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(共30张PPT)
FASHION ENGLISH
服 装 英 语
Unit 2 Materials for Garment（服装材料）
Chapter 2
Manufacturing Technology
( 服装生产技术)
This unit includes materials for clothing production, basic concepts and properties of fiber, yarn and fabric, considerations of selecting proper textile materials, and the names, appearance characteristics and styles of common clothing fabrics. Through learning, students can master the English professional terms and expressions such as fiber, yarn, fabric properties, weaving technology, fabric varieties, etc., and can also understand the relevant knowledge of basic processing technologies, fabric properties and structures, and fabric varieties and styles. Through learning, students can set up the overall awareness of the process of the fabric development.
本单元内容包括服装生产用材料，纤维、纱线和织物的基本概念和特性，选择合适纺织材料需考虑的因素，以及常见服装面料的名称、外观特征和风格。通过学习，学生可以掌握纤维、纱线、织物性能、织造工艺、织物品种等英文专业术语和表达方式，并了解基本加工技术、织物性能和结构、织物品种和风格的相关知识。通过学习，学生可以形成对面料开发过程的整体认识。
Teaching Contents
2. 服装材料
1. Master the vocabulary of basic terms of clothing materials, fabric structure and varieties;
2. Be able to describe fabric properties and characteristics with professional words;
3. Be able to read and translate texts in this unit;
4. Be able to read the relevant articles with similar diffi culty;
5. Master the basic knowledge of clothing materials and common fabric varieties.
1.掌握服装材料、面料组织结构和品种的基本术语词汇；
2.能够用专业词汇描述面料的性能和特点；
3.能够阅读和翻译本单元的课文；
4.能够阅读类似难度的相关文章；
5.掌握服装材料和常用面料品种的基本知识。
Learning Objectives
2. 服装材料
Warming-up
Task 1 Match the pictures with the object names.
A. woven fabric
B. yarn
C. fiber
D. knitted fabric
E. nonwoven fabric
Task 2 Choose some common fabrics and list their features and utilities.
Fabrics Features Utilities
Part I Materials for Garment Manufacturing
（服装生产用材料）
Clothing production includes a series of processes such as spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing, design, cutting and sewing. Clothing materials are the starting point of this process and also determine the final performance of clothing.
服装生产包含纺纱、织造、印染、设计、裁剪、缝纫等一系列加工过程，服装材料是这个过程的起点，也决定着服装最终的性能。
2. 服装材料
New Words and Phrases
abrasion [ bre n] n. 摩擦，磨损
acetate [ s te t] n. 醋酯纤维，醋酸纤维
acrylic [ kr l k] n. 腈纶，聚丙烯腈
aesthetic [i s θet k] n. 审美，美学
apparel [ p r l] n. 成衣，服装
brilliance [ br li ns] n. 鲜艳，鲜艳度
bursting strength 顶破强力，顶破强度
cellulosic fiber 纤维素纤维
color fastness 色牢度
construction [k n str k n] n. 结构
count [ka nt] n. 支数
course [k s] n. 线圈横列
course per inch (CPI) 每英寸横列数
crease [kri s] n. 皱纹，折痕，褶裥
crease resistance 抗皱性
cutting [ k t ] n. 裁剪
density [ dens ti] n. 密度
dimension [d men n] n. 尺寸
dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性
drape [dre p] n. 悬垂，悬垂性，褶裥
dull [d l] adj. 不鲜艳的，灰暗的，无光的
durability [ dj r b l ti] n. 耐久性，耐用性
elasticity [ i l st s ti] n. 弹性
elongation [ i l ɡe n] n. 伸长
New Words and Phrases
end [end] n. 经纱
ends per inch (EPI) 每英寸经纱数
pick [ p k] n. 纬纱
picks per inch (PPI) 每英寸纬纱数
extensibility [ ks tens b l t ] n. 可延伸性
felt [felt] n. 毡，毡化
filament [ f l m nt] n. 长丝
filament yarn 长丝纱，长纤纱
filling [ f l ] n. 纬纱
finish [ f n ] n. 后整理
float [fl t] n. 浮线，浮纱
handle [ h ndl] n. 织物手感
hue [hju ] n. 色相，色调
intensity [ n tens ti] n. 色彩饱和度，纯度
knit [n t] n. 针织，针织物
knitted fabric 针织面料
interlining [ nt la n ] n. 衬料，衬布
laundering [ l nd r ] n. 洗涤，洗烫
linters [ l nt z] n. 棉籽绒，短绒
loop [lu p] n. 线圈
luster [ l st ] n. 光泽，光亮
lustrous [ l str s] adj. 有光泽的
lyocell [ la sel] n. 莱赛尔纤维
malleability [ m li b l ti] n. 延展性
modacrylic [ m d kr l k] n. 改性腈纶
New Words and Phrases
重点词汇讲解
durability : the quality of being able to last a long time without becoming damaged.
1. The durability of the suit is top-notch: it has served 3 hard years and is still going strong.
这套西装的耐用性是一流的：它历经了三年的大量使用，现在仍然很坚固。
finish: A finish is the appearance of the surface of something or the last covering, as of paint, put onto it.
finish 也作finishing。
1. Resin Finishing is the process of imparting the special property of “crease recovery” to cotton.
树脂整理是赋予棉花“折皱回复”特性的过程
New Words and Phrases
moth resistance 防蛀性能
natural fi ber 天然纤维
nylon [ na l n] n. 尼龙
packaging [ p k d ] n. 包装
performance [p f m ns] n. 性能，表演，表现
pill [p l] v. 起球，起绒
plain weave 平纹组织
ply [pla ] n. 纱线股数，合股， 织物层数
polyester [ p l est ] n. 聚酯纤维，涤纶
pressing [ pres ] n. 熨烫
protein fiber 蛋白质纤维
satin weave 缎纹组织
seam [si m] n. 接缝，缝线
sewing [ s ] n. 缝纫
shrinkage [ r k d ] n. 缩水率，收缩
soiling [ s l ] n. 沾污，沾污性
spandex [ sp ndeks] n. 氨纶
spun yarn 短纤纱
staple fiber 短纤维
stiff [st f] adj. 硬挺的，挺括的
stretch [stret ] n. 伸展；弹性 v. 拉伸，伸长
structure [ str kt ] n. 结构
tensile strength 断裂强力，拉伸强力
thickness [ θ kn s] n. 厚度
twill weave 斜纹组织
New Words and Phrases
twist [tw st] n. 捻度
utility [ju t l ti] n. 用途，实用
utility characteristics 使用性能，服用性能
value [ v lju ] n. 明暗度
wale [we l] n. 线圈纵行
wales per inch (WPI) 每英寸纵行数
warp [w p] n. 经纱，经编
weft [weft] n. 纬纱，纬编
weave [wi v] n. 织造，织物组织 v. 织造
wool [w l] n. 羊毛，羊毛制品
woven fabric 梭织物，机织物
width [w dθ] n. 幅宽
yarn [jɑ n] n. 纱线
New Words and Phrases
重点词汇讲解
pill: If a piece of clothing or material pills, it develops small balls of threads on its surface.
value: the degree of light or darkness in a color.
Notes
[1] For example, a fabric to be used in a formal ladies’ suit for a highly regarded brand house will have a high value placed on aesthetics and image, be less sensitive to performance in use, and will be largely insensitive to cost. On the other hand, a department store’s own-brand jeans will be worth highly with respect to its durability and a low cost more than its aesthetics value and brand image.
formal ladies’ suit 意为“女式正装”；brand house 意为“时装公司；时装店”；sensitive 原意是“敏感，敏锐”，这里意为“关注；要求”。
译文：例如，一家备受推崇的服装品牌公司在女式正装中采用的面料，将具有很高的美学和形象价值，对使用性能方面要求较少，对成本方面基本不注重。另一方面，百货公司自有品牌的牛仔裤，其耐用性和低成本比其美学价值和品牌形象更有价值。
[2] Twill weave: Every weft yarn passes over (or under) two or more warp yarns, after passing under (or over) one or more warp yarns, so as to produce a diagonal line on one or both sides of the fabric.
weave，作动词时，意为“织造”，作名词时，意为“织物组织；织纹”；diagonal line 意为“斜纹的纹路”；one or both sides 意为“织物正面或正反两面”。
译文：斜纹组织：每根纬纱从下面（或上面）穿过一根或多根经纱后，再从上面（或下面）穿过两根或多根经纱，从而在织物单面或双面形成斜向的纹路。
Notes
Notes
[3] There are two basic types of knitting: weft and warp. Weft knit fabrics are manufactured by building the loops of yarn in horizontal position through the fabric width. Warp knitting constructs the fabric by making yarn loops parallel to the fabric length.
in horizontal position through the fabric width 意为“（纱线圈）沿着面料宽度水平方向即横向织造的”。
译文：针织有两种基本种类：纬编和经编。纬编针织物是经过面料宽度方向、横向建立线圈结构来织造。经编针织物是与面料长度平行的方向构建线圈结构来织造。
Part II Fabric Category
（面料的品种）
2. 服装材料
New Words and Phrases
ballet tutus 芭蕾舞裙
basket-weave [ bɑ sk t wi v] n. 方平组织
bridal veils 新娘披纱
broadcloth [br dk l θ] n. 细平布
broderie anglaise 英格兰刺绣织物
chiffon [ f n] n. 雪纺
chintz [t nts] n. 印花棉布
cashmere [k m ] n. 开司米纤维，开司米面
料，山羊绒
coarse [k s] adj. 粗鄙的，粗糙的
corduroy [ k d r ] n. 灯芯绒；条绒
crinkly [ kr kli] adj. 起皱的，多褶皱的
crisp [kr sp] adj. 硬挺的，挺括的
georgette [ d d et] n. 乔其纱
gingham [ ɡ m] n. 条格布；方格棉布
glossy [ ɡl si] adj. 有光泽的，光滑的
mohair [ m he (r)] n. 马海毛，安哥拉山羊毛netting [ net ] n. 网；网状（织）物
opaque [ pe k] adj. 不透明的，无光泽的
organdy [ ɡ ndi] n. 欧根纱，蝉翼纱
petticoat [ pet k t] n. 衬裙
pile [pa l] n.（地毯或织物的）绒面，绒毛，绒头
plush [pl ] adj. 豪华的，奢华的，舒适的
pucker [ p k ] v. （使某物）起褶子
New Words and Phrases
poplin [ p pl n] n. 府绸
raffia [ r fi ] n. 酒椰叶纤维
recessed [r sest] v. 向里凹陷
ridge [r d ] n. 凸起
rough [r f] adj. （表面）粗糙不平的，不光滑的
seersucker [ s s k (r)] n. 泡泡纱
separate [ sep r t] n. 服装单品，单件衣服
shirting [ t ] n. 衬衫面料
sheen [ i n] n. 光泽，光辉 adj. 有光泽的
soft-to-the-touch pile 手感柔软的绒面
sportswear [ sp tswe ] n. 运动装
suiting [ su t ] n. 西装料
sharkskin [ ɑ ksk n] n. 雪克斯金细呢， 鲨鱼皮
shear [ ] (shore, shorn) v. 剪羊毛，剪切
synthetic [s n θet k] n. 合成纤维
dot jacquard 圆点提花
taffeta [ t f t ] n.（主要用于制作女装的）塔夫绸
tailored [ te l d] adj. 裁剪讲究的，订做的，合身的
texture [ tekst ] n. 质地，组织，结构
tone [t n] n. 色调
tulle [tju l] n. 薄纱，绢网
unbleached [ n bli t t] adj. 原色的，未漂白的
upholstery [ p h lst ri] n. 装饰业，室内装饰品
velvet [ velv t] n. 丝绒，天鹅绒
New Words and Phrases
versatile [ v s ta l] adj. 多功能的
voile [v l] n. 巴厘纱，薄纱
waffl e weave 华夫格，蜂巢布
wool gabardine 羊毛华达呢
wool felt 毛毡
wool jersey 羊毛衫
worsted [ w st d] n. 精纺毛料
Notes
[4] It is important to note that although they have been grouped by the category which they are often associated with, there are no solid rules to a fabric’s usage.
It is important to note that 是固定搭配，意为“值得注意的是”；solid rules 意为“固定的法则”。
译文：值得注意的是，虽然它们（指各种面料）按照通常关联的种类进行了分组，但是使用面料的准则并不是一成不变的。
Notes
[5] Wool gabardine is a tightly woven fabric which is known for its durability and versatility. The use of 100 percent worsted wool gives a smooth appearance on one side and twill on the reverse.
on the reverse 指织物的背面、反面。
译文：羊毛华达呢是一种结构紧密的机织物，因其具有良好的耐用性且用途广泛而为人们熟知。由于采用 100% 精纺毛，羊毛华达呢正面平整光洁，而反面具有清晰的斜纹纹路。
Notes
[6] Sharkskin is a smooth and unique woven fabric, using a blend of rayon or acetate along with wool in white and colored fi bers to create a basket-weave effect. Its two-toned woven appearance makes it popular for men’s and women’s suits.
along with 意为“和……一起，除了……还”；basket-weave 指方平组织，方平组织是一种以平纹为基础的变化组织。
译文：雪克斯金细呢是一种表面光滑且独特的梭织面料，它是用人造纤维或醋酯纤维与白色毛纤维及有色纤维一起交织形成的方平组织。两种色调交织形成的独特外观使其在男装和女装中运用得都非常普遍。
Exercises
Column A
（ ）1. yarn
（ ）2. filament
（ ）3. texture
（ ）4. weave
（ ）5. fabric
（ ）6. fiber
Column B
A. The hand feel and appearance of a fabric.
B. A product of substantial length and relatively small cross-section of staple fibers and/or filaments with or without twist.
C. A unit which forms the basic element of fabric and other textile structures.
D. A long continuous fi ber that can go for miles
E. The pattern of interlacing warp and weft yarn in a woven fabric structure.
F. A piece of material made by weaving or knitting method.
I. Match the words in Column A with the proper descriptions in Column B.
Exercises
worsted mohair chiffon corduroy durability shrinkage knitted stretch
1. She wore her gray cardigan and got to work.
2. Fluid dresses can be made of which is sheer and delicate.
3. For its , denim has always been used for outdoor work clothing.
4. Wool fi bers can be processed into two types: woolen fabrics and fabrics.
5. Angora goats produce which is long and soft.
6. When producing cotton clothes, you should allow for in both length and width.
7. is a thick cotton fabric with parallel lengthwise cords or ridges on the surface.
8. Most knits have more than woven fabrics, and seams should be stabilized to avoid breaking.
II. Fill in the blanks with correct words in the following box．
Exercises
（ ）1. A department store’s own-brand jeans may have a high value placed on .
A. brand image B. durability C. aesthetics D. handle
（ ）2. Twist is used to .
A. increase the fi bers’ strength B. increase the fabric’s density
C. improve the yarn’s appearance D. form continuous yarn
（ ）3. The yarns that run along the length of the fabric are called .
A. warps B. fillings C. wefts D. picks
（ ）4. The changes of color values due to either fabric or light movement are fabric .
A. style characteristics B. hand characteristics C. visual characteristics D. utility characteristics
（ ）5. Cotton poplin is mostly and frequently made of .
A. cotton B. polyester C. cotton or cotton/polyester blend D. cotton/polyester blend
III. Choose the best answer according to the text.
Exercises
（ ）6. Which of the following fabrics is most suitable for ladies’ evening dress
A. Velvet. B. Canvas. C. Denim. D. Gabardine.
（ ）7. Which of the following fabrics is most suitable for sportswear
A. Georgette. B. Seersucker. C. Denim. D. Cotton poplin.
（ ）8. Which one of the following is knitted fabric
A. Mohair. B. Jersey. C. Cashmere. D. Taffeta.
Expanding video — 10 Most Popular Fabric
1. 重点句翻译；
2. 整理本章相关专业词汇。
3. 完成教材练习IV；
4. 课下自学补充阅读Laminated Poplin，完成课后习题。
5. 预习第3章热身练习，并熟悉阅读部分的词汇。
课下作业
THE END
The edge of a sword comes out of tough grind, and the sweet fragrant smell of plum blossom comes from the bitter cold .
宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来——冯梦龙

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