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2024年中考英语二轮复习专题-冠代数介专题
冠词
(1)不定冠词a/an
a. a用于 辅音音素 开头的单数可数名词前;a woman
an用于 元音音素 开头的单数可数名词前:an egg
b.用于 第一次提到 的人或事物的名词前:I have a new book.
c. 泛指 某个人，某一类人或物:
A boy is waiting for you.
d.表示 数量“一个” ，相当于one:
I have a mouth and a nose.
e.用于某些 不可数名词前 :a heavy rain
f.用在 序数词前 ，表示:“又一，再一”:
She has got two sons, but she wants to have a third one.
g.用于 固定搭配或习惯用法 :have a rest
(2)定冠词the
a. 特指 的人、事物或上文提过的人或事物:
b.用于世上 独一无二的事物名词或专有名词前: the moon、the Great Wall
c.用于 单数可数名词前 ，表示某一类人或事物:
The horse is a useful animal.
d.用于 姓氏复数前，表示“某人一家”:the Greens
e.用于 形容词前，表示某一类人:the rich
f.用于 西洋乐器前 :play the violin.
g.用于 序数词和形容词最高级前、比较级的特殊句型、表示年代的数中:the fifth floor
h.用于 身体部位的名词前 :on the shoulder
i.用于 固定搭配或习惯用法 :at the end of
(3)零冠词
a. 专有名词(人名、地名等)前 :China
b. 年、月、星期前 :in 2023
c. 季节、节假日前 :on Teachers’ Day
d. 球类、棋类和学科前 :play soccer
e. 三餐前 一般不用冠词，若前有adj.修饰，则用不定冠词:have breakfast
f. 名词前有限定词或形容词性物主代词时:this tree
g.by与表示交通工具的名词连用，表示交通方式时 : by bus
h. 固定搭配或习惯用法: at home
代词
(1)人称代词
a.主格＋ v. ：she is
b. v./prep. ＋宾格：give her
(2)物主代词
a.形容词性物主代词＋ n. ：your bag
b.名词性物主代词后 不接n. ：ours＝our＋n.
(3)反身代词
a. v./prep. ＋反身代词(作宾语)：enjoy yourself
b. 系动词 ＋反身代词(作表语)
c. n./pron.后或句末 (作同位词)：John himself
(4)指示代词
a.this和these 指 较近 的事物：this map these books
b.that和those指 较远 的事物：that present those kids
c.it
指代 上文提及的内容
表示天气、季节、星期、时间等
特殊用法：
作 形式主语 ：it’s ＋adj.＋to do sth.
作 形式宾语 ：sb. find it ＋adj.＋to do sth.
固定句型 ：it’s time to do sth./for sth.
(5)不定代词
a.some用于 肯定句 ；any用于 否定句/疑问句 ：
They have some questions.
I don't have any pens.
b.each表 两个或两个以上 中的每一个， 可与of连用；every表 三个或三个以上 的每一个，不可与of直接连用
c.all指 三个或三个以上 的人或物；
both意为“ 两者 都”：all of us、both women
数词
(1)时间的表达
a.顺读法：小时＋分钟 six ten(6:10)
b.逆读法：先读分钟后读小时
分钟小于或等于30用past：twenty-eight past eight(8:28)
分钟大于30用to：twenty to nine(8:40)
c.半小时用 half ，15分钟用 quarter
a quarter past three(3:15) a half past nine
(2)数量、倍数、频率与度量单位的表达
a.倍数的表达：三倍以上用 基数词 ＋times five times(五倍)
b.度量单位的表达：9 meters deep(9米深)
(3)价格的表达基数词＋ 金钱单位 ：100 dollars
(4)年、月、日与世纪、年代的表达
in＋ 年份/月份 ，on＋具体到哪一天
in April、on April 2nd
(5)年龄的表达
a. 基数词 (＋years old)或at the age of＋ 基数词 ：
ten (years old)＝at the age of ten
b. 基数词 -year-old：15-year-old
(6)序数词的用法
a. a/an 与序数词连用，表示“又一；再一”a fourth time
b. one's ＋序数词＋ birthday 表示“某人的几岁生日”
my mother's thirtieth birthday
(7)分数的表达:one third、two thirds
(8)hundred、thousand等此类词的用法
a.前有 数字 后不加s：five hundred people
b.后接 of 时，要加s：billions of students
介词
(l)表示时间的介词
a. at + 具体的时间点 或用于 固定搭配 中:at six o'clock、at last
b. in +世纪/年代/年份/季节/月份/上午/下午/晚上：in the morning、in winter
in + 一段时间 表示“在……之内”:in two days
c. on + 星期/具体的日期、节日/某个特定的早、中、晚前:on Sunday
d. for + 一段时间 :Bob has studied Chinese for 10 years.
e. from + 表示时间的起点 :from Friday
f. before 表示“ 在……之前 ”:before dinner
g.after 表示“ 在……之后 ”:after two days
(2)表示地点和位置的介词
a. at + 小地方 :at a small house
b.in + 大地方 :in America
c. on 表示“在……之上” :on the floor
d. under 表示 “ 在……之下” :under the bridge
e. between 表示“在两者之间”：between the two cities
f. among 表示“在三者或三者以上之间” :among the nine students
(3)表示方式、手段、方向等的介词
a. with/ without + 人/物/具体的工具 :with my parents
b.in + 方式/语言/语调/工具类型/颜色 :in English、in red
c. by + 方式/手段/交通工具 :by hand
d. to + 目的地 或用于 固定搭配 中:to the garden
一．语法单选题。
1.(2023省卷36题)David has been to many space camps over the last eight years.Last month,he went to
new space camp.
( )A .a B .an C .the
解析：A 在文中首次提到，泛指一个，一个新太空营地。辅音音素前用a.
2.(2022省卷38题改编)Sometimes when she was so tired that she felt like crying,she would find quiet place and cry out loud.
( )A .a B .an C .the
解析：A 在文中首次提到，泛指一个，一个安静的地方。辅音音素前用a.
3.(2021省卷35题)Along the river,there's eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway.
( )A ./ B .a C .an D .the
解析：C 此处泛指“一条8千米长的木栈道”，eight的读音以元音音素/e /开头，故用an。
4.(2023省卷32题)At the age of seven,David had first astronaut(宇航员)training experience.
( )A .he B .him C .his
解析：C 空格后有核心名词astronaut，用形容词性物主代词。
5.(2022省卷40题)Finally,_______hard work paid off.She got into a famous college and started her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
( )A .she B .her C .hers
解析：B 空格后有核心名词work，用形容词性物主代词。
6.(2019省卷35题)Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat.She learned it all by_______.
( )A .she B .her C .herself D .hers
解析：C by herself表示亲自的，独自的。
7.(2021省卷33题)Workers started to build the bridge in May,2018. cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete.
( )A .It B .Its C .They D .Theirs
解析：A 分析句子成分可知，空格位于谓语动词前，需用人称代词的主格形式作主语。联系上文可知此处指代the bridge，为第三人称单数，故用It。
8.(2019省卷32题)We are proud of our country.The year 2019 is her birthday.
( )A .seventy B .the seventy C .the seventieth D .seventieth
解析：D 上下文语境法。2019年是她的70岁生日。空格前有形容词性物主代词her，因此不想要加the.
9.(2018省卷35题)According to a survey,four out of five women do housework at home,but only
of men would do it.
( )A .four fifth B .four fifths C .two fifth D .two fifths
解析：D 考查分数表达法。根据句子意思，前文五分之四的妇女在家做家务，but表转折，因为比例更小，排除AB，C选项形式错误，分子大于1，分母序数词要加s.
10.(2017省卷28题)Two months ago,China tested its aircraft carrier(航空母舰)built completely on its own.
( )A .one B .first C .the one D .the first
解析：B 上下文语境法。两个月前，中国测试了自己建造的航空母舰。
11.(2023省卷34题)They had a taste of what it was like to travel space.
( )A .on B .in C .for
解析：B 上下文语境分析，travel in space在太空旅行
12.(2022省卷31题)She was born and raised a village in Hebei province.
( )A .in B .for C .with
解析：A 考查地点介词，上下文语境分析。in a village在一个村庄
13.(2021省卷34题)The bridge runs two mountains.At its highest point,it is 175 meters off
the ground.
( )A .at B .under C .among D .between
解析：D 考查方位介词，上下文语境分析。这座桥位于两座山之间。
14.(2020省卷31题)Judie's class was studying Chinese culture.One day,her teacher went into the
classroom some kites.
( )A .to B .in C .with D .by
解析：C 考查方式介词，上下文语境分析。她的老师走进了教室带着风筝。
15.(2019省卷33题)I think tea will taste better some milk in it.
( )A .for B .with C .from D .at
解析：B 考查方式介词，上下文语境分析。我觉得茶里加点牛奶会觉得味道更好。
二．短文填空（2023年新题型变化）
that it this these those
1.(2023省卷66题)There is a small thing we use every day.We usually put in the bathroom.Without it,we might have tooth problems.
2.The number of elderly people in China now is much larger than ________of ten years ago.
3._________is my favorite picture of Shanhaiguan.I really want to see it again.
解析：
1.it 动词put后面用代词宾格，指代前面的a small thing ，用it.
2.that 在比较级中指代前文单数名词，用that，指代前文The number of elderly people in China.
3.This 指代后文的单数名词，用this.指下文的favorite picture of Shanhaiguan.
in with on at by of for
1.(2023省卷70题改编)As time went ,the forms of toothbrushes changed.
2.(2022省卷69题改编)Tea is mostly produced Asian countries like China and India.
3.(2021省卷67题改编)He is William,an American who has lived in China 33 years.
4.(2020省卷67题改编)Jane took part in a winter camp the age of eight.
5.(2019省卷72题改编)The village became popular because Grandpa Huang's hard work.
解析：
1.by 固定搭配，As time went by随着时间的推移
2.in 地点介词，in Asian countries在亚洲国家
3.for ，for+一段时间，表示持续一段时间。
4.at 固定搭配，at the age of ...在...多少岁的时候
5.of 固定搭配，because of因为，由于；基于
to from for after above in with
1.(省卷真题改编)Some valuable lessons he leant as a child have strongly influenced him
his later life.
2.(省卷真题改编)Mr.Zhang's mother lives with them and helps look the kid.
3.(省卷真题改编)Last Saturday I went to the Great Wall some of my friends.
4.(省卷真题改编)Things do not come easily in life.That is what I have learned him.
5.(省卷真题改编)I got lost yesterday.It was a kind driver who told me the way the railway station.
解析：
1.in 固定搭配，in his later life在他往后人生。
2.after 固定搭配，look after照顾；照料
3.with 上下文语境练习，句子意思：上周六，我和朋友们一起去了长城。
4.from 固定搭配，learn from..向…学习
5.to 固定搭配，the way to...通向…的路
考向一：冠词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，冠词考查了4次，其中不定冠词an/a考查了3次(表泛指)，定冠词the考查了1次(表特指)。针对该考点，学生需要先判断冠词表示特指还是泛指。
方法：
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了6次冠词(每年必考1题)，其中4次考查不定冠词a/an(表泛指)，2次考查定冠词the(固定用法)。针对该考点，同学们需先判断是用不定冠词还是定冠词。
1. 判断冠词表特指还是表泛指。
(1)若该人或事物在文中首次提到，或者表示数量“一个、一种”等，表泛指，用不定冠词a/an。
(2)若表示上文提及过的人或事物，表特指，用定冠词the；世界上独一无二的事物名词前，序数词和形容词最高级前，在固定用法中，用定冠词the
例：Judie's dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite. They made…The next morning, they took 38 kite to the park and tested it. (2020广东中考)
(　　)38. A. a B. an C. the D. /
特指上文提及过的“Judie和她父亲一起制作的那只风筝”，故用the。
例：Five of them were strong. They chirped loudly. But 　2　 last one that came out was not strong at all. This Little one was called Little Six. (2023广州中考)
(　　)2. A. a B. an C. the D. /
由上文提及“其中五只鸟是强壮的”可知，此处特指最后一只鸟，表特指要用定冠词the，故选C。
例：He began learning to play 　3　 violin when he was 20 years old.(2018广州中考)
(　　)3. A. a B. an C. the D. this
西洋乐器前用定冠词the，故选C。
2. 表示泛指时，判断用不定冠词a还是an。
若空格位于名词前(或名词前还有一个形容词)，要根据空格后紧跟的单词的发音的第一个音素来判断用不定冠词a还是an。若单词的发音以辅音音素开头，则用不定冠词a；若以元音音素开头，则用不定冠词an。
例：Along the river, there's 35 eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway. (2021广东中考)
(　　)35. A. / B. a C. an D. the
此处泛指“一条8千米长的木栈道”，eight的读音以元音音素/e /开头，故用an。
例：I named it Bob, I put 　2　 beautiful toy house with windows in the tank(鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. (2022广州中考)
(　　)2. A. a B. an C. the D. /
此处泛指“一间漂亮的玩具屋”，beautiful的读音以辅音音素/b/开头，故选A。
例：His wife, Alice, is angry. “You must do something！”David thinks hard and has 　4　 idea. (2020广州中考)
(　　)4. A. a B. an C. the D. /
此处泛指“一个主意”，idea的读音以元音音素/a /开头，故选B。
考向二：冠词在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，不定冠词a考查了1次，不定冠词an考查了1次。主要是根据固定搭配及上下文确定答案。
方法：
1. 固定搭配判断法。
例：On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted 78 lot of well-known Chinese sayings. (广东中考真题)
固定搭配：a lot of 意为“大量，许多”，故用a。
例：With the attitude(态度) of “one brick more”, both Will and Harry rebuilt the wall in 77 period of six months. (广东中考真题)
固定搭配：a period of意为“一段时间”，故用a。
2. 上下文判断法。
例：The Great Wall is known as the eighth wonder of the world… Just at the moment, we saw 75 little boy standing alone and crying. We went over and asked what happened to him. (广东中考真题)
空格后接形容词＋名词，且文章首次出现boy，故可知此处泛指“一个小男孩”，little的读音以辅音音素/l/开头，故用a。
考向三：代词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，代词常考形容词性物主代词的用法、人称代词作主语的用法等。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了15次代词(每年必考2~4题)，其中2次考查人称代词宾格，1次考查人称代词主格，2次考查形容词性物主代词，1次考查反身代词，2次考查不定代词“some”，1次考查不定代词“little”，1次考查不定代词“a little”，1次考查复合不定代词“anything”，1次考查不定代词“another”，1次考查不定代词“other”。
1. 形容词性物主代词作定语，用在名词前或固定搭配中。
例：At the age of seven, David had 32 first astronaut(宇航员) training experience. (2023广东中考)
(　　)32. A. he　　 　B. him　　　 C. his
分析句子成分可知，修饰名词experience需用形容词性物主代词，故用his。
例：High up in a tree, a mother bird was watching _______ six baby birds come out of the eggs lovingly. (2023广州中考)
(　　)1. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
名词前用形容词性物主代词，故选B。
2. 人称代词作主语，用在动词前。
例：Workers started to build the bridge in May, 2018. 33 cost $2. 8 million and took over two years to complete. (2021广东中考)
(　 )33. A. It 　　B. Its C. They D. Theirs
分析句子成分可知，空格位于谓语动词前，需用人称代词的主格形式作主语。联系上文可知此处指代the bridge，为第三人称单数，故用It。
例：By this time other raindrops had seen what 　12　 did. One said, “If you two are doing such a good job， I shall follow!” (2021广州中考)
(　　)12. A. you B. they C. it D. he
由下文提及“一滴雨滴说：“如果你们两个在做如此好的事情，我会跟着做！”可知, 此处指这时，其他雨滴已经看到了它们做的事，且动词did前缺主语，故选B。
3.人称代词作宾语，用在动词或介词后。
例：They move on until at last, David sees some houses below. The children run to meet 　10　. (2020广州中考)　
(　　)10. A. he B. his C. him D. himself
动词meet后可用人称代词的宾格或反身代词。本句主语是the children，与宾语不是同一个人，此处需用人称代词的宾格，故选C。
4.反身代词与被指代的人称和数上保持一致，表示“某人自己”。
例：I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by 　15　. (2022广州中考)
(　　)15. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
由句义可知我希望下次我能独自清洗水箱。固定搭配：by oneself意为“独自”，该句的主语是I，故选D。
考向四：代词在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近5年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，代词考查了5次，其中物主代词5年2考、人称代词5年3考。所考查的代词主要是根据句子结构和上下文来确定。
1. 人称代词作宾语，用在动词或介词后。
it　 either 　 be 　because 　what　 else 　 by　 invent 　clean 　 popular 　 habit 　 hundred
例：There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put 41 in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. (2023广东中考)
分析句子成分可知，此处缺少宾语。由上文“我们每天都使用一个小的东西”可知，此处指我们通常把它(这个小的东西)放在浴室里，动词put后接人称代词的宾格形式，故用it。
2. 形容词性物主代词作定语，用在名词前或固定搭配中。
例：Although it was only a little money, she help 12 kids with it! She felt very excited when she saw smiles on 74 faces. (2020广东中考)
由句义及上文的“12 kids”可知，此处意为“他们的脸上”，且修饰名词faces要用形容词性物主代词，故用their。
3. 反身代词作宾语，用在动词或介词后，或在固定搭配中。
例：Even today when Will thinks that he won't be able to do something, he will look back to this experience and keep telling 80 , “one brick at a time”. (广东中考)
位于动词telling后作宾语，指代他自己，且主语是he，故用himself。
考向五：介词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近3年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，介词考查了3次，主要是根据句子结构和上下文来确定答案。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了6次介词(每年必考1道)，其中3次对介词的考查是根据固定搭配来确定答案的，3次是根据上下文推断来确定答案的。
例：They had a taste of what it was like to travel 34 space. (2023广东中考)
(　　)34. A. on　　　B. in　　　　C. for
作地点状语，表示“在太空中”，故选B。
考向六：介词在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近5年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，介词考查了4次，其中2次考查介词的固定搭配，2次是根据句子结构和上下文来确定答案。
1. 固定搭配法。
例：Jane took part in a winter camp 67 the age of eight. During her stay in the camp, she went to visit some kids in poor areas. (2020广东中考)
固定搭配：at the age of意为“在……岁时”，故用at。
例：Mama Bird brought them together and taught them to fly. 　13　 everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying! (2023广州中考)
(　　)13. A. In B. To C. For D. At
由上文提及鸟妈妈教它们飞行可知，此处指令所有人惊讶的是，Little Six是第一个开始飞行的。固定搭配：to one’s surprise 意为“令某人惊讶的是”，故选B。
2. 在句中作后置定语或状语，需根据上下文推敲意思。
例：He is William, an American who has lived in China 67 33 years. (2021广东中考)
分析句子可知，该句时态为现在完成时，“for＋一段时间”表示“(时间)持续/长达……”，故用for
例：However, 　5　 a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me to bring it into the kitchen. (2022广州中考)
(　　)5. A. before B. for C. after D. during
由后半句提及我注意到鱼缸变脏了可知，此处指一个月后，故选C。
　
一．语法选择短篇练 （代词专练）
The cat Tom and the mouse Jerry are of the most popular cartoon characters in the world. In the short cartoons, Tom is always trying to catch Jerry, but 1. ______ never succeeds. Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at 2. ______. The stories are full of fun.
William Hanna and Joseph Barbera both worked for MGM in the late 1930s. 3. ______ boss told them to make funny cartoons. Together they thought of an idea of a cat and a mouse.
The first Tom and Jerry cartoon was shown in cinemas in 1940s. People loved 4. ______ very much. Over the next 17 years, they made many Tom and Jerry cartoons. Now people all over the world often enjoy 5. ___________ when watching the cartoons. The cartoons are interesting.
( )1. A. he B. him C. his
( )2. A. his B. him C. himself
( )3. A. They B. Their C. Theirs
( )4. A. it B. its C. itself
( )5. A. them B. their C. themselves
解析：
1.A 句子结构分析法。But引导并列句，从句句首，在动词前用代词主格。
2.B 句子结构分析法。介词at后面做介词宾语，用代词宾格。
3.C 句子结构分析法。空格后有核心名词boss，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词
4.A 句子结构分析法。动词love后面做动词宾语，用代词宾格。
5.C 固定搭配法。Enjoy themselves玩得开心。
二．语法选择短篇练 （冠词专练）
Last year I joined a program to prepare for my higher education.I was busy and tired.Luckily,we had 1. talent show to help us get relaxed.
At first,no one wanted to attend the show.This made our teacher sad.He said,“If no one wants to take part in it,we will cancel 2. talent show.”Our monitor(班长)stood up and said,“We don't have much time to relax ourselves.We should take 3. active part in this activity."So many students started to prepare for the show.My classmate Evian and I chose to play
4. guitar.We had only one week to practice.We practiced hard every day because we all hoped to achieve 5. good result in the show.
Finally,the show was successful.We realized that we can enjoy the life after the busy study.
( )1.A .a B .an C .the
( )2.A ./ B .the C .a
( )3.A .a B .an C .the
( )4.A .a B .an C .the
( )5.A .the B .a C .an
解析：
1.A 在文中首次提到，泛指一个，一个选秀节目。辅音音素前用a.
2.B 特指上文提及过的选秀节目，故用the。
3.B 习惯搭配，take an active part积极参与，元音音素前用an.
4.C 习惯搭配，play the guitar弹吉他,乐器前加the.
5.B 泛指一个，一个好结果。辅音音素前用a.
三．选词填空（代词专练）
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
we another she he this all everyone anybody
My family like to get together.1. has his or her work to do on weekdays,so we always
have a good time together on weekends.
My aunts and uncles used to live in 2. city.We often drove to visit them at weekends.
Then they moved to our city and we were very happy.
Sometimes,we celebrate a special day.For example,3. evening we will celebrate my
grandfather's birthday.We are all working to prepare for 4. birthday party now.
My sister is cleaning the house with me.My mother and aunts are cooking the meal for tonight.We have already prepared candles.We 5. wonder what my grandfather wishes for.
When the weather is warm,we prepare some food to have a picnic.Travelling outdoors allows us to get close to nature We laugh,talk and play games.We can enjoy 6. .And I hope we can
spend more time together.
1.________ 2._________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________
解析：
1.Everyone 上下文语境法。不定代词做主语，句子意思：每个人在工作日都有自己的工作要做，所以我们总是 周末在一起玩得愉快。
2.another上下文语境法。表示三者以上的另一个，用another。句子意思：我的叔叔阿姨们以前住在另一个城市。
3.this上下文语境法。句子意思：例如，今天晚上我们将庆祝我的生日 祖父的生日。
4.his上下文语境法。句子意思：我们现在都在为他的生日聚会做准备。修饰核心名词party，用形容词性物主代词。
5.all上下文语境法。句子意思：我们都想知道我的祖父想要什么。all做we的同位语。
6.ourselves上固定搭配法。Enjoy ourselves玩得开心
四．短文填空（介词专练）
A father received a special birthday gift on his birthday. Chris and Mike both lived 1.________ America. They were sad that they could not stay 2. ________ their father. So they decided to ask for help from others to celebrate their father’s birthday 3. ________ last.
Last week, their father Christopher Ferry received a text message 4. ________ a stranger.
“5. ________ Thursday morning, I got a message that said ‘Happy Birthday’,” and I said, “‘Who is this ’” Ferry told reporters. “He said that he was Nick. But I don't know who Nick is. So I asked him how he knew my birthday. He said he read it on a billboard(告示牌) written 6. ________ hand.” It was Mike and Chris who had taken out a billboard reading “Wish My Father a Happy Birthday! Love, Your Sons”. The billboard also showed Ferry’s phone number. They had prepared it 7. ________ one week.
At first, Chris and Mike only expected their father to receive birthday wishes from his friends and family members. But surprisingly, a lot of strange people sent messages 8. ________ their father, too. Nick was
9. ________ them.
“We're very excited to see our dad's smile 10. ________ receiving all those warm messages,” said the brothers.
1.____　2.______　3.____　4._____　5.____
6.____ 7.____ 8.____ 9.________ 10.______
解析：
1.in 地点介词，in+大地方。
2.with 伴随状语，stay with their father和父母待在一起
3.at 固定词组，at last最后
4.from 来自，收到了一个陌生人发来的短信。
5.On 时间介词，on+具体一天的早上。
6.by 方式介词，by hand用手的
7.for 表示持续一段时间：for + 一段时间
8.to 上下文语境法，sent...to发送到...
9.among 表示三者以上的之间，用among
10.after 上下文语境法，“我们很高兴看到我们爸爸的微笑在收到了所有这些温暖的信息之后，”兄弟俩说。2024年中考英语二轮复习专题-冠代数介专题
冠词
(1)不定冠词a/an
a. a用于 辅音音素 开头的单数可数名词前;a woman
an用于 元音音素 开头的单数可数名词前:an egg
b.用于 第一次提到 的人或事物的名词前:I have a new book.
c. 泛指 某个人，某一类人或物:
A boy is waiting for you.
d.表示 数量“一个” ，相当于one:
I have a mouth and a nose.
e.用于某些 不可数名词前 :a heavy rain
f.用在 序数词前 ，表示:“又一，再一”:
She has got two sons, but she wants to have a third one.
g.用于 固定搭配或习惯用法 :have a rest
(2)定冠词the
a. 特指 的人、事物或上文提过的人或事物:
b.用于世上 独一无二的事物名词或专有名词前: the moon、the Great Wall
c.用于 单数可数名词前 ，表示某一类人或事物:
The horse is a useful animal.
d.用于 姓氏复数前，表示“某人一家”:the Greens
e.用于 形容词前，表示某一类人:the rich
f.用于 西洋乐器前 :play the violin.
g.用于 序数词和形容词最高级前、比较级的特殊句型、表示年代的数中:the fifth floor
h.用于 身体部位的名词前 :on the shoulder
i.用于 固定搭配或习惯用法 :at the end of
(3)零冠词
a. 专有名词(人名、地名等)前 :China
b. 年、月、星期前 :in 2023
c. 季节、节假日前 :on Teachers’ Day
d. 球类、棋类和学科前 :play soccer
e. 三餐前 一般不用冠词，若前有adj.修饰，则用不定冠词:have breakfast
f. 名词前有限定词或形容词性物主代词时:this tree
g.by与表示交通工具的名词连用，表示交通方式时 : by bus
h. 固定搭配或习惯用法: at home
代词
(1)人称代词
a.主格＋ v. ：she is
b. v./prep. ＋宾格：give her
(2)物主代词
a.形容词性物主代词＋ n. ：your bag
b.名词性物主代词后 不接n. ：ours＝our＋n.
(3)反身代词
a. v./prep. ＋反身代词(作宾语)：enjoy yourself
b. 系动词 ＋反身代词(作表语)
c. n./pron.后或句末 (作同位词)：John himself
(4)指示代词
a.this和these 指 较近 的事物：this map these books
b.that和those指 较远 的事物：that present those kids
c.it
指代 上文提及的内容
表示天气、季节、星期、时间等
特殊用法：
作 形式主语 ：it’s ＋adj.＋to do sth.
作 形式宾语 ：sb. find it ＋adj.＋to do sth.
固定句型 ：it’s time to do sth./for sth.
(5)不定代词
a.some用于 肯定句 ；any用于 否定句/疑问句 ：
They have some questions.
I don't have any pens.
b.each表 两个或两个以上 中的每一个， 可与of连用；every表 三个或三个以上 的每一个，不可与of直接连用
c.all指 三个或三个以上 的人或物；
both意为“ 两者 都”：all of us、both women
数词
(1)时间的表达
a.顺读法：小时＋分钟 six ten(6:10)
b.逆读法：先读分钟后读小时
分钟小于或等于30用past：twenty-eight past eight(8:28)
分钟大于30用to：twenty to nine(8:40)
c.半小时用 half ，15分钟用 quarter
a quarter past three(3:15) a half past nine
(2)数量、倍数、频率与度量单位的表达
a.倍数的表达：三倍以上用 基数词 ＋times five times(五倍)
b.度量单位的表达：9 meters deep(9米深)
(3)价格的表达基数词＋ 金钱单位 ：100 dollars
(4)年、月、日与世纪、年代的表达
in＋ 年份/月份 ，on＋具体到哪一天
in April、on April 2nd
(5)年龄的表达
a. 基数词 (＋years old)或at the age of＋ 基数词 ：
ten (years old)＝at the age of ten
b. 基数词 -year-old：15-year-old
(6)序数词的用法
a. a/an 与序数词连用，表示“又一；再一”a fourth time
b. one's ＋序数词＋ birthday 表示“某人的几岁生日”
my mother's thirtieth birthday
(7)分数的表达:one third、two thirds
(8)hundred、thousand等此类词的用法
a.前有 数字 后不加s：five hundred people
b.后接 of 时，要加s：billions of students
介词
(l)表示时间的介词
a. at + 具体的时间点 或用于 固定搭配 中:at six o'clock、at last
b. in +世纪/年代/年份/季节/月份/上午/下午/晚上：in the morning、in winter
in + 一段时间 表示“在……之内”:in two days
c. on + 星期/具体的日期、节日/某个特定的早、中、晚前:on Sunday
d. for + 一段时间 :Bob has studied Chinese for 10 years.
e. from + 表示时间的起点 :from Friday
f. before 表示“ 在……之前 ”:before dinner
g.after 表示“ 在……之后 ”:after two days
(2)表示地点和位置的介词
a. at + 小地方 :at a small house
b.in + 大地方 :in America
c. on 表示“在……之上” :on the floor
d. under 表示 “ 在……之下” :under the bridge
e. between 表示“在两者之间”：between the two cities
f. among 表示“在三者或三者以上之间” :among the nine students
(3)表示方式、手段、方向等的介词
a. with/ without + 人/物/具体的工具 :with my parents
b.in + 方式/语言/语调/工具类型/颜色 :in English、in red
c. by + 方式/手段/交通工具 :by hand
d. to + 目的地 或用于 固定搭配 中:to the garden
一．语法单选题。
1.(2023省卷36题)David has been to many space camps over the last eight years.Last month,he went to
new space camp.
( )A .a B .an C .the
2.(2022省卷38题改编)Sometimes when she was so tired that she felt like crying,she would find quiet place and cry out loud.
( )A .a B .an C .the
3.(2021省卷35题)Along the river,there's eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway.
( )A ./ B .a C .an D .the
4.(2023省卷32题)At the age of seven,David had first astronaut(宇航员)training experience.
( )A .he B .him C .his
5.(2022省卷40题)Finally,_______hard work paid off.She got into a famous college and started her life as a Beijing Opera actress.
( )A .she B .her C .hers
6.(2019省卷35题)Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat.She learned it all by_______.
( )A .she B .her C .herself D .hers
7.(2021省卷33题)Workers started to build the bridge in May,2018. cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete.
( )A .It B .Its C .They D .Theirs
8.(2019省卷32题)We are proud of our country.The year 2019 is her birthday.
( )A .seventy B .the seventy C .the seventieth D .seventieth
9.(2018省卷35题)According to a survey,four out of five women do housework at home,but only
of men would do it.
( )A .four fifth B .four fifths C .two fifth D .two fifths
10.(2017省卷28题)Two months ago,China tested its aircraft carrier(航空母舰)built completely on its own.
( )A .one B .first C .the one D .the first
11.(2023省卷34题)They had a taste of what it was like to travel space.
( )A .on B .in C .for
12.(2022省卷31题)She was born and raised a village in Hebei province.
( )A .in B .for C .with
13.(2021省卷34题)The bridge runs two mountains.At its highest point,it is 175 meters off
the ground.
( )A .at B .under C .among D .between
14.(2020省卷31题)Judie's class was studying Chinese culture.One day,her teacher went into the
classroom some kites.
( )A .to B .in C .with D .by
15.(2019省卷33题)I think tea will taste better some milk in it.
( )A .for B .with C .from D .at
二．短文填空（2023年新题型变化）
that it this these those
1.(2023省卷66题)There is a small thing we use every day.We usually put in the bathroom.Without it,we might have tooth problems.
2.The number of elderly people in China now is much larger than ________of ten years ago.
3._________is my favorite picture of Shanhaiguan.I really want to see it again.
in with on at by of for
1.(2023省卷70题改编)As time went ,the forms of toothbrushes changed.
2.(2022省卷69题改编)Tea is mostly produced Asian countries like China and India.
3.(2021省卷67题改编)He is William,an American who has lived in China 33 years.
4.(2020省卷67题改编)Jane took part in a winter camp the age of eight.
5.(2019省卷72题改编)The village became popular because Grandpa Huang's hard work.
to from for after above in with
1.(省卷真题改编)Some valuable lessons he leant as a child have strongly influenced him
his later life.
2.(省卷真题改编)Mr.Zhang's mother lives with them and helps look the kid.
3.(省卷真题改编)Last Saturday I went to the Great Wall some of my friends.
4.(省卷真题改编)Things do not come easily in life.That is what I have learned him.
5.(省卷真题改编)I got lost yesterday.It was a kind driver who told me the way the railway station.
考向一：冠词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，冠词考查了4次，其中不定冠词an/a考查了3次(表泛指)，定冠词the考查了1次(表特指)。针对该考点，学生需要先判断冠词表示特指还是泛指。
方法：
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了6次冠词(每年必考1题)，其中4次考查不定冠词a/an(表泛指)，2次考查定冠词the(固定用法)。针对该考点，同学们需先判断是用不定冠词还是定冠词。
1. 判断冠词表特指还是表泛指。
(1)若该人或事物在文中首次提到，或者表示数量“一个、一种”等，表泛指，用不定冠词a/an。
(2)若表示上文提及过的人或事物，表特指，用定冠词the；世界上独一无二的事物名词前，序数词和形容词最高级前，在固定用法中，用定冠词the
例：Judie's dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite. They made…The next morning, they took 38 kite to the park and tested it. (2020广东中考)
(　　)38. A. a B. an C. the D. /
例：Five of them were strong. They chirped loudly. But 　2　 last one that came out was not strong at all. This Little one was called Little Six. (2023广州中考)
(　　)2. A. a B. an C. the D. /
例：He began learning to play 　3　 violin when he was 20 years old.(2018广州中考)
(　　)3. A. a B. an C. the D. this
2. 表示泛指时，判断用不定冠词a还是an。
若空格位于名词前(或名词前还有一个形容词)，要根据空格后紧跟的单词的发音的第一个音素来判断用不定冠词a还是an。若单词的发音以辅音音素开头，则用不定冠词a；若以元音音素开头，则用不定冠词an。
例：Along the river, there's 35 eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway. (2021广东中考)
(　　)35. A. / B. a C. an D. the
例：I named it Bob, I put 　2　 beautiful toy house with windows in the tank(鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. (2022广州中考)
(　　)2. A. a B. an C. the D. /
例：His wife, Alice, is angry. “You must do something！”David thinks hard and has 　4　 idea. (2020广州中考)
(　　)4. A. a B. an C. the D. /
考向二：冠词在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，不定冠词a考查了1次，不定冠词an考查了1次。主要是根据固定搭配及上下文确定答案。
方法：
1. 固定搭配判断法。
例：On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted 78 lot of well-known Chinese sayings. (广东中考真题)
例：With the attitude(态度) of “one brick more”, both Will and Harry rebuilt the wall in 77 period of six months. (广东中考真题)
2. 上下文判断法。
例：The Great Wall is known as the eighth wonder of the world… Just at the moment, we saw 75 little boy standing alone and crying. We went over and asked what happened to him. (广东中考真题)
空格后接形容词＋名词，且文章首次出现boy，故可知此处泛指“一个小男孩”，little的读音以辅音音素/l/开头，故用a。
考向三：代词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，代词常考形容词性物主代词的用法、人称代词作主语的用法等。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了15次代词(每年必考2~4题)，其中2次考查人称代词宾格，1次考查人称代词主格，2次考查形容词性物主代词，1次考查反身代词，2次考查不定代词“some”，1次考查不定代词“little”，1次考查不定代词“a little”，1次考查复合不定代词“anything”，1次考查不定代词“another”，1次考查不定代词“other”。
1. 形容词性物主代词作定语，用在名词前或固定搭配中。
例：At the age of seven, David had 32 first astronaut(宇航员) training experience. (2023广东中考)
(　　)32. A. he　　 　B. him　　　 C. his
例：High up in a tree, a mother bird was watching _______ six baby birds come out of the eggs lovingly. (2023广州中考)
(　　)1. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
2. 人称代词作主语，用在动词前。
例：Workers started to build the bridge in May, 2018. 33 cost $2. 8 million and took over two years to complete. (2021广东中考)
(　 )33. A. It 　　B. Its C. They D. Theirs
例：By this time other raindrops had seen what 　12　 did. One said, “If you two are doing such a good job， I shall follow!” (2021广州中考)
(　　)12. A. you B. they C. it D. he
3.人称代词作宾语，用在动词或介词后。
例：They move on until at last, David sees some houses below. The children run to meet 　10　. (2020广州中考)　
(　　)10. A. he B. his C. him D. himself
4.反身代词与被指代的人称和数上保持一致，表示“某人自己”。
例：I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by 　15　. (2022广州中考)
(　　)15. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
考向四：代词在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近5年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，代词考查了5次，其中物主代词5年2考、人称代词5年3考。所考查的代词主要是根据句子结构和上下文来确定。
1. 人称代词作宾语，用在动词或介词后。
it　 either 　 be 　because 　what　 else 　 by　 invent 　clean 　 popular 　 habit 　 hundred
例：There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put 41 in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. (2023广东中考)
2. 形容词性物主代词作定语，用在名词前或固定搭配中。
例：Although it was only a little money, she help 12 kids with it! She felt very excited when she saw smiles on 74 faces. (2020广东中考)
3. 反身代词作宾语，用在动词或介词后，或在固定搭配中。
例：Even today when Will thinks that he won't be able to do something, he will look back to this experience and keep telling 80 , “one brick at a time”. (广东中考)
考向五：介词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近3年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，介词考查了3次，主要是根据句子结构和上下文来确定答案。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了6次介词(每年必考1道)，其中3次对介词的考查是根据固定搭配来确定答案的，3次是根据上下文推断来确定答案的。
例：They had a taste of what it was like to travel 34 space. (2023广东中考)
(　　)34. A. on　　　B. in　　　　C. for
考向六：介词在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近5年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，介词考查了4次，其中2次考查介词的固定搭配，2次是根据句子结构和上下文来确定答案。
1. 固定搭配法。
例：Jane took part in a winter camp 67 the age of eight. During her stay in the camp, she went to visit some kids in poor areas. (2020广东中考)
例：Mama Bird brought them together and taught them to fly. 　13　 everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying! (2023广州中考)
(　　)13. A. In B. To C. For D. At
2. 在句中作后置定语或状语，需根据上下文推敲意思。
例：He is William, an American who has lived in China 67 33 years. (2021广东中考)
例：However, 　5　 a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me to bring it into the kitchen. (2022广州中考)
(　　)5. A. before B. for C. after D. during
　
一．语法选择短篇练 （代词专练）
The cat Tom and the mouse Jerry are of the most popular cartoon characters in the world. In the short cartoons, Tom is always trying to catch Jerry, but 1. ______ never succeeds. Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at 2. ______. The stories are full of fun.
William Hanna and Joseph Barbera both worked for MGM in the late 1930s. 3. ______ boss told them to make funny cartoons. Together they thought of an idea of a cat and a mouse.
The first Tom and Jerry cartoon was shown in cinemas in 1940s. People loved 4. ______ very much. Over the next 17 years, they made many Tom and Jerry cartoons. Now people all over the world often enjoy 5. ___________ when watching the cartoons. The cartoons are interesting.
( )1. A. he B. him C. his
( )2. A. his B. him C. himself
( )3. A. They B. Their C. Theirs
( )4. A. it B. its C. itself
( )5. A. them B. their C. themselves
二．语法选择短篇练 （冠词专练）
Last year I joined a program to prepare for my higher education.I was busy and tired.Luckily,we had 1. talent show to help us get relaxed.
At first,no one wanted to attend the show.This made our teacher sad.He said,“If no one wants to take part in it,we will cancel 2. talent show.”Our monitor(班长)stood up and said,“We don't have much time to relax ourselves.We should take 3. active part in this activity."So many students started to prepare for the show.My classmate Evian and I chose to play
4. guitar.We had only one week to practice.We practiced hard every day because we all hoped to achieve 5. good result in the show.
Finally,the show was successful.We realized that we can enjoy the life after the busy study.
( )1.A .a B .an C .the
( )2.A ./ B .the C .a
( )3.A .a B .an C .the
( )4.A .a B .an C .the
( )5.A .the B .a C .an
三．选词填空（代词专练）
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
we another she he this all everyone anybody
My family like to get together.1. has his or her work to do on weekdays,so we always
have a good time together on weekends.
My aunts and uncles used to live in 2. city.We often drove to visit them at weekends.
Then they moved to our city and we were very happy.
Sometimes,we celebrate a special day.For example,3. evening we will celebrate my
grandfather's birthday.We are all working to prepare for 4. birthday party now.
My sister is cleaning the house with me.My mother and aunts are cooking the meal for tonight.We have already prepared candles.We 5. wonder what my grandfather wishes for.
When the weather is warm,we prepare some food to have a picnic.Travelling outdoors allows us to get close to nature We laugh,talk and play games.We can enjoy 6. .And I hope we can
spend more time together.
1.________ 2._________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________
四．短文填空（介词专练）
A father received a special birthday gift on his birthday. Chris and Mike both lived 1.________ America. They were sad that they could not stay 2. ________ their father. So they decided to ask for help from others to celebrate their father’s birthday 3. ________ last.
Last week, their father Christopher Ferry received a text message 4. ________ a stranger.
“5. ________ Thursday morning, I got a message that said ‘Happy Birthday’,” and I said, “‘Who is this ’” Ferry told reporters. “He said that he was Nick. But I don't know who Nick is. So I asked him how he knew my birthday. He said he read it on a billboard(告示牌) written 6. ________ hand.” It was Mike and Chris who had taken out a billboard reading “Wish My Father a Happy Birthday! Love, Your Sons”. The billboard also showed Ferry’s phone number. They had prepared it 7. ________ one week.
At first, Chris and Mike only expected their father to receive birthday wishes from his friends and family members. But surprisingly, a lot of strange people sent messages 8. ________ their father, too. Nick was
9. ________ them.
“We're very excited to see our dad's smile 10. ________ receiving all those warm messages,” said the brothers.
1.____　2.______　3.______4._______5.______
6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.________ 10.______

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