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(共17张PPT)
Unit 2 Making a difference
Using Language
-ed as atributive
详解加练习
Learning objectives
1. To learn the usage of -ed form as attributive in a sentence and use it correctly.
2. To use the words and phrases describing personal qualities correctly.
课 堂 学 习
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
-ed as attributive
a. ... Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher...
b. In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
1. What was spoken in sentence (a) What was finished in sentence (b)
2. Why does the author use -ed instead of -ing
“The words” were spoken in sentence (a) . “The well” was finished in sentence (b)
Because “the words” were “spoken” instead of “speaking”, and “the well” was “finished” instead of “finishing”. The words in bold show passive instead of active actions.
1
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
c. ... Ryan had trouble believing the words which were spoken by his teacher...
d. In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the well, which was finished, with his own eyes.
3. What is the difference between the two groups of sentences
4. Why does the author choose to use -ed instead of an attributive clause in the reading passage
Sentences (a) and (b) contain -ed as attributive while sentences (c) and (d) contain attributive clauses.
The sentences using -ed as attributive are more concise and formal.
Now look for more sentences with -ed as attributive in the reading passage.
1. What they needed was a well dug near their homes. (para.2)
2. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. (para.4)
3. Many inspired people gave him their support. (para.5)
4. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. (para.6)
一、过去分词作定语的位置
1） 一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，放在所修饰词之前，过去分词短语往往放在所修饰词之后。记住四个字：单前短后。
2） 有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可以放在所修饰词后面，如left(剩下的), given(所给的), concerned (有关的)等。或者被修饰词为不定代词，分词也在后面。记住：单前短后不定后。
1. The ______(pollute) water was to blame for the spread of the disease.
2. These trucks carry goods _______(import) from foreign countries.
3. There are few tigers _____(leave). It is time for the departments ________(concern) to take measures to protect them from dying out.
4. She is one of those ______(invite).
二、限定性和非限定性定语(后置定语）
对所修饰名词起到限制作用，用限定性后置定语，对所修饰名词起到补充作用，为非限制性后置定语，逗号隔开。
1. polluted 2. imported 3. left; concerned 4. invited
1. The computer center, _____(open) last year, is very popular among the students in
this school.
2. Most of the artists ______(invite) to the party were from South Africa.
三、过去分词作定义的意义：过去分词作定语和所修饰的词在逻辑上为动宾关系，即，被动。在时间上表示已经完成或者无时间性。
1. He is a teacher _______(respect) by all the students. (被动，无时间）
2. The _____(injure) workers are now being treated in the hospital. (被动， 完成）
3. Most colleges now offer first0year students a course specially ______(design) to help them succeed academically and personally. (被动，完成）
温馨提示1：
部分不及物动词的过去分词作定语，仅表示完成，不表示被动，常见的有develop（发展），rise, boil(沸腾), retire, return(返回), fall等。
1. The ______(retire) teacher was employed again to the school.
2. Many little kids like gathering ______(fall) leaves in the yard.
1. respected 2. injured 3. designed
1. retired 2. falled
opened
invited
温馨提示2：动词interest, surprise, astonish, frighten, terrify, move, touch, tire, satisfy, excite, amaze, depress, confuse, puzzle等的过去分词只能修饰“人”，以及表情(expression, look, eye, voice等），表示状态，不能修饰“物”。
1. When he heard the exciting news, there was a _________(satisfy) look on his face.
2. Seeing the monster, the ________(frighten) children ran as fast as possible.
温馨提示3：过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，相当于定语从句。
这些卡车运载从国外进口的货物。
1. These trucks carry goods imported from foreign countries.
=These trucks carry goods which/that are imported from foreign countries.
2. The houses, built last year, were destroyed by the earthquake yesterday.
=The houses, which were built last year, were destroyed by the earthquake yesterday.
1. satisfied 2. frightened
四、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
逻辑关系 时间 其它
过去 分词 动宾关系 完成或无时间性 动词interest, surprise, astonish, frighten, terrify, move, touch, tire, satisfy, excite, amaze, depress, confuse, puzzle等的过去分词只能修饰“人”，以及表情(expression, look, eye, voice等），表示状态。用现在分词修饰sth，表示“令人……”。
现在 分词 主谓或动宾关系 正在进行或状态 持续中
1. When he heard the _____(excite) news, his face light up.
2. The ancient tower _______(build) over 200 years ago is under construction.
3. The ancient tower ______(build) now will be completed next month.
4. Tsinghua University, _______(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
5. There is only a path ______(lead) to my village.
6. He is a man ______(trust) by all.
1. exciting 2. built 3. being built 4. ffounded 5. leading 6. trusted
Read the discussion between two students about Ryan’s foundation. Rewrite the underlined sentences using the -ed form.
Ryan is a young man who
is admired by a lot of people.
The money which is raised by his foundation supports schools and communities in Africa. I think digging wells for drinking water is a good way to solve the problem of water shortage.
Ryan is a young man admired by a lot of people.
The money raised by his foundation supports schools and communities in Africa.
2
I absolutely agree with you.
Digging wells is a good way, but not the only way, to solve the problem of water shortage in Africa. As in the words which were spoken by Ryan, we need to not only donate money but also get new ideas. I think the support which is needed includes new technology for recycling water and education on how to use and save water.
As in the words spoken by Ryan, we need to not only donate money but also get new ideas.
I think the support needed includes new technology for recycling water and education on how to use and save water.
Activity 4: Read the passage and choose the correct form of the words.
The United Nations Children’s Fund, also knowing / known as UNICEF, is a United Nations (UN) organisation basing / based in New York. It offers help needing / needed by children all over the world.
UNICEF was founded on 11 December 1946, to provide food and healthcare to children in countries damaging / damaged in World War Ⅱ. Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing / developed world, including those living / lived with diseases or disabilities, and those affecting / affected by rapid modernisation and environmental problems. Now, UNICEF has been working to improve the lives of children and their families across 190 countries and territories.
Practice
一、单句语法填空
1. With _____(fall) leaves buried in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.
2. His book ______(publish) next month is based on a true story.
3. China Daily, first _____(publish) in1980, is very popular with students of English in China.
4. The flower ______(smell) terrible should be taken out of the room.
5. The suggestion _____(discuss) now is of great value.
6. She felt so_____________that she couldn’t drive the car at such a ____________speed (frighten).
7. A great number of students______________(question) said they were forced to practise the piano.
8. Today I tried cooking a simple dish myself. I like eating _____(fry) tomatoes with eggs, and i though it must be easy to cook.
9. The government decided to rebuild the _____(demage) bridge.
10. Now more than 60 % of the rice ____________(produce) in China every year is from this hybrid rice.
11. The _____(rise) sun is shining brightly in the late morning.
12. When he Heard the teacher’s explanation, there was a ______(puzzle) look on his face.
二、用非谓语动词把下面的复合句改写成简单句。
1. We have to pay taxes on goods which are imported from abroad.
→ _______________________________________________
2. It sounded like a train that was going under my house.
→ _______________________________________________
3. The material, which was discovered by accident, has saved many people’s lives.
→ _______________________________________________
4. Any article that is left in these buses will be taken to the Lost Office at once.
→ _______________________________________________
5. The young man who is lying under the tree is a teacher in that high school.
→ _______________________________________________
6. The bridge that will be constructed next year will be of great importance.
→ _______________________________________________
Key
一、1. fallen 2. to be published 3. published 4. smelling 5. being discussed 6. frightened; frightening 7. questioned 8. fried 9. demaged 10. produced 11. risen 12. puzzling
二、1. We have to pay taxes on goods imported from abroad.
2. It sounded like a train going under my house.
3. The material, discovered by accident, has saved many people’s lives.
4. Any article left in these buses will be taken to the Lost Office at once.
5. The young is lying under the tree is a teacher in that high school.
6. The bridge to be constructed next year will be of great importance.
谢谢观看
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