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英语试卷
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考号及座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。不写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案C。
1. What does the man probably order
A. Iced coffee. B. Ice cream. C. Teacakes.
2. What is the woman doing
A. She is looking for her way. B. She is picking up her friends. C. She is boarding the flight.
3. What is the woman’s advice
A. Teaching Jackson at home.
B. Discussing the problem afterward.
C. Finding a strict teacher for Jackson.
4. When does the man have to reach the station
A. At 4:30. B. At 5: 00. C. At 5:30.
5. What is Jennifer going to do this Saturday
A. See a doctor. B. Go to church. C. Go to the cinema.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Who is the woman
A. A doctor. B. A patient. C. A receptionist.
7. What happened to the man a month ago
A. He lost his suitcase. B. He got his back injured. C. He gave his neighbor a suitcase.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Where might the conversation take place
A. In the office. B. In the theater. C. In the store.
9. How many sweaters does the woman buy for herself
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至13题。
10. What is the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Mom and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Salesgirl and customer.
11. What is an advantage of getting a credit card according to the woman
A. Buying goods on discount. B. Building a credit rating. C. Keeping up with the times.
12. How does the woman plan to pay off the credit card bill
A. By saving money. B. By earning money by herself. C. By using birthday money.
13. What does the man think of the woman’s behavior
A. Crazy. B. Satisfying. C. Embarrassing.
听第9段材料, 回答第14 至17题。
14. Where did the man travel with his parents
A. China. B. Mexico. C. Thailand.
15. What makes the woman’s parents’ travel easier
A. Smartphone apps. B. Maps of big cities C. Local guides.
16. What does the woman expect to do
A. Learn to drive. B. Enjoy quiet places. C. Live in a small town.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Different cities. B. Their parents’ personalities. C. Traveling with parents.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. Who came up with the idea of the egg-rolling contest
A. Scottish people. B. The Americans. C. Lucy Hayes.
19. Why did America change the place for the egg-rolling contest
A. To attract more people. B. To hold it more conveniently. C. To avoid potential damage.
20. When did the boy ask President Hayes to hold the egg-rolling contest
A. In 1876. B. In 1877. C. In 1878.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
NIH Summer Internship (实习生) Program in Biomedical Research (SIP)
This program is to provide a developmental training experience for promising high school students who have expressed a strong interest in or are studying disciplines related to biomedical sciences.
Applicants must be:
* 17 years of age or older
* high school seniors at the time of application
* able to pass the Federal background check
* within 40 miles of the NIH campus on which they will intern if they are 17 years of age (this requirement does not apply to applicants who are 18 and older)
* having American citizenship or permanent residency
For minors under 18 years of age, if required by state or local government law, work permits must be obtained. A written agreement of a parent or guardian is also required.
Complete your application
You must use the NIH Application Center to apply for this program:
1. After you complete the required sections of your profile, you will be asked to select a preferred program. Choose “Summer internships for high school students”.
2. You must select “Apply” next to “High School Summer Internship Program” for your application to be considered for this program.
3. To complete your application, import any relevant information from your profile.
You must also submit:
* Coursework & Exams—a list of coursework and grades
* CV/Resume (简历)—a list of your education, experience, and other relevant history
* Letter/Statement—a cover letter broadly describing your prior research experience, your current interests and career goals
* References—letters containing the names and contact information of two referees
1. What is the purpose of the program
A. To provide training chances. B. To offer teenagers job positions.
C. To inspire students’ interest in science. D. To select promising high school students.
2. What is a requirement to participates in the program
A. Having intern experience. B. Majoring in biomedical science.
C. Living on or near the NIH campus. D. Being U.S. citizens or permanent residents.
3. What must be included in the submission
A. Application fee. B. Reference books.
C. Personal photos. D. Recommendation letters.
B
When Sourabh Jain first became a father to his daughter, he struggled with bonding with her in the beginning. That’s when he realized that games and books are interactive and provide an opportunity to spend hours with her. Thus he began the hunt for games and toys that not only helped him bond with his daughter but also contributed to her cognitive (认知的) development.
During this search, he realized that not only are these toys and games hard to find, but they can also burn a hole in one’s pocket. Another realization was that there is always some amount of plastic in the toys and it is harmful to the environment and the little ones.
While he expected to give his daughter the world, he also wanted to leave behind a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable world for her. Today, he owns The EleFant—a toy rental company, or in Sourabh’s words, “a labor of love”.
Currently, the company has a customer base of more than 250 subscribers with over 2,000 downloads of the application per day. They also have collaborations with 70 toy companies where they source their toys.
Among these 250 subscribers is Rahul Bhauwala who rents toys for his 6-year-old son. “I am a working professional and I hardly get any time to go out and spend hours looking for and buying toys. I could use that precious time to play with my child instead. This is why I love using The EleFant app. They have a wide range of toys which are categorized by age group. The products are very well-packaged and my son loved opening them as it looked like a present to him,” he says.
As for the future, Sourabh says, “Our intention was not to make it an expensive and exclusive service (专属服务). Instead, we aimed to provide an opportunity for everyone to give their children everything in a sustainable manner. The value is kept in this way, emphasizing inclusivity and accessibility for all.”
4 What did Sourabh find when searching for toys for his daughter
A. Pockets often get damaged by toys. B. Eco-friendly toys are hard to find.
C. Toys could bond him with his daughter. D. Toys do good to cognitive development.
5. What aspect of The EleFant attracted Rahul Bhauwala most
A. Its convenience. B. Its delivery service.
C. Its popularity. D. Its cheap rental price.
6. What will Sourabh focus on
A. Producing more toys. B. Expanding his company.
C. Making his service more accessible. D. Donating toys to poor families.
7. Which words best describe Sourabh
A. Successful and humorous. B. Generous and modest.
C. Talented and creative. D. Responsible and business-minded.
C
Supermarkets, conservationists and farming groups have shown their concerns about pollution of the Wye, one of the UK’s longest rivers. “The pollution pressures upon the Wye are unacceptable and there was strong enthusiasm for cooperative action to resolve the problem.” said Craig Bennett, head of the Wildlife Trusts.
The pollution referred largely to runoff of the nutrient-rich waste matter produced by the 20 million-plus chickens near the river.
Bennett said: “We discussed how if the Wye were a school or a hospital, we would be calling for it to be placed into ‘special measures’. We agreed the same level of urgency must be applied.”
Increasing concern led the local government to hold a discussion in May, when they promised to publish a plan for the Wye by the autumn. However, the local government’s push on the river was marred in June when the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs published a Wye video showing sea otters (海獺) rather than the river’s local European otters. The pollution of the Wye was not mentioned at all.
In July Bennett hosted a Wye round table in Powys, Wales, bringing together local groups, the Environment Agency, the chicken produce Avara Foodsr, regional branches of the National Farmers Union and local authorities. They agreed on a plan that included cutting the nutrient pollution “through a reduction in animal numbers” and other measures.
Bennett also wrote to Julie James, the Welsh Climate Change Minister, who said, “I share your concern for the health of the River Wye and other Welsh rivers.”
A supermarket chain said they are committed to protecting the river and engaging with their chicken suppliers to tackle water pollution. They have detailed management plans to make sure their suppliers are farming with care for the environment. A government spokesman said: “We are offering a wide range of support to farmers to speed up their transition to more sustainable practices and help protect this important site.”
8. Why does Bennett compare the Wye with a school or a hospital
A. To call for urgent measures. B. To stress the impacts of the river.
C. To show the importance of the river. D. To urge people to protect the environment.
9. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “marred” in Paragraph 4
A. Destroyed. B. Boosted C. Perfected. D. Emphasized.
10. What is agreed on at the round table
A. Making a careful plan. B. Reducing animal numbers.
C. Arousing people’s awareness. D. Asking the government for money.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Sea Otters Are under Attack for Possible Pollution
B. Cooperated Efforts Are Made to Protect the Wye
C. People Are Having More Environmental Awareness
D. More Measures Should Be Taken to Prevent Air Pollution
D
The days of just teaching kids their ABCs are long gone. Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom: being self-aware, self-managing, socially aware, relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society. That is quite an ask!
Social-emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order. It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal (内心的), interpersonal, and cognitive competence. This process improves individual students’ skills and makes for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society. This theory truly allows individuals to develop well.
SEL has effectively predicted positive school adjustment in the school setting, promoted learning engagement, minimized discipline problems, increased high school graduation rates, and promoted future employment and adult health. A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions. Further, not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions, but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.
Developing an identity is necessary for maturing adults, and SEL satisfies this requirement, In assisting students in developing their identity, SEL helps to increase self-confidence, self-compassion, identification of strengths and needs, and recognition of needs, values, and judgments.
In the classroom. SEL has been shown to positively impact students’ attitudes, behaviors, and academic performance. Further, it decreases negative behaviors, such as being off-task or aggressive, and substance abuse. SEL enhances the learning environment and makes it a safe place for learning.
Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health, but it is also important for teachers’ mental health. SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management and decreases reports of teacher burnout. Ultimately, SEL creates a calmer classroom environment, which makes educating students much easier.
12. What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 1 stand for
A. Teaching kids their ABCs. B. Preparing students for life beyond class.
C. All the hopes placed on students. D. Teaching students self-management.
13. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2
A. How to be a successful learner. B. How to meet the students’ needs.
C. What is needed for a community. D. What is social-emotional learning.
14. What is the most important part of SEL
A. Giving students a definite identity. B. Allowing students to predict their future.
C. Guaranteeing students’ future employment. D. Helping students understand and manage emotions.
15. What can we infer about SEL from the last paragraph
A. It is a win-win method. B. It is criticized by students.
C. It may make teachers tired. D. It is a magical tool for teachers.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Thinking about adopting a healthy lifestyle Congratulations! There are so many reasons for adopting a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips to help you get started with your new habits.
Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle ____16____ Your why should reflect your values and what’s important to you. Knowing your specific why will help you to not just get started, but will help keep you focused and motivated as it guides your journey.
Focus on behaviors, not results. ____17____ But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial. It’s actually some daily health-promoting behaviors that will create change and can lead to the health outcomes you desire.
____18____ Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight. This is also why you don’t need a long list telling you everything you need to stop doing. You just need to take the first step.
Remember it’s not all or nothing. A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing. ____19____ So focus on eating foods and creating habits that make you feel good.
Can you do it forever One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life ” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever ____20____
A. Start small and take steady steps.
B. Why is doing this important for you
C. Make a list of habits you want to build.
D. It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes.
E. In a word, fasting is harmful and no one would like to do so.
F. If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results.
G. It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, my younger brother Darrin tore the old engine out of his Dodge Challenger. Then he ____21____ it piece by piece, and put it back together again all by himself. He was 16. All he ____22____ was a Chilton’s shop manual (使用手册) for the car, his own curiosity, and a strong desire to ____23____ how things worked.
Later, I asked him about this ____24____ and how he made it. His answer was ____25____—he just did it. He wanted a new car and couldn’t afford to buy another one, so this was really his only ____26____. He had nothing to lose and was highly ____27____ to make the engine work. He ____28____ with it, paid close attention to how he took it apart, made a lot of mistakes, and reached points where he wasn’t ____29____ what to do next. When that happened, he asked a friend or a friend’s dad for ____30____, tried this and tried that, until he finished the work. To me it was a (n) ____31____ achievement.
Our ____32____ to do hard things increases when we try doing those hard things. It is ____33____ limited by our own will and imagination. We learn by trying, by making mistakes, and by ____34____ help from those who know more sometimes just a little more-than we do.
Never ____35____ trying new things. The more one does, the more one can do.
21. A. discovered B. rebuilt C. donated D. reserved
22. A. detected B. preferred C. occupied D. had
23. A. figure out B. give away C. bring up D. rule out
24. A. property B. campaign C. guide D. project
25. A. correct B. serious C. simple D. funny
26. A. luck B. option C. requirement D. relaxation
27. A. expected B. forced C. convinced D. motivated
28 A. communicated B. competed C. experimented D. disagreed
29. A. sure B. afraid C. curious D. satisfied
30. A. permission B. courage C. advice D. reward
31. A. amazing B. common C. confusing D. strange
32. A. anxiety B. capacity C. income D. impatience
33. A. rarely B. necessarily C. originally D. mostly
34. A. seeking B. offering C. affording D. avoiding
35. A. admit B. stop C. fancy D. keep
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket, developed by Chinese privately-owned aerospace company LandSpace, ____36____ (launch) into space on September 9th, 2023 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, taking three satellites into orbit.
It is the second successful flight for the company with the ZQ-2 series rocket, the ____37____ (late) example of Chinese privately-owned aerospace companies sending satellites into orbit. The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the ____38____ (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the ____39____ (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket, and also ____40____ (mark) a step forward for the company and China’s commercial aerospace industry.
The ZQ-2 Y3 has ____41____ total length of 49.5 meters, which is capable of placing a 1.5-ton payload into a typical sun-synchronous orbit at about 500 kilometers above the Earth. Future models could ultimately increase the payload to four tons, ____42____ can facilitate the deployment (部署) of low earth orbit satellites and cargo spacecraft.
Now China is home ____43____ world-class enterprises in the fields of raw materials, electronic information, and equipment required for rocket manufacturing (制造). ____44____ (obvious), the rapid development of China’s commercial aerospace companies and the domestically developed rockets with cost advantages _____45_____ (benefit) China’s Internet constellation (互联网星座) construction plan greatly in the future.
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你作为校广播站《英语天地》栏目记者在上周五参加了你校图书馆外文书角的开幕仪式, 请你为栏目写一篇英文报道。内容如下:
1 介绍开幕式活动;
2. 介绍外文书角。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I woke up, I felt pains all over. A pool of sticky blood surrounded my head. I lay trapped in the bottom of n smooth-walled pit (坑) with an empty water bottle.
I thought of what had happened. I was climbing down the mountain as I was admiring the beautiful scenery. Accidentally. I stepped on a loose rock. Then I slipped, fell with the rock and got stuck somewhere below the top. It was getting dark in the pit. Only my mother knew where I’d gone. I promised to have lunch with her. Thinking of this. I took my phone out and dialed her number with shaking fingers. No service. The silence, which earlier I’d valued, was now horrible.
With a sharp pain in my head, I was terrified. I knew I’d fallen far, but I wasn’t sure where I was. I called 911 because I knew by the pain that my back was severely injured, if not broken. My ear was torn badly. There was still no service. I dug through my bag to assess my supplies and found a whistle and some wipes.
I put the whistle around my neck and blew, though I knew no one would hear me. It was 1:15 pm and I was miles from the town where I lived. I used the wipes to clean off as much blood as I could. I rested. Then I screamed, blew my whistle, and let myself think the unthinkable. What if they can’t find me What if this is it
I decided to get moving. I climbed through a small opening, but when I peered over the next edge, my heart sank: there was a 30-foot drop. There was no way down. I was trapped.
I knew with that extreme Arizona heat in the day and bitter desert cold at night, I wouldn’t last long. But I thought my mother was sure to call the police for help if she couldn’t get in touch with me. With a little hope, I prayed the police would send a helicopter (直升机) to my resecu.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Around five hours later, a growing buzz (嗡嗡声) in the air broke the silence.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Though the pilot saw me, it was difficult for the team to get to me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________英语试卷
注意事项:
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考号及座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。不写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man probably order
A. Iced coffee. B. Ice cream. C. Teacakes.
2. What is the woman doing
A. She is looking for her way. B. She is picking up her friends. C. She is boarding the flight.
3. What is the woman’s advice
A Teaching Jackson at home.
B. Discussing the problem afterward.
C. Finding a strict teacher for Jackson.
4. When does the man have to reach the station
A. At 4:30. B. At 5: 00. C. At 5:30.
5. What is Jennifer going to do this Saturday
A. See a doctor. B. Go to church. C. Go to the cinema.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Who is the woman
A. A doctor. B. A patient. C. A receptionist.
7. What happened to the man a month ago
A. He lost his suitcase. B. He got his back injured. C. He gave his neighbor a suitcase.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Where might the conversation take place
A. In the office. B. In the theater. C. In the store.
9. How many sweaters does the woman buy for herself
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至13题。
10. What is the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Mom and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Salesgirl and customer.
11 What is an advantage of getting a credit card according to the woman
A. Buying goods on discount. B. Building a credit rating. C. Keeping up with the times.
12. How does the woman plan to pay off the credit card bill
A. By saving money. B. By earning money by herself. C. By using birthday money.
13. What does the man think of the woman’s behavior
A. Crazy. B. Satisfying. C. Embarrassing.
听第9段材料, 回答第14 至17题。
14. Where did the man travel with his parents
A. China. B. Mexico. C. Thailand.
15. What makes the woman’s parents’ travel easier
A. Smartphone apps. B. Maps of big cities C. Local guides.
16. What does the woman expect to do
A. Learn to drive. B. Enjoy quiet places. C. Live in a small town.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Different cities. B. Their parents’ personalities. C. Traveling with parents.
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. Who came up with the idea of the egg-rolling contest
A. Scottish people. B. The Americans. C. Lucy Hayes.
19. Why did America change the place for the egg-rolling contest
A. To attract more people. B. To hold it more conveniently. C. To avoid potential damage.
20. When did the boy ask President Hayes to hold the egg-rolling contest
A. In 1876. B. In 1877. C. In 1878.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
NIH Summer Internship (实习生) Program in Biomedical Research (SIP)
This program is to provide a developmental training experience for promising high school students who have expressed a strong interest in or are studying disciplines related to biomedical sciences.
Applicants must be:
* 17 years of age or older
* high school seniors at the time of application
* able to pass the Federal background check
* within 40 miles of the NIH campus on which they will intern if they are 17 years of age (this requirement does not apply to applicants who are 18 and older)
* having American citizenship or permanent residency
For minors under 18 years of age, if required by state or local government law, work permits must be obtained. A written agreement of a parent or guardian is also required.
Complete your application
You must use the NIH Application Center to apply for this program:
1. After you complete the required sections of your profile, you will be asked to select a preferred program. Choose “Summer internships for high school students”.
2. You must select “Apply” next to “High School Summer Internship Program” for your application to be considered for this program.
3. To complete your application, import any relevant information from your profile.
You must also submit:
* Coursework & Exams—a list of coursework and grades
* CV/Resume (简历)—a list of your education, experience, and other relevant history
* Letter/Statement—a cover letter broadly describing your prior research experience, your current interests and career goals
* References—letters containing the names and contact information of two referees
1. What is the purpose of the program
A. To provide training chances. B. To offer teenagers job positions.
C. To inspire students’ interest in science. D. To select promising high school students.
2. What is a requirement to participates in the program
A. Having intern experience. B. Majoring in biomedical science.
C. Living on or near the NIH campus. D. Being U.S. citizens or permanent residents.
3. What must be included in the submission
A. Application fee. B. Reference books.
C. Personal photos. D. Recommendation letters.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个高中生的暑期培训项目，包括对参加者的要求以及申请时需提交的相关材料等内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“This program is to provide a developmental training experience for promising high school students who have expressed a strong interest in or are studying disciplines related to biomedical sciences.(该计划旨在为那些对生物医学科学有浓厚兴趣或正在学习相关学科的有前途的高中生提供发展培训经验)”可知，该项目的目的是为学生提供培训机会。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Applicants must be部分中“* having American citizenship or permanent residency(拥有美国公民身份或永久居留权)”可知，申请者需是美国公民或永久居民。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Complete your application部分中“* References—letters containing the names and contact information of two referees(*推荐信——包含两位推荐人的姓名和联系信息的信件)”可知，提交的材料中必须包括两名推荐人的推荐信。故选D。
B
When Sourabh Jain first became a father to his daughter, he struggled with bonding with her in the beginning. That’s when he realized that games and books are interactive and provide an opportunity to spend hours with her. Thus he began the hunt for games and toys that not only helped him bond with his daughter but also contributed to her cognitive (认知的) development.
During this search, he realized that not only are these toys and games hard to find, but they can also burn a hole in one’s pocket. Another realization was that there is always some amount of plastic in the toys and it is harmful to the environment and the little ones.
While he expected to give his daughter the world, he also wanted to leave behind a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable world for her. Today, he owns The EleFant—a toy rental company, or in Sourabh’s words, “a labor of love”.
Currently, the company has a customer base of more than 250 subscribers with over 2,000 downloads of the application per day. They also have collaborations with 70 toy companies where they source their toys.
Among these 250 subscribers is Rahul Bhauwala who rents toys for his 6-year-old son. “I am a working professional and I hardly get any time to go out and spend hours looking for and buying toys. I could use that precious time to play with my child instead. This is why I love using The EleFant app. They have a wide range of toys which are categorized by age group. The products are very well-packaged and my son loved opening them as it looked like a present to him,” he says.
As for the future, Sourabh says, “Our intention was not to make it an expensive and exclusive service (专属服务). Instead, we aimed to provide an opportunity for everyone to give their children everything in a sustainable manner. The value is kept in this way, emphasizing inclusivity and accessibility for all.”
4. What did Sourabh find when searching for toys for his daughter
A. Pockets often get damaged by toys. B. Eco-friendly toys are hard to find.
C. Toys could bond him with his daughter. D. Toys do good to cognitive development.
5. What aspect of The EleFant attracted Rahul Bhauwala most
A. Its convenience. B. Its delivery service.
C. Its popularity. D. Its cheap rental price.
6. What will Sourabh focus on
A. Producing more toys. B. Expanding his company.
C. Making his service more accessible. D. Donating toys to poor families.
7. Which words best describe Sourabh
A. Successful and humorous. B. Generous and modest.
C. Talented and creative. D. Responsible and business-minded.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sourabh在为女儿寻找玩具的过程中，自己创办玩具租赁公司，为父母们提供方便的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“During this search, he realized that not only are these toys and games hard to find, but they can also burn a hole in one’s pocket. Another realization was that there is always some amount of plastic in the toys and it is harmful to the environment and the little ones.(在搜寻过程中，他意识到这些玩具和游戏不仅很难找到，而且还会让一个人的口袋烧个洞。另一个认识是，玩具中总会有一定量的塑料，这对环境和小孩子有害)”可知，Sourabh在为女儿寻找玩具时发现环保玩具很难找到。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I could use that precious time to play with my child instead. This is why I love using The EleFant app.(我可以用这宝贵的时间和我的孩子一起玩。这就是我喜欢使用The EleFant应用程序的原因)”可知，使用The EleFant app可以帮助他节约时间，即是便利更吸引他。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As for the future, Sourabh says, “Our intention was not to make it an expensive and exclusive service (专属服务). Instead, we aimed to provide an opportunity for everyone to give their children everything in a sustainable manner. The value is kept in this way, emphasizing inclusivity and accessibility for all.”(至于未来，苏拉布说：“我们的目的不是让它成为一项昂贵的独家服务。相反，我们的目标是为每个人提供一个机会，以可持续的方式给他们的孩子一切。以这种方式保持价值，强调所有人的包容性和可达性。”)”可知，Sourabh的目标是让每个人都有机会以可持续的方式给他们的孩子一切，强调所有人的包容性和可达性。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While he expected to give his daughter the world, he also wanted to leave behind a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable world for her.(虽然他希望给女儿一个世界，但他也想给她留下一个更清洁、更环保、更可持续的世界)”可知，Sourabh希望给自己的女儿一个可持续的、更干净清洁的世界， 说明他是有责任感的；根据第四段“Currently, the company has a customer base of more than 250 subscribers with over 2,000 downloads of the application per day. They also have collaborations with 70 toy companies where they source their toys.(目前，该公司拥有250多名订户，每天的下载量超过2000次。他们还与70家玩具公司合作，从这些公司采购玩具)”可知，他在为女儿找玩具的过程中发现商机，进而创办玩具租货公司，说明他是有商业头脑的。故选D。
C
Supermarkets, conservationists and farming groups have shown their concerns about pollution of the Wye, one of the UK’s longest rivers. “The pollution pressures upon the Wye are unacceptable and there was strong enthusiasm for cooperative action to resolve the problem.” said Craig Bennett, head of the Wildlife Trusts.
The pollution referred largely to runoff of the nutrient-rich waste matter produced by the 20 million-plus chickens near the river.
Bennett said: “We discussed how, if the Wye were a school or a hospital, we would be calling for it to be placed into ‘special measures’. We agreed the same level of urgency must be applied.”
Increasing concern led the local government to hold a discussion in May, when they promised to publish a plan for the Wye by the autumn. However, the local government’s push on the river was marred in June when the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs published a Wye video showing sea otters (海獺) rather than the river’s local European otters. The pollution of the Wye was not mentioned at all.
In July Bennett hosted a Wye round table in Powys, Wales, bringing together local groups, the Environment Agency, the chicken produce Avara Foodsr, regional branches of the National Farmers Union and local authorities. They agreed on a plan that included cutting the nutrient pollution “through a reduction in animal numbers” and other measures.
Bennett also wrote to Julie James, the Welsh Climate Change Minister, who said, “I share your concern for the health of the River Wye and other Welsh rivers.”
A supermarket chain said they are committed to protecting the river and engaging with their chicken suppliers to tackle water pollution. They have detailed management plans to make sure their suppliers are farming with care for the environment. A government spokesman said: “We are offering a wide range of support to farmers to speed up their transition to more sustainable practices and help protect this important site.”
8. Why does Bennett compare the Wye with a school or a hospital
A. To call for urgent measures. B. To stress the impacts of the river.
C. To show the importance of the river. D. To urge people to protect the environment.
9. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “marred” in Paragraph 4
A. Destroyed. B. Boosted C. Perfected. D. Emphasized.
10. What is agreed on at the round table
A. Making a careful plan. B. Reducing animal numbers.
C. Arousing people’s awareness. D. Asking the government for money.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Sea Otters Are under Attack for Possible Pollution
B. Cooperated Efforts Are Made to Protect the Wye
C. People Are Having More Environmental Awareness
D. More Measures Should Be Taken to Prevent Air Pollution
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了英国瓦伊河污染得到重视并准备治理的消息。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Bennett said: “We discussed how, if the Wye were a school or a hospital, we would be calling for it to be placed into ‘special measures’. We agreed the same level of urgency must be applied.”(Bennett说：“我们讨论过，如果怀伊是一所学校或医院，我们将如何要求将其置于‘特殊措施’之中。我们一致认为，必须采取同样的紧急措施。”)”可推知，Bennett觉得应该把瓦伊河的污染看作和学校或医院受到污染一样重要，必须采取同样程度的紧急措施。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“in June when the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs published a Wye video showing sea otters (海獺) rather than the river’s local European otters(当时环境、食品和农村事务部公布了一段怀伊的视频，视频中显示的是海獭，而不是这条河上当地的欧洲水獭)”可知，海獭事件的出现使得政府解决瓦伊河污染的推进工作受到了阻碍。故划线词意思是“破坏”。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“They agreed on a plan that included cutting the nutrient pollution “through a reduction in animal numbers” and other measures.(他们达成了一项计划，包括“通过减少动物数量”和其他措施来减少营养污染)”可知，在圆桌会议上达成了减少动物数量的协议。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Supermarkets, conservationists and farming groups have shown their concerns about pollution of the Wye, one of the UK’s longest rivers. “The pollution pressures upon the Wye are unacceptable and there was strong enthusiasm for cooperative action to resolve the problem.” said Craig Bennett, head of the Wildlife Trusts.(超市、自然资源保护主义者和农业组织对英国最长的河流之一怀伊河的污染表示担忧。“怀伊河的污染压力是不可接受的，大家都非常希望采取合作行动来解决问题。野生动物信托基金会负责人克雷格·贝内特说)”结合文章报道了英国瓦伊河遭到污染，政府以及连锁店积极想办法进行治理的事情，因此判断B项“共同努力保护河流”可以作为最佳标题。故选B。
D
The days of just teaching kids their ABCs are long gone. Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom: being self-aware, self-managing, socially aware, relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society. That is quite an ask!
Social-emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order. It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal (内心的), interpersonal, and cognitive competence. This process improves individual students’ skills and makes for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society. This theory truly allows individuals to develop well.
SEL has effectively predicted positive school adjustment in the school setting, promoted learning engagement, minimized discipline problems, increased high school graduation rates, and promoted future employment and adult health. A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions. Further, not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions, but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.
Developing an identity is necessary for maturing adults, and SEL satisfies this requirement, In assisting students in developing their identity, SEL helps to increase self-confidence, self-compassion, identification of strengths and needs, and recognition of needs, values, and judgments.
In the classroom. SEL has been shown to positively impact students’ attitudes, behaviors, and academic performance. Further, it decreases negative behaviors, such as being off-task or aggressive, and substance abuse. SEL enhances the learning environment and makes it a safe place for learning.
Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health, but it is also important for teachers’ mental health. SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management and decreases reports of teacher burnout. Ultimately, SEL creates a calmer classroom environment, which makes educating students much easier.
12. What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 1 stand for
A. Teaching kids their ABCs. B. Preparing students for life beyond class.
C. All the hopes placed on students. D. Teaching students self-management.
13. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2
A. How to be a successful learner. B. How to meet the students’ needs.
C. What is needed for a community. D. What is social-emotional learning.
14. What is the most important part of SEL
A. Giving students a definite identity. B. Allowing students to predict their future.
C. Guaranteeing students’ future employment. D. Helping students understand and manage emotions.
15. What can we infer about SEL from the last paragraph
A. It is a win-win method. B. It is criticized by students.
C. It may make teachers tired. D. It is a magical tool for teachers.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社交情绪学习（SEL）的概念以及应用。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom: being self-aware, self-managing, socially aware, relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society. (现代教育工作者肩负着一项看似不可能的责任，那就是确保今天的年轻人在学术上为课堂之外的生活做好准备:成为自我意识、自我管理、社会意识、建立关系和负责任的决策者，为社会做出积极贡献。)”可知，现代教育工作者肩负着一项看似不可能的责任，那就是确保今天的年轻人在学术上为课堂之外的生活做好准备，冒号后为需要准备的内容。that指代上文提到的事情，故划线词指代的是“让学生们为课堂之外的生活做好准备”。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Social-emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order. (社交情绪学习(Social-emotional learning, SEL)回应了这一要求，并完成了这一艰巨的任务。)”以及本段中“It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal (内心的), interpersonal, and cognitive competence. (它是一种提高学生的人际交往能力和认知能力的方法。)”可知，本段引出了社交情绪学习的概念，下文开始介绍什么是社交情绪学习及其作用。所以本段主要探讨了什么是社交情绪学习。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions. Further, not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions, but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.( SEL的一个核心组成部分是帮助孩子理解他们的情绪。此外，至关重要的是，年轻人不仅能够识别各种情绪，而且他们还必须能够管理他们所经历的情绪。)”可知，SEL的一个核心组成部分是帮助孩子们理解情绪，进而管理情绪。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health, but it is also important for teachers’ mental health. (SEL不仅对学生的心理健康至关重要，对教师的心理健康也很重要。)”可知，社交情绪学习不仅对学生重要，而且对老师的心理健康也很重要。由此可知，这是一个双赢的方法。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Thinking about adopting a healthy lifestyle Congratulations! There are so many reasons for adopting a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips to help you get started with your new habits.
Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle ____16____ Your why should reflect your values and what’s important to you. Knowing your specific why will help you to not just get started, but will help keep you focused and motivated as it guides your journey.
Focus on behaviors not results. ____17____ But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial. It’s actually some daily health-promoting behaviors that will create change and can lead to the health outcomes you desire.
____18____ Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight. This is also why you don’t need a long list telling you everything you need to stop doing. You just need to take the first step.
Remember it’s not all or nothing. A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing. ____19____ So focus on eating foods and creating habits that make you feel good.
Can you do it forever One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life ” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever ____20____
A. Start small and take steady steps.
B. Why is doing this important for you
C. Make a list of habits you want to build.
D. It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes.
E. In a word, fasting is harmful and no one would like to do so.
F. If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results.
G. It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养成健康的生活方式需要注意的一些事项。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Before you begin, ask yourself some questions, what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle (在你开始之前，问你自己一些问题，你考虑更健康的生活方式的原因是什么？)”可知，本段首句建议人们要问自己一些问题。因此B选项“Why is doing this important for you (为什么做这件事对你很重要？)”可以和前句并列，都是相关方面的问题，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段段旨“Focus on behaviors, not results. (关注行为，而不是结果)”以及后文“But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial.(但是把你的注意力从结果转移到你正在养成的新习惯和你正在采取的行动上是更有益的)”可知，本段主题句建议人们要关注行为而不是结果，同时后文以but开头，故设空处与后文构成转折关系。D选项“It’s okay to desire weight loss, or any other outcomes.(渴望减肥或其他结果是可以的)”可知，此处强调渴望减肥或者其他结果是可以的，后文与本句构成转折关系，强调要把结果转移到正在养成的新习惯或者正在采取的行动上，则更有益，同时此处outcomes与段旨中results为同义词，该选项符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
本句位于句首，是段落的主题句。根据后文的内容“ Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits, cooking skills, athletic abilities, and more won’t change overnight.(记住罗马不是一天建成的!你的饮食习惯、烹饪技巧、运动能力等等都不会在一夜之间改变)”可知，此处强调罗马不是一夜建成的，习惯是要慢慢改变。A选项“Start small and take steady steps.(从小处开始，循序渐进)”概括本段主要内容，符合段旨。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前文“A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing.(健康的生活方式从来都不是要么全做要么根本不做)”推知，空处应陈述真正的健康生活应该是怎样的。G选项“It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.(这是关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系)”承接前文，指出健康的生活方式是什么——关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Can you do it forever One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is, “Can you do it for life ” Sure, you could probably stick to a diet for a short period, but can you see yourself doing that forever ( 你能永远这样做吗？当你养成健康的习惯时，你要问自己的一个最重要的问题是：“你能坚持一辈子吗？”当然，你可能会在短时间内坚持节食，但你能看到自己永远这样做吗？)”可知，此处强调人们在养成健康的生活方式时要问问自己这样做是否能够坚持一辈子。F选项“If not, remember: temporary methods are equal to temporary results.(如果没有，请记住：临时方法产生临时结果。)”承接前文，指出如果不能坚持一辈子，那么临时的方法只能产生临时的结果，符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, my younger brother Darrin tore the old engine out of his Dodge Challenger. Then he ____21____ it piece by piece, and put it back together again all by himself. He was 16. All he ____22____ was a Chilton’s shop manual (使用手册) for the car, his own curiosity, and a strong desire to ____23____ how things worked.
Later, I asked him about this ____24____ and how he made it. His answer was ____25____—he just did it. He wanted a new car and couldn’t afford to buy another one, so this was really his only ____26____. He had nothing to lose and was highly ____27____ to make the engine work. He ____28____ with it, paid close attention to how he took it apart, made a lot of mistakes, and reached points where he wasn’t ____29____ what to do next. When that happened, he asked a friend or a friend’s dad for ____30____, tried this and tried that, until he finished the work. To me it was a (n) ____31____ achievement.
Our ____32____ to do hard things increases when we try doing those hard things. It is ____33____ limited by our own will and imagination. We learn by trying, by making mistakes, and by ____34____ help from those who know more sometimes just a little more-than we do.
Never ____35____ trying new things. The more one does, the more one can do.
21. A. discovered B. rebuilt C. donated D. reserved
22. A. detected B. preferred C. occupied D. had
23. A. figure out B. give away C. bring up D. rule out
24. A. property B. campaign C. guide D. project
25. A. correct B. serious C. simple D. funny
26. A. luck B. option C. requirement D. relaxation
27. A. expected B. forced C. convinced D. motivated
28. A. communicated B. competed C. experimented D. disagreed
29. A. sure B. afraid C. curious D. satisfied
30. A. permission B. courage C. advice D. reward
31 A. amazing B. common C. confusing D. strange
32. A. anxiety B. capacity C. income D. impatience
33. A. rarely B. necessarily C. originally D. mostly
34. A. seeking B. offering C. affording D. avoiding
35. A. admit B. stop C. fancy D. keep
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己从弟弟身上学到的一个人生道理：我们做的事情越多，我们能做的事情就越多。永远不要停止尝试新事物。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他一块一块地把它重新组装起来，又一个人把它重新组装起来。A. discovered发现；B. rebuilt组装，重建；C. donated捐赠；D. reserved预订。根据上文“Last year, my younger brother Darrin tore the old engine out of his Dodge Challenger.(去年，我弟弟达林把他的道奇挑战者的旧引擎给拆了)”可知，弟弟把玩具拆了，然后又组装起来。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他所拥有的只有一本奇尔顿的汽车使用手册，他自己的好奇心，以及想弄清楚汽车是如何工作的强烈愿望。A. detected检测；B. preferred偏爱；C. occupied占据；D. had有。根据后文“was a Chilton’s shop manual for the car”指弟弟所拥有的关于组装的东西只有一本手册。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他所拥有的只有一本奇尔顿的汽车使用手册，他自己的好奇心，以及想弄清楚汽车是如何工作的强烈愿望。A. figure out弄清楚；B. give away赠送；C. bring up抚养；D. rule out消除。根据上文“his own curiosity, and a strong desire to”可知，弟弟好奇心强，想弄清楚汽车是如何工作。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我问他关于这个项目以及他是如何做到的。A. property财产；B. campaign运动；C. guide指导；D. project项目。根据上一段描述可知，此处指弟弟把他的道奇挑战者的旧引擎拆掉然后重组这件事。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的回答很简单——他就这么做了。A. correct正确的；B. serious严肃的；C. simple简单的；D. funny有趣的。根据上文“I asked him”以及下文“he just did it”及所给单词可知， 此处指“他的答案很简单”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想要一辆新车，又买不起另一辆，所以这是他唯一的选择。A. luck运气；B. option选择；C. requirement要求；D. relaxation放松。根据上文“He wanted a new car and couldn't afford to buy another one”可知，此处指“这是他唯一的选择”。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有什么可失去的，并且非常积极地让引擎工作。A. expected期待；B. forced迫使；C. convinced说服；D. motivated激励。根据上文“He had nothing to lose and was highly”及所给单词可知，此处指“他没有什么可失去的，并且非常积极地让引擎工作”，短语be motivated to do sth.意为“有动力做某事”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对它进行了实验，密切关注如何将其拆开，犯了很多错误，并达到了他不确定下一步该怎么做的地步。A. communicated交流；B. competed比赛；C. experimented实验；D. disagreed不同意。根据后文“paid close attention to how he took it apart, made a lot of mistakes”可知，作者的弟弟在拆装汽车时，是进行了一番尝试和试验的。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对它进行了实验，密切关注如何将其拆开，犯了很多错误，并达到了他不确定下一步该怎么做的地步。A. sure确信的；B. afraid害怕的；C. curious好奇的；D. satisfied满足的。根据后文“what to do next”以及弟弟犯了很多错误，可知他不确定下一步该怎么做。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，他向朋友或朋友的父亲征求意见，试了这个，试了那个，直到他完成了工作。A. permission允许；B. courage勇气；C. advice建议；D. reward奖励。根据上文“what to do next”可知，弟弟不知道该怎么办，向朋友或者朋友的父亲寻求建议。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这是一项了不起的成就。A. amazing惊人的；B. common共同的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文可知弟弟只有一本手册，凭借实验和求助他人完成了组装，这是一项了不起的成就。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们尝试做这些困难的事情时，我们做这些困难事情的能力就会增强。A. anxiety焦虑；B. capacity能力；C. income收入；D. impatience不耐烦。根据后文“The more one does, the more one can do.”以及上文弟弟组装玩具的故事，可知当我们尝试做这些困难的事情时，我们做这些困难事情的能力就会增强。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它主要受限于我们自己的意志和想象力。A. rarely很少；B. necessarily必定；C. originally起初；D. mostly多半。上文提到，作者的弟弟在拆装汽车时非常有意志力和求知欲。本句从反面强调，能否完成艰苦的工作，主要受限于我们的意志力和想象力。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从尝试中学习，从犯错误中学习，从那些比我们懂得多一点的人那里寻求帮助。A. seeking寻找；B. offering提供；C. affording买得起；D. avoiding避免。根据下文“help from those who know more sometimes just a little more-than we do”可知，seeking符合语境，意为“向知道得更多的人寻求帮助”。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：永远不要停止尝试新事物。A. admit承认；B. stop停止；C. fancy喜爱；D. keep保持。根据后文“The more one does, the more one can do.(一个人做得越多，就能做得越多)”可知，作者认为永远不要停止尝试新事物。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket, developed by Chinese privately-owned aerospace company LandSpace, ____36____ (launch) into space on September 9th, 2023 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, taking three satellites into orbit.
It is the second successful flight for the company with the ZQ-2 series rocket, the ____37____ (late) example of Chinese privately-owned aerospace companies sending satellites into orbit. The launch successfully delivered three commercial satellites into the ____38____ (plan) orbit about 460 kilometers above the Earth, further highlighting the ____39____ (mature) and stability of the ZQ-2 carrier rocket, and also ____40____ (mark) a step forward for the company and China’s commercial aerospace industry.
The ZQ-2 Y3 has ____41____ total length of 49.5 meters, which is capable of placing a 1.5-ton payload into a typical sun-synchronous orbit at about 500 kilometers above the Earth. Future models could ultimately increase the payload to four tons, ____42____ can facilitate the deployment (部署) of low earth orbit satellites and cargo spacecraft.
Now China is home ____43____ world-class enterprises in the fields of raw materials, electronic information, and equipment required for rocket manufacturing (制造). ____44____ (obvious), the rapid development of China’s commercial aerospace companies and the domestically developed rockets with cost advantages _____45_____ (benefit) China’s Internet constellation (互联网星座) construction plan greatly in the future.
【答案】36. was launched
37. latest 38. planned
39. maturity
40. marking
41. a 42. which
43. to 44. Obviously
45. will benefit
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章主要介绍了中国私营航天公司蓝箭航天研发的ZQ-2 Y3火箭，它于2023年9月9日从酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射升空，将三颗卫星送入轨道。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：ZQ-2 Y3火箭，由中国私营航空航天公司LandSpace开发，于2023年9月9日从酒泉卫星发射中心发射到太空，将三颗卫星送入轨道。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中The ZQ-2 Y3 rocket与launch之间是被动关系，同时on September 9th, 2023为一般过去时时间标志，故使用一般过去时被动语态。故填was launched。
【37题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：这是该公司使用ZQ-2系列火箭的第二次成功飞行，是中国民营航空航天公司将卫星送入轨道的最新例子。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据句意，此处表示“最新的例子”故使用late的最高级latest。故填latest。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此次发射成功地将三颗商业卫星送入距地球约460公里的计划轨道，进一步凸显了ZQ-2运载火箭的成熟度和稳定性，也标志着该公司和中国商业航空航天业向前迈出了一步。分析句子，设空处使用plan的形容词作定语，修饰orbit，此处表示“根据计划的，有计划的”用planned。故填planned。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用mature的名词maturity作宾语，与后文的stability构成并列。故填maturity。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中delivered为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处the launch与mark之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词与前文的highlighting构成并列。故填marking。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：ZQ-2 Y3总长度为49.5米，能够将1.5吨的有效载荷放置在距地球约500公里的典型太阳同步轨道上。句中a total of为固定短语，意为“总计……”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：未来的模型最终可以将有效载荷增加到4吨，这可以促进低地球轨道卫星和货运航天器的部署。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实为物，故使用which。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在，中国在原材料、电子信息和火箭制造所需设备等领域拥有世界级的企业。句中be home to为固定短语，意为“是……的所在地”。故填to。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：显然，中国商业航天公司的快速发展和具有成本优势的国产火箭将在未来极大地有利于中国的互联网星座建设计划。分析句子，设空处使用obvious的副词obviously作状语，修饰句子，意为“明显地”，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母应该大写。故填Obviously。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in the future为一般将来时的时间标志。故填will benefit。
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你作为校广播站《英语天地》栏目记者在上周五参加了你校图书馆外文书角的开幕仪式, 请你为栏目写一篇英文报道。内容如下:
1. 介绍开幕式活动;
2. 介绍外文书角。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last Friday, our school library held the grand opening for its new Foreign Language Reading Corner. Located on the first floor, the corner offers a diverse collection of books in various foreign languages, including English, Spanish, and French.
The Reading Corner provides our students with an exceptional opportunity to explore different cultures and languages through literature. Whether you’re a seasoned language learner or just starting out, the corner has something for you, from classic works to contemporary novels or wonderful short stories.
Let’s discover the joy of reading, embrace the opportunity to broaden our horizons and become global citizens.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你作为校广播站《英语天地》栏目记者在上周五参加了你校图书馆外文书角的开幕仪式，要求考生为栏目写一篇英文报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→launch
位于：located → situated
多样的：various→diverse
机会：opportunity→ chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Friday, our school library held the grand opening for its new Foreign Language Reading Corner.
拓展句：Last Friday, our school library held the grand opening for its new Foreign Language Reading Corner, which was greatly meaningful to all the students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Located on the first floor, the corner offers a diverse collection of books in various foreign languages, including English, Spanish, and French.（运用了过去分词作状语）
【高分句型2】 Whether you’re a seasoned language learner or just starting out, the corner has something for you, from classic works to contemporary novels or wonderful short stories.（运用了whether引导的状语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I woke up, I felt pains all over. A pool of sticky blood surrounded my head. I lay trapped in the bottom of n smooth-walled pit (坑) with an empty water bottle.
I thought of what had happened. I was climbing down the mountain as I was admiring the beautiful scenery. Accidentally. I stepped on a loose rock. Then I slipped, fell with the rock and got stuck somewhere below the top. It was getting dark in the pit. Only my mother knew where I’d gone. I promised to have lunch with her. Thinking of this. I took my phone out and dialed her number with shaking fingers. No service. The silence, which earlier I’d valued, was now horrible.
With a sharp pain in my head, I was terrified. I knew I’d fallen far, but I wasn’t sure where I was. I called 911 because I knew by the pain that my back was severely injured, if not broken. My ear was torn badly. There was still no service. I dug through my bag to assess my supplies and found a whistle and some wipes.
I put the whistle around my neck and blew, though I knew no one would hear me. It was 1:15 pm and I was miles from the town where I lived. I used the wipes to clean off as much blood as I could. I rested. Then I screamed, blew my whistle, and let myself think the unthinkable. What if they can’t find me What if this is it
I decided to get moving. I climbed through a small opening, but when I peered over the next edge, my heart sank: there was a 30-foot drop. There was no way down. I was trapped.
I knew with that extreme Arizona heat in the day and bitter desert cold at night, I wouldn’t last long. But I thought my mother was sure to call the police for help if she couldn’t get in touch with me. With a little hope, I prayed the police would send a helicopter (直升机) to my resecu.
注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Around five hours later, a growing buzz (嗡嗡声) in the air broke the silence.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Though the pilot saw me, it was difficult for the team to get to me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Around five hours later, a growing buzz（嗡嗡声）in the air broke the silence. Rescue was coming. I couldn’t look too far up because moving my back was impossible, so I got on my knees and whistled. The helicopter flew close to me, and the motor drowned out my calls for help. They flew over me once, twice, four times and they still could not see me, although I was waving my arms wildly. At that momet, I felt so disappointed. Then, just as it was starting to get dark, the helicopter passed and I locked eyes with one of the men inside. He pointed right at me.
Though the pilot saw me, it was difficult for the team to get to me. They tried different rescue techniques. Eventually, one crewmember came down and tied a rope around my waist and I was finally dragged into the helicopter. I was saved. The rescuers told me how my mother had contacted the police and how community members joined the search. Three hours from the start of the search, everyone was celebrating my return. But from then on, my mother never let me act alone.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了主人公在山上迷路后不幸坠落到一个光滑壁的深坑里，并且在那里受伤。他试图拨打电话求救，但没有信号，接着他用口哨吹响，但无人听到。主人公担心自己可能会被永远困在这里，但在绝望中决定试图找到出路。然而，他发现出口陡峭且无法通过。在漫长的等待后，最终救援队伍找到了他并成功救出。最后，作者提到他的妈妈从此不再让他独自行动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“大约5个小时后，空气中越来越大嗡嗡声打破了寂静。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到了直升飞机后想方设法引起飞行员的注意，寻求救助。
②由第二段首句内容“虽然飞行员看到了我，但队员们很难接近我。”可知，第二段可描写飞行员发现作者，并且成功营救作者，同时告知母亲和社区人员对其搜救做出的努力。
2.续写线索：
作者通过吹口哨引起直升飞机的 注意——飞行员发现作者——飞行员通过各种方法接近作者并成功营救——告知其母亲和社区做出的搜寻努力——所有人庆祝作者的归来
3.词汇激活
行为类
①飞向我：fly over me/fly towards me
②.下来：come down/get off
③.被拯救：be saved/be rescued
情绪类
①.失望：disappointed/depressed
②.庆祝我的回来：celebrate my return/cheer for my return
【点睛】[高分句型1]. They flew over me once, twice, four times and they still could not see me, although I was waving my arms wildly.（由although引导让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. The rescuers told me how my mother had contacted the police and how community members joined the search.（how引导宾语从句以及过去完成时时态）

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