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高考阅读理解法宝同义替换
1.同义替换
(1)名词
①担忧: worry→concern
②建议: suggestion→proposal
③影响: influence→impact
④目标: target→goal, aim, purpose
⑤难题: problem→issue
⑥机会: chance→opportunity
⑦垃圾: litter→rubbish; garbage; trash
⑧ 发 展: development→ advance, progress, growth, improvement
⑨住所: house→shelter
⑩困难: difficulty→barrier, challenge, trouble
人: people→individual, person, human
优势: advantage→virtue, benefit, strength
老人: old people→the aged, the elderly, the senior
缺陷: disadvantage→drawback, weakness
干旱: with no rain at all→drought
方法: method→way, approach
地区: district→zone, place, region, area
财富,财产: wealth→fortune, property
高速公路: expressway→freeway
原因: reason→factor
故事: tale→story
好运: luck→fortune
渴望: eagerness→desire
联系;关联: connection→link
革新: revolution→innovation
画像: picture→image
高兴: joy→entertainment
短缺: shortage→lack
(2)动词
①减轻: ease→relieve
②提倡: propose→advocate
③讨厌: hate→dislike, be fed up with, be bored with
④鼓励,激发: encourage→motivate
⑤对……感兴趣: be interested in→be caught up in, be crazy about, be fond of, be attracted to
⑥阻止: prevent→stop
⑦充分利用: make full use of→make the most/best of, take advantage of
⑧相似: look like→resemble
⑨完成: accomplish→achieve, finish
⑩抵挡: stand up to→resist, oppose
处理: deal with→handle
采取措施: take action→take measures, take steps
加速: speed up→accelerate
出发去某地: set off for→head for, leave for
降低至: fall to→decline to, decrease to, drop to
要求: request→demand, require
消除: clear→remove
确保: ensure→guarantee, make sure
给予: give→offer, provide, supply
保持: keep→maintain
导致: lead to→cause, give rise to, result in, bring
暴露: reveal→expose
提高: improve→enhance, promote
改变: change→transform
与 有联系: connect with→associate with
建立: build→establish, set up
得到: get→acquire, obtain, receive, earn
拥有: have→possess, own
感谢: thank→appreciate
表达: express→convey
解决: solve→deal with, resolve
帮助: help→assist, aid
确信: make sure→ensure
认为: think→consider, believe, insist, hold
损害: damage→hurt, injure, harm, destroy
保护: protect→secure, preserve
致力于: be devoted to→be committed to
展示: show→reveal, illustrate, present
允许某人做某事: give sb. permission to do sth.→allow sb. to do sth.
预订: book→reserve
推迟: put off→delay
转换: switch→transform, shift
禁止: forbid→ban, prohibit
区分: tell sth./sb. apart→distinguish
由 构成: be made up of→be composed of, consist of
维持: sustain→support, maintain
承 担 责任: shoulder/undertake one's duty→be responsible for, take responsibility
增加: be on the rise→increase, multiply
尽力做某事: do sth. to the best of one's ability→try one's best to do sth. , spare no effort to do sth., make every effort to do sth.
专心致志于: put one’s heart into→be absorbed in, be bent on, be buried in
51.发生: take place→occur
52.坚持: stick to→persevere
53.计划: plan→intend
54.促使: contribute→push, drive
55.重建: rebuild→restart
56.把……归咎于: put... down to→blame
57.更关心: cake more about→pay close attention to
58.容纳: accommodate→hold
59.希望: want→desire
60.减少: reduce→cut, save
61.开设: start→run
62.集中(注意力): concentrate→focus
(3)形容词
①乏味的: boring→dull, tiresome
②害怕的: afraid→frightened, scared
③出名的: famous→well-known
④显然的: obvious→apparent, evident, clear
⑤严重的: serious→severe
⑥有益的: useful→helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding
⑦新的: new→fresh, brand new, novel
⑧粗鲁的: rude→impolite
⑨怀疑的: doubtful→skeptical
⑩快速的: fast→speedy
最便宜的: the least expensive→the cheapest
许多: many→a sea of, an ocean of, abundant, numerous
巨大的: big→enormous, vast, massive, huge
聪明的: clever→smart, gifted, sharp-minded
好的: good→fantastic, outstanding, remarkable
穷的: in poverty→poor, needy
悲伤的: sad→depressed, frustrated, disappointed
重要的: important→significant, essential, critical, vital, crucial
基本的: fundamental→basic, essential
神圣的: sacred→holy
充足的; 富裕的: rich → plentiful, generous, abundant
少量的: a small number of →a handful of
主要的: primary→main
合理的: reasonable→sensible, sound
勇敢的: brave→fearless, courageous
开心的: happy→cheerful, delightful, thrilled
艰难的: difficult→tough, challenging
有害的: harmful→damaging
传统的: traditional→conventional
生气的: angry→annoyed
最初的: initial→original
疲劳的: worn→tired, exhausted
普通的;平常的: ordinary→common
惊奇的: surprised→amazed
进一步的: follow-up→next
棘手的: tough→complex
(4)副词
①非常: very→extremely, intensely
②最后: finally→eventually, ultimately
③起先: firstly→originally, initially
④大约: approximately→almost, about, around, nearly, roughly
⑤肯定地: certainly→definitely, undoubtedly, obviously, apparently
⑥经常,总是: frequently→constantly, always
⑦立刻: right now→immediately, shortly, right away
⑧事实上: as a matter of fact→practically, in practice, in reality, in effect, in fact
⑨平稳地: steadily→smoothly
⑩决不,从不: never→on no account, at no time, under no circumstances
偶尔,有时: now and then→at times, occasionally
很少: rarely→seldom
每天: day in and day out→every day
缓慢地,轻微地: slightly→slowly, mildly, gently
仅仅: only→merely
完全地: totally→absolutely, completely
目前: at present→nowadays, recently
急剧地: dramatically→sharply
(5)其他替换
①我认为: in my opinion→personally, from my perspective
②关于: with regard to→as for
③虽然: despite/regardless of the fact that→although/though
④同时: at the same time→meanwhile, in the meantime
⑤因为: on account of the fact that→because
⑥对比: on the other hand→by contrast, on the contrary
⑦此外: in addition→besides, furthermore, moreover

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