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(共51张PPT)
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Unit 2
Morals and Virtues
moral ['m r l ] adj. 道德的; 道义上的 n. 品行; 道德; 寓意
The moral of ……的道德教训/寓意
morally adv. 道德上; 有道德地; 确实地　
immoral adj. 不道德的;邪恶的
morality n. [U] 道德; 道德准则；品行
这个故事的寓意是：一个人必须要诚实。
The moral of the story is that one must be honest.
dilemma /d lem / n.进退两难的境地;困境
moral dilemma / m r l d lem / 道德困境
dilemma [ d 'lem ] n. 进退两难的境地; 困境
be in a dilemma 处于困境中
Face the dilemma about/of…
面对……困境
be faced with a dilemma: 面临左右为难的困境
他们试图摆脱这个困境。
They try to get out of the dilemma.
be faced with不表示被动意义，仅表示主语的一种状态。作状语、定语或补语时，要用过去分词短语faced with。
完成句子
①糟糕的天气使我们进退两难——是继续前进呢，还是打道回府？
The bad weather puts us —shall we move on or go back
②他认为他们会陷入两难的尴尬境地。
He thinks that they .
in a dilemma
may face an awkward dilemma
faint [fe nt] v.昏倒;晕厥 adj.不清楚的; 微弱的
a faint smile 淡淡一笑
a faint light 微弱的光
A faint hope 一丝希望
faint memory 模糊的记忆
她的病还有一点点希望可以治愈。
There is still a faint hope that she may be cured.
They have a faint chance of winning the war. 几率小
= have a slim chance of
illustrate [' l stre t] v.(举例)说明; 阐明; 给(书或文章)加插图
illustration n.图解；图示；示例
An illustrated textbook
有插图的课本
[教材原文] Did you hear that James helped an old woman who fell down while crossing the street？你听说詹姆斯帮助一个过马路时摔倒的老太太了吗？
[句式分析]　while crossing the street是“连词＋分词短语”结构，是状语从句while she was crossing the street的省略形式。
当由when，while，before，after，unless，as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语和be动词。省略后从句的形式：连词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词。
While playing with his children outdoors，the father felt very happy.当这位父亲和孩子们在户外玩耍时，他感到非常幸福。
Though (it was) cold，he still wore a shirt.
天气虽然冷，他还是(只)穿了一件衬衫。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①他不会去那儿，除非得到邀请。
He won't go there .
②如果可能的话，我会早点儿来。
I'll come early .
unless (he is) invited
if (it is) possible
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
万婴之母
“Life is _______珍贵的.... To a person __________________________没有什么比...更珍贵 their life, and if they __________托付 me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired ”These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what ________________ 帮助她度过 a life of hard choices.
否定+比较级=最高级
biography
nothing is more precious than
entrust
precious
carried her through
carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
carry on doing/with ... 继续做……
carry out 执行
carry sth through 成功地完成；顺利实现
His determination carried him through the ordeal.
他靠坚强的信心渡过了难关。
In my opinion, the plan should be carried out immediately.
依我看来，那项计划应该立刻实施。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①After his father died, Tom carried on the business.
②In spite of great efforts, we failed to carry our plans.
③It was your help that carried me the hardest time in the foreign country.
with
out
through
As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was ____________深深影响 by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of ________________________________ 走上传统的婚姻之路。 like ____________大多数的 girls, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother _________抱怨 , thinking ____ the ______________ .高昂的学费 She _________回复, “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”
deeply affected
following the traditional path of marriage
complained
responded
the majority of
of
high tuition fees
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
marry v. (和某人) 结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb
married adj. 已婚的；结婚的
be married (to sb) （与……结婚）【表状态】
get married (to sb) (与……结婚） 【表动作】
She was a very strict Christian who was married to her job...
the perfect marriage of rice and milk
________（marry) for 14 years, they show great devotion and loyalty to each other.
例：Many people have expectations of what marriage will be like.
许多人对婚姻生活抱有憧憬。
Married
majority /m d r ti/ n.大部分;大多数
→________ adj.主要的；多数的 vi.主修
→________ n．少数民族；少数派 →________ adj.次要的；少数的
minority
major
minor
[即学即练]　(1)单句语法填空
①She once (majority) in philosophy at Harvard.
(2)完成句子
②每学期仅有少数学生获得奖学金。
the scholarship every term.
majored
Only a/the minority of students receive　
Don’t complain about life, it only shows your incompetence. The strong never complain about life.
不要抱怨生活，那只能说明你的无能。强者从来不抱怨生活。
—— 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦（Albert Einstein,1879 — 1955）,世界十大杰出物理学家之一，现代物理学的开创者、集大成者和奠基人。作为20世纪犹太裔理论物理学家，爱因斯坦创立了相对论——现代物理学的两大支柱之一（另一个是量子力学），其质能方程E = mc2 著称于世，并因为“对理论物理的贡献，特别是发现了光电效应”的规律而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。
complain
complain /k m ple n/ vi.&vt.抱怨;发牢骚
→____________n．抱怨
complaint
complain (to sb.) that ...　　　 　 抱怨……
complain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨某事
make a complaint against/about ... 对……投诉
Lots of people have complained about the noise.
很多人抱怨过噪音。
I'm going to complain to the manager about this.
我要就这件事向经理投诉。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He phoned a newspaper reporter to complain the reporter's story.
②If the service was so bad, why didn't you complain the manager
③I'd like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my
(complain).
about/of
to
complaint
respond /r sp nd/ vt.回答;回复
vi.做出反应
response /r sp ns/ n.反应;回答;回复
respond to　　　　　答复……；对……做出反应
in response to 对……做出反应
make a/no response to 对……做出/不做出回应
Millions of people gave freely in response to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake.
为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百万人慷慨相助。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I prefer to respond e mails that I receive right when I get to work.
②I am writing in (respond) to the position as a volunteer advertised on the Internet.
to
response
Eight years later, Lin ______________从...毕业 Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the _______________文海奖学金, the highest prize given to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a ________________住院医师in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in1939, in the US. She greatly __________使印象深刻 her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, _______________拒绝邀请. She wanted to serve the women and children at home.
graduated from
the Students’ Union 学生会
resident physician
Wehai Scholarship
impressed
rejected the offer
In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be 任命的；委派的director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened ____________一个私人诊所. She ________收费 very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to _________遥远的 villages to ___________________提供医疗照顾.
a private clinic
appointed
charged
faraway
provide medical care
appoint / p nt/ vt.任命;委派
→_____________ n．约会；任命
appointment
(1) appoint sb. as/to be ...　　任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2) have/make an appointment with sb.
与某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约
(3) appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
We should meet at the appointed time.
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My patient broke that important (appoint).
②I have an appointment Dr.Smith，but I need to change it.
③A nurse was appointed (attend陪同) her during her illness.
appointment
with
to attend
charge [t ɑ d ] n. 费用；价钱；主管；负责
vi./vt. 收费；控诉；充电
(1)take charge of...掌管/负责……
(sb) be in charge of...控制/管理……
(sth) be in/under the charge of...
受……的管理，由……负责
free of charge(＝for free)免费
(2)charge sb.some money for sth.
为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb.with (doing) sth.＝accuse sb.of (doing) sth.控告某人(做)某事
[即学即练]　一句多译
他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。
①The programme can't be him because it is beyond his ability.
②He can't the programme because it is beyond his ability.
③He can't be the programme because it is beyond his ability.
in the charge of
take charge of
in charge of
The new People’s Republic of China ______见证 Dr Lin Qiaozhi ________________发挥重要角色. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in _______________照顾病人, _______________________发布医学研究 on care for women and children, and training the next _________一代 of doctors. “The OB-GYN department cares for two lives,” She told new staff in her department. “As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.
saw
playing a key role
elect sb to be/as 选举某人为 election n.选举
tending patients
publishing medical research
generation
tend /tend/ vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向
tend to do sth. 易于做某事;往往发生某事
→_____________n．倾向；偏好
tendency
tend (to) sb./sth. 照看某人/某物
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
We tend to get cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the country.
在这个国家的这个地区，冬天往往很冷，夏天温暖干燥。
For years she tended him in his painful illness.
多年来他一直受到病痛的折磨，都是她在照料。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①While I hate to admit it，people always tend (judge) a person by his or her appearance initially最初地.
②There is a slow (tend) that “the beat culture” is popular with the youths in China.
to judge
tendency　
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she _____________作为...而著名 the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having _________接生 over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not ______退休 until the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her _________存款 to a kindergarten and a _______ 基金for new doctors. And even as she _________,弥留之际 her final thoughts were for others: “I’m ready to go,” she said. “Don’t try to rescue me any more. Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
was known as
delivered
retire
savings
fund
lay dying
be known for 因...而著名
retire from....从...退休/~as 作为...退休
scared /ske d/ adj.害怕的;对…感到惊慌
scare /ske (r)/ vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓
be scared to death 吓得要死
be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕某物 be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
scary [ skeri] 恐怖的;吓人的
sacre off/away 吓跑；吓走
[即学即练]　(1)单句语法填空
①I'm (scare) of telling her what really happened.
②People are scared use the buses late at night.
(2)完成句子
③最令我害怕的[主语从句]是我要在一个陌生的地方学习。
is that I'm going to study in a strange place.
scared
to
What scares me most
replace vt.接替；取代；更换
replace A with/by B 用B代替/替换A
这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。
The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.
拓展
in place of
in place 在适当的位置；恰当的
replace sth.＝take the place of
[即学即练]　(1)单句语法填空
①Most of workers in this factory (replace) by/with robots so far到目前为止[现在完成时标志].
②Now that these basics were place，I was ready to go all out to carry out the plan.
have been replaced
in
Important sentence
1. “Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life,
and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying
I’m cold, hungry, or tired ” (Para. 1)
“生命诚可贵。……对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？”
否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义。
Life is the most precious to a person.
解析
“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody，hardly等
（2）多种表达方法：
※否定词＋形容词/副词比较级（＋than）没有比……更……
在我生命中没有人比你更重要了。
There is ________________________________ in my life.
我从来没听过比她更好的声音。
I have never heard a better voice than her.
我找不到更臭的食物了。
I cannot find any smellier food.
没有什么更便宜了。
There is nothing cheaper.
no person more important than you
（2）多种表达方法：
※否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as 没有……和……一样
Nothing is so easy as sleeping.没有东西是和睡觉一样简单的。
No one is so deaf as those who won’t listen. 没有人像这些不听劝的人一样聋。
I have never seen a person performs as excitedly as he does.
我从来没有见过和他一样表演激动的人。
（2）多种表达方法：
※比较级＋than＋any other＋名词单数 比其他...更...
＋any of the other＋名词复数
＋anything/anyone elese 其他任何事情/任何人
她比她班上的任何一个同学都要活泼。(活泼的 lively)
She is more lively than any other student in her class.
She is more lively than any of the other students in her class.
She is more lively than anyone else.
[即学即练]　(1)单句语法填空
①I have never heard a (good) voice than hers.
②It has more fresh water any of the other countries in the world.
(2)完成句子
③汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
Tom is ___ in his class.
④实践最为重要。
Nothing is practice.
better
than
more intelligent than any other student
as/so important as (＝more important than)
① They came back from the park, __________________all the way.
(一路欢声笑语）
② The students entered the lecture hall, ______________________.
(跟随他们的老师）
following their teacher(s)
talking and laughing
现在分词做伴随状语
1. “Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life,
and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust,
saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired ” (Para. 1)
“生命诚可贵。……对一个人来说，有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？”
画线部分在句中做什么成分？
Important sentences
[句式分析]　句中saying I'm cold，hungry，or tired是现在分词短语作状语。
(1)现在分词(短语)作状语，若现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，则用doing；若现在分词所表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前，强调先后顺序时，则用having done。
(2)这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示谓语动词所表示的动作发生时的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
① (walk) slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the target and fired.
② (hear) the news，they all jumped with joy.
③They would be able to reply to our signals， (use) similar methods.
④All night long I lay awake， (think) of the problem.
Walking
Hearing
using
thinking
⑤Her husband died ten years ago， (leave) her with three children to look after.
⑥ (fail) for ten times，she had to change her way of doing the experiment.
leaving
Having failed(先失败)
英语中表示第几个做某事的人时，常用to do作后置定语，即
主语 + 谓语 + the first / second / last... + to do sth. (主动做)
※ She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident
physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. (Para. 3)
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
※ In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed
director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. (Para. 4)
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任。
Important sentence (同步P44)
主语 + 谓语 + the first / second / last... + to be done sth.（被动做）
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Television companies are racing to be the first (screen) his life story.
②She was the first girl in our school (admit) to Tsinghua University.
to screen
to be admitted
Important sentence (同步P43)
[教材原文] The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role．新中国见证了林巧稚医生发挥的关键作用。
(2)感官动词see，watch，observe，hear，notice等的宾语补足语有以下形式(以see为例)：
see sb.do sth.看见某人做了某事
see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
see sb./sth.done看见某人 /某物被……
They knew her very well.They had seen her grow up from childhood.他们很了解她，(因为)他们是看着她长大的。
The suspect was seen entering the building.有人看见犯罪嫌疑人进入了大楼。
Back from his two year medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.李医生在非洲提供了两年的医疗服务，他回来后看到家里的母亲得到了很好的照顾十分高兴。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I saw him (leave) a few minutes ago.
②I saw him (play) football when I came to his school.
③I often see the boy (blame) by his father for his carelessness.
leave
playing
blamed
Thank You

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