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动词
动词是用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词），或表示主语是什么或怎么样（即状态动词）的词，是构成句子的核心部分。有时态和语态的变化。
如：The boy runs fast.这个男孩跑得快。runs表示主语的行为. He is a boy.他是个男孩。 is与后面的表语a boy表示主语的状态。动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词（也称实义动词）、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
系动词
1.be动词用来表示主语状态。Be动词是最基本的系动词，它有am, is, are三种形式， was是am, is的过去式，were是are的过去式。 如：He is at home.他在家。
2.系动词除了be动词外，常见的还有：look(看起来), sound(听起来)，feel(感觉), taste(尝起来), smell(闻起来)等。
如：That sounds good.那听起来不错。 She feels hungry.她感觉饿了。
His father looks young.他父亲看上去很年轻。
二、助动词
助动词本身无意义，在句中帮助实意动词构成一定的时态、语态、语气，或是帮助构成否定句和疑问句。常用的助动词有：do/did, have/had/has, will/would, be, shall/should.
考点一：助动词be( am, is, are, was, were)的用法
1.助动词be后跟现在分词构成进行时。
如： Who is playing the violin 谁在拉小提琴？
She is reading a book.她正在读书。
2.助动词be 后跟过去分词构成被动语态。
如： You are invited to attend the meeting.有人邀请你参加会议。
考点二：助动词have(has, had)的用法
助动词“have/has/had+动词的过去分词”可以构成完成时。
如：He has been a doctor for 10 years.他当医生十年了。
考点三：助动词do(does, did)的用法
1.构成疑问句或否定句。
如：He doesn’t do his homework carefully.他做作业不仔细。
Do you like swimming 你喜欢游泳吗？
2.代替前面刚出现的动词，避免重复。
如：-You like popuplar music, don’t you -Yes, I do.
考点四:助动词shall(should) 和will(would)的用法
1.shall/should用于第一人称的将来时中。如：
I should think it over.我要好好考虑一下。
2.will/would可以用于所有人称的将来时态中。如：
You will have an English test tomorrow.明天你将有英语小测试。
考点五：助动词和实义动词的区别
助动词一般没有词意，不能单独作谓语动词。其作用在于帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定、疑问等。而实义动词有具体的含义，这是助动词和实义动词的最大区别。
His father is very happy to see him again.(句中is是连系动词,与happy构成系表结构)
His father is watching TV in the living room.(句中is是助动词,和watching构成现在进行时)
三、情态动词
1.情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态。不能单独作谓语，只能与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词有：will/ would, shall/ should, can/ could, may/might, must, have to等。
考点一：情态动词的语法特征
1.情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。如： He/ I/ They can speak English.
实义动词则有人称和数的变化。
2.情态动词不能单独作谓语，后面跟动词原形一起作谓语。如：
She can swim across the river.
3.可以把情态动词提前构成疑问句，在后面加not构成否定句。如：
He can lend it to anyone.---He can’t lend it to anyone.
考点二：can 和could
1.could是can的过去式。如：Sam could swim when he was only five years old.
2.could可以表示比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法，回答用can。如：
-Could I come to see you tomorrow -Yes, you can.( No, I’m afraid not.)
3.can’t 表示“不可能”，反义词是must。
如： He can’t be in the classroom. Look! He is playing soccer over there.
考点三：may 与might
1.表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句). might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
如：He may/might be very busy now. Your mother may/might not know the truth.
表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
-May/Might I smoke in this room -No, you mustn’t.
-May/Might I take this book out of the room
-Yes, you can. (No, you can’t/mustn’t.)
用May I... 征询对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I ... 在口语中更常见。
考点四：must与have to
1.must表示“必须，应该”，是说话人的主观看法，没有时态变化；而have to则强调客观需要，有更多的时态形式。如：
You must do everything carefully.做任何事情你都必须仔细。
It was raining heavily, so I had to take an umbrella with me.雨下得很大，因此我不得不带上伞。
2.must表示肯定的推测。如：You must be a teacher.你一定是个老师。
3.mustn’t表示禁止做某事。如：
You mustn’t smoke in the office.你不可以在办公室抽烟。
4.表示主张：硬要，一定要。如：
If you must go, at least wait till the rain stop.如果你坚持要走，至少也要等雨停了再走。
考点五：shall与should
shall用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。如：
What shall we do this evening Shall we go home now
should 表示“应该”，劝告、建议和命令。如：
You should go to class right now.
考点六：will 与would
will用于各种人称，表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等，否定式是won’t.
如：I will tell you all about it.
will用于疑问句中，常用在第二人称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”。如：
Will you please tell her the news when you see her
would 表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。如：
Would you please be quiet Would you like coffee
实义动词
1.行为动词又称为实义动词，是具有实际意义的动词，能单独做谓语，并且有人称和时态的变化。实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。如：
They eat a lot of potatoes.他们吃了很多土豆。
I am reading an English book now.我现在在看一本英语书。
及物动词后面必须接宾语，才能有完整的意思。如：
Mr Wang loves his students.王先生热爱他的学生。
不及物动词意义完整，不需要带宾语；但如果非要带宾语时，必须先加介词后加宾语。如：
She cried.她哭了。
He listens to the teacher carefully in class. 他课上认真听讲。
实义动词的基本形式
小升初阶段我们涉及到的动词形式有：动词原形，动词第三人称单数形式，动词-ing，动词过去式。
如：do-does-doing-did go-goes-going-went run-runs-running-ran
动词练习题
单项选择。
( )1. ---What would you like to ---I’d like ________orange juice.
A.drink; to drink B.drinking; drink C.drink; drinks D.drinking; drinking
( )2. I want ________something about your school life in Japan.
A. know B. to know C. knows D. knowing
( ) 3. It ________the Americans about 5 days to ________there in 1969.
A. take; get B. takes; get to C. took; get D. took; get to
( )4. It’s too noisy. Please________.
A. turn up it B. turn down it C. turn it up D. turn it down
( ) 5. ---How about ________with us ---That sounds good.
A. go shopping B. goes shopping C. going shopping D. to go shopping
( ) 6.He ________very busy this week. He ________free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. is; will be D. is; will
( )7. You must ________your mum’s room warm, Susan.
A. have B. to have C. keep D. to keep
( )8.The boy next to us ________watching football match very much.
A. enjoy B. enjoys C. to enjoy D. enjoying
( ) 9.He likes________the radio.
A. listens B. to listen to C. listen to D. to listen
( ) 10. ---What did you do last night ---I did my homework and ________TV.
A. watch B. watched C. will watch D. am watching
( )11.--you like the new film --No, I did not. I________like it at all.
A. Did; did B. Are; don’t C. Did; didn’t D. Were; did not
( )12.What________you usually do on Sundays A. do B. does C. did D. are
( )13.The film is going to begin. Please don’t .
A. talk B. say C. talking D. to talk
( )14.--Where________your father from ---Beijing.
A. are B. is C. do D. does
( )15.Linda________pictures very much.
A. like drawing B. like to drawing C. like draw D. likes drawing
( )16.--your brother know the traffic rules --Yes, he.
A. Does; does B. Do; do C. Is; does D. Has; has
( )17.He________very busy this week. He ________free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. is; will be D. is; will
( )18.You must________your mum’s room warm, Susan.
A. have B. to have C. keep D. to keep
( )19. John was ill last night so his mother________the doctor.
A. calls B. calling C. to call D. called
( )20.I usually________at nine thirty at night.
A. get to school B. get up C. go to bed D. go home
( )21.My brother the morning TV every day.
A. watches B. watch C. watchs D. see
( )22. I ________a kite and________it on the wall yesterday.
A. maked; puted B. made; put C. made; puted
( )23.Last Friday, they________a ________race.
A. had; running B. have; running C. had; running
( )24.---Where________he from ---He________from China.
A. is; come B. is; comes C. does; is
( )25.The doctor often tells him________more exercise.
A. to take B. taking C. taken D. take
( )26.Tom likes maths very much. Look! He________a question in the math class now.
A. asks B. is asking C. is going to ask
( )27.My brother________free tomorrow.A. will is B. is C. will be D. is being
( )28.Can you________my best friend A. be B. are C. is be
( )29.The businessmen often________to other.
A. goes; countries B. go; countries C. go; country
( )30. My sister________a taxi driver.A. is B. does C. do
( )31.Zhang Peng cleaned his room and________clothes on Sunday.
A. to wash B. wash C. washed D. washes
( )32.________your kite high in the sky!A. Put B. Let C. Fly
( )33.Cindy________her dog for a walk in the park every day.
A. take B. takes C. is taking D. took
( )34. Please________the TV a little. Father is sleeping.
A. turn off B. turn on C. turn down D. turn up
( )35.He wants____basketball today,but his mother wants himat home.
A. playing; to stay B. to plays; to stay C. to play; to stay D. playing; staying
( )36.---Can you________Chinese
---No, but I often________with my friends English.
A. tell; say; at B. speak; talk; in C. speak; tell; in
( )37.Look, the coats are on the floor. Can you________
A. pick them up B. pick up it C. pick up them
( )38.He is________to Ben about their school field trip.
A. talk B. talks C. talking
( )39. If you can’t________English, you can’t ________in Chinese.
A. speak; speak B. say; speak C. speak; say D. say; say
( )40. ---Whoa dog in my class ---Many students.
A. have; has B. has; has C. has; have D. have; have
( )41.Look! The cat is.A. walk B. run C. ran D. running
( )42.Li Lei________his bedroom now.A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaning
( )43.She will________a magazine about animals after school.
A. buys B. buy C. is buying D. going to buy
( )44.Everyone________get birthday cards.
A. like to B. like C. likes to D. is liking
( )45.Drivers ________on the side of the road in America.
A. drive; left B. drives; left C. drives; right D. drive; right
( )46.Jim has a sore throat. He should________hot tea ________honey.
A. drinks; with B. to drink; with C. drink; has D. drink; right
( )47.Let’s________to the cinema.A. go B. going C. goes D. to go
( )48.She________in China.A. lives B. live C. living D. living is
( )49. How__he___to school
A. do; get B. does; gets C. do; gets D. does; get
( )50.You are ill. You should________a doctor. A. look B. watch C. see
( )51.John________dancing. A. like B. likes C. liking
( )52.---How________he go to school --- He________to school by bus.
A. does; goes B. does; go C. do; goes
( )53.There are so many people in the shop. You must________your things.
A. look at B. look after C. put away D. put on
( )54.What________Amy________at weekends
A. do; does B. does; do C. did; do D. is; do
( )55. Let’s________together.
A. watch TV B. watches TV C. watching TV D. to watch TV
( )56.A: What________you________ do today, Nancy
B: I’m going to see a movie with my family.
A. do; going to B. are; going to C. do; to D. are; want
( )57.Mrs. Smith can ________piano.
A. played the B. played C. plays the D. play the
( )58.________like to join us A. Can you B. You would C. Do you D. Would you
( )59.How can I ________the cinema A. get off B. get C. get to
( )60.My shoes________under the bed just now. But they________there now.
A. are; weren’t B. were; weren’t C. were; aren’t
( )61. A:________I use the telephone B: Yes, please.
A. May B. Do C. Shall
( )62.Is that Billy________ A. speak B. speaking C. speaks
( )63.She________to Tibet two years ago.A. come B. comes C. came
( )64.Shea black pen. She doesn’t________a red pen.
A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; has
( )65.Seven and eight________fifteen. A. are B. be C. am D. is
( )66.your parents________at school
A. Do; works B. Does; work C. Do; work
( )67.In our school, school ________at 7:30. A. is B. start C. starts D. does
( )68.He doesn’t have any bananas. He only ________apples.
A. bring B. have C. need D. eats
( )69.---What does it mean ---It means you couldn’t________.
A. smoking B. smoken C. smoke
( )70.________your new clothes. It’s time to clean the classroom.
A. Put on B. Put in C. Take on D. Take off
( )71.My father ________English now.A. reads B. reading C. is reading D. read
( )72. She ________to school at 7:40 every day, but yesterday she to school at 7:00.
A. goes; goes B. Does; has C. Does; have
二、用动词的适当形式填空。
(1)He________( be ) a teacher.(2)That________( sound ) good.
(3)He can________( play ) the piano.(4)( do ) ________you know Kelly
三、选择正确的单词补全下列短语。
A. watch B. listen C. have D. takeE. speak
F. play G. pick H. driveI. visit J. wash
1.________basketball 2.________English 3.________lunch
4.________TV 5.________the clothes 6.________to the radio
7.________a train 8.________flowers 9.________the museum
10. ________a car
四、请从括号里圈出正确的动词形式。
(1) He ________( am / is / are ) from America. He and I ________( am / is / are ) friends.
(2) That cat________ ( am / is / are ) fat and lazy.
(3) ________( Do / Does ) Tom study in Shiyan Primary School
(4) We ________( don’t / doesn’t / didn’t ) have classes on Friday afternoon.
(5) There________ ( be / is / are ) a new bookstore nearby.
(6) It ________( get / gets / got ) hotter and hotter.
(7) The soup________ ( smell / smells ) delicious.
(8) ________( Look / Looking )！ A bird________ ( am / is / are ) flying.
(9) They are ______( sits / sitting ) in the room and Andy is ______( runs / running ) outside.
(10) The big house________ ( have / has ) six windows.
五、找出错误并改正。
( ) 1.He writes a letter last night.
A B C D
( ) 2.Jenny is listen to music now. _____________
A B C D
( ) 3.Wang Bin like PE very much. ____________
A B C D
( ) 4.What does your uncle often has for breakfast __________
A B C
( ) 5.Linda like playing chess after class. _________
A B C D
六、用括号中动词的适当形式填空。
My name is Susan. I am a middle school student. I don’t (1)________(have) any
brothers. But I (2)________(have) two sisters. We (3) ________(be) in the same middle
school. I (4)________( go ) to school with them every day. I am 15 years old now and
yesterday (5)________(be) my birthday. While I was watching TV in my room at ten
last morning, my parents (6)________(come)back and (7)________(give) me a big surprise.
It is a lovely Teddy Bear. I like the gift very much. I love my parents and I (8)________
(study) harder than before. I (9)________( be ) 16 years old next year and (10)________
(want) to be a doctor in the future.

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