资源简介

(共27张PPT)
阅读理解
长难句分析
选自高考真题阅读
——2024年3月7日
That THAT that that boy wrote on the blackboard
is wrong.
是什么让这个句子难以理解？
从句，介词短语等修饰成份是造成长难句的罪魁祸首！
找主干方法：括号法
主干：That that is wrong
①去繁存简抓主干
认清“三长两短一并列”，找到主干。
三长
介词短语
从句
非谓语
两短
形容词
副词
一并列
并列句
括号标记
(名从充当主干）
不做标记
框出并列词，往后看找出并列成份并标
※ 同位语、插入语、强调句、省略句、倒装句的嵌套
（2023年全国乙卷 C篇）Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
三长
介词短语
从句
非谓语
两短
形容词
副词
一并列
并列句
括号标记
(名从充当主干）
不做标记
框出并列词，往后看并标记并列成分
①去繁存简抓主干
(Even though Britain has a reputation)( for less-than-impressive cuisine）, it is producing more top class chefs （who appear frequently）（ on our television screens） and （whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists）.
本句主干
②按照顺序译意群
运用词汇及语法知识,借助连接词/引导词等将长句分解成若干意群并直译
引导条件让步状语从句
引导定语从句
引导定语从句
(Even though Britain has a reputation)( for less-than-impressive cuisine）, it is producing more top class chefs （who appear frequently）（ on our television screens） and （whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists）.
③调整语序明句意
合理调整语序，使句意表达通顺。
尽管英国的菜肴有个不怎么样的名声，但是它培养了越来越多顶级厨师，他们经常出现在电视屏幕上，他们的食谱经常在畅销书列表上名列前茅。
长难句理解三步走：
①去繁存简抓主干(括号法)
认清“三长两短一并列”，找到主干。
②按照顺序译意群
运用词汇及语法知识,借助连接词/引导词将长句分解成若干意群并直译
③调整语序明句意
合理调整语序，使句意表达通顺。
Conclusion
【2022新课标Ⅰ卷D篇阅读理解】
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals(唇音）, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth
三长
介词短语
从句
非谓语
两短
形容词
副词
一并列
并列句
括号标记
(名从充当主干）
不做标记
框出并列词，往后看并标记并列成分
引导宾语从句（充当主干）
【2022新课标Ⅰ卷D篇阅读理解】
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth (of ancient human adults) were aligned (对齐), (making it hard )(to produce labiodentals)(唇音）, (which are formed)( by touching the lower lip )(to the upper teeth)
本句主干
他们发现，古代人类成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，这样很难发出由下唇接触上齿而形成的唇音。
引导定语从句
Practice
2
找出以下句子的主干并翻译句子
【2023新课标Ⅰ卷B篇】A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.
A dirty stream, （for example）, often became clear （after flowing)
(through plants and along rocks )(where tiny creatures lived).
句子主干
插入语（需要调整语序），先看两头
引导定语从句
例如，一条污浊的小溪，在流经植物和微小生物栖息的岩石后，通常会变得清澈。
(2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·D篇)
The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into maller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
请找出以下句子的主干并翻译句子
(2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·D篇)
The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into maller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
请找出以下句子的主干并翻译句子
双星报喜（Pair Check）：交换习作，互相称赞对方做的好/对的地方，或提出
修订意见。
The key finding (of the study) was that （when crowds were further divided）（into smaller groups ）(that were allowed to have a discussion), the averages (from these groups) were more accurate （than those ）（from
an equal number） (of independent individuals).
本句主干
引导表语从句（充当主干）
引导时间状语从句
引导定语从句
修饰先行词
指代
这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为可以进行讨论的更小的群体时，这些群体的平均值会比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。
真题演练
3
(2023年全国乙卷·32) If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
◇ What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. How past events should be presented.
B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words.
D. Why written language is reliable.
（If you want to tell the history） (of the whole world),
a history （that does not privilege one part） (of humanity), you cannot do it (through texts alone), （because only some of the world has ever had texts, （while most of the world, (for most of the time)， has not）.
引导条件状语从句
同位语
引导定语从句
主句
引导原因状语从句
引导表转折的并列句
如果你想讲述全球的历史，一段不偏袒任何人类某一部分的历史，仅仅通过文字记载是不够的，因为世界上只有部分地区曾经有过文字记载，而大多数地区在大部分时期都没有文字。
Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
书写是人类的后期成就之一，直到最近，即使是许多有文字的社会也不仅仅通过文字来记录他们关心的事情，也通过物品来表达。
A. How past events should be presented.
B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words.
D. Why written language is reliable.
◇ What is the first paragraph mainly about
A
长难句理解三步走：
①去繁存简抓主干(括号法)
认清“三长两短一并列”，找到主干。
②按照顺序译意群
运用词汇及语法知识,借助连接词/引导词将长句分解成若干意群并直译
③调整语序明句意
合理调整语序，使句意表达通顺。
Conclusion
感谢聆听
2024年3月7日
【2022年Ⅰ卷D篇】This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved(进化) around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
4.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A.It is key to effective communication.　　　
B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C.It is a complex and dynamic system.　　　
D.It drives the evolution of human beings.
(2023年全国Ⅱ卷·12)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A. Pocket parks are now popular.
B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C. Many cities are overpopulated.
D. People enjoy living close to nature.
(2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·C篇) The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
make the case 提出论据
请找出以下句子的主干并翻译句子
The goal (of this book) is to make the case for digital minimalism, （including a detailed exploration ）(of what it asks and why it works), and then to teach you (how to adopt this philosophy )(if you decide ）（it’s right for you).
.
本句主干
连接两个不定式短语作表语
分词短语作后置定语
修饰
and连接的两个宾语从句, 作介词of的宾语
条件状
语从句
宾语从句
这本书的目的在于为数字极简主义提供论据，包括详细探讨对它的要求及它为什么有效，然后在你认为它适合你的情况下，教你如何运用这种哲学。
Group Work（2mins）
(2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·C篇) In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
请找出以下句子的主干并翻译句子
双星报喜（Pair Check）：交换习作，互相称赞对方做的好/对的地方，或提出
修订意见。
(In part one), I describe the philosophical foundations
(of digital minimalism), （starting with an examination）
（of the forces ）(that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable),（before moving on to a detailed discussion )(of the digital minimalism philosophy).
为v.-ing形式作方式状语
名师指津
句子主干
引导一个定语从句
修饰先行词
介词短语作时间状语
(In part (In part one), I describe the philosophical foundations (of digital minimalism), {starting with an examination ［of the forces (that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly untolerable)］},［before moving on to a detailed discussion (of the digital minimalism philosophy)］.
在第一部分里，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，在详细探讨了什么是数字极简主义哲学前，首先分析了让许多人的数字生活越来越难以忍受的力量。

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