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高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part five (词根词缀排序)
1. 词根 "Bene" (表示“好”或“善”)
Benefit (名词，动词): 好处，利益，获益。
拓展:
benefit sb./sth. 对某人/物有益
benefit from/by 从……中获益；得益于
for the benefit of sb.＝ for one's benefit为了某人的利益
hurt sb．for one’s own benefit损人利己
be of benefit to 对……有益处
beneficial adj.有益的；有用的
be beneficial to 对……有利/益处
例句:
Reading widely and regularly will be beneficial to your English. 广泛而有规律地阅读对你英语有好处。
The new regulation will be of benefit to all the students. 新规定对所有学生都有好处。
串记: Reading benefits you. Besides, you can benefit from speaking. In addition, listening is of benefit to you，too. Finally, writing is beneficial to you. All in all, for your benefit, you should do all the four above. 阅读对你有好处。此外，你可以从说话中受益。还有，倾听对你也有好处。最后，写作对你是有益的。总之，为了你的利益，你应该做到以上四件事。
2. 前缀 "Be-" (表示加强或引起变化)
Behave (动词): 表现，举止。
拓展:
learn how to behave学会礼貌
behave oneself守规矩，举止规矩
well-/badly-behaved a. 守/不守规矩的
behavior(美behavior) n. 行为，举止
例句:
He behaves himself like a man. 他表现得像一男子汉。
His behaviour shows his lack of eonsideration for others. 他的行为表明他没有考虑到别人。
串记: In the beginning, the badly-behaved boy didn’t adapt to the environment. Later, he behaved himself. His behavior is worth praising. 起初，这个行为不端的男孩不适应环境。后来，他表现得很好。他的行为值得表扬。
Believe (动词): 相信，认为。
拓展:
believe in 信任/赖；信仰/奉；相信有
believe it or not 信不信由你
it is believed that 从句 人们认为/相信……
belief n. 相信，信赖/仰；教义
beyond belief 难以置信
have belief in对……有信心
例句:
The stepmother can believe her adopted son, but she can not believe in him. 我相信他说的话是真的，但是不相信他的为人。
串记: It is widely believed that there is no ghost. But believe it or not, my tutor believes in ghosts. 人们普遍认为鬼是不存在的。但是信不信由你，我的导师相信有鬼。
Belong (动词): 属于，附属。
拓展:
belong to 属于，附属
belonging n. 归属感；所有物
belongings n. 财产，所有物
例句: China belongs to the Third World．中国属于第三世界。
串记: All the belongings belongs to the artist but he wants to abandon them. 所有的财产都属于这位艺术家，但他想放弃它们。
Besides (介词，副词): 除此之外，还有。
拓展: 同 in addition to, also, what’s more
例句: What do you like to do besides swimming 除游泳外你还喜欢什么
辨析: besides 表“除...以外还有”，包括besides之后的部分在内；except 表示从整体中除去部分，排除或不包括在内；except for 可以表示“除了”(=except)，还可表示修正主句的结论或观点；except that 也是表示修正主句的内容，但接从句。apart from 既指包括在内，也指排除在外相当于besides和except。
串记: My home lies beside a supermarket. Besides, there is a cinema in back of it. Besides the two advantages, the school I attend is only two stops away.我家在一家超市旁边。此外，在它的后面有一个电影院。除了这两个优点，我就读的学校只有两站远。
Become (动词): 成为，变得。
拓展:
become of 发生...事
become + adj. 变得...
例句:
He has become a famous writer. 他成为了一个著名的作家。
What will become of the children if their parents both die 如果他们的父母都死了，这些孩子会怎么样呢？
辨析: become 着重指逐渐变化的过程；get 则指变化的结果，着重指最终达到的状态。
串记: After graduation, she became a teacher. She gets used to this job and becomes an experienced teacher. 毕业后，她成为了一名教师。她逐渐习惯了这份工作，并成为了一名有经验的教师。
3. 词根 "Birth" (表示“出生”)
Birth (名词): 出生，诞生。
拓展:
at birth 在出生时
by birth 生来就，天生就；在血统上
birth date/rate 出生日期/率
give birth to 生育，生；产生，造成
birthday n. 生日
birthplace n. 出生地；发源地
例句:
It was in Asia that the world's greatest cultures had their birth. 世界上最伟大的文化都起源于亚洲。
She is English by birth but French by marriage. 她是英国血统,但嫁给了法国人而加入了法国国籍。
串记: Grandmother gave birth to nine children in all, as the birth rate then was high. Grandma was poor, but able by birth. In order to earn her living she travelled around. She remembered every child's birthday and birthplace to the end of her life. 奶奶一共生了9个孩子，当时出生率很高。奶奶出生贫穷，但是天生能干。为了生计辗转各地。但是她到死是都记得每一个孩子的生日和出生地。
4. 前缀 "A-" (表示“在...上”，“在...里”，“到...”或“朝...”)
Aboard (介词): 在（船、飞机、火车或公共汽车）上。
拓展: 同 on board
例句:
All the passengers on board were amazed at the beautiful scenes along the banks. 船上所有的乘客都被岸边美丽的景色惊呆了。
串记: The board of the boarding school decided to send the boarders to the beach for a bath. When they boarded the buses, they burst out cheering. They laughed and sang on board all the way. 学校董事会决定把寄宿生送到海滩去洗澡。他们登上公共汽车时，突然欢呼起来，他们一路上又笑又唱。
Ago (副词): 以前。
辨析: before 以前，可以单独使用，位于句末；也可以放在一段时间以后，表示以过去为起点的一段时间以前，常与过去完成时连用；此外，before还可用作介词、连词: 在…以前。ago 以前，放在一段时间以后表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前，与一般过去时连用。
5. 后缀 "-er" (构成表示执行动作的人或事物的名词)
Beginner (名词): 初学者。
例句:
To begin with, a beginner must have a positive attitude before learning. He has to stick to the approach from beginning to end. 首先，初学者在学习前必须有一个积极的态度。他必须从头到尾坚持这个方法。
Beggar (名词): 乞丐。
例句:
A beggar begged a beauty for a dollar. But a policeman banned him from begging in the street. 一个乞丐向一位美女乞讨一美元。但是一个警察禁止他在街上乞讨。
6. 后缀 "-ing" (构成名词或形容词)
Beginning (名词): 开始，起点。
拓展:
at the beginning of 在…开头
in the beginning开始时，起初
from beginning to end从头到尾
例句: At the beginning of junior middle school, I began to admire scientists. 在初中开始的时候，我开始崇拜科学家。
串记: To begin with, a beginner must have a positive attitude before learning. He has to stick to the approach from beginning to end. 首先，初学者在学习前必须有一个积极的态度。他必须从头到尾坚持这个方法。
Belonging (名词): 所有物。
Belongings (名词复数): 财物，所有物。
Boring (形容词): 无聊的，令人厌烦的。
拓展:
bored a. (感到)无聊的
be bored with 对…感到厌烦
boring a. 令人无聊的；烦人的
boredom n. 厌倦; 令人厌烦的事物
例句: People appear to be bored with more and more tests. 人们似乎对越来越多考试感到厌烦了。
串记: In the beginning, the assistant found boring boards was boring. He was not only bored with his work but also life was a boredom to him. But now he is absorbed in work all day. 起初，助理觉得给板子钻孔很无聊。他不仅对工作感到厌倦，对生活也感到厌倦。但是现在他整天都在专心工作。
7. 其他词根和词缀
Before (介词，连词，副词): 在...之前，在...前面，以前。
拓展:
before long 不久以后
long before 很久以前
before it is too late在为时太晚之前，趁还来得及
before sb. could do shth. 某人还没来得及走某事就
It＋be＋（not）时间段＋before 从句 “过（没过）多久才（就）……”
例句:
The guide asked the tourists to get on the bus before they could take some photos.游客们还没来得及拍照，导游就要求他们上车。
It will be two hours before I can afford time to pick up my son.要过两个小时，我才能抽出时间接我儿子。
It won't be long before we meet again.过不了多久我们就会再见面的。
串记: I had never entered the basement before. Yesterday, my assistant rushed out of it before it was too late. The fire did some damage to it. Before long, it will be repaired. 我以前从未进过地下室。昨天，我的助手趁还来得及冲了出来。大火对它造成了一些损害。不久，它就会被修好。
Beg (动词): 乞求，恳求。
拓展:
beg (sb.)for sth. (向某人)乞求某物
beg (sb.) to do sth. 恳求(某人)做某物
I beg your pardon. 请再说一遍。
beggar n. 乞丐
例句: The applicant begged the manager to give his another chance. 申请人恳求经理再给他一次机会。
串记: A beggar begged a beauty for a dollar. But a policeman banned him from begging in the street. 一个乞丐向一位美女乞讨一美元。但是一个警察禁止他在街上乞讨。
Begin (动词): 开始。
拓展:
(1)begin doing/to do sth. 开始做某事
begin with由……开始
begin by(doing)从(做)……开始，首先做……
begin on(upon)着手于……
to begin with首先，最初，开始
(2)beginner n. 初学者，创始人
(3)beginning n. 开始，起点
例句:
At the beginning of junior middle school, I began to admire scientists. 在初中开始的时候，我开始崇拜科学家。
串记: To begin with, a beginner must have a positive attitude before learning. He has to stick to the approach from beginning to end. 首先，初学者在学习前必须有一个积极的态度。他必须从头到尾坚持这个方法。
Blame (名词，动词): 责备，归咎，把...归咎于。
拓展:
(1)blame sb./sth. for sth.因某事而责备某人/某事
blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上
be to blame (for sth.) 对(某事)负有责任
(2)take the blame (for) (为……)承担责任
lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb. (把某事)归咎于某人
例句:
Don't always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame ．不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时该怪的是你自己。
The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the lorry driver that should take the blame for it. 警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此负责。
Instead of blaming each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.我们应该多交流，换位思考而不是相互责怪。
串记: The parents are blaming each other for the child's education. Who is to blame and who will take the blame for the wrong education 父母们互相指责孩子的教育。谁该受责备，谁应该为错误教育承担责任？
Blow (动词，名词): 吹，刮风，吹气。
拓展:
blow away (风)刮走
blow down 吹倒，吹落
blow off 刮掉，吹走
blow out 吹媳；爆裂
blow up 爆发；爆炸；使充气
a blow to sb. 对某人的打击
例句: The repairman was blowing up the tire when it blew out. 修理工正在给轮胎打气，它突然爆了。
串记: A typhoon blew away their belongings and blew down all the crops. It blew out all the candles though the doors were shut. Besides, a bad guy attempted to blow up her house. It was a heavy blow to her. 台风刮走了他们的财物，刮倒了所有的庄稼。尽管门关着，它还是吹灭了所有的蜡烛。此外，一个坏人企图炸毁她的房子。这对她是一个沉重的打击。
Board (名词，动词): 木板，登上（交通工具）。
拓展:
on board(同aboard) 在船(火车、飞机)上
boarding school 寄宿学校
boarding pass 登机证
boarder n. 寄膳者，寄宿生
billboard n. 广告牌，布告板
blackboard n. 黑板
例句: All the passengers on board were amazed at the beautiful scenes along the banks. 船上所有的乘客都被岸边美丽的景色惊呆了。
串记: The board of the boarding school decided to send the boarders to the beach for a bath. When they boarded the buses, they burst out cheering. They laughed and sang on board all the way. 学校董事会决定把寄宿生送到海滩去洗澡。他们登上公共汽车时，突然欢呼起来，他们一路上又笑又唱。
Bore (动词): 使厌烦，使厌倦。
拓展:
bored a. (感到)无聊的
be bored with 对…感到厌烦
boring a. 令人无聊的；烦人的
boredom n. 厌倦; 令人厌烦的事物
例句: People appear to be bored with more and more tests. 人们似乎对越来越多考试感到厌烦了。
串记: In the beginning, the assistant found boring boards was boring. He was not only bored with his work but also life was a boredom to him. But now he is absorbed in work all day. 起初，助理觉得给板子钻孔很无聊。他不仅对工作感到厌倦，对生活也感到厌倦。但是现在他整天都在专心工作。
Borrow (动词): 借入。
拓展:
borrow sth. from 从…借某物
例句: We can also borrow some books on this topic from the libary. 我们也能从图书馆借一些关于这个论题的书籍。
辨析: borrow (from) 借进，借来(不延续)；**lend (to)**借出，借走 (不延续)； keep保持，保留(延续)。
串记: You can borrow money from others meanwhile you can lend money to others. 你可以向别人借钱，同时你也可以借钱给别人。
Bother (动词): 打扰，麻烦。
拓展:
(1) bother to do/doing sth.费心做某事
bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother about/with sth./sb. 为某事而烦恼/为某人而费心
It bothers sb.that ... 使某人苦恼的是……
(2)put sb. to bother 给某人添乱
bothered a. 烦（恼）的; 感到讨厌的
bothersome a. 麻烦的; 令人讨厌的
例句:
You don't bother getting/to get dinner for me today. I'll eat out. 今天不要麻烦为我预备饭了，我要在外边吃。
One should not be bothered about/with one's personal gains or losses. 一个人不应当为个人得失而烦恼。
I don't want to put him to any bother,so I try doing it by myself. 我不想给他添乱，所以，我试着靠自己做这件事。
串记: The chores are really bothersome and tiresome. The employee does not bother to do them. 这些杂务真是既麻烦又累人。员工不会费心去做。
Break (动词，名词): 打破，弄坏，休息，间断。
拓展:
break down 出故障，垮掉；失败；(化学)分解
break in 打断；闯入强行进入
break into 闯入; 破门而入
break off 折断；突然停止，暂停
break out 爆发；突发
break through突破; 突围; 有重要创见
break up 打碎，破碎；结束；解散
break up with 与…分手，与…断绝关系
breakthrough 突破(性进展)
have/take a break 休息一下
breakage n. 破坏，破损；裂口
例句:
Scientists hope to break through soon in their fight against heart disease. 科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面能很快有所突破。
Old fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters. 在灾难中，当无线网络出故障时，老式的电话就显得很重要了。
When the computer broke down, it broke off their work, so the researchers took a break. 当电脑坏了，他们的工作也中断了，所以研究人员休息了一下。
串记: When the expert was going to break through, his wife broke in. A quarrel broke out between them. In the end, he broke up with her. 专家正要破门而入时，他的妻子闯了进来。他们之间爆发了一场争吵。最后，他和她分手了。
Breath (名词): 呼吸，气息。
拓展:
catch one’s breath 踹口气
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
out of breath 喘不过气来，上气不接下气
breathless a. 喘不过气来的；停止呼吸的
breathe /bri / v. 呼吸
例句: There is a time when it seems there's not a minute to catch your breath. 有一段时间，你似乎连喘口气的时间都没有。
串记: Breathe in, and breathe out, and pay attention to your breath as it comes in and goes out. 吸气，然后呼气，当气体吸进去和呼出去时把注意力都集中在你的呼吸上。
Brief (形容词): 简短的，短暂的。
拓展:
hold no brief for 不为……辩护,不主张
in brief 简单地说，简而言之
briefly ad. 短暂地；简略地
形近词：grief 悲痛，忧伤
例句: This is my brief introduction of myself. 这是我简要的介绍我自己。
串记: In brief, the paper is rather difficult to me. could you please explain it briefly 简而言之，这篇论文对我来说相当难。你能简单解释一下吗
Bright (形容词): 明亮的，聪明的。
拓展:
bright sunshine明媚的阳光
a bright smile愉快的微笑
bright clothes 鲜艳的衣裳
the bright future光明的未来
brighten v. 明亮；(使)变亮；活跃；(使)快乐高兴
brightness n.明亮，辉煌；鲜艳；聪明；晴朗；快活
brightly ad. 明亮地; 鲜明地; 生辉地
例句: The room is very bright with all the lights on. 所有的灯都打开，教室里非常明亮。
串记: Bright kids really brighten a household; they never turn off any lights. When they grow in such a bright family, they usually have a bright future. 伶俐的孩子确实点亮了一个家，他们从未熄灭过一盏灯。当他们生长在这样一个欢乐的家庭，他们通常有一个光明的未来。
Bring (动词): 带来，拿来。
拓展:
bring about 带来，引起，导致
bring along 带来，使发展
bring back拿回来; 使…恢复; 使…回忆起来
bring…back to life 使起死回生；使复活
bring down 降低; 打倒/死; 击落
bring forward提出；提前
bring in引进; 收获
bring on 导致; 引起; 使…发展
bring out出版，生产；使显示；说出
bring up提出; 教育; 养育; 呕出
例句:
The great damage which the earthquake brought about made many people homeless or lose their lives. 地震所带来的巨大损害使许多人失去家园或者丧生。
Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school grades. 帮助孩子做作业的父母或许实际上正使孩子们的成绩降低。
All the children should be brought up to respect their parents and teachers. 所有的孩子都应该长大，以尊重他们的父母和老师。
辨析: bring(从别处)带来；take (从这里)拿/取走；fetch(从这里出发到别处去)取/接来(回到原处)。
串记: The boss brought forward an idea to bring in a new technology to bring out new products. They brought down their rivals. The company brought in great benefit and brought the firm back to life. 老板提出了引进新技术以生产新产品的想法。他们打败了对手。这家公司带来了巨大的利益，使公司起死回生。高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part four (词根词缀排序)
1. soci（同伴，盟友）
associate (v.)：联想，联系，交往；(n.)：合伙人，同事
拓展词组:
associate with 与…交往,联系；跟……交友
associate …with 把…与…联系在一起
associated (a.) 联系的，有关的
be associated with 与……相联系
association (n.) 联想/系；关联；交往；协会，联盟
in association with 与……联合，与……有关
例句: Poets associate roses with love. (诗人把玫瑰与爱情联系在一起。)
近义词辨析:
connect: 连接，指具体的事物连接在一起。
relate: 关联，指在思想或意义上有关联。
combine: 结合，指将不同的事物合并成一个整体。
串记: The poor boy associates with some bad guys, but his failure isn't associated with his association with them. However, his parents associate the failure with it. (这个可怜的男孩与一些坏人交往，但他的失败与他与他们的交往无关。然而他的父母把失败与之联系在一起。)
2. ton（雷声）
astonish (v.)：使惊讶，使震惊
拓展词组:
astonished (adj.) 感到惊讶的，吃惊的
be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
be astonished at/by sth. 对某事感到惊讶
astonishing (adj.) 令人惊讶的
astonishment (n.) 惊骇；令人惊讶的事物
to one’s astonishment 令人惊讶的是
in astonishment 惊讶/奇地
例句: I was astonished at/by the news that twelve Chinese crew were kidnapped and killed in Thailand. (我对中国的12名船员在泰国被绑架杀害的消息感到震惊。)
近义词辨析:
surprise: 使惊讶，程度比astonish轻。
amaze: 使惊奇，程度比astonish强。
串记: To our astonishment, the boss wasn't astonished at the astonishing news that our team lost the match. And we all looked at him in astonishment. (使我们吃惊的是，老板对于我们队比赛失败的令人震惊的消息并不感到惊奇。我们都吃惊地看着他。)
3. tend（伸展，指向）
attend (v.)：出席，参加；照顾，照料
拓展词组:
attend on/upon 服侍，照料
attend to 照顾；处理，对付；注意；关心
attend school/church 上学/去教堂(名词前无冠词)
attend a meeting/lecture 出席会议/听演讲
attend a wedding/funeral 参加婚礼/葬礼
attendance (n.) 出席/勤；出席人数
attendant (n.) 服务员，伺者；随从
例句: I can't go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend to. (今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。)
近义词辨析:
participate: 参与，侧重加入并成为其中的一部分。
join: 加入，成为其中一员。
串记: Attending a lecture, you should attend to what the lecturer says. And your grades will be assessed according to your attendance. (听讲座时，你应该注意听讲人讲的话。你的成绩将根据你的出勤率来评定。)
4. vid（看见）
avoid (v.)：避免，躲避
拓展词组:
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
avoidable (a.) 可以避免的 (反unavoidable)
avoidance (n.) 避免，逃避；废止
例句: He dislikes her and often avoids being met by her in any occasion． (他不喜欢她，经常避免在任何场合遇见她。)
近义词辨析:
prevent: 阻止，侧重预先采取措施使某事不发生。
escape: 逃脱，侧重摆脱困境或危险。
串记: All motorists should avoid driving after drinking. If so, most accidents are avoidable. (所有驾车者应避免酒后驾驶。如果是这样，大多数事故都是可以避免的。)
5. ward（守护，看守）
award (v.)：授予，颁发；(n.)：奖品，奖赏
拓展词组:
award sth. to sb. ＝award sb. sth. 把某物颁发给某人
win/receive/get an award for... 因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项
例句: The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race. (金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。)
近义词辨析:
reward: 奖赏，侧重对努力或成就的回报。
prize: 奖品，通常指竞赛或比赛的奖品。
串记: After being awarded, he announced “So at this lovely night, I get the award, they own the hon-or. ” (获奖之后，他宣布因此在这个可爱的夜晚，我获得了这个奖项，而荣誉属于他们。)
6. ware（警惕，意识到）
aware (adj.)：知道的，意识到的
拓展词组:
be aware of 知道，意识到，觉察到
be aware that 从句 知道
awareness (n.) 意/认识; 明白，知道
raise the awareness of 提高…的意识
例句: She was not aware of her danger. (她没有意识到危险。)
近义词辨析:
conscious: 有意识的，侧重指清醒的，感知周围环境的。
know: 知道，侧重指掌握信息或知识。
串记: Many people are still not aware of the association between smoking and lung cancer. Something must be done to raise their awareness of risk of health. (许多人仍然不知道吸烟和肺癌之间的联系。必须采取措施提高他们对健康风险的认识。)
7. bas（低，底部）
base (n.)：基础，底部；基地；(v.)：基于，以…为基础
拓展词组:
base A on B 让A以B为基础，把A建立在B上
be based on 以…为基础
be based in 位于，总部设在
at the base of 在……底部
basement (n.) 地下室，地窖
basic (a.) 基础/本的
basically (ad.) 基本上，主要地
basis (n.) 基础；根据
on the basis of 以…为基础/根据
例句: We must base ourselves on the interests of the people. (我们一定要从人民的利益出发。)
近义词辨析:
foundation: 基础，侧重指建筑物或组织的根基。
ground: 地面，土地，也可指基础。
串记: Our company, which is based on the idea that the customer is God, is based in the downtown. It is expensive there. Some clerks sleep in the basement. (我们公司的总部设在市中心，以“顾客就是上帝”的理念为基础。那里很贵。一些职员睡在地下室。)
8. beau（美丽的）
beauty (n.)：美，美丽
拓展词组:
beautiful (a.) 美丽的；迷人的；出色的
beautiful flowers(music，scenery，weather)美丽的花朵(悦耳的音乐、优美的风景、宜人的天气)
the true，the good and the beautifuI 真善美
beautify (v.) (使)美化，(使)变美
例句: The tourists are attached to the beauty of nature. (旅游者被大自然的美所吸引。)
近义词辨析:
pretty: 漂亮的，侧重指小巧玲珑的美。
handsome: 英俊的，侧重指男性的美。
串记: It is human nature to love beauty, so everyone wants to look beautiful. But when a girl attempts to beautify herself, her beauty must be based on health and safety. (爱美是人类的天性，所以每个人都想看起来漂亮。但是当一个女孩试图美化自己时，她的美丽必须建立在健康和安全的基础上。)
9. fer（携带，承担）
bear (v.)：承担，忍受；生育
拓展词组:
bear…in mind/bear in mind that从句 把…牢记
bear responsibilities 承担责任
can’t bear to do/doing sth. 不能容忍做某事
can’t bear sb. doing sth. 不能容忍某人做某事
例句: I can't bear young people casting away their youth. (我无法忍受年轻人虚掷青春。)
近义词辨析:
stand: 忍受，侧重指勉强忍受。
tolerate: 容忍，侧重指允许他人做自己不喜欢的事。
串记: Uncle Tom volunteers to bear the responsibility of protecting the bear that has borne four babies. He can’t bear hunters hunting them. (汤姆叔叔自愿承担起保护那只生了四个孩子的熊的责任。他不能忍受猎人捕猎他们。)
10. bal（摇摆，晃动）
balance (n.)：平衡；(v.)：使平衡
拓展词组:
(1)the balance of nature 自然平衡
keep/lose/break the balance 保持/失去/打破平衡
on balance 总的来说
(2)balance ...against ... 把……与……进行权衡
balance ... with ... 使……与……平衡
(3)balanced (adj.) 平衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡
例句: So I suggest you should keep the balance between your study and entertainment, such as doing sports, listening to music and so on. (因此，我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡，如做运动、听音乐等。)
近义词辨析:
equilibrium: 平衡，指力量或影响的平衡。
stability: 稳定，指不易改变或动摇的状态。
串记: Even if you have no balance in the bank card, you should have a balanced diet, you should eat fruit every day, and eat more vegetables. If you lose your balance, you will fall ill. (即使你的银行卡上没有余额，你也应该有一个平衡的饮食，你应该每天吃水果，多吃蔬菜。如果你失去平衡，你就会生病。)
11. back (ad./adj./n./v.)：回，向后；后面的；背后；支持
拓展词组:
at the back of 在……背后，在……后面
in the back of 在……的后部(同behind)
back and forth 来回，往返；援助
back down 放弃；让步；退却
back off 退出；不坚持
back up 支持；向后退，倒退
keep sb．back 阻止某人向前
keep sth．back 留下，保留；隐瞒，不告诉
background (n.) 背景
backpack (n.) 背包
backstage (n.) 后台，在/向后台
backward (a. & ad.) 向后(的) (反forward)；落后的
backwards (ad.) 向后
例句: He walked back and forth, with the hands behind his back, looking very annoyed. (他来回走着，双手放在背后，看上去很生气。)
近义词辨析:
behind: 在…后面，指位置上的后方。
reverse: 相反的，反面的。
串记: A boy sitting at the back of the room rose and put his backpack on his back. Walking out to the hill in back of the house. Nobody knew anything about his background except that he is from a backward village. (坐在房间后面的一个男孩站起来，把背包背在背上。走到房子后面的山上。除了知道他来自一个了落后的山村以外没有人知道他的背景。)
12. bad (adj.)：坏的，不好的
拓展词组:
be bad for 对…不利；对…有害
be bad at 不善于，不擅长
go bad 变坏，开始腐坏
go from bad to worse 每况愈下，越来越糟
badly (ad.) 非常，很；严重地，厉害地；恶劣地
badly off 潦倒的(反well-off)
例句: Shy people are bad at associating with others. (害羞的人不善于与人交往。)
近义词辨析:
terrible: 糟糕的，可怕的，程度比bad强。
awful: 糟糕的，令人不快的，程度比bad强。
串记: The food has gone bad. It will be bad for our health if we eat it. The condition of the fridge is going from bad to worse. It needs repairing badly. (食物变坏了。如果我们吃它会对我们的健康有害。冰箱的状况越来越糟了。它急需修理。)
13. ban (v.)：禁止，取缔；(n.)：禁令
拓展词组:
the ban on (doing) sth. 对(做)某事的禁令
ban … from doing sth. 禁止…做某事
lift(remove)the ban 解禁
place (put)under a ban 禁止
例句: We should ban smoking not only in public, but also at home. (我们不仅要在公共场合禁烟，在家里也要禁止吸烟。)
近义词辨析:
forbid: 禁止，语气比ban强，更正式。
prohibit: 禁止，语气比ban强，更正式。
串记: The ban which bans women from working outside shall be lifted. (禁止妇女外出工作的禁令应予解除。)
14. bath (n.)：洗澡；浴缸
拓展词组:
have/take a bath 洗澡
bathe /be / (v.) 沐浴，洗澡
bathroom (n.) 浴室；厕所；盥洗室
bathtub(tub) (n.) 浴缸；浴/澡盆
例句: In summer, you should bathe your cat once every day. (在夏天，你应该每天给你的猫洗一次澡。)
近义词辨析:
shower: 淋浴
串记: The bathtub is nice but the bathroom is under repair, so we can’t have a bath indoor. But you can bathe in the river below. (浴缸很好，但是浴室正在修理，所以我们不能在室内洗澡。但是你可以在下面的河里洗澡。)
15. attach / 't t / (v.) 系，贴，连接；附加/属
拓展词组:
attach sth. to sth. 把某物系/贴到某物上
attach oneself to sb./sth. 依附于某人；参加某事
attach importance/significance to 认为……重要/有意义
attached (a.) 依附的；爱/依恋的
be attached to 依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于
attachment (n.) 依附；附属物；依恋，爱慕
例句: You are required to attach an introduction to your innovation so that others can know how to use it. (要求你们对自己的创意作品附上说明，以便其他人能够知道如何使用。)
近义词辨析:
connect: 连接，指将两个或更多事物连接在一起。
tie: 捆绑，系，指用绳子或其他材料将物体捆绑在一起。
串记: This hospital is attached to a university and the government attaches importance to it. However, the doctors and nurses are not attached to it. (这家医院隶属于一所大学，政府非常重视。然而，医生和护士对它并无依恋。)
16. attack / 't k / (vt.) 袭击；攻击；抨击；(疾病)侵袭 (n.) 攻击；进攻；抨击；病情发作
拓展词组:
(1)attack sb. for sth. 由于某事而责难某人
attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人
be attacked with a disease 患病
(2)launch/make an attack on/upon ...对……发动进攻
under attack 受到攻击
例句: The computer attacked by some unknown virus can't work well now. (被一些未知病毒攻击的计算机现在不能正常工作。)
近义词辨析:
assault: 攻击， 侧重指突然而猛烈的攻击。
invade: 入侵，侵略，指进入并占领。
串记: The government has come under attack for not doing enough to deal with terrorism. (政府由于在反恐方面没有做出足够的努力而受到攻击。)
17. attempt / 'tem(p)t/ (vt. & n.) 试/企图，尝试；努力(同try)
拓展词组:
(1)attempt to do...尝试(试图)做……
(2)make an attempt to do/(at) doing...尝试做……
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
(3)attempted (adj.) (只位于名词前)企图的，未遂的
例句: Don’t attempt to do more than you can realistically accomplish in 90 days. (不要试图在90天内完成你实际上不可能完成的事情。)
近义词辨析:
try: 尝试，努力，更为常用。
串记: In an attempt to support himself, he made an attempt to take up a part-time job. After the failure of some attempts, he made no more attempt. (为了养活自己，他试图做一份兼职工作。在一些尝试失败后，他不再尝试了。)
18. average /' v( )r d / (a.) 平均的；普通的；(n.) 平均数；一般水平
拓展词组:
an average of 平均有(后跟数词)……
the average of... ……的平均数
up to the average 达到平均水平
on (an/the) average 平均；一般地
例句: Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, an average of 40,000 per year．(去年毕业时有驾照的学生数量已达到20万，平均每年4万。)
近义词辨析:
mean: 平均数，指数学上的平均数。
normal: 正常的，一般的，指符合标准或预期的情况。
串记: Attendant is an average job. Their pay is 2000 dollars on average. (服务员是一份普通的工作。他们的平均工资是2000美元。)
19. attitude /' t tju d/ (n.) 态度；看法
拓展词组:
attitude to/towards ...对……的态度/看法
have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards ... 对……持肯定/否定的态度
take/adopt a(n) ...attitude 采取……的态度
in a(n)...attitude 以……态度
例句: Age has ripened his attitude to/towards some things. (随着年龄的增长，他对某些事情的看法日趋成熟。)
近义词辨析:
view: 看法，观点，侧重指对事物的认识或理解。
opinion: 意见，看法，侧重指个人的想法或判断。
串记: Attitudes to work vary from person to person. Some have a positive attitude to it, while others take a negative attitude towards it. Different attitudes lead to different results. (对工作的态度因人而异。有些人对此持积极态度，而另一些人则持消极态度。不同的态度导致不同的结果。)
20. attract / 'tr kt/ (v.) 吸引，引起(……的兴趣)
拓展词组:
(1)attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
attract sb. to sb./sth. 引起某人对某人/某物的注意
(2)attractive (adj.) 吸引人的；迷人的，有魅力的
be attractive to 对……有吸引力
(3)attraction (n.) [U]吸引(力)；[C]具有吸引力的人/物
have no attraction for sb. 对某人没有吸引力
例句: What first attracted me to him was his sense of humor. (他首先吸引我的是他的幽默感。)
近义词辨析:
charm: 吸引，迷住，侧重指以个人魅力吸引他人。
fascinate: 使着迷，使神魂颠倒，侧重指强烈地吸引注意力。
串记: The attractive applicant makes full use of her attraction in an effort to get the job which is attractive to her. (具有吸引力的求职者充分利用自己的吸引力，努力得到对自己有吸引力的工作。)高考英语核心词汇拓展 Part one (词根词缀排序)
1. -able/-ible (形容词后缀，表示“能够……的”)
able: able, unable, enable, disable
o 拓展: be able to do sth. (能够做某事), ability (能力), to the best of one’s ability (竭尽全力)
o 例句: His ability enables him to get a good job. (他的能力让他找到一个好工作。)
o 串记: Though disabled, he didn’t abandon himself. He is able to support himself. His disability is unable to stop him from living normally. (他虽然残疾，但是没有自暴自弃。他能够养活自己。他的残疾不能妨碍他正常生活。)
achievable: achievable, unachievable
o 拓展: achieve one’s aims/goals (达到目标), achieve success (获得成功), achievement (成就), a sense of achievement (成就感)
o 例句: Thinking the goal is unachievable, he plans to desert it. (认为目标无法实现，他打算放弃。)
o 串记: Admittedly, the new environment takes a while to adapt to. But you have to make active adjustment immediately. Or you won’t be admitted into the university. (不可否认的是，需要一段时间才能适应新环境。但是你要做出积极的调整。否则，你不会被大学录取。)
2. -er/-or (名词后缀，表示“人”)
actor/actress: actor, actress
o 拓展: act as (担任……职务), act on/upon (按照……而行事), act out (把……表演出来)
o 例句: Actually, the hero is acted by an actress. She takes action to achieve success. (实际上，那个主角是一个女演员演的。她采取行动获得了成功。)
o 串记: As a boy, the actor took an active part in activities after school. (还是男孩时，这位演员就积极参加课外活动。)
accountant: accountant
o 拓展: accounting (会计学), account for (解释，说明)
o 例句: Many students plan to work as an accountant, accounting for 30 percent. (许多学生计划成为会计师，占30%。)
o 串记: The accountant admitted making mistakes when adding up the numbers. (会计在加数字的时候承认犯了错误。)
admirer: admirer
o 拓展: admire sb. for sth. (因某事而钦佩某人), admire to do sth. (喜欢做), admirable (令人钦佩的), admiration (钦佩)
o 例句: He was really an admirable hero and all the surrounding people gave him admiring cheers. (他真是一个令人钦佩的英雄，围观的人都给与他钦佩的欢呼。)
o 串记: Though he had great achievement(s), he was not accepted as an academician. (虽然他有伟大的成就，他仍然没有被接纳为院士。)
addresser/addressee: addresser, addressee
o 拓展: address (地址；演讲), deliver/draft out an address (发表/起草演说), give/make a closing/opening/funeral address (致闭幕/开幕/悼词)
o 例句: The president gave an address on the scene, calling on people to address the serious problem together. (总统在现场发表讲话，呼吁人们共同解决这个严重的问题。)
o 辨析: speech (一般发言或讲话), address (正式演说或讲演), lecture (学术演讲), talk (非正式的演说，谈话或通俗的学术演讲)
3. -ment (名词后缀，表示“行为，状态”)
achievement: achievement
o 拓展: achieve one’s aims/goals (达到目标), achieve success (获得成功), a sense of achievement (成就感)
o 例句: In the last few years，China has made great achievements in environmental protection. (近几年来，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。)
o 点津: achievement 作“完成，达到”解时为不可数名词；作“成就，功绩”解时是可数名词。
adjustment: adjustment
o 拓展: adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth. (适应做某事), adjustable (可调整的；可适应的)
o 例句: Because of the economic crisis, they had to make many adjustments to the price of oil. (由于经济危机，他们不得不对石油的价格进行了许多调整。)
o 串记: If you don’t make any immediate adjustment, you won’t adapt to the change right away. (如果你不立即做出调整，你就不会马上适应这种变化。)
admission: admission
o 拓展: admit doing/having done sth. (承认做/做过某事), admit sb. to/into (准许某人进入……), be admitted to/into (被接收), admit that (承认……)
o 例句: With the help of the teachers he had made rapid progress in his studies. At last he was admitted to/into a famous university. (在老师的帮助下，他的学习取得了快速的进步。最后他被一所著名大学录取了。)
o 串记: Admittedly, the new environment takes a while to adapt to. But you have to make active adjustment immediately. Or you won’t be admitted into the university. (不可否认的是，需要一段时间才能适应新环境。但是你要做出积极的调整。否则，你不会被大学录取。)
absorption: absorption
o 拓展: absorb/attract/draw one's attention (吸引某人的注意力), be absorbed by/into (为……所吸收), absorbed (全神贯注的), absorbing (十分吸引人的)
o 例句: Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. (几分钟的时间酒精就会被吸收到血流中并开始对大脑起作用。)
o 串记: Only if you are absorbed in what you are reading can you absorb the main point. (只有当你全神贯注于你所读的东西时，你才能吸收要点。)
addiction: addiction
o 拓展: addict oneself to (溺于……), be/become/get addicted to (沉迷于), addictive (使人上瘾的)
o 例句: Some students are now fighting their addiction to computer games. (现在一些学生正努力戒除电脑游戏瘾。)
o 串记: Playing computer games can be a dangerous addiction. It often starts as a hobby, but it is so addictive that many young people are addicted to it. Sometimes the addict will break the law in order to play these games. (玩电脑游戏可能是一种危险的成瘾。它往往开始作为一种爱好，但它是如此上瘾，许多年轻人沉迷于它。有时瘾君子会为了玩这些游戏而触犯法律。)
4. -ive (形容词后缀，表示“有……性质的”)
active: active, inactive
o 拓展: take an active part in (积极参加), activity (活动；行动；活跃)
o 例句: Actually, the hero is acted by an actress. She takes action to achieve success. (实际上，那个主角是一个女演员演的。她采取行动获得了成功。)
o 串记: As a boy, the actor took an active part in activities after school. (还是男孩时，这位演员就积极参加课外活动。)
accessible: accessible
o 拓展: access to (……的通路；……的权利), have/get/gain/obtain access to (得以接近/会见/进入)
o 例句: All the sites are free to the public and accessible to anyone with an Internet connection. (所有这些网站都是免费向公众开放的，通过互联网，任何人都可登陆。)
o 串记: The information should be accessible to all. Namely, everyone has access to it. (信息应该向所有人公开。即，人人都可以获取信息。)
acceptable: acceptable, unacceptable
o 拓展: accept … as (把……认作为……), accepted (普遍接受的，一般公认的), acceptant (愿接受的，开放的), acceptance (接受；接纳；赞同)
o 例句: I cannot accept you as my assistant. (我不能答应你当我的助手。)
o 串记: Your apology is unacceptable, so I refuse to accept it. (你的道歉不可接受，因此我拒绝接受。)
addictive: addictive
o 拓展: addict oneself to (溺于……), be/become/get addicted to (沉迷于), addiction (瘾，入迷，嗜好)
o 例句: Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression. (有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。)
o 串记: Playing computer games can be a dangerous addiction. It often starts as a hobby, but it is so addictive that many young people are addicted to it. Sometimes the addict will break the law in order to play these games. (玩电脑游戏可能是一种危险的成瘾。它往往开始作为一种爱好，但它是如此上瘾，许多年轻人沉迷于它。有时瘾君子会为了玩这些游戏而触犯法律。)
absorptive: absorbing
o 拓展: absorb/attract/draw one's attention (吸引某人的注意力), be absorbed by/into (为……所吸收), absorbed (全神贯注的), absorption (吸收；全神贯注，专心致志)
o 例句: The writer was absorbed in his writing so that he forgot to have his lunch. (这位作家专注于写作，结果忘了吃午饭。)
o 串记: Only if you are absorbed in what you are reading can you absorb the main point. (只有当你全神贯注于你所读的东西时，你才能吸收要点。)
additive: additive
o 拓展: add to (增加；增添), add (that) (补充说), addition (加；加法；增加), in addition (另外), in addition to (除……之外)
o 例句: We will not be using these additional functions. (我们不打算使用这些额外的功能。)
o 串记: In addition, if you add no one to your list, then only you can access your files. (此外，如果您的列表中没有添加任何人，那么只有您可以访问你的文件。)
actual: actual
o 拓展: actually (实际上；事实上)
o 例句: Actually, the hero is acted by an actress. She takes action to achieve success. (实际上，那个主角是一个女演员演的。她采取行动获得了成功。)
admiring: admiring
o 拓展: admire sb. for sth. (因某事而钦佩某人), admire to do sth. (喜欢做), admirable (令人钦佩的), admiration (钦佩)
o 例句: He gave her an admiring look in the competition. (在比赛中，他向她投以赞赏的一瞥。)
o 串记: He was really an admirable hero and all the surrounding people gave him admiring cheers. (他真是一个令人钦佩的英雄，围观的人都给与他钦佩的欢呼。)
admirable: admirable
o 拓展: admire sb. for sth. (因某事而钦佩某人), admire to do sth. (喜欢做), admirer (爱慕者，钦佩者), admiration (钦佩)
o 例句: He was really an admirable hero and all the surrounding people gave him admiring cheers. (他真是一个令人钦佩的英雄，围观的人都给与他钦佩的欢呼。)
o 串记: Though he had great achievement(s), he was not accepted as an academician. (虽然他有伟大的成就，他仍然没有被接纳为院士。)
5. -ion (名词后缀，表示“行为，过程”)
action: action
o 拓展: act as (担任……职务), act on/upon (按照……而行事), act out (把……表演出来), be in action (在活动), be out of action (失去作用), take action (采取行动)
o 例句: Actually, the hero is acted by an actress. She takes action to achieve success. (实际上，那个主角是一个女演员演的。她采取行动获得了成功。)
o 串记: As a boy, the actor took an active part in activities after school. (还是男孩时，这位演员就积极参加课外活动。)
addition: addition
o 拓展: add to (增加；增添), add (that) (补充说), additive (添加剂/物), in addition (另外), in addition to (除……之外)
o 例句: Add up all the figures and find out what they add up to. (把这些数字加起来，弄清楚总计多少。)
o 串记: In addition, if you add no one to your list, then only you can access your files. (此外，如果您的列表中没有添加任何人，那么只有您可以访问你的文件。)
adaptation: adaptation
o 拓展: adapt (oneself) to (doing) sth. (适应做某事), adapt …from … (根据……改写/改编……), adapt …for … (改/编……为……之用), adaptable (能适应的)
o 例句: The materials can be adapted for use by older children. (这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。)
o 串记: Adaptable animals can adapt to changeable surroundings in a short time. (适应性强的动物能在短时间内适应多变的环境。)
admiration: admiration
o 拓展: admire sb. for sth. (因某事而钦佩某人), admire to do sth. (喜欢做), admirable (令人钦佩的), admirer (爱慕者，钦佩者)
o 例句: He was looking at the picture with admiration. (他正以赞叹的神情赏画。)
o 串记: Though he had great achievement(s), he was not accepted as an academician. (虽然他有伟大的成就，他仍然没有被接纳为院士。)
6. 其他
abandon: abandon, abandoned
o 拓展: abandon oneself to (沉湎于), with abandon (恣意地；放纵地；尽情地)
o 例句: Feeling frustrated, I found I gradually abandoned myself to games. (感到很沮丧，我渐渐地沉迷于游戏中。)
o 辨析: abandon (完全、最终和永久的放弃), desert (故意逃避应尽的义务和职责), give up (主动或自愿地放弃), quit (停止)
o 串记: Since his wife abandoned him，he abandoned himself to alcohol, living on an abandoned farm. (由于他的妻子抛弃了他，他沉迷酒精，住在一个废弃的农场。)
about: about
o 拓展: talk about (谈论), walk about (到处溜达), move about (走来走去), throw about (到处扔), be about to do sth. (正要/即将做某事), be about to do sth. when (即将做某事就…), How/What about… (……怎么样？)
o 例句: How about walking about in the park (去公园里逛逛怎么样？)
o 串记: The disabled man was about to move about when the doctor stopped him. (那个残疾人正要四处走动，医生拦下了 him.)
above: above
o 拓展: above all (首先，首要的是), above one's head (超过…的理解力), above one's income (入不敷出), over and above (除…之外), above sea level (海拔高度)
o 例句: We should value health above wealth. (我们应该重视健康胜于财富。)
o 辨析: above (在……上方，在……之上), over (在……正上方), on (在一个物体的上面)
o 串记: According to the above data, our products have gone above the norm, above all, the meat products. (根据以上数据，我们的所有产品都已经高于标准，尤其是肉类产品。)
abroad: abroad, aboard
o 拓展: at home and abroad (在国内外), be all abroad (茫然不解), from abroad (从国外), get abroad (出去), go [travel] abroad (到外国)
o 例句: He's never been abroad in his life. (他这辈子没出过国。)
o 串记: The disabled man’s experience of struggling abroad moves people at home and abroad. (那位残疾人在国外的奋斗经历感动了国内外的人。)
absent: absent, absence, absent-minded
o 拓展: be absent from … (未出席……), absence from (缺席……), absence of mind (心不在焉，精神恍惚), in the absence of (由于缺乏), during/in one's absence (在某人不在/缺席的时候)
o 例句: However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment. (然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。)
o 串记: Above 5 pupils were absent from class in the head teacher’s absence. (在班主任不在时，超过五个学生翘课。)
absorb: absorb, absorbed
o 拓展: absorb/attract/draw one's attention (吸引某人的注意力), be absorbed by/into (为……所吸收), absorbing (十分吸引人的), absorption (吸收；全神贯注，专心致志)
o 例句: The writer was absorbed in his writing so that he forgot to have his lunch. (这位作家专注于写作，结果忘了吃午饭。)
o 串记: Only if you are absorbed in what you are reading can you absorb the main point. (只有当你全神贯注于你所读的东西时，你才能吸收要点。)
accept: accept, acceptance, accepted
o 拓展: accept … as (把……认作为……), acceptable (可接受的), acceptant (愿接受的，开放的)
o 例句: I have no choice but to accept the challenge. (我没有别的选择只能接受挑战。)
o 辨析: accept (接受，认可), receive (接到，收到)
o 串记: Your apology is unacceptable, so I refuse to accept it. (你的道歉不可接受，因此我拒绝接受。)
access: access
o 拓展: access to (……的通路；……的权利), have/get/gain/obtain access to (得以接近/会见/进入), be easy [hard, difficult] of access (容易[难]接近的), within easy access of (容易去到……的地方)
o 例句: We can get access to various information we need through the screen. (我们可以通过屏幕获得我们需要的各种信息。)
o 串记: The information should be accessible to all. Namely, everyone has access to it. (信息应该向所有人公开。即，人人都可以获取信息。)
accident: accident, accidental, accidentally
o 拓展: by accident (偶然地，意外地), meet with an accident (遭不测), without accident (平安，无恙)
o 例句: She was killed in a trafc accident. (她死于交通事故。)
o 辨析: accident (出于偶然或意料的不幸事故), event (历史上的大事件，或国内外大事或各种隆重活动), incident (小事件或附带事件)
o 串记: Accidentally, the unlucky girl met two accidents at the same spot. (很偶然，这个倒霉的女孩在同一地点遇到了两起事故。)
account: account, accounting
o 拓展: on no account (决不), on account of (因为，由于), on one’s account (为利益), give an account of (报告；叙述；说明), take sth. into account/take account of (对某事加以考虑), turn sth. to account (利用)
o 例句: If you want to study accounting, you must take your interest into account. (如果你想学会计，你必须考虑到你的兴趣。)
o 串记: On account of the dark night, the witness was not able to give a detailed account of the accident. (由于天很黑，证人无法对事故作详细的说明。)
act: act
o 拓展: act as (担任……职务), act on/upon (按照……而行事), act out (把……表演出来), act up to (不辜负，遵照)
o 例句: Actually, the hero is acted by an actress. She takes action to achieve success. (实际上，那个主角是一个女演员演的。她采取行动获得了成功。)
o 串记: As a boy, the actor took an active part in activities after school. (还是男孩时，这位演员就积极参加课外活动。)
address: address
o 拓展: deliver/draft out an address (发表/起草演说), give/make a closing/opening/funeral address (致闭幕/开幕/悼词)
o 例句: At the airport he read an address of welcome on behalf of the association. (在机场他代表该协会致了欢迎词。)
o 串记: The president gave an address on the scene, calling on people to address the serious problem together. (总统在现场发表讲话，呼吁人们共同解决这个严重的问题。)
adjust: adjust, adjustable
o 拓展: adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth. (适应做某事)
o 例句: I do not know how I should adjust my state of mind. (我不知道我应该怎么调整我的心态。)
o 辨析: adapt (作一定程度的改变，以适应新的情况), adjust (作较小的改变)
o 串记: If you don’t make any immediate adjustment, you won’t adapt to the change right away. (如果你不立即做出调整，你就不会马上适应这种变化。)高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part three (词根词缀排序)
一、根: sess = sit 坐
assess / ses/ (v.) 评估/定；估算/价
拓展: assessment (n.) 评价/定；估算/价
例句: Some experts are arranged to assess the effects of the disaster. (一些专家被安排去评估这场灾难的影响。)
串记: A teacher’s assessment of a student has a great effect on his or her development. So it is difficult and important to assess a student. (教师对学生的评价对学生的发展有很大的影响。所以评估一个学生是困难而重要的。)
形近区分: access (通道，进入，获取，使用)；success (成功)；possess (拥有)
二、根: ply = fold 折叠
apply / pla / (v.) 申请；运/应/使用；(对……)适用；涂抹，敷(药)
拓展:
apply (to sb.) for (向某人)申请
apply to do sth. 申请去做某事
apply to 适用于(to为介词)
apply ... to ... 把……运用于……
apply oneself to (＝ be applied to)致力于，集中精力于
application (n.) 请求；申请，申请表；应用
applicant (n.) 申请人
例句:
Over the years, he has applied himself to improving the living conditions of the migrant workers. (数年来，他一直致力于改善农民工的生活条件。)
All people are equal, which should apply to the disabled. (所有的人都是平等的，这应该也适用于残疾人。)
串记: In order to know whether his plan was practical, he first applied it to his work, and then he applied for a study to his company about it. At last he applied himself to it and made necessary changes. (为了知道他的计划是否可行，他先把它应用到工作中，然后向公司申请研究。最后，他致力于这个计划，并作出了必要的改变。)
前缀: ap- = to 向, 趋近
appeal / pi l/ (n. & v.) 上诉；呼吁；吸引(力)；魅力
拓展:
appeal to 呼吁；上诉；恳求；对某人有吸引力，使某人感兴趣
appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事而向某人呼吁
make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁/恳求
make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
appealing (adj.) 吸引人的；恳求的
例句:
Our school appeals to the students to set aside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to raise learning efficiency. (为了提高学习效率，我们学校呼吁学生们每天至少留出一个小时来进行锻炼。)
We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge. (为了建造这座桥，我们呼吁村民捐款。)
串记: Martin Luther King appealed to the blacks to appeal to the highest court against racial discrimination，which greatly appealed to the whole world. (马丁·路德·金呼吁黑人向最高法庭上诉反对种族歧视，这引起了全世界极大的关注。)
appear / p / (v.) 出现(反disappear)；出版(同come out)；似乎，显得(近seem)
拓展:
appear (to be) +n./v. 似乎是
appear to do sth. 似乎做某事
it appears (that)/as if从句 似乎
appearance (n.) (反disappearance)
at first appearance 初看起来
in appearance 外表上，看上去
to(by, from)all appearances 显然
例句:
It appears that he had a taste for music．(看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。)
So far, it appears that China has managed to successfully use its influence. (目前为止，看起来中国已经成功运用了自己的影响力。)
串记: The appealing expert appeared to have disappeared from us forever. (那位有吸引力的专家似乎永远从我们身边消失了)
辨析:
appear: 好象，似乎(强调外表给人的印象，往往并非如此)
seem: 好象（表示有一定根据的判断，往往接近事实）
look: 好象，看起来（着重由视觉得出的印象）
三词均可接表语，appear, seem可跟不定式。
It looks/seems as if…句型中不用appear。sb./sth. looks as if…句型中不用appear, seem。
seem/appear to do sth. 似乎要做某事，句型中不用look。
It seems/appears that 句型中不用look。
apologize / p l d a z/ (v.) 道歉，谢罪
拓展:
apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉
apology (n.) 道歉；辩白
make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse an/one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
例句:
You should make an apology to her for your carelessness. (你应该为你的粗心大意向她赔礼道歉。)
He offered me an apology for losing my book. (他为遗失我的书而向我道歉。)
串记: I must apologize to you because I owe you an apology for what I did.(apologize) (我必须向你道歉，因为我应该为我的所作所为向你道歉。)
appreciate / pri e t; -s -/ (v.) 欣赏，赏识；感激 (同be grateful/thankful for)
拓展:
appreciate doing sth. 乐意做某事
I would appreciate it if …如果……，我将非常感激
appreciation (n.) 欣赏，赏识；鉴赏；感激
appreciative (a.) 感激的; 赏识的; 有欣赏力的
例句:
I'd appreciate your writing me back as soon as possible. (你若能尽快地给我回信，我会非常感激。)
I really appreciate it if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent. (如果你能给我一个这样的机会来展示我的才能我真的会非常感激。)
串记: I appreciate applying theories to practice and win my appreciative tutor’s appreciation. I feel appreciative of him. (我喜欢把理论应用到实践中去，也赢得了我的有欣赏力的导师的赏识。我很感激他。)
点津: appreciate后面先接it再跟从句，其中的it指代后面从句的内容，相当于形式宾语。有类似用法的还有：love, hate, like, prefer, dislike等。
approve / pru v/ (vt.) 批准，认可；(vi.) 赞同 (反disapprove)
拓展:
approve of sth./doing sth. 赞成某事，同意做某事
approve of sb. doing sth. 同意某人做某事
approval (n.) 赞成；同意
meet with sb.'s approval 得到某人的批准
win/earn sb.'s approval 取得某人的同意/赞成
with/without approval of 经/未经……的批准
approving (a.) 赞成/同的，满意的→disapproving
例句:
I approve of your trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies. (我赞成你设法赚些钱，但请不要荒废学业。)
By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval．(他在学校表现不错，希望以此得到父母的赞许。)
串记: Everyone had approved of the plan of building a park in the rural area, so we referred it to the committee to meet with its approval. One month later, we began to build the park with approval of the government. (每个人都赞同在农村建造公园的计划，所以我们把它提交委员会，以经其批准。一个月后，我们经政府批准开始建造公园。)
approach / pr t / (n. & v.) 接近；靠近；处理；(n.) 通道；方法，途径
拓展:
approach sb. on/about (doing) sth. 与某人商量(做)某事
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
make approaches to sb. 设法接近某人
an approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方法
approachable (a.) 亲切友善的；易理解的；可接近的
例句:
I approached him about/on filling the manager's job. (我找他商量，问他是否有意当经理。)
The job market has changed and our approach to finding (find) work must change as well. (就业市场变了，我们找工作的途径也要改变。)
串记: With the approach of evening, the tourists approached the destination. In fact， there is a shorter approach to the destination. (随着夜幕的降临，游客们逐渐接近了目的地。事实上,有一个短的通道到目的地。)
易错点拨:
approach表示“……的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。
表示“……来临”的表达有：be approaching，be drawing near，be (just) around the corner，be coming等。
前缀: ar- = to 向, 趋近
arrange / re nd / (v.) 安排，筹划；布置
拓展:
arrange for 准备，安排
arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
arrange with sb.about(for)sth．与(某人)商议(某事)
arrangement (n.) 安排，筹划；布置
例句:
I’ve arranged to see them tomorrow morning．(我已安排好明早和他们见面。)
The teacher arranged for him to spend one day in the laboratory. (老师安排他在实验室做了一天实验。)
串记: The manager arranges for me to test the application and I agree to the arrangement. (经理安排我对申请进行测试，我同意。)
arrive / ra v/ (vi.) 到达，到来
拓展:
arrive at 到达(小地方)；达成(协议)，得出(结论)
arrive in 到达(大地方)
arrival (n.) 到达，到来
on arrival 到达
cash on arrival 货到付款
arrival of an agreement 得出一致意见
例句: We arrived at the station twenty minutes earlier．(我们提前20分钟到了本站。)
串记: On arrival, the representatives began to discuss the issue but they failed to arrive at any agreement. (代表们一到达就开始讨论这个问题，但没有达成任何协议。)
辨析:
arrive: vi.需接介词in(接大地方)，at(接小地方)；
reach: vt. 到达；达到
get to: 相当于reach，到达。
argue / ɑ ɡju / (vi.) 争论/执/吵；论证；护理力争
拓展:
argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人辩论某事
argue for/against sth. 赞成/反对某事
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argue that ... 主张；认为
argument (n.) 争论；辩论
例句:
I managed to argue her into taking a walk with me after supper. (晚饭后，我设法让她和我一起散步。)
He was unhappy because many people argued against his plan. (他不高兴，因为许多人反对他的计划。)
串记:
Experts are arguing over the new treatment. Some argue for it. Others argue against it. In fact, both lack argument. (专家们对这种新疗法争论不休。一些人对此表示支持。其他人则持反对意见。事实上，两者都缺乏论据。)
She argued for going to see a movie alone. Finally, her parents argued her out of going alone. So she invited Jane to go together. However, they argued with each other about/over which film to see. (她主张一个人去看电影。最后，她的父母劝她不要单独去。于是她邀请简一起去。然而，他们争论着要看哪部电影。)
其它
answer / ɑ ns / (n.) 回答，答复；回信(同reply)；答案； (v.) 回答，答复；回信； (作出)答案
拓展:
answer back 应答，回复；顶嘴
answer for 对……负责，适合
answer to 符合，与……一致
in answer to 作为对……回答；应……要求
the answer to ……的答案
例句:
We cannot answer for his actions．(我们不能对他的行为负责。)
This boy answers to your description．(这个男孩和你所描绘的一模一样。)
串记: “Who should answer for this Is it you that made the trouble ” the announcer asked the driver in anger. “No, it is not my fault. It’s yours.” The latter answered back, annoyed. (这该由谁来负责呢 ”是你惹的麻烦吗 播音员愤怒地问司机。“不，这不是我的错。这是你的。”后者恼怒地回答。)
anxious / (k) s/ (a.) 渴望的(同eager)；焦虑的，担忧的(同worried, concerned)；令人焦虑的
拓展:
(1)be anxious for/about ... 为……担心(忧虑)
be anxious for 渴望得到
be (too) anxious (for sb.) to do sth.(非常)渴望(某人)做某事
(2)anxiety (n.) 焦虑，忧虑，担心
with anxiety 焦虑地
(3)anxiously (adv.) 焦急地，忧虑地，渴望地
例句:
She is anxious to go to college now, but anxious about/for not passing the College Entrance Examination. (她现在渴望上大学，但又担心不能通过高考。)
If you're worried about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor. (你要是担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。)
串记: The alarm caused great anxiety among people. The citizens got anxious about their health and safety. And they were anxious for food and medicine. Soon, the government made an announcement that there was no need to be anxious about their health and safety because they had enough food and medicine in
store. (警报引起了人们的极大焦虑。市民们担心他们的健康和安全。他们渴望食物和药品。很快，政府宣布，他们没有必要担心他们的健康和安全，因为他们有足够的食物和药物储备。)
arm /ɑ m/ (n.) 手臂，胳膊；支架；扶手；(复) 武器；(v.) 武装起来
拓展:
arm in arm 臂挽臂(地)，手挽手(地)
with open arms 张开双臂；热情地；亲切地
arm sb. with sth. 用某物武装某人
armed (a.) 武装的, 带武器的
be armed with 武装有
armchair (n.) 轮椅
arms (n.) (军队的)武器
army (n.) 军队；陆军 join the ~ 参军
例句: Teachers must arm their students with wisdom. (老师必须用智慧武装学生。)
串记: Much to our delight, the guards armed with guns received us with open arms! Another good piece news is that the army will be armed with advanced arms. (令我们高兴的是，持枪的警卫们张开双臂迎接我们! 另一则好消息是军队将装备新武器。)
art /ɑ t/ (n.) 艺/美术；艺术品；(复) 文科
拓展:
a master of arts 文科/学硕士
artistic (a.) 艺术的；风雅的，有美感的
artificial (a.) 人造/工的；矫揉造作的
artist (n.) 艺术家，美术家(犹指国画的)
article (n.) 文章；冠词；物品(同item)
例句: We like not only music but also art. (我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢美术。)
串记: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)
ask /ɑ sk/ (v.) 问，询问；请/要求，邀请；索要
拓展:
ask sb．about 向(某人)打听(询问)
ask (sb.)for sth. (向某人)要某物
ask too much 要求太过分，要价太高
ask for trouble 自找苦吃，自找麻烦
ask the way(price)问路(问价)
ask sb．to do sth．请某人去做某事
ask sb．for help 请某人帮忙
例句: You should never ask about a salary during the first interview. (第一次面试的时候绝对不要问关于薪资的问题。)
串记: If you ask your artist father for allowance or ask him to accompany you, you are asking for trouble. (如果你向你的艺术家父亲要零用钱或请他陪你，你是在自找麻烦。)
as / z; z/ (conj.) 当……时；一边……一边……；随着；因为；虽然，尽管；按照；(ad.) 如同；(prep.) 作为，当做；(pron.) 正如(引导非限制性定语从句)
拓展:
as…as 与……一样
as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as 或 as＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋as 与……一样
as...as one can/could＝as...as possible 尽可能……
as for 关/至于(用于引起话题)
as if/though 好像，似乎
as long as 只要
as soon as 一……，就……
as to 至于，关于
as well 也，另外
as well as 以及，又，既……又……
as yet 至今，到目前为止
so as to 以便
例句:
I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students. (航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。)
She has as sweet a voice as her mother. (她的声音像她妈妈的一样甜美。)
As for whether you should be changing your job ─only you can decide. (至于是否要改变你的工作，只有你才能作出决定。)
串记: Young as she is, she is as able as her father. As she grows, she begins to control the firm on her own as she is the only child. As a girl, she has succeeded, as it is expected. (她虽然年轻，却和她父亲一样能干。随着她的成长，她开始自己控制公司，因为她是唯一的孩子。作为一个女孩，她成功了，这是意料之中的。)
assist / s st/ (v.) 辅/协/援/帮助
拓展:
assist sb．with sth．用……来帮助某人
assistance (n.) 辅/协/援/帮助
assist sb．to do sth．(in doing sth．)帮助某人做某事
assistant (n.) 助手/理/教
例句: Two students assisted me with the experiment．(两个学生帮助我做这实验。)
串记: The tutor appreciates his assistant’s assistance. Later，the assistant was appointed as an assistant professor. (导师感谢/欣赏助理的帮助。后来，助理被任命为助理教授助理。)
area / e r / (n.) 地区/方，区域；场所；领域；面积
拓展:
cover an area of 占地面积为
industrial/no-smoking area 工业区/无烟区
on the area 在…范围内
例句: We allow smoking only in this area. (我们只允许在这个区吸烟。)
辨析:
area: 指较大的地区时侧重其“面积”,不指行政上的地理单位
region: 所表示的“地区”,指有地理界限或具有某种特色,自成一个单位的地区,一般是较大的行政单位,如我国的自治区(autonomous region)
district: 所指的“地区”范围比region小。
串记: The factory covers an area of 15,000 square metres, with the first-class workshops and advanced equipment. It is in the lead in many areas. (工厂占地面积15000平方米，拥有一流的厂房和先进的设备。它在许多领域处于领先地位。)
三、根: port = carry 拿, 带
appoint / p nt/ (v.) 任命，委派，指定；约定，预约
拓展:
(1)appoint sb.(as/to be)＋职位 任命某人担任……职位
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment (n.) 任命，委派；约定
make/have an appointment with sb.某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
（3）appointed (adj.) 指定的；约定的
例句:
I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day. (我被委派来负责安排在那一天所有的活动。)
I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. (我与史密斯医生有约，但是需要改变一下。)
串记: The manager appointed Xiao Li to sign an important contract with that company. Xiao Li made an appointment with the account manager ahead of time. Everything went well. The manager was very satisfied with his performance. Later, he was appointed as/to be sales director of his company.
名师点津: 表示委任某人担任某职务时，要分清两种情况：
(1)若指的是抽象的职位(如position，office，presidency，chairmanship等)，则用“appoint sb. to＋抽象职位”。
(2)若指的是具体的某职位(如headmaster，manager，chairman，president等)，则用“appoint sb. (to be/as)＋具体职位”。如：Who shall we appoint (to be/as) chairman of the club？＝Who shall we appoint to the chairmanship of the club？ (我们派谁担任俱乐部的主席呢？)
后缀: -ance 名词后缀
appearance / p r ns/ (n.) 出现；外观，外表
拓展:
at first appearance 初看起来
in appearance 外表上，看上去
to(by, from) all appearances 显然
例句:
It appears that he had a taste for music．(看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。)
So far, it appears that China has managed to successfully use its influence. (目前为止，看起来中国已经成功运用了自己的影响力。)
串记: The appealing expert appeared to have disappeared from us forever. (那位有吸引力的专家似乎永远从我们身边消失了)
其它
apart / pɑ rt/ (adv.) 分开地；相隔地；(prep.) 除…外
拓展:
tell A from B/tell the difference between A and B/distinguish between A and B/distinguish A from B 把A和B区分开来
fall apart 土崩瓦解
apart from 除……之外
例句:
I think it is quite impossible for us to tell the twin brothers apart.＝I think it is quite impossible for us to tell the difference between the twin brothers. (对于我们来说，把这对双胞胎兄弟区分开来我认为是不可能的。)
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. (除了脸部和双手受伤以外，他的两条腿也断了。)
串记: It's almost impossible to tell Jackie and Moira apart since they had their hair cut. (杰姬和莫伊拉都把头发剪了，几乎不可能把她俩区别开来。)
前缀: dis- = not, opposite of 不, 相反
disappear / d s p r/ (v.) 消失；不见
拓展: disappearance (n.) 消失
例句:
It appears that he had a taste for music．(看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。)
So far, it appears that China has managed to successfully use its influence. (目前为止，看起来中国已经成功运用了自己的影响力。)
串记: The appealing expert appeared to have disappeared from us forever. (那位有吸引力的专家似乎永远从我们身边消失了)
disapprove / d s pru v/ (v.) 不赞成，反对
拓展:
disapprove of sth./doing sth. 不赞成某事，不同意做某事
disapprove of sb. doing sth. 不同意某人做某事
disapproval (n.) 不赞成；不同意
例句:
I approve of your trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies. (我赞成你设法赚些钱，但请不要荒废学业。)
By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval．(他在学校表现不错，希望以此得到父母的赞许。)
串记: Everyone had approved of the plan of building a park in the rural area, so we referred it to the committee to meet with its approval. One month later, we began to build the park with approval of the government. (每个人都赞同在农村建造公园的计划，所以我们把它提交委员会，以经其批准。一个月后，我们经政府批准开始建造公园。)
其它
advantage / d vɑ nt d / (n.) 优点，有利条件；好处，利益
拓展:
take advantage of 利用
to one’s advantage 对某人有利
have an advantage over 比…有优势
have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件
例句: We like not only music but also art. (我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢美术。)
串记: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)
allowance / la ns/ (n.) 津贴，零用钱；允许，准许
拓展: make allowance(s) for 考虑到，顾及；体谅
例句: You should never ask about a salary during the first interview. (第一次面试的时候绝对不要问关于薪资的问题。)
串记: If you ask your artist father for allowance or ask him to accompany you, you are asking for trouble. (如果你向你的艺术家父亲要零用钱或请他陪你，你是在自找麻烦。)
后缀: -ment 名词后缀
argument / ɑ rɡj m nt/ (n.) 争论，辩论；论据
拓展:
argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人辩论某事
argue for/against sth. 赞成/反对某事
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argue that ... 主张；认为
例句:
I managed to argue her into taking a walk with me after supper. (晚饭后，我设法让她和我一起散步。)
He was unhappy because many people argued against his plan. (他不高兴，因为许多人反对他的计划。)
串记:
Experts are arguing over the new treatment. Some argue for it. Others argue against it. In fact, both lack argument. (专家们对这种新疗法争论不休。一些人对此表示支持。其他人则持反对意见。事实上，两者都缺乏论据。)
She argued for going to see a movie alone. Finally, her parents argued her out of going alone. So she invited Jane to go together. However, they argued with each other about/over which film to see. (她主张一个人去看电影。Finally, her parents argued her out of going alone. So she invited Jane to go together. However, they argued with each other about/over which film to see.)
appointment / p ntm nt/ (n.) 任命，委派；约定，约会
拓展:
appoint sb.(as/to be)＋职位 任命某人担任……职位
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
make/have an appointment with sb.某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
例句:
I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day. (我被委派来负责安排在那一天所有的活动。)
I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. (我与史密斯医生有约，但是需要改变一下。)
串记: The manager appointed Xiao Li to sign an important contract with that company. Xiao Li made an appointment with the account manager ahead of time. Everything went well. The manager was very satisfied with his performance. Later, he was appointed as/to be sales director of his company.
缀: -ive 形容词后缀
appreciative / pri t v/ (adj.) 感激的; 赏识的; 有欣赏力的
拓展:
appreciate doing sth. 乐意做某事
I would appreciate it if …如果……，我将非常感激
appreciation (n.) 欣赏，赏识；鉴赏；感激
例句:
I'd appreciate your writing me back as soon as possible. (你若能尽快地给我回信，我会非常感激。)
I really appreciate it if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent. (如果你能给我一个这样的机会来展示我的才能我真的会非常感激。)
串记: I appreciate applying theories to practice and win my appreciative tutor’s appreciation. I feel appreciative of him. (我喜欢把理论应用到实践中去，也赢得了我的有欣赏力的导师的赏识。我很感激他。)
approving / pru v / (a.) 赞成/同的，满意的→disapproving
拓展:
approve of sth./doing sth. 赞成某事，同意做某事
approve of sb. doing sth. 同意某人做某事
approval (n.) 赞成；同意
meet with sb.'s approval 得到某人的批准
win/earn sb.'s approval 取得某人的同意/赞成
with/without approval of 经/未经……的批准
例句:
I approve of your trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies. (我赞成你设法赚些钱，但请不要荒废学业。)
By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval．(他在学校表现不错，希望以此得到父母的赞许。)
串记: Everyone had approved of the plan of building a park in the rural area, so we referred it to the committee to meet with its approval. One month later, we began to build the park with approval of the government. (每个人都赞同在农村建造公园的计划，所以我们把它提交委员会，以经其批准。一个月后，我们经政府批准开始建造公园。)
四、根: art = skill 技艺, 技术
art /ɑ t/ (n.) 艺/美术；艺术品；(复) 文科
拓展:
a master of arts 文科/学硕士
artistic (a.) 艺术的；风雅的，有美感的
artificial (a.) 人造/工的；矫揉造作的
artist (n.) 艺术家，美术家(犹指国画的)
article (n.) 文章；冠词；物品(同item)
例句: We like not only music but also art. (我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢美术。)
串记: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)
artificial / ɑ rt f l/ (adj.) 人造/工的；矫揉造作的
拓展:
a master of arts 文科/学硕士
artistic (a.) 艺术的；风雅的，有美感的
artist (n.) 艺术家，美术家(犹指国画的)
article (n.) 文章；冠词；物品(同item)
例句: We like not only music but also art. (我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢美术。)
串记: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)
artist / ɑ rt st/ (n.) 艺术家，美术家(犹指国画的)
拓展:
a master of arts 文科/学硕士
artistic (a.) 艺术的；风雅的，有美感的
artificial (a.) 人造/工的；矫揉造作的
article (n.) 文章；冠词；物品(同item)
例句: We like not only music but also art. (我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢美术。)
串记: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)
artistic /ɑ r t st k/ (a.) 艺术的；风雅的，有美感的
拓展:
a master of arts 文科/学硕士
artificial (a.) 人造/工的；矫揉造作的
artist (n.) 艺术家，美术家(犹指国画的)
article (n.) 文章；冠词；物品(同item)
例句: We like not only music but also art. (我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢美术。)
串记: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)
其它
account / ka nt/ (n.) 账目，账户；解释，理由；描述
拓展:
account for 解释；说明…的原因；占…
on account of 因为
on no account 决不
take…into account 考虑到
open an account 开户
keep accounts 记账
例句: The manager appointed Xiao Li to sign an important contract with that company. Xiao Li made an appointment with the account manager ahead of time. Everything went well. The manager was very satisfied with his performance. Later, he was appointed as/to be sales director of his company.
accompany / k mp ni/ (v.) 陪伴，伴随
拓展: be accompanied by/with 由…陪伴
例句: You should never ask about a salary during the first interview. (第一次面试的时候绝对不要问关于薪资的問題。)
串记: If you ask your artist father for allowance or ask him to accompany you, you are asking for trouble. (如果你向你的艺术家父亲要零用钱或请他陪你，你是在自找麻烦。)
后缀: -able 形容词后缀
approachable / pro t b l/ (adj.) 亲切友善的；易理解的；可接近的
拓展:
approach sb. on/about (doing) sth. 与某人商量(做)某事
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
make approaches to sb. 设法接近某人
an approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方法
例句:
I approached him about/on filling the manager's job. (我找他商量，问他是否有意当经理。)
The job market has changed and our approach to finding (find) work must change as well. (就业市场变了，我们找工作的途径也要改变。)
串记: With the approach of evening, the tourists approached the destination. In fact， there is a shorter approach to the destination. (随着夜幕的降临，游客们逐渐接近了目的地。事实上,有一个短的通道到目的地。)
available / ve l b l/ (adj.) 可获得的, 可找到的; 有空的
拓展: be available to sb 对某人有用
例句: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)
后缀: -ed 形容词后缀
armed /ɑ rmd/ (adj.) 武装的, 带武器的
拓展:
arm in arm 臂挽臂(地)，手挽手(地)
with open arms 张开双臂；热情地；亲切地
arm sb. with sth. 用某物武装某人
be armed with 武装有
armchair (n.) 轮椅
arms (n.) (军队的)武器
army (n.) 军队；陆军 join the ~ 参军
例句: Teachers must arm their students with wisdom. (老师必须用智慧武装学生。)
串记: Much to our delight, the guards armed with guns received us with open arms! Another good piece news is that the army will be armed with advanced arms. (令我们高兴的是，持枪的警卫们张开双臂迎接我们! 另一则好消息是军队将装备新武器。)
appointed / p nt d/ (adj.) 指定的；约定的
拓展:
appoint sb.(as/to be)＋职位 任命某人担任……职位
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
appointment (n.) 任命，委派；约定
make/have an appointment with sb.某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
例句:
I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day. (我被委派来负责安排在那一天所有的活动。)
I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. (我与史密斯医生有约，但是需要改变一下。)
串记: The manager appointed Xiao Li to sign an important contract with that company. Xiao Li made an appointment with the account manager ahead of time. Everything went well. The manager was very satisfied with his performance. Later, he was appointed as/to be sales director of his company.
其它
advanced / d v nst/ (adj.) 先进的，高级的
拓展: in advance 提前，预先
例句: The manager appointed Xiao Li to sign an important contract with that company. Xiao Li made an appointment with the account manager ahead of time. Everything went well. The manager was very satisfied with his performance. Later, he was appointed as/to be sales director of his company.
average / v r d / (adj.) 平均的，普通的；(n.) 平均数，平均水平；(v.) 平均为
拓展: on (the) average 平均
例句: The announcement relieved the employees’ fear and anxiety. (公告缓解了员工的恐惧和焦虑。)
五、词根: vis, vid = see 看
visit / v z t/ (v.) 拜访，访问；参观；(n.) 访问，参观
拓展: visitor (n.) 访问者，参观者
例句: The artist, who has no other hobbies, appreciates visiting art museums. (这位艺术家没有别的爱好，喜欢参观美术馆。)
其它
wisdom / w zd m/ (n.) 智慧，明智
拓展: wise (adj.) 明智的，聪明的
例句: Teachers must arm their students with wisdom. (老师必须用智慧武装学生。)
workshop / w rk p/ (n.) 车间，工場；研讨会
例句: The factory covers an area of 15,000 square metres, with the first-class workshops and advanced equipment. It is in the lead in many areas. (工厂占地面积15000平方米，拥有一流的厂房和先进的设备。它在许多领域处于领先地位。)
world /w rld/ (n.) 世界；领域
拓展: worldwide (adj./adv.) 全世界的；在全世界
例句: I know everyone who is existing in this world now will disappear one day. (我知道现在存在于这个世界上的每一个人总有一天都会消失。)
worried / w rid/ (adj.) 担忧的，焦虑的
拓展: worry (v.) 担心，烦恼；(n.) 担心，烦恼；令人担心的事
例句: If you're worried about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor. (你要是担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。)
worth /w rθ/ (adj.) 值得…的；值…钱
拓展: be worth doing 值得做
例句: The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. (这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。)高考英语核心词汇拓展 Part two (词根词缀排序)
1. -able: 可…的，能…的
affordable (adj.): 负担得起的
affordably (adv.): 负担得起地
例句: Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy affordably priced bikes. (那些贫穷的青少年兴奋地发现在拐角处有一家商店，在那里他们可以买到价格实惠的自行车。)
串记: Thanks to the advanced technology, many products are more affordable now. (多亏了先进的技术，现在很多产品都更负担得起了。)
agreeable (adj.): 令人愉快的; 适合的; 易相处的
agreement (n.): 同意; 一致; 协定，协议(书)
例句: Though I disagree with some items in the agreement, I will agree to sign it. After all, you’re an agreeable boss. (虽然我不同意协议中的一些条款，但我同意签署。毕竟，你是个和蔼可亲的老板。)
串记: It is agreeable to have an agreement with an agreeable partner. (与一个和蔼可亲的伙伴达成协议是令人愉快的。)
2. ad-: 加强意义，表示"去，朝，做"
advance (v./n.): 推/前/促进；进展/步；提前；预付；(adj.) 预先的
in advance: 预先，事先，在前面
advanced: 先进的；高级的；高深的
advancement: 前进，进步；提升
例句: We plan to order an advanced course in advance. (我们计划提前预定一个高级课程。)
辨析: advance/progress: advance指具体的人或物，也指科学、运动、知识等前进、进步，强调进步的程度；progress指经常的、持续的或稳定的前进、进步，常用于抽象事物。
串记: With the advancement of technology, we have made great advances in many areas. (随着科技的进步，我们在许多领域都取得了巨大的进步。)
advantage (n.): 优势；有利条件；优点
disadvantage (n.): 劣势；不利条件
例句: We have an advantage of resource over Japan. Now the situation is to our advantage. We must take advantage of the advantage to make advances. (我们对日本有资源优势。现在形势对我们有利。我们必须利用这个优势取得进步。)
串记: Taking advantage of our advantages, we can overcome our disadvantages. (利用我们的优势，我们可以克服我们的劣势。)
advise (v.): 忠告，劝告，建议
advice (n.): 建议；忠告
例句: My adviser advised the boss should adopt the doctor’s advice. (我的顾问建议老板采纳医生的建议。)
辨析: advise/suggest: advise后面可以接sb. to do sth. 名词advice不可数；suggest不可以接sb. to do sth.；名词suggestion可数。
串记: The doctor advised her to take his advice: exercise more and eat less. (医生建议她采纳他的建议：多运动，少吃东西。)
affect (v.): 影响；感染；喜爱
affection (n.): 喜爱，爱慕；感/爱情
effect (n.): 影响；效果，作用
effective: 有效果的
例句: Your affections for her may affect her study. Though love is a rich great affection, it has a bad effect on an immature teen. (你对她的感情会影响她的学习。虽然爱情是丰富伟大的感情，但是对不成熟的少年有不好的影响。)
辨析: influence/affect/effect: 都有"影响"的意思。influence通常指通过劝说、行动或树立榜样来改变一个人的行为或思想，是潜移化的影响，也可指自然力的作用；affect指足够能引起反应或引出相应反响的刺激因素，着重指使事物受到不良的影响或指一个人的感情受到某种影响；effect着重指产生或造成的结果、效果、效力、影响和作用等。后两词均可接on。表示“影响”时influence和affect可作及物动词或名词，而effect只作名词。
串记: The new policy will have a positive effect on the economy, affecting many people's lives. (新政策将对经济产生积极影响，影响许多人的生活。)
afford (v.): 负担得起（……的费用）；承担得起(时间、后果等)；抽得出（时间）；提供
例句: The work will afford me a chance of promotion and lots of money. I can afford to make a trip abroad, but I can’t afford the time. (这个工作将会为我提供晋升的机会以及大量金钱。我有钱出国度假，但是抽不出时间。)
串记: I can't afford to buy that expensive car, but I can afford a more affordable one. (我买不起那辆昂贵的汽车，但我能买得起一辆更便宜的。)
afraid (adj.): 害怕的；担心
例句: I am afraid of strangers. I’m afraid to go out in the daytime. I’m afraid of meeting new people because I’m afraid (that) they will laugh at me. (我怕陌生人。我不敢白天出去。我担心遇到生人，怕他们嘲笑 me。)
串记: He was afraid to tell her he loved her, afraid of her rejection. (他不敢告诉她他爱她，害怕她拒绝。)
3. -al: …的，…性质
alarm (n.): 警报；警告器；闹钟；惊慌；(v.) 警告；使惊恐
alarmed (adj.): 惊恐的
alarming (adj.): 使人惊恐的
例句: When the alarm sounded, all the people fled in alarm. The alarm caused great alarm in people. (警报声一响，所有的人都惊慌地逃走了。这一警报在人们中引起了极大的恐慌。)
串记: The fire alarm went off, alarming everyone in the building. (火灾警报响起，惊动了楼里的所有人。)
allow (v.): 允/准许；使…有可能
allowance (n.): 津/补贴；零用钱
例句: Allowing for his age, the boss allows him to have a rest and won’t reduce his allowance. (考虑到他的年龄，老板允许他休息，不会减少他的津贴。)
串记: My parents allow me to go out with friends, but only with their permission. (我的父母允许我和朋友出去玩，但必须得到他们的允许。)
alone (adj./adv.): 单独的，仅仅的；独自地
lonely (adj.): 孤独的，寂寞的；偏僻的
例句: While the expert lives alone in a lonely island, he never feels lonely. (虽然专家独自一人住在孤岛上，但他从不感到孤独。)
辨析: lonely/alone: lonely表示内心的感受；alone强调单独，独自，仅仅。
串记: She was all alone in the house, feeling lonely and scared. (她独自一人在房子里，感到孤独和害怕。)
4. a-: 加强意义，表示"在…，…的"
alive (adj.): 有活力的；有生气的；活着的；仍然存在的
例句: I watched a live TV program. There was a boy liking all living things. He kept a live fish in a small jar. Later on he decided to free it and kept the fish alive in the river. (我看了一个电视直播节目。有一个男孩喜欢所有的生活。他把一条活鱼放在一个小罐子里。后来他决定释放它，让鱼在河里活着。)
辨析: alive/live/living: alive通常作表语，如作定语用时，一般后置，多用于人；live指“活的，有生命的”，作定语时，放在名词前，通常只用于动物，如live fish， live duck，用于人时，则转意为“生气勃勃的”； 除了表示“活的”外，还表示“现场直播的”；living指“活着的”，尤指“现存的”、现在活着的”人或物，可用于一切事物，语义比 alive 广，既可作表语，也可作定语。既可前置也可后置。
串记: The forest was alive with the sound of birds singing. (森林里充满了鸟儿的歌声。)
amaze (v.): 使惊奇/叹；使震惊
amazing (adj.): 令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的
amazed (adj.): 吃惊的，惊奇的
amazement (n.): 惊奇，惊愕
例句: To our amazement, the face of the city keeps changing every day. However, what is amazing to us can’t make him amazed. (令我们惊奇的是，这座城市的面貌每天都在变化。然而，让我们惊奇的事情并不能让他感到惊奇。)
串记: I was amazed at her amazing talent for playing the piano. (我对她弹钢琴的惊人天赋感到惊讶。)
amount (n.): 数量；(v.) 总计
例句: A large amount of allowance is afforded to the boy. It amounts to 3,000 dollars. (这个男孩得到了一大笔零用钱，总共是3000美元。)
辨析: amount/number: amount指不可数名词的量；number指可数名词的数量。
串记: The amount of money he donated to charity was a large amount. (他捐给慈善机构的钱数额很大。)
amuse (v.): （使人）快乐，逗乐
amusement (n.): 娱乐，快乐；消遣，乐趣
例句: Mr. Wang is an amusing person who often amuses us with amusing stories. So staying with him is really a kind of amusement. (王先生是个有趣的人，他经常用有趣的故事逗我们。所以和他在一起真是一种娱乐。)
串记: The children were amused by the clown's funny antics. (孩子们被小丑滑稽的动作逗乐了。)
anger (n.): 生气，愤怒；(v.) 使生气，激怒
angry (adj.): 生气的，愤怒的
例句: “Even though you got angry over your work in the office, don’t get angry with me at home.” the wife said to her husband in anger. (即使你在办公室对你的工作感到生气，也不要在家里对我生气。妻子生气地对丈夫说。)
串记: Her anger at his betrayal was understandable. (她对他背叛的愤怒是可以理解的。)
announce (v.): 宣布/告；发表(声明等)；预示
announcement (n.): 公告；宣告；发表；通告
announcer (n.): 广播员；宣告者
例句: The announcer phoned me to announce his decision to call off the announcement. (播音员打电话给我，宣布他决定取消广播。)
串记: The company announced a new product launch at the press conference. (公司在新闻发布会上宣布了一款新产品的发布。)
5. an-: 表示"非，无，不"
annoy (v.): 使恼怒；使烦恼；骚扰
annoyed (adj.): 恼怒的; 烦闷的
annoying (adj.): 令人恼怒的; 使人烦闷的
annoyance (n.): 恼怒; 烦闷
例句: Our children bring us both joy and annoyance. Though sometimes their annoying behavior annoys their mum, they never make me annoyed. (我们的孩子给我们带来欢乐和烦恼。虽然有时他们令人讨厌的行为惹恼了他们的妈妈，但他们从不让我生气。)
串记: The constant noise from the construction site was annoying everyone in the neighborhood. (建筑工地持续不断的噪音让附近的每个人都感到恼火。)
6. -less: 没有…的，无…的
aimless (adj.): 漫无目的的
aimlessly (adv.): 漫无目的地
例句: While at high school, Bill aimed high, when he entered college, he led an aimless life. Joining in a project which is aimed at helping those lost aim, he aimed to change his life. (比尔上高中时目标很高，当他上大学时，他过着没有目标的生活。参加一个旨在帮助那些失去目标的人的项目，他的目标是改变他的生活。)
串记: He wandered aimlessly through the streets, not sure where he was going. (他在街上漫无目的地闲逛，不知道自己要去哪里。)
7. 其他词根词缀
adopt (v.): 采纳；收养
adoption (n.): 采纳；收养
adoptive (adj.): 采用的; 有收养关系的
adopted (adj.): 被收养的
例句: The old man adopted the suggestion sending his adopted daughter to college. (老人采纳了送他的养女上大学的建议。)
串记: They adopted a child from an orphanage, giving her a loving home. (他们从孤儿院收养了一个孩子，给了她一个充满爱的家。)
against (prep.): 对着，反对；违背；对抗；防备；依靠，对着；以……为背景；衬托
例句: Because he fought against his desk mate, which went against the rules. The teacher told him to stand against the wall. Of course, it was against his wishes. (因为他跟同桌打架违反了规定。老师叫他靠墙站着，当然他不情愿。)
串记: The demonstrators marched against the government's new policy. (示威者游行反对政府的新政策。)
agree (v.): 同意；应允
例句: Though I disagree with some items in the agreement, I will agree to sign it. After all, you’re an agreeable boss. (虽然我不同意协议中的一些条款，但我同意签署。毕竟，你是个和蔼可亲的老板。)
串记: We all agreed to meet at the restaurant for dinner. (我们都同意在餐馆吃晚饭。)
aim (n.): 目的；目标；(v.) 计划，打算；瞄准；针对
例句: While at high school, Bill aimed high, when he entered college, he led an aimless life. Joining in a project which is aimed at helping those lost aim, he aimed to change his life. (比尔上高中时目标很高，当他上大学时，他过着没有目标的生活。参加一个旨在帮助那些失去目标的人的项目，他的目标是改变他的生活。)
串记: The archer aimed his arrow at the target. (弓箭手瞄准了目标。)
after (adv./prep./conj.): 在后；后来；在……之后；在 后面；在……以后
例句: I know what you seek after is to have something named after you. But, after all, you are too young to look after yourself. (我知道你追求的是有以你名字命名的東西。但是，毕竟，你太年轻了，不能照顾自己。)
串记: I will call you after I finish work. (我下班后会给你打电话。)

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