资源简介

任务型阅读攻略
答题诀窍
1.先表后文，预测文意2.寻找出处，对号入座 3. 整合信息，分析归纳 4. 判断用词，准确表达 5. 通观全文，复读检查
信息查找题：对照表格题或短文填空题直接在原文中找到信息；
带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。
2.信息转换线索： 找出相关语句并仔细比对，分析所需词的形式，进行适当的信息转换。
常见的转换方式： (1)词性转换 (2)句子结构转换 (3)同义词和反义词转换 (4)前缀和后缀转换 (5)另选其它词来释义
原文词；（即在文章中直接找到）
归纳词（主要出现在表格的表头、行标题或栏标题中）
转换词（主要是词性转换）
同、反义词（主要是同义转换或加否定词的反义转换）
释义词（即能解释原文中的词，词组、或句子意思的词）。
3. 通观全文，复读检查
单词有无拼写错误？大小写？
表达形式在语法上是否与题目要求一致？
尤其检查是否正确运用了名词单复数形式；动词-ing或-ed形式；形容词及副词的比较等级形式等。
二．必备知识集锦
（一）、常见概括性的词
1. 原因：the reason(s ) for；the cause(s ) of 单复数注意文中、题目中的语境
2. 结果：the result(s) of； have effects on （对…有影响）have an effect on…
3. 方法：ways; methods (learning methods 学习方法)
4. 观点：ideas; opinions
5. 优劣：advantages *disadvantages
6. 目的：aim(s)； purpose(s)
7. 建议：some advice (不可数) / suggestions on sth.
8. 差异：difference(s) between…and…
9. 关系：relationship with
10. 时间：in the past（在过去），at present（现在），in the future（将来）
11. 其它概括性的词语：the form of…; shape, size, details; furniture 家具（总称）
personal experiences, background information, present situation(s), birth place,
（二）、常见的转换
realize how important English is. realize the importance of English.
offer him some food. provide him with some food
be of great help /value to be helpful /valuable to
be bad for do harm to be harmful to
The weight of the bag is 5 kilos. The bag weighs 5 kilos.
Live peacefully in the country live in the country in peace
It’s tiring to climb so high. Climbing so high makes me tired.
We live mainly on rice. Our main food is rice.
I like the the film directed by My favourite film director is
She is able to She has the ability to she can
Hepburn achieved a lot in her life. Hepburn had great achievements in her life.
walk across the road cross the road
do an operation on sb / operate on sb
She made her final appearance She appeared for the last time
a girl of beauty a beautiful girl
She didn’t do well because she was careless. She didn’t do well because of her carelessness.
I chose not to leave. I made a choice not to leave.
decide to/ make a decision to / make up one’s mind to
21. reply to / answer
22. come up with / think of
23. How high/ what’s the height of
24. survive /stay alive
25. Sb must do sth / it’s important for sb to do sth
26. She may do sth / she will probably do sth / there is a possibility that she’ll do sth
It’s possible that she will do sth
27. He spent 20 yuan on the book./ She paid 20 yuan for the book. / The book cost him 20 yuan.
28. The boy who wears glasses / the boy with glasses
29. If you study harder, you’ll get high scores./ Studying harder can improve your scores.
30. Many people died because of the fire. / The fire killed many people. / The fire took many people’s lives.
31. Wearing warmer clothes can make her not get ill easily. /
Wearing warmer clothes can prevent her getting ill easily.
32. like reading books better / prefer reading books
33. Sth is too expensive. / sth costs too much. / the price of sth is too high
34. study in another country / study abroad
35. one hundred years / a century, fifteen minutes / a quarter, thirty minutes / half an hour
36. mean / stand for
37. not the same as / be different from
38. should / ought to / be supposed to mustn’t / be not allowed to
39. reduce your worries / make you less worried increase your happiness / make you happier
40. It’s getting colder./ The temperature is getting lower. / The temperature has dropped
42. have enough money to do / be rich enough to do / can afford to do
43. be afraid of / fear
44. be aware of /know / realize
45. take notice of /pay attention to
46.. prepare for / get ready for
47. have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself
48. remember sth. / keep sth. in mind
49. say again / repeat
50. need to be checked / need checking
51. think highly of / praise
52. Lose one’s mind / get mad / lose control
53 shouldn’t do sth.=avoid doing sth.
54lead to-----cause-----produce
56 no matter how-----however
57return-----give back/come back
58valuable-----be of great value(help, helpful, important, importance)
59such as/-----like-----including
60 wonder-----want to know
61be sure of-----be certain about
62There isn’t/aren’t----without
63work so hard-----hard-working
当堂练习
Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes. Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.
How much sleep do we actually need
It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night. When we sleep below six hours per 24, we’re at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly, there is no storage(储存)system for sleep in the brain.
Can we train ourselves to need less sleep
As a study in 1964, a 17-year-old boy named Randy Garden stayed awake for 264 hours. How many people could do anything close to that without dying
When you are reading this, you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine. Sleep experts often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers: They don’t get behind the wheel thinking they’re probably going to kill someone.
Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping
Coffee can keep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles. So reduce coffee and avoid caffeine for hour to six hours before bedtime.
Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality
A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep. People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above.
How to sleep
Introduction Not getting enough sleep can influence our health and __52____ many mistakes.
Findings from sleep researchers How much sleep do we actually need ● Eight hours of sleep a night is __53___ for all of us. ● Sleeping less than six hours a day can __54_ the risk of health problems. ● It is __55___ to make up the lost sleeping hours during the workweek.
Can we train ourselves to need less sleep ●People without enough sleep would insist that they were fine, but weren’t doing well at all.
Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping ● Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to sleep problems. ● Drink proper amount of coffee at proper time.
Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality ● A sense of purpose in life is closely __56__ with sleep quality. ● People with a greater sense of purpose may sleep better.
52___________ 53___________ 54_____________ 55_____________ 56___________
阅读填空 先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当 的单词．所填单词必须写在答题卷对应题号的横线上．每个空格只能填一个单词．（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
Imagine Oand Aarti are taking a really hard math test in December.
O has fixed mindset(思维模式), the belief that your intelligence isfixedyou' 're either smart or dumb. And if you're smart, everything is easy for you.
Aarti has a growth mindset, the belief that your intelligence can grow Not everyone can become a genius or a star athlete, but they can improve the skills they have and develop new ones.
So which is right it' s Aarti. believe it or not, research shows that you really can get smarter by working hard, practicing and challenging yourself.
Your mindset can affect your performance at school, in sports and the arts, and even how you act and feel. Dr. Carol Dweck, a psychology professor at Stanford University, has discovered that people with a fixed mindset deal with problems in much different way from those with a growth mindset.
People with a fixed mindset are very concerned with grades and how smart they look compared to other people. They tend to give up on difficult problems. They're afraid of challenges, because if they don't do well, they might look dumb.
People with a growth mindset are worried about learning, not grades. They work hard on difficult problems.They like challenges because they want to improve their abilities.
And Dweck's team discovered something even more important than that. They talked about the dangers of labeling(贴标签) people dumb or smart. And they discovered that with- some work-kids can choose to have a growth mindset and do better in school. Everyone has some of each type of mindset: they're like voices in your head. The trick is to recognize your fixed mindset voice and your growth mindset voice. When you hear your fixed mindset voice telling you you're dumb, or that you'll look stupid if you ask for help, or that learning a new skill is hard, talk back to it! You're not dumb-you just haven't learned how to do it yet. Asking for help isn't stupid-it's smart. And learning a new skill is hard-but won't it be worth it
Mindset Really 1
An 2 to mindset The major difference of the two mindsets lies in whether it is possible for intelligence to grow.
How problems are solved with different mindsets People with a fixed mindset are more 3 to give up on difficult problems. On the other hand, the growth-mindset people take immediate action to work on difficult problems.
A more important finding Your mindset can be 4 through learning.
When you’re caught between uour fixed mindset voice and growth mindset voice, listen to the latter only. It will be worth it to 5 the challenges and learn a new skill.
阅读填空
Schools in Finland gave up handwriting lessons in 2016, and students were taught how to type and send text messages. Although handwriting is an important part of the curriculum（课程）in the UK, some teachers think typing is now more important. Some people say schools should accept modern life, and others want to protect the important and necessary skill. So what do you think Should all exams be typed
Yes—everything is typed these days.
Handwriting is a thing of the past. A 2021 survey found that one in 10 people in the UK wrote nothing by hand that year. With emails and text messages, people’s main ways of communication are typed, not handwritten. Also, during lockdown children got more used to working on devices（设备）. Most written work now is done digitally. Typed tests would be better preparation for the world of work. Exams should be about testing a student’s knowledge, not their handwriting skills. Typed tests would make it easier for everyone to show what they’ve learned.
No—handwriting is an important skill.
Being able to write well is of great importance. Even if people aren’t writing as much as they used to, they’ll still need dear handwriting to fill in forms, for example. Although adults may do most of their writing on computers, a lot of schoolwork is still done by hand. Therefore, handwritten tests are suitable. In fact, studies have shown that people learn more when they write them down by hand than when they’re typing on a keyboard. If the purpose of school and exams is for children to remember all this information in later life, then handwritten tests are the way to go.
Title: Should all exams be typed
Introduction ● Schools in Finland gave students typing lessons ____1____ of handwriting lessons. ● Some teachers in the UK think typing is more useful.
Reasons why all exams should be typed ● People now ____2____ communicate by typing. Typed tests would be better preparation for the working world. ● Children are more used to typing during lockdown. ● Exams should pay more attention to testing what students have learned, not how well they ___ 3_____.
Reasons why all exams should not be typed ● Handwritten tests are still ____4____ because a lot of schoolwork is still done by hand. ● According to some studies, handwriting has many____5____ over typing in helping students take on more information and learn more.
阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The pilot, Antoine De Saint-Exupery, who wrote The Little Prince, died long ago, but the fictional pilot, who told the story, is as alive today as he was many years ago, along with his Prince, the fox, the rose and the snake.
This timeless tale touches upon childhood and growing up. It opens with the reminder: All grown-ups were once children____ but few of them remember it. The pilot in this story loses that part of himself. After a stay in the desert with the little prince, he finds his inner child again. It is a simple story with life lessons. Here are some.
One only understands the things that one tames (驯服). Seeing the thousands of roses that look just like his rose makes the prince feel as if he was tricked by his flower. The fox shows him taming someone takes time. The prince understands the nature of relationships: the time he has wasted on his rose makes her so important.
The fox, as his parting gift, shares his secret with the prince: “One can see rightly with the heart. What is essential (very important and necessary)is invisible (not be seen)to the eye. ” When the pilot shows his picture about the snake eating the elephant, adults only see it as a hat. Adults can’t see what’s inside the snake. What is on the surface is not what matters. This truth sets the little prince free. He decides to join his rose back on his planet.
Has he returned to his planet and his rose The ending exists in the imagination of every reader as well as the pilot. After all, it is a book with something for everyone.
___56___ is The Little Prince a book for everyone
Reasons Supporting details
A timeless tale ●The Little Prince remains a classic novel of all ___57___. ●The book talks about childhood and growing up, The pilot forgets he was ___58___ a child as he grows up. After a stay with the little prince in the desert, he finds the___ 59___ part of himself.
A simple story with life ___60___ ●One only understands the things that one tames. It takes time to tame someone. What really matters to the prince is his___ 61___ because he has“wasted” time on her. ●What is essential is invisible to the eye. Adults___ 62___ the pilot’s picture for a hat because they can’t look beyond the surface. What matters is what’s __ _63___. After learning the ___64___, the prince decides to return to his planet.
An open-ended story It allows the reader and the pilot to___ 65___ their endings of the book
A credit card is a plastic card that you can use to purchase(购买) items instead of paying in cash. The credit card company charges the store owner a small percentage fee for the service.
Having a credit card is a convenient way to purchase goods. You do not have to carry money, since most stores accept credit cards. The store pays the credit card company 2% for the service. If you have your money in your card, that’s good. If you don’t have your own money, you can build up a debt(债务) on your purchases that you must pay off at a later date.
When checking out with items you want to purchase, you or the shopkeeper scans the credit card through a machine that can check the validity(有效性) of the card. A magnetic(磁性的) strip on the card provides the machine with information about the card. If your credit card has been stolen or used without your permission(许可), you must tell your credit card company right away.
You can still purchase even if there is no money in your credit card. But there is a limit to how much money you can charge with your credit card. At the same time, the credit card company sends you a bill each month, telling your payment for the month. If you don’t pay, you will receive a warning. If you don’t or can’t pay off the debts, you even will be put into prison.
People with no credit history can get such a credit card as a way to start to build up their credit. If they have a good job with a company that has a credit union, they just need to apply to the organization and then get one right away. People can also go to banks, stores and other organizations to get a credit card only by proving that you are able to pay.
Purchasing with a Credit Card
Passage Outline Supporting Details
What is a credit card It is a plastic card which you can use to ____16____ for items you buy, even when you don’t have your own money in it.
What should we know about using a credit card Most stores accept credit cards, but they have to give the credit card company 2% because of the service.
A machine read the card and provides the information.
The money must be paid off at a later date or you will be ____17____ .
You have to look after your credit card well because there is ____18____ that it is stolen or used without your permission.
____19____ can we get a credit card If you can prove your financial(财务的) ____20____ and make an application, you can get a credit card easily from the banks.
答案
cause necessary .increase impossible connected
matters introduction likely improved face
instead mainly write important advantages
why time once lost lessons rose mistake inside truth imagine
pay published possibility How ability

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