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人教版选择性必修一教材必背单词清单
Unit 1 Section A单词精析
1. analyse
· 音标：/ n la z/
· 释义：分析，研究，检查，彻底研究，仔细分析
· 词组搭配：analyse data (分析数据), analyse a situation (分析情况)
· 派生词：analysis (n. 分析), analytical (adj. 分析的)
· 例句：Scientists analysed the data to draw conclusions. (科学家们分析数据以得出结论。) She carefully analysed the situation before making a decision. (她在做决定之前仔细分析了情况。)
2. apparently
· 音标：/ p r ntli/
· 释义：显然，似乎，表面上，显而易见地
· 词组搭配：apparently happy (表面上快乐), apparently healthy (表面上健康)
· 派生词：apparent (adj. 显然的)
· 例句：Apparently, she was not interested in the project. (显然，她对这个项目不感兴趣。) He's apparently happy, but I think something is bothering him. (他表面上很开心，但我觉得有什么在困扰他。)
3. physiology
· 音标：/ f zi ɑ l d i/
· 释义：生理学，生理机能
· 词组搭配：human physiology (人体生理学), animal physiology (动物生理学)
· 派生词：physiological (adj. 生理的), physiologist (n. 生理学家)
· 例句：She studied physiology in college. (她在大学里学习了生理学。) Understanding the physiology of plants is crucial for successful gardening. (理解植物的生理机能对于成功的园艺至关重要。)
4. artemisinin
· 音标：/ɑ t m s n n/
· 释义：青蒿素
· 词组搭配：artemisinin·based combination therapy (青蒿素联合疗法)
· 派生词：无
· 例句：Artemisinin is a key component in the treatment of malaria. (青蒿素是治疗疟疾的关键组成部分。) Doctors often prescribe artemisinin·based drugs for malaria patients. (医生经常给疟疾患者开具青蒿素类药物。)
5. substance
· 音标：/ s bst ns/
· 释义：物质，实质，重要性，主旨
· 词组搭配：illegal substance (非法物质), chemical substance (化学物质)
· 派生词：substantial (adj. 大量的，重要的), substantiality (n. 实质性)
· 例句：Water is a vital substance for life. (水是生命所必需的物质。) The report lacked substance and failed to convince the audience. (这份报告缺乏实质性内容，未能说服观众。)
6. crucial
· 音标：/ kru l/
· 释义：至关重要的，决定性的，关键的
· 词组搭配：crucial moment (关键时刻), crucial decision (关键决定)
· 派生词：crucially (adv. 非常重要地), cruciality (n. 关键性)
· 例句：His timely intervention was crucial in preventing a disaster. (他及时的干预对于防止一场灾难至关重要。) This meeting is crucial for the success of the project. (这次会议对于项目的成功至关重要。)
7. insist
· 音标：/ n s st/
· 释义：坚持，坚决认为，强调
· 词组搭配：insist on (坚持要求), insist that (坚持认为)
· 派生词：insistence (n. 坚持), insistent (adj. 坚持的)
· 例句：She insisted on paying for the meal herself. (她坚持自己付餐费。) He insisted that he was innocent despite all the evidence against him. (尽管有的证据都指向他，他还是坚持自己是无辜的。)
8. malaria
· 音标：/m l ri /
· 释义：疟疾
· 词组搭配：malaria outbreak (疟疾暴发), malaria prevention (疟疾预防措施)
· 派生词：malarial (adj. 疟疾的), anti·malarial (adj. 抗疟的)
· 例句：Malaria is a serious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. (疟疾是由蚊子传播的严重疾病。) They distribute mosquito nets to prevent malaria in the region. (他们在该地区分发蚊帐以预防疟疾。)
9. vital
· 音标：/ va tl/
· 释义：至关重要的，生死攸关的，生机的
· 词组搭配：vital organs (重要器官), vital information (重要信息)
· 派生词：vitality (n. 活力，生命力), vitally (adv. 至关重要地)
· 例句：Oxygen is vital for human survival. (氧气对于人类生存至关重要。) Good communication is vital in any relationship. (良好的沟通在任何关系中都至关重要。)
10. scientific
· 音标：/ sa n t f k/
· 释义：科学的，合乎科学的，符合科学方法的
· 词组搭配：scientific research (科学研究), scientific method (科学方法)
· 派生词：scientist (n. 科学家), scientifically (adv. 科学地)
· 例句：The experiment was conducted following strict scientific principles. (实验是按照严格的科学原则进行的。) She presented her findings at a scientific conference. (她在一个科学会议上展示了她的研究成果。)
11. committed
· 音标：/k m t d/
· 释义：承诺的，忠诚的，投入的
· 词组搭配：committed relationship (承诺关系), committed to (致力于)
· 派生词：commitment (n. 承诺，投入), commitment (adj. 承诺的)
· 例句：He is committed to his job and works hard every day. (他对工作承诺很高，每天都努力工作。) They are in a committed relationship and plan to get married soon. (他们有着承诺的关系，计划很快结婚。)
12. mostly
· 音标：/ mo stli/
· 释义：主要地，大多数情况下
· 词组搭配：mostly sunny (大部分时间晴朗), mostly harmless (大多数情况下无害)
· 派生词：无
· 例句：I mostly work from home. (我大部分时间在家工作。) The event was mostly successful, but there were a few minor issues. (这次活动大部分成功，但还是有一些小问题。)
mit
· 音标：/k m t/
· 释义：承诺，投入，犯罪，犯错
· 词组搭配：commit a crime (犯罪), commit to memory (牢记)
· 派生词：commitment (n. 承诺，投入), committed (adj. 承诺的)
· 例句：He committed to finishing the project on time. (他承诺按时完成这个项目。) The suspect was arrested for committing a robbery. (嫌疑人因犯抢劫罪被逮捕。)
14. conclusion
· 音标：/k n klu n/
· 释义：结论，结束，结尾
· 词组搭配：reach a conclusion (得出结论), in conclusion (总之)
· 派生词：conclusive (adj. 决定性的), conclusively (adv. 最终地)
· 例句：After much deliberation, they reached the conclusion that the project was not feasible. (经过长时间的讨论，他们得出结论，认为这个项目不可行。) In conclusion, I would like to thank everyone for their hard work. (总之，我想感谢大家的辛勤工作。)
15. penicillin
· 音标：/ pen s l n/
· 释义：青霉素
· 词组搭配：penicillin allergy (青霉素过敏), penicillin resistance (青霉素耐药性)
· 派生词：penicillium (n. 青霉菌), penicillinase (n. 青霉素酶)
· 例句：Penicillin is commonly used to treat bacterial infections. (青霉素常用于治疗细菌感染。) Some people develop an allergic reaction to penicillin. (有些人对青霉素会产生过敏反应。) Overuse of penicillin has led to the development of antibiotic·resistant strains of bacteria. (过度使用青霉素导致了细菌产生抗生素耐药品系。)
16. circumstance
· 音标：/ s rk mst ns/
· 释义：环境，情况，情形
· 词组搭配：under certain circumstances (在某些情况下), in the circumstances (在这种情况下)
· 派生词：circumstantial (adj. 环境的，情况的), circumstantially (adv. 从环境上看)
· 例句：She made the decision based on the circumstances at the time. (她根据当时的情况做出了决定。) It's difficult to predict the outcome without knowing all the circumstances. (不了解全部情况就很难预测结果。)
17. academy
· 音标：/ k d mi/
· 释义：学院，院校，学会
· 词组搭配：military academy (军校), academy award (奥斯卡奖)
· 派生词：academic (adj. 学术的), academician (n. 院士)
· 例句：He graduated from the police academy last year. (他去年从警校毕业。) She received an award from the academy for her research in biology. (她因生物研究而获得了学院的奖项。)
18. academic
· 音标：/ k d m k/
· 释义：学术的，理论的，学院的
· 词组搭配：academic achievement (学术成就), academic journal (学术期刊)
· 派生词：academically (adv. 学术地), academia (n. 学术界)
· 例句：She has published several papers in academic journals. (她在学术期刊上发表了几篇论文。) The academic community is excited about the new research findings. (学术界对新的研究发现感到兴奋。)
19. objective
· 音标：/ b d ekt v/
· 释义：客观的，目标，宗旨
· 词组搭配：achieve an objective (实现目标), objective assessment (客观评估)
· 派生词：objectivity (n. 客观性), objectively (adv. 客观地)
· 例句：We need to approach the situation from an objective standpoint. (我们需要从客观的角度来看待这个情况。) His main objective is to improve the company's profitability. (他的主要目标是提高公司的盈利能力。)
20. botanical
· 音标：/b t n kl/
· 释义：植物学的，植物的
· 词组搭配：botanical garden (植物园), botanical illustration (植物插图)
· 派生词：botanist (n. 植物学家), botany (n. 植物学)
· 例句：She is studying botanical science at university. (她在大学里学习植物科学。) The botanical garden is home to thousands of plant species. (植物园里生长着成千上万种植物。)让我们继续：
21. evaluate
· 音标：/ v ljue t/
· 释义：评估，评价，估计
· 词组搭配：evaluate performance (评估表现), evaluate the impact (评估影响)
· 派生词：evaluation (n. 评估，评价), evaluator (n. 评估者)
· 例句：We need to evaluate the effectiveness of the new system. (我们需要评估新系统的有效性。) Teachers evaluate students' progress through tests and assignments. (老师通过考试和作业来评估学生的进步。)
22. property
· 音标：/ pr p rti/
· 释义：财产，性质，特性
· 词组搭配：private property (私人财产), intellectual property (知识产权)
· 派生词：proprietary (adj. 者的), proprietor (n. 者)
· 例句：The stolen property was returned to its rightful owner. (被盗的财产被归还给了合法者。) The chemical properties of the substance were studied in detail. (这种物质的化学性质被详细研究了。)
23. distinct
· 音标：/d st kt/
· 释义：清晰的，明显的，独特的
· 词组搭配：distinct advantage (明显优势), distinct memory (清晰记忆)
· 派生词：distinctive (adj. 独特的), distinctly (adv. 明显地)
· 例句：Each species has its own distinct characteristics. (每个物种都有自己独特的特征。) The two ideas are distinct from each other. (这两个想法彼此之间有明显的区别。)
24. extract
· 音标：/ kstr kt/
· 释义：提取，提炼，摘录
· 词组搭配：extract juice (榨取果汁), extract information (提取信息)
· 派生词：extraction (n. 提取), extractor (n. 提取器)
· 例句：The company extracts oil from underground reserves. (该公司从地下储量中提取石油。) He extracted the key points from the long document. (他从长篇文件中提取了要点。)
25. wormwood
· 音标：/ w rmw d/
· 释义：苦艾，艾草
· 词组搭配：wormwood tea (苦艾茶), wormwood extract (苦艾提取物)
· 派生词：无
· 例句：Wormwood is often used in herbal medicine. (苦艾常用于草药医学中。) The bitter taste of wormwood can be off·putting for some people. (苦艾的苦味可能让一些人望而却步。)
26. boil
· 音标：/b l/
· 释义：煮沸，沸腾，烧开
· 词组搭配：boil water (烧开水), bring to a boil (煮沸)
· 派生词：boiling (adj. 沸腾的), boil (n. 疖子)
· 例句：You need to boil the vegetables before adding them to the soup. (你需要先把蔬菜煮熟再放入汤中。) The water boiled rapidly on the stove. (水在炉子上迅速沸腾起来。)

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