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2024年高考押题预测卷03【上海卷】
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. She would rather see a blank wall. B.The wall needs more space for it.
C.It should be put on another wall. D.It makes the wall look better.
2.A.He couldn't understand the lecturer. B.He thinks the lecture is boring.
C.He doesn't agree with the woman. D.He thinks the lecture is attractive.
3.A. Go to find a job at the bookstore. B.Attend the opening ceremony.
C.Buy same books at the bookstore. D.Open a bookstore of her own.
4.A. She bought the dress some time ago. B.She looks great in the new dress.
C.She doesn't like cold weather at all. D.She has been waiting for the man.
5. A. The woman should have attended class on Monday. B.The woman could turn to the teacher for help.
C.He will give the woman the assignment later. D.He doesn't know what the assignment is.
6.A. Larry should find a new roommate.
B.Larry should have apologized to his roommate.
C.Larry's roommate has consulted her about the problem.
D.Larry's roommate may also be responsible for the problem.
7.A. The man should take his vacation somewhere else.
B.She doesn’t know when her semester ends.
C.The min may have to reschedule his trip.
D.She hasn't called the travel agent yet
8.A. He'll go with the woman to the next basketball game.
B.He missed the basketball game because he was ill.
C.He doesn't like to go to basketball games.
D.He forgot about the basketball game.
9.A. Karen can give him a ride on Tuesday.
B.I can attend the meeting on Tuesday.
C.Karen changed her plans at the last minute.
D.Karen has just returned from a trip.
10.A. Call her after five.
B.Make calls with her phone.
C.Go to the meeting with her
D.Fix his phone as soon as possible.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A. It usually lasts for a month
B.It is intended for professionals.
C.It is hosted by a ski racing club.
D.It is named after a British businessman.
12. A. In 1900 B. 1904 C. In 1924. D. In 1928.
13.A. How fast the skiers are.
B.How skiers get to the start
C.How dangerous the course is.
D.How far the railway station is.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.A. The musical background of the director of the Broadway version of The Lion King.
B.Differences between the film version and the Broadway version cf the lion King.
C.The types of music used in the Broadway version of The Lion King.
D.The influence of European popular music on non-Western music.
15.A. It was composed by the Zulu people of South Africa.
B.It developed outside the musical traditions of Europe.
C.It is familiar to most audiences in the United States.
D.It is mainly performed in New York City.
16.A. The songs Were expected to be similar to those in the film.
B.The Broadway version were first performed in Africa.
C.The director is of African ancestry.
D.The story takes place in Africa.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17.A. Making models for TV series.
B. Acting in science fiction films
C. Writing comic books about space.
D.Taking pictures for the news.
18. A. He ran a photograph library of his own.
B.He filled in for people while they were not at work.
C.He worked for a TV channel specializing in holiday trips.
D.lie built models of astronauts who went lo the moon in the 60s.
19. A. He developed some pictures from the camera that w&s burnt
B.He substituted for an astronaut on a space trip to the moon.
C.Fifteen of his models were once used in a news report.
D.His story was broadcast to everyone at home.
20. A. He will be found academically unqualified today.
B.He will be considered loo old to work with TV now.
C.He won’t be allowed to meet straight with a TV head.
D.Ho won't be given a chance to act in a TV series.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Impact of Visual Cues on Behavior
During the energy crisis in the 1970s, Dutch researchers began to pay close attention to the country’s energy usage. In one suburb near Amsterdam, they found that some homeowners used 30 percent less energy than their neighbors 21 the homes being of similar size and getting electricity for the same price.
It turned out that the houses in this neighborhood were nearly identical except for one feature: the location of the electrical meter. Some had one in the basement. 22 had the electrical meter upstairs in the main hallway. 23 you may guess, the homes with the meters located in the main hallway used less electricity. When their energy use was obvious and easy to track, people changed their behavior.
Every habit 24 (initiate) by a cue, and we are more likely to notice cues that stand out. Unfortunately, the environments where we live and work often make it easy not to do certain actions 25 there is no obvious cue to trigger the behavior. When the cues that spark a habit are subtle or hidden, they are easy 26 (ignore).
By comparison, creating obvious visual cues can draw your attention toward a 27 (desire) habit. I’ve experienced the power of obvious cues in my own life. I used to buy apples from the store, put them in the crisper (储藏格) in the bottom of the refrigerator, and forget all about them. By the time I remembered, the apples 28 (go) bad. I never saw them, so I never ate them.
Eventually, I took my own advice and redesigned my environment. I bought a large display bowl and placed it in the middle of the kitchen counter. The next time I bought apples, that was 29 they went. Almost like magic, I began eating a few apples each day simply because they were obvious, 30 (facilitate) the formation of a healthy eating habit rather than keeping them out of sight.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．housed B．simply C．tie D．stretch E．return F．fellow G．previously H．sensitive I．trapped J．minimal K．immature
Rats and other animals need to be highly dependent on social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this can 31 to non-living beings, researchers at the University of California tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.
They 32 eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat — one social ad one asocial. The robot rats were just like a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around. During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys and opened cage doors to let 33 rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot 34 moved forwards and backwards and side to side.
Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever. The living rats were 52% more likely to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being so that they may have a closer 35 with the social robot. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier and wanting the robot to 36 the favour when they get trapped.
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of mutual help and cooperation, including what is referred to as direct reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has 37 helped them.
The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robots was surprising given their 38 designs. Researchers assumed that they’d have to give them moving heads and tails, facial features, and put a scent on them to make them smell like real rats, which turned out to be unnecessary.
The finding shows how 39 rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are 40 beings, even when they display only simple social signals. We humans seem to be fascinated by robots and it turns out that other animals are too.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, 41 of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the 42 from social circles. The loss of a significant person in one’s life will typically initiate a grief response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others.
Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive (破裂的) event, such as moving from one’s home town into 43 communities leading to homesickness. Loneliness can also occur in places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to 44 .
There are many different ways used to 45 loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Short term therapy typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, 46 the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend 47 therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found. Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to 48 periodically.
Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 49 feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for 50 with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, such as lowered blood pressure. In addition, some other alternative approaches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 51 effect on relieving symptoms. Results of a study also suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition (认知) offers the best chance of 52 loneliness.
Nevertheless, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the 53 process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, 54 , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals 55 creative activities.
41．A．type B．concern C．consequence D．evidence
42．A．withdrawal B．absence C．disappearance D．presence
43．A．informal B．uncertain C．relevant D．unfamiliar
44．A．turn to B．interact with C．long for D．share with
45．A．release B．observe C．monitor D．treat
46．A．reversing B．directing C．measuring D．pursuing
47．A．long-term B．sightseeing C．patient D．group
48．A．quit B．evolve C．switch D．exercise
49．A．confirm B．protest C．enhance D．ease
50．A．socializing B．interfering C．comparing D．coping
51．A．historic B．restorative C．decisive D．permanent
52．A．promoting B．enhancing C．reducing D．striving
53．A．creative B．musical C．artistic D．poetic
54．A．however B．therefore C．rather D．otherwise
55．A．restricted to B．engaged in C．concerned about D．altered by
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and it’s true. I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson that I carry with me today.
My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Looking back, I honestly don’t know how she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look effortless. If we complained about not having what another kid did, we’d hear something like, “I don’t care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room, a car for your birthday or a lavish sweet-16 party.” We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not replaced.
It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed — and there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had to have it.
“It’s beautiful,” my mother said when I pointed it out to her. “What a neat basket.”
I tried to hold off at first. I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t stand it any longer: “Mom, please can I please, please get it I’ll do extra chores for as long as you say. I’ll do anything, but I need that basket. I love that basket. Please, Mom. Please ”
I was desperate.
“ You know,” she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever, “If you save up you could buy this yourself.”
“By the time I make enough it’ll be gone!”
“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you,” she smiled at Roger, the bike guy.
“He can’t hold it for that long, Mom. Someone else will buy it. Please, Mom, please ” “There might be another way,” she said.
And so our paying plan unfolded. My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I couldn’t find. Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there (washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front). And then, weeks later, I counted, re-counted and jumped for joy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon....
Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster. This horrible turn of events.
And then came the lesson I’ve taken with me through my life: “Honey, your basket is extra-special,” Mom said, gently wiping away my hot tears. “Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”
56．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．The mother raised her children in an unusual way.
B．The writer envied the daughters of the U.S. president.
C．The writer’s parents shared the duty to bring up children.
D．Managing budget is an effortless job to most housewives.
57．By using “naked” (Paragraph 12), the author seems to stress that the basket was ________.
A．well worth the effort she had made B．the most valuable she had ever obtained
C．an unnecessary accessory to her bike D．something the bike couldn’t do without
58．To the author, it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that ________.
A．the basket cost more than she had saved
B．someone else had got a basket of the same kind
C．her paying plan was spoiled
D．a neighborhood girl bought a nicer bike
59．What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother
A．Save money for a rainy day. B．Good advice is beyond all price.
C．Earn your bread with your sweat. D．God helps those who help themselves.
(B)
There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that-it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.
Sustainability
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体)from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
60．What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production
A．It helps cooks to create new dishes. B．It saves time and effort in cooking.
C．It improves the cooking conditions. D．It contributes to restaurant decorations
61．According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed food _______.
A．is more available to consumers B．can meet individual nutritional needs
C．is more tasty than food in supermarkets D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
62．What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely
A．The printing process is complicated. B．3D food printers are too expensive.
C．Food materials have to be dry D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing
(C)
Conservationists go to war over whether humans are the measure of nature’s value. New Conservationists argue such trade-offs are necessary in this human dominated era. And they support “re-wilding”, a concept originally proposed by Soule where people reduce economic growth and withdraw from landscapes, which then return to nature.
New Conservationists believe the withdrawal could happen together with economic growth. The California-based Breakthrough Institute believes in a future where most people live in cities and rely less on natural resources for economic growth.
They would get food from industrial agriculture, including genetically modified foods, desalination intensified meat production and aquaculture (水产养殖), all of which have a smaller land footprint. And they would get their energy from renewables and natural gas.
Driving these profound shifts would be greater efficiency of production, where more products could be manufactured from fewer inputs. And some unsustainable commodities would be replaced in the market by other, greener ones-natural gas for coal, for instance, explained Michael Heisenberg., president of the Breakthrough Institute. Nature would, in essence, be decoupled from the economy.
And then he added a warning: “We are not suggesting decoupling as the pattern to save the world, or that it solves all the problems.”
Cynics (悲观者) may say all this sounds too utopian, but Breakthrough maintains the world is already on this path toward decoupling. Nowhere is this more evident than in the United Sates, according to Iddo Wernick, a research scholar at the Rockefeller University, who has examined the nation’s use of 100 main commodities.
Wernick and his colleagues looked at data carefully from the U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals Information Center, which keeps a record of commodities used from 1900 through the present day. They found that the use of 36 commodities (sand, iron ore, cotton etc.) in the U. S. Economy had peaked.
Another 53 commodities (nitrogen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used more efficiently per dollar value of gross domestic product than in the pre-1970s era. Their use would peak soon, Wernick said.
Only 11 commodities (industrial diamond, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use (Greenwire, Nov. 6), and most of these are employed by industries in small quantities to improve systems processes. Chicken use is rising because people are eating less beef, a desirable development since poultry cultivation has a smaller environmental footprint.
The numbers show the United States has not intensified resource consumption since the 1970s even while increasing its GDP and population, said Jesse Ausubel of the Rockefeller University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectation we had, we were always assuming the future involved greater consumption of resources,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the developed countries is, of course, peaks.”
63．What does the underlined word “trade-offs” refer to in the first paragraph
A．The difficult situation of economies growth.
B．The profitability of import and export trade.
C．The balance between human development and natural ecology.
D．The consumption of natural resources by industrial development.
64．Which of the following is true of the views of the new environmentalists
A．They believe that mankind should limit economic growth.
B．They believe that mankind is the master of the whole universe.
C．They believe that mankind should live in forests with rich vegetation.
D．They believe that mankind will need more natural resources in the future.
65．What can we infer from the last paragraph of the passage
A．Natural resources cannot support economic development.
B．All resource consumption in developed countries has reached a peak.
C．More resource consumption will not occur in a certain period of time.
D．Excessive resource consumption will not affect the ecological environment.
66．What is the passage mainly about
A．Urbanization and re-wildness.
B．Human existence and industrial development.
C．Commodity trading and raw material development.
D．Socioeconomic development and resource consumption.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Modern computer technology has made a new kind of human relationship possible: online friendship. 67 Are online friendships as beneficial as face-to-face friendships What are the advantages and disadvantages of having virtual friends Can people form strong bonds online Today these questions are the subject of lively debate.
Some people believe that the Internet is the best way to make new friends. It’s convenient, it’s fast, and it allows making contact with different kinds of people from all over the world. When you use social networking, websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with interests and hobbies similar to yours. Information updates and photos add to the experience. Making friends on the Internet is especially good for shy people who feel uncomfortable in social situations. It’s often easier to share thoughts and feelings online. 68 They can make people feel less lonely and help them solve problems.
Although the Internet can encourage friendship, it has a major disadvantage. 69 Online friends only tell you what they want you to know. They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hide the less positive ones, so you can’t be sure of what they really like. That is why you should not give personal information to anyone online unless you’re totally sure of who that person is.
Can online friendship be as meaningful as face-to-face ones There are different points of view. Researchers at the University of Southern California surveyed 2,000 households in the United States. The results showed that more than 40 percent of participants feel “as strongly about their online buddies” as they do about their “offline” friends. 70 In contrast, there are many people who believe that it’s not possible to have deep relationships with online friends, A young Indian software engineer, Lalitha Lakshmipathy, says, “it’s good to feel connected with many people, but all my e-buddies are not necessarily my close friends.” They say that it’s hard to develop feelings of trust and connection when you don’t share experiences in person.
People continue to express different opinions about online friendship. However, most of them would agree that virtual friendships must not replace face-to-face friendships. As one life coach says, “a social networking site should only be the ‘add on’ in any relationship.”
A．In addition, virtual friends can offer emotional support.
B．When you’re not face to face, it’s much easier to deceive people.
C．Many people would agree.
D．Researchers also found that it’s not unusual for online friends to become face-to-face friend.
E．Online friends may be of help in many ways.
F．Online friends, or virtual friends, are people who have become acquainted with each other through the Internet.
IV.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Teens and Screens
Forced by parent protesters citing to research into the links between adolescent social-media habits and risk factors for suicide, such as depression, two large investors in Apple have agreed that the technology company must help parents limit their children’s smart phone use. On social media, parents are constantly complaining about phones’ addictive properties. On the school run, parents compare strategies for limiting screen time.
Before going for the off switch, parents should ask a question. Does cutting down on their kids’ use of iPhones, Instagram and so on do much good in solving adolescents’ problems On the available evidence, the answer may be no. Some studies of Britain and America, which conduct large surveys of young people, have found correlations (相关性) between heavy technology use and unhappiness. Correlation is not causation, however, it could be that unhappy people seek refuge online. And the correlations are very weak. Only about 1% of the variability in young people’s mental well being can be explained by social-media or smartphone use. One British study suggests that eating breakfast regularly is more than three times as important.
Parents who worry about their teenage kids can do something, however. Drive them out of the house. There is plenty of evidence for the cheering effects of hanging out with friends. Yet youngsters are doing less of this. Social pressure is one reason. According to broader attitudes in Britain, “teenagers hanging out on the streets” is a standard measure of anti-social behaviour. The authoritative Crime Survey of England asks people whether adolescent hanging-out should be regarded as a social problem. Most respondents said yes. That the rate of adolescent hanging-out has dropped from 33% to 16% in ten years may please criminologists, but it is unlikely to signal happier teenagers.
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V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil)
73．这部电影，还原生活，它提醒观众们幸福来之不易。(remind)
74．众所周知，在我们的厨余垃圾中仍有不少的资源值得再利用。(acknowledge)
75．正是因为贯彻“顾客为本”的理念，那个落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。(It)
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
假如你是明启中学的高三学生李华。为了更贴近学生生活，满足学生需求，你所在的学校计划在校园网站上增加一个栏目，拟从四个栏目里选择个一个：“学生来信”、“心理聊天室”、“职业发展规划”和“校园热搜”。学校正在向全体师生征求建议，给校方写一封信。信中必须包含：
1. 你会选择增加的栏目；
2. 你的理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024年高考押题预测卷03【上海卷】
英语·全解全析
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. She would rather see a blank wall. B.The wall needs more space for it.
C.It should be put on another wall. D.It makes the wall look better.
2.A.He couldn't understand the lecturer. B.He thinks the lecture is boring.
C.He doesn't agree with the woman. D.He thinks the lecture is attractive.
3.A. Go to find a job at the bookstore. B.Attend the opening ceremony.
C.Buy same books at the bookstore. D.Open a bookstore of her own.
4.A. She bought the dress some time ago. B.She looks great in the new dress.
C.She doesn't like cold weather at all. D.She has been waiting for the man.
5. A. The woman should have attended class on Monday. B.The woman could turn to the teacher for help.
C.He will give the woman the assignment later. D.He doesn't know what the assignment is.
6.A. Larry should find a new roommate.
B.Larry should have apologized to his roommate.
C.Larry's roommate has consulted her about the problem.
D.Larry's roommate may also be responsible for the problem.
7.A. The man should take his vacation somewhere else.
B.She doesn’t know when her semester ends.
C.The min may have to reschedule his trip.
D.She hasn't called the travel agent yet
8.A. He'll go with the woman to the next basketball game.
B.He missed the basketball game because he was ill.
C.He doesn't like to go to basketball games.
D.He forgot about the basketball game.
9.A. Karen can give him a ride on Tuesday.
B.I can attend the meeting on Tuesday.
C.Karen changed her plans at the last minute.
D.Karen has just returned from a trip.
10.A. Call her after five.
B.Make calls with her phone.
C.Go to the meeting with her
D.Fix his phone as soon as possible.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A. It usually lasts for a month
B.It is intended for professionals.
C.It is hosted by a ski racing club.
D.It is named after a British businessman.
12. A. In 1900 B. 1904 C. In 1924. D. In 1928.
13.A. How fast the skiers are.
B.How skiers get to the start
C.How dangerous the course is.
D.How far the railway station is.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.A. The musical background of the director of the Broadway version of The Lion King.
B.Differences between the film version and the Broadway version cf the lion King.
C.The types of music used in the Broadway version of The Lion King.
D.The influence of European popular music on non-Western music.
15.A. It was composed by the Zulu people of South Africa.
B.It developed outside the musical traditions of Europe.
C.It is familiar to most audiences in the United States.
D.It is mainly performed in New York City.
16.A. The songs Were expected to be similar to those in the film.
B.The Broadway version were first performed in Africa.
C.The director is of African ancestry.
D.The story takes place in Africa.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17.A. Making models for TV series.
B. Acting in science fiction films
C. Writing comic books about space.
D.Taking pictures for the news.
18. A. He ran a photograph library of his own.
B.He filled in for people while they were not at work.
C.He worked for a TV channel specializing in holiday trips.
D.lie built models of astronauts who went lo the moon in the 60s.
19. A. He developed some pictures from the camera that w&s burnt
B.He substituted for an astronaut on a space trip to the moon.
C.Fifteen of his models were once used in a news report.
D.His story was broadcast to everyone at home.
20. A. He will be found academically unqualified today.
B.He will be considered loo old to work with TV now.
C.He won’t be allowed to meet straight with a TV head.
D.Ho won't be given a chance to act in a TV series.
【答案】1~5.DDAAA 6~10. DCCAB 11~15.CDCCB 16~20.DABCA
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Impact of Visual Cues on Behavior
During the energy crisis in the 1970s, Dutch researchers began to pay close attention to the country’s energy usage. In one suburb near Amsterdam, they found that some homeowners used 30 percent less energy than their neighbors 21 the homes being of similar size and getting electricity for the same price.
It turned out that the houses in this neighborhood were nearly identical except for one feature: the location of the electrical meter. Some had one in the basement. 22 had the electrical meter upstairs in the main hallway. 23 you may guess, the homes with the meters located in the main hallway used less electricity. When their energy use was obvious and easy to track, people changed their behavior.
Every habit 24 (initiate) by a cue, and we are more likely to notice cues that stand out. Unfortunately, the environments where we live and work often make it easy not to do certain actions 25 there is no obvious cue to trigger the behavior. When the cues that spark a habit are subtle or hidden, they are easy 26 (ignore).
By comparison, creating obvious visual cues can draw your attention toward a 27 (desire) habit. I’ve experienced the power of obvious cues in my own life. I used to buy apples from the store, put them in the crisper (储藏格) in the bottom of the refrigerator, and forget all about them. By the time I remembered, the apples 28 (go) bad. I never saw them, so I never ate them.
Eventually, I took my own advice and redesigned my environment. I bought a large display bowl and placed it in the middle of the kitchen counter. The next time I bought apples, that was 29 they went. Almost like magic, I began eating a few apples each day simply because they were obvious, 30 (facilitate) the formation of a healthy eating habit rather than keeping them out of sight.
【答案】
21．despite 22．Others 23．As 24．is initiated 25．because/as/since/when/if 26．to ignore 27．desired 28．had gone 29．where 30．facilitating
【导语】本文是议论文。文章通过荷兰研究者对能源使用的研究，引出了关于习惯形成和行为改变的讨论。
21．考查介词。句意：在阿姆斯特丹附近的一个郊区，他们发现一些房主比邻居少用30%的能源，尽管房子大小差不多，用电价格也一样。分析句子结构可知，空后的句子中动词用的非谓语形式，所以空处应填介词，根据句意，此处表达“虽然，尽管”之意，用介词despite。故填despite。
22．考查代词。句意：其他人把电表放在楼上的主走廊上。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，根据前文“Some had one in the basement.”可知，此处是固定搭配：some...others...意为“一些...另一些...”。故填Others。
23．考查定语从句。句意：你可能猜到了，电表位于主走廊的家庭用电量更少。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替逗号后面句子的内容在从句中作宾语，表达“正如”之意，用as引导，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填As。
24．考查动词时态和语态。句意：每个习惯都是由提示引发的，我们更容易注意到那些突出的提示。分析句子结构可知，initiate作本句谓语，和主语habit之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为Every habit为第三人称单数。故填is initiated。
25．考查状语从句连接词。句意：不幸的是，我们生活和工作的环境往往使我们很容易不去做某些行为，因为没有明显的线索来触发这些行为。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，既可以翻译为“因为”，用because或者as或者since引导原因状语从句，也可以翻译为“当...时”，用when引导时间状语从句，还可以翻译为“如果”，用if引导条件状语从句。故填because或者as或者since或者when或者if。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：当引发一种习惯的线索是微妙或隐藏的，它们很容易被忽视。此处是固定搭配：be+adj. to do sth.意为“做某事是怎样的”。故填to ignore。
27．考查形容词。句意：相比之下，创造明显的视觉线索可以把你的注意力吸引到一个想要的习惯上。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，desire的形容词形式是desired意为“期望得到的”。故填desired。
28．考查动词时态。句意：等我记起来的时候，苹果已经坏了。分析句子结构可知，go作本句谓语，根据时间状语By the time I remembered，描述的是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had gone。
29．考查表语从句。句意：下次我买苹果的时候，它们就去了那里。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，根据句意，从句缺少地点状语，用where引导。故填where。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意：几乎像变魔术一样，我开始每天吃几个苹果，只是因为它们很明显，促进了健康饮食习惯的形成，而不是把它们挡在视线之外。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词were，所以facilitate用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填facilitating。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．housed B．simply C．tie D．stretch E．return F．fellow G．previously H．sensitive I．trapped J．minimal K．immature
Rats and other animals need to be highly dependent on social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this can 31 to non-living beings, researchers at the University of California tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.
They 32 eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat — one social ad one asocial. The robot rats were just like a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around. During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys and opened cage doors to let 33 rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot 34 moved forwards and backwards and side to side.
Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever. The living rats were 52% more likely to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being so that they may have a closer 35 with the social robot. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier and wanting the robot to 36 the favour when they get trapped.
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of mutual help and cooperation, including what is referred to as direct reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has 37 helped them.
The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robots was surprising given their 38 designs. Researchers assumed that they’d have to give them moving heads and tails, facial features, and put a scent on them to make them smell like real rats, which turned out to be unnecessary.
The finding shows how 39 rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are 40 beings, even when they display only simple social signals. We humans seem to be fascinated by robots and it turns out that other animals are too.
【答案】
31．D 32．A 33．I 34．B 35．C 36．E 37．G 38．J 39．H 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。实验发现，老鼠高度依赖别的动物的社会信号，这样它们才能识别出要合作的朋友和要避开的敌人，这一倾向也会延伸到机器老鼠身上。
31．考查动词。句意：为了弄清这是否也适用于非生物，加州大学的研究人员测试了老鼠是否能探测到机器老鼠发出的社交信号。根据前文“Rats and other animals need to be highly dependent on social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.(老鼠和其他动物需要高度依赖别的动物的社会信号，这样它们才能识别出要合作的朋友和要避开的敌人。)”可知，此处是指为了弄清这是否也适用于非生物，stretch to意为“延伸到”，符合句意。故选D。
32．考查动词。句意：他们把8只成年老鼠和两种类型的机器老鼠放在一起——一种是社会性的，一种是非社会性的。根据“eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat”可知，此处是指把8只成年老鼠和两种类型的机器老鼠放在一起。动词house意为“给……提供场地”，符合句意。故选A。
33．考查形容词。句意：在实验过程中，社交机器人老鼠跟着活着的老鼠到处跑，玩同样的玩具，打开笼子门让被困的老鼠逃跑。根据“rats escape”可知，此处是指让被困的老鼠逃跑。形容词trapped意为“被困的”，符合句意。故选I。
34．考查副词。句意：与此同时，非社交机器人只是向前、向后、左右移动。根据“moved forwards and backwards and side to side”可知，此处是指非社交机器人只是向前、向后、左右移动。副词simply意为“只是”，符合句意。故选B。
35．考查名词。句意：这表明老鼠认为社交机器人是一个真正的社会存在，所以它们可能与社交机器人有更紧密的联系。根据“the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being”可知，此处是指它们可能与社交机器人有更紧密的联系。故选C。
36．考查动词。句意：这可能会让老鼠更加记住之前救了它并希望机器人在它们被困时能有所回报。根据“having freed it earlier”可知，此处是指希望机器人能有所回报。动词return意为“回报”，符合句意。故选E。
37．考查副词。句意：老鼠被证明会参与多种形式的互助和合作，包括所谓的直接互惠，即一只老鼠会帮助另一只曾经帮助过它们的老鼠。根据“as direct reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has”可知，此处是指一只老鼠会帮助另一只曾经帮助过它们的老鼠。副词previously意为“之前”，符合句意。故选G。
38．考查形容词。句意：考虑到社交机器人的极简设计，老鼠愿意和它们交朋友的意愿令人惊讶。根据后文“Researchers assumed that they’d have to give them moving heads and tails, facial features, and put a scent on them to make them smell like real rats, which turned out to be unnecessary.(研究人员认为，他们必须给它们移动的头和尾巴，面部特征，并在它们身上放上一种气味，让它们闻起来像真的老鼠，结果证明这是不必要的。)”可知，此处是指考虑到社交机器人的极简设计。形容词minimal意为“极简的”，符合句意。故选J。
39．考查形容词。句意：这一发现表明，老鼠对社交暗示是多么敏感，即使这些暗示来自基本的机器人。根据“even when they come from basic robots”可知，此处是指老鼠对社交暗示很敏感。故选H。
40．考查形容词。句意：同样，孩子们倾向于把机器人当作同伴对待，即使它们只表现出简单的社交信号。根据“Similarly, children tend to treat robots”可知，此处是指孩子们倾向于把机器人当作同伴对待。形容词fellow意为“同类的，同班的”，符合句意。故选F。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, 41 of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the 42 from social circles. The loss of a significant person in one’s life will typically initiate a grief response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others.
Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive (破裂的) event, such as moving from one’s home town into 43 communities leading to homesickness. Loneliness can also occur in places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to 44 .
There are many different ways used to 45 loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Short term therapy typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, 46 the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend 47 therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found. Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to 48 periodically.
Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 49 feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for 50 with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, such as lowered blood pressure. In addition, some other alternative approaches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 51 effect on relieving symptoms. Results of a study also suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition (认知) offers the best chance of 52 loneliness.
Nevertheless, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the 53 process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, 54 , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals 55 creative activities.
41．A．type B．concern C．consequence D．evidence
42．A．withdrawal B．absence C．disappearance D．presence
43．A．informal B．uncertain C．relevant D．unfamiliar
44．A．turn to B．interact with C．long for D．share with
45．A．release B．observe C．monitor D．treat
46．A．reversing B．directing C．measuring D．pursuing
47．A．long-term B．sightseeing C．patient D．group
48．A．quit B．evolve C．switch D．exercise
49．A．confirm B．protest C．enhance D．ease
50．A．socializing B．interfering C．comparing D．coping
51．A．historic B．restorative C．decisive D．permanent
52．A．promoting B．enhancing C．reducing D．striving
53．A．creative B．musical C．artistic D．poetic
54．A．however B．therefore C．rather D．otherwise
55．A．restricted to B．engaged in C．concerned about D．altered by
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．B
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了产生孤独的原因，解决孤独的方法。最后作者还提到，孤独对创意的工作是有某种程度上的积极作用的。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是分手、离婚或失去任何重要的长期关系的常见后果，但通常是暂时的。A. type 类型；B. concern 担心，关心；C. consequence 结果，后果；D. evidence证据。根据上下文，前句提到“孤独”有很多种原因。划线前的it指的就是“孤独”，而后面提及的“分手，离婚或者失去任何重要的长期关系”是会造成一个结果即孤独。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，孤独可能是因为失去一个特定的人，也可能是因为退出社交圈。A. withdrawal 撤退，收回；B. absence 缺席；C. disappearance 消失；D. presence 存在，出席。分析上下文，上文提到了 “失去任何重要的长期关系” 和此处项呼应表示退出社交圈。故选A项。
43．考查形容词义辨析。句意：孤独感也可能是任何社会破坏性事件的结果，比如从家乡搬到陌生的社区导致思乡。A. informal 非正式的；B. uncertain 不确定的；C. relevant 相关的；D. unfamiliar 不熟悉的。根据上下文，划线后面提到了 “思乡” ，是因为不熟悉陌生的社区导致的。故选D项。
44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：孤独感也可能发生在人口密度较低的地方，那里与之交往的人相对较少。A. turn to 求助于；B. interact with 交流，互动；C. long for 渴望；D. share with与……分享。根据上下文，划线前提到“人口密度低”，所以与人的互动会比较少。故选B项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有许多不同的方法用来治疗孤独。A. release 释放，开放，发泄；B. observe 观察，遵守，庆祝；C. monitor 监督；D. treat 治疗。根据上下文，从第5空开始，后文再讲述治疗孤独的方法。故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在治疗过程中，重点是了解问题的原因，扭转由问题引起的消极思想、感觉和态度，并探索帮助患者感到相互联系的方法。A. reversing 颠倒，完全改变；B. directing 指导；C. measuring 丈量；D. pursuing 追求，追逐。根据上下文，此处的动词和前句的“了解问题”以及后句的“探索方法”构成内在的逻辑。先了解原因，扭转思想，感觉和态度再探索方法。故选A项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些医生还建议将团体治疗作为与其他患者联系和建立支持系统的手段。A. long-term 长期的；B. sightseeing 观光的，旅游的；C. patient 耐心的；D. group团体的。分析上下文，根据划线后提到“和其他患者的相互联系和建立支持系统”可知，这是一种“群体治疗方法”。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些病人可能对某种药物产生耐药性，需要定期更换。A. quit 离开，放弃；B. evolve 发展，进化；C. switch 开关，转换；D. exercise 锻炼，练习。分析上下文，划线前提到因为“可能对某种药物产生耐药性”，所才需要定期“更换”。故选C项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究和调查表明，狗、猫、兔子和豚鼠等动物同伴的存在可以缓解一些患者的孤独感或抑郁情绪。A. confirm 确认，证实；B. protest 抗议；C. enhance 加强；D. ease 减轻。分析上下文，此处讲的是另外一种治疗办法---利用动物的陪伴。下文提到养宠物还有很多其他的健康益处，比如降低血压。所以可知，动物同伴给患者带来了好处，可以缓解患者的孤独感或抑郁情绪。故选D项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了动物本身提供的陪伴之外，与其他宠物主人交往的机会也可能增加。A. socializing 社交，交际；B. interfering 妨碍；C. comparing 比较，对照；D. coping 复制，抄写。分析上下文，养动物的人会和其他宠物主人交流，因此会增加与其他宠物主人交往的机会。故选A项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。此外，其他一些替代方法可能包括锻炼、节食等，许多患者发现这些方法对缓解症状有恢复作用。A. historic 历史性的，有历史意义的；B. restorative 有助于复原的，恢复健康的；C. decisive 决定性的，果断的；D. permanent 永久的，永恒的。分析上下文可知，此处仍在讲述治疗孤独症的方法。此处的锻炼，节食等都是有助于缓解孤独，恢复健康的。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究结果还表明，纠正不适应的社会认知提供了减少孤独的最佳机会。A. promoting 促进，晋升；B. enhancing 加强；C. reducing 减少；D. striving 努力，奋斗。分析上下文，根据划线前提到“纠正不适应的社会认知”可知，也是治疗孤独的方法，可以减少孤独。故选C项。
53．考查形容词义辨析。句意：然而，孤独有时在创作过程中扮演着重要的角色。A. creative 有创意的；B. musical 音乐的；C. artistic 艺术的；D. poetic 诗歌的。分析上下文，根据后文提到了 “creative expression” 和 “creative activities” 可知，第13空A选项和他们相呼应，都在强调创作过程。故选A项。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这并不意味着孤独本身就保证了这种创造力，相反，它可能对艺术家的题材产生影响，更有可能出现在从事创作活动的个人身上。A. however 然而；B. therefore 因此；C. rather 相反；D. otherwise 否则。分析上下文，划线前提到“孤独本身无法保证创造力”，而后文提到“只是对艺术家的题材产生影响”。此处前后两句表示“对立”。故选C项。
55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：更有可能出现在从事创作活动的个人身上。A. restricted to 限制；B. engaged in 从事，忙于；C. concerned about 担心，关心；D. altered by 改变。分析上下文，前句提到孤独对艺术的影响体现在艺术家的题材和个人身上，此处的个人是“从事”创作的人。也是和前文提到的poet和musicians等。故选B项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and it’s true. I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson that I carry with me today.
My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Looking back, I honestly don’t know how she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look effortless. If we complained about not having what another kid did, we’d hear something like, “I don’t care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room, a car for your birthday or a lavish sweet-16 party.” We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not replaced.
It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed — and there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had to have it.
“It’s beautiful,” my mother said when I pointed it out to her. “What a neat basket.”
I tried to hold off at first. I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t stand it any longer: “Mom, please can I please, please get it I’ll do extra chores for as long as you say. I’ll do anything, but I need that basket. I love that basket. Please, Mom. Please ”
I was desperate.
“ You know,” she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever, “If you save up you could buy this yourself.”
“By the time I make enough it’ll be gone!”
“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you,” she smiled at Roger, the bike guy.
“He can’t hold it for that long, Mom. Someone else will buy it. Please, Mom, please ” “There might be another way,” she said.
And so our paying plan unfolded. My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I couldn’t find. Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there (washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front). And then, weeks later, I counted, re-counted and jumped for joy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon....
Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster. This horrible turn of events.
And then came the lesson I’ve taken with me through my life: “Honey, your basket is extra-special,” Mom said, gently wiping away my hot tears. “Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”
56．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．The mother raised her children in an unusual way.
B．The writer envied the daughters of the U.S. president.
C．The writer’s parents shared the duty to bring up children.
D．Managing budget is an effortless job to most housewives.
57．By using “naked” (Paragraph 12), the author seems to stress that the basket was ________.
A．well worth the effort she had made B．the most valuable she had ever obtained
C．an unnecessary accessory to her bike D．something the bike couldn’t do without
58．To the author, it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that ________.
A．the basket cost more than she had saved
B．someone else had got a basket of the same kind
C．her paying plan was spoiled
D．a neighborhood girl bought a nicer bike
59．What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother
A．Save money for a rainy day. B．Good advice is beyond all price.
C．Earn your bread with your sweat. D．God helps those who help themselves.
【答案】56．A 57．A 58．B 59．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是最珍贵的。
56．推理判断题。根据第二段的“We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not replaced.(我们不得不靠在家里做家务来赚取零用钱。我还记得我们擦咖啡桌腿花了多长时间。毫无疑问，我的兄弟们还记得打扫房子花了几个小时。就像在白宫长大的两个小女孩一样，我们自己铺床（不铺床谁也不能出门），然后自己收拾行李。我们必须记录我们的物品，如果有东西丢失了，就不会更换。)”可知，作者的母亲用不寻常的方法教育孩子。故选A项。
57．推理判断题。根据第十二段的“Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there (washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front). And then, weeks later, I counted, re-counted and jumped for joy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon....(每周，我都会急切地数着我不断增长的积蓄，这些积蓄是因为我到处做额外的工作（洗车、帮妈妈做饭、在自行车上送东西或收集东西，自行车在前面没有篮子的情况下看起来已经一丝不挂了）。几周后，我数了数，又数了一遍，高兴地跳了起来。哦，快乐的一天！我成功了！我终于拿到了我们商定的确切金额...)”以及联系第三段的“White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had to have it.( 这个白色、闪亮、塑料、装饰着鲜花的篮子朝我眨了眨眼睛，我知道——我知道——我必须拥有它。)”可知，作者非常想要一个篮子并且通过自己的努力而获得了，所以作者使naked“光秃秃的”这个词，说明这个篮子非常值得她努力。故选A项。
58． 细节理解题。根据第十三段的“A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster. This horrible turn of events.(一个和我玩过数百万次的邻居女孩出现了，她那辆闪闪发光的新自行车上固定着一模一样的篮子，上面已经有了所有的铃铛和口哨。我飞快地骑车回家，把这场灾难告诉了母亲。这可怕的转折。)” 可知，作者认为其他人有和她相同的篮子是一个灾难。故选B项。
59． 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.(你的篮子很特别，因为是你自己付的钱。)”并结合短文可知，作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是最珍贵的。由此判断出作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是Earn your bread with your sweat(用汗水赢得面包)。故选C项。
(B)
There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that-it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.
Sustainability
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体)from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
60．What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production
A．It helps cooks to create new dishes. B．It saves time and effort in cooking.
C．It improves the cooking conditions. D．It contributes to restaurant decorations
61．According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed food _______.
A．is more available to consumers B．can meet individual nutritional needs
C．is more tasty than food in supermarkets D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
62．What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely
A．The printing process is complicated. B．3D food printers are too expensive.
C．Food materials have to be dry D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing
【答案】60．B 61．B 62．C
【导语】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。
60．推理判断题。根据文章Food production中的“With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that-it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. (有了3D打印机，厨师可以打印复杂的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的装饰在婚礼蛋糕上。不是每个人都能做到这一点——这需要多年的经验，但一台打印机使它变得容易。西班牙一家餐厅使用Foodini来“重新制作”“一模一样”的食物，让厨师们腾出时间去完成其他任务。)”可推断，3D打印的优势是节省了做饭的时间和精力。故选B。
61．细节理解题。根据文章Nutrition 中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.（食品打印可以让消费者打印出具有定制营养成分的食品，比如维生素。）”可知，3D打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求。故选B。
62．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. (最重要的是，现在大多数3D食品打印机都局限于干燥的原料，因为肉类和奶制品很容易变质。一些专家对3D食品打印机持怀疑态度，认为它们更适合快餐店，而不是家庭和高端餐厅。)”可推断，食品材料必须干燥是阻碍3D食品打印普及的主要因素。故选C。
(C)
Conservationists go to war over whether humans are the measure of nature’s value. New Conservationists argue such trade-offs are necessary in this human dominated era. And they support “re-wilding”, a concept originally proposed by Soule where people reduce economic growth and withdraw from landscapes, which then return to nature.
New Conservationists believe the withdrawal could happen together with economic growth. The California-based Breakthrough Institute believes in a future where most people live in cities and rely less on natural resources for economic growth.
They would get food from industrial agriculture, including genetically modified foods, desalination intensified meat production and aquaculture (水产养殖), all of which have a smaller land footprint. And they would get their energy from renewables and natural gas.
Driving these profound shifts would be greater efficiency of production, where more products could be manufactured from fewer inputs. And some unsustainable commodities would be replaced in the market by other, greener ones-natural gas for coal, for instance, explained Michael Heisenberg., president of the Breakthrough Institute. Nature would, in essence, be decoupled from the economy.
And then he added a warning: “We are not suggesting decoupling as the pattern to save the world, or that it solves all the problems.”
Cynics (悲观者) may say all this sounds too utopian, but Breakthrough maintains the world is already on this path toward decoupling. Nowhere is this more evident than in the United Sates, according to Iddo Wernick, a research scholar at the Rockefeller University, who has examined the nation’s use of 100 main commodities.
Wernick and his colleagues looked at data carefully from the U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals Information Center, which keeps a record of commodities used from 1900 through the present day. They found that the use of 36 commodities (sand, iron ore, cotton etc.) in the U. S. Economy had peaked.
Another 53 commodities (nitrogen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used more efficiently per dollar value of gross domestic product than in the pre-1970s era. Their use would peak soon, Wernick said.
Only 11 commodities (industrial diamond, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use (Greenwire, Nov. 6), and most of these are employed by industries in small quantities to improve systems processes. Chicken use is rising because people are eating less beef, a desirable development since poultry cultivation has a smaller environmental footprint.
The numbers show the United States has not intensified resource consumption since the 1970s even while increasing its GDP and population, said Jesse Ausubel of the Rockefeller University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectation we had, we were always assuming the future involved greater consumption of resources,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the developed countries is, of course, peaks.”
63．What does the underlined word “trade-offs” refer to in the first paragraph
A．The difficult situation of economies growth.
B．The profitability of import and export trade.
C．The balance between human development and natural ecology.
D．The consumption of natural resources by industrial development.
64．Which of the following is true of the views of the new environmentalists
A．They believe that mankind should limit economic growth.
B．They believe that mankind is the master of the whole universe.
C．They believe that mankind should live in forests with rich vegetation.
D．They believe that mankind will need more natural resources in the future.
65．What can we infer from the last paragraph of the passage
A．Natural resources cannot support economic development.
B．All resource consumption in developed countries has reached a peak.
C．More resource consumption will not occur in a certain period of time.
D．Excessive resource consumption will not affect the ecological environment.
66．What is the passage mainly about
A．Urbanization and re-wildness.
B．Human existence and industrial development.
C．Commodity trading and raw material development.
D．Socioeconomic development and resource consumption.
【答案】63．C 64．A 65．C 66．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新保护主义者的“重野化”概念。
63．词句猜测题。根据前文“Conservationists go to war over whether humans are the measure of nature’s value. (自然资源保护主义者就人类是否是自然价值的衡量标准展开了战争)”可知，自然资源保护主义者倡导权衡人类与自然关系，结合后文“And they support “re-wilding”, a concept originally proposed by Soule where people reduce economic growth and withdraw from landscapes, which then return to nature. (他们还支持“再野生化”，这一概念最初是由索勒提出的，即人们减少经济增长，退出自然景观，然后回归自然)”可知，他们提倡人们减少经济增长，退出自然景观，然后回归自然。由此推知，他们认为这种人与自然的平衡是必要的，trade-offs指的是人类发展与自然生态的平衡。故选C。
64．推理判断题。根据第二段中“New Conservationists believe the withdrawal could happen together with economic growth. The California-based Breakthrough Institute believes in a future where most people live in cities and rely less on natural resources for economic growth. (新环保主义者认为，退出可以与经济增长一起发生。总部位于加州的突破研究所相信，未来大多数人将生活在城市，经济增长对自然资源的依赖将减少)”可推知，新环保主义者认为人类应该限制经济增长。故选A。
65．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It seems like the 20th-century expectation we had, we were always assuming the future involved greater consumption of resources,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the developed countries is, of course, peaks.” (奥苏贝尔说：“这似乎就像我们20世纪的预期，我们总是假设未来会消耗更多的资源。”“但我们在发达国家看到的，当然是峰值。”)”可断，现在的资源消耗是峰值，由此推知，在一段时间内不会出现更多的资源消耗。故选C。
66．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是前两段的内容可知，这篇短文主要讨论了新保护主义者的观点，他们认为人类是衡量自然价值的标准，提倡“重野化”概念，即人们应限制经济增长，减少对自然资源的依赖，提高生产效率，并从自然景观中退出，让自然回归。因此，文章主要和社会经济发展、资源消耗有关。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Modern computer technology has made a new kind of human relationship possible: online friendship. 67 Are online friendships as beneficial as face-to-face friendships What are the advantages and disadvantages of having virtual friends Can people form strong bonds online Today these questions are the subject of lively debate.
Some people believe that the Internet is the best way to make new friends. It’s convenient, it’s fast, and it allows making contact with different kinds of people from all over the world. When you use social networking, websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with interests and hobbies similar to yours. Information updates and photos add to the experience. Making friends on the Internet is especially good for shy people who feel uncomfortable in social situations. It’s often easier to share thoughts and feelings online. 68 They can make people feel less lonely and help them solve problems.
Although the Internet can encourage friendship, it has a major disadvantage. 69 Online friends only tell you what they want you to know. They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hide the less positive ones, so you can’t be sure of what they really like. That is why you should not give personal information to anyone online unless you’re totally sure of who that person is.
Can online friendship be as meaningful as face-to-face ones There are different points of view. Researchers at the University of Southern California surveyed 2,000 households in the United States. The results showed that more than 40 percent of participants feel “as strongly about their online buddies” as they do about their “offline” friends. 70 In contrast, there are many people who believe that it’s not possible to have deep relationships with online friends, A young Indian software engineer, Lalitha Lakshmipathy, says, “it’s good to feel connected with many people, but all my e-buddies are not necessarily my close friends.” They say that it’s hard to develop feelings of trust and connection when you don’t share experiences in person.
People continue to express different opinions about online friendship. However, most of them would agree that virtual friendships must not replace face-to-face friendships. As one life coach says, “a social networking site should only be the ‘add on’ in any relationship.”
A．In addition, virtual friends can offer emotional support.
B．When you’re not face to face, it’s much easier to deceive people.
C．Many people would agree.
D．Researchers also found that it’s not unusual for online friends to become face-to-face friend.
E．Online friends may be of help in many ways.
F．Online friends, or virtual friends, are people who have become acquainted with each other through the Internet.
【答案】67．F 68．A 69．B 70．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了现代计算机技术带来的新型人际关系——在线友谊。
67．根据上文“Modern computer technology has made a new kind of human relationship possible: online friendship(现代计算机技术使一种新型的人际关系成为可能：网络友谊)”可知，上文提出了网络友谊这一概念，可推理出下文对这一概念进行解释，与F项“Online friends, or virtual friends, are people who have become acquainted with each other through the Internet(网络朋友或虚拟朋友是指通过互联网相互认识的人)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
68．根据下文“They can make people feel less lonely and help them solve problems.( 它们可以让人们不那么孤独，并帮助他们解决问题)”可知此处上下文说的是虚拟朋友可以提供情感支持，与A项“In addition, virtual friends can offer emotional support.(此外，虚拟朋友可以提供情感支持。)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
69．根据下文“Online friends only tell you what they want you to know. They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hide the less positive ones, so you can’t be sure of what they really like.( 网上朋友只告诉你他们想让你知道的事情。他们有时夸大自己的好品质，而隐藏不那么积极的品质，所以你无法确定他们真正喜欢什么)”可知，此处上下文说的是虚拟朋友由于无法面对面交流，可能会有欺骗人的情况，与B项“When you’re not face to face, it’s much easier to deceive people.( 当你不面对面时，欺骗别人会容易得多。)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
70．根据上文“The results showed that more than 40 percent of participants feel “as strongly about their online buddies” as they do about their “offline” friends.( 结果显示，超过40%的参与者对“在线好友”的感觉和对“离线”好友的感觉一样强烈。)”可知此处上下文说的是研究人员发现的一项研究结果，即网上的朋友变成面对面的朋友以后，他们的友谊依然感觉强烈，与D项“Researchers also found that it’s not unusual for online friends to become face-to-face friend.(研究人员还发现，网上朋友变成面对面的朋友并不罕见)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
IV.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Teens and Screens
Forced by parent protesters citing to research into the links between adolescent social-media habits and risk factors for suicide, such as depression, two large investors in Apple have agreed that the technology company must help parents limit their children’s smart phone use. On social media, parents are constantly complaining about phones’ addictive properties. On the school run, parents compare strategies for limiting screen time.
Before going for the off switch, parents should ask a question. Does cutting down on their kids’ use of iPhones, Instagram and so on do much good in solving adolescents’ problems On the available evidence, the answer may be no. Some studies of Britain and America, which conduct large surveys of young people, have found correlations (相关性) between heavy technology use and unhappiness. Correlation is not causation, however, it could be that unhappy people seek refuge online. And the correlations are very weak. Only about 1% of the variability in young people’s mental well being can be explained by social-media or smartphone use. One British study suggests that eating breakfast regularly is more than three times as important.
Parents who worry about their teenage kids can do something, however. Drive them out of the house. There is plenty of evidence for the cheering effects of hanging out with friends. Yet youngsters are doing less of this. Social pressure is one reason. According to broader attitudes in Britain, “teenagers hanging out on the streets” is a standard measure of anti-social behaviour. The authoritative Crime Survey of England asks people whether adolescent hanging-out should be regarded as a social problem. Most respondents said yes. That the rate of adolescent hanging-out has dropped from 33% to 16% in ten years may please criminologists, but it is unlikely to signal happier teenagers.
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【答案】Parents and investors are concerned about the impact of social media on adolescents' mental health, leading Apple to consider limiting smartphone use. However, reducing screen time may not be the solution, as the link between technology use and unhappiness is weak. Encouraging teenagers to spend more time with friends may have a more positive impact on their well-being.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，社交媒体使用与青少年自杀风险因素之间关联的研究导致家长和投资者担心社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响，进而促使苹果公司考虑限制智能手机使用。然而，减少屏幕时间可能并不是解决问题的办法，因为科技使用与不幸福之间的关联并不强。文章表明，促进青少年与朋友之间的社交互动可能对他们的幸福感产生更积极的影响。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Forced by parent protesters citing to research into the links between adolescent social-media habits and risk factors for suicide, such as depression, two large investors in Apple have agreed that the technology company must help parents limit their children’s smart phone use.
②Some studies of Britain and America, which conduct large surveys of young people, have found correlations (相关性) between heavy technology use and unhappiness.
③Correlation is not causation, however, it could be that unhappy people seek refuge online. And the correlations are very weak.
④Parents who worry about their teenage kids can do something, however. Drive them out of the house. That the rate of adolescent hanging-out has dropped from 33% to 16% in ten years may please criminologists, but it is unlikely to signal happier teenagers.
2.缜密构思
将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
The concerns of parents and investors about the impact of social media on the mental health of adolescents have led to Apple considering restrictions on smartphone usage.
However, reducing screen time may not be the solution, as the link between technology use and unhappiness is not strong.
The article suggests that encouraging adolescents to spend more time with friends may have a more positive impact on their well-being.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Parents and investors are concerned about the impact of social media on adolescents' mental health, leading Apple to consider limiting smartphone use.运用了现在分词作状语结构，表达高级。
[高分句型2] Encouraging teenagers to spend more time with friends may have a more positive impact on their well-being.使用动名词作主语的结构表达非常高级。
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil)
【答案】He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me.
【详解】考查时态。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“用水壶”是with a/the kettle，“烧了些水”是boil some water，boil用过去式，“为我”是for me，“泡一杯茶”是make a cup of tea，make用过去式，用and连接两个动作。故答案为He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me.
73．这部电影，还原生活，它提醒观众们幸福来之不易。(remind)
【答案】This film, restoring life, reminds the audience that happiness has not come easily.
【详解】考查动词、非谓语和宾语从句。分析句子，句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“还原生活”用restore life，此处用现在分词作后置定语；表示“提醒观众……”用remind the audience that...其中that引导宾语从句；表示“幸福来之不易”用happiness has not come easily，此表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即使用现在完成时，故翻译为This film, restoring life, reminds the audience that happiness has not come easily。
74．众所周知，在我们的厨余垃圾中仍有不少的资源值得再利用。(acknowledge)
【答案】It is acknowledged that many resources are still worthy of being recycled in our kitchen waste.
【详解】考查主语从句用法。根据句意及提示词，表示“众所周知”应为It is widely acknowledged that”, it 做形式主语，结合句意可知，该句描述的是现在的客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，分析句意可知，表示“在我们的厨余垃圾中仍有不少的资源值得再利用”应为主语从句，根据句意，表示“不少的资源”应为many resources作从句的主语，表示“值得作某事”应为be worthy of doing sth.，句子主语为名词复数，所以be动词应为are，表示“再利用”应为recycle，且与句子主语之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用动名词的被动形式being recycled作宾语，表示“在我们的厨余垃圾中”应为in our kitchen waste，所以宾语从句译为many resources are still worthy of being recycled in our kitchen waste，从句中不缺少主语和宾语且句意完整，所以使用that引导主语从句。故翻译为It is acknowledged that many resources are still worthy of being recycled in our kitchen waste.
75．正是因为贯彻“顾客为本”的理念，那个落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。(It)
【答案】It is because of the implementation of the “customer first” concept that the long-deserted community shopping mall could return to the public eye.
【详解】考查强调句型。because of (因为)，implementation (贯彻)，concept (理念)，可用“It is +被强调部分+ that/who +其它”强调句型结构表达，此处被强调部分是原因状语because of the implementation of the “customer first” concept，用that；主句部分谓语用“情态动词could+动词原形”，long-deserted (落寞已久的)，shopping mall (商场)，故翻译为：It is because of the implementation of the “customer first” concept that the long-deserted community shopping mall could return to the public eye.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
假如你是明启中学的高三学生李华。为了更贴近学生生活，满足学生需求，你所在的学校计划在校园网站上增加一个栏目，拟从四个栏目里选择个一个：“学生来信”、“心理聊天室”、“职业发展规划”和“校园热搜”。学校正在向全体师生征求建议，给校方写一封信。信中必须包含：
1. 你会选择增加的栏目；
2. 你的理由。
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【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am very happy to know that the school plans to add a column on the campus website to get close to students’ life and meet their needs. As for me, I choose the “Psychological Chat room” section. The reasons are as follows.
On the one hand, with the increasing academic pressure, many students are unable to adapt to the life of senior three and do not know how to deal with the psychological burden caused by study. There are even some students in low mood or lacking enthusiasm and depression, so it is necessary to actively and effectively relieve psychological pressure to cultivate good values. And also physical and mental health is conducive to the growth of students. On the other hand, as far as I am concerned, in addition to what mentioned above, many students also have a lot of confusion about how to deal with interpersonal relations. Opening this program can not only give students guidance in making friends, but also broaden our vision.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestion.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生关于学校校园网上增加某个栏目给学校写一份建议信，信中必须包含：选择增加的栏目以及理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
愉快的：happy→ delighted
建议： suggestion→ advice
处理：deal with→ cope with
必要的：necessary→ essential
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On the one hand, with the increasing academic pressure, many students are unable to adapt to the life of senior three and do not know how to deal with the psychological burden caused by study.
拓展句：On the one hand, as the academic pressure increases, many students are unable to adapt to the life of senior three and do not know how to deal with the psychological burden caused by study.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On the one hand, with the increasing academic pressure, many students are unable to adapt to the life of senior three and do not know how to deal with the psychological burden caused by study. （运用了with复合结构和过去分词作定语）
【高分句型2】On the other hand, as far as I am concerned, in addition to what mentioned above, many students also have a lot of confusion about how to deal with interpersonal relations.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
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