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高考英语阅读理解高频词汇超详细梳理（艺术类）
单词详解
1. civilize (vt.) / s v la z/ 使开化，使文明
例句: The ancient Greeks believed that art and philosophy could civilize people and societies. (古希腊人相信艺术和哲学可以使人和社会开化。)
同义词: refine, cultivate, educate
反义词: barbarize
搭配: civilize a society (使社会文明)
拓展词组: civilization (n. 文明), civilized (adj. 文明的)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "civil" (adj. 公民的) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Civilize: 指使人或社会变得更加文明、开化。
Refine: 指使事物变得更加精致、优雅。
Cultivate: 指培养、发展某种品质或技能。
2. inspire (vt. & vi.) / n spa / 影响，使...感动, 激发，煽动, 吸入
例句: The artist's work inspired many young people to pursue their own creative passions. (这位艺术家的作品激励了许多年轻人追求自己的创作热情。)
同义词: motivate, encourage, influence, stimulate
反义词: discourage, hinder
搭配: inspire someone to do something (激励某人做某事)
拓展词组: inspiration (n. 灵感), inspired (adj. 受启发的)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "perspire" (vi. 出汗) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Inspire: 指激发、鼓舞他人产生某种想法或行动。
Motivate: 指促使某人采取行动或努力实现目标。
Encourage: 指给予某人支持和信心。
3. compose (vt. & vi.) /k m po z/ 组成, 写作, 作曲, 使镇静, 创作
例句: The composer spent years composing his masterpiece. (这位作曲家花了数年时间创作他的杰作。)
同义词: create, write, design, calm
反义词: decompose, disorganize
搭配: compose a song (作曲), compose oneself (使自己镇静)
拓展词组: composition (n. 作品, 作文), composer (n. 作曲家)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "oppose" (vt. 反对) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Compose: 指创作或构成某个整体，例如音乐、文章等。
Create: 指创造新的事物或想法。
Write: 指用文字表达思想或创作作品。
4. draw (v. & n.) /dr / 拉, 拖, 挨近, 提取, 画, 绘制, 平局; 抽签; 拉, 拽吸引人的事物
例句: The artist drew a beautiful portrait of the model. (这位艺术家画了一幅美丽的模特肖像。)
同义词: (v.) pull, sketch, attract, (n.) tie, draw
反义词: (v.) push, repel
搭配: draw a picture (画画), draw attention (吸引注意力)
拓展词组: drawing (n. 绘画), drawer (n. 抽屉)
易错点拨: 注意 "draw" 作为动词和名词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Draw (v.): 可以指拉、拖、吸引，也可以指绘画、素描。
Draw (n.): 可以指平局、抽签，也可以指吸引人的事物。
Pull: 通常指用力拉动某物。
Sketch: 通常指快速、简略地画出某物的轮廓。
5. represent (vt. & vi.) / repr zent/ 表现, 表示, 描绘, 代表, 提出异议
例句: The painting represents the artist's vision of the future. (这幅画表现了艺术家对未来的展望。)
同义词: symbolize, depict, portray, stand for
反义词: misrepresent
搭配: represent an idea (表达想法), represent a country (代表国家)
拓展词组: representation (n. 代表, 代表作), representative (n. 代表)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "present" (v. 呈现) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Represent: 指代表、象征或描绘某事物。
Symbolize: 指用符号或象征物代表某事物。
Depict: 指用图画或文字描述某事物。
Portray: 指描绘或表现某人的性格或外貌。
6. convert (v. & n.) /k n v rt/ 使转变, 使...改变信仰, 倒置, 皈依者, 改宗者
例句: The artist converted the old warehouse into a stunning studio space. (艺术家将旧仓库改造成一个令人惊叹的工作室空间。)
同义词: (v.) transform, change, adapt, (n.) proselyte
反义词: (v.) revert
搭配: convert something into something (将…转换成…)
拓展词组: conversion (n. 转变), convertible (adj. 可转换的)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "concert" (n. 音乐会) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Convert: 指改变事物的形式、功能或信仰。
Transform: 指彻底改变事物的性质或外观。
Change: 指事物发生变化，可以是任何形式的变化。
Adapt: 指使事物适应新的环境或条件。
7. preach (vi. & vt.) /pri t / 传道, 宣扬, 讲道, 说教
例句: The artist used his work to preach a message of peace and understanding. (艺术家用他的作品宣扬和平与理解的信息。)
同义词: advocate, proclaim, evangelize, moralize
反义词: denounce
搭配: preach a sermon (讲道), preach about something (宣扬某事)
拓展词组: preacher (n. 传教士), preaching (n. 说教)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "teach" (v. 教) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Preach: 通常指宗教或道德方面的宣讲，带有一定的劝导和教导意味。
Advocate: 指公开支持或拥护某种观点或事业。
Proclaim: 指正式或公开宣布某事。
Evangelize: 指传播福音，使人皈依基督教。
8. modify (vt. & vi.) / m d fa / 修改,调正,缓和, 修改
例句: The sculptor modified the design slightly before casting the bronze statue. (雕塑家在铸造铜像之前稍微修改了设计。)
同义词: alter, change, adjust, adapt
反义词: maintain, preserve
搭配: modify a plan (修改计划), modify behavior (改变行为)
拓展词组: modification (n. 修改), modified (adj. 修改过的)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "magnify" (vt. 放大) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Modify: 指对事物进行部分改变或调整。
Alter: 指改变事物的形式或性质。
Change: 指事物发生变化，可以是任何形式的变化。
Adjust: 指微调或校正某事物。
9. concrete (n., adj., vt. &vi.) / k kri t/ 水泥,混凝土, 具体的,实在的,水泥的, 凝结,结合
例句: The museum's modern architecture features large expanses of glass and concrete. (这座博物馆的现代建筑以大面积的玻璃和混凝土为特色。)
同义词: (adj.) specific, tangible, definite, (n.) cement
反义词: (adj.) abstract, vague, indefinite
搭配: concrete example (具体的例子), concrete jungle (水泥丛林)
拓展词组: concretize (v. 使具体化), concretion (n. 凝结物)
易错点拨: 注意 "concrete" 作为名词和形容词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Concrete (n.): 指建筑材料混凝土。
Concrete (adj.): 指具体的、实在的、明确的，与抽象相对。
Specific: 指明确的、具体的、有针对性的。
Tangible: 指有形的、可触摸的。
Definite: 指明确的、确定的、不容置疑的。
10. relevant (adj.) / rel v nt/ 相关的, 切题的, 中肯的
例句: The artist's work is still relevant to contemporary audiences. (这位艺术家的作品仍然与当代观众相关。)
同义词: pertinent, applicable, appropriate, related
反义词: irrelevant, inapplicable
搭配: relevant to something (与…相关)
拓展词组: relevance (n. 相关性), relevancy (n. 相关性)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "reverent" (adj. 虔诚的) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Relevant: 指与当前主题或问题相关。
**Pertinent: **指切题的、中肯的、恰当的。
**Applicable: **指可应用的、适用的。
**Appropriate: **指合适的、恰当的。
11. original (adj. & n.) / r d nl/ 最初的, 原始的; 有独创性的, 原版的, 原件, 原稿; 有独创性的人, 怪人
例句: The artist is known for her original and thought-provoking works. (这位艺术家以其原创且发人深省的作品而闻名。)
同义词: (adj.) creative, innovative, unique, (n.) prototype, source
反义词: (adj.) unoriginal, copied, (n.) copy, imitation
搭配: original idea (原创想法), original painting (原作)
拓展词组: originality (n. 原创性), originate (v. 起源)
易错点拨: 注意 "original" 作为形容词和名词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Original (adj.): 指原创的、独创的、新颖的。
Original (n.): 指原作、原件、原型。
Creative: 指有创造力的、富有想象力的。
Innovative: 指创新的、革新的。
Unique: 指独一无二的、与众不同的。
12. profound (adj.) /pr fa nd/ 极深的,深奥的,深厚的,严重的
例句: The artist's work had a profound impact on the development of modern art. (这位艺术家的作品对现代艺术的发展产生了深远的影响。)
同义词: deep, insightful, significant, serious
反义词: shallow, superficial, insignificant
搭配: profound effect (深远的影响), profound thought (深刻的思想)
拓展词组: profundity (n. 深刻), profoundly (adv. 深刻地)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "profoundly" (adv. 深刻地) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Profound: 指深刻的、深奥的、有意义的。
Deep: 可以指物理上的深度，也可以指思想或感情的深度。
Insightful: 指有洞察力的、深刻的。
Significant: 指重要的、有意义的。
13. remarkable (adj.) /r mɑ rk bl/ 显着的, 异常的, 非凡的, 值得注意的
例句: The young artist displayed remarkable talent at an early age. (这位年轻的艺术家从小就展现出非凡的天赋。)
同义词: extraordinary, exceptional, outstanding, noteworthy
反义词: ordinary, unremarkable
搭配: remarkable achievement (非凡的成就), remarkable person (杰出的人)
拓展词组: remarkably (adv. 显著地), remark (v. 评论)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "remark" (v. 评论) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Remarkable: 指值得注意的、非凡的、出色的。
Extraordinary: 指超出寻常的、非同寻常的。
Exceptional: 指例外的、杰出的、优秀的。
Outstanding: 指突出的、杰出的、优秀的。
14. abstract (n., adj., vt. & vi.) / bstr kt/ 摘要,抽象的东西, 抽象的,理论的, 移除,摘要,偷, 做摘要
例句: The artist's abstract paintings were full of vibrant colors and bold shapes. (这位艺术家的抽象画充满了鲜艳的色彩和大胆的形状。)
同义词: (adj.) theoretical, conceptual, (n.) summary, synopsis
反义词: (adj.) concrete, specific, (n.) example
搭配: abstract art (抽象艺术), abstract idea (抽象概念)
拓展词组: abstraction (n. 抽象), abstractly (adv. 抽象地)
易错点拨: 注意 "abstract" 作为名词、形容词和动词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Abstract (n.): 指摘要、概要或抽象的概念。
Abstract (adj.): 指抽象的、理论的、非具象的。
Abstract (v.): 指提取、摘录或偷窃。
Theoretical: 指理论上的、假设的、非实际的。
Conceptual: 指概念上的、抽象的。
15. supplement (n. & vt.) / s pl m nt/ 补充物,增刊, 补充,增补
例句: The art history textbook came with a supplement of color plates. (这本艺术史教科书附带了一本彩色插图增刊。)
同义词: (n.) addition, appendix, (vt.) add to, enhance
反义词: (n.) deduction, (vt.) subtract from
搭配: supplement information (补充信息), supplement income (补充收入)
拓展词组: supplementary (adj. 补充的), supplementation (n. 补充)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "compliment" (n. 赞美) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Supplement (n.): 指补充物、增刊或附加信息。
Supplement (vt.): 指补充、添加或增强。
Addition: 指增加的部分或事物。
Appendix: 指附录、附件。
Enhance: 指增强、改进或提高。
16. symbol (n.) / s mb l/ 符号, 标志, 象征
例句: The dove is a symbol of peace. (鸽子是和平的象征。)
同义词: sign, emblem, representation, token
反义词: N/A
搭配: symbol of something (…的象征)
拓展词组: symbolic (adj. 象征性的), symbolize (v. 象征)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "cymbal" (n. 钹) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Symbol: 指代表某种意义或概念的符号或标志。
Sign: 指指示、警告或提供信息的标志。
Emblem: 指代表组织、国家或团体的徽章或标志。
17. orchestra (n.) / rk str / 管弦乐队
例句: The orchestra played a beautiful symphony by Beethoven. (管弦乐队演奏了贝多芬的一首优美的交响曲。)
同义词: ensemble, band, philharmonic
反义词: N/A
搭配: symphony orchestra (交响乐团), chamber orchestra (室内乐团)
拓展词组: orchestral (adj. 管弦乐队的), orchestrate (v. 编排)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "architecture" (n. 建筑学) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Orchestra: 指大型的器乐合奏团体，通常包括弦乐器、木管乐器、铜管乐器和打击乐器。
Ensemble: 指人数较少的器乐或声乐合奏团体。
Band: 指演奏流行音乐或爵士乐的乐队。
18. rhythm (n.) / r m/ 节奏,韵律
例句: The dancer moved gracefully to the rhythm of the music. (舞者随着音乐的节奏优雅地舞动。)
同义词: beat, tempo, pulse, cadence
反义词: N/A
搭配: keep rhythm (保持节奏), rhythmic (adj. 有节奏的)
拓展词组: rhythmic pattern (节奏模式), out of rhythm (失去节奏)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "rhyme" (n. 押韵) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Rhythm: 指音乐或诗歌中声音的规律性重复或变化。
Beat: 指音乐中的基本节奏单位。
Tempo: 指音乐的速度。
Pulse: 指有规律的跳动或搏动。
19. tune (n., vt. & vi.) /tu n/ 旋律,音准,数量, 调音(频),调节,使和谐, 和谐,调频
例句: The singer has a beautiful tuneful voice. (这位歌手拥有优美动听的歌喉。)
同义词: (n.) melody, air, song, (v.) adjust, harmonize
反义词: (v.) detune
搭配: play a tune (演奏曲子), tune a guitar (调吉他)
拓展词组: tuneful (adj. 悦耳的), tuneless (adj. 不和谐的)
易错点拨: 注意 "tune" 作为名词和动词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Tune (n.): 指旋律、曲调或歌曲。
Tune (v.): 指调音、调节或使和谐。
Melody: 指一系列悦耳的声音，形成一个整体的音乐短语。
Air: 指歌曲的旋律或曲调。
Harmonize: 指使声音或事物和谐一致。
20. architect (n.) / ɑ k tekt/ 建筑师
例句: The architect designed a magnificent building that became a landmark of the city. (这位建筑师设计了一座宏伟的建筑，成为这座城市的标志性建筑。)
同义词: designer, planner, builder
反义词: N/A
搭配: design a building (设计建筑), architectural style (建筑风格)
拓展词组: architecture (n. 建筑学), architectural (adj. 建筑学的)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "archeologist" (n. 考古学家) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Architect: 指设计建筑物的专业人士。
Designer: 指设计各种物品或环境的专业人士。
Planner: 指规划城市或区域发展的专业人士。
21. religion (n.) /r l d n/ 宗教;宗教信仰
例句: Religion has been a major source of inspiration for artists throughout history. (宗教一直是历史上艺术家灵感的主要来源。)
同义词: faith, belief, creed, denomination
反义词: N/A
搭配: practice a religion (信奉宗教), religious art (宗教艺术)
拓展词组: religious (adj. 宗教的), religiously (adv. 虔诚地)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "region" (n. 地区) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Religion: 指信仰超自然力量或神的信仰体系，通常包括一套教义、仪式和道德规范。
Faith: 指对某人或某事的坚定信念，不一定与宗教相关。
Belief: 指对某事的看法或观点。
22. belief (n.) /b li f/ 相信, 信念, 信仰
例句: The artist's belief in the power of art to change the world is reflected in her work. (艺术家相信艺术改变世界的力量，这反映在她的作品中。)
同义词: faith, conviction, trust, creed
反义词: disbelief, doubt
搭配: belief in something (对…的信仰), religious belief (宗教信仰)
拓展词组: believe (v. 相信), believer (n. 信徒)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "leave" (v. 离开) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Belief: 指对某事或某人的看法或观点，认为其是真实的或正确的。
Faith: 指对某人或某事的坚定信念，即使没有证据或证明。
Conviction: 指坚定的信念或确信。
23. balcony (n.) / b lk ni/ 阳台
例句: The opera singer stood on the balcony and serenaded the crowd below. (歌剧演员站在阳台上，为下面的观众演唱。)
同义词: terrace, veranda, porch
反义词: N/A
搭配: balcony scene (阳台场景), step out onto the balcony (走到阳台上)
拓展词组: N/A
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "baloney" (n. 胡说八道) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Balcony: 指建筑物外墙上突出的小平台，通常有栏杆或围墙。
Terrace: 指房屋一层或屋顶上的平台，通常用于休闲或娱乐。
Veranda: 指房屋一层或多层环绕的平台，通常有屋顶和栏杆。
24. bolt (n., vt., vi. & adv.) /bo lt/ 门闩,突发,螺钉,剑弩,闪电, 闩住,用螺栓固定在一起,狼吞虎咽, 冲出去,急逃, 背部挺直地坐或站
例句: The artist bolted upright in bed, suddenly inspired by a new idea. (艺术家突然从床上坐起来，被一个新的想法所启发。)
同义词: (n.) fastener, flash, (v.) fasten, dash, (adv.) suddenly
反义词: (v.) unfasten, linger
搭配: bolt the door (闩门), a bolt of lightning (一道闪电)
拓展词组: thunderbolt (n. 霹雳), bolt from the blue (晴天霹雳)
易错点拨: 注意 "bolt" 作为名词、动词和副词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Bolt (n.): 可以指门闩、螺栓、闪电等。
Bolt (v.): 可以指闩住、固定、冲出去等。
Bolt (adv.): 指突然地、迅速地。
Fasten: 指使物体固定或连接在一起。
Dash: 指快速跑动或移动。
25. conjunction (n.) /k n d k n/ 连词, 结合, 关联,(事件等的)同时发生
例句: The artist's work explored the conjunction of art and technology. (艺术家的作品探索了艺术与技术的结合。)
同义词: connection, combination, union, association
反义词: disjunction, separation
搭配: conjunction of events (事件的同時发生), in conjunction with (与…一起)
拓展词组: conjunct (adj. 连接的), conjoin (v. 连接)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "junction" (n. 连接点) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Conjunction: 指连接词或同时发生的事情或情况。
Connection: 指事物之间的关系或联系。
Combination: 指将事物组合或混合在一起。
Union: 指将事物或人联合在一起。
26. tone (n. & vt.) /to n/ 音调,语气,品质,调子,色调, 使更健壮,装腔作势地说, 定调, 调色
例句: The artist used a variety of tones and shades to create a sense of depth in the painting. (艺术家运用各种色调和阴影在画作中营造出一种深度感。)
同义词: (n.) shade, hue, mood, (v.) tint, adjust
反义词: (n.) N/A
搭配: tone of voice (语气), set the tone (定调)
拓展词组: tonal (adj. 音调的), tonality (n. 调性)
易错点拨: 注意 "tone" 作为名词和动词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Tone (n.): 可以指音调、语气、色调或氛围。
Tone (v.): 指调节颜色或使肌肉更健壮。
Shade: 指颜色的深浅变化。
Hue: 指颜色的种类或色相。
Mood: 指情绪或氛围。
27. sketch (n. & vt.) /sket / 素描,草图,概述,小品, 描绘略图
例句: The artist made a quick sketch of the landscape before starting the painting. (在开始绘画之前，艺术家快速地画了一幅风景速写。)
同义词: (n.) drawing, outline, (v.) draw, outline
反义词: N/A
搭配: sketch a portrait (画肖像速写), a rough sketch (草图)
拓展词组: sketching (n. 素描), sketchy (adj. 草率的)
易错点拨: 注意 "sketch" 作为名词和动词的用法和含义。
例句辨析:
Sketch (n.): 指素描、草图或简短的描述。
Sketch (v.): 指画素描或草图。
Drawing: 指绘画作品，可以是详细的或简略的。
Outline: 指事物的轮廓或概要。
28. pursuit (n.) /p r su t/ 追求, 追赶, 工作
例句: The artist dedicated her life to the pursuit of artistic excellence. (这位艺术家毕生致力于追求艺术的卓越。)
同义词: quest, chase, occupation, career
反义词: avoidance
搭配: in pursuit of something (追求某事)
拓展词组: pursue (v. 追求), pursuer (n. 追求者)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "persuit" (n. 追求) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Pursuit: 指追求、追赶或从事某项活动。
Quest: 指漫长而艰辛的寻求或探索。
Chase: 指追赶或追逐。
Occupation: 指职业或工作。
29. literature (n.) / l tr t r/ 文学, 文献
例句: Literature has always been a rich source of inspiration for artists, musicians, and filmmakers. (文学一直是艺术家、音乐家和电影制作人的丰富灵感来源。)
同义词: writings, books, literary works
反义词: N/A
搭配: English literature (英国文学), world literature (世界文学)
拓展词组: literary (adj. 文学的), literate (adj. 有文化的)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "literally" (adv. 确实地) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Literature: 指具有艺术价值或智力价值的书面作品，例如小说、诗歌、戏剧等。
Writings: 指任何形式的书面作品。
Books: 指书籍，可以是任何类型或主题的书籍。
30. gallery (n.) / ɡ l ri/ 美术馆, 画廊, 顶层楼座, 狭长的房间
例句: The artist's paintings were exhibited in a prestigious gallery in New York City. (这位艺术家的画作在纽约市一家著名的画廊展出。)
同义词: museum, exhibition hall, art space
反义词: N/A
搭配: art gallery (美术馆), photo gallery (摄影展览)
拓展词组: gallery owner (画廊老板), gallery opening (画廊开幕)
易错点拨: 注意拼写，不要与 "gallery" (n. 阳台) 混淆。
例句辨析:
Gallery: 指展示和销售艺术品的场所，也可以指美术馆或博物馆中用于展览的房间。
Museum: 指收藏和展览历史、科学或艺术品的机构。
Exhibition hall: 指用于展览各种物品的场所。
练习：
一、根据中文释义选择合适的单词填空：
这幅画__________ (象征) 着艺术家对自然的热爱。 (symbol, represent)
这个博物馆收藏了许多__________ (无价的) 艺术品。 (priceless, valuable)
她从小就展现出__________ (非凡的) 音乐天赋。 (remarkable, ordinary)
这部小说被改编成了一部__________ (成功的) 电影。 (successful, popular)
他__________ (致力于) 追求摄影的艺术。 (pursued, devoted)
二、选择合适的单词或短语完成句子：
The dancer moved with grace and __________ (rhythm, rhyme) to the music.
The artist used bold brushstrokes and vibrant colors to __________ (depict, inspire) the energy of the city.
The museum curator carefully __________ (modified, preserved) the ancient artifact.
The singer's powerful voice __________ (captivated, polluted) the audience.
She __________ (preferred, possessed) a deep passion for painting.
三、根据英文释义写出相应的单词：
A person who designs buildings: __________
A group of musicians who play together: __________
A place where works of art are displayed and sold: __________
The quality of being important or meaningful: __________
A short description or summary: __________
四、完成句子，每空一词：
The artist's __________ (信仰) in the power of art to heal is evident in her work.
The __________ (阳台) offered a stunning view of the cityscape.
He __________ (修改) the design of the sculpture before casting it in bronze.
The __________ (管弦乐队) performance was met with thunderous applause.
She __________ (赠送) her friend a painting as a birthday gift.
五、用所给单词的适当形式填空：
The museum's collection of __________ (original) paintings is renowned worldwide.
The artist's __________ (profound) understanding of human emotions is reflected in his work.
The dancer's movements were perfectly __________ (synchronize) with the music.
The __________ (construct) of the new opera house took several years to complete.
He was deeply __________ (inspire) by the beauty of the natural world.
六、阅读理解
Music, a universal language that transcends cultural boundaries and speaks to the soul, has been an integral part of human civilization for millennia. From ancient tribal rhythms to modern symphonies, music has the power to evoke emotions, inspire creativity, and foster a sense of community.
The emotional impact of music is undeniable. A melancholic melody can bring tears to our eyes, while an upbeat tune can lift our spirits and make us want to dance. Music has the ability to tap into our deepest emotions, triggering memories, and transporting us to different times and places.
Moreover, music plays a crucial role in cultural expression and identity. Every culture has its own unique musical traditions, reflecting its history, values, and beliefs. Music serves as a powerful tool for storytelling, preserving cultural heritage, and passing down traditions from one generation to the next.
Furthermore, music has the ability to bring people together. Whether it’s singing in a choir, attending a concert, or simply sharing our favorite songs with friends, music fosters a sense of shared experience and community. It transcends language barriers and allows us to connect with others on an emotional level.
In addition to its cultural and social significance, music also offers cognitive benefits. Studies have shown that listening to music can improve memory, focus, and concentration. It can also enhance language skills and spatial reasoning abilities.
In conclusion, music is a powerful and multifaceted art form that has played a vital role in human history and continues to enrich our lives today. Its ability to evoke emotions, inspire creativity, foster community, and enhance cognitive function makes it a truly universal language that speaks to the soul.
1.What is the main idea of the passage
a) The history of music and its evolution over time.
b) The various genres and styles of music from different cultures.
c) The profound impact and universal appeal of music.
d) The technical aspects of music theory and composition.
2.According to the passage, what is one of the emotional impacts of music
a) It can induce feelings of boredom and indifference.
b) It can evoke a wide range of emotions, such as joy and sadness.
c) It can make people feel isolated and disconnected from others.
d) It can suppress creativity and imagination.
3.How does music contribute to cultural expression and identity
a) By promoting uniformity and conformity among different cultures.
b) By reflecting the unique traditions and values of each culture.
c) By erasing cultural differences and creating a globalized society.
d) By discouraging the preservation of cultural heritage.
4.The passage suggests that music can bring people together by:
a) Creating competition and rivalry among musicians and listeners.
b) Highlighting differences in musical tastes and preferences.
c) Fostering a sense of shared experience and community.
d) Encouraging isolation and solitary listening habits.
5.What is one cognitive benefit of listening to music
a) It can improve physical strength and athletic performance.
b) It can enhance memory and concentration.
c) It can reduce the need for sleep and rest.
d) It can eliminate the need for education and learning.
（二）
Art, in its myriad forms, has served as a mirror to society, reflecting its values, beliefs, and aspirations. It has also been a powerful tool for individual and collective expression, allowing us to explore our emotions, challenge the status quo, and envision alternative realities.
Throughout history, artists have played a crucial role in documenting and interpreting the human experience. From cave paintings depicting ancient hunting rituals to contemporary photographs capturing the complexities of modern life, art provides a visual record of our journey as a species. It allows us to connect with the past, understand the present, and contemplate the future.
Art also serves as a platform for social commentary and critique. Artists often use their work to address issues of injustice, inequality, and oppression. Through their creative expression, they can raise awareness, spark dialogue, and inspire action for positive social change.
Moreover, art has the power to transform individuals and communities. Engaging with art can foster empathy, understanding, and appreciation for diverse perspectives. It can also promote healing, resilience, and a sense of shared humanity. Art therapy, for example, has been shown to be effective in treating a range of mental and emotional health conditions.
The transformative power of art extends beyond individual experiences. Public art installations, community murals, and participatory art projects can revitalize neighborhoods, foster a sense of belonging, and promote civic engagement. Art can bring people together, bridge cultural divides, and create a more vibrant and inclusive society.
In conclusion, art plays a multifaceted and indispensable role in society. It reflects our values, challenges our assumptions, and inspires us to envision a better future. Art has the power to connect us to the past, illuminate the present, and shape the future. By embracing the transformative power of art, we can create a more just, equitable, and compassionate world.
1.What is the primary purpose of the passage
a) To argue that art is superior to other forms of cultural expression.
b) To discuss the various functions and significance of art in society.
c) To provide a historical overview of art movements and styles.
d) To compare and contrast different artistic disciplines and techniques.
2.How does art serve as a reflection of society
a) By ignoring social issues and focusing on aesthetics.
b) By portraying the values, beliefs, and aspirations of a society.
c) By promoting conformity and discouraging critical thinking.
d) By isolating individuals and preventing social interaction.
.According to the passage, how can art contribute to social change
a) By reinforcing existing power structures and inequalities.
b) By providing entertainment and escapism from social problems.
c) By raising awareness of social issues and inspiring action.
d) By promoting individualism and self-interest over collective action.
4.The passage suggests that art can transform communities by:
a) Creating division and conflict among different groups.
b) Fostering a sense of belonging and promoting civic engagement.
c) Encouraging conformity and discouraging diversity of thought.
d) Prioritizing economic development over social well-being.
5.What is the author’s overall perspective on the role of art in society
a) Art is a frivolous and unnecessary luxury.
b) Art should be strictly controlled and censored by the government.
c) Art plays a vital and transformative role in creating a better world.
d) Art should be limited to museums and galleries and not displayed in public spaces.
（三）
Architecture, the art and science of designing and constructing buildings, has shaped the human environment for millennia. From the towering pyramids of ancient Egypt to the sleek skyscrapers of modern cities, architecture reflects the cultural values, technological advancements, and aesthetic sensibilities of each era.
Early architectural styles were often influenced by religious beliefs and the availability of materials. The massive stone structures of ancient civilizations, such as the Parthenon in Greece and the Colosseum in Rome, demonstrate the engineering prowess and artistic vision of their builders. Medieval architecture, with its soaring cathedrals and fortified castles, reflects the religious and political power structures of the time.
The Renaissance period witnessed a renewed interest in classical forms and proportions, leading to the development of elegant and harmonious architectural styles. The Baroque era that followed embraced grandeur and ornamentation, while the Enlightenment emphasized reason and functionality.
The Industrial Revolution brought about significant advancements in building materials and construction techniques, paving the way for new architectural possibilities. The use of steel and glass allowed for the creation of taller and more complex structures, such as the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Chrysler Building in New York City.
Modern architecture is characterized by a diversity of styles and approaches. Some architects embrace minimalism and functionality, while others experiment with organic forms and sustainable materials. Contemporary architecture often reflects a concern for the environment and a desire to create buildings that are both aesthetically pleasing and energy-efficient.
In conclusion, architecture is a dynamic and evolving art form that reflects the changing needs and aspirations of society. From ancient wonders to modern marvels, architecture continues to shape our cities, inspire our imaginations, and provide a testament to human creativity and ingenuity.
1.What is the primary focus of the passage
a) The impact of climate change on architectural design.
b) The historical development and evolution of architecture.
c) A comparison of architectural styles from different countries.
d) The role of technology in the decline of traditional architecture.
2.According to the passage, what factors influenced early architectural styles
a) Economic prosperity and globalization.
b) Religious beliefs and available materials.
c) Advancements in transportation and communication.
d) The influence of social media and popular culture.
3.What architectural style is associated with a renewed interest in classical forms and proportions
a) Medieval architecture.
b) Renaissance architecture.
c) Baroque architecture.
d) Modern architecture.
4.The passage suggests that modern architecture is characterized by:
a) Uniformity and adherence to traditional styles.
b) A rejection of functionality and practicality.
c) Diversity of styles and approaches.
d) A disregard for environmental sustainability.
5.What is the author’s overall view of architecture
a) It is a stagnant and unchanging art form.
b) It is a declining field with little relevance in the modern world.
c) It is a dynamic and evolving art form that reflects societal changes.
d) It is an isolated discipline with no connection to other fields of study.
参考答案：
一、根据中文释义选择合适的单词填空：
答案： symbol
解析： "Symbol" 指代表某种意义或概念的符号或标志，符合句意。
答案： priceless
解析： "Priceless" 指无价的、极贵重的，符合句意。
答案： remarkable
解析： "Remarkable" 指非凡的、出色的，符合句意。
答案： successful
解析： "Successful" 指成功的、取得成就的，符合句意。
答案： devoted
解析： "Devoted" 指致力于、专注于，符合句意。
二、选择合适的单词或短语完成句子：
答案： rhythm
解析： "Rhythm" 指音乐或诗歌中声音的规律性重复或变化，符合句意。
答案： depict
解析： "Depict" 指用图画或文字描述某事物，符合句意。
答案： preserved
解析： "Preserved" 指保护或保存，符合句意。
答案： captivated
解析： "Captivated" 指吸引、迷住，符合句意。
答案： possessed
解析： "Possessed" 指拥有、具备，符合句意。
三、根据英文释义写出相应的单词：
答案： architect
答案： orchestra
答案： gallery
答案： significance
答案： sketch
四、完成句子，每空一词：
答案： belief
答案： balcony
答案： modified
答案： orchestra
答案： presented
五、用所给单词的适当形式填空：
答案： original
答案： profound
答案： synchronized
答案： construction
答案： inspired
六、阅读理解
（一）
答案： c) The profound impact and universal appeal of music.
解析： 文章主要探讨了音乐的深远影响和普遍吸引力，强调了它在情感、文化、社会和认知方面的重要性。
原文定位： 首段介绍了音乐作为一种通用语言的本质，以及它在人类文明中的重要地位。
答案： b) It can evoke a wide range of emotions, such as joy and sadness.
解析： 文章指出，音乐可以激发各种情绪，从悲伤到快乐，以及唤起记忆和将我们带到不同的时空。
原文定位： 第二段： "The emotional impact of music is undeniable. A melancholic melody can bring tears to our eyes, while an upbeat tune can lift our spirits and make us want to dance."
答案： b) By reflecting the unique traditions and values of each culture.
解析： 文章提到每个文化都有自己独特的音乐传统，反映了其历史、价值观和信仰，音乐成为文化表达和身份认同的有力工具。
原文定位： 第三段: "Moreover, music plays a crucial role in cultural expression and identity. Every culture has its own unique musical traditions, reflecting its history, values, and beliefs."
答案： c) Fostering a sense of shared experience and community.
解析： 文章指出，无论是合唱、参加音乐会还是与朋友分享歌曲，音乐都能培养一种共同体验和社区感，超越语言障碍，使人们在情感层面上建立联系。
原文定位： 第四段: "Furthermore, music has the ability to bring people together. ... music fosters a sense of shared experience and community. It transcends language barriers and allows us to connect with others on an emotional level."
答案： b) It can enhance memory and concentration.
解析： 文章提到研究表明，听音乐可以提高记忆力、注意力和专注力。
原文定位： 第五段: "In addition to its cultural and social significance, music also offers cognitive benefits. Studies have shown that listening to music can improve memory, focus, and concentration."
（二）
答案： b) To discuss the various functions and significance of art in society.
解析： 文章主要探讨了艺术在社会中的各种功能和意义，包括反映社会价值观、表达个人和集体情感、推动社会变革以及促进个人和社区的转变。
原文定位： 首段概述了艺术作为社会的一面镜子，以及它作为表达和变革工具的作用。
答案： b) By portraying the values, beliefs, and aspirations of a society.
解析： 文章指出，艺术通过描绘社会的价值观、信仰和愿望来反映社会，从古代洞穴壁画到当代摄影作品，艺术提供了人类旅程的视觉记录。
原文定位： 第二段: "Throughout history, artists have played a crucial role in documenting and interpreting the human experience. ... art provides a visual record of our journey as a species."
答案： c) By raising awareness of social issues and inspiring action.
解析： 文章提到艺术家经常利用他们的作品来解决不公正、不平等和压迫问题，通过他们的创作表达，可以提高人们的意识，引发对话，并激发人们采取行动，促进积极的社会变革。
原文定位： 第三段: "Art also serves as a platform for social commentary and critique. Artists often use their work to address issues of injustice, inequality, and oppression. Through their creative expression, they can raise awareness, spark dialogue, and inspire action for positive social change."
答案： b) Fostering a sense of belonging and promoting civic engagement.
解析： 文章指出，公共艺术装置、社区壁画和参与式艺术项目可以 revitalize neighborhoods, foster a sense of belonging, and promote civic engagement。
原文定位： 第五段: "The transformative power of art extends beyond individual experiences. Public art installations, community murals, and participatory art projects can revitalize neighborhoods, foster a sense of belonging, and promote civic engagement."
答案： c) Art plays a vital and transformative role in creating a better world.
解析： 作者认为艺术在创造更美好的世界方面发挥着至关重要和变革性的作用，它反映了我们的价值观，挑战了我们的假设，并激励我们 envision a better future。
原文定位： 结论段总结了艺术在社会中的多方面和不可或缺的作用，并强调了它在创造更公正、更公平、更富有同情心的世界中的力量。
（三）
答案： b) The historical development and evolution of architecture.
解析： 文章主要探讨了建筑的历史发展和演变，从古代奇迹到现代奇迹，展现了不同时代的文化价值观、技术进步和审美 sensibility。
原文定位： 首段介绍了建筑作为设计和建造建筑的艺术和科学，并指出其反映了每个时代的文化价值观、技术进步和审美 sensibility。
答案： b) Religious beliefs and available materials.
解析： 文章提到早期建筑风格通常受宗教信仰和可用材料的影响，例如古文明的巨石结构和中世纪的教堂和城堡。
原文定位： 第二段: "Early architectural styles were often influenced by religious beliefs and the availability of materials."
答案： b) Renaissance architecture.
解析： 文章指出，文艺复兴时期重新兴起了对古典形式和比例的兴趣，导致了优雅和谐的建筑风格的发展。
原文定位： 第三段: "The Renaissance period witnessed a renewed interest in classical forms and proportions, leading to the development of elegant and harmonious architectural styles."
答案： c) Diversity of styles and approaches.
解析： 文章提到现代建筑的特点是风格和方法的多样性，有些建筑师拥抱极简主义和功能性，而另一些则尝试有机形式和可持续材料。
原文定位： 第五段: "Modern architecture is characterized by a diversity of styles and approaches."
答案： c) It is a dynamic and evolving art form that reflects societal changes.
解析： 作者认为建筑是一种动态的、不断发展的艺术形式，反映了社会不断变化的需求和愿望。
原文定位： 结论段总结了建筑从古代奇迹到现代奇迹的演变过程，并强调了它在塑造城市、激发想象力以及证明人类创造力和智慧方面的重要性。

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