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多种手法使用技巧绍兴市二模七选五任务型阅读语篇修辞手法分析
绍兴市二模七选五任务型阅读语篇是一篇说明文语篇，主题是给大一新生提供一些交新朋友的意见，从语篇整体结构上来看，这篇说明文采用了总---分---总的结构，语篇第一段使用连续性的反衬法来引出主题：适应大学新生活和在大学中找到新朋友的方法。语篇第二段、第三段、第四段和第五段是并列关系，分别从心态、节奏、自尊和活动四个方面来具体阐述方法。最后一段又是整体上的倡议，呼吁大一新生勇敢向前，在大学生活中留下自己的标记。
我们现在来阅读一下具体的语篇:
Dear Fresher, joining a university can be a pleasant but challenging experience:horrific and yet beautiful, scary but exciting. 36. __________________......
下面我们来具体解答题目，第36题需要中性、虚写而且简洁的内容，从这些要求来看，只有A项完全符合，所以它是唯一正确的答案。37题需要贬义、实写而且复杂的内容，综上所述，只有答案E项符合要求。38题需要中性、实写而且复杂的内容，只有C项具备这些条件。39题需要先贬义后中性、虚写而且复杂的内容，唯一符合条件的是F项。40题需要褒义、实写而且复杂的内容，正确答案只能是G。
这篇说最大的写作亮点是多种修辞手法的运用，下面我们来逐一分析一下这些写作手法：
一、比喻
这篇说明文语篇使用了两处比喻手法，而且这两处比喻手法都被用作了选项，分别是第36题A项It is a big turn on the pages of your life和第38题C项I no longer struggle too hard to fit square pegs into round holes。
第一处A项中的turn和page这两个名词都含有比喻意义，实际上这里并不是指真正的“翻动书页”，其实选项A的意思是It is an important new period of your life。选项C中名词square pegs 和round holes并非是它们的字面含义“方形挂钩”和“圆形洞穴”，本质上这两个名词代表着“不是同频的朋友”，动词短语 fit square pegs into round holes也不是它的中性字面意思“把方形挂钩放进圆形洞穴”，精确地说，这句话的意思含有贬义，意思为“硬挤进不属于自己的圈子”。
两句含有比喻手法的句子都被用于设置选项，从这一点我们可以看出比喻手法在语言中使用相当重要，正是因为它的重要所以被命题者格外关注。
二、排比
我们不难发现整篇语篇从结构上说来整体上使用了排比手法，排比的指示词是dear fresher, 这在语篇第一段开始、语篇第三段开始、语篇最后一段开始三个地方使用了这个指示词dear fresher。第一个dear fresher的使用是为了引出主题。第二个dear fresher的使用是为了讲解具体的方法，而第三个dear fresher的使用却有所不同，在这里出现主要是为提出倡议、升华主题。
Dear Fresher （引出主题）, joining a university can be a pleasant but challenging experience:horrific and yet beautiful, scary but exciting. 36. __________________.
Do not panic if, like me, you do not make friends on the first day or week. Before I met Sanaa, I had tried to force myself to make friends with classmates in my other majors. Then I was starting to get convinced that there was something wrong with me. 37. ______________Eventually, when I started making more friends, it made sense why the friendship I had forced did not work out. It was my first lesson in understanding my uniqueness, and reminding me that my “friends” are somewhere, out there. 38. ______________
So, dear Freshers, （讲解具体的方法）as I say welcome to university life, I am also saying, give yourself time---to understand your school, your course, and your new rhythm of life. Do not fall into the trap of people-pleasing to fit in.
39.______________ Of course, you must leave room to grow and breathe---to discover amazing cultures, new accents, and new ways of matching your clothes---but do not do anything that needs you to abandon your genuine self in order to become.
Finally, it might not look like it, but the four, five, or six years you will be in university will pass by really quickly. 40. ______________ Perhaps that is DIYs, writing blog posts, participating in club activities in your department, or joining the dance troupe.
So, dear Fresher, （提出倡议、升华主题）go forward, and leave your mark! You will be surprised at how much experience that will contribute to your CV.
三、对比
除了比喻和排比之外，这篇七选五任务型阅读语篇还使用了不少对比的手法，这里所知的对比既有词语之间的对比，还有内容方面的对比，下面我们来点击一下这些使用对比的具体例子：
Dear Fresher, joining a university can be a pleasant but challenging experience: horrific and yet beautiful, scary but exciting. It is a big turn on the pages of your life.
这一段使用了三个褒义贬义词语的对比, 不同之处在于前面一个对比先扬后抑, 而后面两个对比则是先抑后扬。
Do not panic if, like me, you do not make friends on the first day or week. Before I met Sanaa, I had tried to force myself to make friends with classmates in my other majors. Then I was starting to get convinced that there was something wrong with me. That was why I got uninspired by every friendship I tried to make. Eventually, when I started making more friends, it made sense why the friendship I had forced did not work out. It was my first lesson in understanding my uniqueness, and reminding me that my “friends” are somewhere, out there.I no longer struggle too hard to fit square pegs into round holes.
第二段则是整体上进行了对比，前半部分是黑色贬义部分，描述自己一开始交友方面的不顺利，而后半部分则是红色褒义部分，描述自己如今的转变以及取得的成功。
So, dear Freshers, as I say welcome to university life, I am also saying, give yourself time---to understand your school, your course, and your new rhythm of life. Do not fall into the trap of people-pleasing to fit in.
While the new phase of life is challenging, remember who you truly are. Of course, you must leave room to grow and breathe---to discover amazing cultures, new accents, and new ways of matching your clothes---but do not do anything that needs you to abandon your genuine self in order to become.
第四段一开始就使用了对比，用连词while连接一句让步状语从句，表达意思是贬义黑色内容，后面主句则是蓝色中性建议。后半段则使用but连接另一种对比，前面是红色的褒义内容，而后面则是黑色贬义内容。
Finally, it might not look like it, but the four, five, or six years you will be in university will pass by really quickly. Seek out opportunities to do stuff you are passionate about during your free time. Perhaps that is DIYs, writing blog posts, participating in club activities in your department, or joining the dance troupe.
第五段的对比非常有趣，前面是虚写黑色部分，强调时光易逝容易被人忽视，而后面一句用连词but引出，属于黑色贬义内容，强调大学生活的短暂，为后面从事兴趣爱好的描述顺理成章。
So, dear Fresher, go forward, and leave your mark! You will be surprised at how much experience that will contribute to your CV.
这篇绍兴市七选五任务型阅读说明文语篇，在修辞手法的运用上相当丰富和精当，当我们在阅读这些语篇的时候关注这些修辞手法的使用，那么我们在理解语篇内容和解答具体习题时就会容易很多。

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