资源简介

情 态 动 词
情态动词有can(could)，may(might)，must，have to，shall(should)，will(would)，need等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完整，因此不能单独作谓语，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。情态动词无人称和数的变化；含有情态动词的否定都由“情态动词+not”构成。含有情态动词的疑问句把情态动词提前。
一 can，could的用法
1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能），意为（ ）。
Can you lift this heavy box （体力）
Mary can speak three languages.（知识）
Can you skate （技能）
注意：此时可用be able to代替。
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用（ ），不能用can。
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2)表示客观可能性、各管条件允许。（客观原因形成的能力）。
This hall can hold 500 people at least.
你可以在湖面上滑冰了（冰层够厚的了）。
3)表示请求和允许，意为（ ）。
—Can I go now
—Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与（ ）互换。在疑问句中还可用（ ）代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
—Could I come to see you tomorrow
—
4)表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true
How can you be so careless! 你怎么会这么粗心！
5)could是can的过去式，（ ）。
I could swim when I was seven years.
6)以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别用（ ）；以could开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答和否定回答分别用（ ）。
—Could you skate last year 你去年会滑冰吗？
—Yes, I could.
二 may，might
1)表示请求和允许，意为“可以”。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。在此用法中may和第一人称连用时用一般疑问句，其否定回答用（ ），意为（ ）。不用may not。
—Might/ May I smoke in this room
—No, you mustn’t.
—May/Might I take this book out of the room
—Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed/success! 祝你成功 ！
3）表示推测、可能性，意为“也许、可能”，用于肯定句（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
He may /might be very busy now.
Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三. must，have to
1)表示（ ）。
You must come in time.
以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用（ ）；如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用（ ）。
—Must we hand in our exercise books today
—Yes, you must.
—No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
must是说话人的主观看法，而have to（不得不、必须）则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，have to有更多的时态形式。
The play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
I had to work when I was your age.
2)表示推测、可能性，（ ）（只用于肯定的陈述句）。在疑问句和否定句中一般用can，否定句中也可用may，但may not表示“可能不”，而can’t表示“不可能”。
You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四. need
1) need（ ）作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must，have to，ought to，should代替。need提问，肯定回答用（ ），否定回答用（ ）。
You needn’t come so early.
—Need I finish the work today
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
2) need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，用助动词提问或否定，need后面接带to的不定式，加doing表被动意义。
He needs to finish his homework today.
五. shall，should
1) shall用于第一人称，（ ）。
What shall we do this evening
2) shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)
He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)
He shall be punished.(威胁)
3) should表示义务、责任，（ ），
I should help her because she is in trouble.
表示劝告、建议和命令。
You should go to class right away.
Should I open the window
注意：后接动词的完成式时，表示过去的事情，肯定结构表示该做没做；否定结构表示不该做，但发生了。
六. will，would
1)表示请求、委婉地询问等，would更委婉。主要用于第二人称的疑问句。
Will/Would you pass me the ball, please
2)表示意志、愿望和决心（现在的愿望）。
I will never do that again.
We will do anything for you.
3)would表示委婉地询问或过去的意愿。
They asked him if he would go abroad.
七. had better的用法
had better+动词原形 表示“最好做某事”，否定式用had better not do。 疑问句把better提前。
You'd better stay at home. 你最好待在家里。
情态动词注意点：
1. can 和 be able to
can和be able to都可以表示能力。但be able to可以表达“某事终于成功”，而can无法表达此意。can只有一般现在时和一般过去时(could)，be able to有现在时、过去时和将来时。另外，两者不能重叠使用。
Jim couldn’t speak Chinese last year, but now he can.
吉姆去年不会说汉语，但现在他会了。
We will be able to come back next week.
我们下周能回来。
2. can和may表示可能性时的区别
(1)在肯定句中用may表示可能。
You had better ask the policeman. He may know.
你最好问那个警察，他可能知道。
(2)在否定句中，若语气肯定，表示“不可能”时用can’t；若语气不肯定，表示“可能不”时用may not。如
Mr. Li can’t be in. He has gone to Beijing for a holiday.
李老师不可能在家，他去北京度假了。
3. would，should，could，might等过去式有时不表示过去，而是表示更委婉客气的语气。
Would you tell me the way to the park
您可以告诉我怎么去公园吗
4. must 和 have/has to
must和have/has山的意思均为“必须”。常可互换使用。但have/has to是用于强调客观需要，意为“必须，不得不”must于表示主观看法，意为“必须”。如
We’ll have to ask Zhang Hong instead.
我们必须去问张红了。
We must work hard at school.
在学校我们必须努力学习。
5. maybe 和 may be
may为情态动词，后加动词原形be，用在句中；maybe为副词，意为“大概、也许”，相当于perhaps，用于句首。
6. can’t 和 mustn’t
表示否定推测时应用can’t，是“不可能”的意思；mustn’t是“禁止、不允许”的意思，不能用来表推测，而must在肯定句中表推测，意为“一定”。
题组：根据汉语提示完成句子
He ______ work hard. 他必须努力工作。
He ______ walk home. 他不得不步行回家。
Li Hong may ____ her way. 李红可能迷路了。
He ______ be in the room. 他不可能在房间里
He _____ swim when he was five years old. 他五岁时就会游泳。
______ I borrow your pen 我可以借用你的钢笔吗
一May I go home now 我现在可以回家了吗
一No. You______ 不，不可以。
You’d better _____ TV every day. 你最好不要每天看电视。
(
课堂练习
)
—Must we leave now
—No, we _______.We still have two more hours.
can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
— Can you ride a horse
— No. I____
A. needn’t B. may not C. can’t D. mustn’t
—Miss Li, must we hand in our homework right now
—No, you ____.You can hand it in tomorrow.
don’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
4. You ____ eat the soup if you don’t like it.
shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t
5. —May we leave the classroom now
—No, you______. You shouldn’t leave until the bell rings.
may not B. can’t C. needn’t
She _______ be here . I saw her come in.
can B. may C. should D. must
I can’t go to the cinema with you because I ______ stay here until my mother comes back.
can B. could C. may D. must
—Be quiet, Mr Smith is coming.
—Don’t worry. It ____ be him. Mr Smith is much taller.
mustn’t B. must C. can’t
—Another cup of tea
—No, thanks. I_______ be off. Gina is waiting for me.
can B. must C. may .
—________ I smoke here
—No. You are not allowed to smoke in public places.
Could B. Must C. May D. Might
—Hey, Ted! You _______ never play in the street. It’s not safe.
—Sorry, Mum. I won’t again.
need B. must C. can D. may
—Must I return the hook tomorrow morning
—No, you _____.You can keep it longer.
mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t
—How long may I keep the book
—You ________ keep it for two weeks.
A. may B. must C. will
— Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon
— I’d love to, but I ______ study for a test.
may B. have to C. can
—May I smoke here, please
—I am afraid you ________. This is a non-smoking area.
A. can B. can’t C. may D. may not
—Do you know the song Come on, Haixi!
—Yes, and I _________sing it well.
must B. can C. need
— Must I return the book this week
— No, you ____. You can ______ it for 20 days.
mustn’t; keep B. needn’t; borrow C. needn’t; keep D. mustn’t; borrow
18. — _____ I use your eraser, Rose
— Sure. Here you are.
May B. Would C. Need D. Must
—Can I borrow your dictionary
—Yes, you _______.
can B. must C. should
—Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao
—No, you _____.You may give it to me tomorrow.
needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t
— Congratulations! You’ve got the first prize in the English Contest.
—_____ it be true It’s unbelievable!
May B. Should C. Must D. Can
You ______ finish the report today. Any time before Friday is OK.
A. mustn’t B must C. need D. needn’t
—Could I use your eraser for a while
—Yes, of course you _____.
could B. can C. will D. should
—Can you come to my party on Wednesday
—Sorry, I can’t. I _____ finish my homework.
may B. would C. have to
—________ I watch TV now, Mom
—No. It’s too late, and you ______ go to bed.
May; have to B. Will; should C. Can; will D.Must; need
—Must I finish my homework today, Ms Liu
—No, _______.
you mustn’t B. you don’t have to C. you can’t
According to the new traffic laws, people ______ drive after drinking wine or beer.
A .wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
A: Can I wear any clothes I like to school
B: No, you can’t. You _______ wear a uniform(校服).
might B. will C. must D. would
29. —Will you stay for some more days
—Sorry, I_____. My mother called to ask me to go back at once.
mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. wouldn’t
You ______ wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.
can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. have to
–Must I get up early tomorrow morning
–No, _________.
you mustn’t B. I don’t think you have to
C. you can’t D. you need
— Who’s singing in the next room
— It ____ be her . She has gone to New York.
can’t B. must C. shouldn’t D. can
—Must I learn all these words by heart
—No, you ______. It’ll be fine if you copy them in your exercise books.
needn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
— Mom, must I finish my homework now
— No, you ______. You may have supper first.
mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t
—Will the new iphone cost a lot
—I ______ think so. Apple’s products are usually expensive.
shouldn’t B. needn’t C. would D. must
— Must we clean the classroom now
— No, you needn’t. It _____ after school.
may clean B. must clean C. need be cleaned D. can be cleaned
—Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow
—Sorry, you_______.
can’t B. don’t C. needn’t D. won’t
—Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening
—I’m afraid I ______. I have to look after my sister.
wouldn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. mustn’t
It rained heavily, so we _______ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day.
could B. had to C. must
— May I take the magazine out of the reading room
— No, you can’t. You _________ read it here. It’s the rule.
must B. would C. may D. might
—Dad, may I watch TV
—No, you can’t. You _______ finish your homework first.
must B. can C. may
42. 一Bob, shall we go and meet our new classmate
一Sorry. I’m busy now. But you_________ ask David to go with you. He is free.
need B. may C. would D. must
43. If you are in the zoo, remember not to touch or go near the animals. Although some of the animals are cute, you _________ leave them alone.
must B. will C. may D. can
—Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _____ be joking!
—I’m serious. It’s made of silk.
must B. need C. may D. can
—Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation
—Not yet. We _________go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation.
may B. should C. need D. must
—Must I be home before eight o'clock, Mum
—No, you _____. But you have to come back before ten o’clock.
needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t
—_________ I borrow your history book
—Sure. Here you are.
Must B. May C. Need D. Will
The talented boy ____ write lyrics when he was at the age of ten.
may B. could C. must
—Let’s go dancing tonight.!
—Sorry, I ________. I have to go to my guitar lesson.
mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t
The magazine___________ be Lily’s, for we can find her name on the cover.
may B. might C. could D. must
—Dad, can I go to the movies tonight
—Sure, but you__come back home before 9 o’clock.
can B.must C.may D.might
Drunk driving is against the law now. It ______be forbidden.
may B. must C. can D. might
—I think the man over there must be Bob.
—It _______ be him. He has ______ to Australia.
can’t; gone B. can’t; been C. may not; been D. mustn’t; gone
The work is too hard for him. He__________ finish it on time.
can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
This dictionary______ Tom’s. It has Ann’s name on it
might be B. may he C. can’t be
—Whose T-shirt is this
—It______ be John’ s. It’s ______ small for him.
can’t; much too B. can’t; too much
C. mustn’t; much too D. mustn’t; too much
57. —May I go out now, Dad
—No. You __ let your mother know first.
can B. may C. need D. must
58. —_______ we clean the classroom at once
—No, you _______. You _______ clean it after school.
Must; needn’t; may B. Must; mustn’t; can.
C. Shall; can’t; must D. Need; mustn’t; may
You look quite tired. You’d better ______ a good rest.
stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having
—Can I skate on the lake now
—No, you ______. It’s dangerous.
can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
You _____ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.
may B. need C. should D. ought to
—Peter doesn’t mind lending you his camera.
—He __________. I’ve already borrowed one.
needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
—I can’t stop smoking, doctor.
—For your health, I’m afraid you ______.
may B. can C. have to D. need
—Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Ms King in her office.
—Morning. You _______be Mr Jones. This way, please.
will B. must C. can D. might
—Dad, the bread is not enough. I am still hungry. ____ I have something more
—But there’s nothing in the fridge now.
Must B. Need C. Will D. Can
—Oil is everywhere in this store, so you ____ know smoking is forbidden here.
—I’m sorry.
can B. may C. must
—Where’s David
—He _____ be in the playground because he is fond of playing basketball.
will B. may C. can’t D. mustn’t
68. —Look, Sue is over there.
—That ____ be her. She is in Canada now.
mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. won’t
—Must I go through the radiation (辐射) check when I come back from Japan at the airport these days
—Yes, you ______.
can B. may C. might D. must
—Where’s my music disc I can’t see it!
—You’d better ____ the disc carefully in your bedroom.
look up B. look through C. look for
—Look at the man in the classroom! Is he Mr. White
—No, it__________be him. He’s eating in the dining hall.
can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t
—Do we have to go to school this afternoon
—Yes, you ________.
must B. can C. need
There are no customers in the hotel. It ______ have the friendliest service.
can’t B. must C. may D. needn’t
As we’re students, we __________ obey the school rules.
can B. may C. must D. could
—That must be Mr. John.
—No, it ________ be him! I saw him off at the airport half an hour ago.
may not B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t

展开更多......

收起↑