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北京市第八十中学2023～2024学年第二学期期中考试
高一英语2024年4月
班级___________ 姓名___________ 考号___________
（考试时间90分钟满分100分）
提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。
第一部分：知识运用 （共三节，30分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分；共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Take an Option
Jerry was a natural motivator. He was always in a good mood and always had something 1 to say, which really made me curious. One day I went up to ask him how he did that. “Well, life is all about 2 . It's your option how you live your life,” Jerry replied.
Soon I moved to another city. Several months later, I heard that Jerry was seriously injured in the chest while skiing. 3 , he was found quickly and rushed to the hospital . After 8 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care, he was 4 from the hospital.
Later, when we met again, I asked Jerry what had 5 his mind during the accident. “As I lay in the snow, I
knew I had two options: One was to live, the other was to die. I chose to live,” Jerry said. “The paramedics（急救人
员） were great. They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they 6 me into the emergency room and I saw the expressions on the faces of the doctors, I got really 7 . In their eyes, I read, ‘He’s a dead man.’ I knew I needed to take action. I told them, ‘Operate on me as if I’m alive, not dead.’ You see, I just tried to 8 their confidence.” Finally Jerry lived thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing 9 to live.
Jerry has taught me a lot. I learn from him that every day we have the choice to live fully. Your 10 , after
all, is everything.
1. A. regular B. familiar C. positive D. typical
2. A. choices B. trends C. relations D. secrets
3. A. Normally B. Obviously C. Hopefully D. Luckily
4. A. preserved B. released C. distinguished D. abandoned
5. A. gone through B. put up C. turned in D. called for
6. A. forced B. followed C. wheeled D. recommended
7. A. bored B. frightened C. confused D. embarrassed
8. A. express B. share C. gain D. inspire
9. A. talent B. achievement C. desire D. evidence
10. A. attitude B. standard C. ability D. control
第二节 语法填空 （共10小题，每小题1分；共10分）
阅读下列句子，根据句子或短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
11. Electric cars produce about 80 percent less pollution than those ___________ gas-powered motors.
12. In our class there are 46 students, half of ___________ wear glasses.
13. Opposite is St. Paul's Church, ___________ you can hear some lovely music.
14. She and her family bicycle to work, ___________ helps them keep fit.
15. Everyone was in silence, waiting to see who ___________（call） upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
16. China's high-speed railways ___________（grow） from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the last few years.
17. My eldest son, ___________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
18. The little problems ___________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
19. My washing machine ___________（repair） this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
20. Mary, a famous actress, spends two hours every day ___________（work） out to keep slim.
第三节 选词填空（共5小题，每小题1分；共5分）
从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。
engage; respect; star; stick; in spite of;
21. He ___________ with Robert Pattinson, another British actor in his next movie.
22. A large number of passengers ___________ at the airport due to heavy fog yesterday.
23. Christopher Reeve never lost hope ___________ the severe injury.
24. The activity gets people more ___________ in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more.
25. The children are taught to ___________ different cultures.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Immersive Van Gogh
From the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the west coast premiere（首场） of the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the art of Vincent to life in Los Angeles.
Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.
True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist's most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.
You will experience art like never before—lose yourself in entrancing, moving images that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and color—truly illuminating（照亮） the mind of the genius.
LOCATION
The Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.
TICKET PRICES
VIP TICKETS—$99.99 ● Priority access ● Van Gogh cushion（a gift for you） ● Limited edition poster PREMIUM TICKETS—$59.99 ● Van Gogh cushion（rental） ● Limited edition poster
BASIC TICKETS—$54.99 ● Admission only CHILD TICKETS—$29.99 ● Ages 6—16（children 5 and under do not require a ticket） ● Admission only ●Child tickets are not subject to change of date fees
Tickets are available online at www. .
GIFT SHOP
Stop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From clothing and jewelry to home décor, children's books, and so much more, you will find unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to check out at our online store!
Experience the organic landscapes of Van Gogh's imagination, and journey through his brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way.
26. According to the passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit ___________.
A. presents Van Gogh's art in a modern way
B. begins a journey to Van Gogh's hometown
C. display s Van Gogh's paintings on moving walls
D. designs projects on Van Gogh's learning experience
27. From where can people find information about the exact location of the exhibit
A. The ticket office. B. A website. C. The gift shop. D. An email.
28. How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion at least pay for the visit
A.$109.98. B.$154.98. C.$159.98. D.$199.98.
B
Nick Torrance, a junior in high school, suffers from muscular dystrophy（肌肉萎缩症）, and attends school in a specialized wheelchair. The muscle disease prevents him from accomplishing many everyday tasks, such as carrying his books and putting things away in his locker. So he had a fellow student assigned to help him. But Amy Smith, the school's occupational therapist（治疗师）, thought that being able to do something simple like opening his locker on his own would be empowering.
Amy initially thought they would be able to buy a device to help. But searching online turned up nothing that could meet their needs—everything needed a keycode or some other physical action, things her disabled student couldn't do. After the outside search for a method came up short, she looked within the school itself for an answer. Amy turned to the school's robotics instructor.
The instructor, in turn, suggested that two of his most capable students take on the project: Micah Stuhldreher and Wyatt Smrcka. They took first place in a national robotics competition, so they were a natural choice to tackle the locker door problem with a robotics solution. Micah and Wyatt wasted no time getting down to work and for an hour each school day, the boys brainstormed, built, and rebuilt various versions of the device until they landed on the perfect solution one year later.
Like in any device development, it took a lot of trial and error for Micah and Wyatt to make something that would work for their target audience. For example, they initially built a locker-opening button, but Nick wasn't strong enough to push it, so they replaced it with a sensor.
Now, between classes Nick steers his electric wheelchair to his locker and waves his hand over a sensor on the arm of the wheelchair. A few seconds later, the locker door swings open. Another wave closes the door. Nick can make it with ease—it may be a small thing, but it gives him a sense of independence.
29. Why did Amy Smith want a device
A. To help treat a muscle disease. B. To inspire a robotics invention.
C. To encourage cooperation at school. D. To increase her student's confidence.
30. With a sensor in his wheelchair, Nick can ___________.
A. move around easily B. put his things away
C. open and close his locker D. continue his schooling
31. According to the passage, which words can best describe Micah and Wyatt
A. Caring and passionate. B. Talented and ambitious.
C. Sensitive and insightful. D. Humble and warmhearted.
C
Neurotech—new, potentially revolutionary technology—promises to transform our lives. With all the global challenges of today, we need revolutionary technology to help the world cope.
There are different types of neurotech—some are invasive, some are not. Invasive brain-computer interfaces involve placing microelectrodes or other kinds of neurotech materials directly onto the brain or even embedding them into the neural tissue. Such technology has already improved the quality of life and abilities of people with different illnesses or impairments, from epilepsy to Parkinson's Disease to chronic pain. There is also noninvasive neurotech that can be used for similar applications. For example, researchers have developed wearables to infer a person's intended speech or movement. These are already quite impressive, but there is also neurotech that really pushes the envelope. Not only can it sense or read neurodata but it can also modulate（调节）—invasively and noninvasively. This research is still in early stages, but it's advancing rapidly.
As neurotech becomes more commonplace, we must consider the risks it might present, the morals around it, and the necessary regulation. We have to anticipate and deal with the implications related to the development and use of this technology. Any neurotech applications should consider potential consequences for the autonomy, privacy, responsibility, consent, integrity and dignity of a person.
What if someone were to face employment discrimination because the algorithms（算法） that power a neurotech application used for hiring misinterpret his or her neurodata What if a criminal gets a hold of the previous or current neurodata of the secretary of defense and steals top secret information Concerns increase when we are not just monitoring someone's neurodata but also interpreting it, decoding the person's thoughts—with implications for accuracy and mental privacy.
One tricky aspect is that most of the neurodata generated by the nervous systems is unconscious. It means it is very possible to unknowingly or unintentionally provide neurotech with information that one otherwise wouldn't.So, in some applications of neurotech, the presumption of privacy within one's own mind may simply no longer be a certainty.
As new, emerging technology, neurotech challenges corporations, researchers and individuals to reaffirm our commitment to responsible innovation, it's essential to enforce guardrails（防护措施） so that they lead to beneficial long-term outcomes—on company, national and international levels. We need to ensure that researchers and manufacturers of neurotech as well as policymakers and consumers approach it responsibly. Let's act now to avoid any future risks as neurotech matures—for the benefit of humanity.
32. The first two paragraphs mainly ___________.
A. stress the originality of neurotech B. prove the superiority of neurotech
C. compare the functions of neurotech D. present the technology of neurotech
33. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Noninvasive neurotech is much better than invasive one.
B. Messages within one's mind can be safer with neurotech.
C. Having neurodata analyzed brings about risks to privacy.
D. Proper rules have already been set to deal with neurodata.
34. According to the passage, companies, policy makers and consumers should ___________.
A. use neurotech in a responsible way B. avoid neurotech for the benefit of mankind
C. interpret all neurodata to improve accuracy D. help develop more noninvasive applications
35. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Neurotech Has Long-term Benefits B. Neurotech Meets Moral Challenges
C. Neurotech Becomes Commonplace D. Neurotech Transforms Human Lives
D
“If I only had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said sometime in the1990s. Why be modest Aristotle said: “All men by nature desire to know.” Intellectual humility is a particular instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations.
Intellectual humility means recognising that we don't know everything. Actually, it means we should acknowledge that we're probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources of wisdom that we lack.
The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania Lombrozo of the University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions（错觉） of wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we'll think we've successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical puzzles presented in an unfriendly font（字体）, for example, can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our brain processes information in a “smooth” way.
What about all the information that presents online Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don't hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid.
At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originates from the egocentric bias—the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the role of chance or the influence of other people's actions on their lives. This is what makes these people credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forcing one's view on others. Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.
The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people turn into successful adults, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesis is that humility, curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life. “Without humility, you are unable to learn,” Laszlo Bock, Google's Head of People Operations, notes.
36. The passage is mainly about ___________.
A. the harm arrogance does to us B. the key elements to a fulfilling life
C. the significance of intellectual humility D. the way people access information online
37. Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it ___________.
A. enables people to think critically B. offers too much unreliable information
C. allows easy access to abundant information D. makes it hard for people to recall information
38. According to Para.4, intellectually humble people ___________.
A. prefer to solve difficult problems B. are unwilling to show their strengths
C. value others' opinions more than their own D. use online information to better themselves
39. The author will probably agree that ___________.
A. intellectual arrogance is the result of evolution
B. intellectually arrogant people often lack team spirits
C. successful people are often unaware of their limitations
D. circumstances don't favor intellectually arrogant people
第二节 （共5 小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
Optimism Bias（偏见）
While we often like to think of ourselves as highly rational and logical, researchers have found that the human brain is sometimes too optimistic for its own good. If you were asked to estimate how likely you are to experience illness, job loss, or an accident, you are likely to underestimate the probability that such events will ever impact your life. 40
This bias leads us to believe that we are less likely to suffer from misfortune and more likely to attain success than reality would suggest. We believe that we will live longer, and that we will be more successful in life than the average. 41
The optimism bias is essentially a mistaken belief that our chances of experiencing negative events are lower and our chances of experiencing positive events are higher than those of our peers. And this overly positive assumption doesn't mean that we have an overly sunny outlook on our own lives. 42 People might skip their yearly physical, not wear their seatbelt, or fail to put on sunscreen because they mistakenly believe that they are less likely to get sick, get in an accident, or get skin cancer.
Cognitive neuroscientist Tali Sharot, author of The Optimism Bias: A Tour of the Irrationally Positive Brain, notes that this bias is widespread and can be seen in cultures all over the world. Sharot also suggests that while this optimism bias can at times lead to negative outcomes like foolishly engaging in risky behaviors or making poor choices about your health, it can also have its benefits. 43 If we expect good things to happen, we are more likely to be happy. This optimism can act as a self-fulfilling prophecy. By believing that we will be successful, people are in fact more likely to be successful.
44 After all, if we didn't believe that we could achieve success, why would we even bother trying Optimists are also more likely to take measures to protect their health such as exercising, taking vitamins, and following a nutritious diet.
A. Optimism also motivates us to pursue our goals.
B. But we are also highly motivated to be so optimistic.
C. But definitely not everyone is blessed with such luck.
D. This is because your brain has a built-in optimism bias.
E. It can also lead to poor decision-making, which can sometimes have disastrous results.
F. This optimism enhances well-being by creating a sense of anticipation about the future.
G. Various causes may lead to the optimistic bias, including cognitive and motivational factors.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第45、46 小题各2分，第47小题3分，第48小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
The increase in online education has allowed a new type of teacher to emerge—an artificial one. But just how accepting students are of an artificial instructor remains to be seen. That's why researchers at the University of Central Florida's Nicholson School of Communication and Media are working to examine student perceptions of AI-based teachers. Some of their findings, published recently in the International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, indicate that for students to accept an AI teaching assistant, it needs to be effective and easy to talk to.
According to Jihyun Kim, the lead author of the study, the hope is that by understanding how students relate to AI-teachers, engineers and computer scientists can design them to easily integrate into the education experience.
“To use machine teachers effectively, we need to understand students’ views on machine teachers, their learning experiences with them and more,” Kim says. “This line of research is needed to design effective machine teachers that can actually facilitate positive learning experiences.”
AI teaching assistants can help ease a teacher's workload, such as by responding to commonly asked questions by students. These questions, which often appear each semester and become numerous in online classes with hundreds of students, can become a large task for a teacher. The quick delivery of answers also helps students.
An example of an AI teaching assistant is one named Jill Watson that was created by a researcher at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Jill was fed the thousands of questions and answers commonly asked in the researcher's online class that he'd taught over the years. With some additional learning and adjustments, Jill was eventually able to answer the students' commonly asked questions accurately without any human assistance as if she was one of the researcher's human teaching assistants.
“I hope our research findings help us find an effective way to incorporate AI agents into education,” Kim says. “By adopting an AI agent as an assistant for a simple and repetitive task, teachers would be able to have more things scheduled such as meeting with students and developing teaching strategies.”
45. What kind of AI teaching assistants can students easily accept
46. What do researchers need to do to design effective AI teaching assistants
47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
With the help of Al-based teaching assistants, human teachers can not only be relieved from heavy work but also have more time to answer commonly asked questions by students.
48. Explain how AI technology can be used in a different field in our life.（in about 40 words）
第二节 写作 （20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下个月将要举办主题为“寻找春天，拥抱自然”的踏青骑行活动，请给你校的交换生 Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：
1. 活动安排;
2. 准备事项。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

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