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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
冲刺2024年高考英语模拟卷02（新高考II卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Headmaster and parent. B．Professor and student. C．Boss and secretary.
2．What is the man going to do
A．Hold a party. B．Go to the bookstore. C．Celebrate his birthday.
3．How does the man usually get to his company
A．By subway. B．By car. C．By bike.
4．When will the man clean up his room
A．In just half an hour. B．After seeing the movie. C．Before going to the cinema.
5．Why did the man stop the woman
A．She ran the red light. B．She hit his car. C．She overspeeded.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6．Who is the woman
A．A shop assistant. B．The man’s wife. C．The man’s employer.
7．What is the man going to do next
A．Turn on the air conditioner. B．Look at other tables. C．Pay for the items.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the man say about the camera
A．It was delivered late. B．Its battery is dead. C．It has a mark on it.
9．What will the man do next
A．Contact the supplier.
B．Exchange the camera.
C．Cancel the picnic.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．How is Belinda’s skin
A．Dry. B．Dark. C．Smooth.
11．What does Belinda quit drinking now
A．Soda. B．Juice. C．Coffee.
12．What is the best for skin according to Belinda
A．Skin care products. B．Regular exercise. C．Good sleep.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What did the boy help his mother do last week
A．He aired quilts. B．He did the laundry. C．He did nothing.
14．Why does Sherry refuse the boy’s suggestion
A．She hates to do housework.
B．He won’t do housework with her.
C．Their mother has done housework.
15．What is Sherry probably doing
A．Repairing her camera.
B．Looking for her camera.
C．Watering the flowers.
16．What will the boy do next
A．Do some shopping. B．Eat snacks. C．Change clothes.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where is the speaker working now
A．In Texas. B．In California. C．In Ohio.
18．When did the speaker decide to become a pilot
A．When he visited his dad’s workplace.
B．When he majored in astronomy.
C．When he joined a flying club.
19．What did the man think hardest during the training
A．Dealing with emergencies.
B．Estimating the required fuel.
C．Remembering the flight routes.
20．What does the speaker think of his job
A．Tiring. B．Interesting. C．Demanding.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
“Where should I eat ” We hope to answer that age-old question. This simple list provides a view into Montreal’s good restaurants.
Mastard
Chef Simon Mathys is celebrated as one of the best in the business. He owns and runs Mastard with his wife, Viki Brisson-Sylvestre. At Mastard, officially opened in January 2021, Mathys prepares five-course menus that are local-product driven, seasonal, inventive and delicious.
Vin Mon Lapin
When this restaurant said, mid-COVID, that it would be doubling its space, it may have sounded like a risky move — but it paid off. Mon Lapin has been one of the hottest tables around since it opened in March 2018. Its menu changes with the seasons, featuring fresh veggies and seafood. Chez Ma Tante
Started in 1929, this Quebec-style restaurant first served steamed (蒸的) hot dogs out of a horse-drawn carriage (四轮马车). Later, it moved into a building on Fleury Street. Old-school in the best way, Chez Ma Tante remains one of the top hot dog suppliers (供应商) in the city. Open until 4 a.m. daily.
Dobe & Andy
Open since 1982, Dobe & Andy is Chinatown’s leading Hong Kong-style barbecue restaurant. It is now run by second-generation owners, the Ku brothers. Since taking over from their father, they have made some tasty additions, but the time-honoured char siu pork, crispy roast pork and roast duck remain headliners.
21．What do Mastard and Vin Mon Lapin have in common
A．They both offer seasonal menus. B．They both have five-course menus.
C．They both have world-famous chefs. D．They both enlarged their restaurants in 2021.
22．What is special about Dobe & Andy
A．It is run by a married couple.
B．It provides various Chinese dishes.
C．It remains one of the top hot dog makers in the city.
D．It is one of the most popular Quebec-style restaurants in the city.
23．Of the following restaurants, which is the oldest
A．Mastard. B．Vin Mon Lapin. C．Chez Ma Tante. D．Dobe & Andy.
B
I had not hugged a friend or a family member since the pandemic until recently when my sister-in-law flew in for a brief visit. For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones.
Growing up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, every moment was full of danger. On one peaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside after spending weeks indoors. She finally agreed. I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house.
Thankfully, I made a full physical recovery, but the emotional scars never left me. Years later there was another explosion near my house. I was safe inside, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable.
It is yet another sad aspect of our pandemic lives that hugging a stranger is the last thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and anxiety. Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug. I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely hold one another again - a friend, a relative, or even a stranger.
24．Why did the author mention her sister-in-law’s visit at the beginning
A．It reminded the author of her past hugs.
B．It encouraged the author to hug strangers.
C．It made the author think of her large family.
D．It made the author forget the pandemic temporarily.
25．What happened to the author when she lived in her hometown
A．Her mother never allowed her to go out.
B．One of her legs collapsed in an explosion.
C．She was saved by her neighbor’s timely hug.
D．She recovered quickly from the wounds of the war.
26．How did the author feel when she hugged her father
A．Frightened. B．Relieved.
C．Embarrassed. D．Astonished.
27．What is the author’s purpose in writing this article
A．To express how she feels about war.
B．To share how important hugs are to her.
C．To introduce the ups and downs in her life.
D．To complain about the impact of the pandemic.
C
A new study estimates more than 1 billion people worldwide are currently living with obesity. People with obesity are considered medically overweight. The study, published in the medical publication The Lancet, said that one in eight people are obese. Researchers said around 43 percent of adults were overweight in 2022. Obesity among adults has more than doubled since 1990. Among young people aged 5 to 19, the obesity rate increased by four times during the same period.
“A staggering number of people are living with obesity, and severe obesity is strongly linked to a long list of health problems and an early death.” declared the lead writer of the study, Majid Ezzati, a professor at Imperial College London.
The WHO noted that at the World Health Assembly in 2022, member states agreed to an agency plan to fight obesity. So far, 31 governments “are now leading the way” to reduce obesity by carrying out goals of the plan.
These include government measures to enact new rules on “harmful” marketing of unhealthy food and drinks to children. In addition, governments are aiming to improve school and nutrition policies. They are also seeking price reductions for healthy foods, to increase public awareness about healthy diets and exercise and to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools.
Imperial College’s Ezzati said that obesity rates are not rising in many wealthier nations. But they are quickly increasing in other countries. He noted that some countries have many underweight people, meaning the nations are facing what he called a “double burden” of nutrition problems.
Branca is head of nutrition at the WHO. He told reporters, “In the past, we have been thinking of obesity as a problem of the rich, but obesity is a problem of the world. Although new obesity drugs — such as Ozempic and Wegovy — could be helpful tools in reducing obesity, they noted that the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality.”
28．What does the underlined word “staggering” mean
A．Satisfying. B．Amazing. C．Astonishing. D．Puzzling.
29．What is included in the plan led by 31 governments
A．Setting laws to ban the sale of unhealthy food.
B．Increasing the cost for people to consume healthy food.
C．Attaching importance to physical activities.
D．Offering lower-priced obesity drugs to people.
30．What does the author mean by mentioning “double burden”
A．Some countries are suffering both poverty and obesity.
B．Some countries are suffering both poor nutrition and obesity.
C．Obesity is common in both poor and wealthy countries.
D．Obesity is a heavy burden for some countries.
31．What is Branca’s attitude to obesity problem
A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Ambiguous. D．Optimistic.
D
No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty.
Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.
However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise.
The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.
Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!
In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect.
One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.
Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix
Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity.
32．What is a common practice to finish a task
A．Working in a focused period. B．Working with occasional breaks.
C．Working with a stop midway. D．Working in an interrupted session.
33．What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment
A．Interruption recalls details. B．Interruption betters memory.
C．Interruption disturbs balance. D．Interruption reduces productivity.
34．Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect
A．Fashion shows. B．Online news.
C．Talk shows. D．TV series.
35．What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect
A．The desire for balance. B．The physical backlog.
C．The outside pressure. D．The upcoming tasks.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Traffic Regulation and Accident Prevention
We live in a remarkable time, and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery. 36 Expectations of life have greatly increased. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads. Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. 37
Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions. 38 There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving.
39 It’s all for his own convenience. Due to a serious tragedy, the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly. The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic, easily forgotten. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough.
Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances, and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life. Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents. Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers. 40 These measures may sound cruel. However, if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year, they should certainly not be considered serious. After all, the world belongs to humans, not cars.
A．There are five reasons for the accident and you are guilty.
B．Every year thousands of people are horribly killed, and we sit still and let it happen.
C．Surprisingly, society should smile at the driver and forgive him.
D．Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel, his car becomes an extension of his personality.
E．All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned.
F．It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life.
G．It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social 41 of Chimps are very similar to humans. Chimps will 42 in certain ways, like gathering together to protect their land. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to 43 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 44 to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food
In the laboratory, chimps don’t 45 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 46 -he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children, 47 , are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this 48 in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.
There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 49 in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very 50 age before most parents have started to train their children to behave 51 . Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence 52 in children before their general cognitive(认知的) skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the 53 world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.
The core (核心) of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can 54 what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a(n) 55 goal.
41．A．structures B．responsibilities C．policies D．behaviors
42．A．conflict B．offend C．cooperate D．discuss
43．A．help B．contact C．divide D．trust
44．A．manage B．decline C．attempt D．force
45．A．curiously B．unwillingly C．naturally D．carelessly
46．A．in turn B．with care C．at random D．in advance
47．A．all in all B．as a result C．in no case D．on the other hand
48．A．cooperativeness B．availability C．attack D．attractiveness
49．A．educated B．possessed C．motivated D．stimulated
50．A．old B．young C．middle D．late
51．A．creatively B．formally C．competitively D．socially
52．A．develops B．decreases C．changes D．disappears
53．A．invisible B．abstract C．physical D．imaginary
54．A．infer B．adapt C．absorb D．balance
55．A．realistic B．shared C．specific D．ambitious
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Morley Safer has worked in television news for 61 years. He’s spent 46 of those years on his broadcast, longer than anyone else. As a 56 (travel), he holds some sort of record, 57 (take) planes, trains, boats, even bicycles to the ends of the Earth.
When he was 24, a door opened that would change his life. He was hired 58 a television news writer at the CBC, Canada's premier broadcasting network. And soon enough, he was 59 foreign correspondent(记者), the job he’d dreamed of. His passport filled up quickly. In late 1963, Morley caught the eye of the American network leaders, 60 hired him to join the great CBS bureau in London. From his base in London, he covered shooting wars in Algeria and Cyprus.
By the time he was 35, he 61 (cover) news in Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. It’s fair 62 (say) that nobody alive today has seen as much and reported on it as 63 (brilliant) as Morley. Simply by example, he’s made the rest of us better journalists. His writing 64 (consider) the best in the business. His toughness and kindness and sense of humor are legendary.
In a business that’s fast-moving and sometimes competitive, he survived and prospered, either outworking 65 outliving everyone else, trying to get to the bottom of things.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假定你是校英语社社长李华，请给外教William 写一封邮件邀请他在校首届英语节上致开幕辞。
内容包括：
1．英语节介绍;
2．开幕式的时间和地点等。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80词左右;
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
This fall break, I took my son Nels, aged 15 , for our long-planned vacation in a national park. We had a rented cottage at the foot of the mountain by a lake. And my niece Susan, aged 12, also joined us.
On the first day, abundant items kept everyone occupied: picnicking, canoeing, shooting. When night fell, we sat around the campfire singing and dancing with other vacationers, all having a great day.
Nevertheless, on the second day, I noticed Susan constantly checking her screen, busily texting. That day, she stayed indoors glued to her phone, playing Axe Climber. Then, I had an idea, announcing, “Tomorrow, we’ll hike to the top of the Stone Mountains.”
Hearing this, Susan shrugged, as if to say, “Why ”
Eyes fixed on Susan, I continued, “Put your phone aside and climb a real mountain, OK ”
“Well,” Susan responded reluctantly, “the Axe Climber is moving up to the final level, so I’ll not be available tomorrow.”
“Susan, that’s not the actual wilderness experience. I hiked a lot. It’s greater fun,” Nels said persuasively.
“Sounds more like punishment,” she mumbled. “I hate sweating.”
“Never have you been on a mountaintop. Susan, have a go this time, and you are sure to love the feeling and pleasure it brings.”
She finally nodded unwillingly, “Fine, I’ll give it a try.”
I smiled. Anyway, she agreed. The next morning, we awakened to the sound of birds singing. It was a nice day with the sun shining mildly and clouds floating leisurely. “A perfect day for hiking,” I said. “I will go, Uncle,” Susan replied mechanically.
Packing bread, bottled water and camera into the backpack, we set out for our destination. Against the blue sky, a rough trail wound its way to the top of the mountain.
“I still don’t think it’s a good idea,” Susan complained, frowning.
“No pains, no gains! Come on!” I encouraged.
Paragraph 1:
Thus, Susan began hiking up.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
An hour later, we made it to the top. “How awesome!” Susan yelled with wild joy.
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21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
冲刺2024年高考英语模拟卷02（新高考II卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Headmaster and parent. B．Professor and student. C．Boss and secretary.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Ms. Green, I am afraid if your son keeps annoying other students in class, I’ll have to ask you to find a better school for him.
W: I’m so sorry, Mr. Peterson. I promise I’ll teach him to behave.
2．What is the man going to do
A．Hold a party. B．Go to the bookstore. C．Celebrate his birthday.
【答案】A
【原文】W: There’s a sale going on. Would you like to go to the bookstore with me
M: I’d like to. But my uncle is coming to visit us, and I’ve arranged a party for him. He’ll celebrate his 50th birthday.
3．How does the man usually get to his company
A．By subway. B．By car. C．By bike.
【答案】C
【原文】W: I know you usually cycle to work. How much time do you spend getting from your home to your company
M: About 30 minutes.
4．When will the man clean up his room
A．In just half an hour. B．After seeing the movie. C．Before going to the cinema.
【答案】B
【原文】W: You always throw your clothes everywhere. And your shoes are all over the floor.
M: Sorry. But can I clean up my room after coming back from the cinema The movie will begin in half an hour.
W: OK.
5．Why did the man stop the woman
A．She ran the red light. B．She hit his car. C．She overspeeded.
【答案】C
【原文】W: I didn’t run through the red light, Officer. Why did you ask me to pull over
M: You overspeeded, Miss, and here is your ticket.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6．Who is the woman
A．A shop assistant. B．The man’s wife. C．The man’s employer.
7．What is the man going to do next
A．Turn on the air conditioner. B．Look at other tables. C．Pay for the items.
【答案】6．B 7．B
【原文】W: I think this white table and these chairs are suitable for our living room.
M: Yes. Oh, they are $3,000 in total. Why don’t we look at other tables and chairs
W: The shop assistant told me that she would give us a discount if we bought them today. And I don’t think we can find anything better than these.
M: Alright, you’re the boss. I’m going to pay for them. Then let’s buy an air conditioner later.
W: Well, I can’t wait to decorate our house.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the man say about the camera
A．It was delivered late. B．Its battery is dead. C．It has a mark on it.
9．What will the man do next
A．Contact the supplier.
B．Exchange the camera.
C．Cancel the picnic.
【答案】8．C 9．A
【原文】M: Look, Jenny, when I opened the box that was delivered here, I found there was a Mark on the digital camera in it.
W: Oh really Let me see, you’re right. Also, the extra battery they promised to include isn’t in the box.
M: Don’t worry too much. Damaged items can be exchanged or we can get money back within a week of the purchased date.
W: Right. But we’re in a hurry because we need it for the annual company picnic on Saturday. Why don’t you call the supplier now
M: Good idea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．How is Belinda’s skin
A．Dry. B．Dark. C．Smooth.
11．What does Belinda quit drinking now
A．Soda. B．Juice. C．Coffee.
12．What is the best for skin according to Belinda
A．Skin care products. B．Regular exercise. C．Good sleep.
【答案】10．C 11．A 12．B
【原文】M: Belinda, your skin looks so clear and smooth. What skin care products do you use
W: Actually there are no special products. I just changed my lifestyle.
M: What are they I’m very curious.
W: Well. My skin used to be very dry and dark, so I pay more attention to lotion and sunscreen. I must wear sunscreen before going out. Exposure to the sun ages the skin.
M: What about the diet
W: I often eat green vegetables, fruits and nuts. I gave up soda and only drink black coffee and water now.
M: Wow. You’re a strong-willed person. I can’t do that like you.
W: It’s not as difficult as you think. Besides, getting a good night’s sleep is a great way to improve skin. But it seems to me that regular exercise is more useful than anything else.
M: I got it. Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What did the boy help his mother do last week
A．He aired quilts. B．He did the laundry. C．He did nothing.
14．Why does Sherry refuse the boy’s suggestion
A．She hates to do housework.
B．He won’t do housework with her.
C．Their mother has done housework.
15．What is Sherry probably doing
A．Repairing her camera.
B．Looking for her camera.
C．Watering the flowers.
16．What will the boy do next
A．Do some shopping. B．Eat snacks. C．Change clothes.
【答案】13．C 14．B 15．C 16．C
【原文】M: Sherry, Dad and Mom were out. How about doing housework They’ll get a shock when they come back.
W: Forget it! You always talk much and do little while I always do everything each time. Mom asked us to help her air quilts and do the laundry last week, but I ended up doing all the work. Just like now, you would rather watch me water the flowers than help me. By the way, have you got my camera repaired
M: Er... Not yet. But I’d like to have some snacks first.
W: No. You won’t stop if you start eating. Let’s go to the supermarket now. Can you give me a hand with some heavy things when we get back
M: Of course. Let me just change a coat.
W: OK.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where is the speaker working now
A．In Texas. B．In California. C．In Ohio.
18．When did the speaker decide to become a pilot
A．When he visited his dad’s workplace.
B．When he majored in astronomy.
C．When he joined a flying club.
19．What did the man think hardest during the training
A．Dealing with emergencies.
B．Estimating the required fuel.
C．Remembering the flight routes.
20．What does the speaker think of his job
A．Tiring. B．Interesting. C．Demanding.
【答案】17．A 18．C 19．A 20．B
【原文】 Hello, I’m Harry. I’m here to talk about my work as a pilot for Emperor Airlines. Its headquarters are here in Texas and I moved here from California to take up the role last year. My love of flying started in childhood. My dad was a pilot so I traveled on planes from an early age. Later, I studied aeronautics at college in Ohio. I also joined a flying club to get a feel of flying a plane, which confirmed my flying career. After graduation, I got an opportunity with Emperor Airlines in California. It was a lengthy process with lots of training for trainee pilots. We learnt to tell the flight routes, work out the required fuel and so on. We were also trained to deal with emergencies. For example, we needed to make an emergency landing because of the sudden breakdown of an engine. That was the most difficult part of the training for me. Then I started at the bottom as a First Officer. Now I rank as a Senior First Officer. I like the view — my office window changes every day! And with the variety of passengers and crew I get to meet. Although I don’t come into as much contact with passengers as the flight crew, there’s never a boring moment.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
“Where should I eat ” We hope to answer that age-old question. This simple list provides a view into Montreal’s good restaurants.
Mastard
Chef Simon Mathys is celebrated as one of the best in the business. He owns and runs Mastard with his wife, Viki Brisson-Sylvestre. At Mastard, officially opened in January 2021, Mathys prepares five-course menus that are local-product driven, seasonal, inventive and delicious.
Vin Mon Lapin
When this restaurant said, mid-COVID, that it would be doubling its space, it may have sounded like a risky move — but it paid off. Mon Lapin has been one of the hottest tables around since it opened in March 2018. Its menu changes with the seasons, featuring fresh veggies and seafood. Chez Ma Tante
Started in 1929, this Quebec-style restaurant first served steamed (蒸的) hot dogs out of a horse-drawn carriage (四轮马车). Later, it moved into a building on Fleury Street. Old-school in the best way, Chez Ma Tante remains one of the top hot dog suppliers (供应商) in the city. Open until 4 a.m. daily.
Dobe & Andy
Open since 1982, Dobe & Andy is Chinatown’s leading Hong Kong-style barbecue restaurant. It is now run by second-generation owners, the Ku brothers. Since taking over from their father, they have made some tasty additions, but the time-honoured char siu pork, crispy roast pork and roast duck remain headliners.
21．What do Mastard and Vin Mon Lapin have in common
A．They both offer seasonal menus. B．They both have five-course menus.
C．They both have world-famous chefs. D．They both enlarged their restaurants in 2021.
22．What is special about Dobe & Andy
A．It is run by a married couple.
B．It provides various Chinese dishes.
C．It remains one of the top hot dog makers in the city.
D．It is one of the most popular Quebec-style restaurants in the city.
23．Of the following restaurants, which is the oldest
A．Mastard. B．Vin Mon Lapin. C．Chez Ma Tante. D．Dobe & Andy.
【答案】21．A 22．B 23．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四家餐厅的情况。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“At Mastard, officially opened in January 2021, Mathys prepares five-course menus that are local-product driven, seasonal, inventive and delicious. (在2021年1月正式开业的Mastard, Mathys准备了五道菜的菜单，这些菜单以当地产品为导向，季节性，创造性和美味。)”以及第三段“Its menu changes with the seasons, featuring fresh veggies and seafood. (它的菜单随季节变化，以新鲜蔬菜和海鲜为特色。)”可知，Mastard和Vin Mon Lapin的共同之处是都提供应季菜单。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Open since 1982, Dobe & Andy is Chinatown’s leading Hong Kong-style barbecue restaurant. It is now run by second-generation owners, the Ku brothers. Since taking over from their father, they have made some tasty additions, but the time-honoured char siu pork, crispy roast pork and roast duck remain headliners. (自1982年开业以来，Dobe & Andy是唐人街领先的港式烧烤店。它现在由第二代所有者顾氏兄弟经营。自从他们从父亲手中接过生意以来，他们做了一些美味的新菜，但历史悠久的叉烧肉、脆皮烧肉和烤鸭仍然是主打菜品。)”可知，Dobe & Andy的特别之处是提供各种各样的中国菜。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“At Mastard, officially opened in January 2021, Mathys prepares five-course menus that are local-product driven, seasonal, inventive and delicious. (在2021年1月正式开业的Mastard, Mathys准备了五道菜的菜单，这些菜单以当地产品为导向，季节性，创造性和美味。)”；第三段“Mon Lapin has been one of the hottest tables around since it opened in March 2018. (自2018年3月开业以来，Mon Lapin一直是最热门的餐厅之一。)”；第四段“Started in 1929, this Quebec-style restaurant first served steamed (蒸的) hot dogs out of a horse-drawn carriage (四轮马车). (这家魁北克风格的餐厅始于1929年，最初供应马车上的蒸热狗。)”以及最后一段“Open since 1982, Dobe & Andy is Chinatown’s leading Hong Kong-style barbecue restaurant. (自1982年开业以来，Dobe & Andy是唐人街领先的港式烧烤店。)”可知，Chez Ma Tante是最古老的。故选C。
B
I had not hugged a friend or a family member since the pandemic until recently when my sister-in-law flew in for a brief visit. For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones.
Growing up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, every moment was full of danger. On one peaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside after spending weeks indoors. She finally agreed. I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house.
Thankfully, I made a full physical recovery, but the emotional scars never left me. Years later there was another explosion near my house. I was safe inside, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable.
It is yet another sad aspect of our pandemic lives that hugging a stranger is the last thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and anxiety. Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug. I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely hold one another again - a friend, a relative, or even a stranger.
24．Why did the author mention her sister-in-law’s visit at the beginning
A．It reminded the author of her past hugs.
B．It encouraged the author to hug strangers.
C．It made the author think of her large family.
D．It made the author forget the pandemic temporarily.
25．What happened to the author when she lived in her hometown
A．Her mother never allowed her to go out.
B．One of her legs collapsed in an explosion.
C．She was saved by her neighbor’s timely hug.
D．She recovered quickly from the wounds of the war.
26．How did the author feel when she hugged her father
A．Frightened. B．Relieved.
C．Embarrassed. D．Astonished.
27．What is the author’s purpose in writing this article
A．To express how she feels about war.
B．To share how important hugs are to her.
C．To introduce the ups and downs in her life.
D．To complain about the impact of the pandemic.
【答案】24．A 25．C 26．B 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是作者嫂子来访时的一个拥抱，让作者想到了拥抱给自己和他人带来的重大影响。
24．细节理解题。根据首段中的“For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones.(为了大家的安全，我们在外面见面。尽管天气寒冷，她的拥抱还是让我从里到外感到温暖。这很奇怪，但直到现在我才真正意识到我是多么怀念拥抱所爱的人。)”可知，作者嫂子的到来让作者真正意识到有多么的怀念拥抱所爱的人，由此可知，作者一开始提到嫂子的到来是因为这让作者想到了她过去的拥抱。故选A项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house.(为了安全起见，我跑到邻居家，用胳膊搂住她的脖子，就在这时，我的腿瘫倒在地。她用双臂抱住我，把我拖进了她的房子。)”可知，作者为了安全起见，跑到邻居家搂住了她的脖子，邻居双臂抱着作者进了她的房子，由此可知，她被邻居及时的拥抱救了。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable.(他刚好错过了爆炸。当他回到屋里时，我给了他一个能想象到的最大的拥抱。)”可知，作者的爸爸错过了爆炸，安全地回到屋中，由此可推断，作者拥抱爸爸时会感到如释重负。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug.(也许我们低估了一个简单拥抱的影响。回顾我的过去，我觉得自己真的很幸运，在我生命中最关键的时刻，有一个拥抱的超级力量支撑着我，庇护着我，鼓励着我。)”并结合全文中介绍的作者关于拥抱的经历可知，本文通过介绍嫂子来访给作者的一个拥抱，让作者回想起自己过去种种拥抱的经历，由此可推断，作者的写作目的是分享拥抱对她的重要性。故选B项。
C
A new study estimates more than 1 billion people worldwide are currently living with obesity. People with obesity are considered medically overweight. The study, published in the medical publication The Lancet, said that one in eight people are obese. Researchers said around 43 percent of adults were overweight in 2022. Obesity among adults has more than doubled since 1990. Among young people aged 5 to 19, the obesity rate increased by four times during the same period.
“A staggering number of people are living with obesity, and severe obesity is strongly linked to a long list of health problems and an early death.” declared the lead writer of the study, Majid Ezzati, a professor at Imperial College London.
The WHO noted that at the World Health Assembly in 2022, member states agreed to an agency plan to fight obesity. So far, 31 governments “are now leading the way” to reduce obesity by carrying out goals of the plan.
These include government measures to enact new rules on “harmful” marketing of unhealthy food and drinks to children. In addition, governments are aiming to improve school and nutrition policies. They are also seeking price reductions for healthy foods, to increase public awareness about healthy diets and exercise and to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools.
Imperial College’s Ezzati said that obesity rates are not rising in many wealthier nations. But they are quickly increasing in other countries. He noted that some countries have many underweight people, meaning the nations are facing what he called a “double burden” of nutrition problems.
Branca is head of nutrition at the WHO. He told reporters, “In the past, we have been thinking of obesity as a problem of the rich, but obesity is a problem of the world. Although new obesity drugs — such as Ozempic and Wegovy — could be helpful tools in reducing obesity, they noted that the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality.”
28．What does the underlined word “staggering” mean
A．Satisfying. B．Amazing. C．Astonishing. D．Puzzling.
29．What is included in the plan led by 31 governments
A．Setting laws to ban the sale of unhealthy food.
B．Increasing the cost for people to consume healthy food.
C．Attaching importance to physical activities.
D．Offering lower-priced obesity drugs to people.
30．What does the author mean by mentioning “double burden”
A．Some countries are suffering both poverty and obesity.
B．Some countries are suffering both poor nutrition and obesity.
C．Obesity is common in both poor and wealthy countries.
D．Obesity is a heavy burden for some countries.
31．What is Branca’s attitude to obesity problem
A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Ambiguous. D．Optimistic.
【答案】28．C 29．C 30．B 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项新的研究估计，目前全球有超过10亿人患有肥胖症，肥胖的人在医学上被认为超重。对此到目前为止，31个国家的政府正在通过实施该计划的目标来“带头”减少肥胖。
28．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Researchers said around 43 percent of adults were overweight in 2022. Obesity among adults has more than doubled since 1990. Among young people aged 5 to 19, the obesity rate increased by four times during the same period.(研究人员表示，到2022年，约有43%的成年人超重。自1990年以来，成年人的肥胖人数增加了一倍多。在5岁至19岁的年轻人中，肥胖率同期增加了4倍)”可知，第一段的数据表明肥胖的人数令人惊讶。故划线词意思是“令人惊讶的”。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“They are also seeking price reductions for healthy foods, to increase public awareness about healthy diets and exercise and to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools.(它们还在寻求降低健康食品的价格，提高公众对健康饮食和锻炼的认识，并加强对学校体育活动的要求)”可知，由31个政府主导的计划包括重视体育活动。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Imperial College’s Ezzati said that obesity rates are not rising in many wealthier nations. But they are quickly increasing in other countries. He noted that some countries have many underweight people, meaning the nations are facing what he called a “double burden” of nutrition problems.(帝国理工学院的伊扎提说，许多富裕国家的肥胖率并没有上升。但在其他国家，这一数字正在迅速上升。他指出，一些国家有很多体重过轻的人，这意味着这些国家正面临着他所说的营养问题的“双重负担”)”可知，作者提到“双重负担”意思是一些国家的人民既营养不良又肥胖。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He told reporters, “In the past, we have been thinking of obesity as a problem of the rich, but obesity is a problem of the world. Although new obesity drugs – such as Ozempic and Wegovy — could be helpful tools in reducing obesity, they noted that the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality.(他告诉记者：“过去，我们一直认为肥胖是富人的问题，但肥胖是全世界的问题。尽管新的减肥药——比如Ozempic和Wegovy——可能是减少肥胖的有用工具，但他们指出，这些药物的成本和可获得性可能会增加不平等。”)”可推知，布兰卡对肥胖问题的态度是消极的。故选A。
D
No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty.
Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.
However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise.
The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.
Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!
In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect.
One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.
Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix
Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity.
32．What is a common practice to finish a task
A．Working in a focused period. B．Working with occasional breaks.
C．Working with a stop midway. D．Working in an interrupted session.
33．What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment
A．Interruption recalls details. B．Interruption betters memory.
C．Interruption disturbs balance. D．Interruption reduces productivity.
34．Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect
A．Fashion shows. B．Online news.
C．Talk shows. D．TV series.
35．What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect
A．The desire for balance. B．The physical backlog.
C．The outside pressure. D．The upcoming tasks.
【答案】32．A 33．B 34．D 35．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Zeigarnik效应，以及出现这种情况的原因。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.(人们普遍认为，打断会打断你的思维，对工作效率产生负面影响，所以建议你在下次休息前进行一段不受打扰的高强度工作)”可知，完成一项任务的常见做法是精力集中地工作一段时间。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段的“It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!(结果表明，成年人对被打断的任务的记忆比完成的任务高出90%，而孩子们甚至更有可能回忆起未完成的任务。换句话说，未完成的任务会一直留在你的脑海里，直到你完成它们!)”可知，Zeigarnik的实验发现“中断”能提高记忆力。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的“In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. (与已经完成的任务和还没有开始的任务相比，完成了一半的项目在我们的大脑为我们勾画的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先级)”可知，Zeigarnik效应指的是完成了一半的项目在我们大脑的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先等级。由此推知，看电视连续剧是Zeigarnik效应应用的一个例子，因为电视连续剧的剧集有时间间隔，导致人们被“中断”，以至于时刻想着看剧这件事。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.(一种可能的解释是，对于被打断的任务，我们迫切希望结束它们，以恢复一种平衡感。完成它们也意味着我们最终可以清理心理上的积压，为更多即将到来的任务腾出空间)”可知，Zeigarnik效应可能的一个原因是渴望平衡。故选A。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Traffic Regulation and Accident Prevention
We live in a remarkable time, and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery. 36 Expectations of life have greatly increased. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads. Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. 37
Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions. 38 There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving.
39 It’s all for his own convenience. Due to a serious tragedy, the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly. The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic, easily forgotten. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough.
Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances, and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life. Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents. Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers. 40 These measures may sound cruel. However, if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year, they should certainly not be considered serious. After all, the world belongs to humans, not cars.
A．There are five reasons for the accident and you are guilty.
B．Every year thousands of people are horribly killed, and we sit still and let it happen.
C．Surprisingly, society should smile at the driver and forgive him.
D．Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel, his car becomes an extension of his personality.
E．All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned.
F．It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life.
G．It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases.
【答案】36．G 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．E
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。人类用现代医学和手术可以使人类延年益寿，但是人们却忽视了每日都有人死于交通事故，作者剖析了事故原因，指出车辆是司机个性的延伸，有人为了自己图个方便，在开车时显露出了自己阴暗的一面，作者认为交通规则再怎么严也不为过，这样才能减少事故的发生。
36．上文“We live in a remarkable time, and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery. (我们生活在一个非凡的时代，许多曾经致命的疾病现在可以用现代医学和外科手术治愈。)”，G项“It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases. (几乎可以肯定的是，总有一天会找到治疗其他疾病的方法。)”，上文提到了many of the once fatal diseases，许多曾经致命的疾病现在可以治愈，G项提及the rest of the diseases，其他的一些疾病在未来肯定也可以治愈，故上文与G项语意衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。
37．上文“every day we witness the incredible killing of men, women and children on the roads. Man fights against the motor-car. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. (每一天，我们都目睹了令人难以置信的男人、女人和儿童在道路上被杀害。人类与汽车搏斗。这是一场人类正在输掉的永无休止的战斗。)”，B项“Every year thousands of people are horribly killed, and we sit still and let it happen. (每年都有成千上万的人惨死，而我们却坐视不管。)”，上文认为人类处于天天要面对交通问题，且天天有人死于交通事故的状态，B项解释了其中原因，因为即使人们每天面对因交通问题导致的死亡，却没有任何行动，为因果关系。故选B项。
38．D项“Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel, his car becomes an extension of his personality. (有人说得对，当一个人坐在方向盘后面时，他的车就变成了他个性的延伸。)”，下文“There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving. (毫无疑问，汽车常常使人显露出最坏的品质。平时安静愉快的人，当他们坐在方向盘后面时，就会变得无法识别。他们不礼貌，好斗，任性得像两岁的孩子，完全自私。他们所有隐藏的沮丧、失望和嫉妒似乎都是由开车引起的。)”，D项表明开车人的个性在他开车的方式上会有所表现，下文是对D项内容的延伸，开车过程中，开车人会呈现出最糟糕的一面，上下文语意连贯顺畅。故选D项。
39．上文“There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. Usually quiet and pleasant people, when they are behind the steering wheel, will become unrecognizable. They are impolite, aggressive, self-willed like two-year-old, completely selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments, and jealousy seem to be caused by driving. (毫无疑问，汽车常常使人显露出最坏的品质。平时安静愉快的人，当他们坐在方向盘后面时，就会变得面目全。他们不礼貌，好斗，任性得像两岁的孩子，完全自私。他们所有隐藏的沮丧、失望和嫉妒似乎都是由开车引起的。)”，C项“Surprisingly, society should smile at the driver and forgive him. (令人惊讶的是，社会应该对司机微笑并原谅他。)”，下文“It’s all for his own convenience. (这都是为了他自己的方便。)”，上文描述了人们一旦操控方向盘，就会展现出他们的糟糕的品行，而C项则说明这种现象在社会上被认为是可以理解的，下文则是进一步解释，出现这种现象，源于开车人发现路况对自己不友好，没有得到自己想要的方便，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
40．上文“Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers. (政府应该为制造商制定安全规范)”，E项“All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned. (所有强调权力和表演的广告都应该被禁止。)”，下文“These measures may sound cruel. However, if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year, they should certainly not be considered serious. After all, the world belongs to humans, not cars. (这些措施听起来可能很残酷。然而，如果这些措施导致每年生命损失的减少，它们当然不应该被认为是严重的。毕竟，世界属于人类，而不是汽车。)”，下文中的These measures指代上文中的政府方面的措施，以及E项中提及的广告方面的限制措施，故上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social 41 of Chimps are very similar to humans. Chimps will 42 in certain ways, like gathering together to protect their land. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to 43 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 44 to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food
In the laboratory, chimps don’t 45 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 46 -he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children, 47 , are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this 48 in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.
There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 49 in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very 50 age before most parents have started to train their children to behave 51 . Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence 52 in children before their general cognitive(认知的) skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the 53 world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.
The core (核心) of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can 54 what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a(n) 55 goal.
41．A．structures B．responsibilities C．policies D．behaviors
42．A．conflict B．offend C．cooperate D．discuss
43．A．help B．contact C．divide D．trust
44．A．manage B．decline C．attempt D．force
45．A．curiously B．unwillingly C．naturally D．carelessly
46．A．in turn B．with care C．at random D．in advance
47．A．all in all B．as a result C．in no case D．on the other hand
48．A．cooperativeness B．availability C．attack D．attractiveness
49．A．educated B．possessed C．motivated D．stimulated
50．A．old B．young C．middle D．late
51．A．creatively B．formally C．competitively D．socially
52．A．develops B．decreases C．changes D．disappears
53．A．invisible B．abstract C．physical D．imaginary
54．A．infer B．adapt C．absorb D．balance
55．A．realistic B．shared C．specific D．ambitious
【答案】
41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛通过测试发现人类在社交方面比黑猩猩出色得多是因为人类的思维中有“共同意向性”，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，科学家发现黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似。A. structures结构；B. responsibilities责任；C. policies政策；D. behaviors行为、举止。根据下文“Chimps will 2 in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.”可知，黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似，故选D。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：黑猩猩会以某种方式合作，比如聚在一起在战争中保护自己的领地。A. conflict冲突；B. offend冒犯；C. cooperate合作；D. discuss讨论。根据下文“like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.”可知，黑猩猩会聚在一起在战争中保护自己的领地，这说明它们会互相合作，故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，它们几乎没有互相帮助的本能。A. help帮助；B. contact联系；C. divide分开；D. trust信任。攻击上文“But”可知，这里的转折连词表明此处与前面说的互相合作相反，除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，它们几乎不会互相帮助。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至黑猩猩妈妈也经常拒绝与孩子分享食物。A. manage设法做成；B. decline拒绝；C. attempt尝试；D. force迫使。攻击上文“But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 3 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.”可知，野生黑猩猩自己寻找食物，它们几乎不会互相帮助，所以黑猩猩妈妈也会拒绝与孩子分享食物，把食物只留给自己。故选B。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在实验室里，黑猩猩也不会自然地分享食物。A. curiously好奇地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. naturally自然地；D. carelessly粗心地。上文“But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 3 one another.”可知，说除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，黑猩猩几乎没有互相帮助的本能，在实验室里，它们也不会自然而然地分享食物。故选C。
46．考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果一只黑猩猩被关在笼子里，在那里它可以为自己拉进一盘食物，或者不费多大的力气就可以拉一盘食物给隔壁笼子的邻居，它只会随意拉——只是不在乎邻居是否被喂饱。A. in turn轮流；B. with care小心地；C. at random随意地、胡乱；D. in advance事先。根据下文“he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not.”可知，即使是毫不费力地拉一盘食物给隔壁的邻居，它也不会在乎邻居是否被喂饱，这说明它只是随意地拉。故选C。
47．考查介词短语辨析。另一方面，人类儿童从很小的时候就非常合作，他们决定帮助他人，分享信息，参与实现共同目标。A. all in all总而言之；B. as a result结果；C. in no case决不；D. on the other hand另一方面。根据上文“In the laboratory, chimps don’t 5 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 6 — he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.”和下文“are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.”可知，上文介绍的是黑猩猩的行为，下文介绍的是人类的行为，与黑猩猩的行为形成对比，用on the other hand构成对比。故选D。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛在一系列针对幼儿的实验中研究了这种合作性。A. cooperativeness合作性；B. availability可用性；C. attack攻击；D. attractiveness吸引力。根据上文“From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.”可知，说人类儿童在很小的时候就知道合作，所以心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛在实验中研究了这种合作性。故选A。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有几个理由让我们相信，帮助、告知和分享的冲动不是教出来的，而是小孩子天生就有的。A. educated教育；B. possessed拥有；C. motivated激发；D. stimulated促进。根据上文“the urges to help, inform and share are not taught”可知，人类儿童很小的时候就知道合作的这些行为不是教出来的，而是生来就有的本能。故选B。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个理由是这些本能在很小的时候就出现了，在大多数父母开始训练他们的孩子学会社交之前。A. old旧的；B. young年轻的；C. middle中间的；D. late迟的。根据上文“the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，这些本能行为不是教出来的，而是生来就有的，所以是在人类很小的时候就出现了。故选B。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. creatively创造性地；B. formally正式地；C. competitively竞争地；D. socially社交方面。根据上文“There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，帮助、告知和分享都属于社交行为，此处指父母教他们的孩子学习社交之前，他们已经知道怎么做了。故选D。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个原因是，社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展，至少与黑猩猩相比是这样。A. develops发展；B. decreases减少；C. changes改变；D. disappears消失。根据上文“There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，人类儿童从很小的时候就知道合作和帮助，人们认为这是因为社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展。故选A。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在托马塞洛进行的测试中，人类儿童在物理世界测试中并不比黑猩猩表现得更好，但在理解社交世界方面表现得要好得多。A. invisible看不见的；B. abstract抽象的；C. physical物质的、物理的；D. imaginary虚构的。根据下文“the social world”可知，与社会世界相对的应该是物理世界。故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种能力的一部分是他们可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么。A. infer推断；B. adapt适应；C. absorb吸收；D. balance平衡。根据上文“The core of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality.”可知，儿童思维中有托马塞洛所说的共同意向性，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有，这种能力会让人类儿童可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么，所以他们从小就知道合作和分享。故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们积极寻求成为“我们”的一部分，一个致力于实现共同目标的团体。A. realistic实际的；B. shared共享的；C. specific特定的；D. ambitious野心勃勃的。根据上文“But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose.”可知，即使是很小的孩子也希望成为共同目标的一部分，所以他们会为实现加入有共同目标的团体而努力。故选B。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Morley Safer has worked in television news for 61 years. He’s spent 46 of those years on his broadcast, longer than anyone else. As a 56 (travel), he holds some sort of record, 57 (take) planes, trains, boats, even bicycles to the ends of the Earth.
When he was 24, a door opened that would change his life. He was hired 58 a television news writer at the CBC, Canada's premier broadcasting network. And soon enough, he was 59 foreign correspondent(记者), the job he’d dreamed of. His passport filled up quickly. In late 1963, Morley caught the eye of the American network leaders, 60 hired him to join the great CBS bureau in London. From his base in London, he covered shooting wars in Algeria and Cyprus.
By the time he was 35, he 61 (cover) news in Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. It’s fair 62 (say) that nobody alive today has seen as much and reported on it as 63 (brilliant) as Morley. Simply by example, he’s made the rest of us better journalists. His writing 64 (consider) the best in the business. His toughness and kindness and sense of humor are legendary.
In a business that’s fast-moving and sometimes competitive, he survived and prospered, either outworking 65 outliving everyone else, trying to get to the bottom of things.
【答案】
56．traveler 57．taking 58．as 59．a 60．who 61．had covered 62．to say 63．brilliantly 64．is considered 65．or
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了著名新闻记者Morley Safer在新闻领域所做出的努力和贡献。
56．考查名词。句意：作为一名旅行者，他保持着某种记录，乘坐飞机、火车、船只，甚至骑自行车到达地球的尽头。在不定冠词a后，应该是可数名词单数；表示身份。故填traveler。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名旅行者，他保持着某种记录，乘坐飞机、火车、船只，甚至骑自行车到达地球的尽头。 take和句子的主语he之间是逻辑上的主动关系，此处用现在分词作状语。故填taking。
58．考查介词。句意：他被加拿大最重要的广播电视网CBC聘为电视新闻记者。根据句意，此处是短语be hired as“被聘请为”，介词as意思为“作为”。故填as。
59．考查冠词。句意：很快，他就成为一名驻外记者，这是他梦寐以求的工作。correspondent是可数名词，此处泛指“一名”；foreign的发音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。
60．考查定语从句关系词。句意：1963年末，Morley 引起了美国网络广播公司领导的注意，他们聘请他加入了大哥伦比亚广播公司伦敦分社。分析句子结构,“____ hired him to join the great CBS bureau in London”是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the American network leaders，指人，在从句中作主语，因此用who引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。
61．考查时态。句意：到他35岁时，他已经报道了欧洲、中东和东南亚的新闻。根据时间状语“By the time he was 35”判断用过去完成时。故填had covered。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：说句公道话，当今没有人像Morley 那样，见过那么多世面，报道得那么精彩。句中it是形式主语，此处用不定式作真正的主语。故填to say。
63．考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词reported应该用副词。故填brilliantly。
64．考查时态语态。句意：他的作品被认为是业内最好的。句子叙述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时；主语his writing与consider之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，因此用一般现在时的被动语态；句子主语his writing是单数意义，be用is。故填is considered。
65．考查连词。句意：在这个瞬息万变、有时竞争激烈的行业里，要么比别人更努力，要么经受得比别人多，他努力弄清事情的真相，并取得了成功。此处是并列结构either… or，意思为“或者……或者，要么……要么”。故填or。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假定你是校英语社社长李华，请给外教William 写一封邮件邀请他在校首届英语节上致开幕辞。
内容包括：
1．英语节介绍;
2．开幕式的时间和地点等。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80词左右;
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear William,
I am Li Hua. How are you getting along I am writing to invite you to give the opening speech at the first English Festival in our school. The English Festival is a grand activity founded by the English Club of our school. Not only will the activity help us learn English culture, but also the communication between English lovers will be improved.
The first English Festival will take place in our classroom at 2 o’clock on September 10th. After your opening speech, there are also a few speeches delivered by some student representatives. We are going to sing some songs and perform a short play for the audience. We have also prepared flowers and cards for our each teacher. Finally, we will take some nice photos to remember the wonderful moment.
Looking forward to your coming.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教William 写一封邮件邀请他在校首届英语节上致开幕辞。内容包括：
【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请：invite→ask
盛大的：grand→magnificent
交流：communication→exchange
演讲：speech→lecture
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：After your opening speech, there are also a few speeches delivered by some student representatives.
拓展句：After you finish the opening speech, there are also a few speeches delivered by some student representatives.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The English Festival is a grand activity founded by the English Club of our school.(运用了过去分词作后置定语)
【高分句型2】Not only will the activity help us learn English culture, but also the communication between English lovers will be improved.(运用了部分倒装句式)
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
This fall break, I took my son Nels, aged 15 , for our long-planned vacation in a national park. We had a rented cottage at the foot of the mountain by a lake. And my niece Susan, aged 12, also joined us.
On the first day, abundant items kept everyone occupied: picnicking, canoeing, shooting. When night fell, we sat around the campfire singing and dancing with other vacationers, all having a great day.
Nevertheless, on the second day, I noticed Susan constantly checking her screen, busily texting. That day, she stayed indoors glued to her phone, playing Axe Climber. Then, I had an idea, announcing, “Tomorrow, we’ll hike to the top of the Stone Mountains.”
Hearing this, Susan shrugged, as if to say, “Why ”
Eyes fixed on Susan, I continued, “Put your phone aside and climb a real mountain, OK ”
“Well,” Susan responded reluctantly, “the Axe Climber is moving up to the final level, so I’ll not be available tomorrow.”
“Susan, that’s not the actual wilderness experience. I hiked a lot. It’s greater fun,” Nels said persuasively.
“Sounds more like punishment,” she mumbled. “I hate sweating.”
“Never have you been on a mountaintop. Susan, have a go this time, and you are sure to love the feeling and pleasure it brings.”
She finally nodded unwillingly, “Fine, I’ll give it a try.”
I smiled. Anyway, she agreed. The next morning, we awakened to the sound of birds singing. It was a nice day with the sun shining mildly and clouds floating leisurely. “A perfect day for hiking,” I said. “I will go, Uncle,” Susan replied mechanically.
Packing bread, bottled water and camera into the backpack, we set out for our destination. Against the blue sky, a rough trail wound its way to the top of the mountain.
“I still don’t think it’s a good idea,” Susan complained, frowning.
“No pains, no gains! Come on!” I encouraged.
Paragraph 1:
Thus, Susan began hiking up.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
An hour later, we made it to the top. “How awesome!” Susan yelled with wild joy.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph l:
Thus, Susan began hiking up. At first, she went up at a brisk pace. However, the higher we climbed, the steeper the trail became. It was not long before we began sweating. “I can’t walk any further!” Susan complained breathlessly. She was thirsty, sweaty and exhausted. Handing her a bottle, I suggested taking a break. Minutes later, we continued our way. Susan followed, falling further and further behind. “Hold on! We’re almost to the top!” “Susan, you’re a real climber!” Both Nels and I cheered for her. Gasping, Susan took every step with great effort, progressing slowly but firmly. I was proud she didn’t quit.
Paragraph 2:
An hour later, we made it to the top. “How awesome!” Susan yelled with wild joy. Falling leaves, red, yellow and orange, danced gracefully in the air. Below us, miles of fields and hills stretched out as far as we could see. “We’re on the top of the world! It feels so good!” Susan was enchanted, immersed in the pleasure never experienced. Resting on the rocks, we felt the refreshing breeze brushing our cheeks. “Anyone still miss her phone ” I joked. Susan rolled her eyes, laughing out loud, “Remember to call me next time you go hiking!” I felt relieved and rewarded. This hiking was worth all the pains.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在秋季假期带着15岁儿子内尔斯去国家公园度假，12岁的侄女Susan也加入他们。第三天他们徒步到石山的山顶，虽然十分辛苦，但是最后登上山顶，看到了迷人的风光，感到所有的辛苦都是值得的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“于是，Susan开始往上爬。”可知，第一段可描写他们登山的经过以及Susan的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“一个小时后，我们到达了山顶。”可知，第二段可描写他们登上山顶后看到的景色以及感受。
2.续写线索：Susan开始爬山——Susan抱怨——作者鼓励Susan——登上山顶——欣赏风景——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开始：begin/start
②前进：progress/march
③继续：continue/go on
情绪类
①疲惫：exhausted/tired
②快乐：joy/pleasure/happiness
【点睛】【高分句型1】Gasping, Susan took every step with great effort, progressing slowly but firmly.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Susan was enchanted, immersed in the pleasure never experienced.（运用了过去分词作状语和定语）
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