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绝密★启用前
2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中考试（安徽卷）
英语
注意事项：
1．本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2．考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔在答题卡上填写自己的考号、姓名、试室号、座位号，用2B铅笔把对应该号码的标号涂黑。
3．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试题上。
4．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔、涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束时，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共四大题，满20分)
Ⅰ.短对话理解(共5小题:每小题1分，满分5分)
你将听到五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1．What would the woman probably drink then
A． B． C．
2．What was the doctor’s advice for the girl
A． B． C．
3．What will Fred help fix up
A．The bike. B．The radio. C．The computer.
4．Where does the girl’s friend come from
A．Japan. B．England. C．Greece.
5．How could the speakers make money
A．By repairing bikes. B．By selling old bikes. C．By going bike riding.
Ⅱ. 长对话理解(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
你将听到两段对话，每段对话后几个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
听对话，回答以下各小题。
6．What movie are they going to see
A．The Sound of Music. B．Cats. C．Love Me Once More, Mom.
7．How does the boy like the movie
A．It’s so boring. B．It’s so moving. C．It’s so interesting.
听对话，回答以下各小题。
8．Who is in hospital
A．Jack. B．Tom. C．Lucy.
9．Where did they go yesterday
A．The Summer Palace. B．The Great Wall. C．The Ming Tombs.
10．What happened to Jack
A．He ran into the wall. B．A car hit him. C．A track hit him.
Ⅲ. 短文理解(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
11．How old is Jenny
A．16 years old. B．14 years old. C．12 years old.
12．Where does Jenny come from
A．America. B．Australia. C．China.
13．What’s wrong with Jenny
A．She often has a cold. B．She often has a fever. C．She often has a headache.
14．What did the doctor tell Jenny to do
A．To have a rest. B．To drink more water. C．To take Chinese medicine.
15．What will Jenny do
A．To be a doctor. B．To write to her friends. C．To buy some medicine.
IV. 信息转换(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
你将听到一篇短文。根据短文内容，写出下面表格中所缺的单词，每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。
When It was last 16 .
Where The children were in the 17 .
What The boys were playing 18 .
Who A 19 was in the water asking for help.
How The children 20 the girl.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两大题，满分30分)
V. 单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
从每小题所给的人B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21．Shen Teng is a ________ actor and he is good at making people laugh.
A．serious B．strict C．humorous D．weak
22．—Our first mission (探测器) to Mars, Tianwen-1, has been successfully launched.
—Wow, ________ exciting news!
A．how B．what an C．what a D．what
23．The teacher asked Mary what happened. She didn’t ________ excuses and told the teacher the truth.
A．use up B．stay up C．make up D．look up
24．—How much do you know about the story Havoc in Heaven
—I know the story ________ because I have read it many times.
A．well enough B．good enough C．enough well D．enough good
25．—You look unhappy, David. Why
—I invited my classmates to play basketball this morning, but ________ of them came.
A．nobody B．all C．none D．everybody
26．Now more and more people pay attention to the ________. They want to do something to fight against air pollution.
A．environment B．traffic C．food D．noise
27．—Don’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right
—Sorry, I ________. But now I know parking here is not right.
A．don’t B．didn’t C．hadn’t D．doesn’t
28．Columbus (哥伦布) ________ the New World, and Edison ________ the electric light.
A．discovered; found B．discovered; invented C．invented; created D．invented;
found
29．—Jack, I haven’t seen your uncle for a long time.
—He _________ Shanghai on business for two months.
A．went to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has been to
30．—We’ll have a basketball match tomorrow afternoon.
—________ I’m sure you will win.
A．Have a good time. B．Never mind. C．That’s a pity. D．Good luck.
VI. 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
Long long ago, there was a swan with golden feathers. She lived in a lake. A woman lived in a small house 31 the lake with her two daughters. They were very poor. They worked hard all year round, but still, they lived a hard life and sometimes they even didn’t have enough 32 to buy food.
The swan was 33 to see that. She said to herself, “I’ll give one of my 34 to them each day, and then they can live a happy life with the money selling my feathers. “That evening, she flew to the poor woman’s house and left a golden feather on the table without saying anything. From then on, the swan came every day and gave them a feather. The woman was very happy because their life was much 35 than before.
But day after day, the woman became greedy (贪婪). She said to her 36 . “The swan may fly away one day. If so, we will be poor again. We should take all her feathers 37 she comes next time.”
“Oh, no, Mom!” cried the daughters, “This will hurt the swan. She helps us a lot!” But the mother wouldn’t listen. When the swan came as usual, the mother caught her and took all her feathers. But suddenly, the golden feathers 38 chicken feathers.
Then, the Golden Swan said, “Poor Mother, I came to 39 you, but you wanted to kill me. Now, I am leaving and will 40 come back. Never be greedy!” With these words, the swan flew away.
31．A．below B．through C．near D．under
32．A．money B．time C．room D．energy
33．A．happy B．angry C．sad D．tired
34．A．presents B．eggs C．feathers D．tools
35．A．bigger B．better C．busier D．harder
36．A．brothers B．sisters C．sons D．daughters
37．A．before B．when C．because D．since
38．A．changed into B．heard of C．looked for D．came from
39．A．trouble B．help C．teach D．invite
40．A．sometimes B．always C．usually D．never
The adult (成年人) brain weighs about three pounds. This doesn’t seem like much, but it is one of the most 41 parts in the human body. The brain is made up of so many nerve cells (神经细胞). These nerve cells tell exactly the rest (其余部分) 42 the human body what to do. Without a brain, we could not live.
The brain is like the body’s 43 . It controls the temperature of the human body and helps us breathe (呼吸). The brain allows the body to 44 , think and speak. Different parts of the brain have different jobs. The brain tells us when we are hungry and thirsty. It also 45 us remember and feel.
The brain 46 energy (能量) stored in the bodies as it works. 47 we need to get more energy. To keep our brains and the rest of our bodies working right, we need to eat 48 foods, like vegetables, fruits and milk. We also need to keep our brains 49 . Because research has shown that the less active our 50 are, the less we are able to remember and do. So keep moving, thinking and doing things. It’s great for your brain.
41．A．interesting B．important C．beautiful D．difficult
42．A．of B．from C．with D．in
43．A．computer B．TV C．radio D．phone
44．A．put B．carry C．send D．write
45．A．asks B．teaches C．helps D．orders
46．A．puts on B．asks for C．hands out D．uses up
47．A．As B．If C．So D．And
48．A．usual B．delicious C．healthy D．strange
49．A．happy B．excited C．cool D．active
50．A．eyes B．hands C．legs D．brains
第三部分 阅读理解(共两大题，满分45分)
VII. 补全对话 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
根据对话内容，从下面选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。
A: What were you doing at 5: 00 p. m. yesterday
B: 51
A: Where did you fly kites
B: 52 A lot of children were flying kites there.
A: 53
B: Yes, but the wind wasn’t strong. The weather was good for flying a kite.
A: 54
B: Kate and Kim. They both bought new kites and got there earlier than I did.
A: 55
B: Yes, we played there for about four hours.
A．Who helped you mend the kite
B．We were flying kites.
C．Who did you fly kites with
D．Was it windy yesterday
E．Did you like their kites
F．On the square.
G．Did you enjoy yourselves
VIII. 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
In America, there are chores for children of different ages. American people think it’s important to tell children their duty(责任) in the family. They think that a 2-year-old child is never too young to do chores. If you have no ideas, use this list(列表) of age chores for your children.
Ages 2—3 Help make the bed. Pick up(收拾) toys and books. Take the dirty clothes to the launder(洗衣机) room. Help feed pets. Ages 4—5 Clear and set the table. Help cook dinner.
Ages 6—8 Look after pets. Take out the rubbish. Ages 9—12 Help wash the car. Learn to wash the dishes. Clean the bathroom.
56．What can Bob, a 5-year-old boy do
A．Look after pets. B．Help cook dinner.
C．Take out the rubbish. D．Help wash the car.
57．Susan’s mother always asks her to help clean the bathroom, then how old may Susan be
A．2 years old. B．4 years old.
C．7 years old. D．10 years old.
58．Why do American people think children should do chores in the family
A．Because children have too much free time.
B．Because children should develop good habits.
C．Because it’s important to tell children their duty.
D．Because parents want their children to be good.
Many people hate doing chores around the house. But Marie Kondo is surely not one of them. In fact, the Japanese lady is so good at doing housework that one of her books, The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, is a best seller in Japan and Europe. She is also on the list of the world’s 100 greatest people by Time Magazine in 2015.
Marie Kondo said she was interested in tidying up when she was a child. She started reading magazines for housewives (主妇) when she was five. In junior middle school, she ran into the classroom to tidy up bookshelves while her classmates were playing at the P.E. class. From the age of 15, Marie began studying the art of tidying seriously. She started with her own bedroom and then moved onto her brothers’ and sisters’.
After years of practice, Marie found KonMari Method, her special way to simplify (使简化) and organize homes. Now she runs a successful business in Tokyo. Marie wrote four books on organizing. Among them, The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up is the most popular one. It tells readers how to put together everything they have and keep only things they really care and need.
59．Marie Kondo __________ doing chores around the house.
A．hates B．likes C．doesn’t mind D．can’t stand
60．What is KonMari Method
A．It’s Marie’s own way of keeping healthy.
B．It’s the name of Marie’s most popular book.
C．It’s Marie’s own way of simplifying and organizing homes.
D．It’s the name of Marie’s middle school.
61．What do you think of Marie
A．Careless. B．Outgoing. C．Smart. D．Beautiful
62．Where does the book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up sell well
A．In Japan B．In Europe C．In China D．In Japan and Europe
Have you ever been ill When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don’t want to work, you stay in bed, feeling very sad.
　　What makes us ill It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope. They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.
　　Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.
　　Germs aren’t found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割开处), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body,and you would have pain everywhere.
63．What is a microscope used for
A．Making very small things look much bigger.
B．Making very big things look much smaller.
C．Helping you read some newspapers.
D．Helping you if you can’t see things clearly.
64．Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water
A．You haven’t looked at it carefully.
B．Water can’t be drunk in this way.
C．There must be lots of germs in it.
D．Water will make you ill.
65．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Germs can be found both in water and in the air.
B．Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.
C．If your temperature is not OK, there must be germs in your body.
D．If your finger isn’t cut, there aren’t any germs on it.
66．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Germs may make us ill.
B．Germs are in dirty water.
C．Don’t drink dirty water.
D．Take care of your fingers.
With the growing population on earth, it becomes more and more difficult for the planet to hold so many people. All the countries are looking for a way out. It seems that the powerful countries all agree on one possible
solution: space colonization (殖民).
America is one of the most powerful countries in space science. The American scientists believe it is necessary to build a base on the moon. It is very likely to be built where there is ice. The only problem is its cost.
Although Russia is not as strong as America in space power for the time being, with a lot of knowledge and experience from the former Soviet Union (前苏联), many scientists think that it is just a matter of time for the Russians to land on the moon, or even the Mars.
China has made big progress in space exploration in the last twenty years. Great success has been achieved with the Shenzhou spaceships. China’s Lunar Exploration Project has completed its first two steps and is now going to the last one: to build a base on the moon.
Besides, India is believed to be the next “China” in the area due to its quick development in the field.
67．What does the underlined word “necessary” mean
A．必要的 B．荒谬的 C．困难的 D．冒险的
68．Why do many scientists think Russians will land on the moon
A．All the countries are looking for a way out.
B．Russia has a lot of knowledge and experience.
C．Russia is not as strong as America in space power.
D．Russia has made great progress in space exploration.
69．How many countries are mentioned in the passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
It was a sunny Friday. Stephanie just returned home from school. She called out to her mother but there was no reply. Thinking that her mother had gone to the supermarket to buy some fruit, Stephanie went into the kitchen to see if dinner was ready.
However, she came across a strong smell of smoke. She looked around the kitchen and was shocked to see that the cloth near the stove (火炉) was on fire. Thinking that her parents were not at home, Stephanie knew that she had to be the one to put out the fire. She ran out of the kitchen, got the fire extinguisher (灭火器) from the living room and returned to the kitchen to put out the fire.
After that, Stephanie ran back to the living room, picked up the phone and tried to call her parents. At that moment, her mother came out of her bedroom with a sleepy expression (表情) on her face. When Stephanie told her what had happened, she was quite nervous. She said sorry to Stephanie for falling asleep with the stove still on. She also praised (表扬) Stephanie for putting out the fire. If Stephanie had come home any later, the fire would have spread to other parts of the house.
Stephanie was glad that her grandfather had taught her how to use the fire extinguisher before. It had helped to stop a fire from breaking out at home.
70．Where did the family keep the fire extinguisher
A．In the kitchen. B．In the washroom.
C．In the bedroom. D．In the living room.
71．What was Stephanie’ s mother doing when Stephanie came home
A．She was making dinner.
B．She was sleeping in her bedroom.
C．She was talking to someone on the phone.
D．She was putting out the fire.
72．Which of the following is the RIGHT order according to the passage
①Stephanie tried to make a phone call.
②Stephanie got the fire extinguisher.
③Stephanie came across a fire accident.
④Stephanie put out the fire.
A．①②③④ B．③②④① C．②①④③ D．③①②④
阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。
F
It was a cold December day in New York. A little boy was standing outside a store. With no shoes on his feet, he stood there and looked in the window for a long time. A lady came up to the boy and asked, “My little friend, what are you looking at so hard in that window ”
“I was asking God to give me a pair of shoes.” The boy said.
The lady took him to the store asked the salesman to get several pairs of socks for the boy. She then asked if he could get her some water and a towel (毛巾).He quickly brought them to her. She took the boy to the back of the store, took off her gloves, sat down, washed his little feet and cleaned them with the towel.
By the time the salesman had returned with the socks. After putting a pair on the boy’s feet, she then bought him a pair of shoes. She put the other pairs of socks in a bag and gave them to him. She held his hands and said, “My little friend, do you feel more comfortable now ”
As she turned to go, the boy caught her by the hand, looked up to her face with tears in his eyes and asked: “Are you God’s wife ”
73．Why did the boy stand outside the store for a long time （不超过15个单词）
74．What did the lady buy for the boy （不超过10个单词）
75．What do you think of the lady （不超过5个单词）
第四部分 写作(共两大题，满分25分)
IX. 单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
76．Students can often learn something new from h (爱好) in their free time.
77．Lily won the first place in the game and it made her p (感到自豪的).
78．Unless you keep moving, you’ll never r (到达) the top of the mountain.
79．The l (最新的) study shows that the natural sunlight helps students have better eye sight.
80．Don’t l (笑) at others because it’s not good for you.
X. 书面表达(共1小题；满分20分)
81．现在，中学生在校内能保证一定时间的运动量，但在校外普遍缺少运动甚至不运动。请就此现象写一篇短文。
1. 缺少运动甚至不运动的原因；
2. 缺少运动甚至不运动对学生的影响；
3. 针对这种现象提出合理的改善建议。
要求：
1. 词数：80—100（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 文中不得出现真实的校名和人名。
参考词汇：be short of 缺少
Many students are short of exercise in their spare time now.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B
【原文】略
2．C
【原文】略
3．B
【原文】略
4．A
【原文】略
5．A
【原文】略
6．C 7．B
【原文】略
8．A 9．B 10．A
【原文】略
11．B 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B
【原文】略
16．Sunday 17．park 18．basketball 19．girl 20．saved
【原文】略
21．C
【详解】句意：沈腾是一个幽默的演员, 他善于让人发笑。
考查形容词辨析。serious严肃的；strict严格的；humorous幽默的；weak虚弱的。根据“he is good at making people laugh”可知，此处指“幽默的”。 故选C。
22．D
【详解】句意：——我们的第一个火星探测器“天问一号”已经成功发射。 ——哇，多么令人兴奋的消息！
考查感叹句。根据“...exciting news!”可知，此处为感叹句，中心词是news不可数名词，前面是形容词exciting修饰，结构为what+形容词+不可数名词。故选D。
23．C
【详解】句意：老师问玛丽发生了什么事。她没有编造任何借口，而是告诉了老师真相。
考查动词短语辨析。use up用完； stay up熬夜；make up编造；look up查询。根据“excuses”可知，考查make up excuses“编造借口”。 故选C。
24．A
【详解】句意：——你对《大闹天宫》这个故事了解多少？——我对这个故事很熟悉，因为我已经读过很多遍了。
考查副词修饰动词和enough后置。well好，副词； good好的，形容词；enough足够地，修饰形容词或副词要后置。根据“I know the story...”可知，空处是修饰动词，故应用副词well。故选A。
25．C
【详解】句意：——David，你看起来不开心。为什么？——今天早上我邀请我的同学去打篮球，但是他们一个也没来。
考查代词辨析。nobody没有人；all都；none没有人；everybody每个人。根据“I invited my classmates to play basketball this morning”及but可知，并没有人来，排除B和D选项。nobody后不跟介词of，排除A，故选C。
26．A
【详解】句意：现在越来越多的人关注环境。他们想做点什么来对抗空气污染。
考查名词词义辨析。environment环境；traffic交通；food食物；noise噪音。根据“They want to do something to fight against air pollution.”可知，是越来越多的人关注环境。故选A。
27．B
【详解】句意：——你没有看到右边的“禁止停车”的标志吗？——对不起，我没有看到。但是现在我知道在这儿停车是不对的了。
考查动词的时态辨析。本题表示“你告诉我之前，我没有看到。”表示过去，用一般过去时态。故选B。
28．B
【详解】句意：哥伦布发现了新大陆，爱迪生发明了电灯。
考查动词辨析。discovered发现，侧重强调原来就有，但一直没有被发现的东西；found找
到，强调的是找的结果；invented发明，强调创造出自然界本来不存在的东西；created创造，创作，强调产生出新的东西。第一空指哥伦布发现了新大陆，用discovered；第二空强调发明了灯泡，用invented。故选B。
29．C
【详解】句意：——杰克，我好久没见到你叔叔了。——他在上海出差已经两个月了。
考查现在完成时。 went to去了，是一般过去时；has gone to去了某地（未返回）；has been in在某地待一段时间；has been to去了某地（已返回）。根据“for two months.”可知本句用现在完成时，再根据“Shanghai on business for two months.”可知是指在上海待了两个月了，应用has been in。故选C。
30．D
【详解】句意：——明天下午我们将有一场篮球比赛。——祝你们好运。我确信你们会赢。
考查情景交际。Have a good time.祝你玩得开心；Never mind.没关系；That’s a pity.太遗憾了；Good luck.祝你们好运。根据“We’ll have a basketball match tomorrow afternoon.(明天下午我们将有一场篮球比赛。)”可知，此处应该表示祝福。Good luck表示“祝你(们)好运”，符合情境。 故选D。
31．C 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．B 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文讲述一只天鹅看到一位妇人和女儿们生活凄惨，热心帮助她们过上好的生活，但是妇人太贪心了，天鹅飞走了不再帮助她们。
31．句意：一位妇女和她的两个女儿住在湖边的一所小房子里。
below在……下；through通过；near在……附近；under在……下。根据“a small house... the lake”可知，是湖边的房子。故选C。
32．句意：她们常年辛苦劳作，但生活依然艰苦，有时甚至没钱买食物。
money钱；time时间；room空间；energy能量。根据“they lived a hard life”可知，她们生活艰苦，没钱买食物。故选A。
33．句意：天鹅很伤心看到那个。
happy开心；angry生气；sad悲伤；tired劳累。根据后文可知天鹅准备帮助她们，所以看她们生活艰难很伤心。故选C。
34．句意：我每天都会把我的一根羽毛送给它们，然后她们就可以用卖我羽毛的钱过上幸福的生活。
presents礼物；eggs鸡蛋；feathers羽毛；tools玩具。根据后文“with the money selling my feathers”可知，给她们羽毛。故选C。
35．句意：女人很高兴，因为她们的生活比以前好多了。
bigger更大；better更好；busier更忙；harder更努力。根据前文“The woman was very happy”可知，开心的理由是生活变好了。故选B。
36．句意：她对女儿们说道。“有一天，天鹅可能会飞走。如果是这样，我们又会变穷了。当她下次来的时候我们应该把她所有的羽毛都拿走。”
brothers兄弟；sisters姐妹；sons儿子；daughters女儿。根据“A woman lived in a small house ...the lake with her two daughters.”可知，她是和女儿们在一起的，所以是告诉女儿。故选D。
37．句意：她对女儿们说道。“有一天，天鹅可能会飞走。如果是这样，我们又会变穷了。当她下次来的时候我们应该把她所有的羽毛都拿走。”
before在……前；when当……时；because因为；since由于。分析句子可知，横线后是时间状语，表示当来的时候，所以是when。故选B。
38．句意：但突然间，金色的羽毛变成了鸡毛。
changed into变成；heard of听说；looked for寻找；came from来自。根据“the golden feathers ...chicken feathers”可知，当天鹅知道她们要杀她时，金色羽毛变成了鸡毛。故选A。
39．句意：可怜的母亲，我是来帮助你的，但你却想杀了我。
trouble麻烦；help帮助；teach教；invite邀请。根据前文第二段可知，天鹅是给她们金羽毛来帮助她们。故选B。
40．句意：现在，我要走了，决不会回来。
sometimes有时；always总是；usually经常；never从不。根据内容可知天鹅帮助她们，她们反而要杀了她，所以应是绝不会回来。故选D。
41．B 42．A 43．A 44．D 45．C 46．D 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了大脑的功能和重要性。
41．句意：这看起来不多，但它是人体最重要的部分之一。
interesting有趣的；important重要的；beautiful美丽的；difficult困难的。根据“Without a brain, we could not live.”（没有大脑，我们就无法生存。）可知大脑是人体最重要的一部分。故选B。
42．句意：这些神经细胞能准确地告诉人体的其余部分做什么。
of……的；from从；with和……一起；in在里面。根据“These nerve cells tell exactly the rest...the human body what to do.”可知考查the rest of“其余的”，固定短语。故选A。
43．大脑就像人体的电脑。
computer电脑；TV电视；radio收音机；phone电话。根据“It controls the temperature of the human body and helps us breathe.”（它控制人体的温度，帮助我们呼吸。）可知大脑就像人体的电脑。故选A。
44．句意：大脑使身体能够写作、思考和说话。
put放；carry携带；send发送；write写作。根据“think and speak”思考和说话，可推测出此处与之统一范畴的是“书写”。故选D。
45．句意:它还帮助我们记忆和感觉。
asks要求；teaches教；helps帮助；orders命令。根据“It also...us remember and feel.”可知是考查help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”。故选C。
46．句意：大脑在工作时消耗了储存在体内的能量。
puts on穿上；asks for要求；hands out分发；uses up耗尽。根据“we need to get more energy.”（我们需要更多的能量。）可知大脑在工作时消耗了储存在体内的能量。故选D。
47．句意：所以我们需要更多的能量。
As因为；If如果；So所以；And和。根据“he brain...energy stored in the bodies as it works....we need to get more energy.”可知，大脑在工作时消耗了储存在体内的能量，所以我们需要更多的能量。前后是因果关系，前因后果，应用“所以”。故选C。
48．句意：为了让我们的大脑和身体的其他部分正常工作，我们需要吃健康的食物，比如蔬菜、水果和牛奶。
usual通常的；delicious美味的；healthy健康的；strange奇怪的。根据“like vegetables, fruits and milk.”（比如蔬菜、水果和牛奶。）可知是健康的食物。故选C。
49．句意：我们还需要保持大脑活跃。
happy快乐的，幸福的；excited兴奋的；cool冷酷的；active活跃的。根据“Because research
has shown that the less active our...are, the less we are able to remember and do.”（因为研究表明，我们的大脑越不活跃，我们能记住的和做的就越少。）可知要保持大脑活跃。故选D。
50．句意：因为研究表明，我们的大脑越不活跃，我们能记住的和做的就越少。
eyes眼睛；hands手；legs腿；brains大脑。根据“We also need to keep our brains...”（我们还需要保持大脑活跃。）可知我们的大脑越不活跃，我们能记住的和做的就越少。故选D。
51．B 52．F 53．D 54．C 55．G
【导语】本文是一则对话，B向A介绍了自己昨天下午放风筝的事情。
51．根据上文“What were you doing at 5: 00 p. m. yesterday ”可知，此处是回答昨天下午五点在做的事情，B项“我们在放风筝。”符合语境。故选B。
52．根据上文“Where did you fly kites ”可知，此处是回答在哪里放风筝，F项“在广场上。”符合语境。故选F。
53．根据下文“Yes, but the wind wasn’t strong.”可知，此处是一般疑问句，询问有关天气的问题，D项“昨天有风吗？”符合语境。故选D。
54．根据下文“Kate and Kim. They both bought new kites and got there earlier than I did.”可知，此处是问对方和谁一起放风筝，C项“你和谁一起放风筝？”符合语境。故选C。
55．根据下文“Yes, we played there for about four hours.”可知，此处应使用一般疑问句，G项“你们玩的开心吗？”符合语境。故选G。
56．B 57．D 58．C
【导语】本文讲述了美国人认为孩子们应该做家务，并介绍了不同年龄段的孩子可以做的不同的家务。
56．细节理解题。根据“Ages 4—5 Clear and set the table. Help cook dinner.”可知，一个5岁的孩子可以帮忙擦桌子，摆桌子，还可以帮忙做晚餐。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据“Ages 9—12 Clean the bathroom.”可知， 9—12的孩子可以打扫浴室，所以Susan可能10岁。故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据“American people think it’s important to tell children their duty(责任) in the family.”可知，美国人认为告诉孩子他们在家庭中的责任是很重要的，所以他们认为孩子们应该做家务。故选C。
59．B 60．C 61．C 62．D
【导语】本文主要讲日本家政女皇Marie Kondo的事业发展之路及她的著作《怦然心动的人生整理法则》。
59．细节理解题。根据“But Marie Kondo is surely not one of them. In fact, the Japanese lady is so good at doing housework...”可知Marie Kondo是擅长家务的，因此喜欢做家务。故选B。
60．细节理解题。根据“After years of practice, Marie found KonMari Method, her special way to simplify (使简化) and organize homes.”可知KonMari方法指的是她自己的简化和整理家的方法。故选C。
61．推理判断题。根据“She started reading magazines for housewives (主妇) when she was five. In junior middle school, she ran into the classroom to tidy up bookshelves while her classmates were playing at the P.E. class.”可知Marie Kondo在5岁时就开始阅读家庭主妇的杂志，说明她是聪明的，故选C。
62．细节理解题。根据“The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, is a best seller in Japan and Europe.”可知这本书在日本和欧洲都销售的很好。故选D。
63．A 64．C 65．D 66．A
【导语】这篇文章讲述了我们生病是因为细菌。细菌在我们身边无处不在。我们只有通过显微镜才能发现它们。它们在水里，空气里，可以通过伤口和其他途径进入我们身体使我们生病。
63．判断推理题，根据文中第二段描述“They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope.”它们很小，你不能用肉眼看到，但是不能用显微镜看到它们。从而判断显微镜能够将小的东西放大，故选A。
64．细节理解题。根据“Germs are always found in dirty water. So your parents will not let you drink dirty water.” 脏水里发现有细菌，所以父母不让你们喝脏水，故选C。
65．判断推理题。根据“Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.”有时候细菌也会进入你的身体，让你全身疼痛。而不是只通过伤口进入身体，判断D错误。故选D。
66．主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲述了我们身体的疾病是由细菌引起的，细菌无处不在。A选项“细菌使我们生病”符合。故选A。
67．A 68．B 69．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了随着地球人口的增长，地球越来越难以容纳这么多人，各国都在寻找解决方案，其中一个可能的解决方案是太空殖民。
67．词义猜测题。根据“It seems that the powerful countries all agree on one possible solution: space colonization”以及“The American scientists believe it is necessary to build a base on the moon.”可知，强国都同意一个可能的解决方案：太空殖民，美国是空间科学领域最强大的国家之一，美国科学家认为在月球上建立一个基地是很有必要的，所以划线单词表示“必要的”，故选A。
68．细节理解题。根据“with a lot of knowledge and experience from the former Soviet Union (前苏联), many scientists think that it is just a matter of time for the Russians to land on the moon, or even the Mars.”可知，很多科学家认为俄罗斯人会登月是因为俄罗斯有很多知识和经验。故选B。
69．细节理解题。根据“America”“Russia”“China”“India”可知，提到了四个国家。故选D。
70．D 71．B 72．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍 Stephanie回到家闻到烟味，发现火炉附近的衣服着火了，自己没有慌乱地用灭火器救火的故事。
70．细节理解题。根据“She ran out of the kitchen, got the fire extinguisher (灭火器) from the living room and returned to the kitchen to put out the fire. ”可知她跑出厨房，从客厅拿了灭火器。故选D。
71．细节理解题。根据“At that moment, her mother came out of her bedroom with a sleepy expression (表情) on her face. ”及“She said sorry to Stephanie for falling asleep with the stove still on. ”可知她炉子还开着就在卧室睡着了。故选B。
72．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However, she came across a strong smell of smoke. ” ；第二段最后一句“She ran out of the kitchen, got the fire extinguisher (灭火器) from the living room and returned to the kitchen to put out the fire. ” ；第三段第一句“After that, Stephanie ran back to the living room, picked up the phone and tried to call her parents. ”可知她先闻到烟味发现着火；然后跑出厨房，从客厅拿了灭火器，回到厨房去灭火；在这之后，斯蒂芬妮跑回客厅，拿起电话，试图给她的父母打电话。故选B。
73．Because he wanted to have a pair of shoes. 74．A pair of shoes and several pairs of
socks. 75．She is very kind.
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位女士帮助男孩买了他想要的鞋的故事。
73．根据第2段“I was asking God to give me a pair of shoes.”可知，小男孩想要一双鞋。故填Because he wanted to have a pair of shoes.
74．根据第4段“After putting a pair on the boy's feet, she then bought him a pair of shoes. She put the other pairs of socks in a bag and gave them to him.”可知，她买了一双鞋和几双袜子。故填A pair of shoes and several pairs of socks.
75．文章主要讲述了一位女士帮助男孩买了他想要的鞋的故事，她是一个很善良的女士。故填She is very kind.
76．(h)obbies
【详解】句意：学生经常可以在空余时间，从爱好中学到新东西。hobby“爱好”，为名词；此处需要名词作宾语；根据语境，此处为复数形式。故填(h)obbies。
77．(p)roud
【详解】句意：莉莉在比赛中获得了第一名，这让她感到自豪。“感到自豪的”的英文是“proud”，make sb. proud让某人感到自豪。故填(p)roud。
78．(r)each
【详解】句意：除非你继续前进，否则你永远也不会到达山顶。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，空处应填reach“到达”，助动词will后面加动词原形。故填(r)each。
79．(l)atest
【详解】句意：最新的研究表明，自然阳光有助于学生有更好的视力。此处作定语修饰名词study，应使用形容词；latest“最新的”，形容词。故填(l)atest。
80．(l)augh
【详解】句意：不要嘲笑别人，因为这对你没有好处。“笑”的英文表达是laugh，动词，laugh at sb.表示“嘲笑某人”，Don’t后跟动词原形，所以空格处填laugh的原形，故填(l)augh。
81．例文：
Many students are short of exercise in their spare time now. What should we do Now let me take our school for example.
Students spend much time doing homework. Playing computer games takes up their free time that is should be used for physical activities.
It is quite clear that they are short of exercise. I really hope that the society and school will do something to change it and encourage all the students to go out to do some sports. Students should take part in doing sports as much as possible because health is important than anything else.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要注意不要遗漏材料中的内容，并适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
①第一步，表明写作意图。借用“现在的学生缺少运动”来引出下文中对该现象的介绍；
②第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“原因、影响和建议”三方面入手，重点介绍该现象；
③第三步，书写结语。建议学生们多运动。
[亮点词汇]
①take sth for example 以某事为例
②spend time in doing sth 花费时间做某事
③take up 占用
④do harm to sth 对某事有害
⑤try one’s best to do sth尽力做某事
⑥take part in 参加
⑦as…as possible尽可能的……
[高分句型]
①Playing computer games takes up their free time that is should be used for physical activities.（that引导的定语从句）
②I really hope that the society and school will do something to change it and encourage all the students to go out to do some sports.（that引导的宾语从句）
③Students should take part in doing sports as much as possible because health is important than anything else.（because引导的原因状语从句）

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