资源简介

押天津卷36~55题
细节理解题+词义猜测题
核心考点 考情统计 考向预测 备考策略
细节理解题 【2023年第二次】 Q36；Q37；Q38；Q39；Q40；Q41；Q43；Q44；Q46；Q47；Q48；Q49；Q51；Q52；Q53；Q54 【2023年第一次】 Q36；Q37；Q38；Q39；Q40；Q42；Q43；Q44；Q47；Q19；Q51；Q52；Q53 【2022年第二次】 Q36；Q37；Q38；Q39；Q40；Q42；Q44；Q51；Q52；Q55 2024年高考天津卷还会集中考查细节理解的直接信息题,间接信息题和数字计算题，而且细节理解题仍然占阅读理解的较高比重。 2024年高考天津卷还会考查猜测词义题，以猜测单词和短语意思为主，兼顾代词和句子的意思。 细节理解题： 定位关键词，找到相关词语或句子。 精准翻译对应词句，核对细节，注意原文和题干及选项中的词义替换。 核对细节时尤其关注选项绝对词，原文原句词句等干扰项。 词义猜测题： 构词法猜词义 逻辑法猜测词义 在阅读材料中，可以根据下定义、举例子、解释等猜测词义。 标点符号猜测词义 同义或反义关系猜测词义 上下文联系猜测词义
词义猜测题 【2023年第二次】 Q46
Passage 1
【2023年天津第二次】Welcome to UCLA Exchange Program! Let’s get started by checking out Student Guide for your academic journey!
Signing up for ESL (English as a Second Language)
ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills. Enrollment (课程注册) priority is given to degree students. If space is available, you may enroll. You will then be asked to take an ESL Placement Test. The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you.
Changing Your Course Enrollment List
You may change your class schedule during the first two weeks of the term by adding or dropping courses from your enrollment list. After the second week of classes, there will be a charge for each schedule change. Students often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list, as other students may have dropped it.
Withdrawing from Courses
If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. If you forget to officially drop that course, a “F” (Fail) grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term. If, at a later date, you wish to apply for a job or graduate school where an official copy of your UCLA record is required, it will be to your advantage to provide an impressive academic record.
Taking Exams
Some instructors choose to put previous test papers on library reserve, making them available to all students. These exams, which students commonly use for practice, can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material. You can also access the exams online.
34．Exchange students can enroll in the ESL course if they ________.
A．have done well in the placement test
B．are asked to improve their English skills
C．find a vacancy after degree students’ enrollment
D．have completed UCLA’s registration procedures
35．An ESL Placement Test is aimed to ________.
A．improve the students’ language skills
B．encourage the students to answer questions
C．put the students in a class that fits them
D．help the students apply for a degree
36．What is the deadline for a free enrollment list change
A．The day when the class is full.
B．The first day of instruction.
C．The first week of the class.
D．The end of the second week.
37．What should exchange students do if they choose to stop taking a course
A．Seek assistance from UCLA officials.
B．Go through the procedures to drop it.
C．Present past academic records to UCLA．
D．Make a request to the Registration Office.
38．Working on previous tests helps students ________.
A．imitate the way that their instructors write test questions
B．learn how questions are asked and what they are based on
C．come up with new ideas about how testing relates to teaching
D．narrow down to what has not yet been covered in online tests
【答案】34．C 35．C 36．D 37．B 38．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加州大学洛杉矶分校交流项目的学生指南。
34．细节理解题。根据Signing up for ESL标题下的第二、三句话“Enrollment (课程注册) priority is given to degree students. If space is available, you may enroll. (优先招收学位学生。如果有空位，您可以报名。)”可知，如果有空位，那么有学位的学生是能够申请加入该项目的。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据Signing up for ESL标题下的最后一句话“The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you. (测试结果将帮助您选择适合自己的班级)”可知，ESL入学考试旨在把学生们放到适合自己的班级里。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据Changing Your Course Enrollment List标题下的第二句话“After the second week of classes, there will be a charge for each schedule change. (第二周的课程结束后，每次更改时间表都会收取费用。)”可知，免费更改报名名单的截止日期是在第二周课程结束后。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据Withdrawing from Courses标题下的第一句话“If you choose to drop a course, you must
follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. (如果你选择放弃一门课程，你必须按照加州大学洛杉矶分校的程序将其从你的时间表中删除。)”可知，如果交换生停止课程，他们必须按照加州大学洛杉矶分校的程序将其从时间表中删除。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据Taking Exams标题下的第二句话“These exams, which students commonly use for practice, can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material. (这些考试是学生们通常用来练习的，可以让你了解老师是如何提问的，以及他们认为哪些是相关材料。)”可知，参加以前的考试有助于学生了解老师是如何提问的，以及他们认为哪些是相关材料。故选B。
Passage 2
【2023年天津第二次】Getting the “side-eye” look from your dog can make it seem like they are making a judgement about you, and some new studies suggest they really could be.
The ability to judge others’ intentions is an indicator of possessing “theory of mind” which was once thought to be unique to humans. However, new studies have shown that dogs can read human behaviour and have a preference to people who are more friendly or generous with food.
One such study published in 2023 aimed to see if dogs can tell the difference between humans who are “unwilling” or “unable” to give them a treat. 96 dogs were involved in both “unwilling” and “unable” scenarios (情境) designed for the study. Both scenarios involved a dog being placed on one side of a glass screen with small holes in it at nose-height, and an experimenter standing on the other. In the ‘unwilling’ scenario, the experimenter would hang a piece of sausage in front of the screen in a ‘teasing’ (戏耍的) manner, and approach one of the holes. But instead of passing it through the hole to the dog, they would then pull it out of its reach. For the “unable” scenario, the experimenter would again move the treat towards the hole while the dog watched, but “accidentally” drop it before they could pass it through.
The researchers observed that the dogs were much more patient, making more eye contact and staying closer to the screen after the “unable” scenario played out. In the “unwilling” scenario, however, the dogs looked at the experimenter less often, sat, lay down and wandered around more frequently.
Another study from 2021 tested for “theory of mind” in dogs in a similar way, but the dogs were able to walk round the screen to obtain the treat after witnessing the experimenter’s “unwilling” or “unable” behaviour. The main finding was that the dogs approached the experimenter significantly sooner in the unable scenario than in the unwilling scenario.
However, the researchers of the 2023 study challenged that the food dropped on the floor in the clumsy (笨拙
的) manner might have motivated the dogs to approach the experimenter considering that they probably often obtain food dropped on the floor in their daily lives.
Now, more evidence has been provided that dogs distinguish between similar actions associated with different intentions. But how exactly they acquire such intention-reading abilities will be an exciting topic for future research.
44．What is one of the new research findings according to Paragraph 2
A．Dogs also have “theory of mind”.
B．Dogs prefer food from generous people.
C．Human behaviours are mostly intentional.
D．Friendly animals can get food more easily.
45．What did the experimenter do in the “unwilling” scenario in the 2023 study
A．They acted awkwardly while feeding the dog.
B．They pretended to walk slowly away from the dog.
C．They teased the dog by fixing the treat to the screen.
D．They pulled the sausage beyond the dog’s reach.
46．How did the dogs of the 2023 study respond to the “unable” behaviour
A．By moving closer to the experimenter.
B．By keeping wandering around.
C．By ignoring the experimenter.
D．By lying still on the floor
47．How does the experiment design of the 2021 study differ from that of 2023
A．The dogs can watch the experimenter.
B．The dogs can go to the other side of the screen.
C．The dogs’ responses are under close observation.
D．The dogs’ habitual behaviours are under analysis.
48．What do the dogs’ different responses in “unwilling” and “unable” scenarios suggest
A．Dogs can tell “being friendly” from “being mean”
B．Dogs’ intelligence is gradually evolving.
C．Dogs’ intentions can be easily identified.
D．Dogs are a lot more emotional than other animals.
【答案】44．A 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些新的研究发现，狗可能会判断他人的意图，可以读懂人类的行为，并且更喜欢那些更友好或对食物更慷慨的人。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The ability to judge others’ intentions is an indicator of possessing “theory of mind” which was once thought to be unique to humans. However, new studies have shown that dogs can read human behaviour and have a preference to people who are more friendly or generous with food.(判断他人意图的能力是拥有“心智理论”的一个指标，这一度被认为是人类所独有的。然而，新的研究表明，狗可以读懂人类的行为，并且更喜欢那些更友好或对食物更慷慨的人。)”可知，判断他人意图的能力是拥有“心智理论”的一个指标，而新的研究表明，狗可以读懂人类的行为，由此可知，新研究发现狗应该也有“心智理论”。故选A项。
45．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In the ‘unwilling’ scenario, the experimenter would hang a piece of sausage in front of the screen in a ‘teasing’ (戏耍的) manner, and approach one of the holes. But instead of passing it through the hole to the dog, they would then pull it out of its reach.(在“不情愿”的场景中，实验人员会以“戏弄”的方式在屏幕前挂一块香肠，并接近其中一个洞。但他们不是把食物从洞里递给狗，而是把食物拉到狗够不着的地方。)”可知，在不情愿场景中，实验人员不是把实物给狗吃，而是把食物拉到一个狗够不着的地方。故选D项。
46．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The researchers observed that the dogs were much more patient, making more eye contact and staying closer to the screen after the “unable” scenario played out.(研究人员观察到，在“无能为力”的场景结束后，狗狗们更有耐心了，他们会进行更多的眼神交流，并离屏幕更近。)”可知，在“无能为力”的场景结束后，狗会预实验人员进行眼神交流，并且离屏幕更近，由此可知，狗对“无能为力”的行为回应是更愿意接近实验者。故选A项。
47．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Another study from 2021 tested for “theory of mind” in dogs in a similar way, but the dogs were able to walk round the screen to obtain the treat after witnessing the experimenter’s “unwilling” or “unable” behaviour.(2021年的另一项研究以类似的方式测试了狗的“心智理论”，但狗在目睹了实验者的“不愿意”或“无能为力”行为后，能够绕着屏幕走，以获得奖励。)”可知，2021年的研究中，在狗目睹了实验者的“不愿意”或者“无能为力”后，能绕着屏幕走以获取奖励，由此可知，2021年的研究中狗的习惯行为在分析中。故选D项。
48．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However, new studies have shown that dogs can read human behaviour and have
a preference to people who are more friendly or generous with food.(然而，新的研究表明，狗可以读懂人类的行为，并且更喜欢那些更友好或对食物更慷慨的人。)”可知，新研究表明，都能够读懂人类的行为，且喜欢那些更友好或者对食物更慷慨的人，进而在下文中的对该项研究过程进行阐述，由此可知，狗在“不愿意”和“无能为力”情况下的不同反应说明了狗能分辨“友善”和“刻薄”。故选A项。
Passage 3
【2023年天津第一次】STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS
All students may apply to work on campus.
Getting started
Before starting any position, all students need to complete required taforms and show identification. International students also need:
*Social Security card *Bank account
*Valid passport *Official work permit
*Letter of support from the office of International Student Life
Looking for a job on Handshake
Handshake is an online job search platform for college students. With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps:
*Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college.
*Complete personalization of your profile.
*Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button.
*Fill out desired information:location, job type, etc.
*Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button.
You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students
*Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday)
*Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays)
*Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday)
*Bookstore/mailroom(9:00-12:00 at weekends)
*Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays)
Maximum working hours
*During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week.
*During the summer break,a student may not work more than 30 hours a week.
*The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job.
For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314
34．What documents are necessary for an international student to seek employment
A．Passport and Insurance Certificate.
B．Work permit and Academic report.
C．Bank account and Letter of support.
D．Health Certificate and Social Security card.
35．Before searching for a job on Handshake, you need to_________.
A．consult a career coach B．personalize your profile
C．attend job training D．set up a new email account
36．Where could you work on Tuesday evenings
A．In the athletic department. B．In the dining hall.
C．In the library. D．In the bookstore.
37．Which working arrangement is allowed for a domestic student
A．40 hours per week during the summer break.
B．20 hours per week during the semester.
C．2 jobs, each with 16 hours per week.
D．3 jobs, each with 2 hours per week.
38．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A university website. B．A course guide.
C．A summer camp notice. D．A business magazine.
【答案】34．C 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．A
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了学生在校园里做兼职的一些情况。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“International students also need:*Social Security card*Bank account*Valid passport*Official work permit*Letter of support from the office of International Student Life(国际学生还需要：* 社会保障卡 * 银行账户 * 有效护照 * 正式工作许可证 * 国际学生生活办公室的介绍信)”可知，国际学生寻找工作需要银行账户和介绍信。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据Looking for a job on Handshake部分下的“To use Handshake, just follow these steps:*Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college.*Complete personalization of your profile.*Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button.(要使用Handshake，只需遵循以下步骤：* 使用学院提供的电子邮件地址登录到Handshake。* 使你的个人资料完全个性化。* 点击“职位”按钮开始搜寻工作。)”可知，在Handshake上寻找工作之前，你需要使你的个人资料完全个性化。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据Maximum working hours上面的句子“*Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays)(* 体育部（工作日下午18时至22时）)”可知，在周二晚上你可以在体育部工作，故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据Maximum working hours下面的“During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week.(本学期国内学生每周最多工作10小时，国际学生每周最多工作20小时。)”和“The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job.(即使一个学生有一份以上的工作，总学时也不得超过规定的最高学时。)”可知，即使国内学生有多份工作，每周最多工作总量不得超过10个小时，所以D项“3份工作，每份每周工作2小时。”是被允许的，总共3*2=6，不超过十小时，故选D。
38．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“All students may apply to work on campus.(所有学生都可以申请到校园工作。)”可知，文章主要介绍了在校生可以在子校园申请兼职工作，由此可推知，本文可能选自大学网站，故选A。
Passage 4
【2023年天津第一次】I love making art and looking at artworks. I’ve found myself wondering how we gain pleasure from art. And now neuroaesthetics, a combination of neuroscience (神经科学) and aesthetics (美学), may provide an answer.
Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments. Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks” that occur when
we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.
But why do we find some art beautiful and other art ugly According to research, it all comes down to the “aesthetic triad (三元组合)”.
The first part of the triad is sensory-motor. This involves perceiving things like colours, shapes and movements. Movement in art has an interesting role. If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience. The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response.
Second is emotion-valuation. This is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling. The part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful. This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) (经颅磁刺激). If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.
The third part is meaning-knowledge. This is to do with how we can connect with a piece of art and what meaning we can create in it. Art is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning. If we find meaning, then we often find pleasure. We also get enjoyment from the knowledge of how something was made. For the images that an artist creates, viewers will probably get far more enjoyment once they know the process used to create them.
Informed by neuroaesthetics, the next time I create my art I will value the process even more, enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain as I admire the vivid images that I have created.
44．What does “neuronal fireworks” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A beautiful painting or sculpture.
B．The lighting-up of specific brain areas.
C．An advanced brain imaging technology.
D．The aesthetic assessment of modern art.
45．What effect does movement in art produce on the viewers
A．Certain part of their brain is activated.
B．Their experience of pain is reduced.
C．Their aesthetic sense is sharpened.
D．Their body reactions are delayed.
46．The application of TMS to the brain described in Paragraph 5 leads to__________.
A．raised memory capacity
B．enhanced painting skills
C．changed artistic taste
D．improved decision-making ability
47．According to the author, what increases our enjoyment of a piece of art
A．Knowing how it is created.
B．Having a pleasant personality.
C．Learning how science develops.
D．Understanding the meaning of life.
48．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To propose an abstract theory of art making.
B．To reveal the beauty of science in an artistic way.
C．To share some personal understanding of artworks.
D．To introduce a new research field for art appreciation.
【答案】44．B 45．A 46．C 47．A 48．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经美学这一学科领域，以及它如何解释我们为何会从艺术中获得愉悦感。
44．词义猜测题。划线短语上文“Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments. Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful.(神经美学是一个相对年轻的研究领域，研究的是当我们进行审美评估时大脑会发生什么。研究人员使用脑成像技术来观察当我们看到我们认为美丽的画作时，大脑的哪些区域会发光。)”提出当进行审美评估，看到时美丽的画作时，我们大脑的一些区域会“发光”。划线词所在句“Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks ” that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.(类似的研究已经完成，以了解当我们看到鼓舞人心的雕塑，迷人的面孔，令人印象深刻的舞蹈等时发生的“神经元烟花”。)”提出类似研究发现，人们在看到鼓舞人心的雕塑，迷人的面孔，令人印象深刻的舞蹈等时会产生“neuronal fireworks(神经元烟花)”。文中将两
种情况进行了类比，由此推知，“neuronal fireworks(神经元烟花)”与上文中的“大脑的一些区域会‘发光’”是同一个意思，即指上文中的“The lighting-up of specific brain areas.”。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Movement in art has an interesting role. If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience. The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response.(运动在艺术中起着有趣的作用。如果你看到一幅描绘一个动作的画，比如一个人被狗咬了后把胳膊抽走，你会觉得自己也有类似的经历。你大脑中控制你自己动作的部分会相应地亮起来。)”可知，当人们看到艺术中的运动时，人们会觉得自己也有类似的经历，大脑中控制自己动作的部分会相应地亮起来，也就是该部分被激活了。故选A。
46．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)(经颅磁刺激). If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.(通过使用经颅磁刺激(TMS)的研究发现，该系统可以以令人着迷的方式受到影响。如果颅磁刺激应用于前额后大脑中对决策特别重要的特定部位，你就会突然喜欢上不同种类的艺术。这种刺激使人们对面孔、身体和艺术品的审美发生了重大变化。)”可推知，颅磁刺激会使人们的审美发生变化。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“We also get enjoyment from the knowledge of how something was made. For the images that an artist creates, viewers will probably get far more enjoyment once they know the process used to create them.(我们也从了解事物的制作过程中获得乐趣。对于艺术家创作的图像，一旦观众了解了创作过程，他们可能会获得更多的乐趣。)”可知，如果我们知道了创作过程，我们就会更加欣赏这件艺术品。故选A。
48．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了神经美学这一学科领域，以及它如何解释我们为何会从艺术中获得愉悦感，因此作者的目的是介绍一个新的研究领域，即神经美学，以帮助人们更好地欣赏艺术。故选D。
Passage 5
【2022年天津第二次】Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but
not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
36．Who is this passage most probably written for
A．College teachers.
B．University graduates.
C．High school teachers.
D．Would-be college students.
37．What is the author’s suggestion for reaching a huge goal
A．Divide it into smaller, more achievable ones.
B．Reward oneself for each goal one has set.
C．Purchase a clear, updated roadmap.
D．Push oneself to an upper level.
38．One of the suggested ways to enhance your interpersonal skills is to ________.
A．prepare complicated questions
B．try on someone else’s shoes
C．listen to others carefully
D．take advantage of others
39．What is the key to successful college study according to the author
A．Being well-organized.
B．Being well-informed.
C．Effective reading skills.
D．Reliable research methods.
40．To learn how to manage money, the first thing to do is________.
A．save money for financial investment
B．estimate one’s income and expenses
C．set aside money for fun activities
D．open a personal bank account
【答案】36．D 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了高中毕业生如何为大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes.(对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，它带来了很多变化。 )”和最后一句“The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.(以下四个技巧将使高中毕业生为大学生活做好更好的准备。)”可知，该文主要针对于高中毕业生的。故选D项。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.(写下你的目标，把每个巨大的长期目标分解成更小、更实际的目标，可以帮助它感觉更真实，写出一个实现它的计划可以给你一个成功的路线图。)”可知，作者建议学生要将宏大的计划拆分成一个个细小的可实现的计划。故选A项。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.(如果你觉得你的人际交往能力需要一些工作，练习提出深思熟虑的问题并
仔细倾听，通过设身处地为别人着想来发展你的理解，增强你的自信心。)”可知，新生在人际交往时学会倾听。故选C项。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organization is the key，so if you are not someone who is naturally organized，set up your study schedule.(组织是关键，所以如果你不是一个自然有条理的人，那就制定你的学习时间表。)”可知，在大学成功学习的关键是要学会成为一个有条理性的人，并科学安排自己的时间。故选A项。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance.(理财是一项至关重要的生活技能，对许多人来说，正是在大学里，他们第一次发展了这项技能。从估计你的财务平衡开始。)”可知大学生要学会自主管理金钱，首先要让收支相抵。故选B项。
Passage 6
【2022年天津第二次】Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.
If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
51．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us
A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-sighted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
52．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D．Through offering help much needed by others.
53．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
54．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results
A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world.
B．When our love for the world is insufficient.
C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life.
D．When we stay blind to the reality.
55．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge
【答案】51．B 52．D 53．C 54．A 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了美好生活的秘诀是什么。人生的目的不是生而快乐，而是生
而有益。
51．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering.(这种对美好生活的狭隘看法可能会带来短期的好处，但肯定会导致长期的伤害和痛苦。)”可知，对美好生活的狭隘看法只能给我们带来短期的好处，所以时间长了会让我们目光短浅、短视。故选B项。
52．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness.(我们必须先为他人服务而不求回报，因为他人的幸福是我们自己幸福的源泉。)”可知，我们能够从帮助他人获得真正的幸福。故选D项。
53．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.(然而，当我们出于热爱做同样的工作时，我们不仅享受我们做的事情，而且也享受那种毫不费力的感觉。)”可知，带着热爱去做事会让人更加享受做这件事情；越享受做某件事，做事越有动力。故选C项。
54．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.(虚假的知识比无知更危险。)”可以推测出，当我们对世界有错误的认识的时候，就算意图良好，也可能导致不好的、违背预期的结局。故选A项。
55．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others.(带着爱和知识，我们全力以赴，通过对他人做好事来创造一个更美好的世界。)”可知，有爱和知识，生活就会变得更美好。故选A项。
秘籍01 细节理解题
1.读完题干，确定关键词；
2.在文章中找出关键词(定位)；
3.对比(对比文章和选项有没有相同的或者相似的)；
4. 同义替换就是答案；
5.如果技巧找不到答案，就在理解的基础上解题。
注意：
特殊疑问词开头的题一般都是细节理解词。解题关键就是一个字“找”!
标志词:What/How/Where/why
如果它问的是哪个是对的或哪个是错的，或者找相同点或不同点，这样的题需要你耐心地去一个一个地找！
干扰项特征：
文不对题。是原文信息，但不是与题目对应的内容。
2.张冠李戴。细节与原文一致，但把本来做这件事的“张三”换成“李四”。
3.无中生有。符合常识，但原文未提及。
4.偷梁换柱。与原文信息极其相似，但在关键信息处改变了修饰语或所指对象等从而改变具体内涵。
5.扩缩范围。如原文用almost,all, nearly,more than,normally,usually 等词对信息加以限制，干扰选项则改变了限定范围。
6.颠倒是非。与原文信息大相径庭甚至完全相反。
7. 正误参半。内容部分正确，部分错误。
秘籍02词义猜测题解题秘籍
①因果关系猜词
找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。
标志词：because, as, since,for, so, thus, as a result, ofcourse, therefore 等。
②同义词猜词
看由 and 或 or连接的同义词词组，如 happy and gay,可通过and推断两个是同义词
③反义词猜词
一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but, while,however 等；二是看与not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。
④句法功能推测
比如Bananas,oranges, pineapples, coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.
从句中不难看出:
pineapples, coconuts,bananas和oranges 是同类关系，同属fruit 类，因此它们是两样水果。
⑤通过描述、常识猜词
最后提醒
题文同序，出题和文章段落顺序相同，顺着做就行。千万不要跳读！
绝对化用词谨慎选择(only/must/never/all/最高级），除非原文有明确提及。
Passage 1
【2024届天津市和平区一模】If there’s such a person as a young STEM icon, Gitanjali Rao, who’s now 18, is the one.
In April 2014, the city of Flint disconnected from Detroit’s water line as a cost-cutting measure and began to
draw water from the Flint River. Soon after, shockingly high levels of lead (铅) were found in the city’s water supply. It took several years, during which residents including children were showing up with mysterious rashes (皮疹) and other illnesses, before national attention to the crisis forced the city to admit it had a problem.
When she learned about the crisis, Gitanjali Rao was troubled enough to do something. “I was shocked by the number of people affected by lead pollution in water and I wanted to do something to change this,” she said. Inspiration really struck her after she watched her engineer parents test for lead in their own tap water. She decided to build a lead-detecting device that would be easy and affordable for anyone to use. In 2017, she developed a device called Tethys. It won her the title “America’s Top Young Scientist” in the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. Marvel even created a superhero, Genius Gitanjali, which celebrates her work on clean water.
In the meantime, Rao had been working on solutions to other issues she cared about. She started developing Epione, a device that tests protein in body fluid samples to detect opioid (阿片类药物) use disorder, in 2018. “Many people need opioids for their pain management and end up with serious addictions,” she said. “Physicians don’t have any easy tools to diagnose opioid addiction at an early stage.”
Additionally, Rao launched an AI-based, anti-cyber bullying app called Kindly in May, 2020. “You type in a sentence, and it’s able to pick a word or phrase out if it’s bullying, and it gives you the option to edit it,” said Rao. “As a teenager, I know teenagers tend to lash out sometimes. The app gives you the chance to rethink what you’re saying so that you know what to do next time around.”
Hailey Scheinman, a 15-year-old girl who met Rao through Marvel’s Hero Project that spotlights youth making an impact on their communities, admires how Rao promotes kindness through science. “Usually people tend toward one part of the brain, the logic piece or the scientific piece. Then there’s the emotional or the creative piece. I’ve learned from her to bring those two together,” says Scheinman.
41．Why did Flint stop drawing water from Detroit in 2014
A．Flint wanted to save some money.
B．Flint aimed to develop its local economy.
C．Detroit’s water made Flint’s residents sick.
D．The public forced Flint to change its water supply.
42．What made Gitanjali Rao want to do something for Flint’s water crisis
A．Her love for her hometown. B．Her parents’ encouragement.
C．Her sympathy for Flint’s residents. D．Her determination to help her parents.
43．In paragraph 5, teenagers who tend to lash out are likely to ______.
A．adopt new ideas. B．speak offensive words.
C．learn to control their feelings. D．be more careful with their words.
44．Which column is this article more probable to be taken from
A．Health. B．Economy. C．Celebrity. D．Education.
【答案】41．A 42．C 43．B 44．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了STEM领域标志性人物Gitanjali Rao的事迹展开，介绍了她在面对现实问题时如何运用自己的知识和创造力来解决，包括开发用于检测水中铅含量的设备Tethys、检测阿片类药物使用障碍的设备Epione，以及反网络欺凌的应用Kindly。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In April 2014, the city of Flint disconnected from Detroit’s water line as a cost-cutting measure and began to draw water from the Flint River.( 2014年4月，为了削减成本，弗林特市切断了底特律的供水线路，开始从弗林特河取水。)”可知，弗林特在2014年停止从底特律取水是为了消减成本。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When she learned about the crisis, Gitanjali Rao was troubled enough to do something. “I was shocked by the number of people affected by lead pollution in water and I wanted to do something to change this,” she said.(当她得知这场危机时， Gitanjali Rao感到非常不安，想做点什么。“我对受水中铅污染影响的人数感到震惊，我想做点什么来改变这种情况，”她说。)”可知，Gitanjali Rao想为弗林特的水危机做点什么是因为她对于弗林特居民的处境感到不安，对他们感到同情。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第五段““As a teenager, I know teenagers tend to lash out sometimes. The app gives you the chance to rethink what you’re saying so that you know what to do next time around.”(“作为一名青少年，我知道青少年有时会大发雷霆。这款应用让你有机会重新思考你说的话，这样你就知道下次该怎么做了。”)”可知，这款应用会让大发雷霆的青少年重新思考所说的话，由此可知，倾向于抨击的青少年会说一些冒犯的话。故选B。
44．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，这篇文章重点介绍了年轻的STEM偶像Gitanjali Rao的成就和工作，重点介绍了她在各个领域的发明和贡献。这篇文章讨论了她在开发铅检测设备、阿片类药物使用障碍测试和反网络欺凌应用程序方面的工作，这些工作与健康、经济或教育没有直接关系。因此，这篇文章最可能的专栏是名人专栏。故选C。
Passage 2
【2024届天津市河西区一模】When I was young I wanted to be a model, so when a national contest was
staged, I convinced my parents to take me for an audition (试演). I was selected and told I had potential. They said that for only $900 I could attend a weekend event which dozens of the most prestigious (有声望的) modeling agencies from around the world would attend. At 13, my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go. We have never been rich, but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed.
I imagined being signed by some famous model companies. For months, any boredom or disappointment was pushed aside because I knew I would soon have the chance to be a real model. I thought I would grace the covers of famous magazines!
Of course, I wasn’t signed, but what hurt me most was being told that if I grew to 5’9” (about 1.75 metres) I could be a success. I prayed for a growth spurt (冲刺) because I could not imagine giving up my dream. I made an appointment with a local modeling agency and the agent demanded $ 500 for classes, $500 for a photo shoot, and $ 300 for other expenses. My parents only agreed after hours and hours of me begging.
The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn’t receive a call I grew more depressed. The final straw came in July after I had decided to focus on commercial (广告) modeling. There was an open call in New York City. We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated (感到难以承受的).
Years later Ire zed that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn’t actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future.
41．What’s the main reason why the author wanted to be a model
A．She won a national contest.
B．She wanted to get reputation and wealth.
C．She was urged by some modeling agencies.
D．She had full potential to be a successful model.
42．What’s the author’s parents’ attitude toward her dream
A．Encouraging. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Enthusiastic.
43．What was that made the author end her attempt to become a model
A．Her parents were strongly against it.
B．She realized that it was impossible for her.
C．Even a local modeling agency turned her down.
D．She realized that she didn’t actually love the idea of modeling.
44．The underlined phrase “The final straw” probably means
A．the last in a series of bad things that happen to make someone very upset angry, etc
B．the final result that she was admitted by the model company
C．the final audition given by the agency
D．the decision that she made at last not to be a model anymore
45．What did the author learn from her experience of struggling to be a model
A．Where there’s a will there’s away.
B．Being a model is not that easy.
C．We should have our own judgment and should not just follow others.
D．We might set unpractical goals but the experiences can help us grow.
【答案】41．B 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在她的模特梦的奋斗过程中，意识到我们可能会给自己设立一些不切实际的梦想，但是实现梦想的经历却能帮助我们成长。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句话“At 13, my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go. (13岁时，我对名利的希望笼罩着所有的判断，我恳求父母放我走)”可知，作者在小时候出于对名利的追求才想要成为一名模特。故选B。
42．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话“We have never been rich, but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed.(我们从来都不富裕，但他们看到了我的热情并同意了)”以及第三段“My parents only agreed after hours and hours of me begging.(我的父母是在我乞讨了好几个小时后才同意的)”可知，作者是不断地恳求父母，父母才答应她去参加模特比赛。由此可推知，作者的父母对她做模特的梦想持怀疑态度。故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句话“The final straw came in July after I had decided to focus on commercial (广告) modeling. There was an open call in New York City. We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated(感到难以承受的).(最后一根稻草是在7月份，当时我决定专注于商业模特。纽约市有一个公开电话。我们花了几个小时开车，又等了几个小时，结果被告知我太矮了，我很伤心)”可知，作者被很多的公司拒绝，最后她专注于商业模特的希望也破灭了。由此可推知，她是意识到了她不可能成为模特这件事结束了她成为模特的尝试。故选B。
44．词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn’t
receive a call I grew more depressed. (经纪公司派我去试镜了几次，但每天我都没有接到电话，我变得越来越沮丧)”以及最后一句话“We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated(感到难以承受的).(我们花了几个小时开车，又等了几个小时，结果被告知我太矮了，我很伤心)”可知，作者被拒绝了很多次，最后专注于商业模特的希望也破灭了，所以这件事是一系列坏事中的最后一件，结束了她的梦想。故选A。
45．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Years later Ire zed that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn’t actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future.(几年后，我意识到纽约之行很好，因为它让我注意到我其实并不喜欢模特，只是喜欢它的想法。我想变得特别，我天真地决心实现一个不可能实现的目标。这段经历让我变得更加坚强，这将在未来对我有所帮助)”可知，作者从她努力成为一名模特的经历中学到了有时候人们会设立不切实际的目标，但是经历能够帮助他们成长。故选D。
Passage 3
【2024届天津市红桥区一模】When you’re choosing a college, a lot of factors probably may be considered: the school’s reputation, the classes offered, and the professors in your major, to name a few. However, considering the increasing competitiveness of universities to attract more and more applicants, many schools now offer extra benefits to be enjoyed by all of their students. Here are some of the coolest:
University of Missouri
When you think of a campus gym, you probably picture a room equipped with old weights and out-of-date machines. However, at the University of Missouri, you can enjoy one of the best campus fitness centers in the country. It features an “indoor beach” complete with a waterfall and a lazy river, as well as a full-service spa. Even if you don’t normally enjoy working out, Missouri’s fitness center will give you a reason to go to the gym.
High Point University
If you see yourself quickly tired of dining hall food — something that happens to almost all of us — High Point University in North Carolina has a great option for you: a private steakhouse for students. It’s a first-class restaurant, and, best of all, you don’t have to pay for the meal out of your own pocket. You can use your dining dollars instead.
Set on Hall University
If you’re stressing out about the extra cost of technology when you start college, Seton Hall has great news for you: all freshmen are given free laptops through the university’s Mobile Computing Program. As a freshman, you’ll
receive a laptop already set up with all of the software that you’ll need as a student. Then, after two years, you’ll receive a new and updated laptop designed to carry to through until after you graduate.
New York University
If you’re a fan of museums, NYU (New York University) is the perfect university for you not only are you located in the heart of a city featuring some of the best museums in the world, but the university will even provide you with free admission to many of them. You can take advantage of visiting free museums at any time you want — and you’ll never be bored on the weekends.
36．What can we learn from Paragraph1
A．It is hard to be admitted to a university.
B．A university’s fame is the top consideration.
C．The competition to attract applicants is fierce.
D．Extra benefits makes no difference to applicants.
37．What can we learn about the fitness center in the University of Missouri
A．Its equipment is out of date.
B．It is the best one in the world.
C．It has a real beach there.
D．It can arouse students’ interest in workout.
38．Which university offers extra benefit of food
A．University of Missouri. B．High Point University.
C．Seton Hall University. D．New York University.
39．What can be guaranteed for students choosing Seton Hall University
A．Free tuition. B．Free accommodation.
C．Free computers D．High graduation rate.
40．Which of the following is true of New York University
A．It is located in the center of the city.
B．It houses the best museums in the world.
C．All the museums are open to its students for free.
D．Museums are usually closed on the weekends.
【答案】36．C 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四所不同大学为吸引学生而提供的特色福利，以帮助读者做出更好的选择。
36．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When you’re choosing a college, a lot of factors probably may be considered: the school’s reputation, the classes offered, and the professors in your major, to name a few. However, considering the increasing competitiveness of universities to attract more and more applicants, many schools now offer extra benefits to be enjoyed by all of their students.(当你选择一所大学时，可能会考虑很多因素：学校的声誉，提供的课程，以及你专业的教授，等等。然而，考虑到大学为了吸引越来越多的申请者而增加的竞争力，许多学校现在为所有学生提供额外的福利。)”可知，大学为了吸引越来越多的申请者的竞争非常激烈。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据文章“University of Missouri”部分中的“However, at the University of Missouri, you can enjoy one of the best campus fitness centers in the country. It features an “indoor beach” complete with a waterfall and a lazy river, as well as a full-service spa. Even if you don’t normally enjoy working out, Missouri’s fitness center will give you a reason to go to the gym.(然而，在密苏里大学，你可以享受到全国最好的校园健身中心之一。它的特色是一个“室内海滩”，配有瀑布和慵懒的河流，以及一个全方位服务的水疗中心。即使你平时不喜欢锻炼，密苏里州的健身中心也会给你一个去健身房的理由。)”可知，密苏里大学的健身中心是全国最好的校园健身中心之一，设施良好，能够引起学生锻炼的兴趣。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据文章“High Point University”部分中的“If you see yourself quickly tired of dining hall food — something that happens to almost all of us — High Point University in North Carolina has a great option for you: a private steakhouse for students. It’s a first-class restaurant, and, best of all, you don’t have to pay for the meal out of your own pocket.(如果你发现自己很快就厌倦了食堂的食物——这几乎是我们所有人都会遇到的事情——北卡罗来纳州的高点大学为你提供了一个很好的选择：为学生提供的私人牛排馆。这是一家一流的餐厅，最重要的是，你不必自掏腰包。)”可知，北卡罗来纳州的High Point University为学生提供私人牛排馆。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据文章“Seton Hall University”部分中的“If you’re stressing out about the extra cost of technology when you start college, Seton Hall has great news for you: all freshmen are given free laptops through the university’s Mobile Computing Program.(如果你刚开始上大学时还在为科技的额外成本而紧张，那么西顿霍尔大学有一个好消息要告诉你：通过大学的移动计算项目，所有新生都可以获得免费的笔记本电脑。)”可知，西顿霍尔大学的学生可以获得免费的笔记本电脑。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据文章“New York University”部分中的“If you’re a fan of museums, NYU (New York
University) is the perfect university for you not only are you located in the heart of a city featuring some of the best museums in the world, but the university will even provide you with free admission to many of them.(如果你是一个博物馆迷，纽约大学是你的理想之选，不仅因为你位于一个以世界上最好的博物馆为特色的城市的中心，而且大学甚至为你提供许多博物馆的免费入场券。)”可知，纽约大学位于市中心。故选A。
Passage 4
【2024届天津市宁河区一模】Here are four best destinations to be after heart-stopping adventure, a close-up look at history, or the perfect meal.
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Buenos Aires becomes a hub for art, sports, and politics. Though the Argentinean capital is already home to a collection of galleries, Art Basel Cities promises to promote Buenos Aires’ reputation in the global art scene by offering professional support for local artists, as well as lectures and workshops throughout the year to draw art lovers to the city.
Los Cabos, Mexico
Located at the tip of the Baja Peninsula, the two small colonial towns of Cabo San Lucas and San Jose del Cabo have become the hottest vacation destinations in Mexico in recent years. With wide, original beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resorts, and a farm-to-table food scene, the oasis of Los Cabos is drawing tourists in record numbers. As a result, the hotel scene is booming, with lots of new developments and renovations completed this year.
Zambia
Until now, Zambia has had little recognition as one of Africa’s great safari (狩猎远征) destinations. Yet experts know it as the birthplace of the walking safari In South Luangwa National Park, visitors can expect to see more animals than baobab trees, while Liuwa Plain National Park is the setting for the world’s second-largest wildebeest migration, when tens of thousands of the creatures head across the plain from neighboring Angola.
Brussels, Belgium
Visitors may want to return to the Belgian capital in 2018 to visit two cutting-edge museums. The Millennium Iconoclast Museum of Art opened to show contemporary art from around the world. There’s also the Citroen Cultural Centre, which will launch its first exhibition in May. The JAM Hotel with exposed brickwork and concrete beams housed in a former art school, is the perfect place for culture lovers to stay. Don’t leave town without experiencing beer culture at youthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne or Brussels Beer Project.
36．How does Art Basel Cities promote Buenos Aires’ reputation
A．By offering lectures only. B．By giving professional help.
C．By building workshops. D．By drawing some pictures.
37．What attracts so many tourists to the oasis of Los Cabos
A．Its wild climate. B．The booming hotels.
C．Its charming attractions. D．The special location.
38．Where can you go if you want to see wildebeest migration
A．Zambia. B．Los Cabos, Mexico.
C．Buenos Aires, Argentina. D．Brussels, Belgium.
39．What does the author strongly advise you to do in Brussels, Belgium
A．Visit modern museums. B．Live in luxury hotels.
C．Enjoy beer culture. D．Attend the art exhibition activities.
40．Where does this passage most probably come from
A．A teachers’ handbook. B．A story book.
C．A science magazine. D．A travel journal.
【答案】36．B 37．C 38．A 39．C 40．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段“Though the Argentinean capital is already home to a collection of galleries, Art Basel Cities promises to promote Buenos Aires’ reputation in the global art scene by offering professional support for local artists, as well as lectures and workshops throughout the year to draw art lovers to the city.(尽管阿根廷首都已经有很多画廊，但巴塞尔城市艺术展承诺通过为当地艺术家提供专业支持，以及全年举办讲座和研讨会来吸引艺术爱好者，从而提升布宜诺斯艾利斯在全球艺术界的声誉)”可知，巴塞尔城市艺术展通过提供专业帮助提升布宜诺斯艾利斯的声誉。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段“With wide, original beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resorts, and a farm-to-table food scene, the oasis of Los Cabos is drawing tourists in record numbers.(宽阔、原始的海滩、热闹的夜总会、自然度假胜地和从农场到餐桌的美食场景，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲正吸引着创纪录数量的游客)”可知，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲迷人的景点吸引了许多游客来到这里。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Yet experts know it as the birthplace of the walking safari In South Luangwa
National Park, visitors can expect to see more animals than baobab trees, while Liuwa Plain National Park is the setting for the world’s second-largest wildebeest migration, when tens of thousands of the creatures head across the plain from neighboring Angola.(在南卢安瓜国家公园，游客可以看到比猴面包树更多的动物，而柳瓦平原国家公园是世界上第二大角马迁徙的地点，成千上万的角马从邻国安哥拉穿越平原)”可知，如果你想看角马迁徙，你可以去赞比亚。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Don’t leave town without experiencing beer culture at youthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne or Brussels Beer Project.(别忘了去Brasserie de la Senne或布鲁塞尔啤酒项目等年轻的啤酒厂体验啤酒文化)”可知，作者强烈建议你在比利时布鲁塞尔享受啤酒文化。故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are four best destinations to be after heart-stopping adventure, a close-up look at history, or the perfect meal.(如果你想经历惊心动魄的冒险、近距离了解历史，或者品尝一顿完美的大餐，那么以下四个目的地是你的最佳选择)”结合文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。可知，文章选自旅行日志。故选D。
Passage 5
【2024届天津市宁河区一模】Here are four best destinations to be after heart-stopping adventure, a close-up look at history, or the perfect meal.
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Buenos Aires becomes a hub for art, sports, and politics. Though the Argentinean capital is already home to a collection of galleries, Art Basel Cities promises to promote Buenos Aires’ reputation in the global art scene by offering professional support for local artists, as well as lectures and workshops throughout the year to draw art lovers to the city.
Los Cabos, Mexico
Located at the tip of the Baja Peninsula, the two small colonial towns of Cabo San Lucas and San Jose del Cabo have become the hottest vacation destinations in Mexico in recent years. With wide, original beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resorts, and a farm-to-table food scene, the oasis of Los Cabos is drawing tourists in record numbers. As a result, the hotel scene is booming, with lots of new developments and renovations completed this year.
Zambia
Until now, Zambia has had little recognition as one of Africa’s great safari (狩猎远征) destinations. Yet experts know it as the birthplace of the walking safari In South Luangwa National Park, visitors can expect to see
more animals than baobab trees, while Liuwa Plain National Park is the setting for the world’s second-largest wildebeest migration, when tens of thousands of the creatures head across the plain from neighboring Angola.
Brussels, Belgium
Visitors may want to return to the Belgian capital in 2018 to visit two cutting-edge museums. The Millennium Iconoclast Museum of Art opened to show contemporary art from around the world. There’s also the Citroen Cultural Centre, which will launch its first exhibition in May. The JAM Hotel with exposed brickwork and concrete beams housed in a former art school, is the perfect place for culture lovers to stay. Don’t leave town without experiencing beer culture at youthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne or Brussels Beer Project.
36．How does Art Basel Cities promote Buenos Aires’ reputation
A．By offering lectures only. B．By giving professional help.
C．By building workshops. D．By drawing some pictures.
37．What attracts so many tourists to the oasis of Los Cabos
A．Its wild climate. B．The booming hotels.
C．Its charming attractions. D．The special location.
38．Where can you go if you want to see wildebeest migration
A．Zambia. B．Los Cabos, Mexico.
C．Buenos Aires, Argentina. D．Brussels, Belgium.
39．What does the author strongly advise you to do in Brussels, Belgium
A．Visit modern museums. B．Live in luxury hotels.
C．Enjoy beer culture. D．Attend the art exhibition activities.
40．Where does this passage most probably come from
A．A teachers’ handbook. B．A story book.
C．A science magazine. D．A travel journal.
【答案】36．B 37．C 38．A 39．C 40．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段“Though the Argentinean capital is already home to a collection of galleries, Art Basel Cities promises to promote Buenos Aires’ reputation in the global art scene by offering professional support for local artists, as well as lectures and workshops throughout the year to draw art lovers to the city.(尽管阿根廷首都
已经有很多画廊，但巴塞尔城市艺术展承诺通过为当地艺术家提供专业支持，以及全年举办讲座和研讨会来吸引艺术爱好者，从而提升布宜诺斯艾利斯在全球艺术界的声誉)”可知，巴塞尔城市艺术展通过提供专业帮助提升布宜诺斯艾利斯的声誉。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段“With wide, original beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resorts, and a farm-to-table food scene, the oasis of Los Cabos is drawing tourists in record numbers.(宽阔、原始的海滩、热闹的夜总会、自然度假胜地和从农场到餐桌的美食场景，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲正吸引着创纪录数量的游客)”可知，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲迷人的景点吸引了许多游客来到这里。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Yet experts know it as the birthplace of the walking safari In South Luangwa National Park, visitors can expect to see more animals than baobab trees, while Liuwa Plain National Park is the setting for the world’s second-largest wildebeest migration, when tens of thousands of the creatures head across the plain from neighboring Angola.(在南卢安瓜国家公园，游客可以看到比猴面包树更多的动物，而柳瓦平原国家公园是世界上第二大角马迁徙的地点，成千上万的角马从邻国安哥拉穿越平原)”可知，如果你想看角马迁徙，你可以去赞比亚。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Don’t leave town without experiencing beer culture at youthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne or Brussels Beer Project.(别忘了去Brasserie de la Senne或布鲁塞尔啤酒项目等年轻的啤酒厂体验啤酒文化)”可知，作者强烈建议你在比利时布鲁塞尔享受啤酒文化。故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are four best destinations to be after heart-stopping adventure, a close-up look at history, or the perfect meal.(如果你想经历惊心动魄的冒险、近距离了解历史，或者品尝一顿完美的大餐，那么以下四个目的地是你的最佳选择)”结合文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。可知，文章选自旅行日志。故选D。
Passage 6
【2024届天津市十二区县重点学校联考一模】A lot of people think that college is all about getting good grades, but there are a lot of other things you could be doing to make your college experience more pleasant.
Always make study friends
It’s way better to study with someone else rather than by yourself! If you have trouble focusing when studying, this will keep you off your phone and any other distractions, and you will feel the responsibility of actually studying since another person’s time is at stake. Make sure you are arranging study sessions with the people in your class. You can make group chats through different platforms for you to meet in the library or online.
Attend your professors’ office hours
Professors always have an enormous influence on your educational path. So, make sure they are getting to know you both as a person and as a student. Therefore, office hours are the perfect time for you to come to ask questions and show an interest in their class. Even if you don’t have good grades, it shows that you are trying hard, and they love that.
Check your email
Please make sure you have a valid email address. Almost everything you do in college will involve your email. This is how most professors and every other person in the university community will communicate with you and vice versa (反之亦然).
Review the material that you didn’t understand
Let’s be real: There are two or three days a week when we just feel out of it. We often simply feel a lot of tiredness and very little motivation. It becomes very hard for us to learn something new or remember it. That is OK and every college student feels this way sometimes!
The important thing here is how we make up for the lost time to still have good grades in our classes, and I can give you a very easy strategy to follow. The key is to review the topic or material you were supposed to understand in class later that same day. Please do this!
36．Study friends play an important role in________.
A．attracting your attention when you have trouble focusing
B．driving you to devote more time and attention to your studies
C．helping you arrange study sessions with your classmates
D．making group chats for you to meet in person or online
37．Why importance should be attached to professors’ office hours
A．Because it is a good time for professors to leave a deep impression on you.
B．Because you can show how good your grades are during the hours.
C．Because it is a good chance for professors to further understand you.
D．Because it is when you can share your interests with the professors.
38．What is the purpose of having a valid email address
A．To help students get in touch with their families.
B．To keep students informed of school affairs.
C．To collect useful information for the email users.
D．To make it easier for others on campus to contact you.
39．What does the author suggest students do to achieve high scores in classes
A．Go over the topic or material later that day.
B．Take enough rest and be motivated all the time.
C．Consult the professors during office hours.
D．Try to make up for the lost time as much as possible.
40．Who will probably find this passage most helpful
A．Working staff in colleg押天津卷36~55题
细节理解题+词义猜测题
核心考点 考情统计 考向预测 备考策略
细节理解题 【2023年第二次】 Q36；Q37；Q38；Q39；Q40；Q41；Q43；Q44；Q46；Q47；Q48；Q49；Q51；Q52；Q53；Q54 【2023年第一次】 Q36；Q37；Q38；Q39；Q40；Q42；Q43；Q44；Q47；Q19；Q51；Q52；Q53 【2022年第二次】 Q36；Q37；Q38；Q39；Q40；Q42；Q44；Q51；Q52；Q55 2024年高考天津卷还会集中考查细节理解的直接信息题,间接信息题和数字计算题，而且细节理解题仍然占阅读理解的较高比重。 2024年高考天津卷还会考查猜测词义题，以猜测单词和短语意思为主，兼顾代词和句子的意思。 细节理解题： 定位关键词，找到相关词语或句子。 精准翻译对应词句，核对细节，注意原文和题干及选项中的词义替换。 核对细节时尤其关注选项绝对词，原文原句词句等干扰项。 词义猜测题： 构词法猜词义 逻辑法猜测词义 在阅读材料中，可以根据下定义、举例子、解释等猜测词义。 标点符号猜测词义 同义或反义关系猜测词义 上下文联系猜测词义
词义猜测题 【2023年第二次】 Q46
Passage 1
【2023年天津第二次】Welcome to UCLA Exchange Program! Let’s get started by checking out Student Guide for your academic journey!
Signing up for ESL (English as a Second Language)
ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills. Enrollment (课程注册) priority is given to degree students. If space is available, you may enroll. You will then be asked to take an ESL Placement Test. The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you.
Changing Your Course Enrollment List
You may change your class schedule during the first two weeks of the term by adding or dropping courses from your enrollment list. After the second week of classes, there will be a charge for each schedule change. Students often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list, as other students may have dropped it.
Withdrawing from Courses
If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. If you forget to officially drop that course, a “F” (Fail) grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term. If, at a later date, you wish to apply for a job or graduate school where an official copy of your UCLA record is required, it will be to your advantage to provide an impressive academic record.
Taking Exams
Some instructors choose to put previous test papers on library reserve, making them available to all students. These exams, which students commonly use for practice, can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material. You can also access the exams online.
34．Exchange students can enroll in the ESL course if they ________.
A．have done well in the placement test
B．are asked to improve their English skills
C．find a vacancy after degree students’ enrollment
D．have completed UCLA’s registration procedures
35．An ESL Placement Test is aimed to ________.
A．improve the students’ language skills
B．encourage the students to answer questions
C．put the students in a class that fits them
D．help the students apply for a degree
36．What is the deadline for a free enrollment list change
A．The day when the class is full.
B．The first day of instruction.
C．The first week of the class.
D．The end of the second week.
37．What should exchange students do if they choose to stop taking a course
A．Seek assistance from UCLA officials.
B．Go through the procedures to drop it.
C．Present past academic records to UCLA．
D．Make a request to the Registration Office.
38．Working on previous tests helps students ________.
A．imitate the way that their instructors write test questions
B．learn how questions are asked and what they are based on
C．come up with new ideas about how testing relates to teaching
D．narrow down to what has not yet been covered in online tests
Passage 2
【2023年天津第二次】Getting the “side-eye” look from your dog can make it seem like they are making a judgement about you, and some new studies suggest they really could be.
The ability to judge others’ intentions is an indicator of possessing “theory of mind” which was once thought to be unique to humans. However, new studies have shown that dogs can read human behaviour and have a preference to people who are more friendly or generous with food.
One such study published in 2023 aimed to see if dogs can tell the difference between humans who are “unwilling” or “unable” to give them a treat. 96 dogs were involved in both “unwilling” and “unable” scenarios (情境) designed for the study. Both scenarios involved a dog being placed on one side of a glass screen with small holes in it at nose-height, and an experimenter standing on the other. In the ‘unwilling’ scenario, the experimenter would hang a piece of sausage in front of the screen in a ‘teasing’ (戏耍的) manner, and approach one of the holes. But instead of passing it through the hole to the dog, they would then pull it out of its reach. For the “unable” scenario, the experimenter would again move the treat towards the hole while the dog watched, but “accidentally”
drop it before they could pass it through.
The researchers observed that the dogs were much more patient, making more eye contact and staying closer to the screen after the “unable” scenario played out. In the “unwilling” scenario, however, the dogs looked at the experimenter less often, sat, lay down and wandered around more frequently.
Another study from 2021 tested for “theory of mind” in dogs in a similar way, but the dogs were able to walk round the screen to obtain the treat after witnessing the experimenter’s “unwilling” or “unable” behaviour. The main finding was that the dogs approached the experimenter significantly sooner in the unable scenario than in the unwilling scenario.
However, the researchers of the 2023 study challenged that the food dropped on the floor in the clumsy (笨拙的) manner might have motivated the dogs to approach the experimenter considering that they probably often obtain food dropped on the floor in their daily lives.
Now, more evidence has been provided that dogs distinguish between similar actions associated with different intentions. But how exactly they acquire such intention-reading abilities will be an exciting topic for future research.
44．What is one of the new research findings according to Paragraph 2
A．Dogs also have “theory of mind”.
B．Dogs prefer food from generous people.
C．Human behaviours are mostly intentional.
D．Friendly animals can get food more easily.
45．What did the experimenter do in the “unwilling” scenario in the 2023 study
A．They acted awkwardly while feeding the dog.
B．They pretended to walk slowly away from the dog.
C．They teased the dog by fixing the treat to the screen.
D．They pulled the sausage beyond the dog’s reach.
46．How did the dogs of the 2023 study respond to the “unable” behaviour
A．By moving closer to the experimenter.
B．By keeping wandering around.
C．By ignoring the experimenter.
D．By lying still on the floor
47．How does the experiment design of the 2021 study differ from that of 2023
A．The dogs can watch the experimenter.
B．The dogs can go to the other side of the screen.
C．The dogs’ responses are under close observation.
D．The dogs’ habitual behaviours are under analysis.
48．What do the dogs’ different responses in “unwilling” and “unable” scenarios suggest
A．Dogs can tell “being friendly” from “being mean”
B．Dogs’ intelligence is gradually evolving.
C．Dogs’ intentions can be easily identified.
D．Dogs are a lot more emotional than other animals.
Passage 3
【2023年天津第一次】STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS
All students may apply to work on campus.
Getting started
Before starting any position, all students need to complete required taforms and show identification. International students also need:
*Social Security card *Bank account
*Valid passport *Official work permit
*Letter of support from the office of International Student Life
Looking for a job on Handshake
Handshake is an online job search platform for college students. With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps:
*Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college.
*Complete personalization of your profile.
*Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button.
*Fill out desired information:location, job type, etc.
*Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button.
You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that
interest you. On-campus jobs available for students
*Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday)
*Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays)
*Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday)
*Bookstore/mailroom(9:00-12:00 at weekends)
*Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays)
Maximum working hours
*During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week.
*During the summer break,a student may not work more than 30 hours a week.
*The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job.
For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314
34．What documents are necessary for an international student to seek employment
A．Passport and Insurance Certificate.
B．Work permit and Academic report.
C．Bank account and Letter of support.
D．Health Certificate and Social Security card.
35．Before searching for a job on Handshake, you need to_________.
A．consult a career coach B．personalize your profile
C．attend job training D．set up a new email account
36．Where could you work on Tuesday evenings
A．In the athletic department. B．In the dining hall.
C．In the library. D．In the bookstore.
37．Which working arrangement is allowed for a domestic student
A．40 hours per week during the summer break.
B．20 hours per week during the semester.
C．2 jobs, each with 16 hours per week.
D．3 jobs, each with 2 hours per week.
38．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A university website. B．A course guide.
C．A summer camp notice. D．A business magazine.
Passage 4
【2023年天津第一次】I love making art and looking at artworks. I’ve found myself wondering how we gain pleasure from art. And now neuroaesthetics, a combination of neuroscience (神经科学) and aesthetics (美学), may provide an answer.
Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments. Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks” that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.
But why do we find some art beautiful and other art ugly According to research, it all comes down to the “aesthetic triad (三元组合)”.
The first part of the triad is sensory-motor. This involves perceiving things like colours, shapes and movements. Movement in art has an interesting role. If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience. The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response.
Second is emotion-valuation. This is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling. The part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful. This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) (经颅磁刺激). If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.
The third part is meaning-knowledge. This is to do with how we can connect with a piece of art and what meaning we can create in it. Art is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning. If we find meaning, then we often find pleasure. We also get enjoyment from the knowledge of how something was made. For the images that an artist creates, viewers will probably get far more enjoyment once they know the process used to create them.
Informed by neuroaesthetics, the next time I create my art I will value the process even more, enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain as I admire the vivid images that I have created.
44．What does “neuronal fireworks” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A beautiful painting or sculpture.
B．The lighting-up of specific brain areas.
C．An advanced brain imaging technology.
D．The aesthetic assessment of modern art.
45．What effect does movement in art produce on the viewers
A．Certain part of their brain is activated.
B．Their experience of pain is reduced.
C．Their aesthetic sense is sharpened.
D．Their body reactions are delayed.
46．The application of TMS to the brain described in Paragraph 5 leads to__________.
A．raised memory capacity
B．enhanced painting skills
C．changed artistic taste
D．improved decision-making ability
47．According to the author, what increases our enjoyment of a piece of art
A．Knowing how it is created.
B．Having a pleasant personality.
C．Learning how science develops.
D．Understanding the meaning of life.
48．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To propose an abstract theory of art making.
B．To reveal the beauty of science in an artistic way.
C．To share some personal understanding of artworks.
D．To introduce a new research field for art appreciation.
Passage 5
【2022年天津第二次】Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of
changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
36．Who is this passage most probably written for
A．College teachers.
B．University graduates.
C．High school teachers.
D．Would-be college students.
37．What is the author’s suggestion for reaching a huge goal
A．Divide it into smaller, more achievable ones.
B．Reward oneself for each goal one has set.
C．Purchase a clear, updated roadmap.
D．Push oneself to an upper level.
38．One of the suggested ways to enhance your interpersonal skills is to ________.
A．prepare complicated questions
B．try on someone else’s shoes
C．listen to others carefully
D．take advantage of others
39．What is the key to successful college study according to the author
A．Being well-organized.
B．Being well-informed.
C．Effective reading skills.
D．Reliable research methods.
40．To learn how to manage money, the first thing to do is________.
A．save money for financial investment
B．estimate one’s income and expenses
C．set aside money for fun activities
D．open a personal bank account
Passage 6
【2022年天津第二次】Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their
happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
51．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us
A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-sighted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
52．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D．Through offering help much needed by others.
53．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
54．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results
A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world.
B．When our love for the world is insufficient.
C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life.
D．When we stay blind to the reality.
55．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge
秘籍01 细节理解题
1.读完题干，确定关键词；
2.在文章中找出关键词(定位)；
3.对比(对比文章和选项有没有相同的或者相似的)；
4. 同义替换就是答案；
5.如果技巧找不到答案，就在理解的基础上解题。
注意：
特殊疑问词开头的题一般都是细节理解词。解题关键就是一个字“找”!
标志词:What/How/Where/why
如果它问的是哪个是对的或哪个是错的，或者找相同点或不同点，这样的题需要你耐心地去一个一个地找！
干扰项特征：
文不对题。是原文信息，但不是与题目对应的内容。
2.张冠李戴。细节与原文一致，但把本来做这件事的“张三”换成“李四”。
3.无中生有。符合常识，但原文未提及。
4.偷梁换柱。与原文信息极其相似，但在关键信息处改变了修饰语或所指对象等从而改变具体内涵。
5.扩缩范围。如原文用almost,all, nearly,more than,normally,usually 等词对信息加以限制，干扰选项则改变了限定范围。
6.颠倒是非。与原文信息大相径庭甚至完全相反。
7. 正误参半。内容部分正确，部分错误。
秘籍02词义猜测题解题秘籍
①因果关系猜词
找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。
标志词：because, as, since,for, so, thus, as a result, ofcourse, therefore 等。
②同义词猜词
看由 and 或 or连接的同义词词组，如 happy and gay,可通过and推断两个是同义词
③反义词猜词
一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but, while,however 等；二是看与not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。
④句法功能推测
比如Bananas,oranges, pineapples, coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.
从句中不难看出:
pineapples, coconuts,bananas和oranges 是同类关系，同属fruit 类，因此它们是两样水果。
⑤通过描述、常识猜词
最后提醒
题文同序，出题和文章段落顺序相同，顺着做就行。千万不要跳读！
绝对化用词谨慎选择(only/must/never/all/最高级），除非原文有明确提及。
Passage 1
【2024届天津市和平区一模】If there’s such a person as a young STEM icon, Gitanjali Rao, who’s now 18, is the one.
In April 2014, the city of Flint disconnected from Detroit’s water line as a cost-cutting measure and began to draw water from the Flint River. Soon after, shockingly high levels of lead (铅) were found in the city’s water supply. It took several years, during which residents including children were showing up with mysterious rashes (皮疹) and other illnesses, before national attention to the crisis forced the city to admit it had a problem.
When she learned about the crisis, Gitanjali Rao was troubled enough to do something. “I was shocked by the number of people affected by lead pollution in water and I wanted to do something to change this,” she said. Inspiration really struck her after she watched her engineer parents test for lead in their own tap water. She decided to build a lead-detecting device that would be easy and affordable for anyone to use. In 2017, she developed a device called Tethys. It won her the title “America’s Top Young Scientist” in the 3M Young Scientist Challenge. Marvel even created a superhero, Genius Gitanjali, which celebrates her work on clean water.
In the meantime, Rao had been working on solutions to other issues she cared about. She started developing Epione, a device that tests protein in body fluid samples to detect opioid (阿片类药物) use disorder, in 2018. “Many people need opioids for their pain management and end up with serious addictions,” she said. “Physicians don’t have any easy tools to diagnose opioid addiction at an early stage.”
Additionally, Rao launched an AI-based, anti-cyber bullying app called Kindly in May, 2020. “You type in a sentence, and it’s able to pick a word or phrase out if it’s bullying, and it gives you the option to edit it,” said Rao. “As a teenager, I know teenagers tend to lash out sometimes. The app gives you the chance to rethink what you’re saying so that you know what to do next time around.”
Hailey Scheinman, a 15-year-old girl who met Rao through Marvel’s Hero Project that spotlights youth making an impact on their communities, admires how Rao promotes kindness through science. “Usually people tend toward one part of the brain, the logic piece or the scientific piece. Then there’s the emotional or the creative piece. I’ve learned from her to bring those two together,” says Scheinman.
41．Why did Flint stop drawing water from Detroit in 2014
A．Flint wanted to save some money.
B．Flint aimed to develop its local economy.
C．Detroit’s water made Flint’s residents sick.
D．The public forced Flint to change its water supply.
42．What made Gitanjali Rao want to do something for Flint’s water crisis
A．Her love for her hometown. B．Her parents’ encouragement.
C．Her sympathy for Flint’s residents. D．Her determination to help her parents.
43．In paragraph 5, teenagers who tend to lash out are likely to ______.
A．adopt new ideas. B．speak offensive words.
C．learn to control their feelings. D．be more careful with their words.
44．Which column is this article more probable to be taken from
A．Health. B．Economy. C．Celebrity. D．Education.
Passage 2
【2024届天津市河西区一模】When I was young I wanted to be a model, so when a national contest was staged, I convinced my parents to take me for an audition (试演). I was selected and told I had potential. They said that for only $900 I could attend a weekend event which dozens of the most prestigious (有声望的) modeling agencies from around the world would attend. At 13, my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go. We have never been rich, but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed.
I imagined being signed by some famous model companies. For months, any boredom or disappointment was pushed aside because I knew I would soon have the chance to be a real model. I thought I would grace the covers of
famous magazines!
Of course, I wasn’t signed, but what hurt me most was being told that if I grew to 5’9” (about 1.75 metres) I could be a success. I prayed for a growth spurt (冲刺) because I could not imagine giving up my dream. I made an appointment with a local modeling agency and the agent demanded $ 500 for classes, $500 for a photo shoot, and $ 300 for other expenses. My parents only agreed after hours and hours of me begging.
The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn’t receive a call I grew more depressed. The final straw came in July after I had decided to focus on commercial (广告) modeling. There was an open call in New York City. We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated (感到难以承受的).
Years later Ire zed that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn’t actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future.
41．What’s the main reason why the author wanted to be a model
A．She won a national contest.
B．She wanted to get reputation and wealth.
C．She was urged by some modeling agencies.
D．She had full potential to be a successful model.
42．What’s the author’s parents’ attitude toward her dream
A．Encouraging. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Enthusiastic.
43．What was that made the author end her attempt to become a model
A．Her parents were strongly against it.
B．She realized that it was impossible for her.
C．Even a local modeling agency turned her down.
D．She realized that she didn’t actually love the idea of modeling.
44．The underlined phrase “The final straw” probably means
A．the last in a series of bad things that happen to make someone very upset angry, etc
B．the final result that she was admitted by the model company
C．the final audition given by the agency
D．the decision that she made at last not to be a model anymore
45．What did the author learn from her experience of struggling to be a model
A．Where there’s a will there’s away.
B．Being a model is not that easy.
C．We should have our own judgment and should not just follow others.
D．We might set unpractical goals but the experiences can help us grow.
Passage 3
【2024届天津市红桥区一模】When you’re choosing a college, a lot of factors probably may be considered: the school’s reputation, the classes offered, and the professors in your major, to name a few. However, considering the increasing competitiveness of universities to attract more and more applicants, many schools now offer extra benefits to be enjoyed by all of their students. Here are some of the coolest:
University of Missouri
When you think of a campus gym, you probably picture a room equipped with old weights and out-of-date machines. However, at the University of Missouri, you can enjoy one of the best campus fitness centers in the country. It features an “indoor beach” complete with a waterfall and a lazy river, as well as a full-service spa. Even if you don’t normally enjoy working out, Missouri’s fitness center will give you a reason to go to the gym.
High Point University
If you see yourself quickly tired of dining hall food — something that happens to almost all of us — High Point University in North Carolina has a great option for you: a private steakhouse for students. It’s a first-class restaurant, and, best of all, you don’t have to pay for the meal out of your own pocket. You can use your dining dollars instead.
Set on Hall University
If you’re stressing out about the extra cost of technology when you start college, Seton Hall has great news for you: all freshmen are given free laptops through the university’s Mobile Computing Program. As a freshman, you’ll receive a laptop already set up with all of the software that you’ll need as a student. Then, after two years, you’ll receive a new and updated laptop designed to carry to through until after you graduate.
New York University
If you’re a fan of museums, NYU (New York University) is the perfect university for you not only are you located in the heart of a city featuring some of the best museums in the world, but the university will even provide you with free admission to many of them. You can take advantage of visiting free museums at any time you want
— and you’ll never be bored on the weekends.
36．What can we learn from Paragraph1
A．It is hard to be admitted to a university.
B．A university’s fame is the top consideration.
C．The competition to attract applicants is fierce.
D．Extra benefits makes no difference to applicants.
37．What can we learn about the fitness center in the University of Missouri
A．Its equipment is out of date.
B．It is the best one in the world.
C．It has a real beach there.
D．It can arouse students’ interest in workout.
38．Which university offers extra benefit of food
A．University of Missouri. B．High Point University.
C．Seton Hall University. D．New York University.
39．What can be guaranteed for students choosing Seton Hall University
A．Free tuition. B．Free accommodation.
C．Free computers D．High graduation rate.
40．Which of the following is true of New York University
A．It is located in the center of the city.
B．It houses the best museums in the world.
C．All the museums are open to its students for free.
D．Museums are usually closed on the weekends.
Passage 4
【2024届天津市宁河区一模】Here are four best destinations to be after heart-stopping adventure, a close-up look at history, or the perfect meal.
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Buenos Aires becomes a hub for art, sports, and politics. Though the Argentinean capital is already home to a collection of galleries, Art Basel Cities promises to promote Buenos Aires’ reputation in the global art scene by offering professional support for local artists, as well as lectures and workshops throughout the year to draw art
lovers to the city.
Los Cabos, Mexico
Located at the tip of the Baja Peninsula, the two small colonial towns of Cabo San Lucas and San Jose del Cabo have become the hottest vacation destinations in Mexico in recent years. With wide, original beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resorts, and a farm-to-table food scene, the oasis of Los Cabos is drawing tourists in record numbers. As a result, the hotel scene is booming, with lots of new developments and renovations completed this year.
Zambia
Until now, Zambia has had little recognition as one of Africa’s great safari (狩猎远征) destinations. Yet experts know it as the birthplace of the walking safari In South Luangwa National Park, visitors can expect to see more animals than baobab trees, while Liuwa Plain National Park is the setting for the world’s second-largest wildebeest migration, when tens of thousands of the creatures head across the plain from neighboring Angola.
Brussels, Belgium
Visitors may want to return to the Belgian capital in 2018 to visit two cutting-edge museums. The Millennium Iconoclast Museum of Art opened to show contemporary art from around the world. There’s also the Citroen Cultural Centre, which will launch its first exhibition in May. The JAM Hotel with exposed brickwork and concrete beams housed in a former art school, is the perfect place for culture lovers to stay. Don’t leave town without experiencing beer culture at youthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne or Brussels Beer Project.
36．How does Art Basel Cities promote Buenos Aires’ reputation
A．By offering lectures only. B．By giving professional help.
C．By building workshops. D．By drawing some pictures.
37．What attracts so many tourists to the oasis of Los Cabos
A．Its wild climate. B．The booming hotels.
C．Its charming attractions. D．The special location.
38．Where can you go if you want to see wildebeest migration
A．Zambia. B．Los Cabos, Mexico.
C．Buenos Aires, Argentina. D．Brussels, Belgium.
39．What does the author strongly advise you to do in Brussels, Belgium
A．Visit modern museums. B．Live in luxury hotels.
C．Enjoy beer culture. D．Attend the art exhibition activities.
40．Where does this passage most probably come from
A．A teachers’ handbook. B．A story book.
C．A science magazine. D．A travel journal.
Passage 5
【2024届天津市宁河区一模】Here are four best destinations to be after heart-stopping adventure, a close-up look at history, or the perfect meal.
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Buenos Aires becomes a hub for art, sports, and politics. Though the Argentinean capital is already home to a collection of galleries, Art Basel Cities promises to promote Buenos Aires’ reputation in the global art scene by offering professional support for local artists, as well as lectures and workshops throughout the year to draw art lovers to the city.
Los Cabos, Mexico
Located at the tip of the Baja Peninsula, the two small colonial towns of Cabo San Lucas and San Jose del Cabo have become the hottest vacation destinations in Mexico in recent years. With wide, original beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resorts, and a farm-to-table food scene, the oasis of Los Cabos is drawing tourists in record numbers. As a result, the hotel scene is booming, with lots of new developments and renovations completed this year.
Zambia
Until now, Zambia has had little recognition as one of Africa’s great safari (狩猎远征) destinations. Yet experts know it as the birthplace of the walking safari In South Luangwa National Park, visitors can expect to see more animals than baobab trees, while Liuwa Plain National Park is the setting for the world’s second-largest wildebeest migration, when tens of thousands of the creatures head across the plain from neighboring Angola.
Brussels, Belgium
Visitors may want to return to the Belgian capital in 2018 to visit two cutting-edge museums. The Millennium Iconoclast Museum of Art opened to show contemporary art from around the world. There’s also the Citroen Cultural Centre, which will launch its first exhibition in May. The JAM Hotel with exposed brickwork and concrete beams housed in a former art school, is the perfect place for culture lovers to stay. Don’t leave town without
experiencing beer culture at youthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne or Brussels Beer Project.
36．How does Art Basel Cities promote Buenos Aires’ reputation
A．By offering lectures only. B．By giving professional help.
C．By building workshops. D．By drawing some pictures.
37．What attracts so many tourists to the oasis of Los Cabos
A．Its wild climate. B．The booming hotels.
C．Its charming attractions. D．The special location.
38．Where can you go if you want to see wildebeest migration
A．Zambia. B．Los Cabos, Mexico.
C．Buenos Aires, Argentina. D．Brussels, Belgium.
39．What does the author strongly advise you to do in Brussels, Belgium
A．Visit modern museums. B．Live in luxury hotels.
C．Enjoy beer culture. D．Attend the art exhibition activities.
40．Where does this passage most probably come from
A．A teachers’ handbook. B．A story book.
C．A science magazine. D．A travel journal.
Passage 6
【2024届天津市十二区县重点学校联考一模】A lot of people think that college is all about getting good grades, but there are a lot of other things you could be doing to make your college experience more pleasant.
Always make study friends
It’s way better to study with someone else rather than by yourself! If you have trouble focusing when studying, this will keep you off your phone and any other distractions, and you will feel the responsibility of actually studying since another person’s time is at stake. Make sure you are arranging study sessions with the people in your class. You can make group chats through different platforms for you to meet in the library or online.
Attend your professors’ office hours
Professors always have an enormous influence on your educational path. So, make sure they are getting to know you both as a person and as a student. Therefore, office hours are the perfect time for you to come to ask questions and show an interest in their class. Even if you don’t have good grades, it shows that you are trying hard,
and they love that.
Check your email
Please make sure you have a valid email address. Almost everything you do in college will involve your email. This is how most professors and every other person in the university community will communicate with you and vice versa (反之亦然).
Review the material that you didn’t understand
Let’s be real: There are two or three days a week when we just feel out of it. We often simply feel a lot of tiredness and very little motivation. It becomes very hard for us to learn something new or remember it. That is OK and every college student feels this way sometimes!
The important thing here is how we make up for the lost time to still have good grades in our classes, and I can give you a very easy strategy to follow. The key is to review the topic or material you were supposed to understand in class later that same day. Please do this!
36．Study friends play an important role in________.
A．attracting your attention when you have trouble focusing
B．driving you to devote more time and attention to your studies
C．helping you arrange study sessions with your classmates
D．making group chats for you to meet in person or online
37．Why importance should be attached to professors’ office hours
A．Because it is a good time for professors to leave a deep impression on you.
B．Because you can show how good your grades are during the hours.
C．Because it is a good chance for professors to further understand you.
D．Because it is when you can share your interests with the professors.
38．What is the purpose of having a valid email address
A．To help students get in touch with their families.
B．To keep students informed of school affairs.
C．To collect useful information for the email users.
D．To make it easier for others on campus to contact you.
39．What does the author suggest students do to achieve high scores in classes
A．Go over the topic or material later that day.
B．Take enough rest and be motivated all the time.
C．Consult the professors during office hours.
D．Try to make up for the lost time as much as possible.
40．Who will probably find this passage most helpful
A．Working staff in colleges. B．Senior students in universities.
C．Would-be college students. D．High school teachers and students.
Passage 7
【2024届天津市十二区县重点学校联考一模】 It was one of those terribly hot days in Baltimore. Needless to say, it was too hot to do anything outside. But it was also scorching in our apartment. This was 1962, and I would not live in a place with an air conditioner for another ten years. So my brother and I decided to leave the apartment to find someplace indoors. He suggested we could see a movie. It was a brilliant plan.
Movie theaters were one of the few places you could sit all day and—most important—sit in air conditioning. In those days, you could buy one ticket and sit through two movies. Then, the theater would show the same two movies again. If you wanted to, you could sit through them twice. Most people did not do that, but the manager at our theater. Mr. Bellow did not mind if you did.
That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat. We bought three bags of popcorn and three sodas each. Then, we sat and watched The Music Man followed by The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance. We’d already seen the second movie once before. It had been at the theater since January, because Mr. Bellow loved anything with John Wayne in it.
We left the theater around 8, just before the evening shows began. But we returned the next day and saw the same two movies again, twice more. And we did it the next day too. Finally, on the fourth day, the heat wave broke.
Still, to this day I can sing half the songs in The Music Man and recite half of John Wayne and Jimmy Stewart’s dialogue from The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance! Those memories are some of the few I have of the heat wave of 1962. They’re really memories of the screen, not memories of my life.
41．In which year did the author first live in a place with an air conditioner
A．1952. B．1962. C．1972. D．1982.
42．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The heat
B．The theater.
C．The Music Man
D．The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance
43．What do we know about Mr. Bellow
A．He loved children very much.
B．He was a fan of John Wayne.
C．He sold air conditioners.
D．He was a movie star.
44．Why did the author and his/her brother see the same movies several times
A．The two movies were really wonderful.
B．They wanted to avoid the heat outside.
C．The manager of the theater was friendly.
D．They liked the popcorn and the soda at the theater.
45．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The author turned out to be a great singer.
B．The author enjoyed the heat wave of 1962.
C．The author’s life has been changed by the two movies.
D．The author considers the experience at the theater unforgettable.
Passage 8
【2024届天津市十二区县重点校高三一模】Pooja Rai was a young architecture student in 2014 when she went with a friend to give food to a local orphanage. She was surprised at what she saw.
Kids were playing with anything they could get their hands on. One group was rolling around a broken metal pipe. Two boys were trying to play badminton, using old shoes as rackets. “Play shouldn’t just be part of a rich kid’s lifestyle. All kids have a right to enjoy their childhoods.” Rai says.
Over the next few weeks, she talked with friends about collecting money for a playground. And that’s when she thought of old tires. Around 100 million tires are thrown away in India every year. Could they reuse them as playground materials and help the environment, too
That idea became a reality in 2015, using old tires—all cleaned, carefully looked over to make sure they are safe to use, and painted in bright colors. The following year, she created Anthill Creations, which has built 275
playgrounds across India—celebrating the power of play in public spaces orphanages, and schools.
“Our work always begins with talks with kids about what they want from this space.” says Rai. Sometimes it can take a few hours, or a few visits, until children are ready to open up. She also draws on her experience as an architect. “I found that spaces are powerful in shaping people’s behavior.” she says.
Most of the play spaces Rai designs feature large tire sculptures of cars, buildings, or animals, paired with more classic elements of swings and jungle gyms.
In one girl’s school in Bengaluru, the children wanted their play space to be shaped into a boxing ring, with tires doubling up as punching bags. “Their teacher was unsure about it.” Rai remembers. “But the girls said they didn’t want people to see them as weak. They wanted to practice self-defense and grow stronger.” In December 2019, this playground became a reality.
41．What did Rai find out about the kids in a local orphanage
A．They behaved badly. B．They were badly treated.
C．They had nothing to do but play. D．They were short of play equipment.
42．What did Rai do with the thrown-away tires
A．She renewed them in a tire shop.
B．She turned them into artistic works.
C．She used them to design play spaces.
D．She sold them to raise money for hungry kids.
43．What did Rai take into consideration when carrying out her work
A．Children’s needs. B．Children’s experiences.
C．Her favourite childhood games. D．An architect friend’s suggestions.
44．What can we learn about the girls from the last paragraph
A．They needed to build their confidence.
B．They wanted to win their teachers’ trust.
C．They finally had their dream playground.
D．They often helped with collecting old tires.
45．Which of the following can best describe Rai
A．Talented and hard-working. B．Creative and kind-hearted.
C．Realistic and lonely. D．Poor but caring.
Passage 9
【2024届天津市和平区一模】The world is full of advice on how to get a good night’s sleep, but sometimes doing so just isn’t possible. If you are struggling with a sleep disorder, are a shift worker or have a baby who. wakes every few hours, being told how to sleep well can be annoying. For others, despite feeling exhausted all day, a fourth episode of your favorite TV series can seem more appealing than going to bed.
How do you know if you are sleep-deprived For some people, the answer will be obvious; for others, it may be less so. Russell Foster, a professor at the University of Oxford, specifies three signs that you are probably not getting enough sleep: “Feeling that you don’t perform at your peak during the day; oversleeping on free days; or craving (渴望得到) a nap during the day.”
“Lack of good sleep can cause an imbalance in your appetite hormones,” says Martin Meadows, a registered dietitian: “The hormone ghrelin, which causes you to feel hungry, increases and the hormone leptin, which signals that you are full; decreases.”
As Meadows says: “It’s a perfect storm where we want to eat more and we don’t know when to stop, combined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived our willpower is lower, arid it all becomes pretty tricky. Poor sleep, or sleep deprivation (匮乏), leads to an increased likelihood of poor lifestyle choices. Many of us get stuck in the habit of eating junk food, and the knock-on effect is that the junk food disturbs our sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s more stimulating.”
“Short term, you can get away with the negative influence of sleep deprivation of you,” says Foster. “It’s in the long term that things start to fall apart.” He catalogues the ill effects: “Your cognitive performance. drops with accumulated sleep deprivation—your communication skills, your decision-making skills, your memory.” There is also an increased risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, depression and psychosis.
Fortunately, according to Meadows, most of us could do with an extra hour to an hour and a half of sleep each night to cope with sleep deprivation. And if you had a bad night’s sleep, Meadows recommends “making a conscious effort to choose foods such as wholegrains, beans, fruits and vegetables. Because they are packed with fiber and water, they will help you feel full while limiting your overall energy intake.”
45．The examples given in the first paragraph are intended to ______.
A．list reasons why people hate advice on good sleep B．highlight the harm caused by sleep deprivation
C．present the factual phenomenon of lack of sleep D．form a contrast with the
following paragraphs
46．How does lack of good sleep affect appetite according to Martin Meadows
A．It disturbs the feeling of being hungry or full. B．It ruins your appetite instead of feeling hungry.
C．It causes imbalance in eating and sleeping D．It has no impact on appetite hormones.
47．Which of the following message is conveyed by Meadows in paragraph.4
A．When it’s stormy outside, we crave for junk food and a good night sleep.
B．When we feel under the weather, we should eat less and sleep more.
C．We should combine healthy eating with regular sleep together.
D．Bad eating and sleep deprivation contributes to each other.
48．Which of the following may, NOT be a consequence of sleep deprivation
A．Irregular heartbeat. B．Failing memory.
C．Poor decision-making. D．Bad choices of lifestyle.
49．People lacking sleep are encouraged to ______.
A.sleep for as long as they want during the day
B．watch one episode of their favorite TV series
C．prevent yourself from energy intake each night
D．consume food rich in fiber and water
Passage 10
【2024届天津市和平区一模】There was much discussion of the concept of “quiet quitting” meaning, doing the bare minimum at work. And perhaps that’s not surprising: nowadays employee’s stress levels are at all-time highs. When you’re exhausted and overwhelmed, it feels like something needs to give up—the pursuit of excellence at work.
But is taking your foot off the gas the answer I’d argue it isn’t. As a writer focused on time management, I’ve come to realize that the opposite of burnout isn’t doing nothing but engagement. That’s what I found when I ran a study with more than 140 busy people. At the beginning, they spoke of feeling exhausted and tapped out. “My work to do list is never ending,”. one person said.
The participants applied time-management strategies over the course of nine weeks. But instead of asking them to scale things back, most of the strategies I taught people were additive. I had them build in regular physical activity, make space for little adventures. And when it came to leisure activities, I asked them to put “effortful
before effortless”—to choose those that require action over those that are passive.
I also introduced them to the principle of taking “one night for you”—committing to doing something you enjoy, apart from work and family. As with quiet quitting, this might sometimes mean leaving work a little earlier than usual, but the point is not to do less; the idea is adding energizing activities to your schedule.
And it worked. Over weeks, participants came to feel that their schedules were brimming (充满) with activities that they had actively chosen—and as a result, time felt more abundant. Their satisfaction with how they spent their time overall rose 16 percent from the beginning to the end. They even reported making more progress on their professional goals —pretty much the opposite of quiet quitting—as their increased energy and engagement spilled over into all areas of life.
We each have the same hours every week. But time is also all about the stories we tell ourselves. When life is full of have-to-dos, we can feel beaten down by responsibilities. But add things we actually want to do, and time feels different. We feel a bit more in control of our lives. Put simply, when we put time into what we find energizing, our inner narrative changes. We no longer feel like life is a slog (苦役), when you’re feeling overwhelmed, committing time to something that feels wonderful could be a better bet than simply doing less.
50．According to Paragraph 1, quiet quitting makes one ______.
A．feel exhausted and overwhelmed B．pursue no excellence at work
C．work at all-time highs D．hardly finish the work on time
51．According to the writer, what is the best way for people to handle their exhaustion
A．Proper participation before burning out. B．The cut-down of to-do list and a proper rest.
C．Adding active elements to be effortful. D．Time management and physical activity.
52．What does the underlined part “scale things back” mean in the passage
A．To pay more effort than required. B．To go back to nature and relax.
C．To reflect on the old days. D．To reduce the amount of work.
53．The idea of “one night for you” is suggested, for one can ______
A．enjoy adventure with family members. B．go for physical exercises after work.
C．choose to be an active person at night. D．engage yourself in more favorable things.
54．What is the main idea of paragraph 5
A．Actively choosing activities have positive impact.
B．People are satisfied with more free time to spent.
C．People can make progress if they do not quit quietly.
D．Too much energy may be wasted if not concerned about.
55．What is the proper title of the passage
A．The power of time management. B．Strategies for a More Satisfying Life.
C．The secret of a happy life: Quiet Quitting. D．Rejecting Quiet Quitting: Active participation.
Passage 11
【2024届天津市河北区一模】Every year, millions of monarch butterflies migrate 3,000 miles to Mexico from North America. “Everybody knows about the monarchs’ migration,” says Andy Davis, an animal ecologist at the University of Georgia. “But one of the things that we still don’t understand is how they’re capable of making such tremendous flight while being such small animals with limited energy.” Amazingly, some of the monarch’s continent-spanning magic may be owed to the size of its wing spot, according to a study published in PLOS One.
The question of how color influences the monarch’s flight began when Mostafa Hassanalian, a professor of mechanical engineering, published a paper about how the colors on the wings of the albatross (信天翁) might help it fly for longer distances. The black on the top of the bird’s wings absorbs more solar energy, creating a pocket of warm air; the white on the bottom absorbs less. Together, the opposite colors create more lift and less drag, helping the albatross to fly up more efficiently.
Motivated by Hassanalian’s paper, Andy Davis contacted him and they teamed up with three other experts to investigate whether the orange, black. and white patterns on North American monarch butterflies’ wings influenced their flight distance. Specifically, they explored whether these color patterns determined how far the butterflies could fly. They discovered that surviving migratory monarchs had 3% less black pigment (色素) and 3% more white pigment a surprising contrast from the albatross. They also observed larger white spots on Eastern monarchs, which migrate farther than Western and Floridian populations, along with deeper shades of orange. The team assumed that these color patterns might offer an aerodynamic (空气动力) advantage, although the reason for the larger white spots remains unknown.
Should the connection between white markings and flight performance prove true, they plan to apply it to drone technology. “If small coloration (自然色彩) effects can improve like 10% of your efficiency, that’s a lot,” Hassanalian says, “Another aspect is that your drone would be able to carry more, because this coloration helps it gain extra lift.” The enhancement could also benefit other aircraft, but he points out one warning: planes fly at a
much faster speed than butterflies, so coloration may not be as relevant to them.
Other butterfly scientists have reacted to their work with both enthusiasm and skeptlesm. “It is a totally new idea and it’s quite exciting,” says Marcus Kronforst, an evolutionary biologist. “I’ve worked on butterfly color patterns my whole life, basically, and never, never considered this. It’s never crossed my mind that it might influence how the butterflies fly.”
46．According to Andy Davis, what remains a mystery of the monarchs’ migration
A．How the monarchs manage the migration.
B．Why the monarchs make the migration.
C．Why the monarchs migrate to Mexico
D．How the monarchs choose the route.
47．Why are the colors on the wings of the albatross mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To reveal the mechanism of the albatross’ flight.
B．To show Hassanalian’s achievements in albatross study.
C．To indicate where the researchers drew their inspiration.
D．To introduce common color patterns of the albatross’ wings.
48．What assumption can be drawn from Eastern monarchs’ color patterns
A．They reduce orange pigment. B．They limit migration distance.
C．They resemble albatross spots. D．They offer extra lift for migration.
49．How did the researchers draw the conclusion
A．By conducting an experiment. B．By making comparisons.
C．By doing field research. D．By studying models.
50．How does Hassanalian feel about the application of the coloration effects
A．Scientifically curious. B．Cautiously optimistic.
C．Technologically skeptical. D．Environmentally concerned.
Passage 12
【2024届天津市河西区一模】Some people worry that there’s too much technology in our lives. And they may have a point, given how countless people now carry the internet around in their pocket and use it as a primary form of communication. It’s practically difficult to shun technology in our world. There are computer microchips (微芯片) in our watches, our cars, light switches, even our pets! Where will it end
Well, if certain people have their way, it’ll go even further. We’ll have microchips implanted into our brains that can interact with the computers by thought alone. It may sound like something from the science fiction, but in many ways, things look quite promising. Thanks to the ability to send and receive information remotely via computers, microchips and other related devices have long been put into brains.
For example, electrodes have been implanted in the brains of epilepsy patients to better record and even predict the abnormal neurological (神经病学的) activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulation, through implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regions, is an established treatment for things like -Parkinson’s disease, and is even being looked into for illnesses like depression.
However, it’s another thing to place such devices in healthy individuals. There are the practical concerns, not least of which is what these chips will be made of. The inside of the brain is a mass of highly reactive chemicals and electrical activity. Implants would need to be inert (静止的) enough to not upset the delicate processes by their presence, but also sensitive enough to read and process the activity around them. Current technology has made impressive progress with this, but if it were to be rolled out to millions of people, we’d need to be 100 per cent certain that it’s safe.
How many people will actually want to have technology literally put into their brain A surprising 60 per cent of Americans say they’d be okay with it, but that’s when it’s purely. theoretical. In reality, the possibility of having strangers stick chips in your brain is likely to prove unattractive, especially for a population where millions get mad at fictional microchips in vaccines (疫苗), and even more are frightened of dentists.
Ultimately, the technology of computer-brain interface (接口) implants is still far away from us.
51．What’s the function of the first paragraph
A．A summary of the article. B．An introduction to the main topic.
C．An overview of the whole article. D．An argument over the main topic.
52．What does the underlined word “implanted” mean in paragraph 2
A．To put something into someone’s body by an operation.
B．To design something new over a period of time.
C．To prevent something from changing rapidly.
D．To get rid of something steadily.
53．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 3
A．The process of human-computer interaction.
B．The possible treatment for particular diseases.
C．The future of microchips and devices alike.
D．The existing application of microchip implants.
54．How may most Americans react to implanting chips in the brain in reality
A．They may reject it. B．They may expect it.
C．They may adjust to it. D．They may feel curious about it,
55．Which word can best describe the technology of computer-brain interface implants
A．Imaginary. B．Practical.
C．Unfulfilled. D．Impossible.
Passage 13
【2024届天津市十二区县重点学校联考一模】It has become acceptable for people to say that women work less than men and therefore deserve less! It may have been true in the past when women were expected to stay at home and look after children, but women have changed over the years. They have “come out”! Gone are the days when they toiled the kitchen stove all day long; they are now aware of their needs and are willing to fight for them. They expect to be given the respect they deserve, both at home and at work. They have realized their intellectual potential and have determined to do something about it!
Women on two wheels have become a familiar sight on the roads of most Asian countries during the past few years. It is common to find a woman taking her children on her bicycle to school and then reach her office in time. She has become a major part in family decisions in every aspect and how those decisions are carried out. It would have been unimaginable a few years ago!
It is rather difficult to combine a career and a decent home life, “super woman” though she is. She needs to feel supported and fulfilled. She may arrive at work feeling as if she has already done a full day’s work. If colleagues doubt her commitment to her job, she will feel sad. At the same time, women of today expect their partners to contribute towards childcare and household chores.
Today’s women are learning to avoid situations that make them feel more stressed and it is a hard struggle. Despite all this, the new woman, “the superpower” has arrived. She still believes in the power and value of a family unit and she holds it in high esteem（尊重）.
51．What is the passage mainly about
A．A woman’s opinion on her job and family.
B．The burden women in society have to bear.
C．The change of women’s status in and out of the family.
D．The responsibility of a couple in a family.
52．Which of the following devices is used in Paragraph I
A．Comparison.
B．Example.
C．List.
D．Definition.
53．Using the example in Paragraph 2, the author wants to show that ____.
A．women were not seen on streets in the past
B．women’s jobs have changed
C．today’s women don’t need to toil in the kitchen
D．women take more responsibilities for the family
54．According to the passage, as a “super woman”, she ____.
A．can do the housework all by herself
B．can deal with her work easily every day
C．is independent in every aspect of her life
D．still finds it difficult to balance her career and family
55．Why is the phrase “come out” used in quotation marks in Paragraph 1
A．Women are still controlled by their husbands.
B．It means more than that she comes out of the house.
C．Women are not actually coming out.
D．Women have broken up with their families.
Passage 14
【2024届天津市十二区县重点校高三一模】“One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger.” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.
By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.
In her study, participants were randomly assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine(尼古丁) patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.
Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.
And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, “Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice.” “says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings(瘾) and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you’r

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