资源简介

沈阳市第120中学2022-2023学年度下学期
高二年级期末质量监测
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Stay safe with Sonder
As a foreign student arriving in Australia, you may feel both excited and anxious. The prospect of arriving in a new country where you may have no friends or family nearby can be discouraging, particularly the thought of what you would do if you were involved in an accident or fell seriously ill.
Sonder Australia aims to lessen that worry by providing an Australia-wide, multilingual rapid response network, available on-demand 24/7 via a mobile app. The Sonder app has following unique features. When required, Sonder can also work with Murdoch to provide further wellbeing support.
24/7 help In urgent situations, the Help button automatically sends an alert to the Sonder Support Centre. Sonder immediately geo-locates you, establishing your exact location. You’ll get immediate support and, if required, a Liaison Officer will be sent to you for in-person assistance. Check on me If you’re meeting someone new or going to an unfamiliar destination, you can set a time for us to contact you regularly to make sure you’re OK. You can set a “Check On Me” duration from 30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo-location technology to monitor you.
Safety alerts 24/7 Sonder Support, Centre monitors minor and major events which could impact your safety. If we detect an incident occurring nearby your location, we’ll give you details and ask you to report as “safe” or “not safe”. If you report as “not safe”, we’ll take immediate action to ensure you get help. Track my journey The “Track My Journey” app feature helps you reach your destination while we track your progress, to ensure your safety at all times. This is particularly useful when travelling alone, late at night, or in an unfamiliar environment.
21. Who may be the text targeted at in Australia
A. Taxi drivers. B. New settlers. C. International students. D. Travelers from abroad.
22. Which part of the app functions at a set time
A. 24/7 help. B. Check on me. C. Safety alerts. D. Track my journey.
23. What technology is used in all the four features
A. Facial recognition. B. Voice interaction.
C. Geographical positioning. D. Cross-platform communication.
B
Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”
Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.
But one night, when he and Parker threw a 1960s — themed Christmas party, a solution appeared. Guests noticed the hundreds of letters they’d yet to act upon and asked about them. Glaub told them the story and his guests were intrigued. “A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’” And so was born Miracle on 22nd Street.
To spread the word, they started a website, , and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.
Last year, Glaub and Miracle on 22nd Street helped more than 800 families. Glaub no longer wonders why the letters come to the apartment. Putting in the long hours to help the families is what it’s all about for him. “It’s part of Christmas for me,” he says, “It wouldn’t be Christmas without it.”
24. What did the tenant think of receiving the letters in the apartment
A. Odd. B. Exciting. C. Frightening D. Disturbing.
25. What can be implied about the couple in paragraph 2
A. They got really bothered. B. They had tried their best.
C. They overcame the challenge. D. They were content with their new life.
26. What does the underlined word “intrigued” mean in paragraph 3
A. Puzzled. B. Relieved. C. Interested. D. Surprised.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. How a volunteer organization is formed.
B. How Miracle on 22nd Street is operated.
C. How a kind couple deal with letters to Santa.
D. How donors purchase gifts for families in need.
C
You’ve ordered a new pair of shoes online. They arrive; you rush to the front door and carry the box as you open it. You untie the laces, guide them toward your feet and they don’t fit.
So, back in the box they go and an hour later you drop them at the local collections store. It’s disappointing. The shoes have never been worn and they’ll be making their way to a new home soon. Right Wrong.
What does happen to our goods when we order online and then return them The reality is that much of it simply ends up in landfill (垃圾场). Each year, 5 billion pounds of waste is generated through returns in the world. In the US alone, customers return approximately 3.5 billion products, of which only 20% are actually faulty according to Optoro, a company which specializes in tackling the returns.
It turns out that returns create a real headache for companies. Many companies simply don’t have the technology to handle these faults in returned goods, so it is often most profitable for them to sell them cheaply to discounters via a web of shipping, driving and flying them around the globe, or to simply truck them to the dump.
Optoro’s software helps retailers (零售商) and manufacturers resell unsold goods more easily. They offer a number of options for retailers, including a website to resell their goods, called Blinq, as well as helping with re-routing goods to donation, store shelves, Amazon or eBay. They estimate their work helps reduce landfill waste by 70%.
Ann Starodaj, Senior Director of Sustainability at Optoro, says that while consumer habits might still be harmful, creating a profitable and environmentally friendly fashion model from start to finish is the way forward. “I don’t think people are going to stop buying stuff, but creating a business model where you’re making it easier for them to make sustainable choices is very important.”
28. What are the statistics in Paragraph 3 about
A. Waste disposal. B. Goods delivery.
C. Clothing fashion. D. Waste returns.
29. Why do returns become a real headache for companies
A. Very little profit can be made. B. Related technology is not available.
C. Goods are damaged on purpose. D. No places can be found to bury them.
30. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. A difficult task. B. A marketing plan.
C. A practical solution. D. A producing process.
31. What does Ann Starodaj want to convey
A. Returns are easy to deal with.
B. People should stop buying goods online.
C. Consumer habits bring about harmful results.
D. It is vital to create a sustainable business model.
D
A new kind of solar panel, developed at the University of Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step in natural photosynthesis(光合作用). The outdoor version of the experiment, with less reliable sunlight and temperature, achieved 6.1% efficiency at turning the energy from the sun into hydrogen fuel. However, indoors, the system achieved 9% efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen. This is enabled by reducing the size of the semiconductor(半导体), typically the most expensive part of the device. The team’s self-healing semiconductor withstands concentrated light equivalent to 160 suns.
“We believe that artificial photosynthesis devices will be much more efficient than natural photosynthesis, which will provide a path toward carbon neutrality,” said Zetian Mi, U-M professor of electrical and computer engineering who led the study reported in Nature.
The new technology has two advances. The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the semiconductor that traps the light. “We reduced the size of the semiconductor by more than 100 times compared to some semiconductors only working at low light intensity,” said Peng Zhou, U-M research fellow in electrical and computer engineering and first author of the study. “Hydrogen produced by our technology could be very cheap.”
And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum(光谱) to break down water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. The magic is enabled by a semiconductor catalyst(催化剂) that improves itself with use, resisting the degradation(降解) that such catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight to drive chemical reactions.
The next challenges the team intends to tackle are to further improve the efficiency and to achieve superhigh purity hydrogen that can be directly fed into fuel cells
32. What leads to the lower cost of sustainable hydrogen
A. Solar energy. B. Smaller semiconductors.
C. Natural photosynthesis. D. More concentrated light.
33. What is an advantage of the new technology
A. A catalyst easily available. B. Creative use of the solar spectrum.
C. Outstanding ability to reflect light. D. A semiconductor working at low light intensity.
34. Why are the two advances of the new solar panel mentioned
A. To introduce a greener lifestyle. B. To promote its commercial value.
C. To state its technical breakthrough. D. To advertise the potential application.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. A New Trend in Water Usage B. The Future of Sustainable Hydrogen
C. Solar Energy:More Efficient, Greener D. Cheaper Hydrogen Through Solar Power
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Educate Yourself
Despite fears of automation (自动化) destroying jobs, history shows that new technology often ends up creating new jobs and opportunities. If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things.____36____ But the following process should get you off to a very good start.
Identify What You Want to Learn
The obvious first step is to pick a skill or subject. You probably have a vague idea in mind already, but you are encouraged to make it more specific. Let’s take learning piano as an example. ____37____ To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall soloist You can better track your learning progress by doing so.
Determine How You Learn Best
____38____ Before you dive into specific books or courses, you should do some self-reflection and determine your learning style. However, it’s not as simple as you thought. In reality, you probably learn well in multiple ways, and the best approach will also depend on the topic.
Start With the Right Learning Resources
If you’re totally new to a subject, you are recommended to read some existing learning resources to get started. Focus on resources that make few assumptions and are designed for absolute beginners. This way, you don’t miss fundamentals or develop bad habits. ____39____
Practice Attentively
When you practice attentively, you set a specific intention for your practice period and focus on only that. You’re also honest about your current performance, constantly asking how you can improve. ____40____ You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to playing like Pat Metheney, a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.
A. Do you like playing the piano
B. What exactly do you want to learn
C. It takes frequent practice to make perfect.
D. Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough.
E. It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education.
F. You can start finding resources once a learning goal is set.
G. And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style.
第三部分 语言应用（共两节, 满分 30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The schools in Massachusetts were thought as the best in the country. And an Olympic size swimming pool was the ___41___. But it wasn’t for me.
I was quite ___42___ in regular classes and sat in the back so I’d not be ___43___ to read. Each Monday I would work my way to the back of the ___44___ forming at the diving board so I would not have to practice the dives.
My blood ran cold when the teacher ___45___ we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive --- the jackknife. I trembled as the line to the diving board ___46___. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the dive ___47___. They just jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for ___48___, folded her body in half, and finally ___49___ out like an arrow for entry into the water.
I think I was actually in a state of ___50___, because all of a sudden I saw these four steps as___51___. Then it was my turn. With my heart ___52___, I barely finished as I had ___53___ in my mind. Though I received an average grade that day, I was ___54___ with it. It was awesome to think that I just learned my first dive; ___55___, I believed whatever I met in the future, I would give a try first.
41. A. biggest B. focus C. proof D. best
42. A. shy B. autonomous C. consistent D. dull
43. A. called in B. called upon C. pulled up D. pulled apart
44. A. seat B. room C. pool D. line
45. A. claimed B. instructed C. suggested D. announced
46. A. lengthened B. shortened C. formed D. disappeared
47. A. effortlessly B. undoubtedly C. hopelessly D. unbelievably
48. A. grades B. dive C. height D. action
49. A. jumped B. stuck C. reached D. straightened
50. A. hesitation B. shock C. satisfaction D. confusion
51. A. acceptable B. reasonable C. doable D. breathable
52. A. pounding B. torn C. broken D. sinking
53. A. pictured B. judged C. expected D. mentioned
54. A. patient B. strict C. pleased D. connected
55. A. however B. instead C. overall D. meanwhile
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Aside from teacups and rice bowls, China doesn’t do anything on a small scale. Sure enough, their recently-completed solar power array in Ningxia is huge.
The Ningxia array is the first of several giant renewable energy projects planned for ____56____ (construct) in the dry western areas like the Gobi, Tengger, and Taklamakan deserts.
China Energy Investment Corp says it is the first solar farm in the country____57____ (include) an ultra high voltage power transmission channel that will bring the electricity ____58____ (generate) there to Hunan Province. This is because Hunan has ____59____ population of 66 million people, compared to Ningxia’s 7 million.
____60____ the most recent Five Year Plan, the Chinese government ____61____ (outline) their intention to install 100 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2026. Installed capacity of renewable energy in China continued to expand in the first quarter,____62____ (reach) 47.4 million kW.
Like most rural Chinese provinces, Ningxia, along with Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia — the provinces ____63____ the three deserts mentioned above lie, rely ____64____ (heavy) on coal for electricity.____65____ is hoped that the major installations of solar and wind will accelerate development in these mostly-agricultural economies.
第四部分 写作（满分 40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友John来信说，他在自学英语时，发现汉字的读音很难掌握。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.表示理解
2.提出建议
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分 25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Keeping up seemed so important when I was a teenager. Back in 1973, if you weren’t wearing Penn Loafers (乐福鞋) you’d just as soon go around in your bare feet. There was only one problem that year, I had bought Oxfords—but Penny Loafers were in.
“I need some money for Penny Loafers.” I told my dad one afternoon at the place where he worked as a car mechanic.
Dad looked at me for a full minute before he answered, “Wear those shoes one more day. Look at every pair of shoes you see at school. If you can tell me that you are worse off than the other kids, I’ll buy new shoes for you.”
The next day, I did what Dad said. I saw many schoolmates wore torn shoes of the likes I’d never had to wear, and shoes with holes in them, but I had no intention of telling him the results.
When school was out, I rushed to the place where Dad worked. It was quiet. Only an occasional clank (叮当声) of metal could be heard as Dad worked under a car. Then dad’s shoes came into my sight. They were old and black, the kind mechanics and service-station attendants wore. I saw the mended soles (鞋底) and the spliced laces (拼接的鞋带) .
“You do what I told you today ”
“Yes, sir.”
“Well, what do you want to do ” He looked as though he might know what my answer would be.
“I still want the Penny Loafers.” I forced myself not to look at his shoes.
Dad handed me ten dollars I took the money and went to the store two blocks down the street. A rack (货架) on a far wall appeared as if it had a million pairs of black Penny Loafers resting on it. On a rack next to it was a sign that reads “CLEARANCE 50% OFF”.Below the sign sat several “young” versions ofDad’s shoes.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mind was playing Pingpong
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I ran back to the shop and put Dad’s new shoes on the seat in his car.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________沈阳市第120中学2022-2023学年度下学期
高二年级期末质量监测
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Stay safe with Sonder
As a foreign student arriving in Australia, you may feel both excited and anxious. The prospect of arriving in a new country where you may have no friends or family nearby can be discouraging, particularly the thought of what you would do if you were involved in an accident or fell seriously ill.
Sonder Australia aims to lessen that worry by providing an Australia-wide multilingual rapid response network, available on-demand 24/7 via a mobile app. The Sonder app has following unique features. When required, Sonder can also work with Murdoch to provide further wellbeing support.
24/7 help In urgent situations, the Help button automatically sends an alert to the Sonder Support Centre. Sonder immediately geo-locates you, establishing your exact location. You’ll get immediate support and, if required, a Liaison Officer will be sent to you for in-person assistance. Check on me If you’re meeting someone new or going to an unfamiliar destination, you can set a time for us to contact you regularly to make sure you’re OK. You can set a “Check On Me” duration from 30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo-location technology to monitor you.
Safety alerts 24/7 Sonder Support, Centre monitors minor and major events which could impact your safety. If we detect an incident occurring nearby your location, we’ll give you details and ask you to report as “safe” or “not safe”. If you report as “not safe”, we’ll take immediate action to ensure you get help. Track my journey The “Track My Journey” app feature helps you reach your destination while we track your progress, to ensure your safety at all times. This is particularly useful when travelling alone, late at night, or in an unfamiliar environment.
21. Who may be the text targeted at in Australia
A. Taxi drivers. B. New settlers. C. International students. D. Travelers from abroad.
22. Which part of the app functions at a set time
A. 24/7 help. B. Check on me. C. Safety alerts. D. Track my journey.
23. What technology is used in all the four features
A. Facial recognition. B. Voice interaction.
C. Geographical positioning. D. Cross-platform communication.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了刚到澳大利亚的留学生遇到问题的可以帮助解决的应用程序Sonder Australia。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“As a foreign student arriving in Australia, you may feel both excited and anxious. (作为一名刚到澳大利亚的留学生，你可能既兴奋又焦虑。)”可推断，这篇文章可能是针对国际学生的。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Check on me中的“If you’re meeting someone new or going to an unfamiliar destination, you can set a time for us to contact you regularly to make sure you’re OK. You can set a “Check On Me” duration from 30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo-location technology to monitor you. (如果你要认识新朋友或去一个不熟悉的目的地，你可以设定一个时间让我们定期联系你，以确保你没事。你可以设置“Check On Me”的持续时间从30分钟到8小时以上，Sonder将使用地理定位技术来监控你。)”可知，应用程序Check On Me在设定的时间发挥作用。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据24/7 help中的“Sonder immediately geo-locates you, establishing your exact location. (Sonder会立即对你进行地理定位，确定你的确切位置。)”、Check on me中的“You can set a “Check On Me” duration from30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo-location technology to monitor you. (你可以设置“Check On Me”的持续时间从30分钟到8小时以上，Sonder将使用地理定位技术来监控你。)”、Safety alerts中的“If we detect an incident occurring nearby your location, we’ll give you details and ask you to report as “safe” or “not safe”. (如果我们检测到您所在位置附近发生事故，我们会提供详细信息，并要求您报告“安全”或“不安全”。)”和Track my journey中的“The “Track My Journey” app feature helps you reach your destination while we track your progress, to ensure your safety at all times. (“Track My Journey”应用程序功能可以帮助您到达目的地，同时我们跟踪您的进度，以确保您的安全。)”可知，这四个特性都使用了技术地理定位。故选C。
B
Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”
Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.
But one night, when he and Parker threw a 1960s — themed Christmas party, a solution appeared. Guests noticed the hundreds of letters they’d yet to act upon and asked about them. Glaub told them the story and his guests were intrigued. “A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’” And so was born Miracle on 22nd Street.
To spread the word, they started a website, , and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.
Last year, Glaub and Miracle on 22nd Street helped more than 800 families. Glaub no longer wonders why the letters come to the apartment. Putting in the long hours to help the families is what it’s all about for him. “It’s part of Christmas for me,” he says, “It wouldn’t be Christmas without it.”
24. What did the tenant think of receiving the letters in the apartment
A. Odd. B. Exciting. C. Frightening D. Disturbing.
25. What can be implied about the couple in paragraph 2
A. They got really bothered. B. They had tried their best.
C. They overcame the challenge. D. They were content with their new life.
26. What does the underlined word “intrigued” mean in paragraph 3
A. Puzzled. B. Relieved. C. Interested. D. Surprised.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. How a volunteer organization is formed.
B. How Miracle on 22nd Street is operated.
C How a kind couple deal with letters to Santa.
D. How donors purchase gifts for families in need.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”(Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker刚拿到他们在曼哈顿第22街的新公寓的钥匙，那个即将离开的房客说了些奇怪的话：“告诉你们一声，有个地方，给圣诞老人的信会寄到公寓里。之前的房客也收到了邮件。它已经来了很多年，没有人知道为什么。”)”可推知，房客对在公寓里收到这些信感到奇怪。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。Glaub当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了)”可推知，这对夫妇已经尽力了。故选B。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’(很多人说，‘我要一封信。我会满足它的。’)”可推知，他的客人们都很感兴趣。由此可知，划线词intrigued的意思是“感兴趣的”，和interested意思相近。故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(Glaub和Parker在新家安顿下来，在头两年里，只有几封来自孩子或父母的来信，要求“圣诞老人”送他们买不起的礼物。在2010年圣诞节前的几个月里，他们的邮箱里每天都塞满了写给圣诞老人的信。他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。格劳布当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了)”和倒数第二段的“To spread the word, they started a website, , and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.(为了传播这个消息，他们建立了一个网站，和一个Facebook页面。他们与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，邀请全国各地的家庭上网为他们的孩子索要礼物。同样，捐赠者，也被称为“精灵”，可以注册为孩子或家庭购买礼物，并在他们的名字前附上精灵的签名便条，如精灵Jim或精灵Jody)”可知，本文主要讲的是Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物，即一对善良的夫妇是如何处理给圣诞老人的信的。故选C。
C
You’ve ordered a new pair of shoes online. They arrive; you rush to the front door and carry the box as you open it. You untie the laces, guide them toward your feet and they don’t fit.
So, back in the box they go and an hour later you drop them at the local collections store. It’s disappointing. The shoes have never been worn and they’ll be making their way to a new home soon. Right Wrong.
What does happen to our goods when we order online and then return them The reality is that much of it simply ends up in landfill (垃圾场). Each year, 5 billion pounds of waste is generated through returns in the world. In the US alone, customers return approximately 3.5 billion products, of which only 20% are actually faulty according to Optoro, a company which specializes in tackling the returns.
It turns out that returns create a real headache for companies. Many companies simply don’t have the technology to handle these faults in returned goods, so it is often most profitable for them to sell them cheaply to discounters via a web of shipping, driving and flying them around the globe, or to simply truck them to the dump.
Optoro’s software helps retailers (零售商) and manufacturers resell unsold goods more easily. They offer a number of options for retailers, including a website to resell their goods, called Blinq, as well as helping with re-routing goods to donation, store shelves, Amazon or eBay. They estimate their work helps reduce landfill waste by 70%.
Ann Starodaj, Senior Director of Sustainability at Optoro, says that while consumer habits might still be harmful, creating a profitable and environmentally friendly fashion model from start to finish is the way forward. “I don’t think people are going to stop buying stuff, but creating a business model where you’re making it easier for them to make sustainable choices is very important.”
28. What are the statistics in Paragraph 3 about
A. Waste disposal. B. Goods delivery.
C. Clothing fashion. D. Waste returns.
29. Why do returns become a real headache for companies
A. Very little profit can be made. B. Related technology is not available.
C. Goods are damaged on purpose. D. No places can be found to bury them.
30. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. A difficult task. B. A marketing plan.
C. A practical solution. D. A producing process.
31. What does Ann Starodaj want to convey
A. Returns are easy to deal with.
B. People should stop buying goods online.
C. Consumer habits bring about harmful results.
D. It is vital to create a sustainable business model.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。每年都有大量网购退货造成的垃圾，由此带来的问题非常棘手，对此人们提出了许多建议和可行方案。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Each year, 5 billion pounds of waste is generated through returns in the world. In the US alone, customers return approximately 3.5 billion products, of which only 20% are actually faulty according to Optoro, a company which specializes in tackling the returns.(每年，全世界有50亿磅的垃圾是退货产生的。据专门处理退货问题的Optoro公司称，仅在美国，客户就退货了大约35亿件产品，其中只有20%是有问题的。)”可知，第3段的统计数字是来说明退货产生大量垃圾的。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中“Many companies simply don’t have the technology to handle these faults in returned goods,, so it is often most profitable for them to sell them cheaply to discounters via a web of shipping, driving and flying them around the globe, or to simply truck them to the dump.(许多公司根本没有技术来处理退货中的这些错误的技术，因此，对他们来说，最有利可图的方式往往是通过全球运输、驾驶和空运网络，将它们廉价卖给折扣店，或者干脆用卡车把它们运到垃圾场。)”可知，由于相关技术的缺乏，退货成为公司真正头疼的问题。故选B。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“Optoro’s software helps retailers (零售商) and manufacturers resell unsold goods more easily.They offer a number of options for retailers, including a website to resell their goods, called Blinq, as well as helping with re-routing goods to donation, store shelves, Amazon or eBay. They estimate their work helps reduce landfill waste by 70%.(Optoro的软件可以帮助零售商和制造商更容易地转售未售出的商品。他们为零售商提供了多种选择，包括一个名为Blinq的转售商品的网站，以及帮助将商品重新安排到捐赠、商店货架、亚马逊或eBay上。他们估计他们的工作有助于减少70%的垃圾填埋。)”可知，第五段主要是讲一个实用的解决退货的办法——Optoro软件。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的“Ann Starodaj, Senior Director of Sustainability at Optoro, says that while consumer habits might still be harmful, creating a profitable and environmentally friendly fashion model from start to finish is the way forward(Optoro的可持续发展高级总监Ann Starodaj说虽然消费者的习惯可能仍然有害，但从头到尾创造一种有利可图且环保的时尚模式是前进的方向)”和第二句中的“creating a business model where you’re making it easier for them to make sustainable choices is very important(创造一种商业模式，让他们更容易做出可持续的选择是非常重要的)”可知，Ann Starodaj想要传达的是创建一个可持续的有利可图且环保的商业模式是至关重要的。故选D。
D
A new kind of solar panel, developed at the University of Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step in natural photosynthesis(光合作用). The outdoor version of the experiment, with less reliable sunlight and temperature, achieved 6.1% efficiency at turning the energy from the sun into hydrogen fuel. However, indoors, the system achieved 9% efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen. This is enabled by reducing the size of the semiconductor(半导体), typically the most expensive part of the device. The team’s self-healing semiconductor withstands concentrated light equivalent to 160 suns.
“We believe that artificial photosynthesis devices will be much more efficient than natural photosynthesis, which will provide a path toward carbon neutrality,” said Zetian Mi, U-M professor of electrical and computer engineering who led the study reported in Nature.
The new technology has two advances. The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the semiconductor that traps the light. “We reduced the size of the semiconductor by more than 100 times compared to some semiconductors only working at low light intensity,” said Peng Zhou, U-M research fellow in electrical and computer engineering and first author of the study. “Hydrogen produced by our technology could be very cheap.”
And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum(光谱) to break down water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. The magic is enabled by a semiconductor catalyst(催化剂) that improves itself with use, resisting the degradation(降解) that such catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight to drive chemical reactions.
The next challenges the team intends to tackle are to further improve the efficiency and to achieve superhigh purity hydrogen that can be directly fed into fuel cells.
32. What leads to the lower cost of sustainable hydrogen
A. Solar energy. B. Smaller semiconductors.
C. Natural photosynthesis. D. More concentrated light.
33. What is an advantage of the new technology
A. A catalyst easily available. B. Creative use of the solar spectrum.
C. Outstanding ability to reflect light. D. A semiconductor working at low light intensity.
34. Why are the two advances of the new solar panel mentioned
A. To introduce a greener lifestyle. B. To promote its commercial value.
C. To state its technical breakthrough. D. To advertise the potential application.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. A New Trend in Water Usage B. The Future of Sustainable Hydrogen
C. Solar Energy:More Efficient, Greener D. Cheaper Hydrogen Through Solar Power
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。密歇根大学通过模仿自然的光合作用，开发了一种新型太阳能电池板，它能高效地将水转化为氢。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen. This is enabled by reducing the size of the semiconductor, typically the most expensive part of the device. (但最大的好处是降低了可持续氢的成本。这是通过减小半导体的尺寸实现的，半导体通常是设备中最昂贵的部分。)”可知，导致持续氢的低成本的原因是半导体的尺寸更小了。故选B项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“The new technology has two advances. (这项新技术有两个进步。 )”和第五段第一句“And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum(光谱) to break down water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction.(第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。)”可知，这项新技术（新的太阳能电池板）的一个优势是创造性利用太阳光谱。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the semiconductor that traps the light. (首先是在不破坏捕获光的半导体的情况下集中太阳光的能力。)”和第五段第一句“And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum to break down water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. (第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。)”可知，文章提到新型太阳能电池板的两项进步是为了陈述其技术突破。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“A new kind of solar panel, developed at the University of Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step in natural photosynthesis.( 密歇根大学开发的一种新型太阳能电池板已经实现了高效地将水转化为氢和氧——模仿了自然光合作用的一个关键步骤(光合作用)。)”和第四段最后一句““Hydrogen produced by our technology could be very cheap.”(“用我们的技术生产氢气可能会非常便宜。”)”可知，本文主要讲了利用太阳能将水转化为氢和氧（本文重点强调了氢），且利用这个技术生产的氢非常便宜。D项“Cheaper Hydrogen Through Solar Power(通过太阳能发电更便宜的氢)”作为标题，可以概括本文主旨。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Educate Yourself
Despite fears of automation (自动化) destroying jobs, history shows that new technology often ends up creating new jobs and opportunities. If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things.____36____ But the following process should get you off to a very good start.
Identify What You Want to Learn
The obvious first step is to pick a skill or subject. You probably have a vague idea in mind already, but you are encouraged to make it more specific. Let’s take learning piano as an example. ____37____ To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall soloist You can better track your learning progress by doing so.
Determine How You Learn Best
____38____ Before you dive into specific books or courses, you should do some self-reflection and determine your learning style. However, it’s not as simple as you thought. In reality, you probably learn well in multiple ways, and the best approach will also depend on the topic.
Start With the Right Learning Resources
If you’re totally new to a subject, you are recommended to read some existing learning resources to get started. Focus on resources that make few assumptions and are designed for absolute beginners. This way, you don’t miss fundamentals or develop bad habits. ____39____
Practice Attentively
When you practice attentively, you set a specific intention for your practice period and focus on only that. You’re also honest about your current performance, constantly asking how you can improve. ____40____ You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to playing like Pat Metheney, a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.
A. Do you like playing the piano
B. What exactly do you want to learn
C. It takes frequent practice to make perfect.
D. Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough.
E. It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education.
F. You can start finding resources once a learning goal is set.
G. And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. F 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何自学一个新技能。
【36题详解】
根据上文“If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things.(如果你想利用这些新工作，你需要能够自学新东西。)”和下文“But the following process should get you off to a very good start.(但是下面的过程会让你有一个很好的开始。)”可知，空处表示“自学学习新东西是困难的”。E项“It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education.(很难给出自我教育的确切步骤。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Identify What You Want to Learn(确定你想学什么)”可知本段主题是确定自己具体想学习的内容。根据后文三个问题“To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall soloist (弹奏几首你最喜欢的歌 和你的朋友在乐队里演奏 成为卡内基音乐厅的下一位独奏家 )”可知，你要明确你具体要学习的是什么。B项“What exactly do you want to learn ( 你到底想学什么 )”符合语境，引出后文问题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Before you dive into specific books or courses, you should do some self-reflection and determine your learning style.(在你深入学习特定的书籍或课程之前，你应该做一些自我反省，确定你的学习风格。)”可知，在学习之前，要知道自己的学习风格。可知，空处表示“学习特定的书籍或课程，即学习资源”。F项“You can start finding resources once a learning goal is set.(一旦设定了学习目标，你就可以开始寻找资源了。)”强调寻找学习资源，F项中“resources”与后文specific books or courses一致，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Start With the Right Learning Resources(从正确的学习资源开始)”可知，本段主题强调正确的学习资源。前文“Focus on resources that make few assumptions and are designed for absolute beginners. This way, you don’t miss fundamentals or develop bad habits.(关注那些假设较少、专为绝对初学者设计的资源。这样，你就不会错过基本原则或养成坏习惯。)”说明了应该如何选择学习资源。G项“And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style.(选择最适合你的学习资源。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。
【40题详解】
根据后文“ You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to playing like Pat Metheney, a great guitarist.(你可以心不在焉地弹吉他一万个小时，但仍然无法像伟大的吉他手帕特·梅塞尼那样演奏。)”可知，练习时只关注时长是不够的。D鲜花“Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough.(投入时间是必要的，但还不够。)”，符合语境，也呼应了标题“Practice Attentively(用心实践)”，即用心练习的重要性。故选D项。
第三部分 语言应用（共两节, 满分 30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The schools in Massachusetts were thought as the best in the country. And an Olympic size swimming pool was the ___41___. But it wasn’t for me.
I was quite ___42___ in regular classes and sat in the back so I’d not be ___43___ to read. Each Monday I would work my way to the back of the ___44___ forming at the diving board so I would not have to practice the dives.
My blood ran cold when the teacher ___45___ we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive --- the jackknife. I trembled as the line to the diving board ___46___. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the dive ___47___. They just jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for ___48___, folded her body in half, and finally ___49___ out like an arrow for entry into the water.
I think I was actually in a state of ___50___, because all of a sudden I saw these four steps as___51___. Then it was my turn. With my heart ___52___, I barely finished as I had ___53___ in my mind. Though I received an average grade that day, I was ___54___ with it. It was awesome to think that I just learned my first dive; ___55___, I believed whatever I met in the future, I would give a try first.
41. A. biggest B. focus C. proof D. best
42. A. shy B. autonomous C. consistent D. dull
43. A. called in B. called upon C. pulled up D. pulled apart
44. A. seat B. room C. pool D. line
45. A. claimed B. instructed C. suggested D. announced
46. A. lengthened B. shortened C. formed D. disappeared
47. A. effortlessly B. undoubtedly C. hopelessly D. unbelievably
48. A. grades B. dive C. height D. action
49. A. jumped B. stuck C. reached D. straightened
50. A. hesitation B. shock C. satisfaction D. confusion
51. A. acceptable B. reasonable C. doable D. breathable
52. A. pounding B. torn C. broken D. sinking
53. A. pictured B. judged C. expected D. mentioned
54. A. patient B. strict C. pleased D. connected
55. A. however B. instead C. overall D. meanwhile
【答案】41 C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了害羞的作者第一次尝试跳水的经历。
【41题详解】
考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：奥林匹克规模的游泳池就是证明。A. biggest最大的；B. focus重点；C. proof证据；D. best最好的。根据上文“The schools in Massachusetts were thought as the best in the country.(马萨诸塞州的学校被认为是全国最好的)”可知，奥林匹克规模的游泳池证明了上文的说法。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在普通的课堂上，我很害羞，坐在后面，这样我就不会被要求阅读。A. shy害羞的；B. autonomous自治的；C. consistent持续的；D. dull枯燥的。根据后文“sat in the back”可知，作者害羞，所以坐在后面。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在普通的课堂上，我很害羞，坐在后面，这样我就不会被要求阅读。A. called in电话联系；B. called upon呼吁，要求；C. pulled up上拉；D. pulled apart拆散。根据后文“to read”可知，作者很害羞，坐在后面，这样就不会被要求阅读。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个星期一，我都会挤到跳板前排队的队伍后面，这样我就不用练习跳水了。A. seat座位；B. room房间；C. pool池塘；D. line队伍。根据后文“forming at the diving board”指跳板前排队的队伍。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布要给我们的最高难度跳水——屈体跳水的期末成绩打分时，我的心都凉了。A. claimed声称；B. instructed指示；C. suggested建议；D. announced宣布。根据后文“we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive”指老师宣布考试跳水科目。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当通往跳板的队伍变短时，我浑身发抖。A. lengthened延长；B. shortened缩短；C. formed形成；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“I trembled as the line to the diving board”可知，前面的人都跳水了，所以队伍缩短了，作者很害怕。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的注视下，每个学生似乎都毫不费力地完成了跳水。A. effortlessly轻松地；B. undoubtedly无疑；C. hopelessly绝望地；D. unbelievably难以置信地。结合后文的描述可知，作者看着别的同学都完成得毫不费力。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只是在板的末端跳了一次，为了高度增加了一跳，把她的身体对折，最后像箭一样伸直进入水中。A. grades成绩；B. dive潜水；C. height身高；D. action行动。根据上文“added a jump for”可知，跳跃是为了增加高度，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是在板的末端跳了一次，为了高度增加了一跳，把她的身体对折，最后像箭一样伸直进入水中。A. jumped跳跃；B. stuck刺；C. reached到达；D. straightened拉直。根据后文“out like an arrow”可知，身体像箭一样伸直，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想我当时真的很震惊，因为突然间我觉得这四个步骤是可行的。A. hesitation犹豫；B. shock震惊；C. satisfaction满足；D. confusion困惑。上文提到同学都完成得很轻松，结合后文作者也进行了尝试，可知当时真的很震惊，因为觉得自己也能完成。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想我当时真的很震惊，因为突然间我觉得这四个步骤是可行的。A. acceptable可接受的；B. reasonable合理的；C. doable可行的；D. breathable透气的。结合后文作者进行了跳水尝试，可知作者觉得这四个步骤是可行的。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心怦怦直跳，我几乎没有完成我在脑海中描绘的。A. pounding跳动，捣碎；B. torn撕碎；C. broken打破；D. sinking下沉。根据上文“With my heart”指心跳加速。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心怦怦直跳，我几乎没有完成我在脑海中描绘的。A. pictured想象；B. judged判断；C. expected期待；D. mentioned提及。根据后文“in my mind”指脑海中想象的画面，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然那天我的成绩一般，但我很满意。A. patient耐心的；B. strict严格的；C. pleased取悦；D. connected连接。Though表示转折，说明成绩一般，但作者很满意。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：想到我刚刚学会了我的第一次跳水，真是太棒了；同时，我相信无论我在未来遇到什么，我都会先尝试一下。A. however然而；B. instead相反；C. overall总地；D. meanwhile同时。根据后文“I believed whatever I met in the future, I would give a try first.”可知，作者学会了跳水的同时，相信无论自己在未来遇到什么，都会先尝试一下。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Aside from teacups and rice bowls, China doesn’t do anything on a small scale. Sure enough, their recently-completed solar power array in Ningxia is huge.
The Ningxia array is the first of several giant renewable energy projects planned for ____56____ (construct) in the dry western areas like the Gobi, Tengger, and Taklamakan deserts.
China Energy Investment Corp says it is the first solar farm in the country____57____ (include) an ultra high voltage power transmission channel that will bring the electricity ____58____ (generate) there to Hunan Province. This is because Hunan has ____59____ population of 66 million people, compared to Ningxia’s 7 million.
____60____ the most recent Five Year Plan, the Chinese government ____61____ (outline) their intention to install 100 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2026. Installed capacity of renewable energy in China continued to expand in the first quarter,____62____ (reach) 47.4 million kW.
Like most rural Chinese provinces, Ningxia, along with Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia — the provinces ____63____ the three deserts mentioned above lie, rely ____64____ (heavy) on coal for electricity.____65____ is hoped that the major installations of solar and wind will accelerate development in these mostly-agricultural economies.
【答案】56. construction
57. to include
58. generated
59. a 60. In
61. outlined
62. reaching
63. where 64. heavily
65. It
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在宁夏建成的太阳能电池阵列项目。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：宁夏阵列是计划在戈壁、腾格里和塔克拉玛干沙漠等干旱西部地区建设的几个大型可再生能源项目中的第一个。空处作介词for的宾语，应用名词construction建设，不可数名词，故填construction。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国能源投资有限责任公司说，这是中国第一个拥有超高压输电通道的太阳能发电场，将把那里产生的电力输送到湖南省。solar farm前有序数词修饰，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第一个拥有超高压输电通道的太阳能发电场”，故填to include。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词generate和electricity之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填generated。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是因为湖南有6600万人口，而宁夏只有700万人口。Population表示泛指，应用不定冠词，“a population of+数量”表示“……的人口”，故填a。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：在最近的五年计划中，中国政府概述了到2026年安装100千兆瓦可再生能源的意图。结合句意可知，此处指“在最近的五年计划中”，用介词in，首字母应大写，故填In。
【61题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填outlined。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第一季度，中国可再生能源装机容量继续扩大，达到4740万千瓦。动词reach和capacity之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填reaching。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：像中国大多数农村省份一样，宁夏、新疆和内蒙古——上面提到的三个沙漠所在的省份——严重依赖煤炭发电。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是provinces，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰动词rely，应用副词形式，作状语，故填heavily。
【65题详解】
考查it作形式主语。句意：希望太阳能和风能的主要装置将加速这些以农业为主的经济体的发展。分析句子可知，that引导主语从句，空处应用it作形式主语，首字母应大写，故填It。
第四部分 写作（满分 40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友John来信说，他在自学英语时，发现汉字的读音很难掌握。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.表示理解
2.提出建议
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear John,
Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesn’t matter. After all, it’s difficult for foreigners to grasp it. However, some practical approaches are of great help.
Obviously, it is highly recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionary when you come across a challenging Chinese character. Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with Chinese learners because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.
I know for sure that you will make much progress in learning Chinese pronunciation. It is welcome to write to me when you are in trouble.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友John回信，对学习汉字读音很难掌握表示理解并提出建议。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。
结构：总分法。总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 表示理解；
2. 提出建议。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation; it doesn’t matter; practical approaches; refer to Xinhua Dictionary; some Chinese learning apps; make much progress
第三步：连词成句
1. Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesn’t matter.
2. After all, it’s difficult for foreigners to grasp it.
3. However, some practical approaches are of great help.
4. Obviously, it is highly recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionary when you come across a challenging Chinese character.
5. Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with Chinese learners because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.
6. I know for sure that you will make much progress in learning Chinese pronunciation.
7. It is welcome to write to me when you are in trouble.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last(供参考)
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, (供参考)
3.表转折对比关系：However
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result(供参考)
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesn’t matter.(运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with Chinese learners because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.(运用了with的独立主格结构)
第二节（满分 25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Keeping up seemed so important when I was a teenager. Back in 1973, if you weren’t wearing Penn Loafers (乐福鞋) you’d just as soon go around in your bare feet. There was only one problem that year, I had bought Oxfords—but Penny Loafers were in.
“I need some money for Penny Loafers.” I told my dad one afternoon at the place where he worked as a car mechanic.
Dad looked at me for a full minute before he answered, “Wear those shoes one more day. Look at every pair of shoes you see at school. If you can tell me that you are worse off than the other kids, I’ll buy new shoes for you.”
The next day, I did what Dad said. I saw many schoolmates wore torn shoes of the likes I’d never had to wear, and shoes with holes in them, but I had no intention of telling him the results.
When school was out, I rushed to the place where Dad worked. It was quiet. Only an occasional clank (叮当声) of metal could be heard as Dad worked under a car. Then dad’s shoes came into my sight. They were old and black, the kind mechanics and service-station attendants wore. I saw the mended soles (鞋底) and the spliced laces (拼接的鞋带) .
“You do what I told you today ”
“Yes, sir.”
“Well, what do you want to do ” He looked as though he might know what my answer would be.
“I still want the Penny Loafers.” I forced myself not to look at his shoes.
Dad handed me ten dollars. I took the money and went to the store two blocks down the street. A rack (货架) on a far wall appeared as if it had a million pairs of black Penny Loafers resting on it. On a rack next to it was a sign that reads “CLEARANCE 50% OFF”.Below the sign sat several “young” versions ofDad’s shoes.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mind was playing Pingpong
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I ran back to the shop and put Dad’s new shoes on the seat in his car.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My mind was playing Pingpong. His old and black shoes flashed through my mind. But my gaze again fell on the brand new Penny Loafers. I was fascinated by these gleaming shoes and couldn’t take my eyes off them. I was about to spend all my ten dollars on them when I recollected Dad’s worn-out shoes. The gleam of the loafers started to dull. I took shoes of my dad’s size from the clearance rack and darted to the checkout counter.
I ran back to the shop and put Dad’s new shoes on the seat in his car. The moment we got in the car Dad picked up the box. When he opened it he just stared without saying a word. A mixture of guilt and delight came from the bottom of my heart. He looked first at the shoes and then at me. “I thought you need a new pair of shoes more than I do.” I broke the silence. Dad put his hand on my shoulder and we sat looking at each other for a moment. Nothing else was said. Dad started the car and we went home.
【解析】
【导语】本文以新鞋子为线索展开，讲述了作者想要买一双自己喜欢的新鞋子，向父亲要钱买，父亲答应让他看看其他同学的鞋子，如果他的的鞋子比别人的更差，就给他买新鞋。作者看到，事实是，其他同学的鞋子更差，但是却想隐瞒实情，还是想向父亲要钱买双新鞋子。父亲给了他钱，此时，他看到父亲脚上穿的鞋，是修补过的鞋底和拼接起来的鞋带。当作者走到商店的时候，开始思想斗争，最终他给艰苦工作的父亲买了一双新鞋的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我的心在打乒乓。”可知，第一段可描写作者见到新鞋子时，对新鞋子的喜爱，而后开始思想斗争，最终用爸爸给的钱为爸爸买了双新鞋。
②由第二段首句内容“我跑回商店，把爸爸的新鞋放在他汽车的座位上。”可知，第二段可描写爸爸发现孩子是给自己买的鞋，表现惊讶，以及作者此时的内疚与喜悦的心情。
2.续写线索：被新鞋吸引——想起父亲的鞋——买走——拿起（发现）——惊讶——内疚和喜悦
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.想起：recollect/remember/recall
②.拿起：pick up/take up
情绪类
①.被吸引的：be fascinated/be deeply attracted
②.喜悦：delight/happiness/joy
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The moment we got in the car Dad picked up the box. (由时间名词the moment作连词引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. Dad put his hand on my shoulder and we sat looking at each other for a moment. (非谓语动词现在分词作伴随状语)

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