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专题16 如何实现句式升级
1. With+身体部位的动作（手，眼睛，脚等）
With my feet numb and shivering, sb did sth
2. Without+想法（犹豫，三思）
Without thinking twice, sb did sth
3. With+情绪、心情
With a joyful heart, sb did sth
4. With+表情及状态
With a furious frown on her face, sb did sth
5. With+时间流逝
With time going by, sb did sth
6. With+别人的鼓励，指导
With Joan and Samir inspiring Maya, sb did sth
1. The horse meandered through the lonesome pines, with me continuing to scan the horizon for a familiar landmark. 马蜿蜒穿过人烟稀少的松林，而我继续环视寻找熟悉的地标。(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语，用来描写“我”此时的行为, continue…与me之间是主动关系, 故用现在分词形式。)
2. With tears streaming down his cheek, he replied, “ I did try. I really tried.” 眼泪顺着他的脸颊流下，他回答说：“我尝试过了。我真的试过了。”(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语，用来刻画人物的表情，stream down…与tears之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。)
3. With the boy leading the way, we finally found the splendid hotel. 因为有男孩带路，我们最终找到了那家豪华酒店。(“with复合结构”在句中作原因状语，用来叙述情节，the boy与lead之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语leading…说明the boy。)
4. With the sky turning dark gradually, Jane got lost in the forest. 天逐渐变黑，所以简在森林中迷路了。(“with复合结构”在句中作原因状语, 用来推动情节,the sky与turn之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语turning…说明 the sky。)
1. The rooms were full of children with lanterns fastened on oak paneled walls. 橡木墙上挂着灯笼的房间充满了小孩。(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语, 用来描写房间的装饰, lanterns与fasten之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语fastened…说明lanterns。)
2. As Abigail raced up the path to the animal exhibits, she was stopped by Derrick, with two chimpanzees cradled in his arms. 当Abigail沿着小路跑到动物展览馆时，她看到Derrick怀里抱着两只猩猩就停住了脚步。(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语，用来描写场景，chimpanzees与cradle之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语cradled…说chimpanzees。)
3. With all the things bought, she headed for home joyfully. 买完所有东西，她高兴地回家。(“with复合结构”在句中作原因状语，用来推动情节发展，things与buy之间是被动关系，故该处用过去分词bought。)
4. With her fingers cut, Joe burst into tears and her legs trembled. Joe的手被割伤，她突然大哭，腿抖着。(“with复合结构”在句中作原因状语, 用来推动情节发展, her fingers与cut之间是被动关系, 故该处用过去分词cut。)
1. He fell over this time, flat on his back with his legs wide. 他这次摔倒了，背部着地，双腿叉开。(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语，形容词wide说明his legs的状态, 刻画出人物摔倒后的画面。)
2. His wife lay in bed with her face pale. 他的妻子躺在床上，脸色苍白。(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语，形容词pale说明her face的状况，刻画出妻子虚弱的神态。)
3. With all　the things bought, she headed for home joyfully. 买完所有东西，她高兴地回家。(“with复合结构”在句中作原因状语，用来推动情节发展，things与buy之间是被动关系，故该处用过去分词bought。)
1. He fired the spray at the wolf with one　hand on　the　bars. 他用喷雾向狼喷过去，其中一只手扶着栏杆。(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语，介词短语on the bars说明one hand的放置之处, 以此来描写人物此时谨慎的动作。)
2. Upon arriving at the door of his home, he was surprised to discover that a little dog was watching him　curiously with the expression of shock on its　face. 一到家门前，他惊讶地发一只小狗正好奇地看着他，它脸上带着震惊的表情。(“with复合结构”在句中作伴随状语，介词短语on its face说明the expression of shock，以此来刻画小狗的神态。)
1. 动作和表情同时进行
Hearing that question, Joan creased into a polite smile.
2. 感官和动作同时进行
Hearing these words, Maya felt the warm current rising in her heart.
3. 心理和动作同时进行
Delightedly realizing that keeping a positive attitude is what really matters, she lifted the load off her soul.
4. 语言和动作同时进行
Surprised by her inquiry, John answered, “it feels like lying in a bed of warmth.”
5. 动作先后进行
Not having received any response, Maya said with her face reddening, “I’m sorry if you think I am rude.”
功能：doing形式所表达的动词与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
e.g.:1> Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.
2> His father died, leaving him a lot of money.
3> Ignoring her words, the man walked away quickly.
1.我小心翼翼地打开信,希望能找到一些有关钱包主人身份的线索。
I opened the letter carefully, hoping for some clue to the identity of the owner of the wallet.
2.他聚精会神地听着,咬着嘴唇,眼睛盯着地板。
He listened with close attention, biting his lips and staring at the floor.
3.“当然有圣诞老人啊”,奶奶说道,一边用手指拨弄着我的头发。
"Of course, there is a Santa Clause." Grandma said, stroking her fingers through my hair.
4.她感到累极了,坐在溪边,让疼痛的双脚放松一下。
She felt exhausted and sat by the stream, resting her aching feet.
5.Jane 觉得冷得无法忍受,精疲力竭,完全不知道该如何应对这种可怕的情况。
Feeling unbearably cold and extremely exhausted, Jane was quite at a loss as to how to cope with
the terrible situation.
6.他屏住呼吸,尽力不发出任何声音,免得让人知道他来了。
He held his breath, trying to not make the slightest sound that might betray his presence.
7.好奇心切,她从河岸边跑开,穿过田野去追兔子。
Burning with curiosity, she ran away from the riverbank and across the field to chase after the rabbit.
8.他痛苦地喘着气,强迫自己站了起来,迈着缓慢的步子,摇摇晃晃地开始走。
Gasping with pain, he forced himself to his feet and with slow, shaky steps, began to walk.
功能：done形式所表达的动词与主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
e.g.:1>Scolded by the teacher, he burst into tears.
2>A young man came to the police station, surrounded by a group of journalists.
1.他又沮丧又低落,低着头,走在队伍的最后。
Depressed and low-spirited, he walked at the end of the line with his head drooping.
2.她穿着圣诞老人的服装,悄悄溜进房间,没有被看到。
Dressed in a Santa Claus costume, she slipped into the room without being noticed.
3.Ronny 沉浸在强烈的恐惧感中,一句话也说不出来。
Immersed in a strong sense of scare, Ronny couldn't utter a single word.
功能：having done表示分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，常译为“在......之后；已经......了”。
e.g.:1>Having walked for quite a long time, she found herself lost.
2>Having failed three times, he didn’t want to try again.
1.在家整整复习了一个周末，他满怀信心地期待即将到来的考试。
Having reviewed his lessons for a whole weekend at home, he expected the coming exam with confidence.
2.她接连经历了那么多次失败后，终于振作起来了。
Having experienced so many failures one after another, she finally picked herself up.
3.在银行排队等了一个小时后，这个女人变得不耐烦，然后离开了。
Having waited in line for an hour at the bank, the woman grew impatient and left.
4.她在街上漫无目的地逛上好几个小时，感到有点饿，想吃点东西。
Having wondered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.
5.说出真相后，他心里轻松了很多，心情放松地回家了。
Having told the truth, he felt easier in his mind and returned home with a lighter heart.
6.做好充分准备后，她站在窗边，期待着女儿的到来。
Having made full preparations, she stood by the window, expecting the arrival of her daughter.
1. 情绪名词(e.g. joy,fear) +非谓语动词(e.g. well up, flood, creep over), 主语+谓语动词
A ripple of delight filling her heart, Maya glanced at her picture.
2. 身体部位或反应 (e.g. face, laughter)+非谓语动词(e.g. well up, roll, light up), 主语+谓语动词
Her face reddening and the sweat rolling down, Maya made a sincere apology.
Tears of gratitude welling up in her eyes, she hugged Joan tightly.
3. 物品名词+非谓语动词, 主语+谓语动词
Her glasses broken, she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard.
这种构成形式，其内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。如：
①The girl staring at him, he didn't know what to say.
=As the girl stared at him, he didn't know what to say.姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。
②Time permitting, we will go for an outing tomorrow.
= If time permits, we will go for an outing tomorrow.如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。
→ Her heart still racing, she reached over and turned up the oil lamp that rested beside her canopied bed.
→ Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
→ Time going on, everything has changed.
→ The final exam drawing near, your parents will not properly allow you to listen to music.
该构成形式，内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。如：
①The problems solved, the quality has been improved.
=As the problems were solved, the quality has been improved.
随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。
②Her glasses broken, she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
=Because her glasses were broken, she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。
→ He played the piano intently, eyes closed.
→ The signal given, the train started.
→ New words explained, the text became easier for us to learn.
→ The test finished, we began our holiday.
→ The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
→ The work done, we went home.
此结构常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态。如：
①An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive.
那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
②So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.
这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
→ He entered the room, his nose red with cold.
→ He sat in the front row, his mouth half open.
→ Conditions better, the patient can leave the hospital.
→ Sunday OK, we'd like to go outing.
此结构常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态。如：
①He put on his sweater, wrong side out.
他把毛衣穿反了。
②The meeting over, they all went home.
会议一结束，他们就都回家了。
→ Dinner over, we decided to play bridge.
→ The play still on, you can wait a while.
该结构常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态。如：
The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand.
The boy goes to the classroom, and a book was in his hand.
那男孩手里拿着书去教室。
注意：
使用介词的问题：独立主格结构中，由名词+介词短语构成，若介词是in时，一般说来，其前后的两个名词均不加任何附加成分，如物主代词或冠词，也不用复数。如：
①The old man stood under a large tree, pipe in mouth.
那个老人站在大树下，口里含着烟斗。
②Two militiamen quickly passed by us, rifle in hand.
两个民兵手里拿着步枪，迅速地从我们旁边走过去。
③A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
一个强盗手持钢刀冲进了房间。
〖注〗如果是其他介词则没有这种限定。如：
He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
他从图书馆出来，腋下夹着一大本书。
→ The boy followed the nobleman here, sword in hand.
→ He left the office, tears in eyes.
→ He went off, gun in hand.
①His first shot failure, he fired again.
他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。
②Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.
两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。
③The doctor has two daughters, one a nurse, the other an engineer.
那位医生有两个女儿，一位是护士，一位是工程师。
名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主动关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。如：
①He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。
②They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore.
他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。
③He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food.
他建议去野餐，玛丽来提供食物。
①There being nothing else to do, we went home.
没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。
②There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.
没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。
→ There being no bus, we had to walk home.
→ There being no money at hand, he had to borrow some to buy his wife a present.
①It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.
由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。
②It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.
由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。
③It being Sunday, the library doesn't open.
1.主句, which enable/force/allow sb to do（主句为先行词，定语从句表达主句导致的原因或结果）
Initially, I was in sheer desperation, which almost beat me down.
2.主句, which make sb+感情adj（主句为先行词，定语从句表达主句带来的情感影响）
“When I live in a wheelchair, the pace of my life becomes slower, which makes me aware of the beauty in my life.” said Joan.
3.主语, who...., 谓语+其他成分（定语从句补充说明人物心理或情绪）
The boy, who was feeling extremely guilty, apologized for his words.
1. The farm on which the boys lived was a small dairy farm where milking the cows was a daily routine both early morning and at night. 为了具体地描写小男孩在奶牛场的工作状况，设置故事背景，该句用“where”引导的定语从句修饰“dairy farm”。
2. Seeing the injured dog, Grace came to a situation where she couldn't help crying. 为了描写Grace看到受伤的小狗时的心情状态，该句用 “where” 引导的定语从句修饰抽象的地点 “a situation”。
拓展：“where”引导的定语从句可修饰的抽象地点名词有：situation情况，状况；stage阶段; point地步; position位置; case情况，案例等。
1. As Elli and I cooked dinner, we noticed our sister, who was playing in a nearby lake, delightedly chatting with her friends. 为了具体描写妹妹的行为，用“who”引导定语从句补充说明妹妹此时的状况，从句中“chatting with…”作伴随状语。
1. Struggling in the water, I was almost exhausted, which made me far away from my boat. 在水中挣扎后“我”感到很累，为了突出“这会导致我离船太远”这一结果，该句使用了“which”指代前面整件事来推动情节。
Realizing it was a good chance to carry out his plan,Hilary doubled the amount of the medicine, which would surely put his aunt to sleep forever.意识到这是执行计划的好机会，Hilary将药量加倍，为了引出“这会使他的阿姨永远沉睡”这一结果，该句使用了“which”指代前面整件事来推动情节。
1. Suddenly, she hurried to the shop, from which she bought the beautiful pearl. 她跑去的商店是她买漂亮项链的地方, 为了阐述背景, 该句使用 “from which” 引导的定语从句，此时 “which” 指代 “the shop”。
2. The surgery took some hours, after which the doctor went out happily, “Thank you! Goodness! Your son is saved!” 手术结束后，
医生宣布孩子得救。为了增强句子在时间上的逻辑性，该句使用了“after which”引导的定语从句, 此时“which”指代前面整件事。
1.what+情绪类动词+sb was that ...
What surprised Maya was that Samir broke into a smile and said, “I will always stand by your side.”
2.what (counts/matters/impresses me) most is that … (用于突出某件事的重要性)
3.what I could do/say is to …
What we need to do is to focus on our life without caring about others’ opinions.
4.It occurred to/dawned on/hit her that …(突然认识到某一个事实或真相)
功能：为避免头重脚轻，英语中习惯将真正的主语放在句尾，句首用it作形式主语。
What引导的主语从句常用作句型：最令某人印象深刻/吃惊/震惊的是......
1.It suddenly occurred to him that the family inside was in danger.
2.What impressed him most is that his mother never lost faith in finding him.
1.我从未想到我们学校的篮球队会在决赛中败北。
It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.
2.我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
It struck me all of a sudden that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
3.重要的是，我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情。
It is important that we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.
4.据说学习中心会提供帮助给像我这样的学生。
It is said that the Learning Center provides help for students like me.
5.他是否能参加这次活动还不确定。
It is uncertain whether he can take part in the activity or not.
6.众所周知，有志者事竟成。
It is known to all that Where is a will, there is a way.
7.它是否昂贵并不重要。
It doesn’t matter whether it is expensive or not.
8.不足为怪你在汉语学习中取得如此大的进步。
It is no wonder that you have made such great progress in your Chinese study.
9.因此，不用说是这句箴言给我带来了动力和鼓励。
Therefore, it goes without saying that it is this motto that brings me motivation and encouragement.
10.最使你感兴趣的是，考试时我真的既紧张又烦躁。
What may interest you most is that I am really nervous and upset when taking the exam.
功能：that引导的同位语从句，对前面的抽象名词（fact, news, truth, idea, word, suggestion...）进行解释说明
1.The fact that she didn't like me really hurt me.
2.They were shocked at the news that their hometown had been flooded.
1.Harry完全不知道他们在说什么。
Harry doesn't have the slightest idea what they are talking about.
2.他们应该再次尝试的想法值得考虑。
The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.
3.我们一起来讨论这个话题的主意真是让我松了一口气。
The idea that we discuss the topic together is really a relief to me.
4.尽管训练生活很辛苦，但我珍惜每一个幸福时刻。
I enjoy every happy moment despite the fact that training life is rally difficult.
5.他竞赛获得一等奖的消息传来， 我们又高兴又激动。
Word came that he had won the first prize in the competition, making us delighted and excited.
6.一想到她的努力可能会付之东流，她就悲痛难忍。
She is seized with sorrow at the thought that her efforts might be in vain.
7.想到我们可能在这样的黑暗中迷了路，我吓得浑身发抖。
The thought that we might have got lost in such darkness sent shivers down my spine.
8.Jack脑海里涌起一个可怕的想法，这个人可能会为了偷房子里的贵重物品而伤害这家人。
The awful thought crowded in Jack's mind that the man could probably do harm to the family in order to steal precious belongings in the house.
9. Jack突然想到一个主意，他可以扔一些石头到房子里，把这家人吵醒。
An idea flashed into Jack's mind that he could wake the family by throwing some stones into the house.
10.我接受了父亲的建议，要成为一名医生，虽然我对这样的前途毫无把握。
I accepted my father's suggestion that I should become a doctor, though the prospect I'm not sure at all.
1.I’ll do a good job in whatever I do.
2.As a new graduate, he doesn’t know what it takes to start a business now.
1.我想知道你是否能告诉我有关活动的更多的信息。
I am wondering if you could tell me more about this activity.
2.如果你能在最方便时候回复我将感激不尽。
I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
Depressed and helpless, Maya burst into tears.（表原因）
Maya was encouraged by Joan’s smile, full of confidence in her future.（表结果）
Embarrassed but determined, she explained her brace for a leg disease to Samir and waited for his reaction, rubbing her hands in anxiety.（表伴随）
用法说明：
1. 形容词指的是人的状态，因此用形容词作状语主语必须是有这个心情的人；
2. 增色表达：在形容词前面加上表示“非常”的副词，如：Extremely depressed…
3.常用短语：be aware of/be aware that/be determined to do/ be full of/be curious to do/be eager to do/be sorry to do
4.描述心理，短小精悍，可以避免堆砌太多心理描写。
1. Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty. (2016年10月浙江卷) （Jane起身时的状态是“又饿又渴”。为了表达这种状态, 该句使用了形容词短语hungryand thirsty作伴随状语。）
2. Bernard was greatly encouraged by John and other boys, full of confidence in his plan.（Bernard被几个男孩鼓励之后对计划充满了信心。为了突出这一结果，该句使用了形容词短语full of…作结果状语。）
3. At the end of the day, he came home with the money he earned, quite happy. (他赚到钱回家了，内心非常高兴。为了表达这种状态，该句使用了形容词短语quite happy作伴随状语。)
4. To his mother's relief, the little boy came back from the dangerous situation, safe and sound. (小男孩脱离了险境，安然无恙。为了表达这种状态，该句使用了形容词短语safe and sound作伴随状语。)
5. Then, Jane stood there still, ready to give Tom a huge hug.（Jane一动不动站在那儿的同时，内心准备好了要给Tom一个大大的拥抱。为了突出这种心理活动，该句使用了形容词短语ready to…作伴随状语。）
1. Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew.(2020年7月浙江卷) （我和Elli努力采取措施抵抗黑熊的过程中，内心很害怕。为了突出这种心理状态，该句使用了形容词terrified作伴随状语。）
2. Deep in thought, Mary had sat still against the door for more than 20minutes. (Mary倚门坐着的同时，状态是沉思。为了表达这种状态，该句使用了形容词短语deep in thought作伴随状语。)
3. Depressed and helpless, Eric couldn't control his emotion any longer and burst into tears. (Eric突然大哭是因为沮丧和无助。为了突出这一原因，该句使用了形容词短语depressed and helpless作原因状语。)
4. Curious to know what was happening inside, Eric pushed the door open and slipped into the house. (Eric推门进房子的原因是好奇。为了突出这一原因, 该句使用了形容词短语curious to…作原因状语。)
［发现规律］
形容词(短语)作伴随状语时，既可以在主谓结构的前面，也可以在后面，即两种句型都可以。作原因状语时，在前面，用句型二。作结果状语时，在后面，用句型一。
［拓展知识］
请记住形容词作状语结构中常用的表示情感类的形容词。高兴的/开心的：happy,cheerful, joyful, delighted, pleased, overjoyed；激动的：excited,thrilled；满意的：content, satisfied；担心的：afraid, worried, anxious；沮丧的/失望的/绝望的：upset,low in spirits, disappointed, discouraged, depressed, frustrated, desperate；害怕的/恐惧的：afraid,fearful, frightened, terrified, scared；迷惑的：puzzled, confused；惊讶的：surprised,amazed, astonished, shocked；感动的：moved, touched；感恩的：thankful, grateful；自豪的：proud；疲惫的：tired,exhausted等。
It was you and Joan who taught me to be confident.
It is the leg brace that helps me walk more steadily and smoothly.
It was her words that lifted up the sun in Maya’s heart as if he had brought warm spring and brushed the chill.
It was only when she heard Joan’s words that she realized that we need to cheer up and live a positive life.
功能：强调主语、宾语、状语时常用：It is/was+强调部分+that+其他部分。
e.g:(1) It was for the first time that I had felt so happy to see so many friends.
(2) It was you that/who gave me confidence to learn English .
1.直到我遇到你，我才知道真正的幸福。
2.决定我们一生的，不是我们的能力，而是我们的选择。
3.就是她，不仅激励了残疾人，也激励了无数健康的人。
4.正是在那个公园里孩子们看见了那些漂亮的花吗？
5.是什么时候你下定决心要当一名志愿者老师的？
答案
1.It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.
2.It is our choices that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.
3.It was she that inspired not only the disabled but also countless healthy people.
4.Was it in that park that the children saw the beautiful flowers
5.When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher
功能：强调谓语动词，常常借助于助动词：do/did/does+动词原形，意为“的确、千万......”e.g:I do like English
1.我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。
We did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
1. Not until+时间状语+ did sb realize/notice that … 直到……才……(强调某人最后的觉悟)
Not until Samir explained the reason did Maya realize that she misunderstood Samir’s intention.
2. So+adj.+ be sb. that +句子 如此……以至于……
So impressive was Maya that the moment he heard those words he gave Joan a big hug.
3. adj./adv./v.+as+主谓, 主句… 尽管……
Cold as the weather was, the seed in Maya’s heart was growing up and became a little green bud which gave her bravery to face other’s judgments.
4. not only … but also … 不仅……而且……
Not only did the brace decorated by butterflies offer Maya the ability to walk, but also it served as a reminder of love and care from Joan and Samir.
5. No sooner had sb done sth than sb did sth. 一……就……
No sooner had the old lady heard the words than she cracked into a smile.
功能：为了强调某种情绪，可以使用so..that倒装结构。
e.g.:1. During the exam, so nervous was I that my mind went blank.
2. So excited was he that he couldn't go to sleep.
1.我震惊得睁大眼睛， 目瞪口呆。
So shocked was I that I was dumbfounded with my eyes wide open.
2.他非常绝望，借酒消愁。
So desperate was he that he drowned his sadness.
3.她心事太重，因此没听到妈妈的问题。
So busily engaged was her mind that she failed to hear her mother 's question.
4.他的吼叫声实在太猛烈、太可怕，吓得小猫从他身旁跳开了。
So fierce and dreadful was his roar that the cat jumped away from him in alarm.
功能：为了强调动作发生的时间，可以使用not...until... 倒装结构。
e.g.:1. Not until the fire die out did he wake up.
2. Not until he climbed into bed was he free to think about it.
1.直到那只免子完全消失在我们的视线中，我们才不追了。
Not until the rabbit got completely out of sight did we stop chasing after it.
2.直到那时Megan才说出了困扰她一整天的事。
Not until then did Megan poured out what had been disturbing her the whole day.
功能：为了强调时间、地点，将时间、地点状语放在句首，使用全倒装结构。
e.g.:1. Now comes your turn to make a short speech.
2. On the top of the mountain sat a giant man.
1.黑暗中传来一个他从来没有听过的声音。
Out of the darkness came a voice he had never heard before.
2.他的脑中闪过一位英雄战士的形象。
Through his mind flashed the image of a heroic fighter.
3.站在前门的是Jane的丈夫，他在找不到Jane的时候非常焦急。
At the front door stood Jane’s husband who suffered great anxiety when she was nowhere to be found.
4.他僵硬的脸上有一种恐惧和仇恨的表情。
On his rigid face there stood an expression of horror and hatred.
5.在她的前面是另一条长长的通道，她正好看到免子匆匆向远处跑去。
In front of her was another long passage and she just managed to catch sight of the rabbit hurrying down it.
功能：为了突出强调表语内容，可以使用such引导的全部倒装结构。
e.g.:1. Such is our home in the future.
2. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist.
1.这就是“有志者事竞成”这个真理。
Such is the truth that where there is a will, there is a way.
2.这就是成功的秘诀，多一点点努力，多一点点决心，你就能创造出多一点点的奇迹。
Such is the key to success---a little bit more efforts and a little bit more determination will create a little bit more miracle.

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