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上海市杨浦区2024届高三下学期二模质量调研（二模）
英语学科试卷
考生注意：
1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. Checking out of a hotel.
B. Asking for information.
C. Making a complaint.
D. Paying for the damage.
2.A. The man sounds like a Canadian.
B. The man doesn’t speak with a Canadian accent.
C. The woman also originally comes from Canada.
D. The woman doesn’t like people with an accent.
3.A. On the 17th. B. On the 18th. C. On the 19th. D. On the 20th.
4.A. The variety of graphs is the most important.
B. The focus should be on the sales strategies.
C. Clarity is the key to a good presentation.
D. Different forms of presentation must be used.
5.A. Only the best of us can avoid making such a mistake.
B. Everyone makes mistakes, so the woman should not worry too much.
C. It happened long ago so people might have forgotten about it.
D. The woman should have made better preparation for the speech.
6. A. She is down with a serous virus.
B. Her efforts will finally pay off.
C. Her project is not going smoothly.
D. She has missed the project deadline.
7.A. She enjoyed the concert.
B. She messed up the band.
C. The man was not serious.
D. The man was to blame.
8.A. No one coughs as badly as the man.
B. The man is showing symptoms of a cold.
C. The man is surprised that so many people are ill.
D. The woman warns the man not to attend the classes.
9.A. The woman doesn’t need to go to work so early.
B. The woman should take better care of her health.
C. The woman is making up excuses for not exercising.
D. The woman is losing good chances to save time.
10.A. Joanna is working here temporarily.
B. Joanna is filling in an application.
C. Jenny will be back in a day or two.
D. Jenny will host a business conference.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A. Their keen landscaping skill.
B. Their tough digestive system.
C. Their strong pair of rear legs.
D. Their sharp sense of taste.
12.A. By lowering the probability of wildfires occurring.
B. By keeping the weather conditions wet and cool.
C. By reducing human activities on the green vegetation.
D. By passing through seeds into inaccessible spots.
13.A. Cost and safety. B. Coverage and procedure.
C. Speed and health. D. Economy and habitat.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.A. To learn even numbers by heart.
B. To memorize complicated sums.
C. To pass a basic memory test.
D. To report their learning experiences.
15.A. Those who woke up after 7:30 a.m.
B. Those who slept for at least ten hours.
C. Those who learned sums in the morning.
D. Those who learned sums before bed.
16.A. Sleep helps to strengthen memories.
B. Sleep helps us to learn words better.
C. Sleep makes numbers stick in our memory.
D. Sleep makes us get confused with numbers.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17.A. Three. B. Six. C. Ten. D. Fourteen.
18.A. Children tend to arrive too early in the morning.
B. He thinks children behave badly in the museum.
C. The museum has a special exhibition on lately.
D. The museum can’t accommodate so many children.
19.A. A special talk on the Early Man exhibit.
B. An hour-long guided tour of the museum.
C. A video introducing the museum in detail.
D. A fun-filled interactive educational program.
20.A. Positive. B. Worried. C. Interested. D. Hesitant.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Was Air Pollution Monet’s Muse (灵感之源)
Claude Monet was a French painter who lived at the turn of the 20th century, from 1840 to 1926. He is credited as the founder of impressionism, a painting style characterized by its use of many thin brushstrokes ____1____(create) a dream-like quality. Impressionist paintings are celebrated for the way ____2____ seem to capture a sense of life in motion. Monet didn’t just simply paint landscapes; he wanted to convey the sensations he experienced when he saw them.
Many of Monet’s paintings portray the passage of time, like clouds ____3____ (drift) through the sky. The landscapes in his paintings often have a misty appearance, ____4____ fog is clouding edges, and concealing objects that are far away. Some researchers have suggested the mist of Monet’s landscapes ____5____ have actually been air pollution.
Monet was painting at a time when heavy industry was starting to seriously impact the environment. This was especially true in urban centers like London and Paris. The supposition is that Monet’s works reflect the increasing levels of air pollution that Europe ____6____ (witness) in the late 19th century and early 20th century. ____7____ Monet’s painting career progressing, background visibility in his paintings seems to gradually decrease.
In letters to his wife, Monet sometimes described the smoke and fog in London, for ____8____ he obviously had a preference. Evidence suggests that ____9____ significant number of Monet’s works were influenced, or even inspired, by the way air pollution affected light and vision. ____10____ air pollution was the muse for one of modern history’s greatest artists might be true.
【答案】1. to create
2. they 3. drifting
4. as if ##as though
5. may##might
6. witnessed
7. with 8. which
9. a 10. That
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克劳德·莫奈作为印象派画家的贡献，以及他作品中可能受到19世纪末至20世纪初欧洲空气污染影响的讨论。
【1题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他被认为是印象派的创始人，印象派是一种绘画风格，其特点是使用许多细细的笔触来创造梦幻般的品质。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填to create。
【2题详解】
考查代词。句意：印象派绘画以其捕捉动态生活感的方式而闻名。指代“Impressionist paintings”应该用代词they作seem的主语，故填they。
【3题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：莫奈的许多画作描绘了时间的流逝，就像天空中飘过的云。drift与 clouds 之间为主动关系，则使用现在分词作后置定语，故填drifting。
【4题详解】
考查从属连词。句意：他的风景画往往有一种朦胧的外观，仿佛雾笼罩着边缘，隐藏着远处的物体。此处需要表示“仿佛”的从属连词，引导方式状语从句，故填as if或as though。
5题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：一些研究人员认为，莫奈风景画中的雾气实际上可能是空气污染。此处需填入表示“可能”的情态动词，即may或might，“may/might have been”表示对过去的推测，故填may或might。
【6题详解】
考查时态。句意：人们猜测莫奈的作品反映了19世纪末和20世纪初欧洲日益严重的空气污染。根据“in the late 19th century and early 20th century”可知，witness使用一般过去时，故填witnessed。
【7题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着莫奈绘画生涯的发展，背景的可见度似乎逐渐降低。此处为“with的复合结构”作状语，为“with+宾语+现在分词”，故填with。
【8题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在给妻子的信中，莫奈有时会描述伦敦的烟雾，这显然是他偏爱的。此处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，指代先行词“smoke and fog”应该使用关系代词which，故填which。
【9题详解】
考查冠词。句意：有证据表明，莫奈的很多作品都受到了空气污染对光线和视觉的影响，甚至受到了启发。固定短语a number of：许多，故填a。
【10题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：空气污染是现代历史上最伟大的艺术家之一的灵感来源，这可能是真的。空格处引导主语从句，从句的语义和成分均完整，则使用that引导主语从句，空格位于句首，故填That。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.wrestling B. approaches C. preoccupied D. experimenting E. dynamically F. bound G. moderate H. applies I. inadequate J. unitedly K. integrity
Dare to be Dull
A big part of why spontaneous (即兴的) speaking feels so challenging is the desire to always say the right thing in the right way at the right time. But that leads to unnecessary self-evaluation and criticism, consuming precious mental energy and preventing you from ____11____ engaging in the moment. I often advise people to follow a spontaneous comedy saying: “Dare to be dull.” That is, don’t feel you are ___12___ to give an exceptional performance. Recognize that there is no single “correct” way to answer a question, give feedback or welcome a colleague —only better or worse ____13____.
Another popular saying also ____14____ here: “Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good.” Listeners are more likely to trust you when you speak like a man of ____15____ rather than an actor or a robot. For example, research shows that the most effective speech includes ____16____ use of fillers such as “um” and “ah.” So when you need to speak spontaneously, refocus your attention on your listeners instead of ____17____ with your inner critic. Attempting to serve their needs will take your mental spotlight off yourself, relieving the pressure you feel. Tell yourself that ____18____, making mistakes, and learning during spontaneous interactions are normal.
Micah, a student of mine, was fearful that his class contributions would be seen as ____19____. To avoid embarrassment, he planned and rehearsed the points he wanted to make. But because he was always working to remember them and find the right time to use them, he was ____20____ and failed to get the most out of discussions. With my help he focused on silencing his inner critic. He began offering more ideas, sometimes imperfectly formed, and in just a few weeks he became less anxious and more confident.
【答案】11. E 12. F
13. B 14. H
15. K 16. G
17. A 18. D
19. I 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们在即兴演讲时不必追求完美，应勇于接受平凡，专注于听众，不被内心的批评困扰，就会带来更大的自信。
【11题详解】
考查副词。句意：但这会导致不必要的自我评价和批评，消耗宝贵的精神能量，阻止你充满活力地参与到当下。此处应选副词dynamically(充满活力地)作状语，符合句意的需要，故选E。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：也就是说，不要觉得你一定会有出色的表现。此处应选形容词bound(注定的)作表语，be bound to：一定会做某事，符合句意的需要，故选F。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：要认识到，回答问题、给出反馈或欢迎同事没有单一的“正确”方式：只有更好或更坏的方式。此处应选名词approaches(方式)作主语，符合句意的需要，故选B。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：另一个流行的说法也适用于此：“完美是优秀的敌人”。此处应选动词applies(适合)作谓语，符合句意的需要，故选H。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：当你说话像一个正直的人而不是一个演员或机器人时，听众更有可能信任你。此处应选名词integrity(正直)作宾语，符合句意的需要，故选K。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，研究表明，最有效的讲话包括适度使用“嗯”和“啊”等填充语。此处应选形容词moderate(适度的)作定语，符合句意的需要，故选G。
【17题详解】
考查动名词。句意：所以，当你需要自发地说话时，把注意力重新集中在你的听众身上，而不是与你内心的批评作斗争。此处应选动名词wrestling(斗争)作宾语，符合句意的需要，故选A。
【18题详解】
考查动名词。句意：告诉自己，在自发的互动中进行实验、犯错和学习是正常的。此处应选动名词experimenting(做实验)作主语，符合句意的需要，故选D。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我的一个学生迈卡担心他的课堂贡献会被认为不足。此处应选形容词inadequate (不足的)，符合句意的需要，be seen as：被认为是，故选I。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但由于他总是努力记住它们，并找到合适时间使用它们，他全神贯注，无法从讨论中获得最大的收获。此处应选形容词preoccupied(全神贯注的)作表语，符合句意的需要，故选C。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
4 Ways to Get That Vacation Feeling in Two Days
Going on vacation every week It might sound like the ____21____ dream. But a simple mindset ____22____ can make it happen—no travel involved.
A few years ago, Holmes and her colleagues began ____23____ the importance of taking vacations. In a series of experiments, Holmes’ team ____24____ 441 U.S. workers to either spend the weekend like any other, or treat it like a vacation. When they were back at work on Monday, people who had adopted a vacation mindset reported being happier and less stressed.
“What was somewhat surprising is that the effect wasn’t driven by people spending time all that ____25____,” Holmes says. “It was this mindset that allowed them to be more present, ____26____ being in “doing” mode, it allowed people to settle in and be in the moment.
We asked people to share their favorite tips for adopting a vacation mindset at home.
1. Get creative about ____27____ time
Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday off work and actually some people often find their weekend schedules fully ____28____. You could still apply the philosophy. For example, devote an hour on Sunday morning to the ____29____, but protect the rest of the weekend as your vacation time.
2. Reflect on priorities
Focus on what makes a vacation different from a _____30_____ weekend. “Does it mean turning off your email notifications Spending money carelessly “Maybe it means being able to spend time with people you don’t normally get to see, or giving yourself a break on a workout,” Holmes says. “It’s helpful to make a list of those things and be able to _____31_____.”
3. Act like a _____32_____
Decision scientist Nika Kabiri recommends doing something totally new so you can disconnect from the same old routines _____33_____ your life. Among her favorite ideas: Drive to a part of town you’ve never been to before go for a stroll, and grab lunch at the first cute café you see. “The spontaneity（自发性）is what makes experiences like this feel vacation-like,” Kabiri says.
4. Don’t put extra pressure on yourself
Treating your weekend like a vacation doesn’t mean it needs to be a complicated affair. If your “vacation” encounters a few problems or lasts for only a few hours—don’t worry. “It doesn’t have to be all or nothing,” Kabiri says. “Don’t put pressure on yourself to have this ‘perfect vacation.’” It’s _____34_____ to be fun. _____35_____, there’s always another one just a few days away.
21. A. unattainable B. inharmonious C. incomplete D. unprofessional
22. A. study B. shift C. trend D. proposal
23. A. representing B. ranking C. exploring D. predicting
24. A. persuaded B. challenged C. motivated D. instructed
25. A. practically B. literally C. identically D. differently
26. A. In light of B. Regardless of C. In favor of D. Instead of
27. A. telling B. killing C. making D. changing
28. A. cleared B. packed C. removed D. dominated
29. A. laundry B. recreation C. movies D. picnic
30. A. regular B. dramatic C. primitive D. peaceful
31. A. identify with B. depend on C. follow through D. substitute for
32. A. resident B. master C. tourist D. neighbor
33. A. facilitating B. governing C. revealing D. polishing
34. A. proved B. defined C. described D. meant
35. A. Plus B. Hence C. Still D. Finally
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种让你在两天内感受到假期的感觉的方法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是遥不可及的梦想。A. unattainable无法达到的，不可企及的；B. inharmonious不和谐的；C. incomplete未完成的；D. unprofessional非专业的。根据“Going on vacation every week ”可知，每周出去旅行对于普通人来说是遥不可及的梦想。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是一个简单的心态转变可以让它发生——不需要旅行。A. study研究；B. shift转移，改变；C. trend趋势；D. proposal建议，提议。根据下文“In a series of experiments, Holmes’ team ____4____ 441 U.S. workers to either spend the weekend like any other, or treat it like a vacation.”可知，此处指转变心态。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，霍姆斯和她的同事开始探索度假的重要性。A. representing代表，表现；B. ranking把……分等级；C. exploring探索；D. predicting预测。根据“In a series of experiments”可知，霍姆斯和她的同事通过一系列的实验开始探索。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一系列实验中，霍姆斯的团队指示441名美国工人要么像往常一样度过周末，要么像度假一样度过周末。A. persuaded劝说；B. challenged对……质疑，向……挑战；C. motivated激发，促使；D. instructed指导，指示。根据“441 U.S. workers to either spend the weekend like any other, or treat it like a vacation.”可知，霍姆斯的团队对实验过程进行指导。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：霍尔姆斯说:“令人惊讶的是，这种影响并不是由人们花费时间的方式不同造成的。”A. practically实际地；B. literally字面上；C. identically同一地，相同地；D. differently不同地。根据“It was this mindset that allowed them to be more present”可知，这种影响并不是由人们花费时间的方式不同造成的。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：“正是这种心态让他们更活在当下，而不是处于“做”的模式，它让人们安顿下来，活在当下。”A. In light of考虑到，鉴于；B. Regardless of不管，不顾；C. In favor of支持，有利于；D. Instead of代替，而不是。上文提到“正是这种心态让他们更活在当下”，结合下文“being in “doing” mode”可知，不是处于“做”的模式。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：创造性地腾出时间。A. telling告诉；B. killing杀死；C. making制作，安排；D. changing改变。根据下文“Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday off work and actually some people often find their weekend schedules fully ____8____.”可知，周末日程紧张，因此需要创造性挤出时间。make time为固定搭配，意为“腾出时间做某事，挤出时间。”故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不是每个人周六和周日都不工作，实际上有些人经常发现他们的周末日程排得满满的。A. cleared清除；B. packed填入，塞进；C. removed去除，移开；D. dominated控制，支配。根据“Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday off work”可知，此处强调没有时间，因此空处指有些人经常发现他们的周末日程被塞得满满的。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，周日早上花一个小时洗衣服，但周末剩下的时间作为你的假期。A. laundry洗衣物；B. recreation娱乐，消遣；C. movies电影；D. picnic野餐。根据下文“but protect the rest of the weekend as your vacation time.”可知，空处是与假期的娱乐休闲相反的事情，应该是一些家务。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关注假期与普通周末的不同之处。A. regular有规律的；B. dramatic戏剧性的，引人注目的；C. primitive原始的；D. peaceful和平的。根据““Does it mean turning off your email notifications Spending money carelessly “Maybe it means being able to spend time with people you don’t normally get to see, or giving yourself a break on a workout,””可知，此处表示关注假期与普通周末的不同。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“把这些事情列一个清单，并能够坚持到底，这很有帮助。”A. identify with认同；B. depend on依靠；C. follow through坚持到底；D. substitute for代替。根据“It’s helpful to make a list of those things”可知，可知，此处表示将列出的清单坚持到底。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：表现得像个游客。A. resident居民；B. master大师；C. tourist游客；D. neighbor邻居。根据“Among her favorite ideas: Drive to a part of town you’ve never been to before, go for a stroll, and grab lunch at the first cute café you see.”可知，本段建议要表现得像个游客一样。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：决策科学家尼卡·卡比里建议做一些全新的事情，这样你就可以从控制你生活的旧套路中解脱出来。A. facilitating促进，促使；B. governing统治，支配；C. revealing透露，揭示；D. polishing磨光，润色。根据“so you can disconnect from the same old routines”可知，此处表示把你从控制你生活的旧套路中解脱出来。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着有趣。A. proved证明；B. defined下定义；C. described描述；D. meant意味着。根据“Don’t put pressure on yourself to have this ‘perfect vacation.”可知，不要为了‘完美假期’而给自己施加压力，假期应该意味着是有趣的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且，几天后还会有另一个。A. Plus此外；B. Hence因此；C. Still仍然；D. Finally最终。根据““It doesn’t have to be all or nothing,” Kabiri says. “Don’t put pressure on yourself to have this ‘perfect vacation.’””可知，不要为了‘完美假期’而给自己施加压力，因为假期应该是充满乐趣的，况且，几天后又会有另一个假期了。故选A。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
PAUL HEMINGTON, 57, is the Assistant Operations Manager at Cheddar Gorge（切达峡谷） and Caves cheddargorge.co.uk
I moved to SOMERSET mainly for my family. My daughter was getting married and I didn’t want to live six hours away, so we made the move. Once we moved, we were made unneeded and it was a mad race to get work. I ended up at here at Cheddar Gorge and Caves.
Cheddar Gorge is like nothing else in the UK. It’s a unique phenomenon, because although there are other caves in the country, you don’t have the gorge elsewhere. This is a major geological feature, it’s three miles long and there’s just this natural, raw beauty. I can sit at my desk in guest services and look out at part of the gorge. It’s amazing.
The Cheddar Gorge spirit is strong. You know, not having worked here or heard about the area, you come here and it gets under your skin in the right way. You become part of it, it becomes part of you. I’m very passionate about it. And there’s the amazing wildlife, the geology, the prehistory — Cheddar Man is still one of the greatest finds in the UK.
Every day at Cheddar Gorge and Caves is different. You’ve got the rock sports side of things, the climbing, the caving. We take people through the caves on tours and we have pre-history, which we do with the museum, whereby we have schools come in and do demonstrations with them. We will dress up as genuinely as we can to reproduce the time period of the Cheddar Man, which is the Mesolithic period, so 10,000 years ago. We do fire lighting, for example, and hopefully it’s inspiring to the young people! It’s really cool to be in the museum garden and have part of the gorge as the background while you’re doing it, so you can really submerge yourself in that moment.
My favourite spot is when you go past the peak on the walk and you can look back down into the gorge or across to the reservoir. The view is amazing. Yes, you can see pictures of it, but honestly you have to be there to fully appreciate it. You might hear some buzzards or see some sheep or goats while you’re up there, just to enhance the experience!
36. PAUL HEMINGTON originally moved to Cheddar Gorge to __________.
A. settle down in the countryside B. be closer to his daughter
C. land a job as a tour guide D. take part in a competitive race
37. The underlined phrase “gets under your skin” is closest in meaning to _________.
A. affects you deeply B. bothers you greatly
C. increases your strength D. improves your skin condition
38 Which of the following falls into Paul’s job descriptions
A. He goes to the school to give lectures on pre-history.
B. He demonstrates to young people how to climb rocks.
C. He participates in recreating the scenes in the Mesolithic period.
D. He decorates the museum garden to make it look like the gorge.
39. What does PAUL HEMINGTON talk about in this article
A. How he adapts to the local way of life.
B. What major local attractions are worth seeing.
C. Why Cheddar Gorge ranks first as a natural wonder.
D. What makes Cheddar Gorge so special to him.
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Paul Hemington是Cheddar Gorge和Caves的助理运营经理，他对这个地方充满热情。他介绍了切达峡谷的自然美景、地质特征、野生动植物以及与当地历史相关的活动。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I moved to SOMERSET mainly for my family. My daughter was getting married and I didn’t want to live six hours away, so we made the move. (我搬到SOMERSET主要是为了我的家人。我女儿要结婚了，我不想住在六小时车程以外的地方，所以我们搬了家。)”可知，PAUL HEMINGTON搬到Somerset主要是为了和家人团聚，因为他的女儿要结婚，他不想离得太远，所以他们做出了这个决定。故选B。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语后面的内容“You become part of it, it becomes part of you. I’m very passionate about it.(你成为它的一部分，它也成为你的一部分。我对此充满激情。)”可知， PAUL HEMINGTON认为Cheddar Gorge以正确的方式渗透到自己的内心。自己成为它的一部分，它成为自己的一部分。因此推断Cheddar Gorge对他产生了深深的影响。故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“We take people through the caves on tours and we have pre-history, which we do with the museum, whereby we have schools come in and do demonstrations with them. We will dress up as genuinely as we can to reproduce the time period of the Cheddar Man, which is the Mesolithic period, so 10,000 years ago. We do fire lighting, for example, and hopefully it’s inspiring to the young people! It’s really cool to be in the museum garden and have part of the gorge as the background while you’re doing it, so you can really submerge yourself in that moment.( 我们带人们参观洞穴，我们有史前历史，这是我们和博物馆一起做的，我们让学校来和他们一起做示范。我们会打扮得尽可能真实再现Cheddar Man的时代，也就是一万年前的中石器时代。例如，我们做点火，希望这能激励年轻人！在博物馆的花园里，把峡谷的一部分作为背景，这真的很酷，你可以真正沉浸在那一刻。)”可知，Paul描述了他们在博物馆花园中重现中石器时代的活动，并且穿着相应的服装进行火种点燃等展示，以期激发年轻人的兴趣即他参与重建中石器时代的场景。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Cheddar Gorge is like nothing else in the UK. It’s a unique phenomenon, because although there are other caves in the country, you don’t have the gorge elsewhere. (Cheddar Gorge在英国是独一无二的。这是一种独特的现象，因为尽管这个国家还有其他洞穴，但你在其他地方没有峡谷。)”以及第四段中“The Cheddar Gorge spirit is strong. (The Cheddar Gorge的精神是很强劲的)以及第五段中“Every day at Cheddar Gorge and Caves is different. (在Cheddar Gorge和洞穴的每一天都不一样。)”以及第六段中“My favourite spot is when you go past the peak on the walk and you can look back down into the gorge or across to the reservoir. (我最喜欢的地方是当你走过山顶时，你可以回头看到峡谷或对面的水库。)”以及通读全文可知，整篇文章都围绕PAUL HEMINGTON对Cheddar Gorge的热情和对其自然美丽、野生动物、地质学和史前历史等方面的认识和喜爱进行了描述。因此，他谈论的主题是Cheddar Gorge对他来说有什么特别之处。故选D。
B
With short story writer and novelist Della Galton
Q What’s the best way to keep track of your characters in a novel Amanda Rose, via email A I’m not sure what the best way is, but here are some of the methods I use. Most of my records are on paper. I have a huge folder, and in it are the following: * Character sheets – one A4 sheet for each character with all their details: name; age; address; physical description; personality type… * Dialogue records – an extra page where I note their favorite words and dialogues. * Photographs – I use photos cut from magazines for inspirations as to what they look like. I’m also a big fan of spreadsheets. I create one that has the name, date of birth and age of my characters at any given time in the novel – or novels if it’s a series. This is particularly helpful for controlling timelines, as I only need to change one date and the rest are set up to update automatically. I also use a spreadsheet for keeping track of the plot so I know what happens to each character in each chapter. I create the spreadsheet before I start and fill it in as I go. It’s for tracking not plotting, but it could be used for that if you plotted what happens in each chapter. Hope this helps, Amanda. Q Should I use single quotes or double quotes for dialogue Tania Yeatman, Wimborne A It doesn’t matter! Usually it’s a matter of house style, so if you are aiming at a specific publication, check to see what their style is for publication and copy that. If you don’t know the house style then the important thing is to be consistent. The same applies to quotes from interviewees and experts in your articles.
“I saw Anne at writing group,” Milly said. “And she came rushing up to me and told me she’d done it at last. She’s got an agent!”
Sometimes there may be a quote within a quote. It can be single quotes within double quotes or the other way around. But don’t mix the two styles within the story to avoid confusion. Q ______________________________ Grace Louise
40. ________ are most useful for controlling timelines of the story.
A. Character sheets B. Dialogue records
C. Photographs D. Spreadsheets
41. The appropriate example in the box should be __________.
A. ‘I saw Anne at writing group,’ Milly said. ‘And she came rushing up to me and cried, “I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!”’
B. “I saw Anne at writing group,” Milly said. “And she came rushing up to me and cried, ‘I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!”
C. ‘I saw Anne at writing group,’ Milly said. “And she came rushing up to me and cried, ‘I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!’”
D. “I saw Anne at writing group,” Milly said. ‘And she came rushing up to me and cried, ‘I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!’
42. Which of the following questions is most likely to be asked by Grace Louise, who is dreaming of becoming a novelist
A. When and where will your next novel be published
B. What should I write about to win the writing competition
C. Do you have any tips for overcoming the writer’s block
D. Can you give us a lecture on choosing the right topics
【答案】40. D 41. A 42. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地追踪小说中的角色，作者分享了她使用的一些方法。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第一列中倒数第二段的“I’m also a big fan of spreadsheets. I create one that has the name, date of birth and age of my characters at any given time in the novel – or novels if it’s a series. This is particularly helpful for controlling timelines, as I only need to change one date and the rest are set up to update automatically.(我也是电子表格的忠实粉丝。我创建了一个包含我在小说中任何给定时间的角色的名字、出生日期和年龄的表——如果是一个系列小说的话。这对于控制时间线特别有帮助，因为我只需要更改一个日期，其余的都设置为自动更新。)”可知，电子表格对于控制故事的时间线最有用。故选D。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第二列的最后一段“Sometimes there may be a quote within a quote. It can be single quotes within double quotes or the other way around. But don’t mix the two styles within the story to avoid confusion.(有时候，在一个引语中可能会有一个引语。它可以是双引号中的单引号，也可以是双引号中的单引号。但不要在故事中混合这两种风格，以免混淆。) ”可知，单引号可以在双引号内部，或双引号在单引号内部。这种结构有助于区分对话的整体和具体言论，并且使得整个对话更易于理解和阅读。在所给内容中，对话是由一个角色Milly说出的，则A现符合要求，外层的单引号用于标记一个对话的开始和结束，而内层的双引号则用于标记对话中的实际言论。故选A。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第段的“Should I use single quotes or double quotes for dialogue (对话应该用单引号还是双引号？)”可知，梦想成为小说家的格蕾丝·路易斯还是新手，因此最可能问这个问题：对于克服写作障碍，你有什么建议吗？故选C。
C
A forest in Staffordshire (in the UK) transformed into a hi-tech laboratory. Researchers here are investigating how the trees use carbon, and it’s difficult to find out. In an unusual experiment, extra carbon dioxide is piped to the trees, to create the kind of atmospheric conditions expected in the middle of the century. And instruments measure how the forest reacts.
The scientist in charge says there’s still a lot to learn. And he worries that governments and companies are rushing to plant trees as an easy answer to climate change. “If you try and use trees to tidy up the mess that we’re making through emissions, you are putting those trees into a very rapidly changing climate and they will struggle to adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKenzie, University of Birmingham.
This device tracks the movement of carbon dioxide. In a healthy forest, the gas is not only absorbed by the trees but some is released as well. What scientists here are finding out is the way carbon flows into a forest and out of it is a lot more complicated than you might think. So, if mass tree planting is meant to be a solution to tackling climate change, the trees are going to have to be monitored and cared for, over not just decades, but may be centuries as well.
Of all the challenges, the task of planting is the simplest. Shelby Barber from Canada can do an amazing 4,000 trees in a day. “People talking about planting millions billions of trees around the world. Is it possible do you think, physically ” asked BBC.
“It’s definitely possible with the right amount of people, the right group of people. I’ve personally, in three years, planted just over half a million trees.” said Professor Rob MacKenzie.
Once planted, the trees need to survive, and experts are mixing different types to minimize the risk of disease. “It’s a bit like making sure you don’t put all your eggs in one basket, you’re spreading out your risk. And then if one part of that woodland fails, for whatever reason, it gets a disease or it can’t tolerate future climatic conditions, there are other parts of the forest that are healthy and able to fill in those gaps.” said Eleanor Tew of Forestry England.
Suddenly there’s momentum to plant trees on a scale never seen before. So what matters is doing it in a way that ensures the forests thrive — so they really do help with climate change.
43. Why is extra carbon dioxide piped to the trees in the experiment
A. To predict the future atmospheric conditions.
B. To imitate the possible air condition in the future.
C. To create an instrument to measure atmospheric conditions.
D. To investigate the quality of air condition in the future.
44. The underlined word “some” in the second paragraph refers to __________.
A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. mess D. purified gas
45. What will Eleanor Tew suggest concerning the survival of the forest
A. Minimizing the area of the woodland.
B. Studying future climatic conditions.
C. Planting different types of trees.
D. Avoiding mixing different species.
46. Which statement concerning mass tree planting will Professor Rob Mackenzie mostly likely agree with
A. It should be advocated in terms of efficiency and convenience.
B. It is the most effective solution to fighting climate changes.
C. It will do more harm than good to the health of the environment.
D. It needs to be studied further as a measure against climate change.
【答案】43. B 44. B 45. C 46. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在英国斯塔福郡的森林，研究人员利用高科技手段探究树木如何利用碳，并通过向树木输送额外的二氧化碳模拟未来气候条件。尽管种植树木是简单的，但科学家警告政府和公司不要过度依赖此举应对气候变化，强调需谨慎植树以确保森林的健康并适应未来气候。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“In an unusual experiment, extra carbon dioxide is piped to the trees, to create the kind of atmospheric conditions expected in the middle of the century.(在一项不同寻常的实验中，额外的二氧化碳通过管道输送到树木中，以创造出预计在本世纪中叶出现的那种大气条件。)”可知，实验中多余的二氧化碳会通过管道输送到树木中是为了模拟未来可能出现的空气状况。故选B。
【44题详解】
指代猜测题。根据第三段的“This device tracks the movement of carbon dioxide. In a healthy forest, the gas is not only absorbed by the trees but some is released as well. What scientists here are finding out is the way carbon flows into a forest and out of it is a lot more complicated than you might think.(这个装置追踪二氧化碳的运动。在一个健康的森林里，气体不仅被树木吸收，而且一些也被释放出来。科学家们在这里发现的是碳流入和流出森林的方式比你想象的要复杂得多。) ”可知，二氧化碳既被树木吸入又被排出，则some一词指代的是二氧化碳。故选B。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““It’s a bit like making sure you don’t put all your eggs in one basket, you’re spreading out your risk. And then if one part of that woodland fails, for whatever reason, it gets a disease or it can’t tolerate future climatic conditions, there are other parts of the forest that are healthy and able to fill in those gaps.” said Eleanor Tew of Forestry England.(“这有点像确保你不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里，你是在分散风险。然后，如果森林的一部分因为某种原因，生病了，或者无法忍受未来的气候条件，那么森林的其他部分是健康的，能够填补这些空白。英国林业部门的埃莉诺·图说。)”可知，关于森林的生存，埃莉诺·图会提出了种植不同类型的树木来降低风险。故选C。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“The scientist in charge says there’s still a lot to learn. And he worries that governments and companies are rushing to plant trees as an easy answer to climate change. “If you try and use trees to tidy up the mess that we’re making through emissions, you are putting those trees into a very rapidly changing climate and they will struggle to adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKenzie, University of Birmingham.(负责这项研究的科学家表示，还有很多东西需要学习。他还担心，政府和企业急于种树，作为应对气候变化的简单办法。伯明翰大学的罗布·麦肯齐教授说：“如果你试图用树木来清理我们通过排放造成的混乱，你就是把这些树木放进了一个非常迅速变化的气候中，它们将很难适应。”)”可知，罗布·麦肯齐教授认为需要进一步研究和监测树木的种植，以确保它们真正有助于应对气候变化。因此罗伯·麦肯齐教授认为作为应对气候变化的一项措施，需要进一步对其进行研究。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The Fight against Fast Furniture
Fast furniture is a term that refers to furniture that is produced cheaply and quickly. These items are often bad for the environment because they are made from materials that break easily and need to be replaced often. __________47__________
To help protect the environment, a movement to move away from fast furniture has begun. Many companies are joining the fight by finding cleaner ways to manufacture furniture. For example, IKEA has agreed to switch to using renewable or recycled materials for their furniture by the year 2030. __________48__________
There is also a push to encourage shoppers to buy more used furniture for their homes. Small businesses that help transform old chairs and sofas into completely new products have even popped up recently. At the end of the day, consumers will play the most important role in the fight to end fast furniture. Shoppers should try to think more about the long term when preparing to purchase new furniture. They should stay away from furniture that is made from cheap materials like fiberboard or plastic because they will often fall apart after a few years. __________49__________
A much better alternative is furniture made from real wood because it won’t break as easily. If wood furniture is damaged, it can often be repaired to last longer. High-quality metals are another good material, as they are durable. If the furniture is no longer fit for use, these metals can still be recycled and used to make new products.
__________50__________ So, the next time you buy furniture, think about whether it’s something that will last a long time or it’s just fast furniture that will break soon and go into the trash.
A. It has also designed a special program that lets people return used furniture pieces to its stores so they can be fixed and used again by consumers.
B. This would help to reduce overall waste, as it would extend the life cycle of old furniture items.
C. Although these items may cost less initially, they are more expensive because they will need to be replaced sooner than traditional pieces of furniture.
D. This creates a lot of pollution, as the furniture ends up buried in landfills where it can harm the soil.
E. Homeowners are looking for furniture that is kinder to the environment.
F. By choosing furniture that’s made to last, we can help reduce waste and protect the environment.
【答案】47. D 48. A 49. C 50. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为减少快速家具带来的污染从而保护环境，文章倡导使用环保材料，推广购买二手家具，延长家具的使用寿命。
【47题详解】
根据上文的“Fast furniture is a term that refers to furniture that is produced cheaply and quickly. These items are often bad for the environment because they are made from materials that break easily and need to be replaced often.(快速家具是一个术语，指的是生产成本低、速度快的家具。这些物品通常对环境有害，因为它们是由容易破裂的材料制成的，需要经常更换。)”可知，D项(这造成了很多污染，因为家具最终被埋在垃圾填埋场，可能会损害土壤。)承接上文，说明了快速家具因为其特点会对土壤造成污染，故选D项。
【48题详解】
根据上文的“To help protect the environment, a movement to move away from fast furniture has begun. Many companies are joining the fight by finding cleaner ways to manufacture furniture. For example, IKEA has agreed to switch to using renewable or recycled materials for their furniture by the year 2030.(为了保护环境，一场远离快速家具的运动已经开始。许多公司通过寻找更清洁的方式来制造家具加入了这场斗争。例如，宜家已同意在2030年之前改用可再生或可回收材料制作家具。)”可知，A项(该公司还设计了一项特殊计划，让人们把用过的家具退回到它的商店，这样消费者就可以把它们修好再使用。)承接上文，说明了宜家公司共计采取了两种办法远离生产快速家具，故选A项。
【49题详解】
根据上文的“Shoppers should try to think more about the long term when preparing to purchase new furniture. They should stay away from furniture that is made from cheap materials like fiberboard or plastic because they will often fall apart after a few years. (购物者在准备购买新家具时应尽量多考虑长远。他们应该远离由纤维板或塑料等廉价材料制成的家具，因为它们经常会在几年后分崩离析。)”可知，C项(虽然这些物品最初可能花费较少，但它们更贵，因为它们需要比传统家具更快地更换。)承接上文，说明了由纤维板或塑料等廉价材料制成的家具虽然短期看花费少，但因为更新周期短，因此更加昂贵，故选C项。
【50题详解】
根据下文的“So, the next time you buy furniture, think about whether it’s something that will last a long time or it’s just fast furniture that will break soon and go into the trash.(所以，下次你买家具的时候，考虑一下它是能用很长时间的家具，还是很快就会坏掉，然后被扔进垃圾桶的家具。)”可知，F项(通过选择耐用的家具，我们可以帮助减少浪费，保护环境。)承接上文，说明了消费者选择耐用的家具会给环境带来好处，故选F项。
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Digital Nomads (游牧人)
How would you like to answer your work emails from a beachfront café in Thailand or a coffee shop in Portugal If that appeals to you, being a digital nomad might be for you. Digital nomads can literally work from anywhere as their jobs are online. Digital nomads rely on portable devices with wireless Internet capabilities such as laptops, tablets and smartphones. Typically, they work from coffee shops, restaurants, co-working spaces, apartments or internet cafés — places with an Internet connection.
Worldwide, statistics show the number of digital nomads hit 35 million in 2021. So what is it that makes the lifestyle of digital nomads so fascinating First and foremost, digital nomads get to live in different countries and cultures while they work, providing them with opportunities to have adventures and experience new things. These folks have also found the most flexible means of online incomes, allowing them to head out at a moment’ notice and go where they please. “I’m free,” says Nimisha Walji, “I can go where the wind takes me and live any place I choose! If I feel like a change, I can pursue that in a matter of days, sometimes hours.”
You may think that being a digital nomad is all sunshine and rainbows. It is not necessarily so. Job finding is one of the hardest tasks for the digital nomad, given that they have no permanent home, no office address, and no one knows them. To apply for a job, they need to find the employer and persuade him to hire them. Most of the employers hire from their own city, and that’s why it’s so hard for a nomad to find a job. Access to stable Wi-Fi and adequate workspace can be difficult. If someone struggles to stay focused at home, there can’t be a worse place than a fascinating holiday location. Few people can manage to be productive faced with the temptations and distractions. It seems that living the life of a digital nomad isn’t for everyone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Digital nomads refer to those who can work anywhere with an Internet connection. The appeals of being a digital nomad include the opportunities to have new experiences and the flexibility/freedom to work wherever or however one desires. However, obstacles do exist, the biggest of which is job finding. Besides, poor access to Wi-Fi or distracting fascinating workplaces may affect productivity negatively.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“数字牧民”，成为数字牧民的的优势和劣势。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Digital nomads can literally work from anywhere as their jobs are online.
②First and foremost, digital nomads get to live in different countries and cultures while they work, providing them with opportunities to have adventures and experience new things. These folks have also found the most flexible means of online incomes, allowing them to head out at a moment’ notice and go where they please.
③Job finding is one of the hardest tasks for the digital nomad, given that they have no permanent home, no office address, and no one knows them.
④Access to stable Wi-Fi and adequate workspace can be difficult. If someone struggles to stay focused at home, there can’t be a worse place than a fascinating holiday location. Few people can manage to be productive faced with the temptations and distractions.
2. 缜密构思
将第二个要点进行简化，将第三、四要点进行整合
3.遣词造句
Digital nomads refer to those working anywhere with an Internet connection.
The attractions of being a digital nomad include the opportunities to have new experiences and the flexibility/freedom to work wherever or however one desires.
However, obstacles do exist, and the biggest of them is job finding.
Additionally, poor access to Wi-Fi or distracting fascinating workplaces may influence productivity negatively.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Digital nomads refer to those who can work anywhere with an Internet connection.（用一个定语从句对“数字牧民”进行解释，表达高级）
[高分句型2]The appeals of being a digital nomad include the opportunities to have new experiences and the flexibility/freedom to work wherever or however one desires.（用一个让步状语从句对第二段的部分内容进行总结，表达高级）
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 冷静，别让焦虑影响你的表现。（or）（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】Calm down, or you will/may let anxiety affect your performance.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和句型。此处为“祈使句+or+简单句”；表示“冷静”短语为calm down；后一句主语为you；表示“让”应用动词let，且may或will后跟动词原形；表示“焦虑”应用名词anxiety；表示“影响你的表现”翻译为affect your performance。故翻译为Calm down, or you will/may let anxiety affect your performance.
53. 他忘了往锅里倒油，鸡蛋粘在了锅底。（forget）（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】He had forgotten to pour some oil into the pan so that the eggs stuck to the surface/the bottom/it. /He forgot to pour some oil into the pan so that the eggs stuck to the surface/the bottom/it
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和固定短语。根据中文提示和句意可知，这里时态应为过去时，可以用一般过去时或者过去完成时，且这里考查基础单词forget的用法：即forget to do表“忘记去做某事”，为固定搭配。表示“往锅里倒油”短语为pour some oil into the pan，表示“鸡蛋粘在了锅底”短语为stuck to the surface/the bottom/it，前后是两个简单句，为因果关系，因此用连词词组so that连接。故翻译为He had forgotten to pour some oil into the pan so that the eggs stuck to the surface/the bottom/it或者He forgot to pour some oil into the pan so that the eggs stuck to the surface/the bottom/it。
54. 农村地区正在逐步过渡到使用节能型电动汽车，其创新设计颇受年轻消费者的青睐。（transition）（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】Rural areas are gradually transitioning to energy-saving electric vehicles, whose innovative designs are gaining favor among young consumers.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词、短语和定语从句。“农村地区”为“rural areas”，“逐步”为“gradually”，“过渡到”为“transition to”，“节能型电动汽车”为“energy-saving electric vehicles”，“创新设计”为“innovative designs”，“受某人青睐”为“gain favor among sb”，“年轻消费者”为“young consumers”，“节能型电动汽车”和“创新设计”为所属关系，则使用whose引导的定语从句，“农村地区正在逐步过渡到使用节能型电动汽车”使用现在进行时，为“Rural areas are gradually transitioning to energy-saving electric vehicles.”，定语从句部分为“whose innovative designs are gaining favor among young consumers”，故翻译为Rural areas are gradually transitioning to energy-saving electric vehicles, whose innovative designs are gaining favor among young consumers.
55. 作为首个致力于城市规划和建设成果的展览中心，它追朔了这座城市从早期到21世纪的惊人演变。（dedicate）（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】As the first exhibition center dedicated to urban planning and construction achievements, it traces the breathtaking evolution of the city from its early days to its 21st century.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构，非谓语，名词短语和介词短语。分析可知，“作为首个致力于城市规划和建设成果的展览中心”为伴随状语，用“介词as+名词短语”的结构表达。其中，“首个”用序数词“the first”表达；“展览中心”用名词短语“exhibition center”表达；“致力于城市规划和建设成果的”作“exhibition center”的后置定语，“致力于”用动词短语“dedicate (sth) to...”表达，与所修饰词之间为被动关系，应是过去分词形式“dedicated to”；“城市规划和建设成果”用名词短语“urban planning and construction achievements”表达。因此，该部分翻译为“as the first exhibition center dedicated to urban planning and construction achievements”。句子主语“它”用“it”表达；“追朔”用动词“trace”表达，作谓语，结合语境，用一般现在时表客观事实，主语为三单，动词用单数“traces”；“这座城市的惊人的演变”用名词短语“the breathtaking evolution of the city”表达，作宾语；“从早期到21世纪”用介词短语“from the early days to its 21st century”表达。因此，该部分翻译为“it traces the breathtaking evolution of the city from its early days to its 21st century”。故译为：As the first exhibition center dedicated to urban planning and construction achievements, it traces the breathtaking evolution of the city from its early days to its 21st century.
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
最近上海的某些餐馆和面包房采取了一项新的举措：在微信小程序上以盲盒的形式降价销售当天卖剩的食物，购买者能在小程序上看到商家信息、价格和取货时间。英语报“YOUR VOICE”专栏欢迎读者来信，就这一做法展开讨论。假定你是高三学生李华，请给专栏编辑写信，表达看法，说明理由。
(食物盲盒: mystery boxes of randomly packed leftover foods )
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Editor,
Recently, the “bread blind box” has quietly become popular. You can buy bread at 50％ discount of the original price or even lower, which is accompanied by the freshness and excitement of opening a blind box and has attracted many diners.
It is true that the emergence of the “bread blind box” not only helps the store to solve the waste and loss caused by the failure to sell the products in time, but also enables consumers to buy good and cheap food.
However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, violating the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste. We hope to strengthen market supervision to ensure quality and safety and the consumers’ rights.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英语报“YOUR VOICE”专栏写一封信，就最近上海的某些餐馆和面包房采取了一项新的举措：在微信小程序上以盲盒的形式降价销售当天卖剩的食物现象表达看法，说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引：attract →draw
出现：emergence →appearance
引起：caused by →resulting from
违背：violate →go against
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, violating the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste.
拓展句：However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, which violates the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste.
【点睛】【高分句型1】You can buy bread at 50％ discount of the original price or even lower, which is accompanied by the freshness and excitement of opening a blind box and has attracted many diners.(使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, violating the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste. (使用了现在分词充当结果状语)
1-5ABDCB 6-10CDBCA 11-15BAABD 16-20CCBCD上海市杨浦区2024届高三下学期二模质量调研（二模）
英语学科试卷
考生注意：
1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. Checking out of a hotel.
B. Asking for information.
C. Making a complaint.
D. Paying for the damage.
2.A. The man sounds like a Canadian.
B. The man doesn’t speak with a Canadian accent.
C. The woman also originally comes from Canada.
D. The woman doesn’t like people with an accent.
3.A. On the 17th. B. On the 18th. C. On the 19th. D. On the 20th.
4.A. The variety of graphs is the most important.
B. The focus should be on the sales strategies.
C. Clarity is the key to a good presentation.
D. Different forms of presentation must be used.
5.A. Only the best of us can avoid making such a mistake.
B. Everyone makes mistakes, so the woman should not worry too much.
C. It happened long ago, so people might have forgotten about it.
D. The woman should have made better preparation for the speech.
6. A. She is down with a serous virus.
B. Her efforts will finally pay off.
C. Her project is not going smoothly.
D. She has missed the project deadline.
7.A. She enjoyed the concert.
B. She messed up the band.
C The man was not serious.
D. The man was to blame.
8.A. No one coughs as badly as the man.
B. The man is showing symptoms of a cold.
C. The man is surprised that so many people are ill.
D. The woman warns the man not to attend the classes.
9.A. The woman doesn’t need to go to work so early.
B. The woman should take better care of her health.
C. The woman is making up excuses for not exercising.
D. The woman is losing good chances to save time.
10.A. Joanna is working here temporarily.
B. Joanna is filling in an application.
C. Jenny will be back in a day or two.
D. Jenny will host a business conference.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A. Their keen landscaping skill.
B. Their tough digestive system.
C. Their strong pair of rear legs.
D. Their sharp sense of taste.
12.A. By lowering the probability of wildfires occurring.
B. By keeping the weather conditions wet and cool.
C. By reducing human activities on the green vegetation.
D. By passing through seeds into inaccessible spots.
13.A. Cost and safety. B. Coverage and procedure.
C. Speed and health. D. Economy and habitat.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.A. To learn even numbers by heart.
B. To memorize complicated sums.
C. To pass a basic memory test.
D. To report their learning experiences.
15.A. Those who woke up after 7:30 a.m.
B. Those who slept for at least ten hours.
C. Those who learned sums in the morning.
D. Those who learned sums before bed.
16.A. Sleep helps to strengthen memories.
B. Sleep helps us to learn words better.
C. Sleep makes numbers stick in our memory.
D. Sleep makes us get confused with numbers.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17.A. Three. B. Six. C. Ten. D. Fourteen.
18.A. Children tend to arrive too early in the morning.
B. He thinks children behave badly in the museum.
C. The museum has a special exhibition on lately.
D. The museum can’t accommodate so many children.
19.A. A special talk on the Early Man exhibit.
B. An hour-long guided tour of the museum.
C. A video introducing the museum in detail.
D. A fun-filled interactive educational program.
20.A. Positive. B. Worried. C. Interested. D. Hesitant.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Was Air Pollution Monet’s Muse (灵感之源)
Claude Monet was a French painter who lived at the turn of the 20th century, from 1840 to 1926. He is credited as the founder of impressionism, a painting style characterized by its use of many thin brushstrokes ____1____(create) a dream-like quality. Impressionist paintings are celebrated for the way ____2____ seem to capture a sense of life in motion. Monet didn’t just simply paint landscapes; he wanted to convey the sensations he experienced when he saw them.
Many of Monet’s paintings portray the passage of time, like clouds ____3____ (drift) through the sky. The landscapes in his paintings often have a misty appearance, ____4____ fog is clouding edges, and concealing objects that are far away. Some researchers have suggested the mist of Monet’s landscapes ____5____ have actually been air pollution.
Monet was painting at a time when heavy industry was starting to seriously impact the environment. This was especially true in urban centers like London and Paris. The supposition is that Monet’s works reflect the increasing levels of air pollution that Europe ____6____ (witness) in the late 19th century and early 20th century. ____7____ Monet’s painting career progressing, background visibility in his paintings seems to gradually decrease.
In letters to his wife, Monet sometimes described the smoke and fog in London, for ____8____ he obviously had a preference. Evidence suggests that ____9____ significant number of Monet’s works were influenced, or even inspired, by the way air pollution affected light and vision. ____10____ air pollution was the muse for one of modern history’s greatest artists might be true.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.wrestling B. approaches C. preoccupied D. experimenting E. dynamically F. bound G. moderate H. applies I. inadequate J. unitedly K. integrity
Dare to be Dull
A big part of why spontaneous (即兴的) speaking feels so challenging is the desire to always say the right thing in the right way at the right time. But that leads to unnecessary self-evaluation and criticism, consuming precious mental energy and preventing you from ____11____ engaging in the moment. I often advise people to follow a spontaneous comedy saying: “Dare to be dull.” That is, don’t feel you are ___12___ to give an exceptional performance. Recognize that there is no single “correct” way to answer a question, give feedback or welcome a colleague —only better or worse ____13____.
Another popular saying also ____14____ here: “Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good.” Listeners are more likely to trust you when you speak like a man of ____15____ rather than an actor or a robot. For example, research shows that the most effective speech includes ____16____ use of fillers such as “um” and “ah.” So when you need to speak spontaneously, refocus your attention on your listeners instead of ____17____ with your inner critic. Attempting to serve their needs will take your mental spotlight off yourself, relieving the pressure you feel. Tell yourself that ____18____, making mistakes, and learning during spontaneous interactions are normal.
Micah, a student of mine, was fearful that his class contributions would be seen as ____19____. To avoid embarrassment, he planned and rehearsed the points he wanted to make. But because he was always working to remember them and find the right time to use them, he was ____20____ and failed to get the most out of discussions. With my help he focused on silencing his inner critic. He began offering more ideas, sometimes imperfectly formed, and in just a few weeks he became less anxious and more confident.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
4 Ways to Get That Vacation Feeling in Two Days
Going on vacation every week It might sound like the ____21____ dream. But a simple mindset ____22____ can make it happen—no travel involved.
A few years ago, Holmes and her colleagues began ____23____ the importance of taking vacations. In a series of experiments, Holmes’ team ____24____ 441 U.S. workers to either spend the weekend like any other, or treat it like a vacation. When they were back at work on Monday, people who had adopted a vacation mindset reported being happier and less stressed.
“What was somewhat surprising is that the effect wasn’t driven by people spending time all that ____25____,” Holmes says. “It was this mindset that allowed them to be more present, ____26____ being in “doing” mode, it allowed people to settle in and be in the moment.
We asked people to share their favorite tips for adopting a vacation mindset at home.
1. Get creative about ____27____ time
Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday off work and actually some people often find their weekend schedules fully ____28____. You could still apply the philosophy. For example, devote an hour on Sunday morning to the ____29____, but protect the rest of the weekend as your vacation time.
2. Reflect on priorities
Focus on what makes a vacation different from a _____30_____ weekend. “Does it mean turning off your email notifications Spending money carelessly “Maybe it means being able to spend time with people you don’t normally get to see, or giving yourself a break on a workout,” Holmes says. “It’s helpful to make a list of those things and be able to _____31_____.”
3. Act like a _____32_____
Decision scientist Nika Kabiri recommends doing something totally new so you can disconnect from the same old routines _____33_____ your life. Among her favorite ideas: Drive to a part of town you’ve never been to before, go for a stroll, and grab lunch at the first cute café you see. “The spontaneity（自发性）is what makes experiences like this feel vacation-like,” Kabiri says.
4. Don’t put extra pressure on yourself
Treating your weekend like a vacation doesn’t mean it needs to be a complicated affair. If your “vacation” encounters a few problems or lasts for only a few hours—don’t worry. “It doesn’t have to be all or nothing,” Kabiri says. “Don’t put pressure on yourself to have this ‘perfect vacation.’” It’s _____34_____ to be fun. _____35_____, there’s always another one just a few days away.
21. A. unattainable B. inharmonious C. incomplete D. unprofessional
22. A. study B. shift C. trend D. proposal
23. A. representing B. ranking C. exploring D. predicting
24. A. persuaded B. challenged C. motivated D. instructed
25. A. practically B. literally C. identically D. differently
26. A. In light of B. Regardless of C. In favor of D. Instead of
27. A. telling B. killing C. making D. changing
28. A. cleared B. packed C. removed D. dominated
29. A. laundry B. recreation C. movies D. picnic
30. A. regular B. dramatic C. primitive D. peaceful
31. A. identify with B. depend on C. follow through D. substitute for
32. A. resident B. master C. tourist D. neighbor
33. A. facilitating B. governing C. revealing D. polishing
34. A. proved B. defined C. described D. meant
35. A. Plus B. Hence C. Still D. Finally
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
PAUL HEMINGTON, 57, is the Assistant Operations Manager at Cheddar Gorge（切达峡谷） and Caves cheddargorge.co.uk
I moved to SOMERSET mainly for my family. My daughter was getting married and I didn’t want to live six hours away, so we made the move. Once we moved, we were made unneeded and it was a mad race to get work. I ended up at here at Cheddar Gorge and Caves.
Cheddar Gorge is like nothing else in the UK. It’s a unique phenomenon, because although there are other caves in the country, you don’t have the gorge elsewhere. This is a major geological feature, it’s three miles long and there’s just this natural, raw beauty. I can sit at my desk in guest services and look out at part of the gorge. It’s amazing.
The Cheddar Gorge spirit is strong. You know, not having worked here or heard about the area, you come here and it gets under your skin in the right way. You become part of it, it becomes part of you. I’m very passionate about it. And there’s the amazing wildlife, the geology, the prehistory — Cheddar Man is still one of the greatest finds in the UK.
Every day at Cheddar Gorge and Caves is different. You’ve got the rock sports side of things, the climbing, the caving. We take people through the caves on tours and we have pre-history, which we do with the museum, whereby we have schools come in and do demonstrations with them. We will dress up as genuinely as we can to reproduce the time period of the Cheddar Man, which is the Mesolithic period, so 10,000 years ago. We do fire lighting, for example, and hopefully it’s inspiring to the young people! It’s really cool to be in the museum garden and have part of the gorge as the background while you’re doing it, so you can really submerge yourself in that moment.
My favourite spot is when you go past the peak on the walk and you can look back down into the gorge or across to the reservoir. The view is amazing. Yes, you can see pictures of it, but honestly you have to be there to fully appreciate it. You might hear some buzzards or see some sheep or goats while you’re up there, just to enhance the experience!
36. PAUL HEMINGTON originally moved to Cheddar Gorge to __________.
A. settle down in the countryside B. be closer to his daughter
C. land a job as a tour guide D. take part in a competitive race
37. The underlined phrase “gets under your skin” is closest in meaning to _________.
A. affects you deeply B. bothers you greatly
C. increases your strength D. improves your skin condition
38. Which of the following falls into Paul’s job descriptions
A. He goes to the school to give lectures on pre-history.
B. He demonstrates to young people how to climb rocks.
C. He participates in recreating the scenes in the Mesolithic period.
D. He decorates the museum garden to make it look like the gorge.
39. What does PAUL HEMINGTON talk about in this article
A. How he adapts to the local way of life.
B. What major local attractions are worth seeing.
C. Why Cheddar Gorge ranks first as a natural wonder.
D. What makes Cheddar Gorge so special to him.
B
With short story writer and novelist Della Galton
Q What’s the best way to keep track of your characters in a novel Amanda Rose, via email A I’m not sure what the best way is, but here are some of the methods I use. Most of my records are on paper. I have a huge folder, and in it are the following: * Character sheets – one A4 sheet for each character with all their details: name; age; address; physical description; personality type… * Dialogue records – an extra page where I note their favorite words and dialogues. * Photographs – I use photos cut from magazines for inspirations as to what they look like. I’m also a big fan of spreadsheets. I create one that has the name, date of birth and age of my characters at any given time in the novel – or novels if it’s a series. This is particularly helpful for controlling timelines, as I only need to change one date and the rest are set up to update automatically. I also use a spreadsheet for keeping track of the plot so I know what happens to each character in each chapter. I create the spreadsheet before I start and fill it in as I go. It’s for tracking not plotting, but it could be used for that if you plotted what happens in each chapter. Hope this helps, Amanda. Q Should I use single quotes or double quotes for dialogue Tania Yeatman, Wimborne A It doesn’t matter! Usually it’s a matter of house style, so if you are aiming at a specific publication, check to see what their style is for publication and copy that. If you don’t know the house style then the important thing is to be consistent. The same applies to quotes from interviewees and experts in your articles.
“I saw Anne at writing group,” Milly said. “And she came rushing up to me and told me she’d done it at last. She’s got an agent!”
Sometimes there may be a quote within a quote. It can be single quotes within double quotes or the other way around. But don’t mix the two styles within the story to avoid confusion. Q ______________________________ Grace Louise
40. ________ are most useful for controlling timelines of the story.
A. Character sheets B. Dialogue records
C. Photographs D. Spreadsheets
41. The appropriate example in the box should be __________.
A. ‘I saw Anne at writing group,’ Milly said. ‘And she came rushing up to me and cried, “I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!”’
B. “I saw Anne at writing group,” Milly said. “And she came rushing up to me and cried, ‘I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!”
C. ‘I saw Anne at writing group,’ Milly said. “And she came rushing up to me and cried, ‘I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!’”
D. “I saw Anne at writing group,” Milly said. ‘And she came rushing up to me and cried, ‘I’ve done it at last. I’ve got an agent!’
42. Which of the following questions is most likely to be asked by Grace Louise, who is dreaming of becoming a novelist
A. When and where will your next novel be published
B. What should I write about to win the writing competition
C. Do you have any tips for overcoming the writer’s block
D. Can you give us a lecture on choosing the right topics
C
A forest in Staffordshire (in the UK) transformed into a hi-tech laboratory. Researchers here are investigating how the trees use carbon, and it’s difficult to find out. In an unusual experiment, extra carbon dioxide is piped to the trees, to create the kind of atmospheric conditions expected in the middle of the century. And instruments measure how the forest reacts.
The scientist in charge says there’s still a lot to learn. And he worries that governments and companies are rushing to plant trees as an easy answer to climate change. “If you try and use trees to tidy up the mess that we’re making through emissions, you are putting those trees into a very rapidly changing climate and they will struggle to adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKenzie, University of Birmingham.
This device tracks the movement of carbon dioxide. In a healthy forest, the gas is not only absorbed by the trees but some is released as well. What scientists here are finding out is the way carbon flows into a forest and out of it is a lot more complicated than you might think. So, if mass tree planting is meant to be a solution to tackling climate change, the trees are going to have to be monitored and cared for, over not just decades, but may be centuries as well.
Of all the challenges, the task of planting is the simplest. Shelby Barber from Canada can do an amazing 4,000 trees in a day. “People talking about planting millions billions of trees around the world. Is it possible do you think, physically ” asked BBC.
“It’s definitely possible with the right amount of people, the right group of people. I’ve personally, in three years, planted just over half a million trees.” said Professor Rob MacKenzie.
Once planted, the trees need to survive, and experts are mixing different types to minimize the risk of disease. “It’s a bit like making sure you don’t put all your eggs in one basket, you’re spreading out your risk. And then if one part of that woodland fails, for whatever reason, it gets a disease or it can’t tolerate future climatic conditions, there are other parts of the forest that are healthy and able to fill in those gaps.” said Eleanor Tew of Forestry England.
Suddenly there’s momentum to plant trees on a scale never seen before. So what matters is doing it in a way that ensures the forests thrive — so they really do help with climate change.
43 Why is extra carbon dioxide piped to the trees in the experiment
A. To predict the future atmospheric conditions.
B To imitate the possible air condition in the future.
C. To create an instrument to measure atmospheric conditions.
D. To investigate the quality of air condition in the future.
44. The underlined word “some” in the second paragraph refers to __________.
A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. mess D. purified gas
45. What will Eleanor Tew suggest concerning the survival of the forest
A. Minimizing the area of the woodland.
B. Studying future climatic conditions.
C. Planting different types of trees.
D. Avoiding mixing different species.
46. Which statement concerning mass tree planting will Professor Rob Mackenzie mostly likely agree with
A. It should be advocated in terms of efficiency and convenience.
B. It is the most effective solution to fighting climate changes.
C It will do more harm than good to the health of the environment.
D. It needs to be studied further as a measure against climate change.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The Fight against Fast Furniture
Fast furniture is a term that refers to furniture that is produced cheaply and quickly. These items are often bad for the environment because they are made from materials that break easily and need to be replaced often. __________47__________
To help protect the environment, a movement to move away from fast furniture has begun. Many companies are joining the fight by finding cleaner ways to manufacture furniture. For example, IKEA has agreed to switch to using renewable or recycled materials for their furniture by the year 2030. __________48__________
There is also a push to encourage shoppers to buy more used furniture for their homes. Small businesses that help transform old chairs and sofas into completely new products have even popped up recently. At the end of the day, consumers will play the most important role in the fight to end fast furniture. Shoppers should try to think more about the long term when preparing to purchase new furniture. They should stay away from furniture that is made from cheap materials like fiberboard or plastic because they will often fall apart after a few years. __________49__________
A much better alternative is furniture made from real wood because it won’t break as easily. If wood furniture is damaged, it can often be repaired to last longer. High-quality metals are another good material, as they are durable. If the furniture is no longer fit for use, these metals can still be recycled and used to make new products.
__________50__________ So, the next time you buy furniture, think about whether it’s something that will last a long time or it’s just fast furniture that will break soon and go into the trash.
A. It has also designed a special program that lets people return used furniture pieces to its stores so they can be fixed and used again by consumers.
B. This would help to reduce overall waste, as it would extend the life cycle of old furniture items.
C. Although these items may cost less initially, they are more expensive because they will need to be replaced sooner than traditional pieces of furniture.
D. This creates a lot of pollution, as the furniture ends up buried in landfills where it can harm the soil.
E. Homeowners are looking for furniture that is kinder to the environment.
F. By choosing furniture that’s made to last we can help reduce waste and protect the environment.
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Digital Nomads (游牧人)
How would you like to answer your work emails from a beachfront café in Thailand or a coffee shop in Portugal If that appeals to you, being a digital nomad might be for you. Digital nomads can literally work from anywhere as their jobs are online. Digital nomads rely on portable devices with wireless Internet capabilities such as laptops, tablets and smartphones. Typically, they work from coffee shops, restaurants, co-working spaces, apartments or internet cafés — places with an Internet connection.
Worldwide, statistics show the number of digital nomads hit 35 million in 2021. So what is it that makes the lifestyle of digital nomads so fascinating First and foremost, digital nomads get to live in different countries and cultures while they work, providing them with opportunities to have adventures and experience new things. These folks have also found the most flexible means of online incomes, allowing them to head out at a moment’ notice and go where they please. “I’m free,” says Nimisha Walji, “I can go where the wind takes me and live any place I choose! If I feel like a change, I can pursue that in a matter of days, sometimes hours.”
You may think that being a digital nomad is all sunshine and rainbows. It is not necessarily so. Job finding is one of the hardest tasks for the digital nomad, given that they have no permanent home, no office address, and no one knows them. To apply for a job, they need to find the employer and persuade him to hire them. Most of the employers hire from their own city, and that’s why it’s so hard for a nomad to find a job. Access to stable Wi-Fi and adequate workspace can be difficult. If someone struggles to stay focused at home, there can’t be a worse place than a fascinating holiday location. Few people can manage to be productive faced with the temptations and distractions. It seems that living the life of a digital nomad isn’t for everyone.
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V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 冷静，别让焦虑影响你的表现。（or）（汉译英）
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53. 他忘了往锅里倒油，鸡蛋粘在了锅底。（forget）（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________
54. 农村地区正在逐步过渡到使用节能型电动汽车，其创新设计颇受年轻消费者的青睐。（transition）（汉译英）
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55. 作为首个致力于城市规划和建设成果的展览中心，它追朔了这座城市从早期到21世纪的惊人演变。（dedicate）（汉译英）
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VI. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
最近上海的某些餐馆和面包房采取了一项新的举措：在微信小程序上以盲盒的形式降价销售当天卖剩的食物，购买者能在小程序上看到商家信息、价格和取货时间。英语报“YOUR VOICE”专栏欢迎读者来信，就这一做法展开讨论。假定你是高三学生李华，请给专栏编辑写信，表达看法，说明理由。
(食物盲盒: mystery boxes of randomly packed leftover foods )
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