资源简介

Unit7 What's the highest mountain in the world
单词短语及重点句型
重点单词 1.square [skwe ]n.平方；正方形 2.meter [ mi t ]n.米；公尺 3.deep [di p]adj.深的；纵深的 4.desert [ dez t]n.沙漠 5.population [ p pj le n]n.人口；人口数量 6.Asia ['e ]n.亚洲 7.tour [t ]n.&v.旅行；旅游 8.tourist [ t r st]n.旅行者；观光者 9.wall [w l]n.墙 10.amazing [ me z ]adj.令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜（或惊叹）的 11.ancient [ e n nt]adj.古代的；古老的 12.protect [pr tekt]v.保护；防护 13.wide [wa d]adj.宽的；宽阔的 14.achievement [ t i vm nt]n.成就；成绩 15.southwestern [sa θ'west n]n/adj.西南的；西南方向的 16.thick [θ k]adj.厚的；浓的 17.include [ n klu d]v.包括；包含 18.freezing [ fri z ] adj.极冷的；冰冻的 19.condition [k n d n]n.条件；状况 20.succeed [s k si d]v.实现目标；成功 21.challenge [ t l nd ]v. & n.挑战；考验 22.achieve [ t i v]v.达到；完成；成功 23.force [f s]n.力；力量 24.nature [ ne t ]n.自然界；大自然 25.ocean [ n]n.大海；海洋 26.Qomolangma [ t m lɑ m ]n.珠穆朗玛峰 27.weigh [we ]v.重量是…；称…的重量 28.birth [b θ]n.出生；诞生 29.adult [ d lt]adj.成年的；成人的；n.成人；成年动物 30.bamboo [b m bu ] n.竹子 31.endangered [ n de nd d]adj.濒危的 32.research [r s t ]n.&v.研究；调查 33.keeper [ ki p ]n.饲养员；保管人 34.awake [ we k]adj.醒着 35.excitement [ k sa tm nt]n.激动；兴奋 36.illness [ ln s]n.疾病；病 37.remaining [r me n ]adj.遗留的；剩余的 38.artwork ['ɑ tw k]n.图片；插图 39.wild [wa ld]adj.野生的 40.government ['ɡ v nm nt]n.政府；内阁 41.whale [we l]n.鲸 42.oil [ l]n.油；食用油；石油 43.protection [pr tek n]n.保护；保卫 44.huge [hju d ]adj.巨大的；极多的
重点短语 1.the population of China 中国的人口 2.one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一 3.feel free to do sth.随意地做某事 4.as far as I know 据我所知 5.live up to 活到... 6.higher than any other mountain 比其他任何一座山高 7.of all...在所有的...中 8.run along 绵延，横亘... 9.another 200 or so还有大约200左右 10.risk their lives冒着他们的生命危险 11, in the face of difficulties 面临困难 12.take in air 呼吸空气 13.achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想 14.the forces of nature 自然界的力量 15.even though 虽然;尽管 16.at birth 在出生的时候 17.run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去 18.walk into sb.撞到某人 19.die from…死于… 20.fall over 被…绊倒 21.cut down the forests 砍伐林木 22.endangered animals 濒危动物 23.the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性 24.be in danger 处于危险之中 25.make more homes for the pandas为大熊猫建造更多的家园 26.wild animals野生动物sea life海洋生物 27.protect...from...保护...免于...的伤害 28.stop putting rubbish into the sea停止往大海里丢垃圾 29.in the remaining forests在剩下的森林里
常考句型 1.I’m going to test you. 我将要考考你们. 2.Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山都要高。 3.The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 4.The Caspian Sea is the deepest salt lake in the world. 里海是世界上最深的盐湖。 5.The Nile is the longest river in the world. 尼罗河是世界上最长的河。 6.The Amazon is the second longest river in the world. 亚马孙河是世界上的第二大长河。 7.China is one of the oldest countries in the world. 中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。 8.China has over 5000 years’ history. 中国有超过5000年的历史。 9.The United States is one of the youngest countries in the world. 美国是世界上最年轻的国家之一。 10.China has the biggest population.中国有着最多的人口 11.China is about the same size as the US. 中国的面积和美国差不多。 12.China is the biggest country in Asia. 中国是亚洲最大的国家 13.The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia. 长江是亚洲最长的河流。 14.The Yangtze River is about 6300 kilometers long. 长江大约6300千米长。 15.The Yellow River and The Yangtze River both are very important to China. 黄河和长江对中国都很重要。 16.Why did the ancient emperors build the wall 为什么古代的君王要修建长城？ 17.Badaling is the famous part of the Ming Great Wall. 八达岭是明城墙最著名的一部分。 18.One of the World’s most dangerous sport is mountain climbing.世界上最危险的运动之一是爬山。 19.No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean. 世界上没有哪个大洋和太平洋一样大。 20.The baby pandas are much smaller than the adult pandas.幼年大熊猫比成年大熊猫小得多。 21.An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby.成年大熊猫比幼年大熊猫重好几倍。 22.Pandas do not have many babies.熊猫确实没有太多的小孩子。 23.A tiger is much stronger than a man. 一个老虎比一个人壮得多。
一、单词讲解
1 square n.平方；正方形
1）n. 平方；正方形
The room is 9 square meters.这个房间9平方米。
2）n. 广场
This is my first time to Tiananmen Square.这是我第一次来天安门广场。
2 population n.人口；人口数量
population意为“人口”时，是一个集体名词，被看作一个整体，在句中做主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
The population of China is large. 中国人口众多。
拓展：1) 当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时，常用以下两种结构，即“the population of + 某地 + is + 数词”或“某地 + has a population of + 数词”。
The population of London is over ten million. =London has a population of over ten million. 伦敦的人口超过一千万。
2）population可与large，small搭配，但不能与many，few搭配。
The city with its large population has become crowded.这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。
3）询问人口数量常用what或how large。
What’s the population of the city =How large is the population of the city 这个城市有多少人口？
4）population前有修饰词，如分数、百分数时，表示整体人口中的一部分，谓语动词用复数形式。One half of the population of the city are farmers. 这个城市的一半人口是农民。
辨析：population和people的区别。前者通常用what来提问，后者用how many 来提问。
How many people are there in the world 世界上有多少人？
3 protect v.保护；防护
protect作及物动词，意为“保护”，常用搭配protect sb./sth. from/against…意为“保护某人/某物免受…伤害”。
We should protect rare animals.我们应该保护珍稀动物。
4 achievement n.成就；成绩
achievement作名词，意为“成就；成绩”。
The invention of the computer is a great achievement. 发明电脑是一大成就。
拓展：achieve v.成就；完成
1）achieve作及物动词，意为“完成；实现”。
You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way. 你若总是这样消磨时间，就永远不会有所成就。
2）achieve作及物动词，意为“达到；赢得”。
The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen. 那位演员十九岁时就成名了。
5 include v.包括；包含
include作动词，意为“包括；包含”。
The price for the hotel includes breakfast. 旅店的费用包括早餐在内。
The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里有一本字典。
拓展：including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用，和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括…在内”。
There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.
有很多种月饼，包括水果的，咖啡的和火腿月饼。
There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.班里有40名学生，包括我在内。
同样，included也有介词用法，且：including + 宾语 = 宾语 + included。
所以上个例句亦可写成：There are 40 students in the classroom, me included.
6 condition n.条件；状况
in good/bad/excellent condition 状况好/糟糕/极佳 out of condition健康状况不佳
living/working conditions 生活/工作条件
7 succeed v.实现目标；成功
succeed作不及物动词，意为“成功”；表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接in doing sth。例如：
His plan succeeded.他的计划成功了。
拓展：1）success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，作不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
2）successful作形容词，意为“成功的”。
The performance was successful. 演出很成功。
8 challenge v. & n.挑战；考验
1）challenge作动词，意为“挑战、考验”，challenge sb. to (do) sth.表示“向…某人挑战做某事”。
He challenged me to play chess.他向我挑战下象棋。
2）challenge作可数名词，意为“挑战；比赛等的邀请” 常跟介词短语to或动词不定式。
a challenge to sth.对某事来说是个挑战 a challenge to do sth.做某事是个挑战
face a challenge面临挑战 meet the challenge of...迎接…的挑战
accept/take up a challenge接受挑战
We accepted their challenge to a baseball game. 我们接受了他们棒球邀请的挑战。
9 force n.力；力量
1）force作名词，意为“力；力量；武力”。
The force of the explosion broke all the windows in the building. 爆炸的力量震碎了这座建筑上的所有窗户。
The law should remain in force. 法律应当有效力。
We’ll settle the problem by force if necessary. 如果有必要的话，我们会用武力解决这个问题。
2）force作动词，意为“强迫”。force sb. to do sth.意为“强迫某人做某事”。
I can’t force him to stay. 我不能强迫他暂时留下来。
10 weigh v.重量是…；称…的重量
weigh表示“称…的重量”，是及物动词；表示“重(多少)”，是不及物动词。
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
Do you often weigh yourself 你经常称体重吗
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重五磅。
拓展：weight是名词，意为“重量，体重”。
What’s your weight 你体重是多少？
比较：by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”，in weight表示“重量上”。
Do they charge carriage by weight 他们是按重量收取运费吗
11 birth n.出生；诞生
birth作名词，意为“出生，诞生”
Do you know his date of birth？你知道他的出生日期吗？
at birth相当于 when one was born，表示“出生时” give birth to sb./sth.生孩子/产仔
The baby weighed three kilos at birth. 这个婴儿出生时体重为三公斤。
She gave birth to a second child in January.一月她又生了一个孩子。
12 awake adj.醒着
awake在句中常作表语。反义词是asleep。
Is he awake or asleep？他是醒着还是睡着了？
拓展：wake v.叫醒；醒来（过去式是woke）
wake up/wake sb. up 醒来；叫醒某人。
二、课文对话及原文
1.Conversation
Guide: Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour.
Tourist 1: How long is the wall
Guide: Ah, the most popular question! If we're only talking about the parts from the Ming Dynasty, it’s about 8, 850 kilometers long. This makes it the longest wall in the world.
Tourist 2: Wow, that’s amazing! Why did the ancient emperors build the wall
Guide: The main reason was to protect their part of the country. As you can see, it’s quite tall and wide. As far as I know, there are no other man made objects as big as this.
Tourist 3: Is Badaling part of the Ming Great Wall
Guide: Yes, it's the most famous part.
2.Passage
Qomolangma—the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World
One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas.The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. It is 8, 844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb.
Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.
Why do so many climbers risk their lives One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.
It is 8: 30 a.m. at the Chengdu Research Base. Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast. At 9: 00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry.When the babies see the keepers, they run over to them with excitement and some of the young pandas even walk into their friends and fall over!
Lin Wei, one of the panda keepers, says “They’re so cute and lovely. I take care of them like they’re my own babies.
I wash, feed and play with them every day. They're very special to me.” In fact, many people around the world love these black and white animals. Pandas have become so popular that they are now a symbol of China.
Scientists say there are now fewer than 2, 000 pandas living in the forests. Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years.
The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. Many years ago, there were a lot more bamboo forests and pandas in China, but then humans started to cut down these forests. As the forests get smaller and other human activities cause more problems, pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies.
An education program in Chengdu teaches children about pandas and other endangered wild animals. They send people to schools to tell children about the importance of saving these animals. And the Chinese government is trying hard to help save the pandas. Scientists are doing research to better understand the habits of pandas. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas.
三、重要知识点讲解 .?
1 1,025 meters deep1025米深
描述“长宽高深”的两种句型：
1）数字+单位+“长宽高深”的形容词（long, wide, high, deep等）
eg. The hotel pool is 15 metres long. 酒店泳池有15米长
2）数字+单位+in+“长宽高深”的名词（length, width, height, depth等）
The hotel pool is 15 metres in length.
2 Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山都高。
1）any other “其他任何一个” ，后接可数名词单数；指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物；通常用于比较级，多用于同一范围内相比较。
Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国的其他城市都大。
2）“any other +可数名词单数” 可与 “the other +可数名词复数”互换，也可用最高级形式表达。
Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class.(any other + 可数名词单数）
= Lucy is the most careful in her class.
3 As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.就我所知，再没有其他像它这样大的人工建筑物了。
as far as I know 为固定表达，相当于so far as I know。类似的表达有：as /so far as I can see” 依我看”。
As far as I know, more and more students like reading in the library.就我所知，越来越多的学生喜欢在图书馆里阅读。
As far as I can see, there is no difference between the two computers. 在我看来，这两台电脑没有差别。
4 One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas.世界上最危险的运动之一就是爬山，最出名的地方之一就是喜马拉雅山。
“one of+the+形容词最高级+复数可数名词”指在某一个范围内“最…之一”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Mary is one of the best students in our class.玛丽是我们班最好的学生之一。
5 It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你接近山顶的时候，呼吸空气会变得非常困难。
take in意为“吸入；吞入（体内）”。
On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.
周末，史密斯一家常驱车到农村去呼吸那里的新鲜空气。
拓展：1)take in意为“领会；理解”。
Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.
动手翻译句子之前，首先要理解单词的含义。
2）take in意为“欺骗；蒙蔽”。
Law will protect the girl taken in and sold by the abductor.法律将保护那位被人贩子欺骗和拐卖的姑娘。
3）take in意为“接收；收留”。
The poor man had nowhere to live in, so we took him in.那个可怜的人没有地方住，所以我们让他住在我家。
6 in the face意为“面对（问题或者困难）”
They showed courage in the face of danger.面对危险的时候，他们展示出了勇气。
7 Canada is a lot less crowded than China.加拿大不及中国拥挤很多。
less+adj+than不及比较
Joseph is less honest than his brother. 约瑟夫不像他兄弟那样诚实。
less than（中间不加任何词）―少于
There are less than 30 girls in my class.我们班不足30个女生。
more than（中间不加任何词）―超过，多于，相当于over‖
There are more than 30 girls in my class.我们班有超过30个女生。
8 The elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。
1）time “是....的几倍”；主语 + 数词 + times + as +形容词+ as +被比较的内容
Our new school is four times as big as the old one.我们的新学校的以前的四倍大。
2）“次数”
once一次 twice两次 three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次
It’s time for sth .或 It’s time ( for sb .) to do sth .意为：该是……的时候了
It’s time for dinner .该是吃晚餐的时候了。
It’s time for children to go to bed .是小孩睡觉的时候了。
9 A panda can live up to...熊猫最多可以活到...
1）up to表示“达到（某种数量或者程度）”
The theatre can hold up to 500 people.这个电影院最多可以容纳500人。
2）be up to sb.“由某人决定”
You can leave today or tomorrow. It is up to you.
10 Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast. 熊猫饲养员正在为熊猫爸爸准备早餐牛奶。
① prepare for sth.“为…做准备”
They are preparing for the party tonight.他们正在为今晚的派对做准备。
② prepare...for...“为……准备……”
We should prepare some sweets for Children’s Day.我们要为儿童节准备一些糖果。
③ be prepared for“为…作准备”
The players are well prepared for the match.运动员已经为比赛做好准备。
11 Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers . 另外还有大约300只大熊猫生活在动物园或研究中国。
or so意为“大约”，放在数量词后面，表示大约的概念。
There are 30 workers or so in the factory.
When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall down! 当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！
1）run over 撞倒
2）辨析：fall over, fall down与fall off的区别
fall over 意为“绊倒”，强调“向前摔倒；跌倒”
fall down 意为“倒下”，强调“滑倒；倒下”
fall off 意为“跌落”，强调“从某处跌落；从某处掉下来”
13 The baby often die from illness and do not live very long.熊猫幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久。
辨析：die from 与 die of
①die from 通常在外部原因（事故，自然灾害等）造成的死亡
②die of通常指人体自身原因（年老，忧伤，饥饿等）造成的死亡
表示死于疾病时，二者可以互换。
He died from overwork.他因工作过度劳累而死。
The famous writer died of/from cancer last year.那位著名的作家去年死于癌症。
14 But then humans started to cut down the forests, and there was less bamboo for the pandas.但是后来人类开始砍伐森林，导致可供熊猫吃的竹子越来越少。
cut down 砍伐；砍倒 cut down 砍倒，减少，降低，缩短
The little boy cut down the young tree.那个小男孩把那个小树砍倒了。
拓展：与cut有关的短语
cut sth from sth 切下，割下 cut sth away 切除，剪去 cut up 切碎 cut off切断，停止
15 Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the remaining forests.科学家们说现在只有不到2000只大熊猫生活在幸存的森林中了。
1）There be + 名词（短语）+ ving.某处有某人或某物在做某事
There is a truck collecting rubbish outside.外面一辆垃圾车正在回收垃圾。
2）remind v保持，仍是（系动词+adj.）
Though he has been working hard, his math remains bad.虽然他努力学习，但是他的数学还是很糟糕。
四、单元语法
基数词
1）基数词的构成。
基数词1-12是独立的单词。
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
基数词13-19是在个位数后面加-teen构成，其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen是不规则变化。
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
整十的基数词20-90是在个位数词后面加-ty构成，其中twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty是不规则变化。
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
非整十基数词21-99是在十位数后面加上个位数构成，中间加上连字符“-”。
twenty-one, seventy-six, eighty-eight
三位数以上的基数词，百位数和十位数之间用and连接。
two hundred and one, three thousand five hundred and fourteen
英语中没有“万”和“亿”这两个单位，在表示“万”和“亿”时，把“万”念成10个千，“十万”念成100个千，“亿”念成100个百万……以此类推。
10,000：ten thousand
100,000: a hundred thousand
100,000,000: a hundred million
35, 845: thirty-five thousand, eight hundred and forty-five
2）hundred, thousand, million 和billion的用法。
hundred, thousand, million和billion等表示确切数字时，只用其单数形式；但是在表示不确切数字时，要用其复数形式，并且与of连用，表示约数。
There are more than three hundred days in a year. 一年有三百多天。
Thousands of visitors travel to the Great Wall every year. 每年有成千上万的游客游玩长城。
3）基数词表示编号
Lesson Five (the fifth lesson) 第五课
Room 306 306房间
Page Twelve (the twelfth page) 第十二页
Class One, Grade Six 六年级一班
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1）形容词比较级的变化规则
规则变化
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词+er/est short shorter shortest
cold colder coldest
以不发音e结尾的词+r/st wide wider widest
large larger largest
单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+er/est big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i+er/est heavy heavier heaviest
busy busier busiest
多音节词在前面+more/most important more important most important
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly/ill worse worst
old older/elder oldest/eldest
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
2）形容词比较级用法。
①比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A is 比较级 than B”。
My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行车比她的漂亮。
He works harder than before. 他工作比以前努力。
②表示两者之间选择，用“which/who is 比较级，A or B？”表示“两者之间较…之一”时，用“the + 比较级”结构。
Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth 哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球？
He is the thinner of the two. 他是两人中较瘦的那个。
③“越来越…”用“比较级and 比较级”结构，多音节和部分双音节词用“more and more 原级”。
The weather is becoming colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。
She is becoming more and more beautiful. 她变得越来越美了。
④表示“越…越…”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。
The more careful you are, the more points you will get. 你越细心，得分越多。
⑤数量的词+比较级+than，...比...大几岁/重几斤/高几厘米
Bob is 3 years older than Tom.Bob比Tom 大3岁。
3）形容词最高级用法。
①表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为“the + 最高级+in/of + 范围”。
The picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画中最好的。
She is the most beautiful girl in the class. 她是班上最美的女孩。
②表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“which/who is the+最高级，A, B or C？”。
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill 汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高？
③表示“最…之一”用“one of the最高级+可数名词复数”。
She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
④形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“第几…”。
She is the second tallest girl in our class. 她是我班上第二高的女孩。
⑤比较级和最高级之间的互换。
He is taller than any other boy in our class.= He is taller than the other boys in our class.= He is the tallest boy in our class.
注意比较以下两个句子：
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（范围之内）
= Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.（范围之外）

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