资源简介

梅河口市第五中学2023～2024学年度下学期
高 二 英 语 试 题
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上并将条形码粘贴在粘贴处。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man now
A. An accountant. B. A teacher. C. A musician.
2. What is the woman’s opinion about her old laptop
A. It is heavy. B. It doesn’t work properly. C. It is slow to start.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Repairman and customer.
4. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Make a quick decision. B. Estimate the cost. C. Decorate her house.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Looking for a job. B. Designing a website. C. Renting an apartment.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the woman thank the man for
A. Training the new staff. B. Working an extra shift. C. Providing a ride to work.
7. What happened to the man this afternoon
A. He felt sick. B. He got caught in the rain. C. He wet his training shoes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the man say about the camera
A. It was delivered late. B. Its battery is dead. C. It has a mark on it.
9. What will the man do next
A. Cancel the picnic. B. Contact the supplier. C. Exchange the camera.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Why will the man go to Milan next month
A. To travel. B. To study. C. To work.
11. How many days will the man tour Milan
A. One day. B. Four days. C. Five days.
12. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Join a group. B. Surf the Internet. C. Try a walking tour.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is more persuasive in the presentation
A. Explaining dangers. B. Showing data. C. Presenting the outline.
14. What will attract the audience in the presentation
A. Lists. B. Examples. C. Pictures.
15. What will the woman do to relieve anxiety
A. Practice beforehand.
B. Have the man check her speech content.
C. Prepare some questions from the audience.
16. What does the man advise the woman to do at last
A. Pretend to be relaxed. B. Keep an optimistic attitude. C. Give the audience a surprise.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. When is the report being broadcast
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
18. What caused the traffic jam
A. A car accident. B. The bad weather. C. The road construction.
19. What should train passengers do on Friday
A. Change trains at East River Station.
B. Get a free pass for the blue line train.
C. Avoid taking trains to DuPont Circle.
20. What will the listeners most likely hear next
A. Weather updates. B. News on a bridge. C. An interview with the police.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The 2024 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreigners across the Globe—Calligraphy and Painting Challenge has been officially announced.
This competition invites painting, calligraphy, and Chinese language enthusiasts from all around the world to take part in this exciting event.
Participants are encouraged to submit their creative themes for the contest, with the theme selection process being determined through public nominations.
If you’re interested, feel free to submit the theme that you believe fits best with the requirements of the competition.
Here are the requirements:
Who Can Apply
The call for creative themes for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge is open to any Chinese language enthusiasts worldwide, with no limit to age or nationality.
Submission Dates
Submissions will be accepted from June 15, 2024, to 12:00 PM on June 30, 2024(Beijing Time.)
Announcement Date
The selected theme for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge will be announced on July 1, 2024, which also marks the official start date of the submission period for works under the selected theme.
Submission Methods
Participants can send their theme and related information to chinesebridge@. “Chinese Bridge” also accepts direct messages on its official account on Facebook, Instagram, WeChat, and Weibo.
21. Who can be invited to the competition
A. Tom who is crazy about Spanish. B. Sandy who is creative in writing.
C. Lucy whose nationality is Chinese. D. Bill who loves Chinese and calligraphy.
22 On which of the following dates can the participants submit their works
A. June 12, 2024. B. July 1, 2024. C. June 20, 2024. D. July 15, 2024.
23. What is the purpose of the text
A. To build a competition organization. B. To provide information about a competition.
C. To announce the opening of a competition. D. To collect creative themes for a competition.
B
In the animal world, speed is king, Fast animals have a leg up in outrunning other animals, which puts them high on the food chain. It would seem that all animals would go for speed, but then there’s the sloth (树懒). While a lion can go from 0 to 60 miles an hour in only five seconds, it takes a sloth all day to cover no more than 50 meters.
Sloths live entirely in trees on a diet of leaves. And for this, they are extremely rare. While most of the land world is covered in trees, there are very few vertebrates (脊椎动物) that call the tree home. The aim of a 2016 study, says Jonathan Pauli, professor of forest and wildlife ecology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, was to help uncover why sloths are indeed so unique. “Among vertebrates, this is the rarest of lifestyles,” says Pauli. “When you picture animals that live off plant leaves, they are almost all big — things like deer. What’s super interesting about sloths is that they can’t be big.”
For their research, Pauli and his Wisconsin team studied wild sloths at a field site. When the researchers measured the energy use of sloths, they found a wildly low burning of as little as 110 calories of energy a day. And for this, they take the cake: it is the lowest measured energetic output for any mammal (哺乳动物).
“The measurement was intended to find out what it cost sloths to live over a day,” says Pauli, who adds a diet of little but leaves lacks nutritional value and that the animal’s small size doesn’t allow for overeating — so sloths need to find ways to make the most of their diets, which means using tiny amounts of energy, dramatic control of body temperature and living at an extremely slow pace.
Their reward A wonderfully widespread ecological system to call their own, one slow inch at a time.
24. Why is a lion mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. To admire lions’ speed. B. To state sloths’ weakness.
C. To confirm lions’ lead position. D. To highlight sloths’ uniqueness.
25. What is the 2016 study mainly about
A. The lifestyle of sloths. B. The diet of vertebrates.
C. The species of rare animals. D. The energy use of creatures.
26. What does the underlined part “take the cake” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Break down. B. Keep on. C. Stand out. D. Grow up.
27. What can be inferred about sloths from Pauli’s words
A. Their low pace is a balanced choice. B. They are faced with possible extinction.
C. Their slow pace decides a tiny appetite. D. They suffer a lot against natural enemies.
C
What you believe in has a magic way of shaping your reality. The concept of “you can become what you believe” is more than just a motivational quote. It’s a truth that stresses the remarkable influence of your mindset (心态) on your journey through life. At the heart of this idea lies the distinction between two fundamental mindsets: the growth mindset and the fixed mindset.
The growth mindset is a mindset that embraces the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed through devotion, effort, learning, and perseverance. Those with a growth mindset grow better on challenges, viewing them as opportunities to learn and improve. Effort is seen as a path to mastery, and setbacks are viewed as stepping stones on the journey to success. Criticism is taken constructively as a chance to improve skills, and the success of others serves as inspiration and a blueprint for one’s own progress.
In contrast, the fixed mindset is characterized by the belief that your abilities, intelligence, and talents are fixed characteristics that cannot be changed. People with a fixed mindset tend to avoid challenges, fearing that failure might reveal their limitations. They avoid pushing themselves because they see it as a sign of their weakness. Criticism is frequently interpreted as a personal attack, and envy or anger can be stirred up by others’ achievement. In nature, a fixed mindset limits individuals to their current abilities and limits their potential for growth.
The power of a growth mindset lies in its capacity (能力) to drive positive change. By believing in the potential for growth and improvement, individuals open themselves to a world of possibilities. “If you imagine less, less will be what you, undoubtedly deserve. Do what you love and don’t stop until you get what you love. Work as hard as you can, and think big, “Debbie Millman, a writer, designer, educator, artist and brand consultant said.
28. What is the author’s argument
A. People’s mindsets are diverse. B. One’s heart affects one’s mindset.
C. Mindset determines what one can be. D. Mindset depends on one’s character.
29. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the growth mindset
A. Its limitation. B. Its possibility.
C. Its disadvantages. D. Its characteristics.
30. What way does the author use to illustrate the two different mindsets
A. Giving examples. B. Making comparisons.
C. Conducting analysis. D. Quoting famous sayings.
31. What might be Debbie Millman’s suggestion
A. Think carefully before you act. B. Imagine less and practice more.
C. Stay true to yourself and never change. D. Pursue your dreams and never give up.
D
Social media provides materialists with ideal opportunities to compare themselves with others, which makes them subject to passive and addictive user behavior. This stresses them out and, ultimately, leads to low life satisfaction, according to a new study.
The researchers headed by Dr. Phillip Ozimek from Germany employed 1, 230 people for their online survey. In order to participate, respondents had to visit at least one social media channel at least once a week. On average, the participants stated they spent just over two hours a day on social media.
The team used six different questionnaires to determine the extent to which the participants had a materialistic attitude and tended to compare themselves with others, whether they used social media more actively or passively, whether they were addicted to social media, how stressed and how satisfied they were with their lives.
“The data showed a stronger materialistic approach goes hand in hand with a tendency to compare oneself with others,” points out Ozimek. This comparison is easy to make on social media, primarily through passive use—by looking at the content posted by other users. Materialism and passive use were also linked to addictive use of social media.
“Users are constantly thinking about the respective (各自的) channels and fear they’re missing out on something if they aren’t online” explains Ozimek. “This in turn leads to poorer mental health like stress. The final link in the chain is reduced life satisfaction.”
“Overall, the study provides further evidence that the use of social media is associated with risks, especially for people with a highly materialistic mindset,” says the psychologist. “This is particularly worrying, because social media can stimulate and increase materialistic values through influence r marketing. Meanwhile, the platforms attract materialists anyway, as they’re a perfect way to satisfy materialistic needs.”
“It’s definitely a good idea to be aware of the amount of time you spend on social media and to reduce it,” recommends Ozimek, who advises against giving up social media completely. “If you did, you’re likely to over-correct.” He also suggests recording materialism and social media use in patients undergoing treatment for mental health disorders. “While these factors are often irrelevant, they can be a starting point for additional interventions patients can try out at home.”
32. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Virtual World, the Real Danger B. Showing Superiority Causes Heavy Media Use
C. More Social Media Materialism, Less Happiness D. Materialistic Values: A Stepping Stone to Discontent
33. To qualify for the survey, a participant must ______
A. be a big spender B. specialize in data analysis
C. be a regular social media user D. upload web surfing history
34. What kind of feeling is expressed by Ozimek in paragraph 6
A. Pessimism. B. Sympathy. C. Shock. D. Concern.
35. What does Ozimek propose concerning using social media
A. Restricting the duration. B. Logging onto well-rated websites.
C. Abandoning it for good. D. Prohibiting patients from using it.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin 36 It’s estimated that families in the U. K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year. “Food waste” means food that could have been eaten but instead is thrown away. Apples, bananas, bread, potatoes and salad are the most common items that are binned.
With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, but it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water. 37 First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get chucked out most often—and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For instance, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday.
38 Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it(there are portion sizes on the packet but they are for adults, so adjust them), and before you pile your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full.
Your freezer is a good way to save food. Keep a sliced loaf in there; you can put frozen slices straight into the toaster. You can freeze leftovers in a sealed container for another day. 39 It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the fridge. You could label a shelf an “Eat me first” spot for anything that has been there for a while.
Finally, use your senses. Some U. K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables. 40 Ask an adult to help. Don’t forget to update your diary to see how much change you can make.
A. Cooking the correct portion size helps too.
B. However, heat defrosted leftovers thoroughly before eating.
C. Fruit that looks bad can be made into a juice for a Friday treat.
D. Potatoes and carrots, however, last a long time if kept in a cool, dark place.
E. Here are some simple tips that can help your family become food-waste warriors.
F. This is done to decide whether something is still fine to eat with your noses and eyes.
G. It may sound unpleasant but in fact it tells you how much food your family throws out.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
What’s the difference between having a dream and making the dream come true Hard work and perseverance. Wanda Smith always wanted to be a 41 , but sometimes meeting life’s demanding realities can mean a dream 42 .
Smith, a mother of three, had to care for her mom, 43 her family responsibilities, she took jobs as a bus monitor and gatekeeper for Brenham Independent School District in Texas. The time was 44 for her. But rather than let her dream die, at the age of 37, with the 45 of her husband, she added night classes to her 46 . Nine years on, she 47 graduated with a bachelor’s degree from Sam Houston State University.
Smith’s story came full circle when she was 48 as a first-grade teacher back at Brenham Elementary School. “When I stand in the front of my classroom, I know I am 49 my dream finally,” Smith said during a show celebrating Teachers’ Day.
During the pandemic, as some of her students 50 to take up distance learning, Smith stepped up to help them. She risked her life to deliver schoolwork to students to ensure that the learning could be 51 as smoothly as possible, which really 52 her students and their parents.
Smith’s life is an example as well as a(n) 53 for us. With great 54 and effort, she graduated from cleaning classrooms to 55 classrooms.
41. A. driver B. teacher C. doctor D. manager
42. A. delayed B. broken C. awoken D. activated
43. A. denying B. shouldering C. claiming D. avoiding
44. A. meaningless B. hopeless C. unfair D. tough
45. A. support B. complaint C. appreciation D. permission
46. A. occupation B. hobby C. schedule D. exercise
47. A. unwillingly B. successfully C. unexpectedly D. secretly
48. A. considered B. treated C. named D. hired
49. A. telling B. sharing C. passing D. living
50. A. remembered B. struggled C. pretended D. regretted
51. A. checked out B. handed up C. carried out D. given up
52. A. moved B. worried C. attracted D. saved
53. A. inspiration B. trouble C. failure D. luck
54. A. kindness B. imagination C. determination D. understanding
55. A. helping B. uniting C. building D. leading
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tai Hang, a modern-looking neighborhood in Hong Kong, is home to the Tai Hang Fire Dragon Dance, a folk art form that 56 (perform)during the Mid-Autumn Festival for over 100 years. 57 started as a way to rid this fishing village of bad luck has become a cultural treasure.
The dragon is about 70 meters long and weighs more than 200 pounds, with 58 (it) body wrapped with pearl grass. More than 70,000 incense sticks(香柱)are lit and strung along the dragon’s back and head to make the “fire” of the fire dragon. At the festival, hundreds of people work 59 turn to parade the burning dragon through the streets of Tai Hang. The 60 (strong)man among the group has 61 honor of supporting the 30-kilogram head. Dozens of performers 62 (move)the dragon smoothly up and down through the air attract rounds of cheers and 63 （applaud）from surrounding crowds.
The inheritors of the dragon dance have set up workshops to demonstrate various aspects of the traditional art from the making techniques to 64 (base) dance skills. In June, 2022,the Hong Kong Tai Hang Fire Dragon Museum was opened to inspire more people 65 (learn )more about this traditional dance culture.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack送了一张画展的门票作为你的生日礼物。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.观看画展的感受；
3.回赠礼物。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in high school, there was nothing I loved more than going bowling—and no place I’d rather be than Al’s Kingpin Lanes. That place was great: Friday 5-dollar foot-long hot dogs with all the toppings, old arcade (拱廊)cabinets in the back that had classics like Galaga, and always playing 1940s jazz and 1950s rockabilly music. I got so fascinated by bowling that I even managed to convince my high school to start a varsity (校队)and junior varsity bowling sports club.
During my high school years, from freshman to junior year, starting and leading my school’s bowling club really helped me to come out of my shell. As time went on, our varsity team began winning local and even state tournaments. Soon enough, our school was getting bowling trophies(奖杯)to go alongside the trophies for more traditional sports like swimming and track and field. These victories not only boosted my popularity but also allowed me to form meaningful connections along the way! Life was great back then.
Still, the bowling memory that really stuck out to me was when I met Leroy. Although Leroy happened to go to the same high school as I did, we didn’t really cross paths that much. I was already a junior by then, and as I found out later, he was still a young freshman. The strange thing about it, though, was how he would always hang out in the back, nervously watching everyone else play. Despite his regular presence, he seemed too nervous and shy to play or even talk with others.
Then, one evening while I was out with my friends at Kingpin Lanes, something remarkable happened. I witnessed Leroy actually picking up a bowling ball for the first time. His shoes were untied, he struggled to lift even the lightest ball up, and with each throw, the ball ended up in the gutter lane(边沟), resulting in straight zeroes across the board.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That’s when I finally made my way over to say hi to Leroy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
And that was the beginning of our friendship.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高二下学期第一次月考试题答案
听力： 1-5 AAABC 6-10 BBCBC 11-15 AABCA 16-20 BAAAB
阅读：21-23 DCB 24-27 DACA 28-31 CDBD 32-35 CCDA 36-40 GEABF
完形：41-45 BABDA 46-50 CBDDB 51-55 CAACD
语法填空：56. has been performed 57. What 58. its 59. in 60. strongest
61. the 62. moving 63. applause 64. basic 65. to learn
作文第一节：
Dear Jack,
I’m more than excited to receive a birthday gift from you. Honestly speaking, I didn’t expect that I could get a ticket for the painting exhibition that I had been looking forward to attending. I’m deeply grateful for your surprise
With that precious ticket, I went to the exhibition, which featured amazing paintings from world-famous artists. While admiring those paintings, I felt myself wandering in a world full of greatness and fantasy. In a word, I really enjoyed the exhibition.
To express my gratitude, I’ve sent you a Chinese dictionary by mail, hoping you will like it.
Yours,
作文Li Hua
作文第二节：
That’s when I finally made my way over to say hi to Leroy. Surprised to see me, Leroy nervously cracked a smile and murmured with embarrassment, “I just can’t manage the ball. . .” “It’s no big deal. Everyone was once a green hand.” I smiled. My encouraging words seeming to ease Leroy’s nerves, he opened up to me, talking about his eagerness for bowling despite the frustrating fact that he possessed neither enough courage nor outstanding talent. His passion for bowling took me to the good old days in my freshman year. “I will accompany you to practice it every Sunday.” I patted him on the shoulder. Amazed and excited, he expressed his heartfelt thanks.
And that was the beginning of our friendship. Since that night, meeting at Kingpin Lanes has become our weekly routine. As time passed, my bond with Leroy strengthened. His bowling skills were dramatically sharpened through consistent efforts, which, in turn, reinforced his confidence and helped him fit in with others in the club. “You light up my sky. We are brothers!” Leroy was always telling me whenever we congratulated him on his victories together. If you ask me why I love bowling more than anything, it’s not just for the sport itself but also for its power to boost confidence, its ability to change lives, and the sincere friendships that blossom because of it!
[答案详解]
阅读理解：
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是2024年的“汉语桥”全球外国人汉语能力大赛活动的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Who Can Apply部分中“The call for creative themes for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge is open to any Chinese language enthusiasts worldwide, with no limit to age or nationality.(本次书画挑战赛面向世界各地的汉语爱好者征集创作主题，不限年龄和国籍。)”可知，本次活动面向世界各地的汉语爱好者征集创作主题，不限年龄和国籍。D选项“Bill who loves Chinese and calligraphy.(喜欢中文和书法的Bill)”符合参赛的要求。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Submission Dates部分中“Submissions will be accepted from June 15, 2024, to 12:00 PM on June 30, 2024(Beijing Time.)(报名时间为2024年6月15日至2024年6月30日12:00(北京时间)。)”可知，报名时间为2024年6月15日至2024年6月30日12:00(北京时间)，C选项2024年6月20日在报名时间之内，符合要求。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The 2024 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreigners across the Globe—Calligraphy and Painting Challenge has been officially announced.( 2024年“汉语桥”世界外国人汉语比赛-书画挑战赛正式揭晓。)”以及第四段“If you’re interested, feel free to submit the theme that you believe fits best with the requirements of the competition.(如果你感兴趣，请随意提交你认为最符合竞赛要求的主题。)”可知，文章的目的是提供有关于“汉语桥”比赛的相关信息。故选B。
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A
【导语】在速度为王的动物界,似乎所有的动物都在追求速度,但树懒除外,它拥有独特的生活方式。Pauli和他的团队对此进行了研究。
[24题详解]
推断题。题且问"第一段为什么提到狮子 "。A项"为了赞美狮子的速度"；B项"为了陈述树懒的弱点"；C项"为了确认狮子的领先位置"；D项"为了突出树懒的独特性"。第一段提到狮子主要是在速度方面和树懒进行对比。再根据第二段中的"The aim of a 2016 study... was to help uncover why sloths are indeed so unique"可知,文章主要揭示树懒的独特性,所以第一段提到狮子,是为了用明显的对比引出文章主题,即树懒的独特性,故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第二段中的"The aim of a 2016 study... was to help uncover why sloths are indeed so unique"可知,2016年研究的目的是帮助揭示树懒为什么如此独特。再根据第二段中的 " Among vertebrates, this is the rarest of lifestyles"可知,A项"树懒的生活方式"正确。B项"脊椎动物的饮食";C项"珍稀动物的种类";D项"生物的能量消耗"
【26题详解】
词汇理解题。根据画线短语前的"When the researchers… they found a wildly low burning of as little as 110 calories of energy a day" 和画线短语后的 " it is the lowest measured energetic output for any mammal(哺乳动物)"可知,当
研究人员测量树懒的能量消耗时,他们发现树懒每天消耗的能量极低,只有110卡路里,这是所有哺乳动物测得的最低能量输出。所以这一特点使得树懒很显眼。故画线短语与C项"突出,显眼,引人注目"的意思最为接近。A项"出故障,失败,垮掉";B项"继续";D项"成长,长大"。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。 题目问"从Pauli的话里,我们可以推断出什么 "。A项"它们缓慢的速度是一个平衡的选择";B项"它们正面临灭绝的可能";C项"它们缓慢的速度决定了它们胃口小";D项"它们在与天敌的对抗中遭受了很多痛苦"。根据第四段中的"a diet of little but leaves. . . living at anextremely slow pace"可知,树懒几乎只吃树叶的饮食缺乏营养价值,而且树懒的体型小,也不能吃得过多,所以树懒需要找到充分利用饮食的方法,这意味着使用少量的能量,夸张地控制体温,并以非常缓慢的速度生活,故选A项。
【答案】28．C 29．D 30．B 31．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为人有两种心态, 一种是成长型心态, 一种是固定型心态。作者呼吁人们要培养成长型心态, 做好自己喜欢的事情。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The concept of ‘you can become what you believe’ is more than just a motivational quote. It’s a truth that stresses the remarkable influence of your mindset (心态) on your journey through life. (‘你能成为你相信的人’这句话不仅仅是一句励志名言。这是一个真理，强调你的心态对你的人生旅程的显著影响。)”可知，作者论点是心态决定一个人能成为什么样的人。故选C项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The growth mindset is a mindset that embraces the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed through devotion, effort, learning, and perseverance. Those with a growth mindset grow better on challenges, viewing them as opportunities to learn and improve. (成长型心态是一种心态，它认为能力和智力可以通过投入、努力、学习和坚持来发展。那些有成长型心态的人在挑战中成长得更好，把它们视为学习和提高的机会。)”可知，本段主要讨论了成长型心态的特征。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The growth mindset is a mindset that embraces the idea that abilities and intelligence can be developed through devotion, effort, learning, and perseverance. (成长心态是一种心态，它认为能力和智力可以通过投入、努力、学习和坚持来发展。)”第三段中“In contrast, the fixed mindset is characterized by the belief that your abilities, intelligence, and talents are fixed characteristics that cannot be changed. (与此相反，固定型心态的特点是相信你的能力、智力和天赋是固定的特征，不能改变。)”可知，作者利用对比的方式比较了两种不同心态的差异。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Do what you love and don’t stop until you get what you love. (做你喜欢的事，在得到你喜欢的东西之前不要停止。)”可知，Debbie Millman建议, 做自己喜欢的事, 追求梦想，永不放弃。故选D项。
【答案】32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现社交媒体会导致人们的幸福感降低的问题，解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Social media provides materialists with ideal opportunities to compare themselves with others, which makes them subject to passive and addictive user behavior. This stresses them out and, ultimately, leads to low life satisfaction, according to a new study.(社交媒体为唯物主义者提供了与他人比较的理想机会，这使他们受到被动和上瘾的用户行为的影响。根据一项新的研究，这会给他们带来压力，最终导致生活满意度降低)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现社交媒体会导致人们的幸福感降低的问题，解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。故C选项“更多的社交媒体唯物主义，更少的幸福”最符合文章标题。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ In order to participate, respondents had to visit at least one social media channel at least once a week. (为了参与调查，受访者必须每周至少访问一个社交媒体渠道一次。)”可知，要符合调查资格，参与者必须是社交媒体的常规用户。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段““Overall, the study provides further evidence that the use of social media is associated with risks, especially for people with a highly materialistic mindset,” says the psychologist. “This is particularly worrying, because social media can stimulate and increase materialistic values through influence r marketing. Meanwhile, the platforms attract materialists anyway, as they’re a perfect way to satisfy materialistic needs.”(这位心理学家说：“总的来说，这项研究提供了进一步的证据，证明使用社交媒体与风险有关，尤其是对那些具有高度物质主义心态的人来说。”“这尤其令人担忧，因为社交媒体可以通过影响力营销刺激和增加物质价值。同时，这些平台也吸引了物质主义者，因为它们是满足物质需求的完美方式。”)”可推知，作者表达了一种关心，关注。故选D。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““It’s definitely a good idea to be aware of the amount of time you spend on social media and to reduce it,” recommends Ozimek, who advises against giving up social media completely. (“意识到你花在社交媒体上的时间并减少它绝对是一个好主意，”奥兹梅克建议，她不建议完全放弃社交媒体。)”可知，Ozimek建议限制时间。故选A。
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. A 39. B 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为减少食品浪费，文章提出了一些方法和技巧来帮助人们节约食物。
【36题详解】
根据上文的“Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin (你看过你的食物垃圾桶吗 )”和下文的“It’s estimated that families in the U. K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year.(据估计，英国家庭每年制造的食物垃圾超过600万吨。)”可知，G项(这可能听起来令人不快，但实际上它告诉你你的家庭扔掉了多少食物。)承接上文，告诉人们通过查看家里的垃垃圾桶可以知道一家人浪费了多少食物，下文给出了英国全国家庭浪费食物的大体数字。故选G项。
【37题详解】
根据上文的“With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, but it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water.(随着食品价格的上涨，这是一个成为“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”的好时机。它不仅会省钱，而且对环境有好处。毕竟，种植、包装和运输食物要消耗大量的地球资源，比如能源和水。)”可知，做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”有很多好处；根据下文的“First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get chucked out most often—and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For instance, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday.(首先，弄清楚有多少食物进了你的垃圾桶是个好主意。记日记，记下最常被扔掉的食物以及原因。和家人一起计划一周的膳食可以节省时间和金钱。例如，周日烤的肉可以放在周一的三明治里。)”可知，这里指出了做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”的具体做法。E项(这里有一些简单的建议，可以帮助你的家人成为一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”。)承接上文，既然做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”有很多好处，那就要去做，引出下文的具体做法，故选E项。
【38题详解】
根据下文的“Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it(there are portion sizes on the packet but they are for adults, so adjust them), and before you pile your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full.(在烹饪之前称一下你需要的意大利面或米饭，包装上有分量说明，但这是给成年人的，所以要调整一下，在盘子上摞一堆食物之前，确认一下你有多饿，这样你就不会因为吃得太饱而把食物扔掉。)”可知，控制好要使用的食材的量是重要的，A项(烹饪正确份量的食物也有帮助。)能够概括本段内容，可以作为主题句，这是节约食物的做法，故选A项。
【39题详解】
根据上文的“You can freeze leftovers in a sealed container for another day. (你可以把剩饭剩菜放在密封的容器里再冷冻一天。)”和下文的“It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the fridge. You could label a shelf an “Eat me first” spot for anything that has been there for a while.(很难追踪那些被放到冰箱后面的食物。任何东西已经放在架子上一段时间了，你可以在架子上贴上“先吃我”的标签。)”可知，B项(然而，在吃之前，要彻底加热解冻剩菜。)承接上文，指出冷冻食物要先充分解冻后再食用，这是冰箱储存食物的第一个问题，下文接着谈论冰箱储存食物的第二个问题，即容易遗忘，故选B项。
【40题详解】
根据上文的“Finally, use your senses. Some U. K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables.(最后，运用你的感官。一些英国超市已经取消了水果和蔬菜的“最佳食用日期”。)”可知，使用感官来判断食物是否还能食用是重要的；根据下文的“Ask an adult to help. (找个成年人帮忙。)”可知，通过感官来判断食物是否还能食用需要有经验的成年人帮忙。F项(这样做是为了决定用鼻子和眼睛来判断某些东西是否可以吃。)承接上文，通过鼻子和眼睛来判断食物是否还能食用，若做不到应该找成年人帮忙，因此与下文连接通顺，故选F项。
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Wanda Smith克服生活中的重重困难通过坚定的决心和努力实现梦想成为一名教师的故事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wanda Smith一直想成为一名教师，但有时满足生活中苛刻的现实可能意味着梦想的延迟。A. driver司机；B. teacher老师；C. doctor医生；D. manager经理。根据后文“Smith’s story came full circle when she was ____8____ as a first-grade teacher back at Brenham Elementary School.”可知，此处是指Wanda Smith一直想成为一名教师。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wanda Smith一直想成为一名教师，但有时满足生活中苛刻的现实可能意味着梦想的延迟。A. delayed延迟；B. broken打破；C. awoken唤醒；D. activated激活。根据“meeting life’s demanding realities”及下文信息（当上了老师）可知，此处是指生活中的苛刻条件会让梦想的实现延迟。故选A。
43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Smith是三个孩子的母亲，她不得不照顾她的母亲，承担起家庭责任，她在德克萨斯州的布伦汉姆独立学区做过公交车监督员和看门人。 A. denying否认；B. shouldering承担；C. claiming主张；D. avoiding避免。根据“Smith, a mother of three, had to care for her mom,”可知，此处是指承担家庭责任。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那段时间对她来说很艰难。A. meaningless无意义的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. unfair不公平的；D. tough艰难的。根据前文“Smith, a mother of three, had to care for her mom, ____3____ her family responsibilities, she took jobs as a bus monitor and gatekeeper for Brenham Independent School District in Texas.”可知，此处是指那段时间对她来说很艰难。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，在她37岁的时候，在丈夫的支持下，她没有让自己的梦想破灭，而是在自己的课程表中增加了夜校课程。A. support支持；B. complaint抱怨；C. appreciation欣赏；D. permission允许。根据“But rather than let her dream die,”可知，此处是指在丈夫的支持下。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，在她37岁的时候，在丈夫的支持下，她没有让自己的梦想破灭，而是在自己的课程表中增加了夜校课程。A. occupation职业；B. hobby爱好；C. schedule日程；D. exercise练习。根据“she added night classes”可知，此处是指在日程中增加了夜校课程。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：9年后，她成功地从萨姆·休斯敦州立大学毕业，获得学士学位。A. unwillingly不愿意的；B. successfully成功地；C. unexpectedly意外地；D. secretly秘密地。根据“But rather than let her dream die,”和“graduated with a bachelor’s degree from Sam Houston State University.”可知，此处是指她成功地从萨姆 休斯敦州立大学毕业。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Smith回到布伦汉姆小学担任一年级教师时，她的故事又回到了原点。A. considered考虑；B. treated对待；C. named命名；D. hired雇佣。根据“as a first-grade teacher back at Brenham Elementary School”可知，此处是指史密斯回到布伦汉姆小学被聘为一年级教师。故选D
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我站在教室前时，我知道我终于实现了我的梦想，” Smith在庆祝教师节的节目中说。A. telling告诉；B. sharing分享；C. passing通过；D. living实现。根据“When I stand in the front of my classroom,”可知，此处是指终于实现了梦想。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在疫情期间，当她的一些学生努力接受远程学习时，Smith挺身而出帮助他们。A. remembered记得；B. struggled努力；C. pretended假装；D. regretted遗憾。根据“Smith stepped up to help them.”可知，此处是指一些学生接受远程学习很吃力。struggle to do意为“做某事很吃力”。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她冒着生命危险给学生们送作业，以确保学习尽可能顺利，这让她的学生和他们的父母非常感动。A. checked out退房结账；B. handed up 交给；C. carried out执行；D. given up放弃。根据“as smoothly as possible,”可知，此处是指确保他们的学习能够顺利进行。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她冒着生命危险给学生们送作业，以确保学习尽可能顺利，这让她的学生和他们的父母非常感动。 A. moved感动；B. worried担心；C. attracted吸引；D. saved拯救。根据“She risked her life to deliver schoolwork to students”可知，此处是指这让她的学生和家长非常感动。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Smith的一生对我们来说是一个榜样，也是一个鼓舞。A. inspiration灵感；B. trouble麻烦；C. failure失败；D. luck幸运。根据“Smith’s life is an example”可知，此处是指史密斯的人生对我们也是激励。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有了很大的决心和努力，从打扫教室到带领教室。A. kindness善良；B. imagination想象；C. determination决心；D. understanding理解。根据“Smith’s life is an example”和语境可知，此处是指有很大的决心和努力。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她有了很大的决心和努力，从打扫教室到带领教室。A. helping帮助；B. uniting合并；C. building建造；D. leading带领。根据“as a first-grade teacher back at Brenham Elementary School”可知，她有很大的决心和努力，从打扫教室到在教室中授课。故选D。
56．has been performed 57．What 58．its 59．in 60．strongest 61．the 62．moving 63．applause 64．basic 65．to inspire
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了香港传统舞蹈文化——大坑火龙舞的相关信息。
【详解】
56. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：大坑是香港一个现代化的社区，是大坑火龙舞的故乡，这是一种民间艺术形式，已经在中秋节表演了100多年。根据for over 100 years可知，使用现在完成时，且that指代的先行词a folk art form与perform构成被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填has been performed。
57. 考查名词性从句。句意：一开始是为了摆脱这个渔村的厄运，现在已经成为一种文化财富。has become是谓语部分，前面是主语从句，从句里主语缺失，且指代件事，用连接代词，放在句首，首字母大写。故填What。
58. 考查代词。句意：这条龙长约70米，重达200多磅，全身包裹着珍珠草，故填its。
59. 考查介词。句意：在节日期间，数百人轮流在大坑的街道上游行燃烧的龙。in turn是固定搭配，意为“轮流”。故填in。
60. 考查形容词最高级。句意：这群人中最强壮的人有幸支撑着30公斤的头。空处前面有定冠词the，此处表示“队伍里最强壮的那个人”，用形容词最高级。故填strongest。
61. 考查冠词。句意同上。have the honor of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“有做……的荣幸”，表示特指。故填the。62. 考查非谓语动词。句意：数十名表演者在空中平稳地上下移动龙，吸引了周围人群的欢呼声和掌声。分析句子可知，空处缺少非谓语动词作定语修饰performers，与move构成主动关系，用现在分词。故填moving。
63. 考查名词。句意同上。根据前文cheers，可知此处用名词与cheers并列，applaud对应的名词为applause，不可数。故填applause。
64. 考查形容词。句意：舞龙的传承人已经建立了工作坊来展示传统艺术的各个方面，从制作技巧到基本的舞蹈技巧。空处用形容词作定语修饰dance skills，base对应形容词basic，意思为：基础的。故填basic。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年6月，香港大坑火龙博物馆开馆，让更多人了解这一传统舞蹈文化。根据句意可知，香港大坑火龙博物馆开馆的目的是让更多人了解这一文化，空处用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to learn。
【听力原文】
1．A
【原文】
W: What would have been your dream job if you hadn’t become an accountant
M: I’d have been a professional musician. I grew up playing the piano and I loved performing. I couldn’t think of a more rewarding job when I was at college.
2．A
【原文】
M: I see you’ve bought a new laptop.
W: Yes, it starts up quickly, though to be fair the old one isn’t slow. I began taking this new one to work in the end as it’s so much lighter.
3．A
【原文】
W: Oh, Mark. I’m glad you’re still here at the office. Could you drive me home after work
M: Sure. But where’s your car, Jane
W: Oh, it is in the garage. It broke down on my way to work this morning.
4．B
【原文】
M: Hello, Greenville Construction.
W: Hi, the roof of my house was damaged by the storm. I need someone to look at it.
M: OK. I could stop by your house this afternoon.
W: Could you tell me how much it would cost so that I can make the decision
5．C
【原文】
M: Hi, Jill. How’s your apartment search going
W: I’ve been looking all over the places, but the rents for the ones close to company are just too high.
M: Some of my friends found reasonably priced apartments through the Internet. There are a few websites I could recommend.
6．B 7．B
【原文】
W: Hi, Kevin. I want to thank you again for coming in to work the evening shift. I know you were busy working this morning, too.
M: I need the extra hours, and I know the other kitchen staff members are feeling sick.
W: Well, I’m glad you’re here. But... I noticed that you’re wearing training shoes.
M: Oh, it started to rain heavily while I was walking home this afternoon, so my work shoes got wet.
W: Well, I think we have an extra pair in the back that should fit you.
8．C 9．B
【原文】
M: Look, Jenny. When I opened the box that was delivered here, I found there was a mark on the digital camera in it.
W: Oh, really Let me see. Hmm. You’re right. Also, the extra battery they promised to include isn’t in the box.
M: Don’t worry too much. Damaged items can be exchanged, or we can get money back within a week of the purchased date.
W: Right, but we’re in a hurry because we need it for the annual company picnic on Saturday. Why don’t you call the supplier now
M: Good idea.
10．C 11．A 12．A
【原文】
M: Hi, Lydia. You studied in Milan for 3 years. How did you like the place
W: Well, I love it. The food, people, and atmosphere, everything is great.
M: Next month I’m traveling to Milan to meet some important clients. Do you have any suggestions about what to see when I’m there
W: There are lots of places I could recommend. How long will you be there
M: I’ll be there for 5 days, but I’ll only have one day that I’m not seeing clients.
W: In that case, I think you should try a group bus tour. It’s an excellent way to see all the main attractions in the city in a short amount of time.
M: Good idea. Do you have more information about it, like how much it costs, and what time it starts
W: If you visit their Official Tourism Website, you’ll find all the information you need.
13．B 14．C 15．A 16．B
【原文】
W: This Friday I will have to give my first presentation on global warming, and I am so nervous. What should I do, Jack
M: Firstly, you need an outline of your presentation. You need to answer any questions you will receive from the audience. Besides, it is easier to convince the audience with actual data. And pictures will keep your audience from being bored. It can hold their attention if you show them along the way. Do you have any
W: No, it is another thing to add to my to-do list. I guess I will need at least three or five examples to persuade people about the dangers of global warming.
M: And you also need to keep them interested and involved.
W: What else do I need Is there anything else I can do to help me relax and be at ease during my presentation
M: You can give your presentation in front of the mirror. Just pretend that you are standing in front of your audience.
W: Pretending is one thing; actually giving a speech is another thing.
M: Think positive. Tell yourself that you can do it. You will be amazed by how well you can express yourself.
W: You are right. I will take your advice to practice and learn to relax.
17．A 18．A 19．A 20．B
【原文】
W: Thank you for listening to MZ morning traffic with Julie Park. City Tunnel is backed up almost 10 miles because a truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a car. The police are already at the scene but it will take at least another hour, so, if you’re on Highway 95, I would recommend the Route 65 instead of the tunnel. According to the weather report, there will be a snowstorm at noon, so please use extra caution because the roads will be slippery and as the temperature goes down this afternoon, the conditions will get worse. Here is another reminder that on Friday the blue line train to DuPont Circle will be delayed for 30 minutes due to railway condition changes. I recommend the passengers take the red line train first, and change to the blue line at East River Station. Be sure to pick up your free pass at the customer service desk before you board the red line. This Saturday, Central Bridge will reopen after two weeks of construction. Stay tuned. I’ll be right back soon with more detailed information about Central Bridge.

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