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临汾市2024年高考考前适应性训练考试(二)
英语
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分，不计入总分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.15. C. 9.18.
答案是B。
1. How much did the woman pay for the copier
A.$130. B.$160. C. $ 190.
2. What kind of place are the speakers probably talking about
A. A theatre. B. A stadium. C. An apartment.
3. How will the woman go to Seattle
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car.
4. What will the man probably do tonight
A. Attend a meeting. B. Return the tickets. C. Watch a movie.
5. What will the woman do next Monday
A. Visit Mr. Thomas. B. Do some shopping. C. Visit Bill.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the man lose his wallet
A. In a restaurant. B. On the beach. C. In the taxi.
7. How did the man feel about his vacation
A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Satisfied.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the woman’s job
A. A bookstore clerk. B. A journalist. C. A librarian.
9. What kind of books does the man like best
A. Adventure books. B. Historical novels. C. Biographies.
10. Where does the man get most of the books to read
A. In the library. B. On the Internet. C. In the bookstore.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think of the man
A. Hesitant. B. Enthusiastic. C. Careless.
12. What have the man’s parents often told him
A. He must get along well with his teachers and students.
B. He should take part in some social work actively.
C. He should spend most of his time and energy on study.
3. Who made the man change his mind
A. His teachers. B. His students. C. His family.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers
A. Couple. B. Neighbors. C. Schoolmates.
15. What places does the woman want to visit
A. The Tower of London and the Thames River.
B. The Tower of London and the Wax Museum.
C. The Thames River and the Wax Museum.
16. How will the two speakers tour London
A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By tourist bus.
17. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The speakers both come from Scotland.
B. The man likes Beckham and Yao Ming.
C. The speakers only have 24 hours in London.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why do people save the whales
A. They stop people from other fish’s attack.
B. They can help balance plants with animals.
C. They will die out in the near future.
19. How does people’s waste influence the seas or oceans
A. It produces some harmful things to the whales in them.
B. It provides food for fish living in them.
C. It increases the amount of salt in them.
20. What does the speaker tell us in the end
A. Some plants in the seas can be harmful to fish.
B. Wastes aren’t harmful to all kinds of fish.
C. Fish are main food for the whales.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From displays of budding local creative minds to famous artists, airports are stepping up their game to share more of what their city is known for within the terminal. Visit our site and the most surprising, engaging, and inspiring art museums within an airport are just a click away.
Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport
Ancient Greece travels to you when you arrive at Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. Before security, travelers can explore 172 pieces of archaeological artifacts from the Neolithic and Early Helladie to the Post-Byzantine period. Some of the pieces were actually uncovered during the construction of the airport. Even those not traveling through the airport can explore the displays thanks to an online 3D gallery.
Doha Hamad Airport
Social media enthusiasts have surely seen people posing for photos with the famous yellow “Lamp Bear” inside Doha Hamad Airport. You’ll also find 10 other giant statues and displays within the terminal. These include “A Message of Peace to the World,” a striking sculpture honoring the work of a local nonprofit organization, Reach out to Asia, that supports education in underprivileged Asian countries. The carefully-selected art on display is a cooperation between the airport and Qatar Museums.
Seoul Incheon Airport
Beyond traditional pieces of art, Seoul Incheon Airport takes things a step further by offering interactive experiences and classes for travelers. Within the airport is a branch of the National Museum of Korea exhibiting many pieces from its collection. There are rotating (轮流的) exhibits that allow frequent travelers to see a different selection of local artifacts and art pieces on different visits. There are traditional music concerts, ancient relic exhibitions and contemporary art displays.
Singapore Changi Airport
You may have seen the famous Jewel at Changi Airport in Singapore with its garden-enveloped waterfall. It is part of a larger shopping complex that encourages visitors, including those that are not traveling. Besides, there is other museum - quality art to explore like magnificent sculptures suspended from the ceiling, paintings lining the walls and even a rotating propeller (螺旋桨) that looks like a blossoming flower.
1. Which airport’s artworks can be appreciated both physically and virtually
A. Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. B. Doha Hamad Airport.
C. Seoul Incheon Airport. D. Singapore Changi Airport.
2. What do Doha Hamad Airport and Singapore Changi Airport have in common
A. They support charity causes. B. They boast splendid sculptures.
C. They cooperate with local museums. D. They possess large shopping malls.
3. Where can the text possibly be found
A. In an art magazine. B. On a travel website.
C. In a geography textbook. D. In a museum guidebook.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了几个分享艺术的机场。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport部分中“Ancient Greece travels to you when you arrive at Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. (当你到达雅典Eleftherios Venizelos机场时，古希腊就在你身边.)”和“Even those not traveling through the airport can explore the displays thanks to an online 3D gallery. (即使那些没有经过机场的人也可以通过在线3D画廊来探索这些展示.)”可知，雅典Eleftherios Venizelos机场可以亲身到场参观，也可以通过虚拟方式参观，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Doha Hamad Airport部分中“You’ll also find 10 other giant statues and displays within the terminal. These include ‘A Message of Peace to the World,’ a striking sculpture (您还可以在航站楼内找到其他10个巨型雕像和展品。其中包括‘Message of Peace to World’这是一座引人注目的雕塑)”和Singapore Changi Airport部分中“Besides, there is other museum-quality art to explore like magnificent sculptures suspended from the ceiling, paintings lining the walls and even a rotating propeller (螺旋桨) that looks like a blossoming flower. (此外，还有其他博物馆级别的艺术值得探索，比如悬挂在天花板上的宏伟雕塑，墙壁上的绘画，甚至还有一个看起来像盛开的花朵的旋转螺旋桨。)”可知，两个机场的共同点是它们都有值得骄傲的宏伟雕塑，故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Visit our site and the most surprising, engaging, and inspiring art museums within an airport are just a click away. (只需点击一下，就可访问我们的网站和机场内最令人惊讶、最吸引人、最鼓舞人心的艺术博物馆。)”可知，文章主要介绍了几个分享艺术的机场，应是出自一个旅行网站，故选B。
B
I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend — both she and her dog were actively turning the pages — and with every page turned, she looked down at her dog, lovingly. As a longtime educator of toddlers and a current PhD student studying transitional phenomena and object relations, I have had the pleasure to witness the presence of transitional objects in the kindergarten.
The term transitional object, coined in 195l by D.W. Winnicott, refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships. It is typically something soft, such as a blanket or a soft toy, that is similar to the mother’s warm arms.
It may also be the subject of the child’s fantasies, for example where a teddy bear is spoken to, hugged, punished, etc. It thus becomes a tool for practicing interaction with the external world. Moreover, the transitional object supports the development of the self, as it is used to represent ‘not me’. By looking at the object, the child knows that it is not the object and hence something individual and separate. in this way, it helps the child develop its sense of ‘other’ things.
If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. The object allows for and invites emotional well-being, and without such an object, true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world. Worse still, the object is intimately bound up with the identity of the child. Taking away the object is also taking away something of the child itself.
Winnicott noted that transitional objects continue through the course of our lives, as “sacred monuments” which pull us back to “a place and time of great comfort and memory”. The attachment to certain objects like self photographs defines both memorials, and more importantly a stale of connection and presence in the world.
4. How does the writer introduce the topic
A. By sharing feelings. B. By illustrating a term.
C. By relating an experience. D. By providing background information.
5. What does the term “transitional objects” refer to according to the passage
A. Tools used by educators to aid teaching.
B. Items to which a child becomes deeply attached.
C. Toys designed to amuse kids in the kindergarten.
D. Expensive personal possessions gifted by parents.
6. What might happen if a child’s transitional object is denied
A. Ho might lose his imagination.
B. He may become more independent.
C. He is less likely to share personal feelings.
D. He probably distances himself from his mother.
7. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To introduce how to develop a sense of ‘other’ things.
B. To do research on the psychological development of kids.
C. To show how to enhance the bond between mother and child.
D. To stress the importance of transitional objects to children.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了“过度客体”及其对孩子的重要性。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend — both she and her dog were actively turning the pages —and with every page turned, she looked down at her dog, lovingly. As a longtime educator of toddlers and a current PhD student studying transitional phenomena and object relations, I have had the pleasure to witness the presence of transitional objects in the kindergarten. (我注意到一个孩子抱着她心爱的玩具狗给她的朋友读书——她和她的狗都在积极地翻页——每翻一页，她都低头看着她的狗，充满爱意。作为一名长期的幼儿教育工作者和一名研究过渡现象和客体关系的博士生，我很高兴地目睹了幼儿园中过渡客体的存在。)”可知，作者由自己看到的景象引出本文主题——“过度客体”，因此是通过将自己的经历相联系而介绍主题，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The term transitional object, coined in 195l by D.W. Winnicott, refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships. (‘过渡客体’一词是由D.W. Winnicott在1951年创造的，指的是儿童赋予特殊价值的任何材料，通过这种材料，儿童能够从最早的与母亲的口头关系转变为真正的客体关系。)”和第四段中“If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. (如果对象以任何方式被拒绝，在以后的生活中可能会出现依恋困难。)”可知，“过度客体”是指孩子赋予其特殊价值并深深依恋的东西，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. The object allows for and invites emotional well-being, and without such an object, true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world. (如果对象以任何方式被拒绝，在以后的生活中可能会出现依恋困难。对象允许并邀请情感健康，没有这样的对象，真实的感受可能会被隐藏或忽视，因为孩子没有其他方法来应对和理解世界。)”可知，如果孩子的“过度客体”被拒绝，他就不太可能分享个人感受，故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Winnicott noted that transitional objects continue through the course of our lives, as “sacred monuments” which pull us back to “a place and time of great comfort and memory”. The attachment to certain objects like self photographs defines both memorials, and more importantly a stale of connection and presence in the world. ( Winnicott指出，过渡客体在我们的生活中一直存在，就像‘神圣的纪念碑’，把我们拉回到‘一个非常舒适和记忆的地方和时间’。对某些物品的依恋，如自拍照，既定义了纪念，更重要的是，定义了与世界的联系和存在的陈腐。)”可知，文章介绍了“过度客体”及其对孩子的重要性，故本文目的是强调过渡客体对儿童的重要性，故选D。
C
Pullman is a superb writer and Seagull is a brilliant communicator. They had a debate after Seagull posted a question on his social media platform: “When you were trying to create an environment for learning, what were your best pieces of classical music to listen to ” He received hundreds of suggestions — and one negative reply, from Pullman: “That’s not what classical music is for. Treat it with respect.”
That did it! Everyone — professional musicians, students, teachers — weighed into the argument, and the majority supported Seagull and were criticizing Pullman.
It’s easy to see why people are annoyed. We all want classical music to be as accessible as possible, especially to the young. If some of them are using Bach or Schubert as a tool to help them study, what’s the problem They may also develop an attachment to classical music.
So is Pullman ridiculous and supercilious by objecting to classical music being used as background music At first sight, his idea seems stuffy and extreme. By suggesting that classical music should be “treated with respect” and not used as background music, Pullman seems to be closing classical music of to millions of people.
It’s worth pointing out, however, that he isn’t the first to express concerns about classical music being devalued by becoming too commonplace in today’s technologically shaped world. In Benjamin Britten’s 1964 speech, the composer expressed exactly the same worries as Pullman. Britten suggested, “The true musical experience demands some preparation, some effort, a journey to a special place, saving up for a ticket, some homework perhaps”. In short, it demands as much effort from listeners as from composers and performers.
I don’t agree with such an extreme viewpoint, but I do think it touches on a reality. You will never fully grasp the beauty of classical music if you half-hear it only in the background. That doesn’t necessarily matter. Music can be enjoyed on many levels. What Pullman and Britten are really saying is that, in a drive for “accessibility”, we shouldn’t deny the emotional and intellectual complexity underpinning (构成) much classical music.
8. What did Seagull’s posting result in
A. Great admiration for Seagull.
B. Public criticism of classical music.
C. A discussion about learning environments.
D. An argument over the role of classical music.
9. What does the underlined word “supercilious” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Self-important. B. Open-minded. C. Impatient. D. Considerate.
10. Why is the Benjamin Britten’s 1964 speech mentioned
A To show his affection for classical music.
B. To introduce young people to classical music.
C. To demonstrate classical music is demanding.
D. To support Pullman’s idea over classical music.
11. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to Pullman’s idea
A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Uninterested.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了古典音乐的应用场景和价值，以及对于将古典音乐用作背景音乐的不同观点。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Pullman is a superb writer and Seagull is a brilliant communicator. They had a debate after Seagull posted a question on his social media platform: “When you were trying to create an environment for learning, what were your best pieces of classical music to listen to ” He received hundreds of suggestions — and one negative reply, from Pullman: “That’s not what classical music is for. Treat it with respect.”(普尔曼是一位杰出的作家，而Seagull是一位才华横溢的沟通者。Seagull在他的社交媒体平台上发布了一个问题后，他们进行了一场辩论：“当你试图创造一个学习环境时，你听过的最好的古典音乐是什么？”他收到了数百条建议，但也有普尔曼的一条负面回复：“那不是古典音乐的用途。请尊重它。”)”以及第二段“That did it! Everyone — professional musicians, students, teachers — weighed into the argument, and the majority supported Seagull and were criticizing Pullman.(这引起了轰动！所有人，包括专业音乐家、学生、老师，都参与了这场争论，大多数人支持Seagull并批评普尔曼)”可知，Seagull发帖的结果是引起了关于古典音乐作用的争论。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“ridiculous and”可知，supercilious和ridiculous (荒谬的)并列，为贬义词，以及后文“At first sight, his idea seems stuffy and extreme. By suggesting that classical music should be “treated with respect” and not used as background music, Pullman seems to be closing classical music of to millions of people.(乍一看，他的想法似乎很古板且极端。普尔曼建议应该“尊重”古典音乐，而不是将其用作背景音乐，这似乎让数百万人无法接触古典音乐)”可知，普尔曼认为需要尊重古典音乐，所以推知普尔曼认为将古典音乐作为背景音乐是荒谬和傲慢的，supercilious为“傲慢”之意，和A项“妄自尊大的”意思相近。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It’s worth pointing out, however, that he isn’t the first to express concerns about classical music being devalued by becoming too commonplace in today’s technologically shaped world. In Benjamin Britten’s 1964 speech, the composer expressed exactly the same worries as Pullman. Britten suggested, “The true musical experience demands some preparation, some effort, a journey to a special place, saving up for a ticket, some homework perhaps”. In short, it demands as much effort from listeners as from composers and performers.(然而，值得一提的是，他并不是第一个对古典音乐因在今天这个科技塑造的世界中变得过于普通而被贬值表示担忧的人。在1964年的演讲中，作曲家本杰明·布里顿表达了与普尔曼完全相同的担忧。布里顿说：“真正的音乐体验需要一些准备，一些努力，前往一个特殊的地方，攒钱买门票，也许还要做一些功课。”简而言之，它要求听众和作曲家以及表演者付出同样多的努力)”可知，作者提到了本杰明·布里顿1964年的演讲，是为了支持普尔曼对古典音乐的看法。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I don’t agree with such an extreme viewpoint, but I do think it touches on a reality. You will never fully grasp the beauty of classical music if you half-hear it only in the background. That doesn’t necessarily matter. Music can be enjoyed on many levels. What Pullman and Britten are really saying is that, in a drive for “accessibility”, we shouldn’t deny the emotional and intellectual complexity underpinning (构成) much classical music.(我不同意这种极端的观点，但我认为它触及了一个现实。如果你只是在背景中半听，你将永远无法完全领略古典音乐的美。不过这也不一定重要。音乐可以在很多层面上被欣赏。普尔曼和布里顿真正想说的是，在追求“可访问性”的过程中，我们不应该否认许多古典音乐所构成的情感和智力上的复杂性)”可知，作者既不同意普尔曼极端的观点，但是也不认为将古典音乐作为背景音乐是合适的，因为你将永远无法完全领略古典音乐的美，所以他的态度是客观的。故选C项。
D
Not much trash and almost no plastic actually gets recycled. About a third of U.S. garbage gets recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency’s most recent estimate. The rest goes to landfills, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and pollute their surroundings.
To make recycling easier, many U.S. cities don’t ask Americans to separate paper, glass, metal and plastic. ‘They just ask people to put anything recyclable into one bin and let waste plants do the sorting. But waste plants don’t catch everything. AI is now an essential tool for the world’s waste management leaders. Greyparrot, a tech company has already installed more than l00 AI trash spotters in about 50 sorting facilities.
Greyparrot’s device is, basically, a set of visual and infrared (红外线的) cameras hooked up to a computer, which monitors trash as it passes by on a conveyor belt and labels it under 70 categories, from loose bottle caps to books to aluminum cans. Waste plants could connect these AI systems to sorting robots to help them separate trash from recyclables more accurately. They could also use the AI as a quality control system to measure how well they’re sorting trash from recyclables. That could help plant managers adjust their production lines to cover more recyclables, or cheek that a bundle of recyclables is free of pollutants, which would allow them to sell at a higher price.
In the next few years, some recycling companies plan to retrofit (改良) thousands of material- recovery facilities with Al trash - spotting tools. Of these companies, Bollegraaf has built thousands of these facilities, including 340 in North America, accounting for a majority of the recovery plants in the world.
The trash-spotting computers could one day help regulators punish companies that produce tsunamis of non - recyclable packaging because the AI systems are so accurate that they can identify the brands on individual items. Putting the AI tools in thousands of waste plants can raise recycling percentage. If the needle can be moved by even 5 to 10 percent, that would be a phenomenal outcome for greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact.
12. What does the author want to show in paragraph 1
A. People pay little attention to environmental protection.
B. Greenhouse gas is a major contributor to air pollution.
C. Americans show little enthusiasm for recycling.
D. All trash has not been recycled in the US.
13. How does Greyparrot’s AI system work
A. By working with sorting robots.
B. By adjusting the production line.
C. By monitoring the conveyor belt.
D. By controlling cameras in a computer.
14. What can he inferred about AI tools in the last two paragraphs
A. They are well received.
B. They are highly profitable.
C. They have unpredictable prospect.
D. They present a challenge for regulators.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The Use of the Useless
B. AI Assistants in Recycling
C. A Pressing Trash Issue in US
D. AI Tools with Great Potential
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了在垃圾处理中，一种灰鹦鹉人工智能系统能更准确、高效地与机器人合作帮助可回收物进行回收利用。
12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Not much trash and almost no plastic actually gets recycled. About a third of U.S. garbage gets recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency’s most recent estimate.(没有多少垃圾，几乎没有塑料被回收利用。根据美国环境保护署(Environmental Protection Agency)的最新估计，美国约有三分之一的垃圾得到了回收)”可知，在美国，并非所有垃圾都被回收利用。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Greyparrot’s device is, basically, a set of visual and infrared(红外线的)cameras hooked up to a computer, which monitors trash as it passes by on a conveyor belt and labels it under 70 categories, from loose bottle caps to books to aluminum cans. Waste plants could connect these AI systems to sorting robots to help them separate trash from recyclables more accurately.(Greyparrot的设备基本上是一套与电脑相连的视觉和红外摄像头，它可以监控传送带上经过的垃圾，并将其分为70个类别，从松散的瓶盖到书籍再到铝罐。垃圾处理厂可以将这些人工智能系统与分类机器人连接起来，帮助它们更准确地将垃圾与可回收物分开)”可知，灰鹦鹉人工智能系统通过与分拣机器人合作将垃圾与可回收物分开。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“In the next few years, some recycling companies plan to retrofit(改良)thousands of material- recovery facilities with Al trash - spotting tools. Of these companies, Bollegraaf has built thousands of these facilities, including 340 in North America, accounting for a majority of the recovery plants in the world.(在接下来的几年里，一些回收公司计划用人工智能垃圾定位工具改造数千个材料回收设施。在这些公司中，Bollegraaf已经建造了数千个这样的设施，其中包括北美的340个，占世界上回收工厂的大部分)”及最后一段“The trash-spotting computers could one day help regulators punish companies that produce tsunamis of non - recyclable packaging because the AI systems are so accurate that they can identify the brands on individual items. Putting the AI tools in thousands of waste plants can raise recycling percentage.(有一天，垃圾识别电脑可能会帮助监管机构惩罚那些生产大量不可回收包装的公司，因为人工智能系统非常准确，可以识别单个物品上的品牌。将人工智能工具放入数千个垃圾处理厂可以提高回收率)”可推知，在垃圾处理方面，AI技术已经投入使用，且由于其准确性，高效性，很受欢迎。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“AI is now an essential tool for the world’s waste management leaders. Greyparrot, a tech company has already installed more than l00 AI trash spotters in about 50 sorting facilities.(人工智能现在是世界废物管理领导者的重要工具。科技公司Greyparrot已经在大约50个分类设施中安装了100多台人工智能垃圾检测仪)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了在垃圾处理中，一种AI技术灰鹦鹉人工智能系统能更准确、高效地与机器人合作帮助可回收物进行回收利用。B选项“人工智能辅助回收”适合作为最佳标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nervous laughter is a way for your body to relieve tension or serves as a defense mechanism to beat painful emotions. But it becomes a problem when it causes rifts (不和) in relationships or makes others uncomfortable. ___16___As with any habit, it won’t change overnight. However, it’s possible to retrain your patterns.
____17____Any time you feel a nervous laugh bubbling up, try one of these behaviors instead: a slow triple nod, whispering ahh or hmmm as you listen or are with someone. This will give your body something to do to displace the nervous laughter.
As you become aware of your nervous laughter habit and pattern, try to identify what purpose it is serving and what is triggering (触发) it. Do you laugh to relieve tension Are you filling the silence when you don’t understand what someone has said to you ____18____In this step of reflection, journaling or talking with a trusted individual may be helpful.
Once you’ve found what is triggering your nervous laughter, set an intention for how you will redirect your nervous energy in that instance.____19____For example, if your manager gives you constructive feedback, then you can remind yourself he is giving you an opportunity for growth rather than telling you that you’re bad at your job.
Practicing empathy is of great help. Its goal is to share the feelings of the person you’re speaking with. This can help you focus less on how uncomfortable you feel and more on how frightened, puzzled or sad he may feel. To do this, ask open questions that don’t assume an answer. ____20____
A. Once you know why, try to avoid it.
B. Is there any hope for overcoming it
C. Play around with “if-then” s to help you.
D. Is it a way of avoiding a negative emotional slate
E. Replace nervous laughter with a positive nonverbal.
F. This will help you achieve a more profound understanding.
G. The problem can affect connection and relationship building.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何克服紧张笑声的方法，包括替换紧张笑声为积极的非言语行为、识别紧张笑声的触发因素和目的，并制定意图来重新定向紧张的能量。
16题详解】
根据前文“Nervous laughter is a way for your body to relieve tension or serves as a defense mechanism to beat painful emotions. But it becomes a problem when it causes rifts (不和) in relationships or makes others uncomfortable.(紧张的笑是你的身体缓解紧张的一种方式，或者作为一种防御机制来击败痛苦的情绪。但当它导致人际关系破裂或让别人不舒服时，它就成了一个问题)”前文强调紧张的笑会成为问题，结合后文“As with any habit, it won’t change overnight. However, it’s possible to retrain your patterns.(与任何习惯一样，它不会在一夜之间改变。然而，重新训练你的模式是可能的)”可知，紧张的笑是需要克服的。所以B项“Is there any hope for overcoming it (有希望克服它吗 )”承接上文，下文是对本问题的回答，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Any time you feel a nervous laugh bubbling up, try one of these behaviors instead: a slow triple nod, whispering ahh or hmmm as you listen or are with someone. This will give your body something to do to displace the nervous laughter.(任何时候，当你感到一阵紧张的笑声涌上心头时，试着用下面的一种方式来代替：慢慢地点头三次，在听别人说话或和别人在一起时轻声说啊或嗯。这会让你的身体有事可做，来取代紧张的笑声)”可知，本段讲述了用别的动作来代替笑声，所以E项“Replace nervous laughter with a positive nonverbal.(用积极的非语言语言代替紧张的笑声)”符合本段主题。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“As you become aware of your nervous laughter habit and pattern, try to identify what purpose it is serving and what is triggering (触发) it. Do you laugh to relieve tension Are you filling the silence when you don’t understand what someone has said to you (当你意识到你紧张的笑习惯和模式时，试着确定它的目的是什么，是什么引发了它。你用笑来缓解紧张吗 当你不明白别人对你说的话时，你是否在填补沉默 )”可知，此处讲述找出导致你紧张的笑的原因，作者用提问的方式来叙述，所以D项“Is it a way of avoiding a negative emotional slate (这是一种避免消极情绪的方式吗 )”符合此处主题，承接上文。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Once you’ve found what is triggering your nervous laughter, set an intention for how you will redirect your nervous energy in that instance.(一旦你发现是什么引发了你紧张的笑声，设定一个目标，在这种情况下你如何重新引导你的紧张能量)”可知，此处讲述要重新引导你的紧张能量，后文“For example, if your manager gives you constructive feedback, then you can remind yourself he is giving you an opportunity for growth rather than telling you that you’re bad at your job.(例如，如果你的经理给了你建设性的反馈，那么你就可以提醒自己，他是在给你一个成长的机会，而不是告诉你你的工作做得不好)”可知，是在具体举例，所以空处应是提出了一个方法，C项“Play around with “if-then” s to help you.(使用“如果-那么”来帮助你)”符合文意，提出一种方法，后文是对其举例。故选C项。
20题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，根据前文“Practicing empathy is of great help. Its goal is to share the feelings of the person you’re speaking with. This can help you focus less on how uncomfortable you feel and more on how frightened, puzzled or sad he may feel. To do this, ask open questions that don’t assume an answer.(练习同理心很有帮助。它的目的是分享与你交谈的人的感受。这可以帮助你少关注自己的不舒服，多关注他可能感到的害怕、困惑或悲伤。要做到这一点，问一些不预设答案的开放性问题)”可知，空处应陈述这种方法的好处，F项“This will help you achieve a more profound understanding.(这将帮助你获得更深刻的理解)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was a rising high school junior in the summer of 2021, when I took Philosophy 101 at Lehmon College, a ___21___that allows New York City public school students to earn credits. Why philosophy ____22____, I chose it on impulse (一时冲动). I expected this course to be interesting. I didn’t expect this class, which____23____me to the words and works of Socrates, Plato and other moral philosophers, to change my____24____to college education.
But that’s what____25____. During the second week of class, when we____26____the work of Socrates, I read Socrates’ words, “The unexamined life is no life for a human being to live”. My eyes____27____in surprise and my posture was fixed. I read these words over and over until my professor broke my trance (出神、发呆), “Could anyone in the class interpret the___28___ of Socrates’ words ”
Then I did my best to explain that the wise philosopher was making a____29____on how we should live. To me, this meant getting____30____about all aspects of yourself, putting yourself in academic, social and cultural spaces that will___31___ your world view, and being open to personal growth along the way.
After reflecting on the words even after the course was over, I realized Socrates was____32____meaningful life means a(n)____33____to exploration. Being immersed in ideas such as Socrates’____34____me to think about the person I am. I began to see college as a place to gain knowledge and explore my interests,____35____just fulfill classes.
21.
A. interview B. survey C. camp D. course
22.
A. Generally B. Honestly C. Roughly D. Briefly
23.
A. recommended B. pushed C. introduced D. compared
24.
A. secret B. solution C. attitude D. behavior
25.
A. happened B. started C. worked D. ended
26.
A. made up B. put forward C. went through D. turned down
27.
A. widened B. clouded C. narrowed D. shut
28.
A. difference B. source C. meaning D. feature
29.
A. defence B. bet C. story D. claim
30.
A. scared B. curious C. confident D. confused
31.
A. satisfy B. challenge C. block D. expand
32.
A. right B. positive C. rigid D. cautious
33.
A. dignity B. commitment C. failure D. adjustment
34.
A. inspired B. forced C. forgave D. seized
35.
A. but B. simply C. even D. not
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了哲学课改变了自己对大学教育的态度，作者开始把大学看作是一个获取知识和探索兴趣的地方，而不仅仅是完成课程。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年夏天，我是一名即将升入高中的三年级学生，当时我在莱蒙学院上了哲学101课程，这是一门允许纽约市公立学校学生获得学分的课程。A. interview面试；B. survey调查；C. camp营地；D. course课程。根据下文“I expected this course to be interesting.(我原以为这门课会很有趣)”可知，此处指哲学课程，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：诚实地说，我一时冲动才选择它。A. Generally通常，一般地；B. Honestly诚实地；C. Roughly大约，粗略地；D. Briefly简要地，简短地。根据“I chose it on impulse (一时冲动)”可知，此处是描述作者选择这门课程的真实原因，honestly符合语境，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有想到这门课，它向我介绍了苏格拉底、柏拉图和其他道德哲学家的话语和作品，改变了我对大学教育的态度。A. recommended推荐；B. pushed推；C. introduced介绍；D. compared比较。结合“this class”以及空后“me to the words and works of Socrates, Plato and other moral philosophers”可知，此处指这门课使作者接触到很多哲学家的名言和作品，即它向作者介绍了这些，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. secret秘密；B. solution解决办法；C. attitude态度；D. behavior行为。根据上文“I expected this course to be interesting. I didn’t expect this class…”以及文章最后一句“I began to see college as a place to gain knowledge and explore my interests”可知，作者原本期望这门课会很有趣，但是没想到不是这样，作者开始把大学看作是一个获取知识和探索自己兴趣的地方，由此可知它改变了作者的对大学教育的态度，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是那就是所发生的事情。A. happened发生；B. started开始；C. worked工作；D. ended结束。上文“I didn’t expect this class, which ____3____ me to the words and works of Socrates, Plato and other moral philosophers, to change my ____4____ to college education.”提到作者在这门课程中意料之外的收获，下文对此具体展开介绍，故此处指这就是在这门课上所发生的事情，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在第二周的课上，当我们读到苏格拉底的作品时，我读到了苏格拉底的一句话：“未经审视的生活不是人类的生活”。A. made up组成；B. put forward提出；C. went through经历，通读；D. turned down拒绝。根据“I read Socrates’ words, ‘The unexamined life is no life for a human being to live’.”可知，此处指在课上读苏格拉底的作品，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地睁大了眼睛，一动不动。A. widened使变宽；B. clouded使模糊；C. narrowed使变窄；D. shut关闭。结合空后“in surprise”可知，作者惊讶得睁大了眼睛，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一遍又一遍地读这些话，直到我的教授打破了我的出神：“班上有谁能解释一下苏格拉底这句话的意思吗？”A. difference差异；B. source来源；C. meaning意思；D. feature特点。根据下文“Then I did my best to explain…”以及“To me, this meant…”可知，作者解释苏格拉底的名言，故此处老师是问谁能解释一下苏格拉底这句话的意思，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我尽力向他解释，这位睿智的哲学家是在对我们应该如何生活提出主张。A. defence防御；B. bet打赌；C. story故事；D. claim宣称，声明。根据下文“To me, this meant getting ____10____ about all aspects of yourself, putting yourself in academic, social and cultural spaces…”可知，作者认为这意味着对自己保持好奇，把自己置身于学术、社会和文化空间中，故此处指这位哲学家对于我们应该如何生活提出要求，make a claim“提出要求”，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这意味着要对自己的各个方面保持好奇，把自己置身于学术、社会和文化空间中，这将扩大你的世界观，并在此过程中对个人成长持开放态度。A. scared害怕的；B. curious好奇的；C. confident自信的；D. confused困惑的。根据“putting yourself in academic, social and cultural spaces”可知，把自己置身于学术、社会和文化空间中，即对自己的各个方面都保持好奇，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. satisfy使满意；B. challenge挑战；C. block堵塞；D. expand扩大。结合上文“putting yourself in academic, social and cultural spaces”可知，将自己置身于各个领域，应是会扩大自己的眼界，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在课程结束后回想这句话，我意识到苏格拉底是对的，有意义的生活意味着致力于探索。A. right正确的；B. positive积极的；C. rigid坚硬的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据下文“meaningful life means a(n) ____13____ to exploration”可知，作者感悟到有意义的生活意味着去探索，和上文苏格拉底的名言“The unexamined life is no life for a human being to live(未经审视的生活是不值得的)”意义一致，故作者认为他说的是对的，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dignity尊严；B. commitment奉献，致力于；C. failure失败；D. adjustment调整。根据上文作者自己对名言的理解“To me, this meant getting ____10____ about all aspects of yourself, putting yourself in academic, social and cultural spaces”可知，作者认为这句名言的意思是要对生活的各个方面保持好奇，探索各个方面，故此处指有意义的生活意味着致力于探索，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沉浸在苏格拉底这样的思想中，激发了我对自己的思考。A. inspired激发，启发；B. forced强迫；C. forgave原谅；D. seized抓住。结合空后“me to think about the person I am”可知，此处是说他的哲学思想给予作者的启发思考，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始把大学看作是一个获取知识和探索兴趣的地方，而不仅仅是完成课程。A. but只有；B. simply简单地，仅仅；C. even甚至；D. not不是。结合第一段中“to earn credits”以及空前“I began to see college as a place to gain knowledge and explore my interests”可知，作者一开始选择哲学课程是为了上完课程获得学分，现在开始把大学看作是一个获取知识和探索兴趣的地方，而不仅仅是完成课程，故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shortly after the silk and feather umbrellas became popular in China, their manufacturers managed ____36____ (discover) a new kind of material from wood paper, enabling the ____37____ (create) of highly stylized, decorative and lightweight umbrellas.
In addition to providing protection from sun and limited protection from rain, oil-paper umbrellas ____38____ (view) as symbols of wealth, and power in the past. During the height of umbrella popularity in China, you could easily recognize the owners by the designs and colors of their umbrellas—royal family members used yellow or red colors, ____39____ the wealthy carried blue. Even in today’s Chinese and Japanese society, umbrellas play ____40____ important role. They are one of the most essential items ____41____ (present) to newly -wed brides, symbolizing blessing, protection from evil spirits and wishes____42____ more babies.
The beauty of the Chinese paper umbrellas had ____43____ an impact on worldwide trends that their ____44____ (elegant) crafted materials and their canopy designs showcasing dragons, flowers, and landscapes quickly traveled via trade routes to distant Europe. Paper umbrellas today represent one of the best -known Chinese traditional exports, with businessmen selling them to ____45____ (passer-by) on streets worldwide.
【答案】36. to discover
37. creation
38. were viewed
39. while 40. an
41. presented
42. for 43. such
44. elegantly
45. passers-by
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。这篇文章详细说明了中国纸伞的历史、制作材料、设计风格、象征意义以及其在全球的影响。
36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在丝绸伞和羽毛伞在中国流行后不久，它们的制造商设法从木纸中发现了一种新的材料，从而能够制作出高度风格化、装饰性和轻质的伞。此处是固定搭配：manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”。故填to discover。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：在丝绸伞和羽毛伞在中国流行后不久，它们的制造商设法从木纸中发现了一种新的材料，从而能够制作出高度风格化、装饰性和轻质的伞。空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，create的名词形式是creation。故填creation。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：除了提供防晒和有限的防雨功能外，油纸伞在过去被视为财富和权力的象征。view为本句谓语，和主语oil – paper umbrellas之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语in the past可知，用一般过去时，主语为复数。故填were viewed。
【39题详解】
考查状语从句连词。句意：在伞在中国最流行的时候，你可以很容易地通过伞的设计和颜色来识别伞的主人——皇室成员使用黄色或红色，而富人则使用蓝色。根据句意和语境，“皇室成员使用黄色或红色的伞，而富裕的人则使用蓝色的伞”，这里需要用一个连词来表示两者之间的对比关系。因此，空白处应该填入一个表示对比的连词。在英文中，“while”是一个常用的表示对比的连词，用于连接两个对比的句子或从句。故填while。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：即使在今天的中国和日本社会，伞也扮演着重要的角色。此处是固定搭配：play an important role意为“起着重要的作用”。故填an。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是送给新婚新娘的最重要的物品之一，象征着祝福、驱邪和多生孩子的愿望。本句已有谓语动词are，所以present用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语items之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填presented。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：它们是送给新婚新娘的最重要的物品之一，象征着祝福、驱邪和多生孩子的愿望。此处是固定搭配：wish for意为“希望得到”。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国纸伞的美丽对世界潮流产生了如此大的影响，以至于它们优雅的制作材料和展示龙、花和风景的伞盖设计很快通过贸易路线传到了遥远的欧洲。此处是固定句型：such+名词+that意为“如此……以至于”。故填such。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国纸伞的美丽对世界潮流产生了如此大的影响，以至于它们优雅的制作材料和展示龙、花和风景的伞盖设计很快通过贸易路线传到了遥远的欧洲。空处修饰空后的形容词，用副词修饰。故填elegantly。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：如今，纸伞是中国最著名的传统出口产品之一，商人们在世界各地的街道上向路人出售。passer-by意为“路人”，为可数名词，根据句意，用复数形式。故填passers-by。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，因故不能观看下周六举办的世界乒乓球锦标赛，打算把票转赠给你的交换生朋友John。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.无法观看的原因；
2.建议其做好观看准备工作。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I am writing to inform you that I won’t be able to attend the World Table Tennis Championships next Saturday and I’d like to offer my ticket to you.
The reason why I can’t make it is that something urgent has come up and I have to take care of it. Therefore. I would like you to have my ticket as I know you are a big fan of table tennis. To ensure a smooth experience, it is advisable to prepare yourself by doing some research on the players and their backgrounds in advance, which will help you better understand the game and enjoy it more. Also, don’t forget to wear comfortable clothes and bring some snacks and drinks to enhance your experience. It promises to be a thrilling event, and I hope you’ll enjoy every moment of it.
Feel free to contact me if you need more details.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你因故不能观看下周六举办的世界乒乓球锦标赛，打算把票转赠给你的交换生朋友John，要求考生给他写一封邮件告知无法观看的原因以及建议其做好观看准备工作。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
为某人提供某物：offer sth. to sb.→provide sb. with sth.
因此：therefore→as a consequence
确保：ensure→make sure
提前：in advance→ahead of time
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Also, don’t forget to wear comfortable clothes and bring some snacks and drinks to enhance your experience.
拓展句：Also, don’t forget to wear comfortable clothes and bring some snacks and drinks, which will greatly enhance your experience.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing to inform you that I won’t be able to attend the World Table Tennis Championships next Saturday and I’d like to offer my ticket to you. (that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] To ensure a smooth experience, it is advisable to prepare yourself by doing some research on the players and their backgrounds in advance, which will help you better understand the game and enjoy it more. (which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I chewed on my pencil as I walked back and forth across my bedroom. What was I going to do It was bad enough that I was the new kid. But now I was sure to get laughed at by my classmates. How could my first homework be such a disaster
“My name is Anna, and this summer I...” I stopped. How could I stand in front of my class and say that I’d spent the entire summer handling something that most people don’t even like to talk about Poop (粪便). I’d spent three months shoveling (铲), collecting, and analyzing cow poop on my grandparents’ farm. I tried to think of a different adventure I could share. Maybe I could say I’d spent the summer on the Weather Control Team preventing floods.
“Time for dinner,” my mom called.
I walked slowly down the stairs and slid into my chair.
“You’ve been in your room since you came home from school,” Mom said. “What are you working on ”
I sighed. “I have to tell the class what I did this summer.”
My younger brother, Seymour, began to laugh uncontrollably. “No one will want to sit next to you after they hear you were covered in cow poop all summer!”
“OK, that’s enough, Seymour,” Dad said.
“Anna,” said Mom, putting green beans in a bowl, “be proud of the work we did this summer. Our planet would be in sad shape without scientists like your grandfather.”
It’s true that my grandfather does important work. He developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel. Using the poop is now easy, economical, and environmentally safe.
“I know, Mom,” I said, staring at my meatloaf. “But it’s not exactly something people want to hear about before lunch.”
That night I dreamed about more splendid adventures: cave diving in Mexico, hiking through the Amazon rainforest . . .
At school the next day, I bent over my desk, listening to each kid speak. My palms were sweaty, and the knot (结) in my stomach grew tighter.
“And that was my journey to Mount Everest,” Ember Adams said, finishing her report. She bowed and look her seat.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“It’s your turn, Anna,” the teacher said.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After class, some of my classmates approached me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
“It’s your turn, Anna.” the teacher said. I took a deep breath, slowly rose from the seat and dragged my legs towards the platform. Hands trembling. I began my narrative. “My name is Anna, and this summer I did something unusual. Can you make a guess ” Out of curiosity, my new classmates offered me various responses, but none of them hit the spot. Urged by my new friends, I unfolded the tale of my unique summer experience—dealing with cow poop on my grandparents’ farm. The instant the two words “cow poop” escaped my lips, whispers from the class came into my ears. I cleared my throat and continued, “But I’m proud of what I did.” Then I explained how my grandfather developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel, making using the poop easy, economical and environmentally safe. Suddenly, the whole room fell silent and they all listened to me attentively, eyes fixed on me. I could sense the envy in their eyes and my initial uneasiness was completely replaced by a sense of pride and fulfillment. After what seemed like centuries, I brought an end to my narrative. I was not laughed at instead, I was greeted by thunderous applause.
After class, some of my classmates approached me. For an instant, I was surrounded by numerous curious minds. They seemed to be really interested in the smelly cow poop and raced to inquire about everything to do with it. I patiently shared with them poop’s magic power and my grandfather’s anecdotes with the poop. Some of them even asked me if they could join me in the poop project, which was literally beyond my expectation. My job of dealing with poop didn’t put me to shame. It dawned on me that scientists like my grandfather do make a huge difference to the world that we live in. Additionally, it didn’t take a long time before I made new friends in my new class after my sharing of the extraordinary experience. A seed of hope was sown in my heart in secret—I made a resolution that I would try to be a scientist like my grandfather and do my part to help reshape our planet.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。“我”第二天在学校得告诉同学们“我”这个夏天都干了些什么。“我”祖父从事重要的工作，他发明了一种简单的方法，利用粪便作为燃料来源。“我”花了三个月的时间在“我”祖父母的农场里铲屎、收集和分析粪便。“我”很害怕同学因此嘲笑我。但最终“我”说出了事实，并且大家为我欢呼。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“‘轮到你了，安娜，’老师说。”可知，第一段可以描写“我”的心理活动，“我”对暑期活动的介绍。
②由第二段句首内容“下课后，我的一些同学走近我。”可知，第二段可以描写“我”讲完后大家的反应和“我”的感受。
2. 续写线索：轮到我—内心挣扎—讲述事实—为我欢呼—感到自豪
3.词汇激活
行为类
①深呼吸：take a deep breath/ breathe deeply
②提供：offer/provide
③站起：rise/stand up
情绪类
①自豪：pride/ dignity
②嫉妒：envy/jealousy
【点睛】[高分句型1]Then I explained how my grandfather developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel, making using the poop easy, economical and environmentally safe.(运用了how引导的宾语从句，不定式作定语以及现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]Some of them even asked me if they could join me in the poop project, which was literally beyond my expectation.(运用了if引导宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力1—5 BABCB 6—10 BCAAB 11—15 BCACB 16—20 CABCA临汾市2024年高考考前适应性训练考试(二)
英语
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分，不计入总分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.15. C. 9.18.
答案是B。
1. How much did the woman pay for the copier
A.$130. B.$160. C. $ 190.
2. What kind of place are the speakers probably talking about
A. A theatre. B. A stadium. C. An apartment.
3. How will the woman go to Seattle
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car.
4. What will the man probably do tonight
A. Attend a meeting. B. Return the tickets. C. Watch a movie.
5. What will the woman do next Monday
A. Visit Mr. Thomas. B. Do some shopping. C. Visit Bill.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the man lose his wallet
A. In a restaurant. B. On the beach. C. In the taxi.
7. How did the man feel about his vacation
A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Satisfied.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the woman’s job
A. A bookstore clerk. B. A journalist. C. A librarian.
9. What kind of books does the man like best
A. Adventure books. B. Historical novels. C. Biographies.
10. Where does the man get most of the books to read
A. In the library. B. On the Internet. C. In the bookstore.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think of the man
A. Hesitant. B. Enthusiastic. C. Careless.
12. What have the man’s parents often told him
A. He must get along well with his teachers and students.
B. He should take part in some social work actively.
C. He should spend most of his time and energy on study.
3. Who made the man change his mind
A. His teachers. B. His students. C. His family.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers
A. Couple. B. Neighbors. C. Schoolmates.
15. What places does the woman want to visit
A. The Tower of London and the Thames River.
B. The Tower of London and the Wax Museum.
C The Thames River and the Wax Museum.
16. How will the two speakers tour London
A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By tourist bus.
17. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The speakers both come from Scotland.
B. The man likes Beckham and Yao Ming.
C. The speakers only have 24 hours in London.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why do people save the whales
A. They stop people from other fish’s attack.
B. They can help balance plants with animals.
C. They will die out in the near future.
19. How does people’s waste influence the seas or oceans
A. It produces some harmful things to the whales in them.
B. It provides food for fish living in them.
C. It increases the amount of salt in them.
20. What does the speaker tell us in the end
A. Some plants in the seas can be harmful to fish.
B. Wastes aren’t harmful to all kinds of fish.
C. Fish are main food for the whales.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From displays of budding local creative minds to famous artists, airports are stepping up their game to share more of what their city is known for within the terminal. Visit our site and the most surprising, engaging, and inspiring art museums within an airport are just a click away.
Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport
Ancient Greece travels to you when you arrive at Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. Before security, travelers can explore 172 pieces of archaeological artifacts from the Neolithic and Early Helladie to the Post-Byzantine period. Some of the pieces were actually uncovered during the construction of the airport. Even those not traveling through the airport can explore the displays thanks to an online 3D gallery.
Doha Hamad Airport
Social media enthusiasts have surely seen people posing for photos with the famous yellow “Lamp Bear” inside Doha Hamad Airport. You’ll also find 10 other giant statues and displays within the terminal. These include “A Message of Peace to the World,” a striking sculpture honoring the work of a local nonprofit organization, Reach out to Asia, that supports education in underprivileged Asian countries. The carefully-selected art on display is a cooperation between the airport and Qatar Museums.
Seoul Incheon Airport
Beyond traditional pieces of art, Seoul Incheon Airport takes things a step further by offering interactive experiences and classes for travelers. Within the airport is a branch of the National Museum of Korea exhibiting many pieces from its collection. There are rotating (轮流的) exhibits that allow frequent travelers to see a different selection of local artifacts and art pieces on different visits. There are traditional music concerts, ancient relic exhibitions and contemporary art displays.
Singapore Changi Airport
You may have seen the famous Jewel at Changi Airport in Singapore with its garden-enveloped waterfall. It is part of a larger shopping complex that encourages visitors, including those that are not traveling. Besides, there is other museum - quality art to explore like magnificent sculptures suspended from the ceiling, paintings lining the walls and even a rotating propeller (螺旋桨) that looks like a blossoming flower.
1. Which airport’s artworks can be appreciated both physically and virtually
A. Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. B. Doha Hamad Airport.
C. Seoul Incheon Airport. D. Singapore Changi Airport.
2. What do Doha Hamad Airport and Singapore Changi Airport have in common
A. They support charity causes. B. They boast splendid sculptures.
C. They cooperate with local museums. D. They possess large shopping malls.
3. Where can the text possibly be found
A. In an art magazine. B. On a travel website.
C. In a geography textbook. D. In a museum guidebook.
B
I observed one child hugging her beloved toy dog while reading a book to her friend — both she and her dog were actively turning the pages — and with every page turned, she looked down at her dog, lovingly. As a longtime educator of toddlers and a current PhD student studying transitional phenomena and object relations, I have had the pleasure to witness the presence of transitional objects in the kindergarten.
The term transitional object, coined in 195l by D.W. Winnicott, refers to any material to which a child attaches a special value and by means of which the child is able to make the necessary shift from the earliest oral relationship with mother to genuine object-relationships. It is typically something soft, such as a blanket or a soft toy, that is similar to the mother’s warm arms.
It may also be the subject of the child’s fantasies, for example where a teddy bear is spoken to, hugged, punished, etc. It thus becomes a tool for practicing interaction with the external world. Moreover, the transitional object supports the development of the self, as it is used to represent ‘not me’. By looking at the object, the child knows that it is not the object and hence something individual and separate. in this way, it helps the child develop its sense of ‘other’ things.
If the object is denied in any way, attachment difficulties may arise later in life. The object allows for and invites emotional well-being, and without such an object, true feelings may be hidden or dismissed as the child has no other means to cope with and comprehend the world. Worse still, the object is intimately bound up with the identity of the child. Taking away the object is also taking away something of the child itself.
Winnicott noted that transitional objects continue through the course of our lives, as “sacred monuments” which pull us back to “a place and time of great comfort and memory”. The attachment to certain objects like self photographs defines both memorials, and more importantly a stale of connection and presence in the world.
4. How does the writer introduce the topic
A. By sharing feelings. B. By illustrating a term.
C. By relating an experience. D. By providing background information.
5. What does the term “transitional objects” refer to according to the passage
A. Tools used by educators to aid teaching.
B. Items to which a child becomes deeply attached.
C. Toys designed to amuse kids in the kindergarten.
D. Expensive personal possessions gifted by parents.
6. What might happen if a child’s transitional object is denied
A. Ho might lose his imagination.
B. He may become more independent.
C. He is less likely to share personal feelings.
D. He probably distances himself from his mother.
7. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To introduce how to develop a sense of ‘other’ things.
B. To do research on the psychological development of kids.
C To show how to enhance the bond between mother and child.
D. To stress the importance of transitional objects to children.
C
Pullman is a superb writer and Seagull is a brilliant communicator. They had a debate after Seagull posted a question on his social media platform: “When you were trying to create an environment for learning, what were your best pieces of classical music to listen to ” He received hundreds of suggestions — and one negative reply, from Pullman: “That’s not what classical music is for. Treat it with respect.”
That did it! Everyone — professional musicians, students, teachers — weighed into the argument, and the majority supported Seagull and were criticizing Pullman.
It’s easy to see why people are annoyed. We all want classical music to be as accessible as possible especially to the young. If some of them are using Bach or Schubert as a tool to help them study, what’s the problem They may also develop an attachment to classical music.
So is Pullman ridiculous and supercilious by objecting to classical music being used as background music At first sight, his idea seems stuffy and extreme. By suggesting that classical music should be “treated with respect” and not used as background music, Pullman seems to be closing classical music of to millions of people.
It’s worth pointing out, however, that he isn’t the first to express concerns about classical music being devalued by becoming too commonplace in today’s technologically shaped world. In Benjamin Britten’s 1964 speech, the composer expressed exactly the same worries as Pullman. Britten suggested, “The true musical experience demands some preparation, some effort, a journey to a special place, saving up for a ticket, some homework perhaps”. In short, it demands as much effort from listeners as from composers and performers.
I don’t agree with such an extreme viewpoint, but I do think it touches on a reality. You will never fully grasp the beauty of classical music if you half-hear it only in the background. That doesn’t necessarily matter. Music can be enjoyed on many levels. What Pullman and Britten are really saying is that, in a drive for “accessibility”, we shouldn’t deny the emotional and intellectual complexity underpinning (构成) much classical music.
8. What did Seagull’s posting result in
A. Great admiration for Seagull.
B. Public criticism of classical music.
C. A discussion about learning environments.
D. An argument over the role of classical music.
9. What does the underlined word “supercilious” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Self-important. B. Open-minded. C. Impatient. D. Considerate.
10. Why is the Benjamin Britten’s 1964 speech mentioned
A. To show his affection for classical music.
B. To introduce young people to classical music.
C. To demonstrate classical music is demanding.
D. To support Pullman’s idea over classical music.
11. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to Pullman’s idea
A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Uninterested.
D
Not much trash and almost no plastic actually gets recycled. About a third of U.S. garbage gets recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency’s most recent estimate. The rest goes to landfills, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and pollute their surroundings.
To make recycling easier, many U.S. cities don’t ask Americans to separate paper, glass, metal and plastic. ‘They just ask people to put anything recyclable into one bin and let waste plants do the sorting. But waste plants don’t catch everything. AI is now an essential tool for the world’s waste management leaders. Greyparrot, a tech company has already installed more than l00 AI trash spotters in about 50 sorting facilities.
Greyparrot’s device is, basically, a set of visual and infrared (红外线的) cameras hooked up to a computer, which monitors trash as it passes by on a conveyor belt and labels it under 70 categories, from loose bottle caps to books to aluminum cans. Waste plants could connect these AI systems to sorting robots to help them separate trash from recyclables more accurately. They could also use the AI as a quality control system to measure how well they’re sorting trash from recyclables. That could help plant managers adjust their production lines to cover more recyclables, or cheek that a bundle of recyclables is free of pollutants, which would allow them to sell at a higher price.
In the next few years, some recycling companies plan to retrofit (改良) thousands of material- recovery facilities with Al trash - spotting tools. Of these companies, Bollegraaf has built thousands of these facilities, including 340 in North America, accounting for a majority of the recovery plants in the world.
The trash-spotting computers could one day help regulators punish companies that produce tsunamis of non - recyclable packaging because the AI systems are so accurate that they can identify the brands on individual items. Putting the AI tools in thousands of waste plants can raise recycling percentage. If the needle can be moved by even 5 to 10 percent, that would be a phenomenal outcome for greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact.
12. What does the author want to show in paragraph 1
A. People pay little attention to environmental protection.
B. Greenhouse gas is a major contributor to air pollution.
C. Americans show little enthusiasm for recycling.
D. All trash has not been recycled in the US.
13. How does Greyparrot’s AI system work
A. By working with sorting robots.
B. By adjusting the production line.
C. By monitoring the conveyor belt.
D. By controlling cameras in a computer.
14. What can he inferred about AI tools in the last two paragraphs
A. They are well received.
B. They are highly profitable.
C. They have unpredictable prospect.
D. They present a challenge for regulators.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The Use of the Useless
B. AI Assistants in Recycling
C. A Pressing Trash Issue in US
D. AI Tools with Great Potential
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nervous laughter is a way for your body to relieve tension or serves as a defense mechanism to beat painful emotions. But it becomes a problem when it causes rifts (不和) in relationships or makes others uncomfortable. ___16___As with any habit, it won’t change overnight. However, it’s possible to retrain your patterns.
____17____Any time you feel a nervous laugh bubbling up, try one of these behaviors instead: a slow triple nod, whispering ahh or hmmm as you listen or are with someone. This will give your body something to do to displace the nervous laughter.
As you become aware of your nervous laughter habit and pattern, try to identify what purpose it is serving and what is triggering (触发) it. Do you laugh to relieve tension Are you filling the silence when you don’t understand what someone has said to you ____18____In this step of reflection, journaling or talking with a trusted individual may be helpful.
Once you’ve found what is triggering your nervous laughter, set an intention for how you will redirect your nervous energy in that instance.____19____For example, if your manager gives you constructive feedback, then you can remind yourself he is giving you an opportunity for growth rather than telling you that you’re bad at your job.
Practicing empathy is of great help. Its goal is to share the feelings of the person you’re speaking with. This can help you focus less on how uncomfortable you feel and more on how frightened, puzzled or sad he may feel. To do this, ask open questions that don’t assume an answer. ____20____
A. Once you know why, try to avoid it.
B. Is there any hope for overcoming it
C Play around with “if-then” s to help you.
D. Is it a way of avoiding a negative emotional slate
E. Replace nervous laughter with a positive nonverbal.
F. This will help you achieve a more profound understanding.
G. The problem can affect connection and relationship building.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was a rising high school junior in the summer of 2021, when I took Philosophy 101 at Lehmon College, a ___21___that allows New York City public school students to earn credits. Why philosophy ____22____, I chose it on impulse (一时冲动). I expected this course to be interesting. I didn’t expect this class, which____23____me to the words and works of Socrates, Plato and other moral philosophers, to change my____24____to college education.
But that’s what____25____. During the second week of class, when we____26____the work of Socrates, I read Socrates’ words, “The unexamined life is no life for a human being to live”. My eyes____27____in surprise and my posture was fixed. I read these words over and over until my professor broke my trance (出神、发呆), “Could anyone in the class interpret the___28___ of Socrates’ words ”
Then I did my best to explain that the wise philosopher was making a____29____on how we should live. To me, this meant getting____30____about all aspects of yourself, putting yourself in academic, social and cultural spaces that will___31___ your world view, and being open to personal growth along the way.
After reflecting on the words even after the course was over, I realized Socrates was____32____meaningful life means a(n)____33____to exploration. Being immersed in ideas such as Socrates’____34____me to think about the person I am. I began to see college as a place to gain knowledge and explore my interests,____35____just fulfill classes.
21.
A. interview B. survey C. camp D. course
22.
A. Generally B. Honestly C. Roughly D. Briefly
23.
A. recommended B. pushed C. introduced D. compared
24.
A. secret B. solution C. attitude D. behavior
25.
A. happened B. started C. worked D. ended
26.
A. made up B. put forward C. went through D. turned down
27.
A. widened B. clouded C. narrowed D. shut
28.
A. difference B. source C. meaning D. feature
29.
A. defence B. bet C. story D. claim
30.
A. scared B. curious C. confident D. confused
31.
A. satisfy B. challenge C. block D. expand
32.
A. right B. positive C. rigid D. cautious
33.
A dignity B. commitment C. failure D. adjustment
34.
A. inspired B. forced C. forgave D. seized
35.
A. but B. simply C. even D. not
第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shortly after the silk and feather umbrellas became popular in China, their manufacturers managed ____36____ (discover) a new kind of material from wood paper, enabling the ____37____ (create) of highly stylized, decorative and lightweight umbrellas.
In addition to providing protection from sun and limited protection from rain, oil-paper umbrellas ____38____ (view) as symbols of wealth, and power in the past. During the height of umbrella popularity in China, you could easily recognize the owners by the designs and colors of their umbrellas—royal family members used yellow or red colors, ____39____ the wealthy carried blue. Even in today’s Chinese and Japanese society, umbrellas play ____40____ important role. They are one of the most essential items ____41____ (present) to newly -wed brides, symbolizing blessing, protection from evil spirits and wishes____42____ more babies.
The beauty of the Chinese paper umbrellas had ____43____ an impact on worldwide trends that their ____44____ (elegant) crafted materials and their canopy designs showcasing dragons, flowers, and landscapes quickly traveled via trade routes to distant Europe. Paper umbrellas today represent one of the best -known Chinese traditional exports, with businessmen selling them to ____45____ (passer-by) on streets worldwide.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，因故不能观看下周六举办的世界乒乓球锦标赛，打算把票转赠给你的交换生朋友John。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.无法观看的原因；
2.建议其做好观看准备工作。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I chewed on my pencil as I walked back and forth across my bedroom. What was I going to do It was bad enough that I was the new kid. But now I was sure to get laughed at by my classmates. How could my first homework be such a disaster
“My name is Anna, and this summer I...” I stopped. How could I stand in front of my class and say that I’d spent the entire summer handling something that most people don’t even like to talk about Poop (粪便). I’d spent three months shoveling (铲), collecting, and analyzing cow poop on my grandparents’ farm. I tried to think of a different adventure I could share. Maybe I could say I’d spent the summer on the Weather Control Team preventing floods.
“Time for dinner,” my mom called.
I walked slowly down the stairs and slid into my chair.
“You’ve been in your room since you came home from school,” Mom said. “What are you working on ”
I sighed. “I have to tell the class what I did this summer.”
My younger brother, Seymour, began to laugh uncontrollably. “No one will want to sit next to you after they hear you were covered in cow poop all summer!”
“OK, that’s enough, Seymour,” Dad said.
“Anna,” said Mom, putting green beans in a bowl, “be proud of the work we did this summer. Our planet would be in sad shape without scientists like your grandfather.”
It’s true that my grandfather does important work. He developed an easy way to use poop as a source of fuel. Using the poop is now easy, economical, and environmentally safe.
“I know, Mom,” I said, staring at my meatloaf. “But it’s not exactly something people want to hear about before lunch.”
That night I dreamed about more splendid adventures: cave diving in Mexico, hiking through the Amazon rainforest . . .
At school the next day, I bent over my desk, listening to each kid speak. My palms were sweaty, and the knot (结) in my stomach grew tighter.
“And that was my journey to Mount Everest,” Ember Adams said, finishing her report. She bowed and look her seat.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“It’s your turn, Anna,” the teacher said.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After class, some of my classmates approached me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1—5 BABCB 6—10 BCAAB 11—15 BCACB 16—20 CABCA

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