资源简介

绝密★考试结束前
2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is different about the woman
A．She got a haircut. B．She’s wearing a necklace. C．She is dressed in a new blouse.
2．What will the man probably do
A．Have his car fixed. B．Go shopping with Lisa. C．Drive the woman to a park
3．Where might the man be
A．In a pool. B．In a boat. C．In a bath.
4．Who might the man be
A．A student. B．A regular teacher. C．A substitute teacher.
5．What is the most important to the woman
A．Her bank account. B．Her happiness. C．Her job.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the conversation mainly about
A．Research on coffee drinking. B．Effects of sleeping habits. C．Studies about a disease.
7．When does the woman like to drink coffee
A．In the evening B．In the afternoon C．In the morning.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．How much money did the man spend on a taxi
A．$20. B．$ 10 C．$30.
9．What does the man seem to be good at
A．Getting to places on time. B．Finishing all of the food C．Doing his work well.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What are the speakers discussing
A．A travel plan. B．A past camping trip C．A company activity.
11．What happened to the speakers last year
A．They had an accident B．They moved to Italy. C．They lost some money in a forest.
12．Where do the speakers decide to go in the end
A．To the mountains. B．To the seaside. C．To the desert.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What does the woman give the man first
A．Her passport. B．Her ticket. C．Her name.
14．Where does the woman ask to sit
A．In first class. B．By the washroom. C．Near the walkway.
15．What time is it now
A．9:20. B．9:30. C．9:40.
16．How does the woman feel in the end
A．Rushed. B．Grateful. C．Confused.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．How did Penang Toy Museum enter the Malaysian Book of Records
A．It has the biggest toy in Malaysia.
B．It’s the largest museum in Malaysia.
C．It’s the first toy museum in Malaysia.
18．When did the owner get his first toy
A．In 1973. B．In 2000. C．In 2005.
19．What do we know about the Gundam robot
A．It’s from Malasia. B．It’s cheap and ordinary. C．It’s 180 centimeters tall.
20．How many hours is the museum open on Saturday
A．6 B．9 C．12
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Connected to each other like never before, young people today are becoming agents of change, increasingly contributing to innovative solutions that improve people’s lives and the planet’s health.
The United Nations Institute for Training and Research is therefore delighted to launch the Young Leaders Online Training Programme, a four-week e-Learning course, to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to fully unfold their potential as global leaders.
◆CONTENT
◇Online Learning Modules
Module 1: The United Nations (3-9 June 2024)
Module 2: Conference Diplomacy (外交) (10-16 June 2024)
Module 3: Sustainable Development Goals (17-23 June 2024)
Module 4: International Communication (24-30 June 2024)
Each module will comprise about 30 pages of literature, external links, videos, and other relevant material, corresponding to a total workload of 40-45 hours during the four weeks.
◇Live Components
Each e-Learning module will go with a series of live meetings with UN experts. These will have varying lengths and formats, including e-workshops, mock (模拟的) interviews, etc.
◆COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS
Participants are qualified for a course certificate upon successful completion of the components below:
◇Reading the four modules’ content. You may wish to study the material through the interactive
programme Articulate Storyline or simply download the PDF version of the content. They are identical in content and are meant to give participants flexibility in the way to study.
◇Participation in the discussion board forums (论坛). You are supposed to answer questions on every module in short texts. Your posts will be evaluated according to both quantity and quality.
◇Passing the multiple-choice assessments. Each module features an assessment quiz at its end. It contains 10 questions, and passing the module requires at least 8 out of 10 questions correctly answered.
21．What is the main aim of the course
A．To improve the lives of young people. B．To connect the youth around the world.
C．To collect innovative ideas from young people. D．To build up the youth’s global leadership ability.
22．What will participants do in each module
A．Read great works of literature. B．Spend 40-45 hours on learning.
C．Make videos for the United Nations. D．Have online meetings with UN experts.
23．To get a course certificate, a participant needs to ______.
A．take part in the discussions B．post questions on each module
C．copy the PDF version of the content D．answer all the test questions correctly
B
Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create community right in their own front yards. Ten years ago, she and her family moved to a new home in Austin, Texas.
One day, Kristin tried to connect with her new neighbors by hosting a party. She bought a few picnic tables but the delivery driver set one table down in her front yard by mistake. “After the party, I painted the table turquoise—my favorite color—and put it in the front yard, just a few feet from the sidewalk,” she says.
That turquoise table became the place where Kristin and her kids hung out. They played games, did crafts and ate snacks. “We got intentional about where we spent our time,” Kristin says. “We became ‘front yard people’.”
Neighbors began to stop by to introduce themselves and sit down for a chat. Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea. Then neighbors asked Kristin if their family could put a picnic table in their front yard too. A movement was born. “It was a simple way to slow down and connect with others,” she says. The turquoise table was inviting and had a shared feel.
People often hesitate to invite others into their homes. They think their house is too messy, it’s not big enough or they don’t have enough time. “Our perfectionism can cause us to miss out on the joy of connecting with others,” Kristin says. Her picnic table takes away the excuses—and the pressure.
She likes how it enables her to take a small step toward easing loneliness and building relationships in her community. “People’s greatest need is to know that they are loved and that they belong,” she says.
A decade after their Texas beginnings, thousands of Turquoise Tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world. Not all of them are actually turquoise. “No matter what color it is, it’s a friendship table,” Kristin says.
24．Why did Kristin Schell start the movement
A．To host more parties in her front yard. B．To entertain her friends and neighbors.
C．To engage with people in the neighbourhood. D．To create harmonious communities worldwide.
25．Which of the following words best describe Kristin Schell according to the text
A．Creative and sociable. B．Friendly and humorous.
C．Generous and ambitious. D．Cautious and responsible.
26．What can be inferred from the text
A．People don’t like others to step into their houses.
B．The campaign has a big impact at home and abroad.
C．Kristin Schell bought the turquoise table to host a party.
D．People feel unwilling to join in the front ya rd chat at first.
27．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Love Your Neighbors B．An Amazing Woman
C．Happy Front Yard Time D．Tables Where All Are Welcome
C
Do you ever talk to yourself Although it’s not always a conscious habit, most of us practice self-talk on a daily basis.
Research shows that self-talk can increase productivity, motivation and confidence, and even help manage feelings. “There is solid evidence that self-talk strategies improve learning and performance,” according to sport psychologist Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, who studies the phenomenon of self-talk.
He explains that there are generally three reasons why we practice self-talk: to instruct, to motivate or to evaluate. Instructional self-talk happens when we need to guide ourselves through a specific task, such as learning a new skill. Motivational self-talk usually is used when we want to prepare ourselves for something challenging; it can help to increase confidence. Evaluative self-talk mostly is related to past events or actions.
Hatzigeorgiadis stresses that if we want to use such self-talk to good advantage, it needs to be short, precise and, most of all, consistent. Of course, self-talk also can be ineffective and even detrimental if it’s not done right.
“It is a matter of personal preference or what works for each person; but generally, it is advised that self-talk
be positively rather than negatively phrased and focus on what you should do rather than on what you should avoid,” Hatzigeorgiadis says. So, for example, it would be better to say “stay cool” instead of “don’t get upset”. Although both instructions convey the same meaning, you should use positive words rather than negative ones. In this way you can avoid ill results.
Another thing that can make a difference when practicing self-talk is the way you address yourself. According to the research published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, using “you” rather than “I” when talking to yourself tends to be more effective. The researchers explain that when you think of yourself as another person, it allows you to give more objective and useful feedback (反馈).
28．Why do people talk to themselves in Antonis’s opinion
A．To recall their past experiences.
B．To guide them to find more opportunities.
C．To encourage them to overcome difficulties.
D．To evaluate their performance when doing a task.
29．Which of the following is the best self-talk according to the text
A．You shall be brave. B．Never be afraid.
C．I must be brave. D．You mustn’t be afraid.
30．What does the underlined word “detrimental” mean in paragraph 4
A．Disturbing. B．Embarrassing. C．Useless. D．Harmful.
31．What’s the main idea of this text
A．People do self-talk based on rules.
B．People do self-talk for good reason.
C．People benefit from proper self-talk.
D．People should perform positive self-talk.
D
Spring is in the air. Birds are singing and beginning to build their nests. It happens every year like clockwork. But by comparing recent observations with century-old eggs preserved in museum collections, scientists involved in the study were able to determine that about a third of the bird species are nesting and laying eggs nearly a month earlier than they did a hundred years ago. And as far as the researchers can tell climate change is responsible.
“Egg collections are such a fascinating to for us to learn about bird ecology over time,” says John Bates, director of the Field Museum. The eggs, with the contents removed, are stored in small boxes and accompanied by labels, saying what kind of bird they belong to, where they're from, and precisely when they were collected
Fidino, an ecologist at Chicago’s Lincoln Park Zoo, built a model for studying the historical and modern data about the egg collections. He found a surprising result: among the 72 bird species studied, about a third are nesting and laying their first eggs 25. 1 days earlier than they did a century ago.
Given that the climate crisis has dramatically affected so many aspects of biology, the researchers looked to rising temperatures as a potential explanation for the earlier nesting and laying. The changes in temperature are seemingly small but lead to different plants blooming and insects emerging—things that could affect the food available for birds. So birds have to move their egg-laying dates to adapt.
In addition to serving as a warning about climate change, Bates believes the study highlights the importance of museum collections, particularly egg collections. “They’re heavy with data about the past, and they can help us answer important questions about our world today,” he said.
32．How did the scientists conduct the study
A．By doing field research. B．By analyzing data.
C．By referring to documents. D．By doing interviews.
33．What do we know about the egg collections in the museum
A．They are labeled on exhibition.
B．They were collected a century ago.
C．They are used for educational purpose
D．They were specially processed for storage.
34．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．Rising temperatures change birds’ habits.
B．Rising temperatures affect food available for birds.
C．Climate change leads to great changes to plants and insects
D．Climate change should be to blame for birds’ early laying
35．What does Bates think of the study
A．Beneficial. B．Instructive. C．Inspiring. D．Surprising.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Psychologists tell us that there are four basic stages that human beings pass through when they enter and live in a new culture .This process, which helps us to deal with culture shock, is the way our brain and our personality react to the strange new things we encounter when we move from one culture to another .
Culture begins with the “honeymoon stage”. 36 .We are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food. 37 .
38 .After we have settled down into our new life , we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland, our family, friends, and even pets. All the little problems in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. This period of cultural adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling away from the new culture .
The third stage is called the “adjustment stage”. 39 .Your sense of humor usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor!
The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. 40 .You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.
A．You can cope with most problems that occur.
B．This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture.
C．It is extremely difficult to get through the first stage of culture.
D．You may feel sad, anxious , frustrated , and want to go home.
E．Unfortunately, the second stage can be more difficult.
F．This stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are involved in some kind of great adventure.
G．This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father was the first one to point out my large leg muscles. I was just a kid and I’d never thought about the 41 of my body before.
“You’ve got legs just like your mother,” he said.
After he made that 42 , I started watching other girls’ legs and comparing them to my own. I could tell my legs were different. One day, I stood in front of the mirror and 43 my legs from every angle. My leg muscles were huge no matter which way I turned.
The gym class was the 44 part of my week. I was sure the other cool girls were all staring at my strong legs. I did everything I could to be like them. 45 , I could never be like those girls with perfect bodies.
One New Year’s Eve my older cousin Maria stopped me on the way home. “Perfect calves (腿肚)!” she said, pulling on my arm and 46 me around “Girl, you’ve got 47 legs.”
“What ” I said, 48 , pulling down my dress.
“I know so many people — girls and guys — who would kill for legs like that,” she continued.
“Really ” I asked.
“Oh yeah! People do various crazy exercises to get legs like yours,” she said.
Maybe there was some 49 in her words. After that, my idea about what a beautiful body looks like began to 50 . Whoever said being 51 wasn’t beautiful I decided that there were more important things to 52 than the size of my leg muscles.
Once I realized what my strong legs 53 me to do, I stopped wishing for my muscles to 54 . With my strong legs, I can swim across lakes and dance until morning. Now my strong legs are one of my 55 , and I love showing them off to the world.
41．A．weight B．secret C．shape D．size
42．A．comment B．discovery C．warning D．instruction
43．A．measured B．lifted C．observed D．bent
44．A．worst B．busiest C．nicest D．easiest
45．A．Instead B．Consequently C．However D．Besides
46．A．showing B．taking C．pressing D．turning
47．A．amazing B．elegant C．typical D．abnormal
48．A．ashamed B．excited C．amused D．confused
49．A．power B．inspiration C．pride D．truth
50．A．work B．change C．appear D．improve
51．A．strong B．different C．heavy D．simple
52．A．engage in B．keep up C．worry about D．find out
53．A．help B．allow C．forbid D．force
54．A．grow B．disappear C．relax D．ache
55．A．problems B．dreams C．choices D．strengths
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
Shadow play (皮影戏), a folk drama active in China for over 2,000 years, is also known as “shadow puppet” or “lamp shadow play”, in which people perform stories 56 using puppet (木偶) shadows on lighted hide or paperboard.
The production procedures of shadow puppets usually go through the following 57 (step): leather selection, leather making, painting, engraving, color application, sweating and ironing, binding and synthesis. Each step must be 58 (care).
Born in the times 59 there was neither movie nor TV and 60 (reach) its best days in the
Qing Dynasty, shadow play 61 (be) on the way of development to date with it seen all around China. In 2006, shadow play 62 (list) in China’s first national intangible (无形的) cultural heritage list. Since then, it has won many awards at home and abroad, which is of positive 63 (important) to the inheritance of shadow play.
Shadow play is among the first Chinese drama arts to spread abroad. Quite a few foreign friends spoke highly of it— “I love the modeling of shadow puppets because they have a special styling.”, “I fail to understand 64 people are singing, but I still find it quite interesting.”, and such like that.
As for shadow play in our traditional culture, we can’t let the drama 65 (leave) to us be lost. We should let it be handed down.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Paul最近沉迷于刷短视频，导致学习成绩下降，因此发邮件向你求助。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1．短视频的危害；
2．你的建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Paul,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Daniel’s mother, Debbie Ashworth struggled to raise her two kids. As the older child at home, Daniel was a good help to his mother, cleaning the room and caring for his younger brother, Tony.
On a cold winter morning, Debbie asked the kids to go to the supermarket for some groceries. A toy panda on the she If caught Tony’s eyes. It was so adorable that he could hardly tear himself away from it. Knowing that they couldn’t afford it, Daniel told his brother to put it back. But Tony really wanted it and was unwilling to leave.
“Please, I can wait until Mom’s salary came in on June 15th,” Tony said. Daniel hesitated for a while, then took out a pen and wrote a note, which read, “Please keep the toy panda for my little brother until June 15th, when my mother gets her salary to pay for it. Thanks.” Placing the note on top of the box, they left the supermarket relieved.
One of the staff spotted the note, who then showed it to the manager. The note melted everyone there and they decided to do something thoughtfully. They put away the toy panda so that it wouldn’t be purchased by other shoppers. After that, they tried their best to search for the two boys, but in vain. There was no other clue(线索)on the note to identify them. It appeared that they had no alternative but to wait until June 15th, which was about half a month away.
The big day finally arrived. Unexpectedly, the two boys didn’t show up. “Maybe they have forgotten all about the toy,” one clerk whispered. “Impossible. A toy animal might not mean much to an adult. But for a child, it could mean the world,” the manager said. “We must come up with a way to contact them.” They decided to turn to the Internet by posting the note and their phone number online, hoping it could bring a surprise.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The post eventually attracted the attention of Debbie.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I lost my job last month,” Debbie sighed(叹气).
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A
【原文】M: You look different, Laura. Is it your diamond necklace No, that’s not it. I know — it’s that new blouse you’re wearing. You look good!
W: Actually, I wore this last Sunday. What’s changed is my hair. I just cut it myself!
2．C
【原文】M: Who else is going to the pop festival at the park I have space in my car for one more.
W: I’d like a ride. Adam was going to take me, but he decided to go shopping with Lisa at the last minute.
3．A
【原文】M: I don’t like this. I feel like I’m sinking. Are you sure I’ll be OK
W: You’re doing just fine. Just keep kicking your legs, and pushing out with your arms.
4．C
【原文】W: You did a great job today, Jack. I heard you made a very big impression on the students.
M: Thank you for giving me the opportunity. I really like this school. Please keep me in mind if you ever need someone again.
5．B
【原文】M: I wish I was an actor. They have the coolest job. Just think, if you had all that money, you wouldn’t have to worry about anything.
W: The rich have problems, too. I would rather be content with less than have more but not be satisfied.
6．A 7．A
【原文】W: Finally, a scientific study with good results about coffee has been done!
M: What do you mean Hasn’t there been a lot of coffee research lately I know I read that coffee is good for your heart; coffee can make your life longer; and coffee can prevent some diseases. What else have they found
W: The best thing: Drinking coffee late in the day is good for some people, specifically, night
owls. A late-night coffee affects morning birds badly, but not people like me who normally stay up late. We Italians often have a small cup of coffee in the evening. For me, the night can’t start without one!
8．A 9．B
【原文】M: You know, Cathy, my life is full of missed opportunities. Can you pass me the fries
W: Sure… What do you mean by that, Andrew
M: Well, for example… This morning, I was just 10 seconds late and missed the train. I had to go back up on the street and catch a taxi. I ended up spending $20 to get to work. Are you going to eat that last slice of pizza
W: No…you can have it… Well, you only missed the train once.
M: It’s not only that. When I got to work, I was already 30 minutes late. By the time I got up to the conference room on the 40th floor, my morning meeting was over. My co-worker Paul got promoted instead of me. Hey, do you plan to finish that piece of apple pie
W: It’s yours. Well, you certainly don’t miss an opportunity when food is involved!
10．A 11．A 12．A
【原文】W: I think we should take a trip to Italy this year.
M: I’m not sure if I can take the time off work. My company is really busy right now, and you know we need the money.
W: You always say that! We haven’t been on a trip in years. Don’t you want to go on vacation
M: I do. But we’re still paying off those crazy medical bills from that accident in the forest last year. It might be more responsible to wait until next year.
W: I understand that it’s important for us to save money. What about a short trip instead Just to get away for a couple of days…
M: Hmm, that sounds good. Why don’t we go camping in the mountains or near the ocean It would not be expensive, but most importantly, we’d be close by, so it would only be a two-day trip.
W: Come on, you know how much I hate sand! Let’s stick to the mountains. Some fresh air will do us a world of good. What do you say
M: Sounds awesome! Let’s go next weekend.
W: Great!
13．C 14．C 15．A 16．B
【原文】M: Hello, there. Welcome to Delta Airlines. How can I help you today
W: Hello. Just a minute, my hands are full… I have my passport here somewhere…
M: No problem, ma’am. Why don’t you just give me your name And I’ll get your ticket ready for you.
W: It’s Laura Jones. I’m on the 10:00 flight to Toronto, Canada. I’m running a little late because of the traffic. Is there anything you could do to help me
M: I’ll certainly try my best. I’ll also need your baby’s passport.
W: Here it is. I’m sorry. I am in such a hurry. My daughter has been crying all morning.
M: I completely understand, ma’am. Let me see what kind of seats are available for you.
W: Actually, I would prefer a seat near the walkway because of my daughter.
M: You know what, I have some very good news. Someone in first class has just canceled their flight. I can move you into their seat. That will give you lots of room, and you’ll be right beside the washroom, too.
W: Are you kidding
M: No, ma’am. But boarding begins at 9:30, which is 10 minutes from now. We’ll find someone to accompany you through security, and have you at the gate in less than 20 minutes.
W: You are too kind! I really appreciate it!
M: It’s my pleasure. Merry Christmas!
17．C 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】As the largest of its kind in the world, Penang Toy Museum has over 110,000 toys, dolls and other fun things. It has also entered the Malaysian Book of Records as the first toy museum in the country and for having the largest collection. The museum, opened in 2005, was founded by Loh Lean Cheng. He said it all began with his love of toys. He started to collect toys after visiting the London Toy and Model Museum at the age of 19. Starting from the first toy that he bought in 1973, the collection has just kept on growing and growing. Today, you can find almost everything
about toys here. According to Loh Lean Cheng, some of his toys are limited editions. One of the most expensive things in the museum is a 1.8-meter tall Gundam robot from Japan. There are more toy collections to be added, according to the owner who receives about 1000 to 2000 visitors per day. If you go to Malaysia, don’t forget to go and have a look at the toys. The museum is open daily from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., including weekends and public holidays.
21．D 22．D 23．A
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国训练研究所推出青年领袖在线培训计划，这是一个为期四周的电子学习课程，为参与者提供知识和技能，以充分发挥他们作为全球领导者的潜力。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“a four-week e-Learning course, to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to fully unfold their potential as global leaders. (为期四周的在线学习课程，为参与者提供知识和技能，以充分发挥他们作为全球领导者的潜力。)”可知，该课程的主要目标是培养青少年的全球领导能力。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据◇Live Components下面的“Each e-Learning module will go with a series of live meetings with UN experts. (每个电子学习模块都将伴随与联合国专家的一系列现场会议。)”可知，参与者将在每个模块中与联合国专家举行在线会议。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据◆COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS(完成要求)中的第二条“◇Participation in the discussion board forums (论坛). (参与讨论板论坛)”可知，为了获得课程证书，参与者需要参与讨论，故选A。
24．C 25．A 26．B 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。克里斯汀·谢尔在前院放置了一张青绿色餐桌，与邻居和陌生人建立联系。在她的宣传和带动下，现已形成了一场全国性的运动。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create community right in their own front yards. Ten years ago, she and her family moved to a new home in Austin, Texas.”（克里斯汀·谢尔是“绿松石桌”(the Turquoise Table)的创始人，这是一个普通人想要在自己的前院建立社区的运动）和第二段“One day, Kristin tried to connect with her new neighbors by hosting a party.(一天，克里斯汀试图通过举办一个聚会来与她的新邻居建立联系)”以及第四段“It was a simple way to slow down and
connect with others”（这是一种简单的方式，让你放慢脚步，与他人交流）可知，克里斯汀·谢尔发起了这项运动的目的是与邻居接触。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段““After the party, I painted the table turquoise—my favorite color—and put it in the front yard, just a few feet from the sidewalk,” she says.”（聚会结束后，我把桌子漆成了我最喜欢的绿松石色，然后把它放在前院，离人行道只有几英尺远，”她说）以及后文Kristin后来发起了“绿松石桌”运动可知，克里斯汀有创造性。根据第四段“Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea.”（克里斯汀邀请人们和她一起坐在桌边喝咖啡或冰茶）可知，克里斯汀是一个热情、好交际的人。故选A项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“A decade after their Texas beginnings, thousands of Turquoise Tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world.”（从德州开始的十年后，成千上万的绿松石桌遍布全球50个州和13个国家）可知，这场运动在国内外都产生了巨大的影响。故选B项。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create community right in their own front yards. Ten years ago, she and her family moved to a new home in Austin, Texas.”（克里斯汀·谢尔是“绿松石桌”的创始人，这是一个普通人想要在自己的前院建立社区的运动。）和最后一段“A decade after their Texas beginnings, thousands of Turquoise Tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world.”（从德州开始的十年后，成千上万的绿松石桌遍布全球50个州和13个国家。）可知，文章主要讲述克里斯汀·谢尔在前院放置了一张青绿色餐桌，与邻居和陌生人建立联系。在她的宣传和带动下，现已形成了一场全国性的运动。因此D项“欢迎所有人的桌子”可作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。
28．C 29．A 30．D 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了人们自言自语的原因和什么样的自言自语才更有效。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Motivational self-talk usually is used when we want to prepare ourselves for something challenging; it can help to increase confidence.(当我们想为挑战做好准备时，通常会使用动机性自言自语；它可以帮助增加信心)”可知，Antonis认为人们自言自语是为了鼓励他们自己克服困难。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第五段中的““It is a matter of personal preference or what works for each person; but generally, it is advised that self-talk be positively rather than negatively phrased and
focus on what you should do rather than on what you should avoid,” Hatzigeorgiadis says.(“这是个人喜好的问题，或者说什么适合每个人；但一般来说，自言自语应该是积极的，而不是消极的，专注于你应该做什么，而不是你应该避免什么，”Hatzigeorgiadis说)”及最后一段中的“According to the research published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, using “you” rather than “I” when talking to yourself tends to be more effective.(根据发表在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上的一项研究，自言自语时使用“你”而不是“我”往往更有效)”可推知，自言自语应该是积极的且使用“你”更有效，选项中的“You shall be brave.(你要勇敢)”属于最好的自言自语。故选A。
30．词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词上文“Of course, self-talk also can be ineffective (当然，自言自语也可能是无效的)”及下文“if it’s not done right(如果使用不当)”可推知，自言自语有时候没有效果，如果使用不当甚至有害。由此推知，划线词detrimental与harmful(有害的)意思解析。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Research shows that self-talk can increase productivity, motivation and confidence, and even help manage feelings. “There is solid evidence that self-talk strategies improve learning and performance,” according to sport psychologist Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, who studies the phenomenon of self-talk.(研究表明，自言自语可以提高工作效率、动力和信心，甚至有助于管理情绪。“有确凿的证据表明，自言自语策略可以提高学习和表现，”研究自我对话现象的运动心理学家Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis说)”及下文介绍可知，本文主要探讨了人们自言自语的原因和人们可以从适当的自言自语中受益。故选C。
32．B 33．D 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文是说明文。科学家通过分析博物馆里保存的一个世纪以来收集的鸟蛋，发现鸟筑巢生蛋的时间比一百年前提前了接近一个月，而造成这一结果的原因很可能是气候变化。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段中“But by comparing recent observations with century-old eggs preserved in museum collections, scientists involved in the study were able to determine that about a third of the bird species are nesting and laying eggs nearly a month earlier than they did a hundred years ago.”（但是，通过将最近的观察结果与博物馆收藏的百年鸟蛋进行比较，参与这项研究的科学家们能够确定，大约三分之一的鸟类筑巢和产卵的时间比一百年前提前了近一个月。）可知，科学家将一个世纪前的鸟蛋和现在的鸟蛋的观察数据进行了比较分析。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The eggs, with the contents removed, are stored in small boxes and accompanied by labels, saying what kind of bird they belong to, where they're from, and precisely when they were collected.”（鸡蛋里的东西去掉后，会被储存在小盒子里，并附有标签，上面注明它们属于哪种鸟，来自哪里，以及它们被收集的准确时间。）可知，鸟蛋在储存前，里面的东西已经做了清空处理，即它们经过特殊处理以便于储存。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Given that the climate crisis has dramatically affected so many aspects of biology, the researchers looked to rising temperatures as a potential explanation for the earlier nesting and laying.”（鉴于气候危机极大地影响了生物学的许多方面，研究人员将气温上升视为更早筑巢和产卵的潜在解释。）内容可知，作者的中心意思是气候变化可能是导致鸟生蛋时间提前的原因。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to serving as a warning about climate change, Bates believes the study highlights the importance of museum collections, particularly egg collections. “They’re heavy with data about the past, and they can help us answer important questions about our world today,”he said.”（贝茨认为，除了对气候变化发出警告外，这项研究还强调了博物馆收藏的重要性，尤其是鸟蛋收藏。“它们承载着大量关于过去的数据，可以帮助我们回答有关当今世界的重要问题，”他说。）可知，Bates认为此项研究突显了博物馆鸟蛋收藏的重要性，可以帮助人们研究过去，回答今天的重大问题。由此可知，Bates认为该研究是有益的。故选A。
36．G 37．F 38．E 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化冲击会经历四个基本阶段。
36．根据前句“Culture begins with the “honeymoon stage”.(文化始于“蜜月期”。)”和后句“We are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food.(在新的环境中，看到新的风景，听到新的声音和语言，吃到新的食物，我们都很兴奋。)”可知，“蜜月期”期间，我们对新的文化感到兴奋。选择项G“This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting .(这段时间是我们刚到的时候，关于新文化的一切都是陌生而令人兴奋的。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
37．根据前句“We are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food.(在新的环境中，看到新的风景，听到新的声音和语言，
吃到新的食物，我们都很兴奋。)”可知，这里陈述“蜜月期”所持续的时间及其原因。选择项F“This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting .(这个阶段可以持续相当长的时间，因为我们觉得自己参与了某种伟大的冒险。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
38．根据后文“After we have settled down into our new life , we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland, our family, friends, and even pets. All the little problems in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. This period of cultural adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling away from the new culture. (当我们在新生活中安顿下来后，我们会变得很累，开始想念我们的家乡、家人、朋友，甚至宠物。当你在异国文化中面对生活中所有的小问题时，它们似乎更大，更令人不安。这段文化适应期可能非常困难，会导致新来的人拒绝或远离新文化。)”可知，本段介绍文化冲击的第二阶段，此阶段会出现文化的不适应。选择项E“Unfortunately , the second stage can be more difficult . (不幸的是，第二阶段可能更加困难。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
39．根据前句“The third stage is called the “adjustment stage”. (第三个阶段被称为“调整阶段”。)”和后文“Your sense of humor usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor! (你的幽默感通常会变得更强，你会意识到，在新的地方学会照顾自己会让你变得更强。事情还是很困难，但你现在是幸存者了!)”可知，在调整阶段会重新认识异国文化。选择项B“This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture . (这时你才开始意识到，在东道主文化中，事情并没有那么糟糕。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
40．根据前句“Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. (现在你在新环境中感到很舒服了。)”和后句“You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.(你可能在语言方面还有问题，但你知道你有足够的能力去处理它们。)”可知，这一阶段可以应付新环境所带来的大多数问题。选择项A“You can cope with most problems that occur. (你可以应付大多数出现的问题。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
41．C 42．A 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．D 47．A 48．D 49．D 50．B 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．B 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。身为女孩的作者腿型比较粗壮，一开始她很苦恼，后来她意识到结实的双腿是她的优点。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还是个孩子，以前从没想过自己的体形。A. weight重量；B. secret秘密；C. shape体形；D. size尺寸。根根上文“My father was the first one to point out my large leg muscles.(父亲是第一个指出她腿部肌肉肥大的人)”可知，当时作者还是个孩子，她从未考虑过自己的体形。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他发表评论后，我开始观察其他女孩的腿，并将它们与我自己的腿进行比较。A. comment评论；B. discovery发现；C. warning提醒；D. instruction指示。根据上文“You’ve got legs just like your mother.(你的腿和你妈妈一样)”可知，这是作者的文亲对她双腿的评价。故选A项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我站在镜子前，从各个角度观察我的腿。A. measured测量；B. lifted举起；C. observe观察；D. bent弯曲。根据上文“I stood in front of the mirror (我站在镜子前)”可知，作者站在镜子前从各个角度观察自己的双腿。故选C项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：体育课是我一周中最糟糕的部分。A. worst最糟糕的；B. busiest最忙的；C. nicest最好的；D. easiest最容易的。根据下文“I was sure the other cool girls were all staring at my strong legs.(我确信其他女孩都在盯着我强壮的双腿)”可知，因为体育课上作者担心其他女生盯着她的腿看，所以体育课成了作者一周中最糟糕的部分。故选A项。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我永远不可能像那些身材完美的女孩一样。A. Instead代替；B. Consequently因此；C. However然而；D. Besides除此之外。本空前后句意为转折关系，作者尽其所能成为其他女孩那样的人，然而她永远不可能像那些身材完美的女孩一样。故选C项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“完美的小腿！”她说，拉着我的胳膊，把我转过来，“女孩，你有惊人的双腿。”A. showing 展示；B. taking 带走；C. pressing 按压；D. turning 转过来。分析句意可知，玛丽亚拉住作者的胳膊，让她转身（从各个角度欣赏作者的双腿）。故选D项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“完美的小腿！”她说，拉着我的胳膊，把我转过来，“女孩，你有惊人的双腿。”A. amazing惊人的；B. elegant优雅的；C. typical典型的；D. abnormal反常的。根据上文“Perfect calves (腿肚)!”和下文“know so many people — girls and guys — who would kill for legs like that(我知道很多人——女孩和男孩——都渴望有那样的美腿)”可知，玛丽亚在称赞作者的双腿。故选A项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“真的吗？”我困惑地说，拉低我的裙子。A. ashamed惭愧的；B. excited激动的；C. amused好笑的；D. confused困惑的。根据本空前的““What ” I said”可知，作者感到很困惑，此处是形容词作状语。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许她的话中有些道理。A. power力量；B. inspiration灵感；C .pride骄傲；D. truth真理。根据下文可知，作者关于美丽身体的看法发生了改变，由此判断作者认为堂姐说得在理。故选D项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我对美丽身材的看法开始改变。A. work工作；B. change改变；C .appear出现；D. improve提高。根据本空后两句可知，作者对美的看法有了改变。故选B项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谁说强壮不美丽？A. strong强壮的；B. different不同的；C. heavy重的；D. simple简单的。根据语境可知，作者一直对自己粗壮的双腿感到苦恼，然而，现在作者的看法变了：谁说强壮就不美呢？故选A项。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定有比我腿部肌肉的大小更重要的事情要担心。A. engage in从事，参与；B. keep up赶上；C. worry about 担心；D. find out找出。根据第三、第四段可知，作者一开始并不喜欢自己粗壮的双腿，担心粗壮的双腿会使别人笑话自己。再根据上文“After that, my idea about what a beautiful body looks like began to　　10　　. Whoever said being　　11　　wasn’t beautiful ”可知，此处指作者决定再也不担心自己粗壮的双腿了。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦我意识到我强壮的双腿允许我做什么，我就不再希望我的肌肉消失了。A. help帮助；B. allow允许；C .forbid禁止；D. force强迫。根据下文“With my strong legs. I can swim across lakes and dance until morning.(用我强壮的双腿，我可以游过湖面，跳舞到天亮)”可知，此处指强壮的双腿允许让作者做什么。故选B项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦我意识到我强壮的双腿允许我做什么，我就不再希望我的肌肉消失了。A. grow成长；B. disappear消失；C .relax放松；D. ache疼痛。根据下文“With my strong legs. I can swim across lakes and dance until morning.(用我强壮的双腿，我可以游过湖面，跳舞到天亮)”可知，当作者意识到强壮的双腿允许她游过湖泊，跳舞一直跳到早上，就不再希望自己的肌肉消失。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我强壮的双腿是我的优势之一，我喜欢向全世界展示它们。A. problems问题；B. dreams梦想；C. choices选择；D. strengths力量。根据上文“With my strong legs, I can swim across lakes and dance until morning..(用我强壮的双腿，我可以游过湖
面，跳舞到早上)”可知，作者认为粗壮的双腿成了自己的优势。故选D项。
56．by 57．steps 58．careful 59．when 60．reaching 61．has been 62．was listed 63．importance 64．what 65．left
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了皮影戏的历史以及传承情况。
56．考查介词。句意：皮影戏是一种在中国活跃了2000多年的民间戏剧，也被称为“皮影戏”或“灯影戏”，人们在发光的皮革或纸板上用木偶的影子表演故事。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“通过”应用介词by。故填by。
57．考查名词复数。句意：皮影的制作过程通常要经过以下几个步骤:选皮、制皮、绘画、雕刻、上色、发汗熨烫、装订、合成。根据后文leather selection, leather making, painting, engraving, color application, sweating and ironing, binding and synthesis，说明皮影戏的制作有很多步骤，此step用复数steps。故填steps。
58．考查形容词。句意：每一步都要小心。作表语，应用形容词careful。故填careful。
59．考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏诞生于没有电影和电视的时代，在清代达到了鼎盛时期，一直走在发展的道路上，在中国各地都能看到它。定语从句修饰先行词times，在从句作时间状语，应用when。故填when。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：皮影戏诞生于没有电影和电视的时代，在清代达到了鼎盛时期，一直走在发展的道路上，在中国各地都能看到它。分析句子结构可知reach与逻辑主语shadow play构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填reaching。
61．考查时态。句意：皮影戏诞生于没有电影和电视的时代，在清代达到了鼎盛时期，一直走在发展的道路上，在中国各地都能看到它。根据to date可知用现在完成时，主语为shadow play ，助动词用has。故填has been。
62．考查被动语态。句意：2006年，皮影戏被列入中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In 2006可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为shadow play，谓语用单数。故填was listed。
63．考查名词。此后，它在国内外多次获奖，这对皮影戏的传承具有积极的意义。be of＋名词＝be＋形容词，在文中提到这些奖项对于皮影戏的传承具有积极的重要性。故填importance。
64．考查名词性从句。句意：我听不懂人们在唱什么，但我还是觉得很有趣。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：至于在我们的传统文化中的皮影戏，我们不能让留给我们的戏剧遗失。分析句子结构可知leave与逻辑主语drama构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填left。
66．Dear Paul,
I’m sorry to hear that you’ve been addicted to short videos, which has led to a decline in your academic performance. I think the vice of short videos is that they can easily occupy our free time and make us lose control.
To solve this problem, I suggest that you limit your daily screen time and prioritize your study. You can make a schedule to ensure that you have enough time to study and rest.
I believe you can break free from the controlling hands of short videos and get your life back on track.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Paul最近沉迷于刷短视频，导致学习成绩下降，因此发邮件向你求助。请你回复邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
导致：lead to→cause
建议：suggest→advise
摆脱：break free from→get rid of
确保：ensure→make sure
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：You can make a schedule to ensure that you have enough time to study and rest.
拓展句：You can make a schedule, which can ensure that you have enough time to study and rest.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sorry to hear that you’ve been addicted to short videos, which has led to a decline in your academic performance. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] To solve this problem, I suggest that you limit your daily screen time and prioritize your study. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
67．参考范文：
The post eventually attracted the attention of Debbie. She immediately recognized that it was
her son’s handwriting. Full of gratitude, she phoned the supermarket and thanked for their kindness. The manager invited the mom and her two sons back to the supermarket, presenting the toy panda to little Tony. Holding his beloved toy, Tony’s face lit up and his eyes were shining with great joy. “But why didn’t you come for the toy on June 15th ” the manager asked the two boys in a gentle voice. Hearing this, both of them lowered their heads.
“I lost my job last month,” Debbie sighed(叹气). She explained that knowing the news, the boys decided to keep the toy as a secret. So she had no idea about the case until she spotted the post online. Hearing this, everyone present was deeply moved. Turning to Debbie, the manager said, “I wonder if you are willing to work here as an assistant ” Hearing this, tears of gratitude welled up in Debbie’s eyes, and she held the manager’s hands, saying, “I couldn’t thank you enough.” Due to their help, the whole family felt warmth in the cold weather and believed that there was kindness in every corner of the world.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了丹尼尔的母亲黛比·阿什沃斯艰难地抚养着两个孩子。作为家里的大孩子，丹尼尔是妈妈的好帮手，他打扫房间，照顾弟弟托尼。这天弟弟在超市看到了一个玩具熊十分喜爱，但是当时没钱买于是给经理留了纸条，出乎意料的是，这两个男孩后来没有出现，于是经理在网上发帖想要找到他们。最后黛比看到了帖子，经理也将玩具送给了弟弟。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这篇帖子最终引起了黛比的注意”可知，第一段可描写母亲看到帖子去超市那玩具以及经理送玩具。
②由第二段首句内容“‘我上个月丢了工作，’黛比叹了口气”可知，第二段可描写解释没来的原因以及大家被感动。
2.续写线索：黛比看到帖子——感谢好意——经理送玩具——解释原因——提供工作——黛比感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①赠送：present/give away
②询问：ask/inquire
③解释：explain/illustrate
情绪类
①温和的：gentle/soft
②最爱：beloved/favorite
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing this, both of them lowered their heads. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] So she had no idea about the case until she spotted the post online. (运用了until引导时间状语从句)

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