资源简介

(共101张PPT)
UNIT 4
Body Language
Understand body language
1 Choose five sentences and act them out without speaking. Can your partner guess what you are trying to communicate
2 Read the text and fill in the table on page 39
LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.
Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
For example, making eye contact-looking into someone's eyes-in some countries is a way to display interest. in other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. in Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
The gesture for "OK" has different meanings in different cultures, in Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.
There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.
In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.
Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere.
Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means "sleep".
A good way of saying “I am full" is moving your hand in circles over yours stomach after a meal.
Some body language has many different uses, Perhaps the best example is smiling.
A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
A smile can break down bariers. We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation.
Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger,
And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
③ Read the text again, and then discuss these questions.
1 How is the body language mentioned in the text interpreted in China
2 Can you think of an example of body language that is appropriate in China but might be misunderstood in another culture
3 What advice on body language can you give a foreign friend on his/her first trip to China
④ Watch the video Smile Trial, and then discuss the questions in groups.
1 Smiles can be used to hide feelings like anger, fear, or worry. Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don't mean it
2 Apart from fake smiles, is there any other kind of body language that can sometimes be fake
3 Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings, their body language or the words they speak
Build up your vocabulary
① Fill in the table with different forms of the words. Refer to a dictionary if necessary.
②Work out the meanings of the underlined words in the sentences below. In pairs, list more words of the same kind.
1 I rest my head on the desk to get some rest.
2 The child displayed great interest in the huge fireworks display.
3 Most students favour the plan, while their teachers are not in favour of it.
4 Jeremy witnessed the whole incident and was expected to be the key witness at the trial.
5 His lack of eye contact when talking with people shows that he lacks confidence.
6 When he noticed a slight frown on his twin sister's face, he frowned as well.
3 Read the passage about body language. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box.
by contrast by comparison break down interaction demonstrate approve of clue gesture
When we think about nonverbal behaviour, or body language, we think about communication.When we think about communication, we think about____________. So what is our body language __________________to others Social scientists have spent a lot of time looking at the effects of our body language.
We make assessments and inference from body language. And according to those judgement we_______________one person and dislike another. So body language provides external___________that are influenced by internal thoughts and feelings. Scientists have found that when we feel proud and powerful, we usually straighten up to make ourselves bigger.
________________，when we feel powerless, we tend to slump, making ourselves smaller. it is obvious that our minds can influence our bodies. But is it also true that our bodies can affect our minds Scientific experiments show that if we make powerful______________long enough, we may actually feel more powerful.
People who remember to use positive body language are more likely to feel positive________________,so some scientists suggest that we useour bodies to try power posing to help________________our feelings of shyness and poweressness.
Discover useful structures
① Look at the examples below, paying attention to the italicised parts. Find other examples from the reading text.
She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures. (object)
The crucial thing is using body language in a way ... (predicative)
② Complete the sentences using the -ing form of the words and phrases in the box. Two are extra. Then state their functions.
1 Bill's job is__________sign language.
2 The theme of his presentation is___________barriers between groups.
3 By___________,we mean “bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame".
4 ____________________three kilometres of heavy traffic took me almost 25 minutes.
5 We intended to visit the theme park but ended up ____________Professor Zhang.
③ Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box. Can you add more examples to explain how you read body language
challenging
to consider the whole picture
lying
maintain
④ Talk about the body language you can read from the following pictures. Use at least one -ing form for each picture.
Explore body language
1 Look at these photos and discuss what you think each person is communicating
2 Discuss when and where people need to use body language to communicate effectively.
3 Listen to a conversation about body language. Then answer the following questions.
1 How did the man get the idea of using gestures to communicate
2 What did the police leader tell his team by using gestures
3 What did the woman say about the acting classes that she's been taking
4 What did the man mean by saying "it's good you tried" at the end of the conversation
4 Listen to the conversation again. Are the following statements correct inferences from the conversation
1 The two speakers are married.
2 Making too many gestures in communication is not polite.
3 The police team were probably successful in catching the criminals.
4 Both speakers think body language is useful.
5 The woman is not very confident about her silent acting ability.
⑤Act out a scene using only body language to communicate. You may follow these steps to complete your performance.
1 Form into groups of four. One of you is the performer, and the others are observers.
2 The performer writes down a situation and some messages to convey through body language.
3 The performer acts out the scene and the observers individually write down their thoughts without talking to anyone else.
4 The actor reveals the situation and messages, and the group compares notes. Use the table below to clarify any misunderstandings or different answers.
Asking for and giving clarification
Pronunciation
①Read the quotes and notice the pause after each sense group.
1 There are four ways, | and only four ways, in which we have contact with the world. | We are evaluated and classified | by these four contacts | what we do, | how we look, | what we say, | and how we say it.
Dale Carnegie
2 If language was given to men | to conceal their thoughts, | then gesture's purpose | was to disclose them.
John Napier
3 Body language is a powerful tool. | We had body language | before we had speech,| and apparently, | 80% of what you understand in a conversation | is read through the, |not the words.
Deborah Bullbody
②Read this passage. Then mark "|" where it needs a pause.
Life is a stage, and we are all actors. This is also true when you are in a foreign land. Acting can help you communicate even if you do not know the language.
生活是一个舞台，我们都是演员。当你在异国他乡时也是如此。即使你不懂语言，表演也能帮助你沟通。
For instance, one day a Chinese lady who was babysitting her grandchild in America went to a supermarket to buy some beef, She was confused to see all kinds of meat there and did not know which ones were beef. She asked a clerk by putting both hands up and saying "Moo! Moo!" The lady got what she wanted even without saying a word of English.
Describe classroom body language
① Look at the questions. Then read the text on page 44 and try to answer them.
1 How does the teacher know what students are thinking
2 According to the teacher, what is some students' favourite activity
3 What does the phrase "who knows what" mean
4 Why does the teacher think body language is important
HOW DO I KNOW MY STUDENTS
As an educator, people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students. Many students are quite shy and don't speak all that much, At the same time, in a classroom of more than forty students, it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person,
So, how can I really know what makes each student tick
My answer I look at their body language.
It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson. Most tend to look up and make eye contact.
When I make a joke, they smile. When I talk about something diffcult, they look confused.
I know when students are really interested, however, because they learn forward and look at me. People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.
lf two friends are leaning their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an absence of eye contact. Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distant expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.
Some students are amused by something else. They spend all their time looking anywhere but at me.
Then again, some students’ favourite activity is daydreaming.
With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
They are certainly interested in something, but who knows what, The main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class.
While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies. Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown. They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work, It could be that she is having serious conflicts with other students or at home.
Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on.
Ultimately, my duty is helping every student to learn. Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities, when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually, so they can all get the most out of school.
Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher.
2 Match the body language with the meanings. Write the letters A-J on the lines.
3 Look at the following photos. In groups, discuss what these people are doing and what their body language is telling you.
4 Draw someone you know. Show his/her body language in your drawing.
5 Write a passage to describe the body language of the person in your drawing, and explain what his/her body language tells us.
6 Exchange your draft with a partner.
1 Use the checklist to help you review your partner's draft.
√ Is the person properly identified
√ Is the description clear
√ Does the writer give his/her impressions of the feelings and personality of the person in the drawing, and also explain why he/she has these impressions
√ Does the writer use correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling
2 Take your draft back and revise it.
7 Share your drawing and description with the rest of the class.
Assessing Your Progress
1 How important is body language Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box to find out.
There are three ______________ in any face-to-face communication: words, tone of voice, and body language. It is said that most of what we communicate with others is nonverbal. So when ___________ with people, _______________the message conveyed by body language is_________.
components
interacting
perceiving
crucial
You cannot succeed in business and social encounters if you employ inappropriate body language. For example, ____________someone too long can be interpreted as a threat, standing too close may cause_______________ and uneasiness, and touching your neck when talking to probably ________________ that you feel nervous and ________ confidence.
staring at
embarrassment
demonstrates
lack
Sometimes others body language speaks louder than words.
2 Decide whether each verb in its -ing form functions as a subject (S), object [0)predicative (P), or attribute (A).
1 Seeing is believing.
2 A man cannot be robbed of his learning.
3 Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
4 After staying in the sleeping bag the whole night, l really needed to stretch my legs.
5 You should have been more careful. She started coughing and sneezing yesterday.
6 One may agree that in a conversation, listening is as powerful as loving.
7 After a long day she looked forward to putting her feet up with a nice cup of tea.
8 Isabella really put her back into learning Chinese. She wants to start living in China in two or three months.
9 Fishing in troubled waters may cause even more problems.
REFLECTING
Which body language in this unit do you use most often Does it have the same meaning as in the text
What do you think you could do to communicate better with other people
Do you think you will be able to tell more from reading others' body language from now on
What problems did you or your friends have in studying this unit How did you solve them
What advice did you give each other
Overall, l thought this unit was
□ interesting □ useful □ so-so □ difficult.
*Project: Make a body language information sheet
1 In groups, brainstorm a list of different kinds of body language. Use the information from this unit, your own experience and knowledge, and/or the website excerpt below.
Standing with one's hands on one's hips shows that a person is angry in many cultures, such as Malaysia, Argentina, and Mexico.
Many Mexicans like to touch people on the arm. This shows that they want to be friendly.
When communicating with someone from Tanzania or Kenya, do not use your left hand when giving or receiving things like a business card or gift.
In Vietnamese culture, the head is considered the most important part of the body. Only parents or an important person can touch your head.
If a Lebanese person stands close to you, do not feel that they are entering your personal space.
Personal space is relatively smaller in Lebanon and many other places.
In Korean culture, one must be careful not to show too much emotion through facial expressions, except in very casual situations.
Koreans may tend to distrust people who use exaggerated facial expressions, or may misunderstand what those facial expressions mean.
People of Puerto Rico move their noses to say, "What's going on here "
2 Based on your list, research online to discover what the same kinds of body language mean in different cultures.
3 Each group should come up with its own body language information sheet like the example below. Drawings and/or photos can be added to show what the different forms of body language look like.
Video Time
在电影《移民》中，查理·卓别林扮演了一个习惯于在不同国家生活的移民。
WHILE YOU WATCH
Think about the answers to these questions.
1 Why does Chaplin keep putting money into the woman's pocket and taking it out
He wants to give her some money , but cannot decide if he wants togive her all of his money, or keep some of the money for himself.
2 Were does Chaplin get the money to eat at the restaurant
He finds a coin on the ground.
3 Why does the waiter become angry with Chaplin
Because Chaplin has not taken off his hat.
4 Why does the man sitting next to Chaplin become angry with him
Because of Chaplin's sloppy eating habits.
5 Can Chaplin pay the restaurant bill in the end
We don't know from the video clip.
AFTER YOU WATCH
Work in groups. Finish the following activities.
1 Write a script, assign roles, and "dub" the scene.
2 Discuss if the film is better dubbed or silent.
3 Discuss what you think will happen next in the film.

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