资源简介

Unit4 Why don't you talk to your parents
单词短语及重点句型
重点单词 1.allow [ la ]v.允许；准许 2.wrong [r ]adj.有毛病；错误的 3.midnight [ m d na t]n.午夜；子夜 4.guess [ɡes]v.猜测；估计 5.deal [di l]n.协议；交易 6.relation [r le n]n.关系；联系；交往 7.communication [k mju n ke n]n.交流；沟通 8.argue [ ɑ ɡju ]v.争吵；争论 9.cloud [kla d]n.云；云朵 10.elder [ eld ]adj.年纪较长的 11.instead [ n sted]adv.代替；反而；却 12.whatever [w t ev ] pron.任何；每一 13.nervous [ n v s]adj.焦虑的；担忧的 14.offer [ f ]v.主动提出；自愿给予 15.proper [ pr p ]adj.正确的；恰当的 16.secondly [ sek ndl ]adv.第二；其次 municate [k mju n ke t]v.交流；沟通 18.explain [ k sple n]v.解释；说明 19.clear [kl ]adj.清楚易懂的；晴朗的 20.copy [ k p ]v.抄袭；模仿；复制；复印 21.return [r t n]v.归还；回来；返回 22.anymore [ en m ]adv.（常用于否定句和疑问句末）再也（不）；（不）再 23.member [ memb ]n.成员；分子 24.pressure [ pre ]n.压力 pete [k m pi t]v.竞争；对抗 26.opinion [ p nj n]n.意见；想法；看法 27.skill [sk l]n.技艺；技巧 28.typical [ t p kl]adj.典型的 29.football [ f t b l]n.（美式）橄榄球；足球 30.continue [k n t nju ]v.持续；继续存在 31.compare [k m pe ]v.比较 32.crazy [ kre z ]adj.不理智的；疯狂的 33.push [p ]v.鞭策；督促；推动 34.development [d vel pm nt]n.发展；发育；成长 35.cause [k z]v.造成；引起 36.usual [ ju l]adj.通常的；寻常的 37.perhaps [p 'h ps]adv.可能；大概；也许
重点短语 1.have any free time to do things I like有自由时间做我喜欢做的事 2.allow somebody to do something允许某人做... 3.take/ have after-school classes参加课后辅导班 4.get into fight with somebody= have a fight with somebody=fight with somebody和某人闹矛盾 5.get on (well) with somebody和某人相处（得好） 6.get into a good university / a good senior high school上好大学/高中 7.so that…以至于...；以便于... 8.take him to the ball game带他去参加球类比赛 9.wait that/ so long等待如此久 10.surprise somebody让某人吃惊 11.look through…检查...浏览... 12.find somebody doing something发现某人正在做... 13.give something back to somebody= return something to somebody归还某物给某人 14.forget about ...忘掉...15.relations between my parents父母之间的关系 16.be nice/ friendly /kind to somebody对某人友好17.refuse to do something拒绝做... 18.feel lonely and nervous感到孤独和紧张 19.offer to do something主动做... 20.sit down and communicate with your brother坐下来和你哥哥交流 21.mind somebody doing something介意某人做... 22.borrow my clothes without asking/ without returning them借我的衣服没不说/不归还 23.make somebody angry让某人生气 24.copy my homework抄我的作业 25.have a pet养宠物 26.give me a lot of pressure给我很大的压力 pete with somebody和某人比赛 28.free time activities空闲时间活动 29.learn exam skills学会考试技巧 30.a typical American family典型的美国家庭 31.cut out …去掉/除... 32.comparing … with ….把...和...比较 33.be unhappy with…= be angry with…对...生气 34.cause a lot of stress导致许多压力 35.think for somebody为某人考虑 36.to be a successful person成为成功人士 37.start doing something开始做... 38.in one’s opinion,…就某人看来...；依某人的观点，... 39.be right about…在某方面正确 40.wait a few more days再等几天 41.help each other相互帮助 42.stress out过度紧张/劳累 43.do activities I enjoy进行我喜欢的活动
常考句型 1.Why don’t you do… Why not do… 为什么不做...呢？ 2.Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.尽管她错了，但没什么大不了的。 3.Hope things work out.希望情况好转。 4.It’s the only communication they have.这是他们之间仅有的交流。 5.I don’t know if I should say anything to them about this.不我知道我是否应该就这事对他们说点什么。 6.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们吵架的时候，我们的家就像笼罩在大大的乌云一样。 7.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.然而他想看什么就看什么直到深夜。 8.It’s normal to have these feelings.有这些感觉很正常。 9.I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep. 昨晚我学习到半夜，因此我睡眠不足。 10.He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 他应该对他的朋友说，以便于他能说他很抱歉。 11.However, the tired children don’t get home until after 7:00 p. m. 然而，主些疲惫的孩子要直到下午7点后才回家。 12.People shouldn’t push their kids so hard.人们不应该给他们的孩子如此大的压力。 13.Although it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even more important to have happy children.尽管想要成功的孩子很正常，但有幸福的孩子却更重要。 14.Life shouldn’t just be about grades.生活不应该仅仅与成绩有关。
一、单词讲解
1 allow v.允许；准许
allow作及物动词,意为“允许”=permit
1）allow sb. to do sth,意为“允许某人做某事”
I can’t allow you to talk to Mom like that.我不许你跟妈妈那样说话。
The doctor allowed him to take a short walk every day.医生允许他每天进行短距离的散步。
Parents should allow their children to do things that they like.父母应该允许孩子们做他们喜欢的事。
2）allow sth.“允许某事”
The law doesn't allow such an action.法律不允许这样的行为。
I don' t think she would allow it.我想她不会允许这件事的。
3）allow doing sth.“允许做某事”。
We don' t allow smoking in our house.在我们家里不允许抽烟。
2 wrong adj.有毛病；错误的
What's wrong 怎么了？
1) 询问 对方有什么问题或有什么不顺心的事，意为“怎么了？” “出什么事了？”。
2) 用于医生询问患者的病情，意为“怎么了？” “哪里不舒服？”
3) 用于询问某物出了什么毛病或故障，意为“（……）出什么毛病了？”。
3 guess v.猜测；估计
I guess....意为“我想...”与I think..意义相同，其中guess意为“猜测，估计” 后可跟名词、代词或从句等。
I guess he just likes books.我想他就是喜欢那些书。
拓展：I guess...的否定形式为：I don’t guess...
4 deal n.协议；交易
1）v. 处理；应付 deal with = do with处理；解决
How to deal with these difficulties？怎么解决这些难题？
2）n. 协议；交易 big deal 重要的事
It's no big deal! I can find another job any time.没什么大不了的! 我随时可以找到另一份工作。
3）n.意为“大量”, 常用于短语 a good/ great deal ( of sth.) 中
He reads a good/ great deal. 他读书很多。
She spent a good/ great deal of money.地花了很多钱。
5 argue v.争吵；争论
argue about sth 为某事争吵
argue with sb. = quarrel with sb. = have an argument with sb. 和某人争吵/争论
Ann is very friendly . She never argues with others .安娜很友好，她从不和别人争吵。
6 elder adj.年纪较长的
辨析：elder/older
①elder只可指人，用来比较年龄大小，尤指兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，只能用于名词前，作定语。
②older即可指人，表示“更大的”，又可指物，表示“旧的”可作定语，也可作表语。
My elder daughter is 4 years older than my younger daughter. And she likes older toys.我大女儿大我小女儿4岁，她喜欢旧娃娃。
7 instead adv.代替；反而；却
1）instead作副词, 意为“代替;反而;却”,修饰整个句子作状语。
Jack was ill, so I went instead.杰克病了,因此换了我去。
He never works, instead he plays all day and all night.他从不不工作,却整日整夜地玩。
2）instead of 代替；代表+sb./sth /doing sth
They talk instead of doing homework .他们聊天，而不做作业。
8 whatever pron.任何；每一
whatever = no matter what任何；每一；不管是什么+ 陈述句
Whatever he does , I agree.无论他做什么，我都同意。
拓展：whenever = no matter when 无论什么时候 however = no matter how无论怎么样
wherever = no matter where无论在哪里
10 offer v.主动提出；自愿给予
offer常作及物动词,意为“主动提出;自愿给予;提供”。常见结构为: offer to do sth.,offer sb. sth.和offer sth. to sb.
She offered to teach me French她主动提出教我法语。
He offered to do the chores.他主动提出做杂务。
They offered me several tickets.他们给了我几张票。
He will offer a house to the winner.他将提供一所房子给荻胜者。
辨析:offer/provide
①offer,“愿意给子;主动提出”,常用于sb.sth或 offer sth.tosb.结构:
She offered me a job.= She offered a job to me.地提供给我一份工作。
②provide, 为做好准备而“提供;供给”,常用于provide sb. with sth. 结构和 provide sth. for sb.
The school provided food for the students =The school provided the students with food.学校为学生们提供伙食。
11 secondly adv.第二；其次
secondly是副词，意为“第二，其次”，常与firstly,thirdly,....lastly等词连用，用于列举事实或理由等。
12 communicate v.交流；沟通
communicate with sb. “和某人沟通/交流
We should often communicate with our parents.我们经过和父母经常沟通。
13 explain v.解释；说明
explain常用作及物动词,意为“解释;说明”。explain sth. to sb. “向某人解释某事/某物”
Could you explain the meaning of the word 你能解释一下这个单词的意思吗
The doctor will explain how to take the medicine.医生会说明怎样服用这种药。
拓展： explain的名词形式为explanation
He left the room without explanation.他未加解释就离开了房间。
Her explanations are always difficult to believe.她的解释总是令人难以相信。
14 return v.归还；回来；返回
return sth to sb. / sp. (不与back 或again 连用)归还某物给某人
He returned the book to me yesterday.他昨天把书还给我了。
16 anymore adv.（常用于否定句和疑问句末）再也（不）；（不）再
anymore常用于否定句和疑问句末 再也(不) ；(不) 再
Your best friend does not trust you anymore.你最好的朋友再也不会信任你了。
17 pressure n.压力
pressure是不可数名词，意为“压力”，可指外界施加的压力或工作、生活中的压力，相当于stress.
under pressure 在压力之下；面临压力 put pressure on sb. 向某人施压
Parents often give their children so much pressure.父母经常给他们的孩子太多压力。
18 compete v.竞争；对抗
compete with 与…进行竞争
We can’t hope to compete with such a experienced team. 我们没有希望与如此经验丰富的队竞争。
拓展：1）compete构成的常见短语：
compete for为争取/得到（某种荣誉或奖项等）而比赛
compete in 参加（某项竞赛）
compete with/ against sb. for sth.为了某事/物和某人竞争
Thirty people had to compete for only ten openings .三十个人必须只为十个名额来竞争。
Five children competed in the race . 五个孩子参加这场比赛 。
2）competition可数名词,意为“比赛;竞争”
He came first in the writing competition.他在写作比赛中获得第一名。
Finally she won the competition.最终她赢得了比赛。
There will be a swimming competition next weekend.下个周末将有一场游沵比賽
19 opinion n.意见；想法；看法
in one's opinion 依...看
In my opinion, it’s better not to go. 以我的看法，还是不去好
辨析：opinion与advice
①opinion意思是“意见；看法”。指对某一事物的看法，意见，这种看法通常指依自己看来是正确的
或可能的，因此含有十分肯定的意味。
You should ask the opinion of the doctor .你应该问问医生的看法。
②advice 表示“忠告；意见”，侧重于提出意见的人比对方有更多的经验，知识，因而提出善意的或建
设性的忠告或意见；也可以指向有经验的人征求意见，是不可数名词，动词是advise 若说“一个忠告”
时，应用a piece of advice
He gave me some advice on how to learn English well.他给我一些关于如何学习英语的建议。
20 continue v.持续；继续存在
continue to do sth继续做某事（另一件事情）
continue doing sth继续做某事（原先事情）
continue with sth继续做某事
She continued to read while in hospital.住院期间，她继续阅读。
We continued working after the break .休息过后，我们继续工作。
21 compare v.比较
compare...with... 比较；对比；拿…与…相比较
You can’t compare our family with his.你不能把你的家庭和她的家庭作比较。
compare... to...把某物比作……
Life is compared to a stage . 人生被比作一个舞台。
22 push v.鞭策；督促；推动
push sb. to do sth. “督促某人做某事”
People shouldn’t push their kids so hard to study.人们不应该太压迫孩子去学习。
拓展：push的基本意思为“推动;移动;按”,可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。
I pushed the car but it didn't move我推了推车,但它不动。
Push the button if you want the elevator如果你要乘电梯,就按电钮。
辨析：push与pull
①push“推”,指施加给菜人或某物一个向前或向后的力,反义词为pull。
She pushed the door open quietly. 她悄悄地推开门。
②pull“拉;拖”,指用手把某物用力地向自己的方向拉并使其移动
I pulled the box into the room.我把箱子拖进了房间。
23 development n.发展；发育；成长
development此处作不可数名词,意为“发育;发展;成长”。
The doctor said the baby' s development was very good.医生说孩子的发育很好。
These vegetables are good for the healthy development of children.这些蔬菜有利于儿壹的健康成长。
拓展：① develop意为“发育;发展;发达”,可作及物或不及物动词。
Swimming will develop many different muscles.游泳会使身体各种肌肉发达。
Rain and sun develop plants.雨水和阳光使植物生长。
The story developed slowly.故事慢慢展开。
Plants develop from seeds.植物由种子发育而成。
② develop的形容词有两个: developed和 developing。前者意为“(经济)发达的”,后者意为“(经济)发展中的”。
America is a developed country.美国是一个发达国家。
China and India are developing countries.中国和印度是发展中国家
24 cause v.造成；引起
cause sb. to do sth. “导致某人做某事”
What caused him to change his mind 是什么导致他改变主意的？
25 usual adj.通常的；寻常的
as usual “像往常一样，照例”
拓展：usually adv. “通常”
26 perhaps adv.可能；大概；也许
perhaps 作副词，意为“可能，大概，也许”相当于maybe，常位于句首作状语。
辨析：perhaps , maybe , possible , probably 区别
①possible “或许；也许”，所指的可能性较小，为加强语气，可与can或could连用；may连用，表示
的可能性更小。
It may possibly be true . 也许是真的。
Please call me as soon as you possibly can . Could you possibly tell me the answer
②probably “很有可能；十之八九”，其语义较强，可能性较大。在否定句中，probably不能紧跟在否
定词之后。
It will probably be fine tomorrow . 明天大概会是晴天 。
③perhaps “或许”，含有“可能这样，也可能不这样”之意，其含义和用法与maybe一样，多用于口语。
Perhaps we will be late for work.或许我们上班会迟到。
Maybe是副词，意思是“可能；也许”，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps , 常位于句首。
④Maybe she’ll come this afternoon . 她可能今天下午来 。
在这几个单词中，语义最强的是probably , 其次是perhaps和maybe , 最弱的possibly .
maybe 和may be 可以互换。maybe是副词，而may be是情态动词+ be动词。
He may be in the office . = Maybe he is in the office .
二、课文对话及原文
1.Conversation
Dave: You look sad, Kim. What's wrong
Kim: Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. She took some of my new magazines and CDs.
Dave: Hmm...that's not very nice. Did she give them back to you
Kim: Yes, but I'm still angry with her. What should I do
Dave: Well, I guess you could tell her to say sorry. But why don't you forget about it so that you can be friends again Although she's wrong, it's not a big deal.
Kim: You're right. Thanks for your advice.
Dave: No problem. Hope things work out.
2.Passage
Dear Mr. Hunt,
My problem is that I can't get on with my family.Relations between my parents have become difficult. They fight a lot, and I really don't like it. It's the only communication they have.I don't know if I should say anything to them about this.
When they argue, it's like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. I don't think this is fair. At home I always feel lonely and nervous. Is that normal What can I do
Sad and Thirteen
Dear Sad and Thirteen,
It's not easy being your age, and it's normal to have these feelings. Why don't you talk about these feelings with your family If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication. Secondly, why don't you sit down and communicate with your brother
You should explain that you don't mind him watching TV all the time.However, he should let you watch your favorite show. I hope things will be better for you soon.
Robert Hunt
Maybe You Should Learn to Relax!
These days, Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after school classes. Many of them are learning exam skills so that they can get into a good high school and later a good university. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. However, this doesn't only happen in China.
The Taylors are a typical American family. Life for Cathy Taylor's three children is very busy. “On most days after school,” Cathy says, “I take one of my two boys to basketball practice and my daughter to football training.
Then I have to take my other son to piano lessons. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children's future.I really want them to be successful.” However, the tired children don't get home until after 7:00 p.m. They have a quick dinner, and then it's time for homework.
Linda Miller, a mother of three, knows all about such stress. “In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older,” she says. “Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. And they are always comparing them with other children. It's crazy.I don't think that's fair. Why don't they just let their kids be kids People shouldn't push their kids so hard.
Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child‘s development. Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.“Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. Although it's normal to want successful children, it's even more important to have happy children.”
三、重要知识点讲解
1 Why don't you talk to your parents 你为什么不和父母说说呢？
Why don' t you do sth. 是常见的提建议的句型,意为“你为什么不做某事呢 ”,与Why not do sth. ”同义
---Why don' t you talk to your friend 你为什么不和你的朋友谈谈呢 ---Good idea! 好主意!
该句型还有发出礼貌地邀请的用法。
Why not go to the movies with us 为什么不跟我们一起去看电影呢
I’d like to, but I have to study for the test.我很想去,但我得准备考试。
拓展：表示邀请或建议的句型
①What/ How about.., 意为“…… 怎么样/好吗
What/ How about watching TV 看电视怎么样
Sounds boring. 听上去很乏味。
② Would you like sth. 意为“你想要某物吗 ”
Would you like some apples 你想要一些苹果吗
Yes, please. Thanks.是的,请来几个。/不,谢谢.
③ Let' s do sth.意为“咱们做某事吧”。
Let' s sing a song!咱们唱首歌吧!
OK /All right. /Good idea/Sounds great./ Why not 行。/好的。/好主意。/听起来很好。/为什么不呢
④ You should(not) do sth.意为“你(不)应当做某事”。
You should go to the doctor.你应当去看医生
You shouldn't talk to your parents like this.你不应该这样对你父母说话。
⑤You' d better(not) do sth.意为“你最好(不)做某事”
You' d better call her at once,你最好马上给她打电话。
You' d better not go out.你最好不要出去。
⑥Would you mind ……？你介意做....吗？
Would you mind opening the door？你介意打开门吗？
2 I have to study too much so I don't get enough sleep.我不得不用功学习因此我得不到足够的眠。
1）此处so为连词,意为“因此;所以”,引导结果状语从句
He had a bad cold yesterday so he didn't go to school.昨天他患了重感冒,因此没有去上学。
These glasses are expensive so please be careful with them.这些玻璃杯很贵,因此请小心。
2）此处 sleep为不可数名词,意为“睡党;睡眠”
Do you ever talk in your sleep 你睡党时说梦话吗
We need at least eight hours of sleep every night.我们每晚至少需要8小时的睡眠。
拓展：sleep( slept, slept)也可作不及物动词,意为“睡觉”。
I didn't sleep well last night.我昨晚没睡好。
She goes to sleep at nine o' clock every night.她每晚9点睡觉
3 I have too much homework so I don't have any free time to do things I like我有太多的作业因此我没有空闲时间做我喜欢的事。
1）too much修饰不可数名词,意为“太多的”。
She always has too much work to do.她总是有太多的工作要做
Don' t give him too much stress.不要给他太多压力。
辨析: too much, much too与too many
①too much,意为“太多”。修怖不可数名词,置于名词前;也可修饰动词,放在动词后:
I have too much homework to do today今天我有太多的作业要做。
The doctor told him not to drink too much.医生告诉他不要喝太多酒。
The work is much too hard for me.
②much too意为“太”,修怖形容词或副词原级,表示程度:
Hes much too fat for his age.就他的年龄而言,他太胖了
③too many意为“太多”,修饰复数名词
There are too many people in the park.公国里有太多的人。
2）此处 to do things为动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词time
Would you like something to eat 你想要吃点什么吗
Kids have lots of homework to do every day.孩子们每天有许多作业要做。
3）此处 I like为省略关系代词that或 which的定语从句,修饰名词 things
This is the musician that I like.这是我喜欢的音乐家。
The show which I like is over.我喜欢的节目结束了。
4 My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和同学出去闲逛。
hang out( hung out)意为“闲逛;溜达”。
He often hangs out with his friends.他经常和朋友们一起闲连。
I just hang out and relax myself..我只是溜达一下,放松自己。
5 I'm really tired because I studied until midnight last night.(教材第25页)我真的很累因为我昨晚学习到半夜。
until为介词,意为“直到…为止”,同义词为till。
It may last until tomorrow.它可能要延续到明天。
Nothing happened until supper.直到晩饭时没有发生什么事。
Don’t open it until your birthday.直到你生日那天再打开它。
She didn't come home until eleven o' clock,她直到11点才回家。
拓展：until为连词,意为“直到…为止”,引导时间状语从句。
I will stay with you until your mother comes back.我会和你待在一起,直到你妈妈回来。
They worked in the field until it got dark.他们在田里干活到天黑。
辨析：till和until
till和until既可用作介词也可用作连词引导状语，until是till的强调形式，但是它们表达的意义基本是相同的.till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续.until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续）通常有以下几种用
①用于肯定句作“直到…为止”解时,主句的动词一般是延续到till/until所表示的时间为止。
He waits till/until the children are asleep. 他等着直到孩子们睡熟。
I shall stay here till/until twelve o'clock. 我将留在这里一直到十二点钟。
②用于否定句作“在…以前”、“直到才”解时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till/until所表示的时间才发生。
He didn't come till/until late in the morning. 他直到早上很迟才来。
He didn't arrive till/until the game had begun. 直到比赛开始他才到。
注意：主句为一般将来时，till/until引导的从句用一般现在时代替将来时。
The bus will not go till/until all the people get on it. 直到所有的人都上了车，车才开走。
③用于延续性动词的肯定或否定句中，till/until和not... till/until...其含义不同。
The meeting continued until /till 7:00. 会议一直开到七点。
We didn't have the meeting until /till 7:00. 直到七点我们才开始会议。
④如何判断主句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式
“until” 在否定句后面有“before”（在…以前的时候）的意思，比较着重从某时以前的一个时期，通常可用“before”代替。
Angel did not leave school until (or: before) eight p. m. 直到晚上八点，安琪儿才离开学校。 (八点前，安琪儿仍在学校。)
同学在用 “until”时，不妨用 “before”代入，看看句子的意思有否因中文的习惯而表达错误了。再看下面的 (×) The teacher will give the answer until we have finished the exercise.
若用“before” 代替“until”，同学很快发现此句的意思有点不合情理。故应将 “until”前面的子句写成否定句： (√) The teacher will not give the answer until we have finished the exercise.
直到我们完成作业，老师才给我们答案。（在我们未完成作业前，老师是不会给我们答案的。）
⑤用于“not...until...”的句式可以转换成when 或after引导的时间状语从句，但主句必须要用肯定形式。They didn't get off until the train came to a complete stop.
=They got off after the train came to a complete stop. 火车停了他们才下车。
The student won't come into the classroom until the teachers finish their work.
=The students will come into the classroom when the teachers finish their work.
当老师们完成工作时，学生们将走进教室。
⑥用于“It is / was not until+ (被强调部分) + that+(其它成分) (that后面肯定句)”或含有“not...until...”的强调结构中，其中的until不能改为till。
1. It was not until the film had begun that he arrived. 直到电影开始他才到。
2. It is not until 8:00 that we begin our class every day. 我们每天八点开始上课。
⑦not until放在句首时，句子要倒装，其中的until不能改为till。
Not until the last moment did he change his mind. 直到最后一刻他才改变主意。
Not until midnight did it stop raining. 直到午夜雨才停。
⑧句首通常只用until,不用till
Until then, I knew nothing at all about it. 在那之前，我对此事一无所知。
Until you told me I had no idea of it. 在你告诉我之前，我对此一无所知。
⑨when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。
---Until when are you staying 你呆到什么时候？--- Until next Monday. 呆到下周一。
⑩某些固定词组或谚语中通常只用till。
from morning till night 从早到晚 up till now直到现在
6 Why don't you go to sleep earlier this evening.为什么今晚你不早点儿去睡呢
辨析:go to sleep, go to bed与sleep
①go to sleep“去睡觉;入睡”,强调动作
He went to sleep early, for he was very tired.他早早去睡觉了,因为他很累
②go to bed,“去睡觉”,与 get up相对,表示上床去睡这个动作
He often goes to bed at nine. 他经常9点上床睡觉。
③sleep“睡觉”,不及物动词,强调睡的全过程,为延续性动词。
She sleeps for just six hours. 她只睡了6个小时。
7 I’m not good at writing letters.我不擅长写信。
be good at意为“擅长; 在…(方面)做得好”, 后面接名词、代词或动名词。其同义短语为 do well in。
He is good at maths.= He does well in maths.他擅长数学。
Mary is better at swimming than Alice.玛丽比艾丽斯擅长游泳。
辨析: be good at, be good for, be good to与 be good with
①be good at “擅长;在…(方面)做得好”,后面接表示人或物的名词或代词
He was good at drawing horses.他擅长画马。
②be good for “对……有益(有用)”, 后接表示人或物的名词或代词
Drinking more water is good for you. 多喝水对你有好处。
③be good to “对……好（和善）” 后面接人或人格化
She is very good to her neighbors.她对她的邻居很和善。
④be good with “与……相处得好”, 后面接表示人的名词。
He is very good with the children.他与这些孩子相处得很好。
8 I don't want to talk about it on the phone.我不想在电话里谈论这件事。
talk about意为“谈论”, 后面接人或事。
They are talking about Whitney Huston.他们在谈论患特妮·休斯顿。
He talked about his plan.他谈了他的计划。
9 Well, I found my sister Looking through my things yesterday.哦,昨天我发现我妹妹在翻阅我的东西。
look through意为“翻阅;浏览;仔细看”,为“动词十介词”短语,后面接物
Look through your notes before the exam.考试前把你的笔记仔细看看。
Look through the passage quickly and answer the questions.快速浏览短文,回答问题。
拓展：look相关短语
look after = take care of 照顾；照看 look at sth / sb 看某物/某人（强调动作）
look out of 朝… 外看 look out 当心；小心
look around 四下环顾；到处寻找 look like 看起来像
look for寻找 look back on 回想；回顾
look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 look down on看不起
look on... as 把…看作 look into 朝里看
look up 抬头看；查；找出 look over 仔细检查；翻阅
10 Although shes wrong, it's not a big deal.尽管她不对,但它不是什么大不了的事。
在英语中,如果用了 although或though,就不能再用but。although作连词,意为“虽然;尽管”, 引导让步状语从句:
Although we all tried, we lost the game.尽管我们都努力了,但是我们输了比赛。
They had to work outside, although it was cold.虽然天气很冷,他们还得在外面工作。
11 My problem is that I can't get on with my family.我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处。
get on with sb.意为“和某人和睦相处;和某人关系很好”,同义短语为 get along( well) with sb.
She can' t get on with her sister. 地不能和她姝妺和睦相处。
They don' t get on with each other. 他们彼此关系不好。
拓展：① get on with sth. (= get along with sth.) 意为“取得进展”。
I'm not getting on very fast with this work我这项工作进展不是很快。
② get on(= get along)意为“进展;进步”,后接副词或用于how引导的疑问句中
Linda is getting on well at school. 琳达在学校进步很大。
How are you getting on these days 你近来生活如何
12 Relations between my parents have become difficult.我父母之间的关系已经变得不易相处。
1）between作介词,意为“在两者之间”; 也可指在众多事物的每两者之间。
Children between 5 and 16 should.5到16岁的孩子应该上学。
I’m usually free between Wednesday and Friday.我在周三至周五之间通常有空
Students have a short break between classes.学生们课间有个短暂的休息。
2）此处 have become为现在完成时态,意为“已经变得”。现在完成时的基本用法是表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,谓语部分由“助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”构成。
They have passed the exam. 他们已经通过了考试
She has already arrived. 地已经到了
13 They fight a lot, and I really don’t like it. (教材第27页)他们经常吵架,我真的不喜欢这样。
a lot此处修饰动词 fight, 意为“很;非常;常常”。
She laughed a lot.地笑得很厉害
拓展：①a lot可与形容词或副词比较级连用,意为“很;非常”。
I'm feeling a lot better today. 我今天感觉好多了。
② a lot of(或 lots of)作形容词,修饰复数名词或不可数名词,意为“许多;大量”。
There are a lot of people in the park.公因里有许多人。
14 I don’t know if I should say anything to them about this.我不知道我是否应该就这件事对他们说点什么。
if作连词,此处引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,同义词为 whether。
I don' t know if/ whether he will come.我不知道他是否会来。
He asked if/ whether we were hungry.他问我们是否饿了。
拓展：if作连词,还常用来引导条件状语从句,意为“如果;假如”。
Well go to play football if it doesn't rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨的话,我们就去踢足球
15 You left your homework at home.你把作业忘在家里了。
此处 leave(left,left)作及物动动词,意为“遗留;未拿或未带”,在汉语中常说“忘记”。
I left my bag on the bus.我把包忘在公共汽车上了。
He left his coat at the party.他把外套忘在聚会那儿了。
辨析: leave与 forget
①leave“遣留;落下”, 指把某物忘在某地
She left her keys in the room. 她把钥匙忘在房间里了。
②“忘记”,指由于记忆上的忽略而忘记了某人或某事
I forgot her address. 我忘了地的地址。
拓展① leave作不及物动词, 意为“离开”。
It' s time for us to leave. 我们该走了。
When did he leave 他什么时候离开的
② leave作及物动词, 还有“离开; 留下；剩下”等意思。
He left his hometown at the age of 15.他15岁时离开了家乡
Could I leave her a message 我可以给她留个言吗
There are five days left before I return to school还剩下5天,我就要回学校了。
16 Your best friend does not trust you any more.你最好的朋友不再信任你。
not… any more意为“不再”,相当于 no more。
He didn' t smoke any more.他不再吸烟了。
I won' t copy his homework any more.,我不会再抄他的作业了。
17 I really want them to be successful.我真想要他们成功。
successful形容词,意为“成功的”,可作表语或定语;作表语时,常用结构 be successful in。
The operation was very successful.手术很成功。
She wants to be a successful writer.地想成为一名成功的作家
He was successful in his studies.他在学业上很成功。
She was successful in finding a new job.她成功地找到一份断工作。
拓展：1）success 用作不可数名词,意为“成功;成名”;用作可数名词,意为“成功者;达到目的的人或事”。
Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功功之母。
The English evening party was a success.英语晚会开得很成功。
2）succeed作不及物动词,意为“成功;达到目的”,后面可接介词短语 in sth./ doing sth
I believe our plan will succeed.我相信我们的计划会成功。
He succeeded in saving the boy' s life.他成功地挽救了那个男孩的生命。
18 And they are always com paring them with other children.并且她们总是把他们和别的孩子对比。
1）always副词,意为“总是;始终”,此处用于进行时,表示再三的、多次的重复行为,常带有厌恶、赞扬等感彩,不表示某时刻正在发生的动作。
The little girl is always crying.这个小女孩总是哭。
He was always trying out some new ideas.他总是试验一些新的想法
2）此处 compare作及物动词,意为“比较;对比”。
Compare these sentences.比較这些句子。
We compared this picture with that one.我们把这幅画和那幅画做了一下比较。
Some people compare books to friends.有些人把书比作朋友。
四、单元语法
连词until、so that、 although
1）until 引导时间状语从句
主句是肯定句时，其谓语动词用延续性动词，强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生为止，意为“直到……为止”；主句是否定句时，其谓语动词用非延续性动词，侧重主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始，意为“直到...才...”。
I’ll stay here until you come back.我会待在这里，直到你回来为止。
I will wait for him until he comes.我要一直等到他来为止。
I didn’t go to bed until Mom came back.直到妈妈回来后我才上床睡觉。
We didn’t start our discussion until he came.直到他来了，我们才开始讨论。
2）so that 引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句
①so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”，在口语中，that 可以省略；相当于in order that，意为“为了”，此时从句中多含有can, could 等情态动词。
I took a taxi so that I could get there early. 我乘坐了一辆出租车，为了能早点儿到那儿。
②so that 意为“因此；所以”，引导结果状语从句，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带情态动词。
He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他努力学习，因此他通过了考试。
3）although 引导让步状语从句
although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管；即使”，可以用though替换，从句位于句首、句末都可以；although 或though 不能与but，however连用，但可与yet, still 连用。
Although she was in poor health, she continued to carry out her duties.尽管她身体不好，但她继续履行她的职责。
He went to school although he was very ill. 即使他病得很重，他还是去上学了。

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