资源简介

2023-2024学年高三下学期4月强化拉练一
英语试题
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Paris Tours
Using both traveler opinions and expert advice, we track down some of the best tours in Pans.
Bike About Tours—Hidden Paris Bike Tour
Price: Adults from 45 euros; kids from 20 euros
Duration:3.5 hours
A guide takes you on back streets to both famous and lesscr-known attructions throughout Paris. Along theway, guides share historical and cultural anecdotes (轶事). Tours depart daily at 10 a. m. and 2:30 p. m.
Big Bus Paris Hop—On Hop-Off Tour
Price: Adults from 45 euros; kids from 25 euros
Duration: About 2 hours
Double-decker, open-lop buses take you to 10 stops near attractions. All buses are equipped with a prerecorded audio tour in 11 different languages. Buses run from around 10 a. m. to about 7:30 p. m. daily.
Paris Charms and Secrets
Price: From 59 euros
Duration:3.5 to 4 hours
A guide will lead you through the city on an electric bike, stopping at some of Paris’ most famous attractions and storied monuments (纪念碑) to tell you a good story related to its culture, a secret about a passageway or along-forgotten historical tale. Tours depart at 9 a. m., 2:30 p. m. and 8 p. m. daily.
Paris By Mouth——North Marais Tour
Price: From 125 euros
Duration:3.5 hours
In the tour designed only for adults, your guide will bring you to some of the neighborhood’s most respected shops, which specialize in bread, cheese, pastry and charcuterie. Then the tour stops at a wine shop and includesa seated tasting with wine pairings. The tour runs daily at multiple times.
21. How does Big Bus Paris Hop——On Hop-Off Tour differ from the other tours
A. It doesn’t have a guide. B. It operates 24 hours a day.
C. It isn’t designed for everyone. D. It costs the least of all the four tours.
22. What can visitors do during Paris Charms and Secrets
A. Visit an electric-bike factory. B. Learn historical and cultural stories.
C. Explore a secret passageway in Paris. D. Take open-top buses to ten attractions.
23. Which tour will be food lovers’ favorite
A. Bike About Tours——Hidden Paris Bike Tour B. Paris Charms and Secrets.
C Paris By Mouth——North Marais Tour. D. Big Bus Paris Hop—On Hop-Off Tour.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了巴黎的四个旅游项目。
21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Big Bus Paris Hop——On Hop-Off Tour 部分的“All buses are equipped with a prerecorded audio tour in 11 different languages. (所有巴士都配备了11种不同语言的预先录制的音频导览。)”可知，Big Bus Paris Hop配备的是音频导游，而其他都有真正的导游。故选A。
【22题详解】
维节理解题。根据Paris Charms, and Secrets部分的“A guide will lead you through the city on an electric bike, stopping at some of Paris’ most famous attractions and storied monuments (纪念碑) to tell you a good story related to its culture, a secret about a passageway or along-forgotten historical tale. (导游会骑着电动自行车带你游览巴黎，在巴黎一些最著名的景点和历史古迹前停下来，告诉你一个与巴黎文化有关的好故事，一个关于通道的秘密或一个被遗忘的历史故事。)”可知，在Paris Charms, and Secrets之旅，游客会了解有关巴黎的历史文化故事。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Paris By Mouth——North Marais Tour 部分的“In the tour designed only for adults, your guide will bring you to some of the neighborhood’s most respected shops, which specialize in bread, cheese, pastry and charcuterie. (在专为成人设计的旅程中，您的导游将带您去附近一些最受尊敬的商店，这些商店专营面包、奶酪、糕点和熟食。)”可知，Paris By Mouth——North Marais Tour可以让游客品尝到很多美食。故选C。
B
Our species’ incredible capacity to quickly acquire words from 300 by age 2 to over 1, 000 by age 4 isn’t fully understood. Some cognitive scientists and linguists have theorized that people are born with built-in expectations and logical constraints (约束) that make this possible. Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren’t necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data.
A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage (镜头) and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014. Although it’s a small slice of a child’s life, it was apparently enough to prompt the AI to figure out what certain words mean.
The findings suggest that language acquisition could be simpler than previously thought. Maybe children “don’t need a custom-built, high-class language-specific mechanism” to efficiently grasp word meanings, says Jessica Sullivan, an associate professor of psychology at Skidmore College. “This is a really beautiful study, ” she says, because it offers evidence that simple information from a child’s worldview is rich enough to kick-start pattern recognition and word comprehension.
The new study also demonstrates that it’s possible for machines to learn similarly to the way that humans do. Large language models are trained on enormous amounts of data that can include billions and sometimes trillions of word combinations. Humans get by on orders of magnitude less information says the paper’s lead author Wai Keen Vong. With the right type of data, that gap between machine and human learning could narrow dramatically.
Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don’t prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects.
Still, it’s a step toward a deeper understanding of our own mind, which can ultimately help us improve human education, says Eva Portelance, a computational linguistics researcher. She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. “We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society, ” Portelance adds.
24. What is a significant finding of machine-learning research
A. Vocabulary increases gradually with age.
B. Vocabulary can be acquired from minimal data.
C. Language acquisition is tied to built-in expectations.
D. Language acquisition is as complex as formerly assumed.
25. What does the underlined word “prompt” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Facilitate. B. Persuade. C. Advise. D. Expect.
26. What is discussed about the new research in paragraph 5
A. Its limitations. B. Its strengths. C. Its uniqueness. D. Its process.
27. What is Eva Portelance’s attitude to the AI research
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious. C. Dismissive. D. Positive.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了现在机器学习研究表明，要从最少的数据中快速获取单词的含义，并不需要预先编程的假设。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren’t necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data.(然而，现在机器学习研究表明，要从最少的数据中快速获取单词的含义，并不需要预先编程的假设。)”可知，机器学习研究的一个重要发现是词汇可以从最小的数据中获得。故选B。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014.(一组科学家已经成功地训练了一个基本的人工智能模型，只需使用61小时的自然镜头和声音，就能将图像与文字匹配起来——这些镜头和声音之前是在2013年和2014年从一个名叫萨姆的孩子身上收集的。)”可知，虽然只是孩子生活中的一小部分，但显然足以促使人工智能弄清楚某些单词的意思。prompt意为“促使”。故选A。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don’t prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects. (然而，在这项新研究的某些方面，还需要进一步的研究。首先，科学家们承认，他们的发现并不能证明儿童是如何习得词汇的。此外，这项研究只关注于识别实物的单词。)”可知，第五段主要讲述了这项新研究的局限性。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. “We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society, ” Portelance adds.”(她指出，人工智能研究也可以让我们自己长期未解之谜变得清晰。“我们可以很好地利用这些模型，造福科学和社会，”Portelance补充说。)可推知，Eva Portelance对人工智能研究的态度是积极的。故选D。
C
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students, forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed to get her students, as well as future generations, excited about the science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana” to her students and online fan base, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms.
In the kid-friendly videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success. “This is just one of our ways to connect with people to make physics accessible to people,” she tells NPR. As part of the physics department’s extensive outreach program, she also puts on shows almost every week teaching physics to K-12 students. “The sooner kids are taught physics and taught it well, the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break.
“I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake,” she says. “I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning, and then it took me a while to find my voice.”
By the second semester, she found her footing, tweaking her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller, and get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal.
28. What is the main challenge faced by college professors in large lecture halls
A. Competition with smartphones and laptops.
B. Limited resources for·teaching materials.
C. Inadequate support from the university.
D. Lack of interest from students.
29. What role does the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimova’s social media success
A. Encouraging students to use social media.
B. Creating TikTok accounts for professors.
C. Producing videos of her physics lessons.
D. Promoting weekly teaching program.
30. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Erukhimova’s junior students in Paragraph 4
A. To review her teaching plans.
B. To show an application of her idea.
C. To highlight the differences of teaching.
D. To erase doubts about her approaches.
31. What lesson did Tatiana Erukhimova learn when she initially started teaching college freshman
A. The importance of establishing a personal connection with students.
B. The significance of focusing on junior-level students.
C. The effectiveness of traditional teaching methods.
D. The need for advanced teaching materials.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学物理教授Tatiana Enukhimova通过社交媒体激发学生对科学的热情，强调教学的亲和力与个性化。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students, forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. (如今，大学教授在吸引学生注意力方面面临着越来越高的门槛，他们被迫在大型演讲厅与智能手机和笔记本电脑的刺激竞争。)”可知，大学教授在大型演讲厅面临的主要挑战是与智能手机和笔记本电脑的竞争。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success. (她将自己在社交媒体上的成功归功于大学营销团队的课程视频。)”可知，她把她社交媒体的成功归功于大学营销团队对于她课程视频的录制。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break. (很明显，她知道如何让年轻人对一门困难的科学感到兴奋。但事实并非总是如此。她说，大约20年前，当她第一次开始教授大学新生时，她很难吸引年轻学生的注意力。在那之前的几年里，她一直习惯于教大三学生。但当谈到在一个由100多名一年级学生组成的大型演讲厅教学时，第一印象是成败攸关的。)”可推知，作者在第四段中提到Erukhimova的低年级学生的目的是突出教学的差异。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning and then it took me a while to find my voice. (我从一开始就错过了与他们建立联系的机会，后来我花了一段时间才找到自己的声音。)”可推知，Tatiana Erukhimova刚开始教大学新生时，她学到了与学生建立个人联系的重要性。故选A。
D
Cities, covering less than 2% of the Earth’s surface, are major contributors to climate change, consuming almost 80% of the world’s energy and producing more than 60% of greenhouse gas emissions. Fortunately, net zero emissions (净零排放) by 2050, a target set at the COP26 conference, could be achieved faster using digital twins cities, according to a recent research.
Looking and behaving identically in their real-world physical environments, digital twins can help track, manage and reduce environmental damage rapidly. These replicas (复制品) link to networks of sensors that collect data from buildings, transport, air quality, and energy use, to see where emissions can be cut and efficiency improved. Similar technologies have been in use since NASA’s Apollo moon mission in 1969, where computers and machine replicas were used to test and monitor spacecraft.
Research shows that digital twins can save cities more than $ 280 billion globally by 2030 through more efficient urban planning. Digital twin provider Cityzenith believes that net zero deadlines could be achieved 15 years earlier if the world’s 100 biggest cities use the technology to decarbonize. “They are the perfect tool for managing and speeding up the energy transformation,” said CEO Michael Jansen. “We could get to net zero globally by 2035.”
Over the past decades, big tech companies around the world, including GE Digital and Siemens, have developed software for replicating cities, including a district of Berlin, the island nation of Singapore, and the entire city of Shanghai in China. In the US, the Digital Twin Consortium is working to standardize how digital twins are built and share data. Technology company MX3D built the world’s first 3D-printed stainless steel bridge and co-created its digital twin. CEO Gijs van der Velden believes twins will give us precise control over the built environment.
Recently, OpenAI also made advances in this field. On February 15, the company revealed its latest groundbreaking tech—Sora to the world. Sora is a text-to-video generative AI model. It can generate videos that matches the text prompt (文本提示) given to it in a few seconds. Experts believe Sora is likely to be applied in science and national defence in the future.
32. How does the author show the impact of cities on climate change
A. By listing data. B. By giving examples.
C. By comparing opinions. D. By quoting research findings.
33. What’s Michael Jansen’s attitude towards digital twins
A. Approving. B. Opposed. C. Unconcerned. D. Objective.
34. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A. Sora has been used in scientific research and military.
B. Gijs van der Velden has little faith in digital twins’ future.
C. Digital twins technology is developing rapidly around the world.
D. Few tech companies are involved in the study of replicating cities.
35. Which is the best title of this passage
A. Net Zero Emissions Could Be Hit 15 Years Earlier
B. Cityzenith Is Working on Promoting Digital Twin Cities
C Big Cities Are to Blame for the Severe Environment Pollution
D. Digital Twin Cities Can Reduce the Impact of Planet’s Largest Polluters
【答案】32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项减少城市温室气体排放的科学技术：城市数字孪生技术。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cities, covering less than 2% of the Earth’s surface, are major contributors to climate change. consuming almost 80% of the world’s energy and producing more than 60% of greenhouse gas emissions. (城市面积不到地球表面的2%，是气候变化的主要原因。消耗了全球近80%的能源，产生了60%以上的温室气体排放。)”可推知，文章在开头通过列举数据来展示城市对气候变化的影响。故选A项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““They are the perfect tool for managing and speeding up the energy transformation,” said CEO Michael Jansen. “We could get to net zero globally by 2035.” (首席执行官Michael Jansen表示：“它们是管理和加快能源转型的完美工具。”。“到2035年，我们可以实现全球净零排放。”)”可推知，Michael Jansen对数字孪生技术的态度是赞同的。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Over the past decades, big tech companies around the world, including GE Digital and Siemens, have developed software for replicating cities, including a district of Berlin, the island nation of Singapore, and the entire city of Shanghai in China. (在过去的几十年里，包括GE Digital和西门子在内的世界各地的大型科技公司都开发了用于复制城市的软件，包括柏林的一个地区、岛国新加坡和中国上海全域。)”以及最后一段“Experts believe Sora is likely to be applied in science and national defence in the future. (专家们认为Sora很可能在未来应用于科学和国防领域。)”可推知，数字孪生技术在全球范围内正在快速发展。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“Fortunately, net zero emissions (净零排放) by 2050, a target set at the COP26 conference, could be achieved faster using digital twins cities, according to a recent research. (幸运的是，根据最近的一项研究，到2050年实现净零排放(COP26会议设定的目标)可以通过数字孪生城市更快地实现。)”和第三段““They are the perfect tool for managing and speeding up the energy transformation,” said CEO Michael Jansen. “We could get to net zero globally by 2035.” (首席执行官Michael Jansen表示：“它们是管理和加快能源转型的完美工具。”。“到2035年，我们可以实现全球净零排放。”)”可推知，本文主要讲述了数字孪生城市如何帮助减少城市对气候变化的影响。D项“数字孪生城市可以减少地球上最大的污染源的影响”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Super communicators are people who are consistently able to create real connections with others just by listening and talking. The following are four habits of super communicators.
They know what kind of conversation they’re having. Super communicators are usually able to respond accordingly. If you’re having a practical conversation, your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions. ___36___ If your friend is just expressing his feelings, you just need to be a good listener.
They prove they’re listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening, like making eye contact or nodding. To do that, experts suggest a technique called “cycle for understanding”. Ask a question and listen to the response. Repeat what they just told you. Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct. ___37___
They ask a lot of the right questions. Research shows that highly effective communicators tend to ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else. They may simply be follow-up questions like “What happened next ”. Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up. ___38___ They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connection.
___39___ The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own views accordingly. The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from. ___40___
A. They aim to understand.
B. Experts call them “deep questions”.
C. They are persuasive communicators.
D. The decisions should be easy to carry out.
E. This practice sounds simple but is powerful.
F. Then you should be ready to give good advice.
G. And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
【答案】36. F 37. E 38. B 39. A 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些超级沟通者常用的沟通技巧。
【36题详解】
根据下文“If your friend is just expressing his feelings, you just need to be a good listener.(如果你的朋友只是在表达他的感受，你只需要做一个好的倾听者)”可知，当朋友只是表达感受时，我们只需要倾听。结合空处上文“ If you’re having a practical conversation, your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions.(如果你正在进行一场实际的对话，你的朋友可能会让你帮忙做一些艰难的决定)”可知，如果朋友拿不定主意时，超级沟通者会给出建议。F项“Then you should be ready to give good advice.(那么你应该准备好给出好的建议)”符合语境，advice呼应上文hard decision。故选F。
【37题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Ask a question and listen to the response. Repeat what they just told you. Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.(问一个问题，然后听回答。重复他们刚刚告诉你的话。问问你的对话伙伴，你是否明白了他们所说的)”可知，超级沟通者通过“提问、重复、再提问确定”的方法来证明自己在倾听别人的话。E项“This practice sounds simple but is powerful.(这种做法听起来很简单，但却很有效)”与上文承接自然，this practice指代上文提到的那种方法——提问、重复、再提问确定。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上文“They may simply be follow-up questions like “What happened next ” . Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up.(它们可能只是一些后续问题，比如“接下来发生了什么 ”。超级沟通者也会问一些问题，让人们敞开心扉)”和下文“They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connection.(他们询问人们的价值观或经历，并创造一个情感联系的机会)”可知，超级沟通者先问一些比较简单的问题，后来询问一些让人敞开心扉和创造情感联系的问题，由此可知，问题变得深入了。B项“Experts call them “deep questions”.(专家称其为“深度问题”)”符合语境，them指代上文“questions that get people to open up”。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据下文“The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own views accordingly. (讨论的目的不是为了给某人留下深刻印象，说服某人或等着轮到他们说话。它是真正理解别人的观点，并据此分享自己的观点)”可知，讨论的目的是为了理解别人的观点，并分享自己的想法，即讨论是为了理解。由此可知，超级沟通者对话的目的是理解。A项“They aim to understand.(他们的目标是理解)”符合题意。故选A。
【40题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from.(正确的回应会创造一种信任和开放的氛围，双方都能从中受益)”可知，通过正确的回应，可以创造信任和开放的氛围，能让对话双方受益，这是谈话的神奇之处。G项“And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.(这是最神奇的事情了)”符合题意，与上文承接自然。故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college, the ___41___ of our relationship has totally changed and our relationship is completely ___42___. I’m not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her. I won’t know when she’s mad or when she’s happy. Here’s a little story of our new ___43___.
A week ago, my daughter wanted to ___44___ so she called me during the day as I was in meetings. I ___45___her later on, but she was in class. At midnight, she reached out ___46___ to ask if we could talk. Well, guess what I was ___47___ . I thought we would talk the next day, but she was not ___48___ .
Research shows that parents are ___49___ when their children are grown up, but for me that is when I start to get concerned. I am always left to____50____ , how can I, as a parent, remain ____51____to my daughter to guide, support and love through life's changes
We may have to ____52____ the way we communicate. My daughter encouraged me to go digital. That’s how I ventured into the world of social media, following her updates and occasionally sharing my own experiences. Through this ____53____ presence, the physical gap is ____54____and I feel I still have an active role in her life. This experience serves as a reminder that ____55____, however scary, holds the promise of growth in our shared journey.
41.
A. problem B. progress C. goal D. context
42.
A. cold B. special C. different D. casual
43.
A. normal B. idea C. approach D. solution
44.
A. catch up B. take over C. check out D. break away
45.
A. visited B. touched C. tried D. emailed
46.
A. by taxi B. by text C. in private D. in person
47.
A. stupid B. angry C. excited D. asleep
48.
A. available B. interested C. ready D. guilty
49.
A. saddest B. busiest C. happiest D. best
50.
A. decide B. wonder C. investigate D. distinguish
51.
A. kind B. appreciative C. sensitive D. relevant
52.
A. voice B. ignore C. shift D. continue
53.
A. human B. virtual C. physical D. permanent
54.
A. widened B. formed C. broken D. bridged
55.
A. college B. relationship C. change D. communication
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者与女儿之间关系随着女儿进入大学而发生的变化，以及作者如何适应这种变化并努力维持与女儿的联系。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：既然她已经上大学了，我们关系的背景完全改变了，我们的关系也完全不同了。A. problem问题；B. progress进步；C. goal目标；D. context背景。根据上文“For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)”可推理出此处说的是作者和女儿的关系背景发生了变化，故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cold冷的；B. special特殊的；C. different不同的；D. casual漫不经心的。根据上文“For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)”以及下文“I'm not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her(我不会每天早上都在那里陪她吃早餐了。)”可推理出此处说的是作者和女儿的关系与以前不同了，故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我们新常态的一个小故事。A. normal常态；B. idea想法；C. approach方法；D. solution解决办法。根据下文“A week ago, my daughter wanted to … so she called me during the day as I was in meetings. I …her later on, but she was in class.(一周前，我女儿想……，所以她白天给我打电话，那时我在开会。我后来……，但是她在上课)”可推理出此处说的是作者与女儿相处的新常态，故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一周前，我女儿想和我聊聊天（了解情况），所以在我开会期间她给我打了电话。A. catch up了解；B. take over接管；C. check out结账离开；D. break away突然离开。根据下文“ask if we could talk(询问是否能聊天)”可推理出此处上下文说的是女儿想聊天了解作者的情况，故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我试着联系她，但她在上课。A. visited拜访；B. touched触摸；C. tried试图；D. emailed发电子邮件。根据下文“but she was in class(但是她在上课)”可推理出作者试图联系女儿，故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：到了午夜，她发短信问我能否聊聊。A. by taxi坐出租车；B. by text通过短信；C. in private私下地；D. in person亲自。根据下文“ask if we could talk(询问是否能聊天)”结合时间是半夜可推理出女儿通过短信询问作者能否聊天，故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在睡觉。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. angry生气的；C. excited感到兴奋的；D. asleep睡着的。根据上文“At midnight(在午夜)”可推理出作者已经睡着了，故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为第二天我们能谈话，但是她没空。A. available有空的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. ready准备好的；D. guilty内疚的。根据上文“I thought we would talk the next day, but(我以为第二天我们能谈话，但是……)”可推理出作者的女儿没空，故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，父母在孩子长大后最幸福，但对我来说，这正是我开始担忧的时候。A. saddest最伤心的；B. busiest最忙的；C. happiest最幸福的；D. best最好的。根据下文“but for me that is when I start to get concerned(这正是我开始担忧的时候)”可推理出空白处应填表示“最幸福的”含义的表达，故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是在想，作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，通过生活的变化来指导、支持和爱护她？A. decide决定；B. wonder想弄明白；C. investigate调查；D. distinguish区分。根据下文“how can I, as a parent, remain relevant to my daughter to guide, support and love through life’s changes ( 作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化？)”可知，下文说的是作者试图弄明白的问题，空白处应填表示“想弄明白”含义的表达，故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kind善良的；B. appreciative感激的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. relevant相关联的。根据下文“to guide, support and love through life’s changes(指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化)”可知，此处说的是作者希望能帮助孩子指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化，希望自己能保持与女儿的生活的相关性，故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能需要改变我们的沟通方式。A. voice表达；B. ignore忽视；C. shift改变；D. continue继续。根据下文“My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)”可知此处说的是要改变沟通的方式，故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这种虚拟存在，物理上的距离被弥合了，我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色。A. human人的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. physical身体的；D. permanent永久的。根据上文“My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)”可知作者接受女儿的建议，使用数字工具，通过虚拟的方式得以仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. widened加宽；B. formed形成；C. broken破坏；D. bridged弥合。根据上文“the physical gap(物理上的距离)”以及下文“I feel I still have an active role in her life(我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色)”可推理出此处说的是作者通过参与数字工具，得以弥合了物理上的距离，仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历提醒我们，无论变化多么令人害怕，它都承载着我们在共同旅程中成长的希望。A. college学院；B. relationship关系；C. change变化；D. communication沟通。根据上文“For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)”以及“My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)”、“I feel I still have an active role in her life(我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色)”可知，作者的女儿去上大学，两人的关系发生了变化，但是作者采纳女儿的建议使用数字工具，得以弥合了物理上的距离，仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Feb 8, 2001, workers at a construction site in Jinsha village, Chengdu, found many pieces of ivory and jade and the hidden ruins of the capital of the ancient Shu Kingdom were brought ____56____light by archaeologists. Among the over 5,000 precious relics ____57____(excavate)from the ruins, the most eye-catching is the Golden Sun Bird. It is made from delicate gold foil(箔), just one ____58____(five)of a millimeter thick. It has two sections: The center is a sun pattern with 12 rays ____59____(indicate)the rotation(自转)of the sun and around the sun are four birds flying anticlockwise. According to archaeologists, the four birds symbolize four seasons, while the 12 rays ____60____(mean)to represent 12 months of the year. Hence, it could be inferred that over 3000 years ago ancient Shu people possessed ____61____ good knowledge of astronomy and nature. Furthermore, this masterpiece is believed to be an illustration of an ancient Chinese myth recorded in the classic The Legends of Mountains and Seas, ____62____ was written about 2,500 years ago. According to the book, ancient people believed the sun was carried up ____63____down by birds daily.
In 2005, the pattern was ____64____(successful)selected as the symbol of China’s cultural heritage to showcase the ancient Chinese people’s _____65_____( wise)and aspirations.
【答案】56. to 57. excavated
58. fifth 59. indicating
60. are meant
61. a 62. which
63. and 64. successfully
65. wisdom
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了在成都金沙村的一个建筑工地上，考古学家们发现了古蜀国时期的许多象牙和玉器碎片。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：2001年2月8日，在成都金沙村的一个建筑工地上，工人们发现了许多象牙和玉器碎片，考古学家们揭开了古蜀国首都的神秘面纱。bring…to light“揭示；揭露”是固定短语，根据句意。故填to。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在遗址中出土的5000多件珍贵文物中，最引人注目的是金太阳鸟。分析句子可知，excavate作定语，修饰relics，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填excavated。
【58题详解】
考查数词。句意：它由精致的金箔制成，只有五分之一毫米厚。此处表示“五分之一”，分母用序数词，故填fifth。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它有两个部分：中心是太阳图案，有12条光线表示太阳的旋转，围绕太阳的是四只逆时针飞行的鸟。分析句子可知，indicate作定语，修饰rays，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填indicating。
【60题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：根据考古学家的说法，这四只鸟象征着四季，而12道射线代表着一年中的12个月。分析句子可知，mean作谓语，与主语rays是被动关系，描述一般事实用一般现在时，主语是rays是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填are meant。
【61题详解】
考查冠词。句意：因此，3000多年前的古蜀人就已经具备了良好的天文和自然知识。possess a good knowledge of“拥有……的知识”，固定短语。故填a。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此外，这一杰作被认为是2500年前的经典《山海经》中记载的中国古代神话的例证。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词The Legends of Mountains and Seas，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故填which。
【63题详解】
考查连词。句意：根据这本书，古代人们相信太阳每天都是由鸟驮着升起和落下的。up and down“起起伏伏；上上下下”，固定短语。故填and。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。修饰动词用副词作状语。故填successfully。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。名词所有格修饰名词，wisdom“智慧”作宾语。故填wisdom。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你校正在举办以“四月八日国际珍稀动物保护日”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 珍稀动物的重要性；
2. 保护珍稀动物的倡议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Protecting Rare Animals
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Protecting Rare Animals
Today, many rare animals have disappeared or face the possibility of extinction. At the same time, many animals are hunted for fur or food.
Human beings are fully responsible for the situation. Taking care of the world’s rare animals is everyone’s responsibility. Rare animals are an essential part of our planet, which play a significant role in the ecology. The extinction of them can have wide-ranging effects on humankind. Valuing wild animals enhances the relation between man and nature. We hope our future generation can hear lions roaring and birds singing, but not just see them in picture books. It is high time that we should protect them.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。假定考试是李华，你校正在举办以“四月八日国际珍稀动物保护日”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
与此同时：at the same time→ meanwhile
对……负责：be responsible for → be to blame for
必要的：essential → necessary
重要的：significant → important
影响：effect→ influence
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Taking care of the world’s rare animals is everyone’s responsibility.
拓展句：It is everyone’s responsibility to take care of the world’s rare animals.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Wild animals are an essential part of our planet, which play a significant role in the ecology.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We hope our future generation can hear lions roaring and birds singing, but not just see them in picture books.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kevin woke to the blaring beep of his alarm clock. “Can’t wait for that camping trip,” Kevin thought, filled with excitement. As he was leaving home, his dad grabbed him by the hand and said, “Before you go, just tell me the directions on where you and your friends are going to stay.”
“But dad!” Kevin complained.
“No buts!” Kevin’s dad added.
“Fine.” Kevin told him the directions and left.
The three friends, Kevin, Jay and Nathan, had been planning this adventure for weeks, packing their stuff-tents, snacks, and a map-preparing for a 3-day outdoor exploration. Excitement ran through Kevin as they departed for their campsite. “This trip is going to be awesome, ” Nathan excitedly yelled as they set off. But little did they know that nature had a surprise in store for them.
The first day at the campsite was going great, setting up tents, collecting firewood, and sharing stories. “Man, we nailed these tents, ” Kevin said. “I know it was easy really,” Nathan replied. The friends were happy.
Yet towards night, as the dark clouds gathered overhead, the atmosphere shifted, and a sudden storm erupted with unforgiving anger. Rain poured down from the heavens like a relentless waterfall, transforming the peaceful campsite into a muddy battleground. Worse still, a huge tree was uprooted and crashed down with a deafening crack on their only means of escape - their car. Kevin’s eyes widened in horror as he spotted the damaged wreckage beneath the fallen giant. “Our car!” he screamed over the howling wind, his voice a mix of disbelief and despair. “We’re stuck here,” he declared, his words barely audible against the backdrop of thunder and raindrops. They realized that their plans had been violently spoiled by forces beyond their control. The once quiet campsite now stood as a deserted battlefield, the fallen tree serving as a painful reminder of the unpredictable nature of the world around them.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: The next day, they found themselves facing the immediate problem of finding water.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: On the third night, a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Paragraph 1: The next day, they found themselves facing the immediate problem of finding water. The search for water soon drained their energy. They were about to give up when they heard a small sound, a splash of some sort. They ran as fast as they could and found a small stream-a lifeline in all the challenges. However, with time passing by, more challenges emerged -limited food, frightful night filled with wilderness sounds, and the uncertainty of survival in the wild. Their nerves were near the edge of breaking down after long hours of uncertainty in the wilderness.
Paragraph 2: On the third night, a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness. Relief washed over the weary faces as they witnessed the approach of a rugged vehicle. Kevin’s dad stepped out to meet the group. The emotions that played across their faces - disbelief, gratitude, and overwhelming joy- mirrored the shared trouble that had forged a deep bond among them. Back home, Kevin’s dad said, “Good thing you told me those directions,” teaching them the importance of informing someone about plans. The experience turned into tales of courage and resilience, embedded in their memories as lessons for a lifetime.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。凯文和朋友杰伊和内森要去露营，在爸爸的追问下告诉爸爸方向，然后离开了。然而，夜幕降临时，一场突如其来的风暴带着无情的愤怒爆发了。一棵大树，轰然倒下，击中了他们唯一的逃生工具——他们的汽车。他们意识到他们的计划被他们无法控制的力量粗暴地破坏了。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“第二天，他们发现自己面临着寻找水的紧迫问题。”可知，第一段可以描写他们寻找水的艰难过程和面临的其它挑战。
②由第二段句首内容“当他们看到一辆粗犷的车辆驶近时，疲惫的脸上顿时松了一口气。”可知，第二段可以描写他们获救的过程和感悟。
2.续写线索：面临缺水—寻找水源—找到—看到汽车—获救—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①使耗尽：drain/exhaust
②放弃：give up/waive
③出现：emerge/appear
情绪类
①可怕的：frightful/terrifying
②疲倦的：weary/tired
【点睛】【高分句型1】They were about to give up when they heard a small sound, a splash of some sort.( 运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】However, with time passing by, more challenges emerged -limited food, frightful night filled with wilderness sounds, and the uncertainty of survival in the wild.( 运用了with time passing by的with复合结构)
【高分句型3】The emotions that played across their faces - disbelief, gratitude, and overwhelming joy- mirrored the shared trouble that had forged a deep bond among them. (运用了that引导的定语从句)2023-2024学年高三下学期4月强化拉练一
英语试题
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Paris Tours
Using both traveler opinions and expert advice, we track down some of the best tours in Pans.
Bike About Tours—Hidden Paris Bike Tour
Price: Adults from 45 euros; kids from 20 euros
Duration:3.5 hours
A guide takes you on back streets to both famous and lesscr-known attructions throughout Paris. Along theway, guides share historical and cultural anecdotes (轶事). Tours depart daily at 10 a. m. and 2:30 p. m.
Big Bus Paris Hop—On Hop-Off Tour
Price: Adults from 45 euros; kids from 25 euros
Duration: About 2 hours
Double-decker, open-lop buses take you to 10 stops near attractions. All buses are equipped with a prerecorded audio tour in 11 different languages. Buses run from around 10 a. m. to about 7:30 p. m. daily.
Paris Charms and Secrets
Price: From 59 euros
Duration:3.5 to 4 hours
A guide will lead you through the city on an electric bike, stopping at some of Paris’ most famous attractions and storied monuments (纪念碑) to tell you a good story related to its culture, a secret about a passageway or along-forgotten historical tale. Tours depart at 9 a. m., 2:30 p. m. and 8 p. m. daily.
Paris By Mouth——North Marais Tour
Price: From 125 euros
Duration:3.5 hours
In the tour designed only for adults, your guide will bring you to some of the neighborhood’s most respected shops, which specialize in bread, cheese, pastry and charcuterie. Then the tour stops at a wine shop and includesa seated tasting with wine pairings. The tour runs daily at multiple times.
21. How does Big Bus Paris Hop——On Hop-Off Tour differ from the other tours
A. It doesn’t have a guide. B. It operates 24 hours a day.
C. It isn’t designed for everyone. D. It costs the least of all the four tours.
22. What can visitors do during Paris Charms and Secrets
A. Visit an electric-bike factory. B. Learn historical and cultural stories.
C. Explore a secret passageway in Paris. D. Take open-top buses to ten attractions.
23. Which tour will be food lovers’ favorite
A. Bike About Tours——Hidden Paris Bike Tour B. Paris Charms and Secrets.
C. Paris By Mouth——North Marais Tour. D. Big Bus Paris Hop—On Hop-Off Tour.
B
Our species’ incredible capacity to quickly acquire words from 300 by age 2 to over 1, 000 by age 4 isn’t fully understood. Some cognitive scientists and linguists have theorized that people are born with built-in expectations and logical constraints (约束) that make this possible. Now, however, machine-learning research is showing that preprogrammed assumptions aren’t necessary to swiftly pick up word meanings from minimal data.
A team of scientists has successfully trained a basic artificial intelligence model to match images to words using just 61 hours of naturalistic footage (镜头) and sound-previously collected from a child named Sam in 2013 and 2014. Although it’s a small slice of a child’s life, it was apparently enough to prompt the AI to figure out what certain words mean.
The findings suggest that language acquisition could be simpler than previously thought. Maybe children “don’t need a custom-built, high-class language-specific mechanism” to efficiently grasp word meanings, says Jessica Sullivan, an associate professor of psychology at Skidmore College. “This is a really beautiful study, ” she says, because it offers evidence that simple information from a child’s worldview is rich enough to kick-start pattern recognition and word comprehension.
The new study also demonstrates that it’s possible for machines to learn similarly to the way that humans do. Large language models are trained on enormous amounts of data that can include billions and sometimes trillions of word combinations. Humans get by on orders of magnitude less information, says the paper’s lead author Wai Keen Vong. With the right type of data, that gap between machine and human learning could narrow dramatically.
Yet additional study is necessary in certain aspects of the new research. For one, the scientists acknowledge that their findings don’t prove how children acquire words. Moreover, the study only focused on recognizing the words for physical objects.
Still, it’s a step toward a deeper understanding of our own mind, which can ultimately help us improve human education, says Eva Portelance, a computational linguistics researcher. She notes that AI research can also bring clarity to long-unanswered questions about ourselves. “We can use these models in a good way, to benefit science and society, ” Portelance adds.
24. What is a significant finding of machine-learning research
A. Vocabulary increases gradually with age.
B. Vocabulary can be acquired from minimal data.
C. Language acquisition is tied to built-in expectations.
D. Language acquisition is as complex as formerly assumed.
25. What does the underlined word “prompt” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Facilitate. B. Persuade. C. Advise. D. Expect.
26. What is discussed about the new research in paragraph 5
A. Its limitations. B. Its strengths. C. Its uniqueness. D. Its process.
27. What is Eva Portelance’s attitude to the AI research
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious. C. Dismissive. D. Positive.
C
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students, forced to compete with the stimuli of smartphones and laptops in large lecture halls. But when your professor is a social media star, it’s a little bit easier.
Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed to get her students, as well as future generations, excited about the science. Known as “Dr. Tatiana” to her students and online fan base, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across TikTok and other social media platforms.
In the kid-friendly videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. She credits the university marketing team’s videos of her lessons for her social media success. “This is just one of our ways to connect with people to make physics accessible to people,” she tells NPR. As part of the physics department’s extensive outreach program, she also puts on shows almost every week teaching physics to K-12 students. “The sooner kids are taught physics and taught it well, the better,” she says.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she says she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors, as she had for a few years prior to that. But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are make or break.
“I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake,” she says. “I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning, and then it took me a while to find my voice.”
By the second semester, she found her footing, tweaking her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller, and get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal.
28. What is the main challenge faced by college professors in large lecture halls
A. Competition with smartphones and laptops.
B. Limited resources for·teaching materials.
C. Inadequate support from the university.
D. Lack of interest from students.
29. What role does the university marketing team play in Tatiana Erukhimova’s social media success
A. Encouraging students to use social media.
B. Creating TikTok accounts for professors.
C. Producing videos of her physics lessons.
D Promoting weekly teaching program.
30. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Erukhimova’s junior students in Paragraph 4
A. To review her teaching plans.
B. To show an application of her idea.
C. To highlight the differences of teaching.
D. To erase doubts about her approaches.
31. What lesson did Tatiana Erukhimova learn when she initially started teaching college freshman
A. The importance of establishing a personal connection with students.
B. The significance of focusing on junior-level students.
C. The effectiveness of traditional teaching methods.
D. The need for advanced teaching materials.
D
Cities, covering less than 2% of the Earth’s surface, are major contributors to climate change, consuming almost 80% of the world’s energy and producing more than 60% of greenhouse gas emissions. Fortunately, net zero emissions (净零排放) by 2050, a target set at the COP26 conference, could be achieved faster using digital twins cities, according to a recent research.
Looking and behaving identically in their real-world physical environments, digital twins can help track, manage and reduce environmental damage rapidly. These replicas (复制品) link to networks of sensors that collect data from buildings, transport, air quality, and energy use, to see where emissions can be cut and efficiency improved. Similar technologies have been in use since NASA’s Apollo moon mission in 1969, where computers and machine replicas were used to test and monitor spacecraft.
Research shows that digital twins can save cities more than $ 280 billion globally by 2030 through more efficient urban planning. Digital twin provider Cityzenith believes that net zero deadlines could be achieved 15 years earlier if the world’s 100 biggest cities use the technology to decarbonize. “They are the perfect tool for managing and speeding up the energy transformation,” said CEO Michael Jansen. “We could get to net zero globally by 2035.”
Over the past decades big tech companies around the world, including GE Digital and Siemens, have developed software for replicating cities, including a district of Berlin, the island nation of Singapore, and the entire city of Shanghai in China. In the US, the Digital Twin Consortium is working to standardize how digital twins are built and share data. Technology company MX3D built the world’s first 3D-printed stainless steel bridge and co-created its digital twin. CEO Gijs van der Velden believes twins will give us precise control over the built environment.
Recently, OpenAI also made advances in this field. On February 15, the company revealed its latest groundbreaking tech—Sora to the world. Sora is a text-to-video generative AI model. It can generate videos that matches the text prompt (文本提示) given to it in a few seconds. Experts believe Sora is likely to be applied in science and national defence in the future.
32. How does the author show the impact of cities on climate change
A. By listing data. B. By giving examples.
C. By comparing opinions. D. By quoting research findings.
33. What’s Michael Jansen’s attitude towards digital twins
A. Approving. B. Opposed. C. Unconcerned. D. Objective.
34. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A. Sora has been used in scientific research and military.
B. Gijs van der Velden has little faith in digital twins’ future.
C. Digital twins technology is developing rapidly around the world.
D. Few tech companies are involved in the study of replicating cities.
35. Which is the best title of this passage
A. Net Zero Emissions Could Be Hit 15 Years Earlier
B. Cityzenith Is Working on Promoting Digital Twin Cities
C. Big Cities Are to Blame for the Severe Environment Pollution
D. Digital Twin Cities Can Reduce the Impact of Planet’s Largest Polluters
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Super communicators are people who are consistently able to create real connections with others just by listening and talking. The following are four habits of super communicators.
They know what kind of conversation they’re having. Super communicators are usually able to respond accordingly. If you’re having a practical conversation, your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions. ___36___ If your friend is just expressing his feelings, you just need to be a good listener.
They prove they’re listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening, like making eye contact or nodding. To do that, experts suggest a technique called “cycle for understanding”. Ask a question and listen to the response. Repeat what they just told you. Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct. ___37___
They ask a lot of the right questions. Research shows that highly effective communicators tend to ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else. They may simply be follow-up questions like “What happened next ”. Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up. ___38___ They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connection.
___39___ The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own views accordingly. The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from. ___40___
A. They aim to understand.
B. Experts call them “deep questions”.
C. They are persuasive communicators.
D. The decisions should be easy to carry out.
E. This practice sounds simple but is powerful.
F. Then you should be ready to give good advice.
G. And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college, the ___41___ of our relationship has totally changed and our relationship is completely ___42___. I’m not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her. I won’t know when she’s mad or when she’s happy. Here’s a little story of our new ___43___.
A week ago, my daughter wanted to ___44___ so she called me during the day as I was in meetings. I ___45___her later on, but she was in class. At midnight, she reached out ___46___ to ask if we could talk. Well, guess what I was ___47___ . I thought we would talk the next day, but she was not ___48___ .
Research shows that parents are ___49___ when their children are grown up, but for me that is when I start to get concerned. I am always left to____50____ , how can I, as a parent, remain ____51____to my daughter to guide, support and love through life's changes
We may have to ____52____ the way we communicate. My daughter encouraged me to go digital. That’s how I ventured into the world of social media, following her updates and occasionally sharing my own experiences. Through this ____53____ presence, the physical gap is ____54____and I feel I still have an active role in her life. This experience serves as a reminder that ____55____, however scary, holds the promise of growth in our shared journey.
41.
A. problem B. progress C. goal D. context
42.
A. cold B. special C. different D. casual
43.
A. normal B. idea C. approach D. solution
44.
A. catch up B. take over C. check out D. break away
45.
A. visited B. touched C. tried D. emailed
46.
A. by taxi B. by text C. in private D. in person
47.
A. stupid B. angry C. excited D. asleep
48.
A. available B. interested C. ready D. guilty
49.
A. saddest B. busiest C. happiest D. best
50.
A. decide B. wonder C. investigate D. distinguish
51.
A. kind B. appreciative C. sensitive D. relevant
52.
A. voice B. ignore C. shift D. continue
53.
A. human B. virtual C. physical D. permanent
54.
A. widened B. formed C. broken D. bridged
55.
A. college B. relationship C. change D. communication
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Feb 8, 2001, workers at a construction site in Jinsha village, Chengdu, found many pieces of ivory and jade and the hidden ruins of the capital of the ancient Shu Kingdom were brought ____56____light by archaeologists. Among the over 5,000 precious relics ____57____(excavate)from the ruins, the most eye-catching is the Golden Sun Bird. It is made from delicate gold foil(箔), just one ____58____(five)of a millimeter thick. It has two sections: The center is a sun pattern with 12 rays ____59____(indicate)the rotation(自转)of the sun and around the sun are four birds flying anticlockwise. According to archaeologists, the four birds symbolize four seasons, while the 12 rays ____60____(mean)to represent 12 months of the year. Hence, it could be inferred that over 3000 years ago ancient Shu people possessed ____61____ good knowledge of astronomy and nature. Furthermore, this masterpiece is believed to be an illustration of an ancient Chinese myth recorded in the classic The Legends of Mountains and Seas, ____62____ was written about 2,500 years ago. According to the book, ancient people believed the sun was carried up ____63____down by birds daily.
In 2005, the pattern was ____64____(successful)selected as the symbol of China’s cultural heritage to showcase the ancient Chinese people’s _____65_____( wise)and aspirations.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你校正在举办以“四月八日国际珍稀动物保护日”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 珍稀动物的重要性；
2. 保护珍稀动物的倡议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Protecting Rare Animals
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kevin woke to the blaring beep of his alarm clock. “Can’t wait for that camping trip,” Kevin thought, filled with excitement. As he was leaving home, his dad grabbed him by the hand and said, “Before you go, just tell me the directions on where you and your friends are going to stay.”
“But dad!” Kevin complained.
“No buts!” Kevin’s dad added.
“Fine.” Kevin told him the directions and left.
The three friends, Kevin, Jay and Nathan, had been planning this adventure for weeks, packing their stuff-tents, snacks, and a map-preparing for a 3-day outdoor exploration. Excitement ran through Kevin as they departed for their campsite. “This trip is going to be awesome, ” Nathan excitedly yelled as they set off. But little did they know that nature had a surprise in store for them.
The first day at the campsite was going great, setting up tents, collecting firewood, and sharing stories. “Man, we nailed these tents, ” Kevin said. “I know it was easy really,” Nathan replied. The friends were happy.
Yet towards night, as the dark clouds gathered overhead, the atmosphere shifted, and a sudden storm erupted with unforgiving anger. Rain poured down from the heavens like a relentless waterfall, transforming the peaceful campsite into a muddy battleground. Worse still, a huge tree was uprooted and crashed down with a deafening crack on their only means of escape - their car. Kevin’s eyes widened in horror as he spotted the damaged wreckage beneath the fallen giant. “Our car!” he screamed over the howling wind, his voice a mix of disbelief and despair. “We’re stuck here,” he declared, his words barely audible against the backdrop of thunder and raindrops. They realized that their plans had been violently spoiled by forces beyond their control. The once quiet campsite now stood as a deserted battlefield, the fallen tree serving as a painful reminder of the unpredictable nature of the world around them.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: The next day, they found themselves facing the immediate problem of finding water.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: On the third night, a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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