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备战2024年高考英语复习资料基础生宝典
深挖高考优质模拟题阅读文本素材
写在前面：本系列致力于深挖解析全国高考英语优质模拟试题里面的阅读文本素材，深挖最基础的知识点与分析文章长难句，保证基础不好分数不高的基础生能够在做题时候学习基础知识，积累句型搭配以及学会如何分析长难句，夯实基础。
【文本来源：2024年河北沧州高三一模】
The days of just teaching kids their ABCs are long gone. Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom: being self-aware, self-managing, socially aware, relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society. That is quite an ask!
Social-emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order. It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal (内心的), interpersonal, and cognitive competence. This process improves individual students’ skills and makes for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society. This theory truly allows individuals to develop well.
SEL has effectively predicted positive school adjustment in the school setting, promoted learning engagement, minimized discipline problems, increased high school graduation rates, and promoted future employment and adult health. A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions. Further, not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions, but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.
Developing an identity is necessary for maturing adults, and SEL satisfies this requirement, In assisting students in developing their identity, SEL helps to increase self-confidence, self-compassion, identification of strengths and needs, and recognition of needs, values, and judgments.
In the classroom. SEL has been shown to positively impact students’ attitudes, behaviors, and academic performance. Further, it decreases negative behaviors, such as being off-task or aggressive, and substance abuse. SEL enhances the learning environment and makes it a safe place for learning.
Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health, but it is also important for teachers’ mental health. SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management and decreases reports of teacher burnout. Ultimately, SEL creates a calmer classroom environment, which makes educating students much easier.
【任务一：重点词汇学习】
序号 单词 音标 释义 拓展
1 intrapersonal n.tr p .s n. l 内心的，自我内省的；关于个人内在思想和情感的 interpersonal（人际的，关于个人之间关系的）；intrapersonal skills（自我认知技能）；intrapersonal communication（内心沟通）
2 interpersonal n.t r p .s n. l 人际的；关于人与人之间的关系和交往 interpersonal skills（人际交往技能）；interpersonal communication（人际交流）；interpersonal relationship（人际关系）
3 competence k m.p .t ns 能力，胜任力；能胜任某项工作或任务的能力 cognitive competence（认知能力）；social competence（社交能力）；language competence（语言能力）
4 adjustment d st.m nt 调整，调节；适应，调适；调整过程 school adjustment（学校适应能力）；social adjustment（社交适应能力）；emotional adjustment（情感调适）
5 engagement n ɡe d m nt 参与，投入；从事；约定，约会；参与程度 learning engagement（学习参与度）；employee engagement（员工参与度）；community engagement（社区参与）
6 discipline d s. .pl n 纪律，规章；训练，训导；学科 self-discipline（自律）；disciplinary action（纪律处分）；academic discipline（学科）
7 graduation ɡr d .u e . n 毕业，毕业典礼；渐变，逐渐变化；分级 high school graduation（高中毕业）；college graduation（大学毕业）；graduation rate（毕业率）
8 employment m pl .m nt 就业，雇佣；使用，利用；职业，工作岗位 full employment（充分就业）；employment rate（就业率）；employment opportunity（就业机会）
9 identity a den.t .ti 身份，本体；特性，特征；认同感，自我认同 cultural identity（文化身份）；personal identity（个人身份）；identity crisis（身份认同危机）
10 self-confidence self k n.f .d ns 自信，自信心；信心，信任自己的能力 self-confidence building（自信心培养）；lack of self-confidence（缺乏自信）；boost self-confidence（提升自信）
11 compassion k m p . n 同情心，怜悯心；慈悲，悯怜 show compassion（表现同情心）；feel compassion for（对...怜悯）；compassion fatigue（同情疲劳）
12 recognition rek. ɡ n . n 认可，承认；认出，辨认；赏识，表彰；识别 gain recognition（获得认可）；receive recognition（受到表彰）；public recognition（公众认可）
13 values v l.ju z 价值观，价值取向；（pl.）原则，标准 cultural values（文化价值观）；personal values（个人价值观）；moral values（道德观念）
14 judgments d d .m nts 判断，裁判；意见，看法 make judgments（做判断）；exercise judgments（行使判断力）；form judgments（形成判断）
15 attitudes t. .tu dz 态度，看法；意见，看法；姿势，姿态；态度调整，心态调整 positive attitudes（积极态度）；negative attitudes（消极态度）；change attitudes（改变态度）
16 behaviors b he .vj z 行为，举止；（pl.）行为习惯 disruptive behaviors（破坏性行为）；social behaviors（社交行为）；behavior modification（行为调整）
17 classroom klɑ s.ru m 教室，课堂；教室的；在教室里 classroom management（课堂管理）；classroom environment（教室环境）；classroom behavior（课堂行为）
18 environment n va r. n.m nt 环境，周围环境；（pl.）生存条件；（pl.）外界 learning environment（学习环境）；work environment（工作环境）；natural environment（自然环境）
19 mental men.t l 心理的，精神的；脑力的 mental health（心理健康）；mental illness（精神疾病）；mental well-being（心理健康）
20 burnout b n.a t 精疲力竭，耗尽；过度工作导致的身心疲惫状态 job burnout（职业倦怠）；burnout syndrome（倦怠综合症）；emotional burnout（情感疲惫）
21 calmer kɑ .m r 更平静的，更镇定的；较为平静的，较为温和的 create a calmer environment（营造一个更加宁静的环境）；calmer demeanor（更加冷静的态度）；calmer state of mind（更平和的心态）
22 critical kr t. .k l 批评的，批判的；关键性的，重要的；危急的 critical thinking（批判性思维）；critical analysis（批判性分析）；critical condition（危急情况）
23 effective fek.t v 有效的，生效的；实际的，实在的；使人印象深刻的 effective communication（有效沟通）；effective leadership（有效领导力）；effective management（有效管理）
24 off-task f tɑ sk 不专注于任务的；偏离任务 stay off-task（保持不专注）；get off-task（偏离任务）；be off-task（不专注于任务）
25 substance s b.st ns 物质，物品；实质，本质 substance abuse（滥用药物）；illegal substances（违禁物质）；substance use（物质使用）
26 healthier helθ r 更健康的，健康的；较为健全的，较为良好的 lead a healthier lifestyle（过更健康的生活）；become healthier（变得更健康）；aim for a healthier diet（追求更健康的饮食）
27 awareness we .n s 意识，认识；认识到的事物 self-awareness（自我意识）；social awareness（社会意识）；cultural awareness（文化意识）
28 relationship r le . n p 关系，关联；友谊，爱情关系 interpersonal relationship（人际关系）；working relationship（工作关系）；family relationship（家庭关系）
29 responsible r sp n.s .bl 负责的，有责任的；（for）对...负责的；（to）能信赖的，可靠的 responsible decision-making（负责任的决策）；socially responsible（社会责任感）；be responsible for（对...负责）
30 contribution k n.tr bju . n 贡献，捐献；投稿，投诉 make a contribution（做出贡献）；contribution to society（对社会的贡献）；significant contribution（重要贡献）
任务二：高级词组搭配
1. Positive school adjustment: 学校适应能力的积极调整（学生对学校环境的积极适应和调整）
2. Learning engagement: 学习参与度（学生对学习活动的积极投入程度）
3. Disciplinary problems: 纪律问题（学校中出现的违纪行为或问题）
4. Future employment: 未来就业（学生未来的职业发展和就业情况）
5. Self-compassion: 自我慈悲（对自己的体谅和关爱）
6. Recognition of needs: 对需求的认知（认识到个人的需求）
7. Socially responsible: 具有社会责任感的（对社会有积极贡献并承担责任的）
8. Effective communication: 有效沟通（能够产生预期结果的有效交流）
9. Off-task behavior: 不专注的行为（偏离任务或课堂活动的行为）
10. Significant contribution: 重要贡献（对社会、组织或个人具有重大意义的贡献）
任务三：拆解长难句
1. "Social-emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order, making for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society."
- 这句话包含了主干"Social-emotional learning answers this call and delivers upon this tall order"，修饰部分"making for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society"，是个现在分词短语，表示结果或原因。
- 翻译：社会情感学习满足了这一需求并完成了这一艰巨任务，使得一个愿意并能够积极为社会做出贡献的成功学习者社区得以形成。
2. "Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health, but it is also important for teachers’ mental health."
- 这句话中"Not only...but also..."结构用于强调两个事物之间的关联，其中"Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health"是主干，"but it is also important for teachers’ mental health"是补充说明。
- 翻译：社会情感学习对学生的心理健康至关重要，同时也对教师的心理健康非常重要。
3. "SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management and decreases reports of teacher burnout."
- 这句话中"increases...and decreases..."用于说明两种不同的结果，其中"SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management"是主干，"and decreases reports of teacher burnout"是补充说明。
- 翻译：社会情感学习提高了教师行为管理的效率，并减少了教师倦怠的报告。备战2024年高考英语复习资料基础生宝典
深挖高考优质模拟题阅读文本素材
写在前面：本系列致力于深挖解析全国高考英语优质模拟试题里面的阅读文本素材，深挖最基础的知识点与分析文章长难句，保证基础不好分数不高的基础生能够在做题时候学习基础知识，积累句型搭配以及学会如何分析长难句，夯实基础。
【文本来源：2024年全国招生考试全真模拟试卷英语（五）】
Cities around the world are racing to become “smart”. It’s just like a classroom full of hard-working students. Take Toronto, Canada, for example. Tech company Google has made public a 1,500-page plan. It is going to remake two neighborhoods with things like snow-melting roads.
To build smart cities, we need lots of new technologies, such as robots and artificial intelligence (AI). These technologies will lead to safer and more efficient (效率高的) cities. However, they will also raise questions about privacy.
But there is a more serious problem: Smart cities will be difficult to manage.
As we know, tech products are sometimes unreliable (不可靠的). The Internet and our computers break down regularly. Tech products also age quickly. Only a few years into their lives, problems may become commoner and commoner.
In smart cities, many basic systems and services, such as water services, are based on such tech products. What if they break down regularly Can you imagine the result
New technologies in 2020 will be outdated before 2025. If we use smart technologies widely in cities, we will need to be prepared to replace them every few years. But who would want to pay this bill
The most important problem is whether having a smart city will make us better at solving urban problems, Smart technologies can’t solve problems on their own. Suppose AI programs discover a road that needs to be repaired. It still requires people to show up with asphalt (沥青) and a steamroller (蒸汽压路机), doesn’t it
As an engineer, I think smart technologies should have a place in cities. However, that place is not everywhere. For many of our urban problems, we don’t really need the latest technologies. The best of the old ideas works better.
序号 单词 音标 释义 拓展
1 race /re s/ 竞赛；比赛；种族；种类 race against time （与时间赛跑）; race ahead（领先）
2 remak /ri me k/ 重做，再制；翻新；重造 remake a movie （重新拍摄一部电影）
3 neighborhood / ne b rh d/ 邻近地区；街坊；近邻 neighborhood watch （邻里监督）
4 snow-melting / sno m lt / 融雪（用地暖等方式）；熔雪 snow-melting agent （融雪剂）
5 efficient / f nt/ 有效率的；效能高的；能干的 energy-efficient（节能的）；cost-efficient（成本效益的）
6 privacy / pra v si/ 隐私；私密性 invasion of privacy（侵犯隐私）
7 manage / m n d / 管理；经营；控制；办理 self-management（自我管理）
8 unreliable / nr la bl/ 不可靠的；不牢靠的 unreliable source（不可靠的消息来源）
9 regularly / r ɡj l rli/ 定期地；有规律地 exercise regularly（定期锻炼）
10 commoner / kɑm n r/ 普通的人；平民 commoner species（常见的物种）
11 outdated / a t de t d/ 过时的；陈旧的 outdated technology（过时技术）
12 widely / wa dli/ 广泛地；广阔地 widely used（广泛使用的）
13 prepared /pr p rd/ 准备好的；预备的 be prepared for（为...做好准备）
14 engineer / nd n r/ 工程师；设计者；发明家 civil engineer（土木工程师）
15 suppose /s po z/ 假定；设想；认为；假设 suppose that（假设...）
16 asphalt / sf lt/ 沥青；柏油路 asphalt road（沥青路）
17 steamroller / stim ro l r/ 蒸汽压路机 steamroller approach（强制手段）
18 urban / rb n/ 城市的；市内的；都市的 urban development（城市发展）
19 latest / le t st/ 最新的；最近的；晚些的 latest news（最新消息）
20 old ideas /o ld a di z/ 旧观念；老思想 traditional ideas（传统观念）
21 race against time /re s ɡ nst ta m/ 与时间赛跑；争分夺秒 race against time to save lives （争分夺秒地救援）
22 race ahead /re s h d/ 领先；抢先 race ahead of competitors（领先于竞争对手）
23 neighborhood watch / ne b rh d wɑt / 邻里监督；社区巡逻 join the neighborhood watch（加入邻里监督组织）
24 snow-melting agent / sno m lt e d nt/ 融雪剂 apply snow-melting agent（使用融雪剂）
25 energy-efficient / n rd i f nt/ 能源有效的；节能的 energy-efficient appliances（节能家电）
26 cost-efficient /k st f nt/ 成本效益的；经济实惠的 cost-efficient solution（经济实惠的解决方案）
27 invasion of privacy / n ve n v pra v si/ 侵犯隐私；侵害隐私 invasion of privacy laws（隐私侵犯法）
28 self-management /s lf m n d m nt/ 自我管理；自主经营 practice self-management（进行自我管理）
29 unreliable source / nr la bl s rs/ 不可靠的消息来源 rely on unreliable sources（依赖不可靠的消息来源）
30 commoner species / kɑm n r spi iz/ 常见的物种 protect commoner species（保护常见物种）
【任务三：高级词组搭配】
1. Race against time （与时间赛跑）- 用于形容需要尽快完成任务或挑战，以避免时间上的压力或限制。
2. Race ahead（领先）- 表示在竞争中取得领先地位或优势。
3. Neighborhood watch（邻里监督）- 指由社区居民组成的自发性监督组织，旨在维护社区的安全和秩序。
4. Snow-melting agent（融雪剂）- 用于加速雪的融化或防止雪结冰的化学物质。
5. Energy-efficient appliances（节能家电）- 指使用较少能源来实现相同功能或效果的家电产品。
6. Cost-efficient solution（经济实惠的解决方案）- 指在成本较低的情况下实现有效解决问题的方法或方案。
7. Invasion of privacy laws（隐私侵犯法）- 法律对于侵犯他人隐私行为的规定和处罚。
8. Practice self-management（进行自我管理）- 指个人通过自主管理自己的时间、情绪、行为等，以提高效率和生活质量。
9. Rely on unreliable sources（依赖不可靠的消息来源）- 指基于不靠谱或不可信的信息来做出决定或行动。
10. Protect commoner species（保护常见物种）- 指保护那些数量较多但容易受到威胁的动植物种群。
【任务四：拆解长难句】
1. "As we know, tech products are sometimes unreliable. The Internet and our computers break down regularly."
- 拆解：主句为 "tech products are sometimes unreliable"，这是一个简单的陈述句。"As we know" 作为插入语，引导出这个陈述的前提或背景。"The Internet and our computers break down regularly." 是并列的句子，说明了这种不可靠性的例子。
- 翻译：正如我们所知道的那样，科技产品有时候是不可靠的。互联网和我们的电脑经常会出故障。
2. "New technologies in 2020 will be outdated before 2025. If we use smart technologies widely in cities, we will need to be prepared to replace them every few years."
- 拆解：第一句是一个条件句，"If we use smart technologies widely in cities" 表明了条件，"New technologies in 2020 will be outdated before 2025" 则是这个条件下的结果。第二句是结果的进一步说明。
- 翻译：2020年的新技术在2025年之前就会过时。如果我们在城市广泛使用智能技术，我们就需要准备每隔几年替换它们。
3. "Smart technologies can’t solve problems on their own. Suppose AI programs discover a road that needs to be repaired. It still requires people to show up with asphalt and a steamroller, doesn’t it "
- 拆解：第一句是一个陈述句，说明了智能技术的局限性。"Suppose AI programs discover a road that needs to be repaired" 是假设句，用来举例说明前述的陈述。第二句是反问句，用来进一步强调这个观点。
- 翻译：智能技术不能单独解决问题。假设AI程序发现一条需要修复的道路。但这仍然需要人们拿着沥青和蒸汽压路机，不是吗？

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