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2024年高考英语快乐ABCD
剖析高考真题阅读基础知识拓展总结
【本期真题试题来源：2023年3月天津卷】
（A篇）
STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS
All students may apply to work on campus.
Getting started
Before starting any position, all students need to complete required taforms and show identification. International students also need:
*Social Security card *Bank account
*Valid passport *Official work permit
*Letter of support from the office of International Student Life
Looking for a job on Handshake
Handshake is an online job search platform for college students. With a Handshake account, students can receive information about career events and personalized job recommendations. To use Handshake, just follow these steps:
*Log in to Handshake using your email address already provided by the college.
*Complete personalization of your profile.
*Start your job search by clicking “Jobs” button.
*Fill out desired information:location, job type, etc.
*Apply directly by clicking “Apply Now” button.
You can also make appointments to meet with a career coach, access career resources, and explore careers that interest you. On-campus jobs available for students
*Academic department assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Thursday)
*Dining services (Lunchtime on weekdays)
*Library assistant (Flexible working hours on Monday/Wednesday/Friday)
*Bookstore/mailroom(9:00-12:00 at weekends)
*Athletic department (18:00-22:00 on weekdays)
Maximum working hours
*During the semester (学期), domestic students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week; international students can work a maximum of 20 hours a week.
*During the summer break,a student may not work more than 30 hours a week.
*The total number of hours may not exceed (超过) the maximum hours allowed even if a student has more than one job.
For more information, find us at Career Development Office, 211Hughes Hall; careerdevelopment@dreamcollege.edu, 555-520-1314
【A篇单词及拓展总结】
单词 音标 释义 词组搭配 派生词
campus k mp s 校园；大学校区 1. on campus - 在校园内；2. off campus - 校外 -
identification a d nt f ke n 身份证明；识别 1. show identification - 出示身份证明；2. means of identification - 身份识别手段 identify (v.) - 识别
recommendation r k m n de n 推荐；建议；意见 1. job recommendation - 职位推荐；2. recommendation letter - 推荐信 recommend (v.) - 推荐
appointment p ntm nt 约会；预约；任命 1. make appointments - 预约；2. appointment book - 预约本 appoint (v.) - 任命
domestic d m st k 国内的；家庭的；驯养的 1. domestic students - 国内学生；2. domestic affairs - 国内事务 domicile (n.) - 住所
international nt r n n l 国际的；跨国的 1. international students - 国际学生；2. international relations - 国际关系 -
semester s m st r 学期 1. during the semester - 学期期间；2. end of semester - 学期末 -
break bre k 休息；休息时间；中断 1. summer break - 暑假；2. take a break - 休息一下 -
maximum m ks m m 最大限度；最大值 1. maximum working hours - 最大工作时间；2. maximum capacity - 最大容量 maximize (v.) - 最大化
exceed k sid 超过；超越 1. exceed the maximum hours - 超过最大工作时间；2. exceed expectations - 超出预期 -
【A篇搭配整理】
词组搭配 释义 例句 例句翻译
1. apply to 申请；适用于 This rule applies to all employees. (这条规定适用于所有员工。) 这个规则适用于所有的员工。
2. complete required 完成必需的 All students need to complete the required forms. (所有学生都需要完成必填表格。) 所有学生都需要完成所需的表格。
3. personalized job recommendations 个性化的工作推荐 Handshake provides personalized job recommendations. (Handshake 提供个性化的工作推荐。) Handshake 提供个性化的工作推荐。
4. make appointments 预约；安排约会 You need to make appointments to see the advisor. (你需要预约才能见到顾问。) 你需要预约才能见到顾问。
5. flexible working hours 灵活的工作时间 The company offers flexible working hours. (公司提供灵活的工作时间。) 公司提供灵活的工作时间。
6. maximum working hours 最大工作时间 During the semester, students can work a maximum of 10 hours a week. (学期期间，学生最多可以工作10个小时。) 在学期期间，学生最多可以工作10个小时。
7. exceed expectations 超出预期 Her performance exceeded our expectations. (她的表现超出了我们的预期。) 她的表现超出了我们的预期。
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（2）
One freezing morning last February, I walked through Ontario Place. Trees were frosted sculptures. Large chunks of ice floated in the lake. Then I saw a group of people in bathing suits bouncing up and down in the water. They held hands, shouting and yelling into the sky. They looked and sounded so free.
I’ve always found cold water thrilling. The shock of it is like pressing a switch. It seems to reset my body and soul.
And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I woke up most mornings with a dull, grey feeling as I forced myself out of bed to start the day. I needed something to cheer myself up, but I didn’t know what, until that day.
The ice warriors (勇士) emerged from the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each other. I called out: “You guys are awesome!” One woman waved back, “Come and join us! We’ re here every Monday morning.”
The night before my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervous. Cold water was one thing, but this icy lake was a whole other level. Should I back out Eventually, I got up in the dark and drove to the meeting spot.
After some wild warm up, I charged into the lake along with others. We yelled into the sky. Teeth chattering heart rates slowing, fingers and toes going numb (麻木), we stayed there for somewhere between two and five minutes. Knowing it was my first time, people cheered me on. It felt amazing. I was stupid with cold, but I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so happy.
Now I go dipping almost every day, and I’ve come to long for that moment when the cold becomes a second skin and my internal voice goes silent. Apart from the thrill of those first heart-stopping dives, which, ironically, saved me from going under, what has drawn me is this community of generous, open-hearted souls.
We laughed together, often, but from the stories we’ve shared about ourselves, I know I’m not the only one who faces life’s challenges. Holding hands in the freezing lake, we looked out for each other last winter and will do so through this one.
It won’t fix everything in our lives—but for some reason, it helps. At the end of each session I return home feeling stronger, lighter, more able to carry on. As another winter sets in, I’m more than ready to embrace the cold again.
【B篇单词及拓展总结】
单词 音标 详细释义 词组搭配 派生词
frosted / fr st d/ adj. 结了霜的，罩有糖霜的 1. frosted glass - 有雾化处理的玻璃；2. frosted cake - 撒了糖霜的蛋糕 frosts (n. 霜)；frosting (n. 结霜)
trembling / tr mb( )l / adj. 颤抖的，发抖的 1. trembling hand - 颤抖的手；2. trembling voice - 颤抖的声音 tremble (v. 发抖)；tremulous (adj. 发抖的)
numb /n m/ adj. 麻木的，失去感觉的 1. numb fingers - 麻木的手指；2. numbness - 麻木感 numbness (n. 麻木)；numbly (adv. 麻木地)
community /k mju n ti/ n. 社区，团体 1. local community - 当地社区；2. online community - 网络社区 communal (adj. 共同的)；communally (adv. 共同地)
generous / d n( )r s/ adj. 慷慨的，大方的 1. generous donation - 慷慨的捐赠；2. generous offer - 慷慨的提议 generosity (n. 慷慨)；generously (adv. 慷慨地)
open-hearted / p n hɑ t d/ adj. 坦诚的，真诚的 1. open-hearted confession - 坦诚的供认；2. open-hearted conversation - 真诚的对话 open-heartedness (n. 坦诚)
challenges / t al nd z/ n. 挑战，困难 1. face challenges - 面对挑战；2. overcome challenges - 克服困难 challenge (v. 挑战)；challenger (n. 挑战者)
session / s ( )n/ n. 会议，会期，一段时间 1. therapy session - 疗程；2. training session - 培训课程 sessional (adj. 学期的)；sessionally (adv. 每学期地)
embrace / m bre s/ v. 拥抱，接受 1. embrace change - 接受变化；2. embrace opportunity - 抓住机会 embraceable (adj. 可拥抱的)；embracement (n. 拥抱)
derive /d ra v/ v. 源自，得自 1. derive pleasure - 得到乐趣；2. derive income - 获得收入 derived (adj. 派生的)；derivation (n. 派生)
【B篇词组搭配】
词组搭配 释义 例句及翻译
large chunks of ice 大块的冰（1） The lake was filled with large chunks of ice, reflecting the morning sunlight. (湖面上漂浮着大块的冰，反射着早晨的阳光。)
held hands 牵手（2） They held hands as they walked along the beach, enjoying the sunset. (他们牵着手沿着海滩散步，享受着日落。)
shouting and yelling 大声喊叫（3） The fans were shouting and yelling in excitement as their team scored a goal. (球迷们在队进球时兴奋地大声喊叫。)
reset my body and soul 重新调整身心（4） Going for a walk in nature always helps to reset my body and soul after a long day at work. (在大自然中散步总是能帮助我在工作了一天后重新调整身心。)
wake up with a dull, grey feeling 醒来时感到沉闷和灰暗（5） I used to wake up with a dull, grey feeling every morning until I started practicing mindfulness. (我过去每天早上醒来时都感到沉闷和灰暗，直到我开始练习正念。)
cheer myself up 打起精神（6） Whenever I feel down, I listen to my favorite music to cheer myself up. (每当我感到沮丧时，我就听我最喜欢的音乐来振作自己。)
emerged from the lake 从湖中出现（7） The swimmers emerged from the lake, their bodies glistening in the sunlight. (游泳者们从湖中出现，他们的身体在阳光下闪闪发光。)
wild warm up 疯狂的热身（8） The athletes engaged in a wild warm-up routine before the championship race. (运动员们在冠军赛之前进行了疯狂的热身。)
teeth chattering 牙齿打颤（9） She stood outside in the cold, her teeth chattering uncontrollably. (她站在寒风中，牙齿不受控制地打颤。)
feeling amazing 感觉很棒（10） After completing the marathon, he felt amazing, proud of his accomplishment. (完成马拉松比赛后，他感觉很棒，为自己的成就感到自豪。)
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（3）
I love making art and looking at artworks. I’ve found myself wondering how we gain pleasure from art. And now neuroaesthetics, a combination of neuroscience (神经科学) and aesthetics (美学), may provide an answer.
Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments. Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks” that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.
But why do we find some art beautiful and other art ugly According to research, it all comes down to the “aesthetic triad (三元组合)”.
The first part of the triad is sensory-motor. This involves perceiving things like colours, shapes and movements. Movement in art has an interesting role. If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience. The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response.
Second is emotion-valuation. This is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling. The part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful. This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) (经颅磁刺激). If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.
The third part is meaning-knowledge. This is to do with how we can connect with a piece of art and what meaning we can create in it. Art is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning. If we find meaning, then we often find pleasure. We also get enjoyment from the knowledge of how something was made. For the images that an artist creates, viewers will probably get far more enjoyment once they know the process used to create them.
Informed by neuroaesthetics, the next time I create my art I will value the process even more, enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain as I admire the vivid images that I have created.
【c篇总结】
单词 音标 释义 词组搭配 派生词
neuroaesthetics nj r - s θ t ks 神经美学 - -
aesthetic i s θ t k 美学的；审美的 - aesthetics (n. 美学)
assessment s sm nt 评估；评价；估价 make assessments (进行评估)； aesthetic assessment (审美评价) assess (v. 评估；评价；估价)； assessor (n. 评估者)
sculptures sk lpt rz 雕塑 inspiring sculptures (鼓舞人心的雕塑)；view sculptures (观赏雕塑) sculpture (n. 雕塑)； sculpt (v. 雕刻)； sculptor (n. 雕塑家)
emotion m n 情感；情绪 emotion-valuation (情感评价)；feel emotion (感受情感) emotional (adj. 情感的；感情的)； emotionless (adj. 无情感的)
appreciate pri ie t 感激；欣赏；评价 appreciate feeling (欣赏感觉)；appreciate art (欣赏艺术) appreciation (n. 感激；欣赏)； appreciative (adj. 感激的)
stimulation st mj le n 刺激；激励 magnetic stimulation (磁刺激)；transcranial magnetic stimulation (经颅磁刺激) stimulate (v. 刺激；激励)； stimulant (n. 刺激物)； stimulator (n. 刺激器)
perception p s p n 感知；知觉；认识 sensory perception (感知)；visual perception (视知觉) perceive (v. 察觉；感知)； perceptual (adj. 知觉的；感知的)
admiration dm re n 赞赏；钦佩 admire the process (钦佩过程)；admire the images (欣赏图像) admire (v. 赞赏；钦佩)； admirable (adj. 值得赞赏的)
enjoyment n d m nt 享受；乐趣；愉快 get enjoyment (得到乐趣)；find enjoyment (找到乐趣) enjoy (v. 享受；乐于)； enjoyable (adj. 令人愉快的)
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【】窗体底端
【c篇词组搭配总结】
序号 高级搭配 例句及翻译
1 neuroaesthetics (神经美学) Neuroaesthetics seeks to understand the neural processes underlying aesthetic experiences.（神经美学旨在理解美学体验背后的神经过程。）
2 brain imaging technique (脑成像技术) Researchers employed advanced brain imaging techniques to study participants' reactions to different artworks.（研究人员采用先进的脑成像技术来研究参与者对不同艺术作品的反应。）
3 aesthetic assessments (审美评价) His aesthetic assessments often challenge conventional norms and provoke thought.（他的审美评价经常挑战传统规范并引发思考。）
4 neuronal fireworks (神经元烟火) The exhibition triggered neuronal fireworks in the brains of the attendees, leading to intense emotional responses.（展览在参观者的大脑中引发了神经元的烟火，导致强烈的情绪反应。）
5 sensory-motor (感觉-运动) The sensory-motor connection allows us to not only see but also physically experience the artwork.（感觉-运动连接使我们不仅可以看到，还可以身临其境地体验艺术作品。）
6 emotion-valuation (情感-评价) The emotion-valuation process influences how we perceive and interpret artistic expressions.（情感-评价过程影响着我们对艺术表达的感知和解释。）
7 transcranial magnetic stimulation (经颅磁刺激) The study used transcranial magnetic stimulation to modulate participants' aesthetic responses to visual stimuli.（该研究利用经颅磁刺激来调节参与者对视觉刺激的审美反应。）
8 meaning-knowledge (意义-知识) The artist's intention often adds layers of meaning-knowledge to the viewer's interpretation of the artwork.（艺术家的意图往往为观众对艺术作品的解读增添了层次的意义和知识。）
9 aesthetic appreciation (审美欣赏) Her deep aesthetic appreciation of classical music is evident in her extensive collection of vinyl records.（她对古典音乐的深刻欣赏在她广泛的黑胶唱片收藏中得以体现。）
10 vivid images (生动的形象) The artist's use of color and texture creates vivid images that resonate with viewers on an emotional level.（艺术家运用色彩和质地创造出生动的形象，与观众在情感上产生共鸣。）
（4）
Most people with good sense would accept that we can and should learn from accidental failures. It would be impossible to progress in anything, after all, without taking the occasional misstep. And by understanding how we slipped, we can avoid falling in the future.
Few would advocate making intentional mistakes, however. Yet consciously erring (犯错) can promote deeper understanding and better recall. The phenomenon is known as the derring effect — coming from “deliberate (故意的) erring” — and when applied properly, it may bring benefits in many unexpected areas of life.
In one experiment carried out at the National University of Singapore, participants were given the task of learning concepts on a difficult subject. For some terms, they simply copied out the correct definition; for others, they were asked to first add an error in their description of the term before correcting the mistake.
Naturally, you would expect the addition of the errors to have increased unwanted confusion. Yet the exact opposite was true: the participants who made deliberate errors learned about twice as much as the people who simply copied out the correct definitions.
The derring effect could be applied in other situations. So a music teacher may find the addition of deliberate errors could help a student remember the right musical notes. Such a playful approach could fuel their creativity for composition, if the student looks for ways to develop those wrong notes into something more attractive. It is encouraging to discover that by readily accepting our errors and wisely placing ourselves in the way of being wrong, we can in fact overcome weaknesses and rise stronger.
The derring effect could be useful for many other challenges too. If you enjoy cooking, for example, you may faithfully follow a recipe without questioning the instructions. But why not try to break away from those habits and deliberately do the “wrong” thing for a change, and see where your derring takes you If you are painting,meanwhile,you could relax one of the constraints (限制) that you usually put on your work and see what you produce.
At worst, you will have refreshed and deepened your knowledge of the rules you normally apply, so that you can be even more effective next time. At best, you may just find that you have discovered something completely new and unexpected, through a flash of inspiration that you would have missed with perfectionism. Either way, your apparent missteps will have moved you a little closer to true mastery.
【D篇单词拓展总结】
单词 音标 详细中文释义 词组搭配（翻译） 所有派生词（翻译）
Deliberate /d l b r t/ 故意的;慎重的 deliberate error - 故意错误；deliberate mistake - 故意失误 Deliberately (adv.) - 故意地；Deliberateness (n.) - 深思熟虑
Confusion /k n fju n/ 混乱;困惑 unwanted confusion - 不必要的混淆；confusion about - 对...的困惑 Confused (adj.) - 困惑的；Confusing (adj.) - 令人困惑的
Constraint /k n stre nt/ 限制;约束 relax one of the constraints - 放松一项限制；put constraints on - 对...施加限制 Constrained (adj.) - 受限制的；Constraint (v.) - 强加约束
Composition / kɑ mp z n/ 组成;作品 fuel their creativity for composition - 激发他们作曲的创造力；musical composition - 音乐作品 Compositional (adj.) - 组成的；Composing (n.) - 作曲
Mastery / m st ri/ 掌握;精通 move you a little closer to true mastery - 让你更接近真正的精通；master of something - ...的大师 Masterful (adj.) - 精湛的；Master (v.) - 精通
Misstep / m sstep/ 失误;过失 occasional misstep - 偶尔的失误；slip up - 失误 Misstep (v.) - 失误；Misstep (adj.) - 错误的
Phenomenon /f nɑ m n n/ 现象;奇迹 the phenomenon is known as - 这种现象被称为；phenomenon of something - ...的现象 Phenomenal (adj.) - 现象的；Phenomenally (adv.) - 不可思议地
Perfectionism /p fek n z m/ 完美主义;完美主义倾向 missed with perfectionism - 与完美主义相去甚远；perfectionist tendencies - 完美主义倾向 Perfectionist (adj.) - 完美主义的；Perfectionistic (adj.) - 完美主义倾向的
Recall /r k l/ 回忆;召回 better recall - 更好的回忆；recall the past - 回忆过去 Recalled (adj.) - 回忆起的；Recall (v.) - 召回
Unintentional / n n t n nl/ 非故意的;无意的 unintentional failures - 非故意的失败；unintentional mistake - 无意的错误 Unintentionally (adv.) - 非故意地；Unintentionalness (n.) - 无意性
序号 高级词组搭配 例句及翻译
1 Deliberate error/mistake The artist made a deliberate error in the painting to emphasize a point. (艺术家在画中故意出错，以突出一个观点。)
2 Unwanted confusion The unclear instructions led to unwanted confusion among the team members. (不清晰的说明导致团队成员之间产生了不必要的困惑。)
3 Relax one of the constraints The chef decided to relax one of the constraints in the recipe to experiment with new flavors. (厨师决定放松配方中的一项限制，以尝试新的风味。)
4 Fuel their creativity for composition The workshop aimed to fuel students' creativity for composition by exploring unconventional techniques. (工作坊旨在通过探索非传统的技巧来激发学生作曲的创造力。)
5 Move you a little closer to true mastery Each practice session will move you a little closer to true mastery of the piano. (每个练习都会让你离钢琴的真正精通更近一步。)
6 Occasional misstep Making an occasional misstep is inevitable on the path to success. (在成功的道路上偶尔犯错是不可避免的。)
7 Phenomenon is known as The unusual behavior of the birds in winter is a phenomenon known as murmuration. (冬季鸟类的异常行为是一种被称为鸟群飞行的现象。)
8 Missed with perfectionism He missed many opportunities with perfectionism because he hesitated to take action until everything was flawless. (他因为完美主义而错过了许多机会，因为他等到一切都完美无缺才采取行动。)
9 Better recall Regular review of the material leads to better recall during exams. (定期复习材料会在考试时带来更好的回忆。)
10 Unintentional failures/mistake The unintentional failure of the experiment provided valuable insights for future research. (实验的无意失败为未来的研究提供了宝贵的见解。)
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【D篇单词拓展总结】
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