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备战2024年高考英语模拟卷04（新高考I卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is wrong with the man’s marker pen
A．It is out of ink. B．It is too small. C．It is of the wrong color.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Can you get me another black marker pen for the blackboard This one is dry.
W: Sure. Which one do you need The big one or the small one We have several here.
M: I think I need a big one. Thank you.
2．Why did the man leave his previous job
A．To study further. B．To become famous. C．To find a new job.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Welcome to our company. We’d like you to tell us about your work experience.
M: I worked at a famous company for two years.
W: Can you tell us why you left
M: I left because I went back to study and get my master’s degree.
3．Who is the woman probably talking to
A．A doctor. B．Her husband. C．Her son.
【答案】A
【原文】W: My son has been sneezing a lot this morning. Can you examine him
M: Oh, let me see. How old is he
W: Three years old.
M: He just has a cold. I will prescribe him something for that.
4．What does the woman want the man to do
A．Meet a client.
B．Translate a document.
C．Prepare meeting materials.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Bill, I am busy preparing meeting materials. I was wondering if you could help me translate this file.
M: Is that urgent I need to meet a client later.
W: Yes. In that case, I’ll ask someone else for help.
5．Where are the speakers
A．In a bank. B．In a restaurant. C．In a store.
【答案】C
【原文】M: These two ties look very nice. How much are they
W: It was originally 60 pounds for each, but if you buy two, you will get another one free.
M: OK. I will take three.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the conversation mainly about
A．A picture. B．A designer. C．A building.
7．Which subject does the woman like best
A．Math. B．Music. C．History.
【答案】6．A 7．C
【原文】W: You know, I’ve never seen the pictures you took of New York.
M: Didn’t I show them to you after I got back Well, I have them with me. Look at this one.
W: Fantastic. Where was this taken
M: From the top of the World Trade Center. Do you know the Statue of Liberty was designed by a Frenchman
W: Uh-huh. Bartholdi. It was given to the United States by France on the 100th birthday of the US independence.
M: You know a lot about history.
W: History is my favorite subject!
M: Oh, I thought you like math best! Well, let’s look at another one.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the woman probably do
A．A doctor. B．An assistant. C．A professor.
9．When will the man go to see the doctor
A．On Wednesday. B．On Thursday. C．On Friday.
【答案】8．B 9．C
【原文】W: Good morning. This is Doctor White’s office. May I help you
M: I’d like to make an appointment to see the doctor this week.
W: Well, I’m afraid he is fully booked on Monday and Tuesday. How about Wednesday
M: I have classes at the university on Wednesday. Will Thursday be OK
W: Sorry. I’m afraid he is fully booked on Thursday too.
M: Friday
W: Yes! He will be free on Friday this week. How about Friday morning
M: I prefer sometime in the afternoon if it’s possible. Thank you!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Why does the woman study Russian
A．She’s interested in it.
B．She wants to make more friends.
C．She’s going abroad.
11．What does the woman find difficult in learning Russian
A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar.
12．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．Read Russian aloud every morning.
B．Do more grammar practice and reflect.
C．Memorize the words frequently.
【答案】10．A 11．C 12．B
【原文】W: I’m having difficulty in learning Russian.
M: I didn’t know you were learning Russian. Are you going abroad
W: No. I’m just fascinated by Russian itself. I have asked many friends for advice. I remember you are a Russian major, right
M: Yeah. Do you have trouble with pronunciation, or anything else
W: In fact, I listen to tapes and read Russian aloud every morning, so I think my pronunciation is not bad. Besides, I’m good at memorizing the words, so my vocabulary is also good. The problem is that I really don’t understand the use of grammar.
M: It is essential for beginners to lay a solid foundation. You should do more grammar exercises and give yourself time for reflection. Practice makes perfect.
W: I see. Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．Why will the man go to California
A．For sightseeing. B．For a wedding. C．For a meeting.
14．Where are the speakers
A．In Texas. B．In Nevada. C．In Alaska.
15．How much does the man need to pay
A．$300. B．$320. C．$340.
16．How will the man pay
A．By check. B．By bank card. C．In cash.
【答案】13．C 14．B 15．A 16．C
【原文】W: Thrifty Car Rental. Can I help you
M: Yeah. My friend recommended your company to me. She rented your car and went to Texas for sightseeing last month. I’m going to California for a conference this weekend and it’s a short drive from Nevada to get there, so I have to rent a car for two days.
W: Okay. What size do you have in mind
M: A mid-sized car is perfect.
W: How about that black car $170 a day, including tax and insurance.
M: Can you make it a little cheaper
W: How about $10 off
M: Come on. My sister is getting married in Alaska next month. If I’m satisfied with your company this time, I’ll definitely come back again next month.
W: Well, in that case, I would ask $150 a day.
M: Deal.
W: How would you like to pay, by check or bank card
M: I’m sorry I only carry some cash on me.
W: Okay. And remember to return the car with a full tank of gas.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where does the speaker come from
A．America. B．Australia. C．England.
18．What do English people think of Americans
A．Friendly. B．Quiet. C．Humorous.
19．What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England
A．Play with his friends. B．Watch comedy shows. C．Have a cup of tea
20．What did the speaker find amazing in England
A．The TV programs. B．The old buildings. C．The tea shops.
【答案】17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】M: The most unforgettable experience I’ve ever had Well, that was three years ago when I was in college, I spent a term studying in London. Even though we speak the same language, English people and Americans are very different. They think that we Americans are friendly and that we have a strong desire to be successful and rich. And I think the British are quiet and gentle. I love the lifestyle there. Going out for afternoon tea was fun, and I always did that with my friends. And I really love the old buildings. We don’t have anything that old in the United States, so it is pretty amazing! By the way, I also went to Australia once. The buildings there aren’t so attractive either. The British also have a different sense of humor. Their comedy shows on TV are really funny. I’d like to say my experience was a positive one. In fact, I’m saving up money so I can go back there again.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’ re a fearless adventurer seeking a scenic climb or a beginner outdoorsman eager to be close to nature, these four camping destinations will change your life.
Laugavegur, Iceland
Before snow falls upon the changeable rhyolite (流纹岩) mountains, book a cottage or a tent in the camp city as wild camping is not permitted here. Professionals advise hiking from north to south, which takes you across lava fields, wildflower-spotted grasslands, and to the twin glaciers (冰川) Eyjafjallaj kull and Mydralsj kull. Along the way, the mountains covered with various colors will appeal to you.
High Atlas Mountains, Morocco
Morocco’s most typical range is a bucket-list camping destination for daring travelers. Pass through remote Berber villages and walk a long way from hot desert to snow-capped peaks. You can follow ancient animal paths, though guides in this area are highly suggested. Many will employ the use of a camel to help with the load.
Tierra del Fuego, Chile
Tierra del Fuego is an explorer’s dream. Take a cross-border journey from Argentina to Chile through Radman and set up camp along one of the glacial lakes Blanco or Ofhidro. Animals like beavers are common in this area, and so are condors (秃鹰). Bed down in the grasslands beneath Jebel M’ goun, an extremely quiet peak.
Main Range, Kosciuszko National Park, Australia
Whether you fill your days with passing over the country’ s highest mountains, watching snowfalls or fishing in the glacial lakes, make sure to spend an evening appreciating the starry sky, which is certain to inspire awe (敬畏) in anyone witnessing this sight.
21．What is necessary to camp in Laugavegur according to the text
A．Protection for grasslands. B．Permission for campsites.
C．Reservation for accommodation. D．Recommendation from professionals.
22．Who may be most attracted by both High Atlas Mountains and Tierra del Fuego
A．Leisure seekers. B．Camping amateurs.
C．Wildlife researchers. D．Adventure enthusiasts.
23．What is highly recommended in Kosciuszko National Park
A．Catching fish. B．Admiring stars.
C．Climbing mountains. D．Appreciating glaciers.
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B
【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了四个露营目的地。
21．细节理解题。根据小标题Laugavegur, Iceland下的“Before snow falls upon the changeable rhyolite (流纹岩) mountains, book a cottage or a tent in the camp city as wild camping is not permitted here.(在多变的流纹岩山脉下雪之前，在营地城预定一间小屋或帐篷，因为这里不允许野外露营)”可知，在Laugavegur露营需要预订住宿，因为这里不允许野外露营。故选C项
22．细节理解题。根据小标题High Atlas Mountains, Morocco下的“Morocco’s most typical range is a bucket-list camping destination for daring travelers.(对于大胆的旅行者来说，摩洛哥最典型的露营地是他们的遗愿清单)”以及小标题Tierra del Fuego, Chile下的“Tierra del Fuego is an explorer’s dream.(火地岛是探险家的梦想之地)”可知，这两个地方吸引胆大的探险家。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据小标题Main Range, Kosciuszko National Park, Australia下的“Whether you fill your days with passing over the country’ s highest mountains, watching snowfalls or fishing in the glacial lakes, make sure to spend an evening appreciating the starry sky, which is certain to inspire awe (敬畏) in anyone witnessing this sight.(无论你是在这个国家最高的山脉上度过你的一天，看雪还是在冰川湖里钓鱼，一定要花一个晚上欣赏星空，这肯定会让任何目睹这一景象的人产生敬畏之情)”可知，在Kosciuszko National Park一定要花一个晚上欣赏星空。故选B项。
B
My daughter has a new app on her phone that can brighten up old photographs. She used it to make copies of pictures from my old photo albums look better, and emailed them back to me. There were pictures of Mom, Dad, my brothers, me and my first dog, Duke. Looking at them brought back so many loving and happy memories. I even put one on my computer as my new screen saver.
It is a picture of me sitting in my favorite chair, next to a bookcase full of old books. I am wearing my special sweatshirt and hugging Duke. There is a big smile on my face. It was howl spent a lot of my winter afternoons as a boy, hugging Duke and reading old books.
It is strange that the boy still lives inside me 50 years later. I still love comfortable chairs, warm stoves, sweatshirts, hugging dogs and reading books on cold, winter days. Yet, when I look in the mirror now, all I see are thinning and graying hair, age spots and lots of wrinkles. The only thing that hasn’t completely changed in that reflection is my eyes. They are hiding behind glasses now. They are set a little deeper in my eye sockets (眼窝). Only the innocence in them has been replaced with wisdom. But they still have that same joyfulness.
Looking at the little boy smiling at me from the computer screen and that 56-year-old man looking back at me in the mirror can be a bit confusing at times. They seem so different. Still, they are both me. It is one of those things we have to deal with being eternal (永久的) souls living inside temporary bodies. Perhaps the best thing we can do is to pay less attention to those reflections in the mirror and more to the reflections of our lives. We are all here to reflect back love to everyone here on Earth. And when we do, we remain both joyful and forever young.
24．What did the author’s daughter do with her new app on her phone
A．She brightened up his old pictures. B．She put several pictures into his emails.
C．She searched for a screensaver for him. D．She created a scene about his childhood.
25．What can we know about the author as a boy
A．He often felt lonely. B．He loved reading books.
C．He was forced to study. D．He was quite troublesome.
26．What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 3
A．His hobbies have changed a lot. B．He is annoyed about his looks.
C．Time leaves few marks on him. D．He is a happy and mature man.
27．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．Aging is unavoidable for everyone. B．A happy childhood is very important.
C．Loving others can bring us happiness. D．We should take good care of ourselves.
【答案】24．A 25．B 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者的女儿把作者的旧照翻新了，作者将50年前的照片与现在的自己相对比，发出了一些感慨。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“My daughter has a new app on her phone that can brighten up old photographs. She used it to make copies of pictures from my old photo albums look better, and emailed them back to me.(我女儿的手机上有一个新的应用程序，可以使旧照片变亮。她用它把我旧相册里的照片复制得更好看，然后用电子邮件发给我)”可知，作者的女儿把他的旧照片翻新了。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was howl spent a lot of my winter afternoons as a boy, hugging Duke and reading old books.(我小时候，冬天的很多下午都是在这里度过的，我抱着杜克，读着旧书)”及第三段“It is strange that the boy still lives inside me 50 years later. I still love comfortable chairs, warm stoves, sweatshirts, hugging dogs and reading books on cold, winter days.(奇怪的是，50年后那个男孩还活在我体内。我仍然喜欢舒适的椅子，温暖的火炉，运动衫，拥抱狗狗，在寒冷的冬天读书)”可知，作者小时候很喜欢读书。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段“Only the innocence in them has been replaced with wisdom. But they still have that same joyfulness.(只有他们的天真被智慧所取代。但他们仍然有同样的快乐)”可推知，作者充满智慧且快乐，是个成熟快乐的人。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We are all here to reflect back love to everyone here on Earth. And when we do, we remain both joyful and forever young.(我们在这里都是为了向地球上的每一个人反映爱。当我们这样做的时候，我们既快乐又永远年轻)”可推知，作者希望传递的信息是：关爱别人是永葆青春与快乐的秘诀。故选C。
C
The Greek philosopher Heraclitus taught that you can’t step into the same river twice, for you aren’t the same person at each visit, and the water is ever flowing. It is a powerful way to represent the reality of impermanence: Everything is always changing.
Many people have tense relationships with change. They deny it, resist it or attempt to control it- the result of which is almost always some combination of stress, anxiety, and burnout. It doesn’t have to be that way.
A concept called allostasis can help. Developed in the late 1980s by a neuroscientist, Peter Sterling, and a biologist, Joseph Eyer, allostasis is defined as “stability through change,” elegantly showing the concept’s double meaning: The way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing, at least to some extent.
The river of change has been flowing mercilessly, and it shows no signs of letting up. Societally, we’ve gone through a pandemic (大流行病), its economic decline and the widespread adoption of social media, the combination of which has shifted how we live and work. In our personal lives, we continue to do what we have always done: relocate, start jobs, quit jobs, change jobs, get promoted, experience illness, get married, have children, retire and on and on.
Finding ways in this river requires both ruggedness and flexibility. To be rugged is to be tough and determined, to know your core values and what you stand for. To be flexible is to actively respond to changing circumstances, to adapt and bend easily without breaking, to grow and even change your mind. Put these qualities together and the result is a great endurance, one that helps you maintain your strong core even in fragile moments. It allows you to step into allostasis’s cycle of order, disorder and reorder — which is, of course, one and the same with stepping into Heraclitus’s river —and to chart it skillfully and whenever possible, to your own benefit.
28．What do we know about allostasis
A．It is a contradictory concept. B．It tends to focus on change.
C．It advocates dynamic stability. D．It claims absolute adaptability.
29．Which of the following best explains “letting up” underlined in paragraph 4
A．Being pumped. B．Slowing down. C．Getting polluted. D．Rising up.
30．What will you gain from practicing allostasis according to the last paragraph
A．Popularity. B．Confidence. C．Recognition. D．Perseverance.
31．What is the best title for the passage
A．Say No to Stability B．Stop Resisting Change
C．Fight for Flexibility D．Balance Life and Work
【答案】28．C 29．B 30．D 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了变化与稳定性的概念，并强调了适应变化和在变化中找到稳定性的重要性。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“A concept called allostasis can help. Developed in the late 1980s by a neuroscientist, Peter Sterling, and a biologist, Joseph Eyer, allostasis is defined as “stability through change,” elegantly showing the concept’s double meaning: The way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing, at least to some extent.(一种叫做“allostasis”的概念可以提供帮助。20世纪80年代末，神经学家Peter Sterling和生物学家Joseph Eyer将“allostasis”定义为“通过变化保持稳定”，优雅地展示了这个概念的双重含义：在变化过程中保持稳定的方法是改变，至少在某种程度上是这样。)”可知，allostasis指的是通过变化保持稳定。故选C。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线词组上一句“The river of change has been flowing mercilessly(变革的河流一直在无情地流淌)”可知，变化一直都在发生，由此可知，划线词组的意思和“停止、缓慢下来”相似。选项A“Being pumped (兴奋)”；选项B“Slowing down (慢下来)”；选项C“Getting polluted (被污染)”；选项D“Rising up (上升)”。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Put these qualities together and the result is a great endurance, one that helps you maintain your strong core even in fragile moments. It allows you to step into allostasis’s cycle of order, disorder and reorder—which is, of course, one and the same with stepping into Heraclitus’s river —and to chart it skillfully and whenever possible, to your own benefit.(把这些品质放在一起，结果是一个伟大的耐力，一个帮助你保持强大的核心，即使在脆弱的时刻。它能让你进入异稳态的有序、无序和再有序的循环——当然，这与踏入赫拉克利特的河流是一样的——并在可能的时候，为了你自己的利益，巧妙地绘制它的图表。)”可知，通过实践“allostasis”，我们可以通过拥抱变化并从中找到稳定性，可以获得出色的耐力和技巧性地规划自己的道路。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Many people have tense relationships with change. They deny it, resist it or attempt to control it- the result of which is almost always some combination of stress, anxiety, and burnout. (很多人对改变的态度都很紧张。他们否认、抵制或试图控制它——其结果几乎总是压力、焦虑和倦怠的结合。)”、第三段“It doesn’t have to be that way.(事情并不一定要这样。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了适应变化和在变化中找到稳定性的重要性，并强调了通过拥抱变化并从中找到稳定性，我们可以获得出色的耐力和技巧性地规划自己的道路。因此，最佳标题是选项B“Stop Resisting Change (停止抗拒变化)”。故选B。
D
Scientists find when tiny plastics end up in farm fields, the pollution can impair plant growth. But two young researchers now report that combining fungi (真菌) with certain farm wastes can partially overcome that problem. May Shin, 20, and Jiwon Choi, 18, presented their discovery at the 2023 Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair(ISEF).
The pair met in a research design class at the Fryeburg Academy, a high school in Maine. May had wanted to explore how microplastics might affect the ecosystem. Jiwon was fascinated by plants and fungi. The young scientists shared their interests, May says, to test how long-lived plastics might affect farm crops—and how to limit any harm.
May and Jiwon planted more than 2,000 scallion (韭葱) seeds in pots of soil. Half the seeds got soil polluted with microplastics. The rest grew in plastic-free soil. The plants assigned to each soil were further divided into four groups. The young scientists added certain microscopic fungi to the soil in one group. Another group had a top layer of farm wastes. A third group got both treatments. The last group got none. For three weeks, the pair tracked how many scallions sprouted (萌芽) in each group and measured the plants’ height once each week.
About twice as many scallions sprouted in clean soil compared to that containing plastic bits. But among plants surviving in the polluted soil, a combination of microscopic fungi and farm wastes helped them out. Those getting both treatments grew 5.4 centimeters(about 2 inches)per week. That was faster than either of the treatments alone or those getting none. It was slower, however, than scallions planted in clean soil. They grew 7.2 centimeters(2.8 inches)per week.
In the future, the two young scientists hope to continue testing microscopic fungi and farm wastes under other conditions. Their goal is to see how other factors might change the plants’ response to the soil treatments.
32．What can we learn about May and Jiwon from the first two paragraphs
A．They met in a college.
B．They grow fungi at home.
C．They like to collect farm wastes.
D．They worked together harmoniously.
33．Why did the writer give detailed description to the test in paragraph 3
A．To examine the different plants.
B．To build a scientific model.
C．To show the reliability of the test.
D．To arouse the readers’ interest.
34．What can be found from the result of the test
A．Farm wastes help sprout most in polluted soil.
B．Microscopic fungi helps sprout most in polluted soil.
C．Scallions sprout better in clean soil than in polluted soil.
D．Plants grow better in polluted soil with wastes than in clean soil.
35．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The two scientists are determined.
B．There are many ways to treat soils.
C．Farm wastes will be more valuable.
D．Microscopic fungi will be widely used.
【答案】32．D 33．C 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两位“小科学家”通过实验有了新的发现：真菌有助于减少污染。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段的“May Shin, 20, and Jiwon Choi, 18, presented their discovery at the 2023 Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair(ISEF). ( 20岁的May Shin和18岁的Jiwon Choi在2023年再生国际科学与工程博览会(ISEF)上展示了他们的发现。)”和第二段的“The young scientists shared their interests, May says, to test how long-lived plastics might affect farm crops—and how to limit any harm.( May说，年轻的科学家们有共同的兴趣，那就是测试塑料对农作物的长期影响，以及如何限制其危害。)”可以推知，他们兴趣相同，一起和谐地工作，有了发现，故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段内容“May and Jiwon planted more than 2,000 scallion (韭葱) seeds in pots of soil. Half the seeds got soil polluted with microplastics. The rest grew in plastic-free soil. The plants assigned to each soil were further divided into four groups. The young scientists added certain microscopic fungi to the soil in one group. Another group had a top layer of farm wastes. A third group got both treatments. The last group got none. For three weeks, the pair tracked how many scallions sprouted (萌芽) in each group and measured the plants’ height once each week. ( May和Jiwon在花盆里种了2000多颗葱籽。一半的种子被微塑料污染了。其余的在无塑料土壤中生长。每种土壤的植物被进一步分为四组。年轻的科学家们在一组土壤中加入了某些微小的真菌。另一组的表层是农场废弃物。第三组同时接受两种治疗。最后一组没有。在三周的时间里，这两个人追踪了每一组中发芽的葱的数量，并每周测量一次植物的高度。)”可知，本段详述了实验过程，为了展示实验的可信度。故选C。
34．细节理解题。据第四段中“About twice as many scallions sprouted in clean soil compared to that containing plastic bits. ( 在干净的土壤中，大葱发芽的数量是在塑料土壤中发芽的两倍。)”和“It was slower, however, than scallions planted in clean soil. They grew 7.2 centimeters(2.8 inches)per week. (然而，它比在干净的土壤中种植的葱生长得慢。它们每周长7.2厘米(2.8英寸)。)”可知，大葱在干净的土壤中比在污染的土壤中发芽好。故选C。
35．推理判断题。据最后一段的“In the future, the two young scientists hope to continue testing microscopic fungi and farm wastes under other conditions. (未来，这两位年轻的科学家希望在其他条件下继续测试微观真菌和农场废物。)” 可推断，这两位年轻的科学家意志坚定，追求真理，故选A。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you understand the fable of the frog in the boiling water, it is time to learn how to avoid becoming the frog and make positive changes so that you can succeed and live your dream life. Here are a few tips you can follow.
36 You don’t want to go through every day without having a clear direction. The first thing you want to do to create a better future is to identify what kind of future you desire. Once you have a clear direction, you can run as fast as you can to get there.
Make a plan and work on it every day. Besides knowing what you want, you need to also know what you need to do to get there. 37 Every one of us wants to have a better future, but most people don’t know what to do to get there. This is why having a plan is important. Once you have a plan, all you need to do is stick to your plan and take massive action.
Take consistent action. Identifying your goals and knowing your plan is just a foundation step to achieving the success you want. You also need to take action and work on your goals if you want to achieve them. 38
Improve yourself regularly. Just like your phone, you update your mobile phone from time to time so that the software is the latest. 39 Constantly update and improve yourself so that you can perform at your best. If you want to be financially rich, you can’t just do nothing about your finances. 40 You need to learn how to manage your wealth too.
Always remember the story of the frog in the boiling water. And follow the tips I shared about to “hedge” yourself against the impact of gradual changes.
A．Create your future today, not tomorrow.
B．You need to track, plan, invest, and save.
C．You need to do the same to yourself.
D．Set a goal and never turn aside along the way.
E．Therefore, create an action plan for your goal.
F．Avoiding being “cooked” in an environment matters.
G．You can’t think about your dream, just praying over there.
【答案】36．D 37．E 38．G 39．C 40．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些可以让你成功并过上你梦想的生活的建议和方法。
36．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“You don’t want to go through every day without having a clear direction. The first thing you want to do to create a better future is to identify what kind of future you desire. Once you have a clear direction, you can run as fast as you can to get there.”（你不想每天都没有一个明确的方向。为了创造一个更美好的未来，你要做的第一件事就是确定你想要什么样的未来。一旦你有了明确的方向，你就可以尽可能快地跑到那里。）可知，主要讲的是你要做的第一件事就是确定你想要什么样的未来。结合选项D项Set a goal and never turn aside along the way.（设定一个目标，在前进的道路上永不偏离。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选D项。
37．根据该段标题“Make a plan and work on it every day.”（制定一个计划，每天都为之努力。）以及上文“Besides knowing what you want, you need to also know what you need to do to get there.”（除了知道你想要什么，你还需要知道你需要做什么才能达到目标。）提到你需要知道你需要做什么才能达到目标。结合选项E项Therefore, create an action plan for your goal.（因此，为你的目标制定一个行动计划。）可知，和该段标题意思一致，呼应标题，同时引起下文，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
38．根据上文“You also need to take action and work on your goals if you want to achieve them.”（如果你想实现你的目标，你也需要采取行动和努力。）可知，提到你需要采取行动和努力。结合选项G项You can’t think about your dream, just praying over there.（你不能想着你的梦想，只能在那里祈祷。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选G项。
39．根据上文“Just like your phone, you update your mobile phone from time to time so that the software is the latest.”（就像你的手机一样，你不时地更新你的手机，以便软件是最新的。）提到不时地更新你的手机。以及下文“Constantly update and improve yourself so that you can perform at your best.”（不断更新和提高自己，这样你就能发挥出最好的水平。）提到更新和提高自己的好处。结合选项C项You need to do the same to yourself.（你也要对自己做同样的事。）可知，和上下文内容相关，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
40．根据上文“If you want to be financially rich, you can’t just do nothing about your finances.”（如果你想在经济上富有，你不能对你的财务状况什么都不做。）提到财务状况的情况，由此可推知，空格处内容应为具体的管理财务的做法。以及下文“You need to learn how to manage your wealth too.”（你也需要学习如何管理你的财富。）结合选项B项You need to track, plan, invest, and save.（你需要跟踪、计划、投资和储蓄。）符合此推断，同时引起下文，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year.
Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different. But reading seems to be a(n) 41 , with growing evidence suggesting a similar 42 in writing. The study, published in the journal American Psychologist, provided further 43 to support this view.
David Reilly, lead author of the study, said the study 44 the commonly held view that boys and girls start grade school with the same cognitive abilities. “It appears that the gender gap for writing tasks has been greatly 45 , and despite our best efforts with changes in teaching methods, that does not appear to be 46 over time,” he said.
Factors explaining the results could include learning 47 being more prevalent among boys; the pressure to conform to masculine (男子汉的) ideals and the idea of reading and language being feminine (女性的); and slight 48 in how boys and girls use their brain hemispheres (半球), the authors believe.
To investigate how 49 levels differed between boys and girls in the U.S., the team studied data collected over three decades in the National Assessment of Educational Progress. This database of test scores on over 3 million students in the fourth, eighth, and twelfth grades 50 national and state performances in a range of subjects, and considered such variables such as disabilities or whether children were English learners. Reading and writing was 51 according to children’s understanding of a range of different passages and genres.
52 , girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. As children progressed to eighth and twelfth grades, girls continued to 53 boys, but the difference was more noticeable in writing than reading. But what caused this difference in abilities Evidence suggests 54 problems, such as being disruptive（扰乱性的） in class or being aggressive could be linked to neurological conditions. What is known as lateralization (偏侧化) could also play a role. Boys are believed to use one hemisphere when reading or writing, while girls appear to use both. The data did not, however, provide evidence to argue 55 the two genders having different learning styles.
41．A．distinction B．exception C．objection D．limitation
42．A．pattern B．standard C．circumstance D．feature
43．A．strategy B．signal C．sign D．evidence
44．A．confirmed B．represented C．questioned D．introduced
45．A．underestimated B．overemphasized C．underrepresented D．justified
46．A．increasing B．promoting C．accepting D．reducing
47．A．objectives B．drills C．difficulties D．advantages
48．A．contributions B．differences C．communications D．similarities
49．A．literacy B．literary C．academic D．cognitive
50．A．pulled down B．settled down C．turned down D．broke down
51．A．granted B．measured C．designed D．engineered
52．A．Likewise B．Overall C．However D．Besides
53．A．overtake B．discourage C．parallel D．distinguish
54．A．psychological B．emotional C．behavioral D．mental
55．A．in line with B．at the mercy of C．on account of D．in favor of
【答案】
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．D 51．B 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过研究表明相比男孩，女孩的阅读和写作能力更佳，并分析了产生这种现象可能的原因。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但阅读似乎是个例外，越来越多的证据表明，写作也有类似的模式。A. distinction 差别；区别；B. exception 例外；C. objection 发对；D. limitation 限制。上文“Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different.(科学家们普遍认为，男孩和女孩是很相似的)”此句与上句转折，说明此处要表达的是男孩与女孩不相似的的方面——阅读，也就是说阅读是一个例外，故选B。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. pattern 模式；B. standard 标准；C. circumstance 环境；D. feature 特色。根据上文“Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different. But reading seems to be a(n) ______, (科学家们普遍认为，男孩和女孩是很相似的，但阅读似乎是个例外)”可知，科学家认为男孩和女孩是很相似的，但是阅读是一个例外，所以此处表达的是写作也和阅读一样，有相似的模式，也是个例外，是男孩和女孩有差异的方面，故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项发表在《美国心理学家》杂志上的研究为支持这一观点提供了进一步的证据。A. strategy 策略；B. signal 信号；C. sign 迹象；标志；D. evidence 证据。根据空后“to support this view(来支持这种观点)”可知，用来支持观点的，应该是证据，故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究的主要作者David Reilly说，这项研究质疑了人们普遍认为的男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同的观点。A. confirmed 证实；B. represented 代表；C. questioned 质疑；D. introduced 介绍。根据第一段“Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year.(一项研究表明早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强。)”再根据空后宾语，人们认为男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同，可知此处表达这项研究是质疑了这个观点，故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“看上去写作任务上的性别差异被极大的低估了，尽管我们在教学方法的改进方面做出了最大的努力，但随着时间的推移，该差异似乎并未渐渐减小。”A. underestimated 低估；B. overemphasized 过多强调；C. underrepresented 代表不足；D. justified 证明……正确。结合上题“David Reilly, lead author of the study, said the study ______the commonly held view that boys and girls start grade school with the same cognitive abilities. (这项研究的主要作者David Reilly说，这项研究质疑了人们普遍认为的男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同的观点。)”可知，人们普遍认为男孩和女孩在上小学时认知能力相同，而研究却表明男孩和女孩在读写方面是有差异的，所以此处表达是这种差异是被低估的，故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. increasing 增加；B. promoting 促进；提升；C. accepting 接受；D. reducing 减少。根据此句中的介词“despite(尽管)”以及句意，可知，此处要表达尽管在教学方法改进方面做了最大的努力，但是差异并没有减少，故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作者认为，解释这一结果的因素可能包括学习困难在男孩中更为普遍；男孩面临遵循男性化标准的压力，认为阅读是女性的技能；男孩和女孩使用大脑半球的方式也略有不同。A. objectives 目标；B. drills 培训；C. difficulties 困难；D. advantages 优势。结合上面小题“It appears that the gender gap for writing tasks has been greatly______ (看上去写作任务上的性别差异被极大的低估了)”分析可知，女孩在读写方面能力比男孩强，此段分析了这种情况的原因，既然男孩读写方面能力相对来说弱，那么可能他们学习的困难更普遍，故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. contributions贡献；B. differences不同；C. communications交流；D. similarities相似之处。根据本句“in how boys and girls use their brain hemispheres (半球)(男孩和女孩使用大脑半球的方式)”可知，男孩和女孩使用大脑半球的方式是不同的。故选B。
49．考查名词/形容词词义辨析。句意：为了调查美国男孩和女孩的读写水平的差异，研究小组研究了30多年来在国家教育进展评估中收集的数据。A. literacy读写能力；B. literary 文学的；C. academic 学术的；D. cognitive 认知的。根据第一段“Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year.(一项研究显示，女孩早在四年级时就比男孩更擅长阅读和写作，而且这种差距一直持续到高三。)”可知，早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强，所以此处表达的是为了调查男孩和女孩的读写水平的差异，此空是名词作定语，故选A。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一数据库收集了超过300万名四、八、十二年级学生的考试成绩，将他们在国家和州的一系列科目上的表现进行了细分，并考虑了诸如残疾或儿童是否是英语学习者等变量。A. pulled down 拆毁；降低；B. settled down 安定下来；C. turned down 调小；拒绝；D. broke down 将……分成若干部分；分解。根据本句“in a range of subjects, and considered such variables such as disabilities or whether children were English learners. (一系列科目上的表现进行了细分，并考虑了诸如残疾或儿童是否是英语学习者等变量)”可知，为了调查美国男孩和女孩的读写能力的差异，研究小组研究了一些数据，这些数据详细划分了学生在国家和州的科目上的具体表现，还考虑到一些变量，就是为了让调查结果更准确，故选D。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读和写作是根据儿童对不同文章的段落和体裁的理解来衡量的。A. granted 同意；B. measured 测量；衡量；C. designed 设计；D. engineered 设计制造。根据本句“according to children’s understanding of a range of different passages and genres.(根据儿童对一系列不同段落和体裁的理解)”，可知，此处表达的是根据儿童对不同文章的段落和体裁的理解，阅读和写作来衡量，故选B。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好。A. Likewise 同样地；B. Overall 总体上；C. However 但是；D. Besides 此外。此空副词作状语，修饰整个句子，根据空后“girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. (与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好。)”，可知，这是整体上的一种情况，故选B。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着孩子们升入八年级和十二年级，女生继续超过男生，但这种差异在写作方面比阅读方面更为明显。A. overtake 超过；赶上；B. discourage 阻拦；使灰心；C. parallel 比得上；与……相似；D. distinguish 区分；辨别。结合上文“______, girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. (总的来说，与同龄男孩相比，女孩在四年级的阅读和写作测试中表现得更好。)”可知，早在四年级，女生的阅读和写作能力就比男生强，而且差距还会进一步加大，可知此处表达的是随着孩子们升入八年级和十二年级，女生继续超过男生，故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有证据表明，行为问题，如课堂上的破坏性行为或攻击性行为，可能与神经系统疾病有关。A. psychological 心理的；B. emotional 感情的；C. behavioral 有关行为的；D. mental 精神的。根据空后的举例“such as being disruptive in class or being aggressive(比如在课堂上捣乱或咄咄逼人)”可知，此处表达的是如课堂上的破坏性行为或攻击性行为的行为问题，故选C。
55．考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，这些数据并没有提供支持拥有不同学习风格两种性别的证据。A. in line with 与……一致；B. at the mercy of 完全由……支配；C. on account of 因为；由于；D. in favor of 有利于；支持。结合“the two genders having different learning styles.(男孩和女孩在读写能力方面的差异)”以及全文可知，文章只是客观介绍了男孩和女孩在读写能力方面的差异，表明了他们不同的学习风格，但是并没有表明支持男孩或者女孩，故选D。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a 56 (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a 57 (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain 58 supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby 59 (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, 60 control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on 61 (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of 62 (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent 63 the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team 64 (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability 65 (control) our appetite.
【答案】
56．typically 57．greater 58．that/which 59．reducing 60．the 61．mice 62．toasted 63．on 64．have found 65．to control
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人们新发现的证据显示典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。
56．考查副词。句意：人类的新证据表明，典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。分析句意可知，typical修饰western，western是形容词，应用副词typically修饰。故填typically。
57．考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚的研究人员为志愿者提供了为期一周的华夫饼、奶昔和类似的丰富食物后，发现年轻健康的志愿者在记忆测试中得分更差，即使已经吃饱了，他们也更渴望吃垃圾食品。根据句意可知，此处应使用great的比较级来指代他们的食欲增加。故填greater。
58．考查关系词。句意：研究结果表明，海马体是大脑里的一个区域，里面中有一种特殊的物质支持记忆，有助于调节食欲。分析句子结构可知，a region of the brain 是hippocampus的同位语，此句的谓语是suggest，故supports是从句的谓语，先行词是hippocampus，在从句中做主语，故填that或者which。
59．考查非谓语。句意：当我们吃饱时，海马体被认为可以平静我们对美味食物的记忆，从而降低我们的食欲。分析句子结构可知reduce在句中应用非谓语动词作结果状语，应用现在分词。故填reducing。
60．考查冠词。句意：如果中断，这种控制可能会严重受损。根据上文可知，control是第二次提及，故用定冠词the。故填the。
61．考查名词。句意：多年来，对老鼠的广泛研究发现，海马体的功能对垃圾食品非常敏感，但最近仅在年轻和健康的人类中观察到这种情况。从句意可知，mouse应使用复数形式。故填mice。
62．考查形容词。句意：2017年，在吃了一周的烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现较差，而学习和记忆测试通常依赖于海马体。根据句意可知，“烤三明治”是完成的状态，故用过去分词。故填toasted。
63．考查介词。句意：2017年，在吃了一周的烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现较差，而学习和记忆测试通常依赖于海马体。根据固定用法be dependent on，意为“依靠，依赖”。故填on。
64． 考查动词时态。句意：现在，在这项最新的研究中，该团队的科学家们发现，这种高脂肪、高糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力，而且似乎会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。根据句意可知，这项研究从过去到现在一直没有中断，而且有发现，对现在产生了影响，应用现在完成时。主语为the scientists of the team，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have found。
65．考查不定式。句意：现在，在这项最新的研究中，该团队的科学家们发现，这种高脂肪、高糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力，而且似乎会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。ability to do sth,是习惯性用法，意为“做某事的能力”。故填 to control。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假设你是李华，近期你收到“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目组邀请为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，请你给节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨相关事宜，内容包括：
1. 感谢邀请;
2. 告知演讲话题并说明原因;
3. 期待回信。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Emma,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Emma,
Thank you for inviting me to do a video speech for the Culture Column of the Z Era International Youth Talk Program.
Referring to the topic, I’d like to talk about the generation gap. It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones. I will discuss the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
If you have any requirements, please contact me. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，表示感谢并告知演讲话题和说明原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
谈及：refer to→ in terms of
引起：result in→ cause
谈论：talk about→ discuss
介绍：recommend→ introduce
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
拓展句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways that people can use to solve it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones.（运用了现在分词短语作定语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you have any requirements, please contact me.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a beautiful sunny morning in early summer, when the world seemed full of sunlight and new green leaves. I was in a good mood as my parents had just given me $300 for my daily expenses during the week that they would be away in Mexico to visit my mother’s sick grandfather. I was extremely overjoyed, thinking hard about the things I could do with the money. If I survived on bread and butter the whole week, I would have an unexpected windfall of $ 200 to buy the latest Kobe Bryant basketball shoes! What a terrific idea!
As usual, the physical education class was thrilling. I felt most at case on the basketball court. After playing several fierce games, I could hardly catch my breath as I headed back towards the classroom, sweaty and exhausted. When I entered, I found my classmates gathered around Steven’s desk as he searched through his books and some other personal items anxiously. Steven had always been popular. Not only was he intelligent and well-mannered, but he also came from a well-off family. And he shared everything he had with us.
Right away, I learned Steven had lost the money he would donate to a children’s welfare institute that afternoon. Then I informed Miss Jones, the class teacher. She rushed over immediately and organized a search around the classroom. We stood by our desks and emptied the contents of our schoolbags onto the desk for inspection.
It was my turn. As Miss Jones took out the $ 300 from my wallet, the class fell into a shock. I didn’t know the amount lost was exactly $ 300 until then. I kept proving my innocence, but in vain. Miss Jones confiscated (没收) the $ 300 and decided I was getting kicked out of the school. I stayed home alone the whole week, living only on bread. I felt wronged, angry, and loss of self-esteem.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, my parents returned home and talked with me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Miss Jones had just accepted my parents’ advice when Steven came.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Finally, my parents returned home and talked with me. They patiently listened to my side of the story, their understanding and support helping to boost my hurt feelings and self-esteem. I told the whole story of what happened, including the expensive misunderstanding, and the relief of sharing my tough experience was clear in the room. It was during this emotional conversation that I heard about Steven’s admission, which would change the situation.
Miss Jones had just accepted my parents’ advice when Steven came. He genuinely looked sorry, with a hint of regret in his eyes. To everyone’s relief, he confessed that he had found the lost money in his backpack. The immense relief and joy I felt were hard to put into words, showing how misunderstandings and hasty judgments can lead to serious problems. Steven’s sincere apology and our collective understanding brought us closer as classmates, restoring the warmth of our friendship.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了父母给了作者300美元作为一周的生活费，作者上完体育课走进教室发现同学Steven把他当天下午要捐给儿童福利机构的钱弄丢了，Jones老师在班里进行搜查，当从作者那里搜出300美元时把它没收了，作者被赶出学校，作者只靠面包一个人在家里熬了一个星期，感到委屈、愤怒，失去了自尊。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后，我的父母回到家和我交谈。”可知，第一段可描写作者向父母倾诉发生的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“Jones老师刚刚接受了我父母的建议，Steven就来了。”可知，第二段可描写Steven向作者道歉，作者感到宽慰和喜悦，同学关系更加亲密。
2.续写线索：父母耐心倾听——作者讲述事情原委——Steven承认自己找到了钱并道歉——作者感到宽慰和喜悦——关系更加亲密，友谊升温
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回家：return home/go back home
②承认：confess/admit
③找到：find/discover
情绪类
①耐心：patiently/with patience
②喜悦：joy/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1] They patiently listened to my side of the story, their understanding and support helping to boost my hurt feelings and self-esteem.（独立主格结构）
[高分句型2] It was during this emotional conversation that I heard about Steven’s admission, which would change the situation.（强调句型和由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3] To everyone’s relief, he confessed that he had found the lost money in his backpack.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句）备战2024年高考英语模拟卷04（新高考I卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is wrong with the man’s marker pen
A．It is out of ink. B．It is too small. C．It is of the wrong color.
2．Why did the man leave his previous job
A．To study further. B．To become famous. C．To find a new job.
3．Who is the woman probably talking to
A．A doctor. B．Her husband. C．Her son.
4．What does the woman want the man to do
A．Meet a client.
B．Translate a document.
C．Prepare meeting materials.
5．Where are the speakers
A．In a bank. B．In a restaurant. C．In a store.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the conversation mainly about
A．A picture. B．A designer. C．A building.
7．Which subject does the woman like best
A．Math. B．Music. C．History.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the woman probably do
A．A doctor. B．An assistant. C．A professor.
9．When will the man go to see the doctor
A．On Wednesday. B．On Thursday. C．On Friday.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Why does the woman study Russian
A．She’s interested in it.
B．She wants to make more friends.
C．She’s going abroad.
11．What does the woman find difficult in learning Russian
A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar.
12．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．Read Russian aloud every morning.
B．Do more grammar practice and reflect.
C．Memorize the words frequently.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．Why will the man go to California
A．For sightseeing. B．For a wedding. C．For a meeting.
14．Where are the speakers
A．In Texas. B．In Nevada. C．In Alaska.
15．How much does the man need to pay
A．$300. B．$320. C．$340.
16．How will the man pay
A．By check. B．By bank card. C．In cash.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where does the speaker come from
A．America. B．Australia. C．England.
18．What do English people think of Americans
A．Friendly. B．Quiet. C．Humorous.
19．What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England
A．Play with his friends. B．Watch comedy shows. C．Have a cup of tea
20．What did the speaker find amazing in England
A．The TV programs. B．The old buildings. C．The tea shops.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’ re a fearless adventurer seeking a scenic climb or a beginner outdoorsman eager to be close to nature, these four camping destinations will change your life.
Laugavegur, Iceland
Before snow falls upon the changeable rhyolite (流纹岩) mountains, book a cottage or a tent in the camp city as wild camping is not permitted here. Professionals advise hiking from north to south, which takes you across lava fields, wildflower-spotted grasslands, and to the twin glaciers (冰川) Eyjafjallaj kull and Mydralsj kull. Along the way, the mountains covered with various colors will appeal to you.
High Atlas Mountains, Morocco
Morocco’s most typical range is a bucket-list camping destination for daring travelers. Pass through remote Berber villages and walk a long way from hot desert to snow-capped peaks. You can follow ancient animal paths, though guides in this area are highly suggested. Many will employ the use of a camel to help with the load.
Tierra del Fuego, Chile
Tierra del Fuego is an explorer’s dream. Take a cross-border journey from Argentina to Chile through Radman and set up camp along one of the glacial lakes Blanco or Ofhidro. Animals like beavers are common in this area, and so are condors (秃鹰). Bed down in the grasslands beneath Jebel M’ goun, an extremely quiet peak.
Main Range, Kosciuszko National Park, Australia
Whether you fill your days with passing over the country’ s highest mountains, watching snowfalls or fishing in the glacial lakes, make sure to spend an evening appreciating the starry sky, which is certain to inspire awe (敬畏) in anyone witnessing this sight.
21．What is necessary to camp in Laugavegur according to the text
A．Protection for grasslands. B．Permission for campsites.
C．Reservation for accommodation. D．Recommendation from professionals.
22．Who may be most attracted by both High Atlas Mountains and Tierra del Fuego
A．Leisure seekers. B．Camping amateurs.
C．Wildlife researchers. D．Adventure enthusiasts.
23．What is highly recommended in Kosciuszko National Park
A．Catching fish. B．Admiring stars.
C．Climbing mountains. D．Appreciating glaciers.
B
My daughter has a new app on her phone that can brighten up old photographs. She used it to make copies of pictures from my old photo albums look better, and emailed them back to me. There were pictures of Mom, Dad, my brothers, me and my first dog, Duke. Looking at them brought back so many loving and happy memories. I even put one on my computer as my new screen saver.
It is a picture of me sitting in my favorite chair, next to a bookcase full of old books. I am wearing my special sweatshirt and hugging Duke. There is a big smile on my face. It was howl spent a lot of my winter afternoons as a boy, hugging Duke and reading old books.
It is strange that the boy still lives inside me 50 years later. I still love comfortable chairs, warm stoves, sweatshirts, hugging dogs and reading books on cold, winter days. Yet, when I look in the mirror now, all I see are thinning and graying hair, age spots and lots of wrinkles. The only thing that hasn’t completely changed in that reflection is my eyes. They are hiding behind glasses now. They are set a little deeper in my eye sockets (眼窝). Only the innocence in them has been replaced with wisdom. But they still have that same joyfulness.
Looking at the little boy smiling at me from the computer screen and that 56-year-old man looking back at me in the mirror can be a bit confusing at times. They seem so different. Still, they are both me. It is one of those things we have to deal with being eternal (永久的) souls living inside temporary bodies. Perhaps the best thing we can do is to pay less attention to those reflections in the mirror and more to the reflections of our lives. We are all here to reflect back love to everyone here on Earth. And when we do, we remain both joyful and forever young.
24．What did the author’s daughter do with her new app on her phone
A．She brightened up his old pictures. B．She put several pictures into his emails.
C．She searched for a screensaver for him. D．She created a scene about his childhood.
25．What can we know about the author as a boy
A．He often felt lonely. B．He loved reading books.
C．He was forced to study. D．He was quite troublesome.
26．What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 3
A．His hobbies have changed a lot. B．He is annoyed about his looks.
C．Time leaves few marks on him. D．He is a happy and mature man.
27．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．Aging is unavoidable for everyone. B．A happy childhood is very important.
C．Loving others can bring us happiness. D．We should take good care of ourselves.
C
The Greek philosopher Heraclitus taught that you can’t step into the same river twice, for you aren’t the same person at each visit, and the water is ever flowing. It is a powerful way to represent the reality of impermanence: Everything is always changing.
Many people have tense relationships with change. They deny it, resist it or attempt to control it- the result of which is almost always some combination of stress, anxiety, and burnout. It doesn’t have to be that way.
A concept called allostasis can help. Developed in the late 1980s by a neuroscientist, Peter Sterling, and a biologist, Joseph Eyer, allostasis is defined as “stability through change,” elegantly showing the concept’s double meaning: The way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing, at least to some extent.
The river of change has been flowing mercilessly, and it shows no signs of letting up. Societally, we’ve gone through a pandemic (大流行病), its economic decline and the widespread adoption of social media, the combination of which has shifted how we live and work. In our personal lives, we continue to do what we have always done: relocate, start jobs, quit jobs, change jobs, get promoted, experience illness, get married, have children, retire and on and on.
Finding ways in this river requires both ruggedness and flexibility. To be rugged is to be tough and determined, to know your core values and what you stand for. To be flexible is to actively respond to changing circumstances, to adapt and bend easily without breaking, to grow and even change your mind. Put these qualities together and the result is a great endurance, one that helps you maintain your strong core even in fragile moments. It allows you to step into allostasis’s cycle of order, disorder and reorder — which is, of course, one and the same with stepping into Heraclitus’s river —and to chart it skillfully and whenever possible, to your own benefit.
28．What do we know about allostasis
A．It is a contradictory concept. B．It tends to focus on change.
C．It advocates dynamic stability. D．It claims absolute adaptability.
29．Which of the following best explains “letting up” underlined in paragraph 4
A．Being pumped. B．Slowing down. C．Getting polluted. D．Rising up.
30．What will you gain from practicing allostasis according to the last paragraph
A．Popularity. B．Confidence. C．Recognition. D．Perseverance.
31．What is the best title for the passage
A．Say No to Stability B．Stop Resisting Change
C．Fight for Flexibility D．Balance Life and Work
D
Scientists find when tiny plastics end up in farm fields, the pollution can impair plant growth. But two young researchers now report that combining fungi (真菌) with certain farm wastes can partially overcome that problem. May Shin, 20, and Jiwon Choi, 18, presented their discovery at the 2023 Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair(ISEF).
The pair met in a research design class at the Fryeburg Academy, a high school in Maine. May had wanted to explore how microplastics might affect the ecosystem. Jiwon was fascinated by plants and fungi. The young scientists shared their interests, May says, to test how long-lived plastics might affect farm crops—and how to limit any harm.
May and Jiwon planted more than 2,000 scallion (韭葱) seeds in pots of soil. Half the seeds got soil polluted with microplastics. The rest grew in plastic-free soil. The plants assigned to each soil were further divided into four groups. The young scientists added certain microscopic fungi to the soil in one group. Another group had a top layer of farm wastes. A third group got both treatments. The last group got none. For three weeks, the pair tracked how many scallions sprouted (萌芽) in each group and measured the plants’ height once each week.
About twice as many scallions sprouted in clean soil compared to that containing plastic bits. But among plants surviving in the polluted soil, a combination of microscopic fungi and farm wastes helped them out. Those getting both treatments grew 5.4 centimeters(about 2 inches)per week. That was faster than either of the treatments alone or those getting none. It was slower, however, than scallions planted in clean soil. They grew 7.2 centimeters(2.8 inches)per week.
In the future, the two young scientists hope to continue testing microscopic fungi and farm wastes under other conditions. Their goal is to see how other factors might change the plants’ response to the soil treatments.
32．What can we learn about May and Jiwon from the first two paragraphs
A．They met in a college.
B．They grow fungi at home.
C．They like to collect farm wastes.
D．They worked together harmoniously.
33．Why did the writer give detailed description to the test in paragraph 3
A．To examine the different plants.
B．To build a scientific model.
C．To show the reliability of the test.
D．To arouse the readers’ interest.
34．What can be found from the result of the test
A．Farm wastes help sprout most in polluted soil.
B．Microscopic fungi helps sprout most in polluted soil.
C．Scallions sprout better in clean soil than in polluted soil.
D．Plants grow better in polluted soil with wastes than in clean soil.
35．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The two scientists are determined.
B．There are many ways to treat soils.
C．Farm wastes will be more valuable.
D．Microscopic fungi will be widely used.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you understand the fable of the frog in the boiling water, it is time to learn how to avoid becoming the frog and make positive changes so that you can succeed and live your dream life. Here are a few tips you can follow.
36 You don’t want to go through every day without having a clear direction. The first thing you want to do to create a better future is to identify what kind of future you desire. Once you have a clear direction, you can run as fast as you can to get there.
Make a plan and work on it every day. Besides knowing what you want, you need to also know what you need to do to get there. 37 Every one of us wants to have a better future, but most people don’t know what to do to get there. This is why having a plan is important. Once you have a plan, all you need to do is stick to your plan and take massive action.
Take consistent action. Identifying your goals and knowing your plan is just a foundation step to achieving the success you want. You also need to take action and work on your goals if you want to achieve them. 38
Improve yourself regularly. Just like your phone, you update your mobile phone from time to time so that the software is the latest. 39 Constantly update and improve yourself so that you can perform at your best. If you want to be financially rich, you can’t just do nothing about your finances. 40 You need to learn how to manage your wealth too.
Always remember the story of the frog in the boiling water. And follow the tips I shared about to “hedge” yourself against the impact of gradual changes.
A．Create your future today, not tomorrow.
B．You need to track, plan, invest, and save.
C．You need to do the same to yourself.
D．Set a goal and never turn aside along the way.
E．Therefore, create an action plan for your goal.
F．Avoiding being “cooked” in an environment matters.
G．You can’t think about your dream, just praying over there.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Girls are better at reading and writing than boys as early as fourth grade, according to a study, and the gap continues to widen until senior year.
Scientists generally agree that boys and girls are psychologically more alike than they are different. But reading seems to be a(n) 41 , with growing evidence suggesting a similar 42 in writing. The study, published in the journal American Psychologist, provided further 43 to support this view.
David Reilly, lead author of the study, said the study 44 the commonly held view that boys and girls start grade school with the same cognitive abilities. “It appears that the gender gap for writing tasks has been greatly 45 , and despite our best efforts with changes in teaching methods, that does not appear to be 46 over time,” he said.
Factors explaining the results could include learning 47 being more prevalent among boys; the pressure to conform to masculine (男子汉的) ideals and the idea of reading and language being feminine (女性的); and slight 48 in how boys and girls use their brain hemispheres (半球), the authors believe.
To investigate how 49 levels differed between boys and girls in the U.S., the team studied data collected over three decades in the National Assessment of Educational Progress. This database of test scores on over 3 million students in the fourth, eighth, and twelfth grades 50 national and state performances in a range of subjects, and considered such variables such as disabilities or whether children were English learners. Reading and writing was 51 according to children’s understanding of a range of different passages and genres.
52 , girls were found to perform significantly better in reading and writing tests by fourth grade when compared with boys of the same age. As children progressed to eighth and twelfth grades, girls continued to 53 boys, but the difference was more noticeable in writing than reading. But what caused this difference in abilities Evidence suggests 54 problems, such as being disruptive（扰乱性的） in class or being aggressive could be linked to neurological conditions. What is known as lateralization (偏侧化) could also play a role. Boys are believed to use one hemisphere when reading or writing, while girls appear to use both. The data did not, however, provide evidence to argue 55 the two genders having different learning styles.
41．A．distinction B．exception C．objection D．limitation
42．A．pattern B．standard C．circumstance D．feature
43．A．strategy B．signal C．sign D．evidence
44．A．confirmed B．represented C．questioned D．introduced
45．A．underestimated B．overemphasized C．underrepresented D．justified
46．A．increasing B．promoting C．accepting D．reducing
47．A．objectives B．drills C．difficulties D．advantages
48．A．contributions B．differences C．communications D．similarities
49．A．literacy B．literary C．academic D．cognitive
50．A．pulled down B．settled down C．turned down D．broke down
51．A．granted B．measured C．designed D．engineered
52．A．Likewise B．Overall C．However D．Besides
53．A．overtake B．discourage C．parallel D．distinguish
54．A．psychological B．emotional C．behavioral D．mental
55．A．in line with B．at the mercy of C．on account of D．in favor of
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a 56 (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a 57 (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain 58 supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby 59 (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, 60 control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on 61 (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of 62 (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent 63 the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team 64 (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability 65 (control) our appetite.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假设你是李华，近期你收到“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目组邀请为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，请你给节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨相关事宜，内容包括：
1. 感谢邀请;
2. 告知演讲话题并说明原因;
3. 期待回信。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Emma,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a beautiful sunny morning in early summer, when the world seemed full of sunlight and new green leaves. I was in a good mood as my parents had just given me $300 for my daily expenses during the week that they would be away in Mexico to visit my mother’s sick grandfather. I was extremely overjoyed, thinking hard about the things I could do with the money. If I survived on bread and butter the whole week, I would have an unexpected windfall of $ 200 to buy the latest Kobe Bryant basketball shoes! What a terrific idea!
As usual, the physical education class was thrilling. I felt most at case on the basketball court. After playing several fierce games, I could hardly catch my breath as I headed back towards the classroom, sweaty and exhausted. When I entered, I found my classmates gathered around Steven’s desk as he searched through his books and some other personal items anxiously. Steven had always been popular. Not only was he intelligent and well-mannered, but he also came from a well-off family. And he shared everything he had with us.
Right away, I learned Steven had lost the money he would donate to a children’s welfare institute that afternoon. Then I informed Miss Jones, the class teacher. She rushed over immediately and organized a search around the classroom. We stood by our desks and emptied the contents of our schoolbags onto the desk for inspection.
It was my turn. As Miss Jones took out the $ 300 from my wallet, the class fell into a shock. I didn’t know the amount lost was exactly $ 300 until then. I kept proving my innocence, but in vain. Miss Jones confiscated (没收) the $ 300 and decided I was getting kicked out of the school. I stayed home alone the whole week, living only on bread. I felt wronged, angry, and loss of self-esteem.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, my parents returned home and talked with me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Miss Jones had just accepted my parents’ advice when Steven came.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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