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读后续写之无灵主语句的五种运用&常用句型
什么是无灵主语句呢？即没有生命的事物来做主语的句子,因此这类句子常常带有拟人化的修辞色彩。比如，”北京见证了数不清的历史事件。”无灵主语句在读后续写中非常地常见，正确而又恰当地使用它，可以让句子的描写更加生动。下面我将从五个方面阐明它的运用。
一、用无灵主语句描写人物情感
在读后续写中写到人物的情绪或心理时，不要总用sb feel...,尝试一下无灵主语句，可以让阅卷老师读起来更有画面感。
常用句型：
A wave／ripple／sense of +情感名词 +seized /took hold of sb．
某人感到一阵．．．．．．之情...
Eg. A wave of delight took hold of me the moment l heard the news.
The tears of+ 情感名词 +welled up in one＇s eyes．
某人流下．．．．．．的泪水。
Eg.The tears of remorse welled up in her eyes.
情感名词+A +gave way to+ 情感名词B（to do sth）．
情感A消失，情感B取而代之。
Eg.Anxiety and fear gave way to great confidence to continue my performance.
常见的情感名词有：
开心：happiness/joy/delight
愤怒：anger/rage/fury/irritation
悲伤：sadness/ sorrow/grief
感激：appreciation/gratitude
钦佩/赞赏：admiration/appreciation
悔恨/愧疚：remorse/guilt/shame
害怕：fear/terror/fright/horror/panic
震惊 : astonishment/shock/amazement/surprise
满足：satisfaction
10)困惑：puzzlement/confusion
常用的谓语动词有：
seize/take hold of,(抓住），drive （驱使）， haunt(萦绕）, sweep over（席卷）, deprive of（剥夺）, desert（抛弃）,give way to (让位，让步）
牛刀小试
听到这个消息，我感到很兴奋。
基础写法：Hearing the news, l felt very excited.
无灵主语改写：Hearing the news, l was seized by a wave of excitement.
用无灵主语句描写人物动作或思考行为
在读后续写中描写人物动作或思考行为时，也可以使用无灵主语，避免过多的sb did sth, 也让句子更加地高级。
常用句型：
The sight /thought of sth made sb +情绪形容词
一见到/一想到某物，某人就感到...
At the sight/ thought of sth, sb felt+情绪词（adj/n)
一见到/一想到某物，某人就感到...
Eg. The sight of the orphan always reminded me of his parents.
一看到那个孤儿我就想到他的父母。
Eg. The sight of seeing her son very soon filled her heart with great happiness.
想到不久就要见到她的儿子， 她心中感到十分快乐。
牛刀小试（浙江卷）：“一见到那头熊，他就紧张。”
基础写法：When he saw the bear, he felt very nervous.
无灵主语改写： The very sight of the bear made him extremely nervous.
At the sight of the bear, he felt a strong wave of nervousness.
用无灵主语句描写环境
读后续写中交代故事的时间，背景时，或用环境描写来烘托氛围时，也可以使用无灵主语去表达。
经典句子：
1. Night fell, the wind grew strong, and the tree creaked and groaned.--《简·爱》
夜幕降临，风越来越大，树吱吱作响，呻吟着。
2. A storm was gathering, but we stayed there until thunder and lightening crashed.--《简·爱》 暴风雨即将来临，但我们一直呆在那里，直到雷电交加。
牛刀小试：
1）夜幕已经笼罩乡间。
Night has fallen over the country.
2）突然下了一阵雨，风停了。
A sudden shower killed the wind.
3）微风抚摸着他的头，好像在安慰他。
The gentle breeze stroked his head, as if comforting him.
用无灵主语句推动情节发展
情节的发展是读后续写的灵魂所在，而无灵主语在推动情节发展方面的作用也不容小觑。
常用句型：
An idea flashed into sb’s mind.灵机一动，想到好办法。
The news had travelled消息不胫而走：预示接下来有事发生。
3．The next +时间名词+witnessed/saw ...接下来的时间见证了
Eg..An idea flashed into my mind. I instantly raced home and took my tools.
我突然想到一个主意。我立刻跑回家拿起工具。
Eg.It occurred to/ struck/ hit/dawned on me that l might as well buy some paper. It would be an excuse to get rid of him. --《月亮与六便士》我突然想到，我不妨也买些纸。这会是个摆脱他的借口。
Eg.The news had travelled. Thus many people went to visit the mysterious village.
消息传开了。于是许多人去参观那个神秘的村庄。
Eg.I stopped trembling with fear. The next five minutes witnessed/saw my smooth performance.
我止住了恐惧的颤抖。接下来的五分钟见证了我的流畅表现。
牛刀小试：
1）我突然想到，熊可能会被美味的面包分散注意力。
It dawned on me that the bear might be distracted by the delicious bread.
用无灵主语句来结尾
在读后续写中，无灵主语同样适用于点明文章的主旨，用来升华结尾。
常用句型：
The words still lingered in one’s mind.那些话还萦绕在心头。
The story taught us that ...这个故事教会了我们...
The experience enlightened sb that...这段经历让某人明白了...
Eg.The unique experience enlightened me with the fact that honesty outweighed anything.这独特的经历让我明白了诚实重于一切。
Eg.The funny story taught us that never should we judge a book by its cover.
这个有趣的故事告诉我们永远不能以貌取人。
牛刀小试：
那些话语从那以后一直在我脑海中回响，让我想起了那次经历，我从中学到了--永远不要放弃希望。
The words kept echoing in my mind ever since, reminding me of the experience, where I got the lesson that one should never give up hope.
总之，无灵主语体现了英语语言所强调的客观思维，与中文中习惯以人为主语，作为句子主语的情况大相径庭，在读后续写中正确使用它，可以让文章的表达更加地道，灵动。

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