资源简介

第19讲 翻译（讲义）
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 翻译题中考考情分析
三 翻译题 的考向 熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识 2.把握句型结构，避免中式英语 3.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤 4.提升必考题型归纳
四 真题感悟 中考翻译题经典考题精选
【复习目标】
1.熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识
2.把握句型结构，避免中式英语
3.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤
【考情分析】
翻译题命题规律
翻译题解题技巧
一、找考点及固定搭配
同学们在做翻译句子的时候，可不能随心所欲。看到一个句子，首先就要弄清楚这道题要考我们什么，这里有哪些固定搭配。要知道每个句子通常都会包含几个知识点或者说固定词语搭配。大家在做其他题型的时候也可以尝试这样做，这有利于知识点的巩固。举几个例子：
熬夜是一一个坏习惯。
(stay)__________ is a bad habit.
2.如果你在考试中保持冷静，就会考出好成绩。(keep)
If you（）in the exam, you will get good grades.
3.每个人都应该在环保方面发挥作用。(play)
Everyone should（）the environmental protection.
4.我正在期待着高中的新生活。(look)
I__the new life of senior high school
我们一起来分析一下：第一题：题主要考查 “熬夜”也就是stay up这个固定短语的用法；2题考“保持冷静” keep (your) cool／keep calm；82题考查短语“发挥重要作用”play a part in／play a role in；3题考查短语“期待着……”look forward to。这是解题的第一步，接下来我们开始第二步。
二、确定时态语态
时态和语态是我们初中英语学习的重点内容，也是中考英语考查的热点。我们从卷面上看，不少同学常常因为时态和语态的错误，而导致丢分。因此，大家一定要注意时态和语态，根据句意和时间状语，来确定时态语态，以便确保准确翻译。
我们接着分析上面四道题，短语确定之后，就要分析时态：
1.题是动词短语放在句首作主语，我们可以想到动名词作主语，或者是动词不定式作主语，所以正确答案为Staying up (late)／To stay up(late)；
看2题，涉及到的语法点是if引导的条件状语从句，主将从现的原则，所以if从句时态要用一般现在时即keep (your) cool／keep calm；
3题我们看到情态动词should，就可以判断直接用动词原形 play a part in／play a role in；
4题有明显的时间标志“正在”当然就是现在进行时了，答案为am looking forward to。
三、把握句型结构，避免中式英语
最后一步也很重要，我们说英语很容易受到汉语思维的影响而造成失误，怎样才能避免呢？就是需要大家灵活掌握英语的句型结构，从基本的五种简单句开始，这方面的知识在前期文章中有详细讲解，大家可以搜索查看。在汉译英中的句型大致包括简单句、并列句、复合句三种类型。对于简单句，我们需要弄清主语、谓语、宾语、定语等句子成分；对于并列句，需要把握好并列连词的运用；对于复合句，需要辨别状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句的不同用法。
举个简单的例子：翻译“你能告诉我他几岁了吗？”这个句子是一般疑问句，还要用宾语从句。根据语法规则，宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以答案为Can you tell me how old he is ？。总之，解题有方法，但是更重要的是我们要有扎实的基础，在平时的英语学习中，同学们要注意词汇短语搭配的积累，同时加强汉译英翻译训练，在练习中巩固词汇。掌握方法，提升翻译能力，为取得高分打下坚实的基础。
四、常用句型及结构
It’s time to do sth./It’s time for sth.该干……了。
如:Children,it’s time to have lunch.(Children, it’s time for lunch.)孩子们,该吃午饭了。
It’s important to do sth.做某事很重要。
如:It’s important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。
It’s one’s duty to do sth.做某事是某人的责任。
如:It’s our duty to protect the environment.保护环境是我们的责任。
It’s impossible to do sth.做某事是不可能的。
如:It’s impossible for Taiwan to break away from our motherland.台湾从祖国分裂出去是不可能的。
no matter...无论……。
如:No matter what he says,nobody believes him.无论他说什么,没人相信他。
neither...nor...既不……,也不……。
如:Mary can neither sing nor dance.玛丽既不会唱歌,也不会跳舞。
It’s said that...据说……。
如:It’s said that this is the fourth time the Big Ben has stopped working.据说这是大本钟第四次停止运转了。
too...to...太……以至于不能……。
如:She is too excited to say a word.她太兴奋了,以至于说不出一句话。
so...that...如此……以至于……。
如:This box is so heavy that she can’t lift it.这个箱子如此重,以至于她提不起它。
not...until...直到……才……。
如:He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。
thank you/thanks for doing sth.感谢你做某事。
如:Thank you for listening to me.感谢你听我讲。
as...as 和……一样。
如:English is as important as maths.英语和数学一样重要。
It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
如:It took workers only seven days to build a new hospital.工人们仅用七天时间就建成了一座新医院。
either...or...要么……,要么……。
如:You may either stay at home or go with us.你要么待在家里,要么跟我们一块去。
as soon as 一……就……。
如:I’ll tell him as soon as my father comes back.我父亲一回来,我就告诉他。
know+疑问词+不定式。
如:No one knows what to do next.没人知道下一步该怎么办。
had better 最好。
如:You had better see a doctor if you get a bad cold.如果你患了重感冒,你最好去看医生。
tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事;tell sb.not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事。
如:He told me not to lose heart.他告诉我不要灰心。
I hope.../I wish...
如:They hope to win the game in the afternoon.他们希望赢得下午的比赛。
We all wish him to bring us good news.我们都希望他给我们带来好消息。
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从句
一、汉译英
1．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）只要你认真对待每一件事，你就会把它做好。
.
2．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）那座房子是什么时候建的

3．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）没有人知道它是谁。
.
4．（2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模）我们应该对每个帮助我们的人心存感激。
5．（2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模）你能告诉我去历史博物馆的路吗？
6．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）令他感到惊讶的是，如此多的人对科幻小说感兴趣。
7．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）据说这家餐馆已经开业半年了。
8．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）飞机将在10分钟之后起飞。
9．（2023·山东威海·统考一模）他不知道他哥哥有没有把那本杂志还给图书馆。(汉译英)
10．（2023·山东威海·统考一模）我太害怕了，一动也不敢动。（汉译英）
二、英译汉
11．（2023·山东滨州·统考三模）ChatGPT (人工智能聊天机器人) has been very popular all over the world in the past months.
12．（2023·山东滨州·统考三模）Speaking English as much as possible is the key to learning English well.
13．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）All of us should know that talent without working hard is nothing.
14．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）The most valuable thing is health, rather than money.
15．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Try and then you can make up for the mistakes that you once made.
16．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Our country’s great achievements are from the hard work of our Party and our people.
17．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Once you make promises to others you should try your best to keep them.
18．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Don’t lie in bed all day. You are supposed to do more exercise in order to keep healthy.
19．（2023·山东滨州·统考一模）Qingming is not only one of China’s 24 solar terms, but also a moment for Chinese people to honor lost family members.
20．（2023·山东滨州·统考一模）An hour in the morning is worth two hours in the evening.
三、语篇翻译
（2023·湖南湘西·统考三模）阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
Little Women is set (以……为背景) in New England in the United States during the American Civil War (1861-1865). The story follows the lives of the four March sisters: Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy. The author is Louisa May Alcott. 1.The book is based on the author’s own experiences of growing up with her three sisters.
2.这个故事的主题（theme）是关于家庭的重要性。 Other themes include the need to work and self-improvement for women.
When the story begins, 3.the sisters are complaining because they are poor and have to work. Their mother says that they mustn’t spend money on pleasure because there is a war and everybody must help. Their father is in the army. Their father writes letter to his family. In the letter he tell his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time. 4. 她们必须尝试接受生命中的不幸并保持乐观。 He wants to be proud of them when he comes home. The girls decide to make an effort to improve themselves because they love and miss their father very much.
Alcott was interested in women’s rights. 5.Through the four March sisters, she explores different ways of being a woman in those days. Meg leaves the family to get married and have a new family. Beth devotes (奉献) herself to looking after her own family. Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure. And Jo, like Alcott herself, tries to have a career (事业) in writing and care for her family at the same time.
21．
22．
23．
24．
25．
（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
It is not possible to tell the importance of forests in just a few words. Forests influence our daily lives in so many ways, even in the center of a busy noisy city.
Forest products are used in our daily lives. 1. Almost every activity has something to do with forests. Some are easy to point out, and others are hard to say. They can not only help make our lives more convenient, but also make our Earth more beautiful and comfortable.
Forests help protect the sea, and the earth is in good health because of them. Over the past 50 years, about half the world’s forests have been lost.2. The most important reason for that is polluting the environment and cutting down trees.
As this goes on, it’ll be harder and harder for us to survive on the Earth.
26．
27．
（2023·湖南株洲·统考一模）根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
1. Every one of us, rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends. Your friends will listen to you when you speak, will take care of you when you are sick, and will be with you in your journey through life.
2. 每个人都需要朋友。Friendship can make us happier. How can we find a good friend and get on well with each other Here is some advice.
★3.Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with.
★You should make friends with a person who has something in common with you.
★Give your friend a hand when he or she is in trouble. Friends should always be ready to help each other.
★Believe in each other. 4 .这是友谊中最重要的事情。
★Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes. 5. If this happens don’t let your quarrel last too long. Try to make up with your friends soon.
Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life. It is like a bottle of wine. The longer it is kept, the better it will be.
28．
29．
30．
31．
32．
（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Maybe you are a common student. You probably think you will never be a top student. 1.However, anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how:
Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, and so on. Then decide a good, regular time for studying. And the time for rest. A weekly schedule can make you realize what is happening to your time.
2.找一个好地方学习。Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room. No games, radios, or television! 3.When you sit down to study, you should pay attention on the study.
Make good use of your time in class. Listen to everything the teachers say carefully. 4.Really listening in class means less work after class. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Review the important points that your teacher taught in class. Review the knowledge can make you remember it longer.
Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you learn about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. 5.世界不会因为你考试不及格而灭亡，所以不用太担心。
33．
34．
35．
36．
37．
（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Fujian Tulou is a kind of house in the mountain areas of Fujian Province. It is known as the Ancient Oriental (东方的) Castle. Forty-six Fujian Tulou places were added to the World Heritage List (世界文化遗产名录) in 2008.
Fujian Tulou is usually a large, enclosed earthen building with thick earth walls. 1. 尽管它们相互看起来都很相似，但每一栋都是特别的。Most of the buildings, usually three to four floors, are like a circle, but some are like a rectangle (矩形). 2. The design of Tulou follows the traditional Chinese house idea of “closed outside and open inside”. Jiqing Building, built in 1419, is the oldest circular Tulou in Yongding District, Longyan, Fujian. Hegui Building in Nanjing county is the tallest rectangular Tulou in the province. It is 21.5 meters high.
Tulou was a great place for people there to protect themselves. While Tulou means “earthen buildings” in Chinese, the buildings were made of far more than just mud. People used local river stones, bamboo, sand and lime (石灰) to build them, as well. 3. In ancient times, the buildings also included strong gates, water wells and tunnels (地道) for running away.
Tulou is like a village. The families who live there have their own rooms. 4. 在节日或一些重要的日子里，他们经常在院子里聚会。People who live in Tulou are mostly Hakka (客家人). And Tulou can be seen in many places. 5. Besides Fujian Province, the buildings are also seen in Guangdong Province and Jiangxi Province. While the buildings are now open to tourists, there are still people living in them.
38．
39．
40．
41．
42．
（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
“If he doesn’t call me, I’m going to die!” 1.那是一种十分正常的感觉。It means you are “in love”—kind of. It’s puppy love(早恋) not true love, yet.
2.Puppy love is common among students all over the world. In the West, people think puppy love is a healthy part of a teenager’s life. In China, parents and teachers think it’s a problem .
Puppy love is beautiful. It’s cool to love someone, or be loved by someone else instead of your mother or your dog. 3.它能使你成为一个更好的人。You will know how to use your love to help others.
If you find yourself “in love “it’s OK, but...wait! Now you have lots of important things to do. Think of these questions: Will you love him or her ten years later Do you have enough education to find a good job and live a happy life with the person you love in the future 4.What would you do if you found someone better than him or her I bet(打赌) you are not sure of these answers. Why Because you are too young to understand the true love.
5.True love will come when you grow up. Now, you should try to be the best person you can be, and do the very best you can. That means doing well at school and being a good son or daughter first.
43．
44．
45．
46．
47．
（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，将文中画线部分译成汉语或英语。
How do you get to school 71. Do you walk to school or ride a bike Do you go by bus or by train 72.对许多学生来说，去学校很容易。But for the students in one small village in China, it’s difficult. 73. There is a very big river between their school and the village. There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats. So these students go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.
One 11-year-old boy, Liangliang, crosses the river every school day. But he is not afraid because he loves school. “74.我喜欢和我同学一起玩。And I love my teacher. He is like a father to me.”
Many of the students and villagers never leave the village. It is their dream to have a bridge. 75. I’m sure their dream can come true.
48．
49．
50．
51．
52．
（2023·湖南湘潭·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Good afternoon, everyone. It’s my honor to be the first speaker. I’m Michelle from the pros (正方). 1. We agree that kids should share chores at home. And we have the following reasons.
To begin with, kids need to know it is their duty to do chores. 2.他们与父母生活在一起。They should know that if they want to have a clean and comfortable home, everyone should do their part. 3. For example. kids can do the dishes or clean the rooms. Sharing housework also helps them to understand the idea of fairness.
Then, doing chores together helps bring the family closer. When kids help mom fold the clothes, they can have lovely chats about what has happened during the day. 4 It’s helpful for kids to relax. Besides, just as the saying goes “Many hands make easy work.”, the chores will be finished more easily if everyone does something.
Lastly, doing chores helps the kids to grow. 5.它教会孩子们照顾自己 and helps develop their independence. So the earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
Thank you!
53．
54．
55．
56．
57．
（2023·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
We spend about one-third of our lives asleep. Sleep is important to us. A good sleep gives us energy and makes us feel happier. If you need some good sleep, you can try the new bus service in Hong Kong. Hong Kong has opened a “Sleeping Bus Tour”. 1. The five-hour ride is for people who can’t sleep well at night. Passengers can get eye masks, ear plugs (耳塞) and so on for better sleep.
Why do buses make people sleepy Buses are a perfect environment that produces white noise. Buses get crowded with people going to and from work every day. Carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) increases when there are lots of people in a small place. When you were a baby, you were rocked (摇晃) to sleep. Sitting on a bus gives people similar experiences. Their rocking movements make people want to close their eyes. 2. You may find it easy to fall asleep during the long bus trip.
58．
59．
（2023·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将文中画线的句子译成汉语或英语。
What do you like to do in your free time 1. Different people have different answers. For the 3-grader Chen Yunxi, it’s rock climbing.
Chen is from Shenzhen. She is tall and thin, and has long black hair. 2. 像许多其他女孩一样，她最喜欢的颜色是粉色。But her hobby is very different—it’s rock climbing.
3. She started rock climbing when she was only four years old. She loves it so much that she trains very hard. Last November, 8-year-old Chen successfully finished the wild rock climbing route “CHINA CLIMB” in Yangshuo, Guangxi. That makes her the youngest climber in China to finish the 5.14A level climbing route.
4. 她有一个梦想。She wants to take part in the Olympics. She thinks that the happiest thing in the world is just to fight for her dream. 5. She says she will train hard to make her dream come true.
60．
61．
62．
63．
64．
（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。
A good memory has to do with many things, such as focus and interest. You might have a fantastic memory for sporting numbers but no head for math. 1. This happens because you love sports and hate math.
Learning needs attention. You need 8 seconds to understand a piece of information and keep it in the memory, so try to focus on one thing when you want to remember it. 2. The best time for learning is the early morning. This is the time when our brains are the most active. We take in and work out information quickly at that time.
65．
66．
（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
If you are an animal-lover, and you’d like to work with animals, you can choose one of the following jobs as you like.
First, working as an animal behaviour（行为）scientist is interesting. The work is to watch animals carefully and understand how animals live as a group. 1. You can learn about their problems and protect them. Second, you can be a zoo vet（兽医）. You might work with birds, fish or even a lion! As a zoo vet, you know the animals well and see them right now if they are sick. 2. Sometimes, you tell stories about animals to people who visit the zoo. Third, an animal nutritionist（营养师）can make the right food for the animals.
There are many other jobs working with animals. Just find something right for you.
67．
68．
（2023·辽宁·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
Happy birthday! You have grown a little more. Everybody has a birthday party every year. But what about trees Trees don’t have birthday parties. They have rings (年轮). How can we know a tree’s age 1. We can count its rings. The rings are inside the trunk (树干). A ring has a light part and a dark part. The light parts show winter and spring. The dark parts show summer and autumn. Each tree ring means one year. So an old tree has many rings. 2. If you want to see the rings inside a tree, you need to cut it down. But no one wants to do that.
69．
70． 第19讲 翻译（讲义）
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 翻译题中考考情分析
三 翻译题 的考向 熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识 2.把握句型结构，避免中式英语 3.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤 4.提升必考题型归纳
四 真题感悟 中考翻译题经典考题精选
【复习目标】
1.熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识
2.把握句型结构，避免中式英语
3.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤
【考情分析】
翻译题命题规律
翻译题解题技巧
一、找考点及固定搭配
同学们在做翻译句子的时候，可不能随心所欲。看到一个句子，首先就要弄清楚这道题要考我们什么，这里有哪些固定搭配。要知道每个句子通常都会包含几个知识点或者说固定词语搭配。大家在做其他题型的时候也可以尝试这样做，这有利于知识点的巩固。举几个例子：
熬夜是一一个坏习惯。
(stay)__________ is a bad habit.
2.如果你在考试中保持冷静，就会考出好成绩。(keep)
If you（）in the exam, you will get good grades.
3.每个人都应该在环保方面发挥作用。(play)
Everyone should（）the environmental protection.
4.我正在期待着高中的新生活。(look)
I__the new life of senior high school
我们一起来分析一下：第一题：题主要考查 “熬夜”也就是stay up这个固定短语的用法；2题考“保持冷静” keep (your) cool／keep calm；82题考查短语“发挥重要作用”play a part in／play a role in；3题考查短语“期待着……”look forward to。这是解题的第一步，接下来我们开始第二步。
二、确定时态语态
时态和语态是我们初中英语学习的重点内容，也是中考英语考查的热点。我们从卷面上看，不少同学常常因为时态和语态的错误，而导致丢分。因此，大家一定要注意时态和语态，根据句意和时间状语，来确定时态语态，以便确保准确翻译。
我们接着分析上面四道题，短语确定之后，就要分析时态：
1.题是动词短语放在句首作主语，我们可以想到动名词作主语，或者是动词不定式作主语，所以正确答案为Staying up (late)／To stay up(late)；
看2题，涉及到的语法点是if引导的条件状语从句，主将从现的原则，所以if从句时态要用一般现在时即keep (your) cool／keep calm；
3题我们看到情态动词should，就可以判断直接用动词原形 play a part in／play a role in；
4题有明显的时间标志“正在”当然就是现在进行时了，答案为am looking forward to。
三、把握句型结构，避免中式英语
最后一步也很重要，我们说英语很容易受到汉语思维的影响而造成失误，怎样才能避免呢？就是需要大家灵活掌握英语的句型结构，从基本的五种简单句开始，这方面的知识在前期文章中有详细讲解，大家可以搜索查看。在汉译英中的句型大致包括简单句、并列句、复合句三种类型。对于简单句，我们需要弄清主语、谓语、宾语、定语等句子成分；对于并列句，需要把握好并列连词的运用；对于复合句，需要辨别状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句的不同用法。
举个简单的例子：翻译“你能告诉我他几岁了吗？”这个句子是一般疑问句，还要用宾语从句。根据语法规则，宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以答案为Can you tell me how old he is ？。总之，解题有方法，但是更重要的是我们要有扎实的基础，在平时的英语学习中，同学们要注意词汇短语搭配的积累，同时加强汉译英翻译训练，在练习中巩固词汇。掌握方法，提升翻译能力，为取得高分打下坚实的基础。
四、常用句型及结构
It’s time to do sth./It’s time for sth.该干……了。
如:Children,it’s time to have lunch.(Children, it’s time for lunch.)孩子们,该吃午饭了。
It’s important to do sth.做某事很重要。
如:It’s important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。
It’s one’s duty to do sth.做某事是某人的责任。
如:It’s our duty to protect the environment.保护环境是我们的责任。
It’s impossible to do sth.做某事是不可能的。
如:It’s impossible for Taiwan to break away from our motherland.台湾从祖国分裂出去是不可能的。
no matter...无论……。
如:No matter what he says,nobody believes him.无论他说什么,没人相信他。
neither...nor...既不……,也不……。
如:Mary can neither sing nor dance.玛丽既不会唱歌,也不会跳舞。
It’s said that...据说……。
如:It’s said that this is the fourth time the Big Ben has stopped working.据说这是大本钟第四次停止运转了。
too...to...太……以至于不能……。
如:She is too excited to say a word.她太兴奋了,以至于说不出一句话。
so...that...如此……以至于……。
如:This box is so heavy that she can’t lift it.这个箱子如此重,以至于她提不起它。
not...until...直到……才……。
如:He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。
thank you/thanks for doing sth.感谢你做某事。
如:Thank you for listening to me.感谢你听我讲。
as...as 和……一样。
如:English is as important as maths.英语和数学一样重要。
It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
如:It took workers only seven days to build a new hospital.工人们仅用七天时间就建成了一座新医院。
either...or...要么……,要么……。
如:You may either stay at home or go with us.你要么待在家里,要么跟我们一块去。
as soon as 一……就……。
如:I’ll tell him as soon as my father comes back.我父亲一回来,我就告诉他。
know+疑问词+不定式。
如:No one knows what to do next.没人知道下一步该怎么办。
had better 最好。
如:You had better see a doctor if you get a bad cold.如果你患了重感冒,你最好去看医生。
tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事;tell sb.not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事。
如:He told me not to lose heart.他告诉我不要灰心。
I hope.../I wish...
如:They hope to win the game in the afternoon.他们希望赢得下午的比赛。
We all wish him to bring us good news.我们都希望他给我们带来好消息。
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从句
一、汉译英
1．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）只要你认真对待每一件事，你就会把它做好。
.
【答案】You will do it well as long as you take everything seriously.
【详解】句中的“只要你认真对待每一件事”是条件状语从句，用as long as（只要）来引导，take everything seriously表示“认真对待每一件事”。do it well表示“把它做好”。本题应遵循条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则。故填You will do it well as long as you take everything seriously.
2．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）那座房子是什么时候建的

【答案】When was the house built
【详解】根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是the house，be动词用was，在疑问句中把be动词was放主语之前；疑问词用when；建造：build。故填When was the house built。
3．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）没有人知道它是谁。
.
【答案】Nobody knows who it is
【详解】根据语境可知，句子用一般现在时，主句主语是nobody，谓语动词用单三knows“知道”，宾语是who it is“它是谁”。故填Nobody knows who it is。
4．（2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模）我们应该对每个帮助我们的人心存感激。
【答案】We should be thankful to everyone who helps us.
【详解】对……感激be thankful to；我们we；应该should，后接动词原形；每个人everyone；帮助help，其宾语“我们”需要用宾格形式即us。分析句子可知用一般现在时，“每个帮助我们的人”应使用定语从句，先行词是everyone，引导词是who；help作从句的谓语用三单形式。故填We should be thankful to everyone who helps us.
5．（2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模）你能告诉我去历史博物馆的路吗？
【答案】Could you tell me the way to the history museum
【详解】你能告诉我……？Could you tell me...；去……的路the way to；历史博物馆the history museum。故填Could you tell me the way to the history museum
6．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）令他感到惊讶的是，如此多的人对科幻小说感兴趣。
【答案】To his surprise, so many people are interested in science fiction.
【详解】根据中文提示可知，本句为一般现在时。令他感到惊讶的是：to his surprise；如此多的人：so many people；对……感兴趣：be interested in；科幻小说：science fiction。故填To his surprise, so many people are interested in science fiction.
7．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）据说这家餐馆已经开业半年了。
【答案】It’s said that the restaurant has been open for half a year.
【详解】It’s said that“据说”；restaurant“餐馆”；be open“开业”，表示状态；for half a year“半年了”。和一段时间连用，应用现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填It’s said that the restaurant has been open for half a year.
8．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）飞机将在10分钟之后起飞。
【答案】The plane will take off in 10 minutes.
【详解】plane“飞机”，此处表示特指；take off“起飞”；in 10 minutes“十分钟后”。根据语境可知本句是一般将来时，用结构will do。故填The plane will take off in 10 minutes.
9．（2023·山东威海·统考一模）他不知道他哥哥有没有把那本杂志还给图书馆。(汉译英)
【答案】He doesn’t know if his brother has returned the magazine to the library yet.
【详解】他：he；知道：know；他哥哥：his brother；那本杂志：the magazine；归还：return…to…；图书馆：the library；句子是if”是否”引导的宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句用现在完成时。故填He doesn’t know if his brother has returned the magazine to the library yet.
10．（2023·山东威海·统考一模）我太害怕了，一动也不敢动。（汉译英）
【答案】I was so scared that I couldn’t move.
【详解】“我太害怕了”用“主系表”结构，主语用主格I“我”，系动词为be，形容词scared“害怕的”作表语；情态动词can’t“不能”后接动词原形move“移动”；两个句子用so...that...“如此……以至于……”连接，引导结果状语从句。根据语境可知，此题为一般过去时，主句be动词用was，从句can’t应用过去式couldn’t。故填I was so scared that I couldn’t move.
二、英译汉
11．（2023·山东滨州·统考三模）ChatGPT (人工智能聊天机器人) has been very popular all over the world in the past months.
【答案】在过去的几个月里，人工智能聊天机器人在世界各地非常流行。
【详解】has been very popular“非常流行”；all over the world“在世界各地”；in the past months“在过去的几个月里”。故填：在过去的几个月里，人工智能聊天机器人在世界各地非常流行。
12．（2023·山东滨州·统考三模）Speaking English as much as possible is the key to learning English well.
【答案】尽可能多地说英语是学好英语的关键。
【详解】speaking English“说英语”，as much as possible“尽可能多的”，is“是”，the key to doing sth“做某事的关键”，learn English well“学好英语”，故填：尽可能多地说英语是学好英语的关键。
13．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）All of us should know that talent without working hard is nothing.
【答案】我们所有人都应该知道，没有努力的天赋什么也不是。
【详解】All of us：我们所有人；should know that：都应该知道；talent without working hard：没有努力的天赋；is nothing：什么也不是。故填：我们所有人都应该知道，没有努力的天赋什么也不是。
14．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）The most valuable thing is health, rather than money.
【答案】最有价值的东西是健康，而不是金钱。
【详解】the most valuable“最有价值的”，最高级修饰名词thing“事情，东西”，health“健康”，rather than“而不是”，money“钱”。故填：最有价值的东西是健康，而不是金钱。
15．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Try and then you can make up for the mistakes that you once made.
【答案】努力，你就能弥补曾经犯过的错误。
【详解】结合题干可知，此句的句式为“祈使句+and+陈述句”，表示“……，那么……（即陈述句所表示的内容为前面祈使句内容的结果）”。Try“努力”；and then“然后”；you“你”；can make up for“能弥补”；the mistakes that you once made“曾经犯过的错”。故填：努力，你就能弥补曾经犯过的错误。
16．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Our country’s great achievements are from the hard work of our Party and our people.
【答案】我国的伟大成就来自于党和人民的艰苦奋斗。
【详解】Our country’s great achievements“我国的伟大成就”；are from“来自于”；the hard work of our Party and our people“党和人民的艰苦奋斗”。故填：我国的伟大成就来自于党和人民的艰苦奋斗。
17．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Once you make promises to others you should try your best to keep them.
【答案】你一旦对别人许下诺言，就要尽力信守承诺。
【详解】分析句子可知，该句含有once引导的条件状语从句，翻译为“一旦”。you翻译为“你”；make promises to others翻译为“对别人许下诺言”；should翻译为“要”；try your best to翻译为“尽力”；keep them翻译为“信守它们”，them指代promises“承诺”。故填“你一旦对别人许下诺言，就要尽力信守承诺。”
18．（2023·山东滨州·统考二模）Don’t lie in bed all day. You are supposed to do more exercise in order to keep healthy.
【答案】不要整天躺在床上。你应该多锻炼以保持健康。
【详解】分析句子可知，第一句为祈使句的否定形式，翻译为“不要……”；lie in bed翻译为“躺在床上”；all day翻译为“整天”；第二名为陈述句，You翻译为“你”；are supposed to翻译为“应该”；do more exercise翻译为“多锻炼”；in order to keep healthy翻译为“以保持健康”。故填：不要整天躺在床上。你应该多锻炼以保持健康。
19．（2023·山东滨州·统考一模）Qingming is not only one of China’s 24 solar terms, but also a moment for Chinese people to honor lost family members.
【答案】清明节不仅是中国的二十四节气之一，也是中国人缅怀逝去亲人的日子。
【详解】Qingming“清明节”；not only...but also“不仅……而且……”；one of+名词复数“……之一”；China’s 24 solar terms“中国的二十四节气”；a moment“时刻，日子”；for“对于”；Chinese people“中国人”；to honor lost family members“缅怀逝去亲人”。故填：清明节不仅是中国的二十四节气之一，也是中国人缅怀逝去亲人的日子。
20．（2023·山东滨州·统考一模）An hour in the morning is worth two hours in the evening.
【答案】一日之计在于晨。
【详解】An hour in the morning早晨的一小时；is worth two hours in the evening价值晚上的2个小时。换言之，早上时间比较重要，即所谓的“一日之计在于晨。”。故填：一日之计在于晨。
三、语篇翻译
（2023·湖南湘西·统考三模）阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
Little Women is set (以……为背景) in New England in the United States during the American Civil War (1861-1865). The story follows the lives of the four March sisters: Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy. The author is Louisa May Alcott. 1.The book is based on the author’s own experiences of growing up with her three sisters.
2.这个故事的主题（theme）是关于家庭的重要性。 Other themes include the need to work and self-improvement for women.
When the story begins, 3.the sisters are complaining because they are poor and have to work. Their mother says that they mustn’t spend money on pleasure because there is a war and everybody must help. Their father is in the army. Their father writes letter to his family. In the letter he tell his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time. 4. 她们必须尝试接受生命中的不幸并保持乐观。 He wants to be proud of them when he comes home. The girls decide to make an effort to improve themselves because they love and miss their father very much.
Alcott was interested in women’s rights. 5.Through the four March sisters, she explores different ways of being a woman in those days. Meg leaves the family to get married and have a new family. Beth devotes (奉献) herself to looking after her own family. Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure. And Jo, like Alcott herself, tries to have a career (事业) in writing and care for her family at the same time.
21．
22．
23．
24．
25．
【答案】21．这本书是以作者与她的三个姐妹亲身的成长经历为依据著作的。 22．The main theme in the story is the importance of family. 23．四姐妹/姐妹们正在抱怨因为她们贫穷而不得不去工作。 24．They must try to accept the bad things in their lives and stay/keep cheerful. 25．通过马奇家四姐妹的成长经历，她探索了那个时代妇女的不同生活方式。
【导语】本文主要讲述了《小妇人》的创作背景和主题。
21．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。The book：书；is based on以……为基础；the author’s own experiences of growing up ：作者自己的成长经历；with her three sisters：和她的三个姐姐。故答案为：这本书是以作者与她的三个姐妹亲身的成长经历为依据著作的。
22．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。这个故事的主题：The main theme in the story；是：is；关于家庭的重要性：the importance of family，故答案为：The main theme in the story is the importance of family.
23．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。the sisters：四姐妹/姐妹们；are complaining：正在抱怨；because they are poor and have to work：因为她们贫穷而不得不去工作。故答案为：四姐妹/姐妹们正在抱怨因为她们贫穷而不得不去工作。
24．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。她们：They；必须：must；尝试接受生命中的不幸：try to accept the bad things in their lives；并且：and；保持乐观：stay/keep cheerful，故答案为：They must try to accept the bad things in their lives and stay/keep cheerful.
25．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。Through the four March sisters：通过马奇家四姐妹的成长经历；she：她；explores different ways of being a woman：探索妇女的不同生活方式；in those days：那个时代，故答案为：通过马奇家四姐妹的成长经历，她探索了那个时代妇女的不同生活方式。
（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
It is not possible to tell the importance of forests in just a few words. Forests influence our daily lives in so many ways, even in the center of a busy noisy city.
Forest products are used in our daily lives. 1. Almost every activity has something to do with forests. Some are easy to point out, and others are hard to say. They can not only help make our lives more convenient, but also make our Earth more beautiful and comfortable.
Forests help protect the sea, and the earth is in good health because of them. Over the past 50 years, about half the world’s forests have been lost.2. The most important reason for that is polluting the environment and cutting down trees.
As this goes on, it’ll be harder and harder for us to survive on the Earth.
26．
27．
【答案】26．几乎每个活动 (都) 和森林有关。 27．(过去五十年里) 大约一半的世界森林失去的最重要的原因是污染环境和砍伐树木。
【导语】本文主要介绍了森林的重要性。
26．Almost几乎；every activity每个活动；has something to do with和……有关系；forests森林。故填：几乎每个活动 (都) 和森林有关。
27．The most important reason最重要的原因；that指代“(过去五十年里) 失去了大约一半的世界森林”；polluting the environment and cutting down trees污染环境和砍树。故填：(过去五十年里) 大约一半的世界森林失去的最重要的原因是污染环境和砍伐树木。
（2023·湖南株洲·统考一模）根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
1. Every one of us, rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends. Your friends will listen to you when you speak, will take care of you when you are sick, and will be with you in your journey through life.
2. 每个人都需要朋友。Friendship can make us happier. How can we find a good friend and get on well with each other Here is some advice.
★3.Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with.
★You should make friends with a person who has something in common with you.
★Give your friend a hand when he or she is in trouble. Friends should always be ready to help each other.
★Believe in each other. 4 .这是友谊中最重要的事情。
★Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes. 5. If this happens don’t let your quarrel last too long. Try to make up with your friends soon.
Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life. It is like a bottle of wine. The longer it is kept, the better it will be.
28．
29．
30．
31．
32．
【答案】28．我们每个人，无论贫富，至少应该有一两个好朋友。 29．Everyone needs friends. 30．和一个容易相处的人交朋友。 31．This is the most important thing in a friendship. 32．如果发生这种情况，不要让你们的争吵持续太久。
【导语】本文主要介绍了找到一个好朋友并且和朋友友好相处的一些建议。
28．Every one of us“我们每个人”；rich or poor“无论贫富”；should“应该”；at least“至少”；have one or two good friends“有一两个好朋友”。故填：我们每个人，无论贫富，至少应该有一两个好朋友。
29．everyone“每个人”；need“需要”，主语是不定代词，动词用三单形式；friend“朋友”，可数名词，此处应用复数表示泛指。故填Everyone needs friends.
30．Make friends with a person“和一个人交朋友”；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词person；is easy to get along with“容易相处的”。故填：和一个容易相处的人交朋友。
31．this is“这是”；the most important thing“最重要的事情”；in a friendship“友谊中”。故填This is the most important thing in a friendship.
32．If“如果”；this happens“发生这种情况”；don’t“不要”；let your quarrel last too long“让你们的争吵持续太久”。故填：如果发生这种情况，不要让你们的争吵持续太久。
（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Maybe you are a common student. You probably think you will never be a top student. 1.However, anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how:
Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, and so on. Then decide a good, regular time for studying. And the time for rest. A weekly schedule can make you realize what is happening to your time.
2.找一个好地方学习。Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room. No games, radios, or television! 3.When you sit down to study, you should pay attention on the study.
Make good use of your time in class. Listen to everything the teachers say carefully. 4.Really listening in class means less work after class. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Review the important points that your teacher taught in class. Review the knowledge can make you remember it longer.
Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you learn about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. 5.世界不会因为你考试不及格而灭亡，所以不用太担心。
33．
34．
35．
36．
37．
【答案】33．然而，任何人都可以成为更好的学生，如果他或她想的话。 34．Find a good place to study. 35．当你坐下来学习时，你应该把注意力集中在学习上。 36．真正做到上课认真听讲，意味着课后作业少。 37．The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be too worried.
【导语】本文主要讲述了几条成为学霸的建议。
33．分析句子可知，句子是if引导的条件状语从句，however意为“然而”；anyone意为“任何人”，作主语；can become意为“可以成为”；a better student意为“一名更好的学生”，作宾语；if表示“如果”；he or she wants to表示“他/她想要”。故填：然而，任何人都可以成为更好的学生，如果他或她想的话。
34．分析句子可知，句子是一个祈使句，找到：find，放在开头，首字母大写；一个好的地方：a good place；学习：study，动词前加介词to表示目的。故填Find a good place to study.
35．分析句子可知，句子是when引导的时间状语从句，when意为“当……时候”；sit down意为“坐下”；study意为“学习”；should意为“应该”；pay attention on“集中注意于”。故填：当你坐下来学习时，你应该把注意力集中在学习上。
36．分析句子可知，really意为“真正地”；listening意为“听讲”；means意为“意味着”；less work意为“更少的工作”；after class意为“课后”。故填：真正做到上课认真听讲，意味着课后作业少。
37．分析句子可知，句子是if引导的条件状语从句，句子遵循主将从现原则；The world“世界”；won’t end“不会灭亡”；don’t pass a test“考试不及格”；so“所以”；don’t be too worried“不用太担心”。故填The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be too worried.
（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Fujian Tulou is a kind of house in the mountain areas of Fujian Province. It is known as the Ancient Oriental (东方的) Castle. Forty-six Fujian Tulou places were added to the World Heritage List (世界文化遗产名录) in 2008.
Fujian Tulou is usually a large, enclosed earthen building with thick earth walls. 1. 尽管它们相互看起来都很相似，但每一栋都是特别的。Most of the buildings, usually three to four floors, are like a circle, but some are like a rectangle (矩形). 2. The design of Tulou follows the traditional Chinese house idea of “closed outside and open inside”. Jiqing Building, built in 1419, is the oldest circular Tulou in Yongding District, Longyan, Fujian. Hegui Building in Nanjing county is the tallest rectangular Tulou in the province. It is 21.5 meters high.
Tulou was a great place for people there to protect themselves. While Tulou means “earthen buildings” in Chinese, the buildings were made of far more than just mud. People used local river stones, bamboo, sand and lime (石灰) to build them, as well. 3. In ancient times, the buildings also included strong gates, water wells and tunnels (地道) for running away.
Tulou is like a village. The families who live there have their own rooms. 4. 在节日或一些重要的日子里，他们经常在院子里聚会。People who live in Tulou are mostly Hakka (客家人). And Tulou can be seen in many places. 5. Besides Fujian Province, the buildings are also seen in Guangdong Province and Jiangxi Province. While the buildings are now open to tourists, there are still people living in them.
38．
39．
40．
41．
42．
【答案】38．Although they look similar to each other, each building/Tulou is special. 39．土楼的设计遵循了中国传统的“外封闭内开放”的理念。 40．在古代，这些建筑还包括了坚固的大门、水井和用来逃跑的地道。 41．On festivals or some important days they often get together in the yard. 42．除了在福建省，在广东省和江西省也能见到这些建筑。
【导语】本文主要介绍了福建土楼。
38．“尽管”although，引导让步状语从句；“它们”they，作从句主语；“相互”each other；“看起来都很相似”look similar to；“每一栋”each building/Tulou；“都是特别的”is special。故填Although they look similar to each other, each building/Tulou is special.
39．The design of Tulou“土楼的设计”；follows“遵循”；the traditional Chinese house idea of“中国传统的……理念”；closed outside and open inside“外封闭内开发”。故填“土楼的设计遵循了中国传统的‘外封闭内开放’的理念。”
40．In ancient times“在古代”；the buildings“这些建筑”；also“也，还”；included“包括”；strong gates“坚固的大门”；water wells“水井”；and“和”；tunnels for running away“用来逃跑的地道”。故填“在古代，这些建筑还包括了坚固的大门、水井和用来逃跑的地道。”
41．“在节日或一些重要的日子里”on festivals or some important days；“他们”they；“经常”oftern；“在院子里聚会”get together in the yard。故填On festivals or some important days they often get together in the yard.
42．Besides Fujian Province“除了福建省”；the buildings“这些建筑”；are also seen“也能被见到”；in Guangdong Province and Jiangxi Province“在广东省和江西省”。故填“除了在福建省，在广东省和江西省也能见到这些建筑。”
（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
“If he doesn’t call me, I’m going to die!” 1.那是一种十分正常的感觉。It means you are “in love”—kind of. It’s puppy love(早恋) not true love, yet.
2.Puppy love is common among students all over the world. In the West, people think puppy love is a healthy part of a teenager’s life. In China, parents and teachers think it’s a problem .
Puppy love is beautiful. It’s cool to love someone, or be loved by someone else instead of your mother or your dog. 3.它能使你成为一个更好的人。You will know how to use your love to help others.
If you find yourself “in love “it’s OK, but...wait! Now you have lots of important things to do. Think of these questions: Will you love him or her ten years later Do you have enough education to find a good job and live a happy life with the person you love in the future 4.What would you do if you found someone better than him or her I bet(打赌) you are not sure of these answers. Why Because you are too young to understand the true love.
5.True love will come when you grow up. Now, you should try to be the best person you can be, and do the very best you can. That means doing well at school and being a good son or daughter first.
43．
44．
45．
46．
47．
【答案】43．That’s a pretty normal feeling. 44．早恋在全世界的学生中是很常见的。 45．It can make you a better person. 46．如果你发现比他或者她更好的人，你将会做什么？ 47．当你长大以后，真爱将会来临。
【导语】本文介绍了中西方国家对待学生早恋的不同的态度。中国家长和老师认为早恋有害，让学生学习分心；而西方国家认为没有什么坏处，还会帮助学生以后去面对真正的感情。本文最后还告诉学生要避免早恋，毕竞是不成熟的。
43．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。“那是”That’s； “一种”a；“十分”pretty；“正常的”normal；“感觉”feeling。故填That’s a pretty normal feeling.
44．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。Puppy love“早恋”；among students all over the world“在全世界的学生中”；is“是”；common“常见的”。故填：早恋在全世界的学生中是很常见的。
45．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。“它”It；“能”can；“使你成为一个更好的人”make you a better person。故填It can make you a better person.
46．分析句子可知，本句是疑问句。if“如果”；you“你”；found“发现”；someone better than him or her“比他或者她更好的人”；would“将会”；do“做”；What“什么”。故填：如果你发现比他或者她更好的人，你将会做什么？
47．分析句子可知，本句是陈述句。True love“真爱”；will“将会”；come“来临”；when you grow up“当你长大以后”。故填：当你长大以后，真爱将会来临。
（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，将文中画线部分译成汉语或英语。
How do you get to school 71. Do you walk to school or ride a bike Do you go by bus or by train 72.对许多学生来说，去学校很容易。But for the students in one small village in China, it’s difficult. 73. There is a very big river between their school and the village. There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats. So these students go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.
One 11-year-old boy, Liangliang, crosses the river every school day. But he is not afraid because he loves school. “74.我喜欢和我同学一起玩。And I love my teacher. He is like a father to me.”
Many of the students and villagers never leave the village. It is their dream to have a bridge. 75. I’m sure their dream can come true.
48．
49．
50．
51．
52．
【答案】48．你是步行上学还是骑自行车？ 49．For many students, it’s easy to get to school. 50．他们的学校和村庄之间有一条非常大的河流。 51．I like playing with my classmates. 52．我相信他们的梦想会成真。
【导语】本文介绍了许多学生上学很容易，但也有一些贫困地区的孩子上学艰难。
48．you你；walk to school走路去学校；or或者；ride a bike骑自行车。故填：你是步行上学还是骑自行车？
49．做某事对某人来说是……的：it is adj. for sb. to do sth.；容易的：easy；许多学生：many students；去学校：get to school。故填For many students, it’s easy to get to school.
50．There is有；a very big river一条非常大的河流；between their school and the village在他们学校和乡村之间。故填：他们的学校和村庄之间有一条非常大的河流。
51．句子用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形like；喜欢做某事：like doing sth.；和某人一起玩：play with sb.；我同学：my classmates。故填I like playing with my classmates.
52．I’m sure我确信；their dream他们的梦想；can可以；come true实现。故填：我相信他们的梦想会成真。
（2023·湖南湘潭·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Good afternoon, everyone. It’s my honor to be the first speaker. I’m Michelle from the pros (正方). 1. We agree that kids should share chores at home. And we have the following reasons.
To begin with, kids need to know it is their duty to do chores. 2.他们与父母生活在一起。They should know that if they want to have a clean and comfortable home, everyone should do their part. 3. For example. kids can do the dishes or clean the rooms. Sharing housework also helps them to understand the idea of fairness.
Then, doing chores together helps bring the family closer. When kids help mom fold the clothes, they can have lovely chats about what has happened during the day. 4 It’s helpful for kids to relax. Besides, just as the saying goes “Many hands make easy work.”, the chores will be finished more easily if everyone does something.
Lastly, doing chores helps the kids to grow. 5.它教会孩子们照顾自己 and helps develop their independence. So the earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
Thank you!
53．
54．
55．
56．
57．
【答案】53．我们同意孩子们应该在家里分担家务。 54．They live with their parents. 55．例如，孩子们可以洗碗或打扫房间。
56．这对孩子们放松是有帮助的。 57．It teaches children to take care of themselves.
【导语】本文主要介绍了孩子在家分担家务的好处。
53．we我们；agree同意；kids孩子们；should应该；share chores分担家务；at home在家。故填：我们同意孩子们应该在家里分担家务。
54．句子用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用原形；和……生活在一起：live with sb.；他们的父母：their parents。故填They live with their parents.
55．For example例如；kids孩子们；can可以；do the dishes洗碗；or或者；clean the rooms打扫房间。故填：例如，孩子们可以洗碗或打扫房间。
56．helpful有帮助的；for对于；kids孩子们；relax放松。故填：这对孩子们放松是有帮助的。
57．句子用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用单三teaches“教”；教某人做某事：teach sb. to do sth.；孩子们：children；照顾他们自己：take care of themselves。故填It teaches children to take care of themselves.
（2023·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
We spend about one-third of our lives asleep. Sleep is important to us. A good sleep gives us energy and makes us feel happier. If you need some good sleep, you can try the new bus service in Hong Kong. Hong Kong has opened a “Sleeping Bus Tour”. 1. The five-hour ride is for people who can’t sleep well at night. Passengers can get eye masks, ear plugs (耳塞) and so on for better sleep.
Why do buses make people sleepy Buses are a perfect environment that produces white noise. Buses get crowded with people going to and from work every day. Carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) increases when there are lots of people in a small place. When you were a baby, you were rocked (摇晃) to sleep. Sitting on a bus gives people similar experiences. Their rocking movements make people want to close their eyes. 2. You may find it easy to fall asleep during the long bus trip.
58．
59．
【答案】58．这五个小时的旅程是为了晚上睡眠不好的人们设计的。 59．你也许发现在这样的长途公交车旅行中入睡是容易的。
【导语】本文主要讲了每个人都需要好的睡眠，介绍了一种帮助人们睡眠的公共汽车，并给出了公共汽车使人感到困倦的原因。
58．The five-hour ride“这五个小时的旅程”；is for“是为了”；people who can’t sleep well at night“晚上睡眠不好的人们”。故填“这五个小时的旅程是为了晚上睡眠不好的人们设计的。”
59．You“你”；may“也许，可能”；find it easy to fall asleep“发现入睡是容易的”；during the long bus trip“在这样的长途公交车旅行中”。故填“你也许发现在这样的长途公交车旅行中入睡是容易的。”
（2023·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将文中画线的句子译成汉语或英语。
What do you like to do in your free time 1. Different people have different answers. For the 3-grader Chen Yunxi, it’s rock climbing.
Chen is from Shenzhen. She is tall and thin, and has long black hair. 2. 像许多其他女孩一样，她最喜欢的颜色是粉色。But her hobby is very different—it’s rock climbing.
3. She started rock climbing when she was only four years old. She loves it so much that she trains very hard. Last November, 8-year-old Chen successfully finished the wild rock climbing route “CHINA CLIMB” in Yangshuo, Guangxi. That makes her the youngest climber in China to finish the 5.14A level climbing route.
4. 她有一个梦想。She wants to take part in the Olympics. She thinks that the happiest thing in the world is just to fight for her dream. 5. She says she will train hard to make her dream come true.
60．
61．
62．
63．
64．
【答案】60．不同的人有不同的答案。 61．Like many other girls, her favorite color is pink. 62．她四岁时就开始攀岩了。 63．She has a dream. 64．她说，她将努力训练，使她的梦想成真。
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍Chen Yunxi的梦想。
60．Different people不同的人，have有，different answers不同的答案。故填：不同的人有不同的答案。
61．像许多其他女孩一样like many other girls，她最喜欢的颜色her favorite color，是粉色is pink。故填Like many other girls, her favorite color is pink.
62．She她，started rock climbing开始攀岩，when she was only four years old当她四岁时。故填：她四岁时就开始攀岩了。
63．她she，有一个梦想has a dream。故填She has a dream.
64．She says她说，she will train hard她将努力训练，to make her dream come true使她的梦想成真。故填：她说，她将努力训练，使她的梦想成真。
（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。
A good memory has to do with many things, such as focus and interest. You might have a fantastic memory for sporting numbers but no head for math. 1. This happens because you love sports and hate math.
Learning needs attention. You need 8 seconds to understand a piece of information and keep it in the memory, so try to focus on one thing when you want to remember it. 2. The best time for learning is the early morning. This is the time when our brains are the most active. We take in and work out information quickly at that time.
65．
66．
【答案】65．发生这种情况是因为你喜欢运动而讨厌数学。 66．学习的最佳时间是清晨。
【导语】本文主要介绍了好的记忆都与哪些因素相关以及学习的方法和最佳时间。
65．This happens“发生这种情况”；because“因为”；you love sports“你喜欢运动”；hate math“讨厌数学”，故填：发生这种情况是因为你喜欢运动而讨厌数学。
66．The best time for learning“学习的最佳时间”；the early morning“清晨”，故填：学习的最佳时间是清晨。
（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
If you are an animal-lover, and you’d like to work with animals, you can choose one of the following jobs as you like.
First, working as an animal behaviour（行为）scientist is interesting. The work is to watch animals carefully and understand how animals live as a group. 1. You can learn about their problems and protect them. Second, you can be a zoo vet（兽医）. You might work with birds, fish or even a lion! As a zoo vet, you know the animals well and see them right now if they are sick. 2. Sometimes, you tell stories about animals to people who visit the zoo. Third, an animal nutritionist（营养师）can make the right food for the animals.
There are many other jobs working with animals. Just find something right for you.
67．
68．
【答案】67．你可以了解它们的问题并保护它们。 68．有时，你会给参观动物园的人讲动物的故事。
【导语】本文主要给喜爱动物的人们介绍了一些与动物相关的工作。
67．分析句子可知，该句为陈述句。You can翻译为“你可以”；learn about their problems翻译为“了解它们的问题”；and翻译为“并”；protect them翻译为“保护它们”。故填“你可以了解它们的问题并保护它们。”
68．分析句子可知，该句为含有who引导的限制性定语从句的复合句，翻译为“……的人”。Sometimes翻译为“有时”；you翻译为“你”；tell stories about animals to翻译为“给……讲动物的故事”，people who visit the zoo翻译为“参观动物园的人”。故填“有时，你会给参观动物园的人讲动物的故事。”
（2023·辽宁·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
Happy birthday! You have grown a little more. Everybody has a birthday party every year. But what about trees Trees don’t have birthday parties. They have rings (年轮). How can we know a tree’s age 1. We can count its rings. The rings are inside the trunk (树干). A ring has a light part and a dark part. The light parts show winter and spring. The dark parts show summer and autumn. Each tree ring means one year. So an old tree has many rings. 2. If you want to see the rings inside a tree, you need to cut it down. But no one wants to do that.
69．
70．
【答案】69．我们可以数（这棵）树的年轮。 70．如果你想看（一棵）树里面的年轮，（那么）你需要把它砍倒。
【导语】本文主要介绍了树木的年轮。
69．we“我们”；can“能够，可以”；count“数”；its“它的”，指代“（这棵）树的”；rings“年轮”。故填：我们可以数（这棵）树的年轮。
70．if“如果”；you“你”；want to see“想看”；the rings inside a tree“（一棵）树里面的年轮”；you need to cut it down“你需要把它砍倒”。故填：如果你想看（一棵）树里面的年轮，（那么）你需要把它砍倒。

展开更多......

收起↑