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阅读理解之记叙文
(名校期中真题)
（22-23高二下·江苏南京·期中）My dad is a car mechanic, which involves lots of heavy lifting, tightening, shaking, and banging. He doesn’t seem like the kind of guy who would bake great bread, but he is and he does. The shop where Dad works is not equipped with enough workers, so there’s lots of pressure on Dad.
I’ve been feeling kind of stressed out myself since I found out I didn’t qualify for the swim team. Now I’ll have to wait a whole year to try out again; that might as well be a million years.
Dad knew I was feeling pressure. Last Saturday he said it was time for me to help in the kitchen. I couldn’t imagine what help I could offer. Still, I followed right behind him.
Dad gave me an apron, got out his enormous stainless-steel mixing bowl, and told me to stir while he added the ingredients. When I had stirred the flour and milk mixture into a thick lump (块), Dad had me turn it over onto the countertop. Then he showed me how to knead (揉) the dough (生面团), which took ten minutes and a surprising amount of energy.
Next came the most difficult and surprising part — doing nothing. We waited for more than an hour for the dough to slowly swell up and double in size. After that, we punched the risen dough down to let the air out, divided it in two and waited for another hour.
“It’s hard to resist putting the dough directly into the oven, but if you do, the bread will be tough. The most important lesson of all is learning to be patient,” Dad explained.
While we waited, we sat and talked. Silence is a blank space that begs to be filled. It’s like the dough — it swells up and fills a room with emptiness unless you punch it down with words. It felt good to be still and listen to each other. As the flour dust in the kitchen quietly settled, time seemed to slow down. The dough was going to rise at its own pace. As I accepted that, I stopped watching the clock and drumming my fingers on the tabletop. I started enjoying the quiet time with Dad. My father taught me how to bake bread, but I think I learned something more.
1．Why did Dad ask the author to help in the kitchen
A．Dad liked baking bread with the author.
B．Dad wanted to help the author relieve the stress
C．Dad intended to teach him a lesson.
D．Dad himself was under huge pressure.
2．What would fill the emptiness of blank space
A．Baking B．Drumming. C．Talking D．Working.
3．What is the theme of the story
A．It is necessary to spend time with family.
B．It is difficult to learn to bake bread.
C．It is beneficial to relax in times of stress.
D．It is important to learn to be patient.
4．What is the most suitable title of the story
A．Dad’s Lesson B．Learning from Father
C．The Bread Lesson D．Baking Bread
（22-23高二下·江苏南京·期中）Lena could clearly remember the night she had to flee her home in Hungary. It was the beginning of the Second World War and her family needed to escape fast. She quickly packed a suitcase with a few pieces of clothing, her diary, and her most prized possession — a beautiful silk scarf. Lena and her best friend, Monika, had persuaded their parents to buy them matching scarves, which they each wore tied around their neck as a symbol of their friendship. Lena had no idea that when she left for America that night, she would never return. Her family settled on the sunny west coast in California.
Lena kept that special silk scarf for many years. One day she decided to give it to her granddaughter, Eliza, to wear to her first job interview for good luck. Lena was afraid that Eliza would lose the scarf, but her granddaughter reassured her, “Don’t worry, Grandma, nothing’s going to happen to your scarf. You’ll see. It is going to bring both of us luck today.” With that, Eliza kissed her grandmother on the cheek and left.
That afternoon, Eliza left the interview feeling confident that she had got the job. She decided to celebrate by going to a restaurant. As she sat at her table, she felt someone staring at her. Sitting next to her was an elderly woman who could not take her eyes off her. “I’m sorry. Do I know you ” Eliza asked.
“I’m sorry, dear, but you remind me of someone I once knew,” the old woman replied in an accented voice. “My best friend looked like you and used to wear a scarf just like the one you’re wearing around your neck.” Eliza felt goose bumps go up her arms. She had heard stories of her grandmother’s best friend and knew the significance of the scarf. Could this be Monika, her grandmother’s childhood friend
Eliza introduced herself and waited to hear the name of the other woman. “My name is Monika, dear. I’m originally from Hungary, but my family had to leave when I was 14 and I’ve been living here in California ever since.” Eliza could not believe it. She said, “Monika, would you mind going somewhere with me I want to show you someone very special.” The elderly woman agreed and they left the restaurant together.
They walked the short distance to Lena’s home and rang the doorbell. When Lena opened the door, she was amazed to see her childhood friend standing in front of her. The scarf had indeed brought good luck.
5．What can be inferred from Paragraphs 2
A．Eliza went to the restaurant to meet Monika.
B．Lena cherished the silk scarf very much.
C．A silk scarf is a symbol of good luck.
D．Eliza celebrated with Lena in a restaurant.
6．Eliza felt goose bumps go up her arms because________.
A．the stranger’s stare made her scared
B．she got cold when she took the scarf off
C．she thought the old woman’s accent was too strange
D．she couldn’t believe she should meet her grandma’s childhood friend
7．Which of the following is the correct order of the story
a. Eliza wore the silk scarf to the interview.
b. Lena’s parents bought her a silk scarf.
c. Eliza went to a restaurant for celebration.
d. Lena met her childhood friend.
e. Lena fled her home in hurry.
f. Eliza unexpectedly met Monika.
A．b-e-a-c-f-d B．e-b-a-f-c-d C．e-d-b-a-c-f D．b-e-a-f-c-d
8．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Reunion in California. B．The Lucky Silk Scarf.
C．A Life-long Friendship. D．Like Grandmother Like Granddaughter.
（22-23高二下·江苏扬州·期中）Emma Towers-Evans first picked up a pencil when she was just two years old and said her love for drawing originated from Free Willy, a film about killer whales. Emma loved drawing as a hobby during her childhood and teens, but never thought it could be a future career. But after attending the University of Surrey for music and sound-recording, she began drawing portraits (肖像) of people’s pets. Now she creates incredible portraits of people and animals which are so realistic that they look like photos.
As her success continued, Emma decided to focus on drawing full-time and set up her own website. Now the pencil artist sells her own original work and 25 percent of earnings from sales of her big cat series of prints go toward conservation charities like the Born Free Foundation and LionAid.
The 29-year-old often completes the drawings on a large piece of Al or A0 paper and estimates each piece of artwork can have upwards of 0.5 million individual pencil strokes (笔画). And it takes her up to 100 hours to draw
an excellent hyper-realistic pencil drawing.
Since the pandemic lockdown, Emma has been making videos of her painting process and sharing them on TikTok, which have got 265,000 followers and 4.5 million likes. “The first one I posted was a time delay video of a portrait and I can’t believe how popular it has become. The comments and support I get are amazing,” the self-taught artist said. “It’s really exciting to see something come alive on the paper. It took me years of practice, patience, and dedication to get to where I am today. I think anyone can get to that level as long as they have the same determination and self-belief.”
9．What can we learn about Emma Towers-Evans
A．She desired to be a painter as a little child.
B．She was especially good at drawing whales.
C．She majored in painting during her college years.
D．She managed to turn her hobby into a career.
10．What do the figures in paragraph 3 show
A．Good artwork is physically demanding.
B．Pencil drawings come in various sizes.
C．Pencil drawing requires much patience.
D．Pencil drawing needs professional skills.
11．How did people react to Emma’s videos on TikTok
A．They showed little interest in them.
B．They welcomed and enjoyed them.
C．They were confused by her drawing techniques.
D．They were disappointed by the long drawing process.
12．What message does Emma try to convey in the last paragraph
A．Rome wasn’t built in a day.
B．Time and tide wait for no man.
C．Where there is life, there is hope.
D．All things are difficult before they are easy.
（22-23高二下·江苏盐城·期中）Scott Kelly visited the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW). He shared his experiences in space with students.
Kelly graduated from college with an engineering degree in 1987. He was later accepted into Navy flight school. In 1995, Kelly sent his application to NASA to become an astronaut. He thought, “If I’m going to fail at
something, I might as well just fail at something that I think I can’t achieve.” That’s what Kelly told the audience at UW. To his surprise, he landed an interview.
From 1999 to 2016, Kelly took part in four space missions. His first was a repair trip to the Hubble Space Telescope. On his second trip, in 2007, he was the mission commander. Kelly finished his third mission in 2011. It was a five-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS). NASA was interested in the idea of sending people to space for an even longer period of time. The space agency then chose Kelly to set off on a 340-day mission to the ISS. The trip became one of the longest time ever spent in space.
The main purpose of the mission was to study how the human body responds to a long space flight. Space weakens your bones and muscles because your body doesn’t have to use them much in low gravity. That s why astronauts work out for at least two hours a day. Eyesight is also greatly affected by space travel. Kelly says that he wears glasses to correct his vision because of his time spent in space.
There’s still a lot to learn about the effects of space flights on the body. And there’s always work to be done in space. The more people who get interested in space, the more steps we can take toward a possible moon base, or even a Mars base.
For kids desiring to become astronauts, Kelly has some advice, “Choose something that you like, because if you like it, you’ll do better at it”.
13．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean
A．Kelly was very afraid of failure.
B．Kelly was sure that he would be rejected.
C．Kelly didn’t really like to be an astronaut.
D．Kelly was very confident about the application.
14．How long did Kelly’s fourth mission last
A．Five months. B．About half a year. C．Around a year. D．Two years.
15．What can we learn about the effects of space flights
A．Wearing glasses in space can avoid them.
B．They disappear when astronauts get home.
C．Professional exercise can reduce them.
D．Researchers have already overcome them.
16．What may Kelly agree with according to the last paragraph
A．Interest is the best teacher. B．Rome was not built in a day.
C．No way is impossible to courage. D．Where there is a will, there is a way.
（22-23高二下·江苏泰州·期中）It was National Adoption Day. The pet store was working with the Lexington Humane Society to find good homes for abandoned dogs and cats. After endless pleas (恳求) from my sons, Mark and Luke, I decided to stop in. I didn’t know it at the time but adopting a homeless dog would really make me feel better. I was struggling with depression. We’d moved from Ohio to Kentucky. Ohio had been my home for forty years, and I missed my parents, friends and the familiarity of home.
Inside the pet store, there were rows of cages filled with furry animals. I spotted ours immediately: a two-year-old female Jack Russell named Princess. I looked into her cage. She pushed her nose toward the cage, sniffed and then lowered her head. Trembling in her cage, she seemed unsure of her surroundings. I wondered if Princess felt that way when she’d been brought here, surrounded by people she didn’t know. Is that why she was shaking so hard It made me want her.
“Let’s adopt her,” I said. My sons couldn’t contain their excitement, “We want her!” My husband also agreed. After I filled out the paperwork, we took Princess home. She barely ate and didn’t bark the first few days, but gradually she relaxed.
One afternoon, I was about to doze off (打盹) when I felt Princess jump on the bed. She was like a friend next to me. Actually, after adopting Princess, I felt better. While I still missed my parents and friends, I started making friends and visiting places in Kentucky.
When my son Luke turned seven, we had a birthday party. While I was making the cupcakes, Princess settled on the floor next to me. She was taking in everything: the sounds of children laughing, the smell of food and two of my new friends sitting at the kitchen table. She looked around and then up at me and wagged her tail. I thought it was her way of saying, “I’m finally home” And you know what She was right. We were both home.
17．Why did the author feel depressed
A．She was homesick then. B．She lost her previous pet.
C．She disliked her new life. D．She felt sorry for the animals.
18．What made the author decide to adopt Princess
A．Its attractive physical appearance.
B．Its elegant responses to her family.
C．Its seemingly emotional suffering.
D．Its obviously favorable personality.
19．How did the arrival of Princess impact the author’s life
A．It changed her routine. B．It changed her lifestyle.
C．It improved her social life. D．It improved her family life.
20．What might be the best title for the text
A．Setting in B．Holding on
C．Changing for good D．Caring for animals
（22-23高二下·江苏扬州·期中）One cold winter day, a dog walked to the edge of an icy river in Poland. Nobody know for sure where the dog came from or what he was doing there. But he was about to have a big adventure.
Without warning, the ice that the dog was standing on broke away from the land. The dog was swept down the river on the sheet of ice half the size of football field. The frightened dog looked for a way to get back to the shore, but he was trapped on the ice. The river was too cold for him to swim to safety.
Some firefighters saw the dog drifting down the river as he passed through their city. They tried to help him, but they couldn’t reach him. The firefighters could only watched as the ice carried the dog farther down the river.
On the fourth day, the dog passed the mouth of the river and was swept out into the Baltic Sea. He had traveled more than 75 miles (120km) from where he began. he was moving farther away from land and any hope of rescue. The piece of ice he was standing on shrunk to the size of picnic table.
The dog was facing a deadly end to his an adventure, but his luck was about to change. some scientists and sailors aboard a research ship named the Baltica were passing through the area. They saw an animal moving on the ice in the distance and decide to ascertain.
At first, people on the ship thought the animal was a seal. They were amazed when they got closer and saw that the “seal” had four legs, floppy ears, and a tail. They had found a dog floating on the ice 15 Miles (24km) from land.
The Baltica’s sailors were able to bring their ship close to the dog. They lowered a net next to the dog, but he was too scared to climb into it. The dog even slipped and fell into the cold water while they were trying to help him. Luckily, he was able to climb back onto the slippery ice.
Fearing that the dog would drown, the crew lowered a raft. Adam, the ship’s mechanic, used the raft to get close to the dog. Adam grabbed the dog by the back of the neck and pulled him into the raft.
Now, Baltic is the mascot(吉祥物) of the research ship that found him and travels with the crew everywhere. He has many fans around the world who learned about his incredible journey and rescue. The president of Poland even wrote a letter to the crew of the ship, praising them for saving Baltic’s life. Baltic started out cold, wet, and alone on the ice but ended up warm, dry, and surrounded by new friends.
21．What is the main problem in this story
A．The dog slipped into the water.
B．The dog was trapped on a piece of floating ice.
C．The dog had nothing to eat for days.
D．The river was too cold for the dog to swim in.
22．How do you understand the underlined word in paragraph 5
A．Do some research B．Solve a problem
C．Rescue someone D．Try to find out more about it
23．What can best describe the dog
A．Adventurous and Lucky B．Brave and Persistent
C．Homeless and Brave D．Scared and Fortunate
24．What can be the best title of the article
A．A 15-mile Icy Adventure. B．Baltic Rescue
C．An Adventurous Dog D．An Incredible Journey
（22-23高二下·江苏连云港·期中）Going home on break is always a bittersweet feeling. At some point during the semester, college may have started to feel like a second home.
I’m lucky since I live locally. When I tell people that I live so close to home, they often ask, “Why are you living on campus if your house is so close to the school ” And the answer was always a sense of community.
Yes, I’ve heard of the horror stories of some commuters who weren’t able to form as much of a bond with peers as people who were living on campus. But to me, everyone in my residential hall was like a big family. Of course, I was closer to some people more than others, but we would all support each other.
College is often seen as a place where everyone tends themselves until they make it to graduation, where people compete for that internship (实习) or research position that basically everyone in your major is aiming for. But here, it’s more common to see people studying with each other during reading period until 3 a.m., or bringing Starbucks to their friends.
Like most things, there are negative things about independence as well. Staying at home for the longer break reminded me of every little thing that my mom would do for me and my siblings. I don’t know about you, but my siblings often scream and run around until their bedtime. Sometimes, I wish I was back at my dorm or the library reading a book. Instead, I have to plug my ears to try to not let them drive me crazy when my parents are at work. However, at other times, their enthusiasm really does help relieve my stress after a week filled with exams and labs right before spring break.
Being home really is a double-edged sword. It’s comforting to be around people you’ve known for your entire life, but it also comes with the sacrifice (牺牲) of some of the things you built into your daily routine in college. But what can I say, it’s always good to go back home — nothing beats Chinese food.
25．What makes the author choose to live in the school
A．A sense of curiosity. B．Living away from parents.
C．A sense of community. D．Longing for independence.
26．What can we learn from paragraph 4
A．Everyone provides for themselves on campus.
B．Students study for internship or research position.
C．These moments make living on campus refreshing.
D．Students study with each other during reading period.
27．Why does the author mention his life at home in paragraph 5
A．To remind that every little thing counts in daily life.
B．To confirm independence has some negative effects.
C．To prove being home really is a double-edged sword.
D．To inform college is where everyone cares for themselves.
28．What is the best title for the text
A．Campus times. B．On going home.
C．The story of going home. D．Unforgettable college life.
（22-23高二下·江苏连云港·期中）Zheng Kelu, the Chinese translator of French masterpieces by Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Stendhal and Simone Beauvoir, died aged 81 on Sept 20. In his six-decade career, Zheng translated around 60 French literature and social science works, and published 11 monographs and 10 textbooks. Thanks to his endeavors, Chinese readers were able to appreciate many classic French works of literature including Les Miserables, La Traviata and Le Comte de Monte-Cristo.
Zheng Kelu was fond of Russian and French literature since high school and later studied French at Peking University from 1957. During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available. He was then able to read original French works.
In his translation, he dared to use rarely used Chinese characters in a hope to make his readers turn to the dictionary and therefore expand their knowledge and vocabulary.
In Zheng’s view, translating practice helped to improve his French language capability, while doing research inspired him on selecting literature works to be translated. Benefiting from his research, he attached great importance to the preface (前言) of his translation so as to help the readers learn about highlights and historical value of the works, and the authors’ writing techniques and motives. He said in an interview with Shanghai
Observer in November that the key to a quality translation lies in how to deal with sentence patterns, especially relative clauses that don’t exist in the Chinese language. He emphasized polishing language use and concluded his translating style as brief and fluent while being literarily graceful.
29．What does the underlined word “endeavors” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．translations. B．efforts. C．masterpieces. D．recommendations.
30．What made Zheng Kelu be able to read original French works
A．The “cultural revolution”. B．His fond of French literature.
C．The French-Cinese dictionaries. D．His past learning experience.
31．Which words can best describe Zheng Kelu
A．Careful and friendly. B．Proud but brave.
C．Determined and ambitious. D．Strict but generous.
32．What can be inferred from Zheng’s view
A．Rarely used Chinese characters must be used.
B．It is helpful to present historical value of the works.
C．It is important for the translation to be complicated.
D．Relative clauses have no effect on a quality translation.
（22-23高二下·江苏苏州·期中）I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don’t remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say, “I can’t believe what’s printed in the newspaper this morning,” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said, “The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf,” I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A’s on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn’t enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.
Yet, now that I’m growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing away to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don’t have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.
We’re taught to read because it’s necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.
33．Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom’s hands
A．She wanted mom to read the news to her.
B．She was anxious to know what had happened.
C．She couldn’t wait to tear the newspaper apart.
D．She couldn’t help but stop mom from reading.
34．According to Paragraph 3, what did the author’s reading of road signs indicate
A．Her unique way to locate herself.
B．Her eagerness to develop her reading ability.
C．Her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules.
D．Her growing desire to know the world around her.
35．What was the author’s view on factual reading
A．It would help her update test-taking skills.
B．It would allow much room for free thinking.
C．It would provide true and objective information.
D．It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.
36．What could be the best title for the passage
A．The Magic of Reading B．The Pleasure of Reading
C．Growing Up with Reading D．Reading Makes a Full Man
（22-23高二下·江苏徐州·期中）In an age when most Chinese people thought that a lunar eclipse (月食) was a sign of angry gods, Wang Zhenyi (1768-1797), an astronomer and mathematician who worked tirelessly to publish her discoveries about space, said, “Actually, it’s definitely because of the Moon.”
Wang was born at a time when feudal (封建的) customs in China prevented girls from getting a formal education. However, she was fortunate that her family encouraged her in learning. Her grandfather, a former district governor, shared his knowledge of astronomy with her, while her father, a medicinal scholar, taught her
basic math. Despite being denied formal education, Wang was determined to learn and became self-taught, studying a vast collection of books on various subjects.
One of Wang’s most famous demonstrations involved creating a model to explain a lunar eclipse. After consulting decades of astronomical records, she used a lamp, a mirror and a round table to respectively symbolize the Sun, the Moon and the Earth. By moving the objects around, she was able to show that a lunar eclipse happened when the Moon passed directly behind the Earth and moved into its shadow. Her article The Explanation of a Lunar Eclipse is still considered highly accurate for its time.
During the Qing dynasty, the Western calendar was introduced to China. Wang argued for its adoption because it was based on the movement of the Sun. Many Chinese scholars rejected the idea for it had come from the West, to which Wang simply responded, “What counts is the usefulness, no matter whether it is Chinese or Western.”
To make math and science accessible to common people, she spent years publishing articles hoping to make these ancient and poorly understood concepts easier to digest. She explained the rotation (旋转) of the planets, and even the Pythagorean theorem (勾股定理) for beginners.
Unfortunately, most of Wang Zhenyi’s works have not passed the test of time, but her contributions continue to be recognized in modern times. In 1994, the International Astronomical Union named a crater (环形山) on Venus after her. Wang’s legacy continues to inspire and encourage future generations to pursue knowledge and innovation.”
37．Why was it difficult for Wang to receive a formal education
A．Her family emphasizes her self-taught education.
B．Her family encourage her to follow feudal customs.
C．She came from a upper class family with a good schooling.
D．She lived in a time when girls were not allowed to attend school.
38．Which of the following best describe Wang’s personalities
A．She was dependent and curious. B．She was intelligent and open-minded.
C．She was determined and narrow-minded. D．She was hard-working and emotional.
39．Wang’s contributions include all the following except ______.
A．introducing the Western calendar to China.
B．arguing for the adoption of the Western calendar.
C．translating complex theories into simple concepts.
D．explaining a lunar eclipse using simple everyday objects.
40．What is one way that Wang’s legacy is recognized to inspire future generations
A．Her books are widely read today.
B．A lunar crater was named Wang Zhenyi.
C．A crater on Venus was named after her.
D．She was awarded a Prize for determination after death.
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了父亲通过教作者烤面包让作者懂得了耐心的重要性。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dad knew I was feeling pressure. Last Saturday he said it was time for me to help in the kitchen.(爸爸知道我有压力。上星期六他说我该去厨房帮忙了)”可知，爸爸知道作者有压力，故让作者去厨房帮忙来帮助作者缓解压力，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Silence is a blank space that begs to be filled. It’s like the dough — it swells up and fills a room with emptiness unless you punch it down with words.(沉默是一个乞求被填满的空白。就像面团一样——膨胀起来，让整个房间充满空白，除非你用话语把它压下去)”可知，用说话填满空白。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The most important lesson of all is learning to be patient(最重要的教训是学会耐心)”可知，该故事的主题是学会耐心很重要，故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“My father taught me how to bake bread, but I think I learned something more.(我父亲教我如何烤面包，但我想我学到了更多的东西)”可知，文章主要讲述父亲通过教作者烤面包让作者懂得耐心的重要性，C项“面包的道理”为最佳标题，故选C。
5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两个儿时的好朋友莉娜和莫妮卡因为战乱分开了，对方都留着特别的丝巾。后来莉娜把丝巾送给了孙女，祈求面试好运，结果孙女在餐厅遇到了莫妮卡，最终两人团聚的故事。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“Lena kept that special silk scarf for many years.(莉娜保留那条特别的丝巾很多年了)”和“Lena was afraid that Eliza would lose the scarf(莉娜担心伊丽莎会把围巾弄丢)”可以推断出莉娜非常珍惜那条丝巾。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Eliza felt goose bumps go up her arms. She had heard stories of her grandmother’s best friend and knew the significance of the scarf. Could this be Monika, her grandmother’s childhood friend (伊丽莎感到手臂起了鸡皮疙瘩。她听说过祖母最好的朋友的故事，知道围巾的重要性。会不会是莫妮卡，她祖母儿时的朋友？)”可知，伊丽莎感到手臂
起了鸡皮疙瘩，因为她不敢相信自己会见到祖母儿时的朋友。故选D项。
7．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Lena and her best friend, Monika, had persuaded their parents to buy them matching scarves, which they each wore tied around their neck as a symbol of their friendship.(莉娜和她最好的朋友莫妮卡说服父母给她们买了相配的围巾，她们都把围巾系在脖子上，作为友谊的象征)”可知，b排序第一，故排除B、C选项；根据第一段中“It was the beginning of the Second World War and her family needed to escape fast.(是第二次世界大战的开始，她的家人需要尽快逃离)”可知，e排序第二；根据第二段中“One day she decided to give it to her granddaughter, Eliza, to wear to her first job interview for good luck.(有一天，她决定把它送给她的孙女伊丽莎，让她戴着它去参加她的第一次工作面试，祈求好运)”可知，a排序第三；根据第三段中“That afternoon, Eliza left the interview feeling confident that she had got the job. She decided to celebrate by going to a restaurant.(那天下午，伊丽莎离开了面试，她自信地得到了这份工作。她决定去餐馆庆祝一下)”可知，c排序第四，故排除D选项。故正确顺序是b-e-a-c-f-d。故选A项。
8．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“It is going to bring both of us luck today.(今天它会给我们俩带来好运)”和最后一段中“The scarf had indeed brought good luck.(围巾确实带来了好运)”可知，文章主要讲述了两个儿时的好朋友莉娜和莫妮卡因为战乱分开了，对方都留着特别的丝巾。后来莉娜把丝巾送给了孙女，祈求面试好运，结果孙女在餐厅遇到了莫妮卡 。最终两人团聚。故 B 选项“幸运丝巾”最符合文章标题。故选 B项。
9．D 10．C 11．B 12．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Emma从小喜欢绘画，最后成功的将自己的业余爱好变成了自己的事业，并在疫情期间发布一些绘画的视屏分享到TikTok上面受到了很多人的欢迎。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Emma loved drawing as a hobby during her childhood and teens, but never thought it could be a future career.( 艾玛在童年和青少年时期就把画画作为一种爱好，但从来没有想过画画会成为她未来的职业。)”以及第二段中的“As her success continued, Emma decided to focus on drawing full-time and set up her own website.(随着她的成功继续，艾玛决定专注于全职画画，并建立了自己的网站。)”可知，Emma小时候喜欢绘画，没有想到绘画会成为自己的事业，而最后的确是专职绘画还建立了自己的网站，由此可知，Emma成功的把自己的业余爱好转化成了自己的事业。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The 29-year-old often completes the drawings on a large piece of Al or A0 paper and estimates each piece of artwork can have upwards of 0.5 million individual pencil strokes (笔画). And it takes her up to 100 hours to draw an excellent hyper-realistic pencil drawing.(29岁的他经常在一张很大的Al或A0纸上完成绘画，他估计每件作品可以有超过50万笔的单独笔画。她要花100个小时才能画出一幅出色的超写实的铅笔画。)”可知，她要完成一件艺术品需要50万笔画，要创作出一幅出色的超现实的铅笔画需要很久，由此可知，这些数字表明铅笔画需要很大的耐心。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Since the pandemic lockdown, Emma has been making videos of her painting process and sharing them on TikTok, which have got 265,000 followers and 4.5 million likes.(自疫情封锁以来，艾玛一直在制作她绘画过程的视频，并在TikTok上分享，已有26.5万名粉丝和450万名赞。)”可知，她在TikTok分享的视频获得几十万的追随者和几百万的赞，以及下文中的““The first one I posted was a time delay video of a portrait and I can’t believe how popular it has become. The comments and support I get are amazing,” the self-taught artist said.(“我发布的第一个视频是一幅肖像的延时视频，我不敢相信它会如此受欢迎。我得到的评论和支持令人惊讶，”这位自学成才的艺术家说。)”可知，她得到的支持和评论是惊人的，连她自己都没有想过会如此的受欢迎，由此可知，看到她视频的人很是欢迎和喜欢。故选B项。
12．推理判断题。根据尾段中的““It’s really exciting to see something come alive on the paper. It took me years of practice, patience, and dedication to get to where I am today. I think anyone can get to that level as long as they have the same determination and self-belief.”(“看到一些东西在纸上变得生动，这真的很令人兴奋。我花了多年的练习、耐心和奉献才走到今天。我认为任何人都可以达到那个水平，只要他们有同样的决心和自信。”)”可知，Emma认为到达现在的成绩需要的是多年的训练，耐心以及为此奉献的精神，由此可知，“罗马不是一天建成的”表达的意义与此相吻合。故选A项。
13．B 14．C 15．C 16．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是美国航天员Scott Kelly从事航天事业的经历。
13．词句猜测题。根据画线句前内容“He was later accepted into Navy flight school. In 1995, Kelly sent his application to NASA to become an astronaut(后来他被海军飞行学校录取。1995年，凯利向美国宇航局递交了成为一名宇航员的申请。).”可知，他向NASA递交了想成为宇航员
的申请，结合划线句子后的“To his surprise, he landed an interview.(令他吃惊的是，他得到了一次面试机会。)”可知，令他惊讶的是，他成功得到了一个面试的机会，由此可推断，“Kelly觉得有可能会被NASA拒绝”，但最终得到面试机会，所以感到很惊讶。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。 根据第三段“Kelly finished his third mission in 2011. It was a five-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS). NASA was interested in the idea of sending people to space for an even longer period of time. The space agency then chose Kelly to set off on a 340-day mission to the ISS.(凯利在2011年完成了他的第三次任务。它在国际空间站(ISS)停留了五个月。美国国家航空和宇宙航行局对把人送到太空停留更长时间的想法很感兴趣。美国宇航局随后选择凯利前往国际空间站执行为期340天的任务。) ”可知，在Kelly完成为期5个月的太空站之旅后，NASA对派人到太空更长时间感兴趣，太空局选择Kelly去太空站执行为期340天的任务，即：第四次航天任务为期一年左右，故选C项。
15．细节理解题。根据第四段“Space weakens your bones and muscles because your body doesn’t have to use them much in low gravity. That s why astronauts work out for at least two hours a day.(太空会削弱你的骨骼和肌肉，因为你的身体不需要在低重力下使用它们。这就是为什么宇航员每天至少要锻炼两个小时。)”可知，在太空几乎不用骨骼与肌肉，很容易削弱它们，所以每天需要至少两小时的锻炼，由此可知，专业的锻炼可以减弱太空旅行造成的对骨骼和肌肉的影响。故选C项。
16．推理判断题。 根据最后一段“For kids desiring to become astronauts, Kelly has some advice, “Choose something that you like, because if you like it, you’ll do better at it”(对于渴望成为宇航员的孩子，凯利有一些建议：“选择你喜欢的东西，因为如果你喜欢它，你就会做得更好。”)”可知，凯利对想成为宇航员的孩子们说，选择自己喜欢的事情，你就会把它做好，由此可推断，凯利认可“兴趣是最好的老师”，所以建议孩子们在选择职业时要考虑自己的喜好。故选A项。
17．A 18．C 19．C 20．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在远在他乡想家的情况下收养似乎和自己经历相同情感痛苦的小狗Princess。Princess慢慢适应了在作者家的生活，而她也让作者逐渐适应了肯塔基的生活。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段的“I was struggling with depression. We’d moved from Ohio to Kentucky. Ohio had been my home for forty years, and I missed my parents, friends and the
familiarity of home.(我一直在与情绪低落作斗争。我们从俄亥俄州搬到了肯塔基州。俄亥俄州是我四十年的家，我想念我的父母、朋友和熟悉的家)”可知，作者情绪低落是因为当时她很想念家人和朋友。故选A。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段的“I spotted ours immediately: a two-year-old female Jack Russell named Princess. I looked into her cage. She pushed her nose toward the cage, sniffed and then lowered her head. Trembling in her cage, she seemed unsure of her surroundings. I wondered if Princess felt that way when she’d been brought here, surrounded by people she didn’t know. Is that why she was shaking so hard It made me want her.(我立刻发现了我们的：一只名叫Princess的两岁雌性Jack Russell。我看着她的笼子。她把鼻子伸向笼子，嗅了嗅，然后低下了头。她在笼子里颤抖着，似乎对周围的环境不确定。我想知道当Princess被带到这里，周围都是她不认识的人时，她是否有这种感觉。那就是她抖得这么厉害的原因吗？这让我想要她。)”推知，作者最终决定收养Princess是因为当时的Princess和作者的状态很相似，正遭受情感上的痛苦。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Actually, after adopting Princess, I felt better. While I still missed my parents and friends, I started making friends and visiting places in Kentucky.(事实上，收养Princess后，我感觉好多了。虽然我仍然想念我的父母和朋友，但我开始结交朋友，去肯塔基州的一些地方。)”可知，Princess的到来改善了作者的社交生活。故选C。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述作者在远在他乡想家的情况下收养似乎和自己经历相同情感痛苦的小狗Princess。Princess慢慢适应了在作者家的生活，而她也让作者逐渐适应了肯塔基的生活。结合最后一段的“I thought it was her way of saying, “I’m finally home” And you know what She was right. We were both home.(我认为这是她说“我终于有了家”的方式，你知道吗？她是对的。我们都有了“家”。)”可知，A项“安顿下来”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
21．B 22．D 23．D 24．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了一只狗在一块冰上，随着河流飘动，最后到达海洋的奇幻旅行，幸运地是，狗最终被一群科学家和水手们营救的故事。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Without warning, the ice that the dog was standing on broke away from the land. The dog was swept down the river on the sheet of ice half the size of football field. The frightened dog looked for a way to get back to the shore, but he was trapped on the
ice.(在没有任何警告的情况下，这只狗所站的冰脱离了陆地。这只狗被冲下了河，冰块的大小只有人行步道的一半，这只受惊的狗想办法回到岸边，但被困在了冰上。)”可知，这个故事主要的问题就是，这只狗被困在了一块漂浮的冰上，故选B。
22．词义猜测题。根据文章第五段中划线词ascertain的前文“some scientists and sailors aboard a research ship named the Baltica were passing through the area. They saw an animal moving on the ice in the distance(一些科学家和水手正乘坐一艘名叫Baltica的研究船经过该地区。他们看到一只动物在远处的冰上移动，于是决定……)”及后文“At first, people on the ship thought the animal was a seal.(起初，船上的人以为这只动物是一只海豹。)”可知，前文提到科学家和水手们看到远处有一只动物在冰上移动，后文又提到他们起初以为是一只海豹，故可推知，此处的ascertain意为“确定”，故与D项“努力了解更多”意思相近，故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The frightened dog looked for a way to get back to the shore, but he was trapped on the ice.(这只受惊的狗想办法回到岸边，却被困在了边上。)”可推知，这只狗是“scared感到害怕的，受惊的”；再根据文章最后一段“Now, Baltic is the mascot(吉祥物) of the research ship that found him and travels with the crew everywhere. (现在，Baltic是研究船的吉祥物，并跟着这些船上的组员到处旅行。)”可知，Baltic是“fortunate幸运的”，它被船员们救下了，并跟着他们到处旅行，故选D。
24．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“One cold winter day, a dog walked to the edge of an icy river in Poland. Nobody know for sure where the dog came from or what he was doing there. But he was about to have a big adventure.(在一个冬天的一天，一只狗走到了波兰的一条冰河的边缘。没有人知道这只狗来自哪里，也不知道它在做什么。但是它即将开启自己的一段大冒险。)”和倒数第三段“They had found a dog floating on the ice 15 Miles (24km) from land.(他们发现一只狗漂浮在里陆地15英里的冰上。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一只狗在一块漂浮的冰上进行的一次大冒险的旅行的故事，故A项“一段长达15英里的冰上冒险”符合文章标题，故填A。
25．C 26．D 27．C 28．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者觉得大学期间放假回家总是一种苦乐参半的感觉，对作者来说大学是第二个家，虽然回家和你认识了一辈子的人在一起是一件令人欣慰的事情，但这也伴随着你在大学里日常生活中所做的一些牺牲。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I’m lucky since I live locally. When I tell people that I live so
close to home, they often ask, “Why are you living on campus if your house is so close to the school ” And the answer was always a sense of community.(我很幸运，因为我住在当地。当我告诉别人我住得离家很近时，他们经常会问：“如果你的家离学校这么近，你为什么要住在校园里 ”答案总是一种社区意识)”可知，是一种社区意识让作者选择住在学校。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“College is often seen as a place where everyone tends themselves until they make it to graduation, where people compete for that internship or research position that basically everyone in your major is aiming for. But here, it’s more common to see people studying with each other during reading period until 3 a.m., or bringing Starbucks to their friends.(大学通常被看作是一个每个人在毕业前都很关心自己的地方，在那里，人们竞争实习或研究职位，而这些职位基本上是你专业的每个人都想要的。但在这里，更常见的是人们在阅读期间互相学习到凌晨3点，或者给朋友带星巴克)”结合选项，可知D项“Students study with each other during reading period.(学生们在阅读期间互相学习)”正确。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Like most things, there are negative things about independence as well. Staying at home for the longer break reminded me of every little thing that my mom would do for me and my siblings. I don’t know about you, but my siblings often scream and run around until their bedtime. Sometimes, I wish I was back at my dorm or the library reading a book. Instead, I have to plug my ears to try to not let them drive me crazy when my parents are at work. However, at other times, their enthusiasm really does help relieve my stress after a week filled with exams and labs right before spring break.(像大多数事情一样，独立也有消极的一面。在家里度过长假让我想起了妈妈为我和我的兄弟姐妹们做的每一件小事。我不知道你怎么想，但我的兄弟姐妹们经常尖叫着跑来跑去，直到他们上床睡觉。有时，我希望我回到我的宿舍或图书馆看书。相反，当我父母上班的时候，我不得不捂着耳朵，尽量不让他们把我逼疯。然而，在其他时候，他们的热情确实有助于缓解我在春假前一周充满考试和实验的压力)”和第六段的“Being home really is a double-edged sword.(在家真的是一把双刃剑)”可推知，作者通过讲述回家之后让自己烦心的事和让自己快乐的事来说明，回家真的是把双刃剑。故选C项。
28．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Going home on break is always a bittersweet feeling. At some point during the semester, college may have started to feel like a second home.(放假回家总是一种苦乐参半的感觉。在这个学期的某个时候，大学可能开始感觉像第二个家)”和最后一段“Being home really is a double-edged sword. It’s comforting to be around people you’ve known for your entire
life, but it also comes with the sacrifice of some of the things you built into your daily routine in college. But what can I say, it’s always good to go back home — nothing beats Chinese food.(回家真的是把双刃剑。和你认识了一辈子的人在一起是令人欣慰的，但这也伴随着你在大学里建立的日常生活的一些牺牲。但我能说什么呢，回家总是好的——没有什么比中国菜更好的了)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者觉得大学期间放假回家总是一种苦乐参半的感觉。所以B项“On going home.(回家)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
29．B 30．D 31．C 32．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国翻译家郑克鲁的个人经历以及成就。
29．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In his six-decade career, Zheng translated around 60 French literature and social science works, and published 11 monographs and 10 textbooks.(在他60年的职业生涯中，他翻译了大约60部法国文学和社会科学著作，出版了11部专著和10部教科书)”以及后文“Chinese readers were able to appreciate many classic French works of literature including Les Miserables, La Traviata and Le Comte de Monte-Cristo(中国读者可以欣赏到许多经典的法国文学作品，包括《悲惨世界》《茶花女》和《基督山伯爵》。)”可知，郑克鲁翻译了许多作品，因此在他的努力下，中国读者得以欣赏到《悲惨世界》《茶花女》《基督山伯爵》等许多法国经典文学作品。故画线词意思是“努力”。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段“Zheng Kelu was fond of Russian and French literature since high school and later studied French at Peking University from 1957. During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available. He was then able to read original French works.(郑克鲁从高中开始就喜欢俄罗斯和法国文学，1957年进入北京大学学习法语。在“文化大革命”（1966- 1976）期间，他花了一年多的时间背诵《法中词典》，因为这是唯一可用的学习材料。那时他已经能够阅读法语原著了)”可知，过去的学习经历让郑克鲁能够阅读法语原版作品。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据第二段“During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available.(在“文化大革命”（1966- 1976）期间，他花了一年多的时间背诵《法中词典》，因为这是唯一可用的学习材料)”以及第三段“In his translation, he dared to use rarely used Chinese characters in a hope to make his readers turn to the dictionary and therefore expand their knowledge and vocabulary.(在他的翻译中，他敢于使用很少使用的汉字，希望他的读者求助
于字典，从而扩大他们的知识和词汇量)”可推知，郑克鲁有决心且有抱负。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Benefiting from his research, he attached great importance to the preface (前言) of his translation so as to help the readers learn about highlights and historical value of the works, and the authors’ writing techniques and motives.(得益于他的研究，他非常重视翻译的序言，以帮助读者了解作品的亮点和历史价值，以及作者的写作技巧和动机)”可推知，展示这些作品的历史价值是很有帮助的。故选B。
33．B 34．D 35．C 36．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在阅读中成长的故事——从小时候通过阅读了解世界和长大后通过阅读远离现实的成长历程。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say, ‘I can’t believe what’s printed in the newspaper this morning,’ made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. (我一直想知道我妈妈在读什么。听到妈妈说“我真不敢相信今天早上报纸上印的是什么”，使我想从她手中抢过报纸自己看看)”可知，作者想抢过妈妈读的报纸，是因为作者很想知道发生了什么事，故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段中“My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed. (我在阅读方面的进步引起了我的好奇心，我想知道一切。我经常告诉我妈妈开慢点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标)”可推知，作者对路标的阅读表明她越来越渴望了解周围的世界。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A’s on my test. (我在小学、初中和高中的大部分阅读都是事实阅读。我读书是为了获取知识，为了在考试中得A)”可推知，作者认为事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观信息。故选C。
36．主旨大意题。根据第一段“I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don’t remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded. (我一直都知道读书是很重要的，因为我小时候的第一段记忆就是读书。没有一个晚上我不记得妈妈在我床边给我读故事书。词语那优美的发音方式给了我极大的启发)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了作者在阅读中成长的故事，从小时候通过阅读了解世界
和长大后通过阅读远离现实的成长历程。由此可知，故C选项“伴随着阅读成长”最符合文章标题。故选C。
37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。在大多数中国人认为月食是愤怒的神的象征的时代，天文学家和数学家王贞仪不知疲倦地发表了自己对太空的发现，她说，“其实，这肯定是因为月球。”文章主要介绍了清代著名女科学家王贞仪的生平及其贡献。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wang was born at a time when feudal (封建的) customs in China prevented girls from getting a formal education.(王生于中国封建习俗禁止女孩接受正规教育的时代。)”可知，王贞仪很难接受正规教育，这是因为她生活在一个女孩不允许上学的时代。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据第三段中“After consulting decades of astronomical records, she used a lamp, a mirror and a round table to respectively symbolize the Sun, the Moon and the Earth. By moving the objects around, she was able to show that a lunar eclipse happened when the Moon passed directly behind the Earth and moved into its shadow. (在查阅了几十年的天文记录后，她用一盏灯、一面镜子和一张圆桌分别代表太阳、月亮和地球。通过移动物体，她能够表明月食发生时，月球正好经过地球后面，并移动到它的阴影。)”可推知，王贞仪很聪明，根据第四段中“Many Chinese scholars rejected the idea for it had come from the West, to which Wang simply responded, “What counts is the usefulness, no matter whether it is Chinese or Western.”(许多中国学者拒绝接受这种来自西方的观点，对此，王只是回答说:“重要的是有用性，不管是中国的还是西方的。”)”可推知，王贞仪思想开放，故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the Qing dynasty, the Western calendar was introduced to China. (清朝时，西历传入中国。)”可知，文章只说西历传入中国，并没有说是王贞仪引进的，所以A项“将西历引入中国。”不是她的贡献，根据第四段中“Wang argued for its adoption because it was based on the movement of the Sun. (王主张采用这种方法（西历），因为它是基于太阳的运动。)”可知，B项“主张采用西历。”是她的贡献，根据倒数第二段中“To make math and science accessible to common people, she spent years publishing articles hoping to make these ancient and poorly understood concepts easier to digest. (为了让数学和科学更容易为普通人所接受，她花了数年时间发表文章，希望让这些古老而难以理解的概念更容易消化。)”可知，C项“将复杂的理论转化为简单的概念。”是她的贡献，根据第三段“After consulting decades of
astronomical records, she used a lamp, a mirror and a round table to respectively symbolize the Sun, the Moon and the Earth. By moving the objects around, she was able to show that a lunar eclipse happened when the Moon passed directly behind the Earth and moved into its shadow.(在查阅了几十年的天文记录后，她用一盏灯、一面镜子和一张圆桌分别代表太阳、月亮和地球。通过移动物体，她能够表明月食发生时，月球正好经过地球后面，并移动到它的阴影。)”可知，D项“用简单的日常用品解释月食。”是她的贡献，故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In 1994, the International Astronomical Union named a crater (环形山) on Venus after her.( 1994年，国际天文联会以她的名字命名了金星上的一个陨石坑。)”可知，金星上的一个陨石坑是以王贞仪的名字命名的，以这种方式来激励后代向王贞仪学习，故选C。

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