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8B U5 Good manners
Comic strip-Welcome to the unit
1.enough的用法 old enough 足够大 enough+n. adj.+enough 助记口诀:形前名
enough food 足够的食物be +adj. enough to do sth
2.manner n.礼貌，礼仪 足够…能够做…
have good manners有礼貌 have bad manners没有礼貌 table manners餐桌礼仪
拓展:mannern.方式，方法 in this manner以这种方式
3.cut in on sb.打断别人(的讲话)关于cut的其它短语
cut down砍倒;削减，缩小 cut off
中断(电话通话)，停止，中断(供给) cut out删除
cut up切碎;剁碎
4.wait politely礼貌地等待词汇拓展
polite adj.有礼貌的，客气的 impolite adj.不礼貌的，粗鲁的 impolitely adv.无礼地
5.too...to...
.....而不能......
6.drop litter everywhere到处扔垃圾
everywhere处处，到处，各个地方
somewhere在某处，到某处，用于肯定句
anywhere在任何地方，用于否定句和疑问句
nowhere 无处，哪里都不
leave the tap running让水龙头一直流着
leave sb/sth. doing让某物/某人一直处于....的状态 leave sth. +adj.
leave the windows open/closed让窗户一直开着/关着
8.run一词多义:流动/奔跑/管理/运转/行驶
补充:含run的短语: run across偶然碰见 run after 追赶 run out of从……跑出来
run to 请求帮助 run into撞上 run away 逃跑
9.pick flowers摘花 拓展延伸:
pick up
①捡起，拾起 ②开车接某人③ (偶然)得到，听到，学会
注意:代词放中间pick it/them up10.obey traffic rules遵守交通规则
obey→ disabey_ (反义词)
11.queue for your turn排队等候轮到你
关于queue的短语:
stand in a queue站成一队 jump the queue插队
关于turn的常用句式: It's one's turn to do sth.
含turn的常用短语: in turn依次，轮流
take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 by turns轮流，交替
13.afraid的用法
be afraid of sb./sth. be afraid of doing sth. be afraid to do sth
be afraid +that从句.
14.keep quiet保持安静 阻止某人做某事 keep sb. from doing sth.
常见的连系动词口诀:
一是(be) 一觉(feel) 一保持(keep)三个变成(get，become, turn)四起来(look看起来，sound听起来， smell闻起来，taste尝起来)
15.Anything else 还有别的吗 else放在疑问词或不定代词之后
16.put them back把它们放回原处归纳:含有put的短语
Put down放下 Put into 输入，进入
Put away 收起来;放好 Put off推迟;拖延- put on 穿上
Put out 熄灭 put up张贴;搭建;举起 put one's heart into 全神贯注于
Summary
1.随意乱扔垃圾
drop litter everywhere
2.让水龙头的水一直流着 leave the tap running
3.遵守交通规则 obey traffic rules
4.排队等候
queue for your turn
5.打断别人
cut in on others
6.你够大了可以学习礼仪了。
You're old enough to learn about manners.
7.活到老，学到老。
You're never too old to learn.
8.在书上写字
write in the books
9.把它们放回原处 put them back
Reading:When in Rome
1.invite的用法
invite sb. to do sth. invite sb. to+地点
invite sb. home/here/there
2.greet V.问候，打招呼
greet sb. (with...) =say hello to sb. greet→greeting n.问候语(可数)
3.shake one's hand
=shake hands with sb.握手
4.for the first time第一次，首次
5.kiss sb.=give sb. a kiss亲吻某人 kiss-kisses (三单)
6.close一词多义↓
亲密的adj/近的adj./紧挨着adv/关闭V.
close friends亲密的朋友 close to sb.与某人关系亲密 close to...离...近
7.have a conversation with sb. have conversations with sb.与某人交谈
8.avoid doing sth.避免做某事
9.subject一词多义↓
话题，主题n/科目，学科n/主语n.
10.behave 表现V.
behave politely表现礼貌 behave→behavior_n.注意:behavior不可数
11.in public在公共场合
12.push in插队(英式英语) cut in插队(美式英语)
13.bump into someone撞到某人
14.in one's way挡住某人的路
15.辨析:excuse me与sorry辨析
I'm sorry! 事后道歉Excuse me!事前道歉
1. I'm sorry . l broke your bike.我把你的自行车弄坏了。
2. Excuse me, I have to speak to you.我有话跟你说。
16.till的用法
用于肯定句时，主句用延续性动词，表示动作一直延续到till表示的时间为止。
not..till.…用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till所表示的时间才发生，意外“直到才"。
I will stay here until you get back.
I didn't go to bed untill finished my homework.
17.辨析: as wellalso,too与either
too 一般用于肯定句，放于句末，前一般有逗号
as well 一般用于肯定句，放于句末
also 常放于be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，行
为动词之前。
either 用于否定句，放于句末
She can sing, and she can dance as well.=She can sing, and she can dance , too.=She can sing, and she can also dance. as well as 也，还
all the time一直，总是
19.辨析: loud, aloud与loudly
loud adv.强调声音的音量;adj.“大声的;响亮的”,一般用来修饰 speak, talk, sing, laugh
等
aloud ady.“大声地;高声地”，强调提高声音以便能听到，常与read连用
loudly adv、含有“喧闹;令人生厌”的意思，常用来修饰shout, call, cry, knock 等
20.Just as the saying goes.正如那句谚语所说.....
21.by accident偶然，意外地=by chance
反义短语:on purpose故意，有意的
22.If 引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则
如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐了。 If it rains, we won't go for a picnic.
23.入乡随俗
When you are in Rome, do as the Romans do.
Roman→Romans(复数) German→Germans(复数)
必备短语
1.问候别人的最好方法
the proper way to greet others
2.第一次与某人见面
meet sb. for the first time
3.握手
shake one's hand
4.在公共场所表现得很礼貌 behave politely in public
5.一个吻问候好友
greet close friends with a kiss
6. 插队put in/ cut in
7.在街上撞到某人
bump into sb. in the street
8. 挡路 be in one's way
9.别的建议
some other tips/ advice
10. 大声笑 laugh loudly
Grammar
enough to的用法
①enough to的结构:
主语+be+adj.+enough(for sb.)+to do sth.....对某人来说)足够....，能做某事 Jim is old enough to take care of himself.
②enough to结构可与so...that...句型相互转化
Tom is funny enough to make us laugh.
=Tom is so funny that he can make us laugh.小练笔
The box is so light that he can carry it.=The box islight enough for himto carry.
too...to...的用法
①too...to...结构
too...to...意为“太..而不能....(表否定) The boy is too young to go to school.
②to0...to..结构可与so...that...句型及not... enough to结构互相转化 He is too young to drive.
=He is so young that he can't drive.=He is not old enough to drive.他年龄太小，不能开车。
注意:
enough前面的形容词或副词与to0后面的形容词或副词应是反义关系。
特别提醒:
"too...to..."和"not...enough to"结构中，如果动词不定式和主语构成动宾关系，则动词不定式中动词后不能重复用代词。
e.g. 这个包对我来说太重了，我搬不动。
This bag is too heavy for me to carry it.(x)
This bag is too heavy for me to carry(√)知识点:
1.discuss (v.讨论)
→discussion (n.讨论) discuss sth. with sb.和某人讨论某事
2.express oneself表达自己的想法/感情
express sth. to sb.向某人表达.... express→expression(n.表达;表情)
Integrated skills
1.explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某事 explain→explanation(n.解释说明)注意: from不可以省略
2.keep sb from sth使免受，保护
keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
3.warn的用法=stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth.此处的from可以省略
warn sb. (not)to do sth.告诫某人(不要)做某事 warn sb. of/about sth.
警告某人某事;提醒某人某事 warn sb. against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事
4.No parking.禁止停车含parking的常见短语 parking lot停车场 parking space停车位 free parking免费停车
park v.停车/n.公园
5.Why not... =Why don't you/ we...
为什么不.....
6."It says.."意为“上面写着."，常指报纸，杂志，指示牌等上面写着某些内容。
注意:句中的says不能替换成writes Study skills
1.success的变式
successful successfully
unsuccessful unsuccessfully succeed V成功
2.易混辨析:
sometime,some time, sometimes, some times
sometimes 频度副词 有时
sometime 副词 某个时候
some times 名词短语 几次;几倍
some time 名词短语 一段时间
温馨提示: sometimes跟some times比较容易记住，sometime跟some time 容易搞错。
口诀:
分开一段时间(some time),相聚在某个时候(sometime)相连s是有时(sometimes)分开s是次倍数(some times)
3.soon after不久以后
4.in order to为了，以便否:in order not to..
拓展:in order that+从句
e.g. I often exercise in order that I can keep healthy.
5.risk doing sth.冒险做某事=at the risk of...
6.at one time一度，曾经;同时
7.practice n.练习;训练 practise doing sth.作为“练习"，是不可数名词
It takes a lot of practice to play the piano well.
谈好钢琴需要大量的练习。作为“训练”，是可数名词
There's a basketball practice every Sunday afternoon.
每周日下午都有一场篮球 训练。
8.English sayings 英语谚语
the early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃
it never rains but it pours不雨则已，一雨倾盆/祸不单行
many hands make light work人多活轻/众人拾柴火焰高
every dog has its day人人皆有得意时
put all your eggs in one basket孤注一掷
the grass is always greener on the other side
邻家芳草绿/风景在别处
actions speak louder than words行动胜过语言
no pain, no gain一份耕耘，一份收获
a friend in need is a friend indeed患难见真情
practice makes perfect 熟能生巧
burn the candle at both ends蜡烛两头烧/过度劳累
Task
1.purpose of the talk报告的目的 the purpose of .....的目的 on purpose故意;有意地
2.make sure的用法 make sure +(that)从句 make sure to do sth. make sure of +n.
3.at the table在桌子旁 at table进餐
有the无the大不同 有the表地点
go to school去上学 无the表动作
go to the school去学校 in hospital住院
in the hospital在医院 in class在上课 in the class在班里
4.host n主人;主持v主办;主持
5.易混辨析:on与about
on 指“关于"学术性或专业性的内容
about 指"关于"不那么正式或较为普通的内容
6.above all最重要的是，首要的是
易混辨析:above all/first of all/after all above all
首先，首要的是指从事物重要性上来说的“首先"。 first of all
首先，开始，第一表示次序，相当于at first. after all
毕竟，终究;到底 表示一种让步语气。
6.polite(adj,有礼貌的)
→impolite (adj.不礼貌的)
7.易混辨析:
take place与happen二者都有“发生”的意思。
happen指事情的发生，往往带有"偶然"的意思。
It happens that I am free today.恰好今天我没有事
take place指事先安排或策划好而后发生，没有“偶然”的意思。 take place还有"举行"的影响 The sports meeting will take place next Sunday.运动会将在下周日举行。注意:happen和take place均没有被动语态。

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