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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
阅读理解题做题技巧+专题训练1
一、题目类型
1.细节理解题
(1)细节理解类题目常见的设问方式
1.Which of the following is true/false/mentioned
2. All of the following statement may be true/ false except...
3. Which of the fallowing is not the result of...
例题：
According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.) _____
解题步骤：
①划：从左到右找关键词，核心名词或名词词组（专有名词、时间数字等）--》形/副词---》动词。
②定：根据关键词定位原文信息。（完全对应/同义替换/反义对比）
③比：比对问题和原文定位的信息，确保不要答非所问。
( ) 1. Years ago, many zoos kept all kinds of animals in small cages. Small cages made it easy for people to see the animals, but a small cage is not a good place for an animal to live in.
Zoos kept animals in small cages so that people can _____.
A. protect them B. see them better C. feed them
( ) 2. What do you think of your teachers Now, American students can say what they think on a new website! Students can rate their teachers. So far, there have been 2 million ratings for 365,000 teachers at 21,000 schools in the US and Canada.
Where can the students rate their teachers according to the passage
A. On a new website. B. At the class meeting. C. In the classroom.
( ) 5. Sometimes it is hard for teenagers to talk to their parents because they don't understand their parents. But here are four tips that may help. Find a time to talk with your parents when they are not doing something else, like dishes, working in the office, talking on the phone, putting other kids to bed, etc. If not, their mind will be elsewhere and they will either get angry or not give you their attention.
When is the BEST time for you to talk to your parents
A. When they are free. B. When they are cooking. C. When they are watching TV.
( ) 3. It is most difficult for parents to decide whether to have a second child or not. It is often heard that a single child is likely to be a lonely child. There are no other children in the family for the child to talk or play with. An only child is not able to get along well with children of his age. Some parents regretted making the decisions to have only one child.
According to the passage, why is a single child likely to be lonely
A. Because his parents don't love him.
B. Because he doesn't have holidays.
C. Because he doesn't have a brother or a sister to talk or play with.
( ) 4. Reducing Reduce the paper you use. Make it a habit to write on both sides of your notebook paper. Also try writing your words smaller so you can fit more on the paper. The more words you can fit on both sides of your paper, the less paper you will need. Do not write too small, because others need to be able to read your handwriting.
In order to reduce the paper we use, which is the advice that the writer gives us
A. Throw the paper into the bin.
B. Write on one side of your notebook.
C. Write your words smaller on the paper.
2.词义猜测题
词义猜测题是选择型阅读中的一种题目设置方式,主要考查考生根据阅读所掌握的信息并通过上下文来猜测生词词义的能力。
例题：
1. The underlined word probably means "________" in Chinese.
2. The word "…" refers to / probably means/could best be replaced by ________.
3. Which of the following can best replace the word "..." in line "..."
4. What does the underlined word "…" mean
步骤：
②定：根据关键词定位原文信息。
（ 定义/构词/例举/因果推测/语境/同义替换）
③比：比对问题和原文定位的信息，确保不要答非所问。
( ) 1. Kate is dishonest so that nobody wants to make friends with her.
The underlined word "dishonest" means _____ in Chinese.
A. 不善良的 B. 拘谨的 C. 不诚实的
( ) 2. The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable.
What does the underlined word "unforgettable" mean
A. 淡忘的 B. 清晰的 C. 难忘的
( ) 3. Last night, she had a terrible toothache and asked me to buy her some painkiller.
What does the underlined word "painkiller" mean
A. 止痛药 B. 杀虫剂 C. 保健药
( ) 4. Information is received into our brain by attention, and its quality decides how well it will be processed, saved and used afterwards.
The underlined word "it" refers to _____.
A. information B. brain C. attention
课堂练习
(2020长沙中考 图表理解1)
Club name： Short Story Writing Club Club leader： Claire SmithMeeting time： Friday 4：00 p．m． ﹣5：00 p．m． Club aim： To improve short story writing skillsClub activities： Read short stories in different styles （风格）； Write short stories using different skills； Hold workshops to discuss the short stories that members read and write； Invite famous writers to give talks on short story writing．Materials needed： Paper and pen for each studentPlan for finding new members： Make posters （海报） and put them up around the school； Put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website； Put a video on the school website．Signed： Claire Smith
1.The chart （图表） above is most probably　 　for a new club．
A．a plan B．a letter C．an invitation
2.The club activities include the following EXCEPT　 　．
A．holding workshops
B．inviting famous writers
C．putting stories on the school website
(2020长沙中考 图表理解2)
The Name of This Book Is Secret Readers will love following Max﹣Ernest and Cass as they solve the mystery（谜）of a missing magician! Filled with word games，this is a book that won't stay secret for long． "An amazing story full of puzzles （不解之谜）! It will certainly win your heart and will make you never want to stop turning the pages!" ﹣ ﹣Alex Smith，13Buy now! ﹩13.90（hardcover），﹩8.20 （e﹣book）
The London Eye Mystery Salim suddenly disappears．No one knows where he has gone．How on earth could he have disappeared？ His cousins，Ted and Kate，have to follow clues （线索）around London and find him before it is too late． Can they make it？ "It's a great book! I had my nose in it all the time! This must be the coolest book in the world!" ﹣﹣Sarah Andrew， 12Buy now! ﹩12.60（hardcover），﹩7.10 （e﹣book）
3.Who is missing in The Name of This Book Is Secret？　 　
A． Salim． B． A magician． C． Max﹣Ernest．
4.What does Sarah mean by saying "I had my nose in it"？　 　
A． She liked the smell of the book．
B． The book was very hard to understand．
C． The book was so interesting that she read it carefully．
5.How much money can you save if you buy an e﹣book of The London Eye Mystery instead of a hardcover of it
A． ﹩5.50． B． ﹩5.70． C． ﹩7.10．
（青竹湖湘一2019-2020）
In 1945，six planes and 17 men disappeared without a sign，all in one day．This was Flight 19．Flight 19’s captain was Lieutenant Charles Taylor．Flight 19 was a usual flight．It took off at about 2:10 p. m. from Miami．The weather was very normal on that December 5th of 1945．It was never spoken directly to after its going down．A message was received at 4:00 p. m. that told about pilot Taylor not knowing the way to go because his compass(指南针) was running around．
After that，it was never heard from again．While searching for it，a search plane was also lost．The search for the both continued until December 10th of that same year．None of the things from Flight 19’s planes，or from the search plane，was ever found．It is one of the most infamous disappearances．Searching for Flight 19 lasted five days，and covered 380，000 square miles．Dr.Kripke suggests a vortex(涡流) may have been involved(牵涉) in the disappearance of Flight 19．
6．How many planes were lost in 1945 ___________
A. 3 B. 4 C. 6
7．In this passage，the underlined word“pilot”means _______．
A．飞行员 B．乘客 C．宇航员
8．People received a message _______ after Flight 19 took off．
A．two hours B．half an hour C．a hundred and ten minutes
9．Perhaps _______ made the Flight 19 disappear．
A．the weather B．a storm C．a vortex
10．From the passage，we can infer(推断) ________．
A．people haven’t found Flight 19
B．people are still searching for Flight 19
C．two planes were lost while searching for Flight 19
（师大梅溪湖中学2019-2020-2初三二模）
Today．roller skating(滑旱冰)is easy and fun．But，before 1750，the idea of skating didn’t exist(存在)．That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin．Merlin’s work was making musical instrument.
One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a music party．He was very pleased and a little excited．As the day of the party came near，Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance(隆重登场)at the party．He had an idea．He thought he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room．
Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll．Finally，he decided to put two wheels under each shoe．These were the first roller skates in the world：Merlin was very proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin．
On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin．Everyone Was surprised to see him. There was just one problem．Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates．He rolled on and on，suddenly，he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall．Down fell the mirror，breaking into pieces．Nobody forgot Merlin’s entrance!
11．The idea of roller skating didn’t exist ________．
A．until 1750 B．after 1750 C．since 1750
12．What was the job of Joseph Merlin
A．Making shoes．
B．Making toys．
C．Making musical instruments．
13．Merlin didn’t ________ at the party．
A．play the violin
B．have any ways to stop his roller skates
C．roll into the room
14．Merlin stopped rolling when ________．
A．he wanted to stop
B．he ran into a window
C．he ran into a huge mirror
15．Which is the best title of the passage
A．How to use the roller skates
B．Merlin and the first roller skates.
C．How to make musical instruments.
(2020长沙中考A)
On June 9th,1870,Charles Dickens died at the age of 58.The next day,a headline in The New York Times read："Death of the Great Novelist …Will Be Remembered by the People …"
The headline was not overstating （夸大） the popularity of Dickens．Even today， the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world.Dickens created some unforgettable characters．You must have heard of or even read some of his novels：Oliver Twist，A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities.A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies. Since 1897,there have been more than 300 film and TV adaptations（改编版本）of Dickens' works．A Christmas Carol alone has had nearly 50．
Natalie Mcknight is a literature professor （文学教授） who studies Dickens and his works.She explains why the novelist has remained so popular.One important reason，she says，is that Dickens wrote from his heart.He tried hard to produce emotional effects （情感效果） among his readers.In his works,he paid special attention to the "little man" at the bottom of society in the UK,which deeply mirrored the social reality at that time．A Christmas Carol，for example,was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society.People always enjoy works that make them laugh, cry and think.Many other 9th﹣century novelists wrote entertaining（娱乐的）works.However,few of them worked as hard as Dickens to touch the readers deeply．
Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today． He used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor.His works led to many important social changes.Readers always enjoy seeing poor people rise and succeed．
This year marks the 150th year of Dickens' death． It's another chance to remember this great writer.Will you read or re﹣read some of his famous works？
16.What is Paragraph （段落）2 mainly about？　 　
A． Personality of Dickens．
B． Appearance of Dickens．
C．Popularity of Dickens．
17.As a novelist, why has Dickens remained so popular？　 　
A． He wrote for fun．
B． He wrote from his heart．
C． He mainly wrote for the upper class．
18.When people read Dickens' novels， they could　 　．
①meet the "little man" at the bottom of society in the UK
②know about the social reality at that time
③not be influenced by the works at all
④think about how to make a difference to their society
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④
19.What does the underlined word "inequality" mean in Paragraph 4？　 　
A．不平等 B．不现实 C．不稳定
20.The purpose of writing this text is probably to　 　．
A． introduce Charles Dickens' life and death
B． encourage readers to read or re﹣read Charles Dickens' works
C． present the similarities between Charles Dickens and other writers
(2020长沙中考B)
Have you ever seen a solar panel( 太 阳 能 电 池 板 ) in your neighborhood Solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity. Over the past ten years, the price of solar panels has gone down greatly. In many parts of the world, solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity. More and more people have started using solar energy
to power(给……供电) their homes.
However, solar panels also have their problems. They stop working at night and on rainy days. Is it possible to make them produce electricity all of the time
Scientists at Suzhou University, China, have invented a new solar panel now. It can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain. When a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then rolls(滚动) down, it creates friction(摩擦力) on the surface of the panel, which can then be turned into electricity.
Sun Baoquan is one of the inventors. “Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day,” he says. “It can even provide electricity at night if there is a rain.”
The solar panel, however, does not make much electricity from falling rain. So Sun Baoquan
is still working hard to improve it. The scientist also wants to make soar panels more flexible , which are as soft as clothing.
The field of solar energy is developing fast. Scientists around the world have been improving solar panels. Some have been working on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. Some have been trying to use sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels(液体和气体燃料).
21. Which energy is now the cheapest form of electricity in many parts of the world
A. Solar energy. B. Water energy. C. Wind energy.
22. What was one of the problems of common solar panels
A. The price of them is rising.
B. They can’t work all of the time.
C. They can hardly power people’s homes.
23. Why is the new solor panel more scientific and useful
A. It has a larger size than a common one.
B. It produces more electricity from falling rain than solar energy.
C. It can produce electricity day and night and even in rainy conditions.
24. What does the underlined word “flexible” mean in Paragraph 5
A. 柔软的 B. 光滑的 C. 坚硬的
25. We can infer(推断) from this text that _______.
A. there is no room for developing solar energy
B. there is no end to research in the field of solar energy
C. solar energy has completely taken the place of other kinds of energy
(2019中考真题A)
Recently, a junior high school sent several students back home because they broke the school uniform（校服）rules. Should students wear school uniforms The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic（话题）.
Kennedy: The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard. It also helps prevent school bullying（欺凌）. If everyone wears the same clothes, it is impossible to laugh at other people’s clothing.
Manson: The uniform has to be earned（获得）through efforts. Students should start school with no uniforms. As they make progress at school, they start wearing it. I always think children need to be proud of their school. The uniform is important for that. So, make students earn it! If they don’t perform well, they should not be allowed to get one.
Moorhead: In my opinion, kids don’t have to wear uniforms. There should be more choices open to kids in education. They ought to develop their own independence and just be themselves.
Their personalities would be expressed through their own clothes at school. And different dress could be one way of showing their understanding of beauty. Besides, they make the school lively and colorful.
Patrick: I can see the advantages of wearing school uniforms. They play a very important role in managing schools. However, a school should not depend heavily on uniforms to improve students’ behaviors. Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence（信心）is more important.
26．What does the writer mean to do in Paragraph 1
A．Present an opinion on a subject.
B．Introduce a topic for discussion.
C．Provide a way to solve problems.
27．What is Kennedy in the second paragraph
A．A student. B．A teacher. C．A parent.
28．In Manson’s opinion, ___________ .
A．students have the right to get school uniforms for free
B．students should be encouraged to earn school uniforms
C．students performing well needn’t wear school uniforms
29．According to Patrick, what is more important
A．Managing schools by uniforms.
B．Improving students’ behaviors.
C．Helping students express themselves confidently.
30．We can learn from the text that ___________ .
A．Kennedy can’t stand school uniforms
B．Moorhead is against school uniform rules
C．the writer holds the same opinion as Patrick’s
(2019中考真题B)
It is believed that Huck Finn is based on（基于）a childhood friend of Mark Twain’s. In fact, Twain was not alone in basing a fictional character（虚构的角色）on a real-life person.
Severus Snape / John Nettleship
Severus Snape is a skillful wizard（巫师）teaching magic in Harry Potter. The writer, J.K. Rowling, once said that the character was based on a teacher of hers.
The teacher turned out to be John Nettleship, who taught Rowling chemistry. At first, Nettleship felt surprised. “I know I am a strict teacher,” he said. “But I don’t think I am as bad as Snape!” On second thoughts, however, he said that he was so ill-tempered that most of his students avoided making him mad. Also, he used to wear long hair and have an untidy lab. That sounds familiar to Harry Potter fans.
Alice / Alice Liddell
Famously, Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is based on Alice Liddell.
Carroll was close to the Liddell family. One day, ten-year-old Alice asked Carroll to tell her a new story. Carroll began to create his famous tale of Alice and what happened after she fell through the rabbit hole. The little girl liked the story so much that she asked him to write it down. And the rest is history.
Dill / Truman Capote
In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee based Dill on her childhood friend, Truman Capote. Capote once said, “Lee was my best friend. Have you ever read To Kill a Mockingbird I’m a character in that story! The story takes place just in the town where we lived!”
31．Snape and Nettleship have something in common EXCEPT__________.
A．their jobs B．their looks C．their hobbies
32．What does the underlined word “ill-tempered ” mean in Paragraph 3
A．沉着冷静的 B．优柔寡断的 C．脾气暴躁的
33．What made Carroll decide to create Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
A．Alice Liddell’s requirement.
B．His great interest in rabbits.
C．His experience of travelling.
34．Being a character of To Kill a Mockingbird, Truman Capote felt________.
A．proud B．unsatisfied C．surprised
35．The text is mainly about ________.
A．purposes of writing fictional stories
B．introductions to famous writers’ childhood friends
C．characters of fictional stories from real-life persons
参考答案
细节理解题：BAACC
2.词义猜测：CCAA
课堂练习：
1-5 ACBCA 16-20 CACCA
21-25 ACBCB 6-10 CBCAB
11-15 ABCAB 26-30 BABCB
31-35 CCAAC
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