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2024 年中考模拟试卷（一）
英语
一、听力理解（20 小题，每小题1分，共20分）
第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。
1. How does the man feel 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Nervous. B. Tired. C. Afraid.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Harry, be quick. We still need to walk about four kilometers.
M: Oh, it is a long way to go. I can’t walk any further.
2. How many English students are there in Mr. Yang’s class 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Forty-three. B. Forty-five. C. Fifty.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Mr. Yang. Are there fifty students in your class
M: No, there are forty-five students in my class. They are all English except Lucy and Lily.
3. What did the man’s brother use to do 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. A fireman. B. A postman. C. A policeman.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: My brother is a postman. What does your brother do
M: He used to be a policeman. He always wants to be a teacher. But now he works as a fireman.
4. How old is the girl 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. 4. B. 11. C. 15.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello! I’ve just come here to see if my brother and I can join your club.
M: How old is your brother
W: He is 11 and I’m 4 years older than him.
5. Where will the man go on May Day 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. To Macao. B. To Beijing. C. To Hong Kong.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you have a plan for May Day
M: Yes. I planned to go to Macao, but my wife would like to go to Beijing. Finally, I agreed to her choice. How about you
W: I’ve decided to fly to China’s Hong Kong. I’m mainly going to see my uncle.
第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答两个小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What color of shoes does the woman like
A. Black. B. Brown. C. Red.
7. What size of shoes does the woman take
A. Size 34. B. Size 36. C. Size 39.
【答案】6. A7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: What do you think of this pair of shoes, Miss
W: The size is 36, right It fits me. But I don’t like brown. Do you have black ones
M: Sorry, Miss. The shoes are on sale. We only have black ones of size 34 and 39. What about red ones
W: No, thanks. I’ll take this brown pair.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the man drink
A. Water. B. Juice. C. Wine.
9. What food does the man order
A. One hamburger and some cakes.
B. Two hamburgers and some cakes.
C. Two hamburgers and some bread.
【答案】8. A9. B
【解析】
W: Good evening! A table for two
M: Yes. We’d like to sit near the window in the non-smoking area.
W: Sorry. There are no seats left near the window. There’s only one table near the hallway in the non-smoking area. Is that OK
M: All right.
W: This way, please. May I take your order
M: Yes, please. I’d like two hamburgers.
W: What would you like to drink Wine or juice
M: Neither. Water is OK.
W: Would you like some dessert
M: Good idea. Give us some cakes.
W: All right. Anything else
M: That’s all.
W: OK. Please wait a moment. Your order will be ready in ten minutes.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Who sent George to work when he was eight years old
A. His teacher. B. His uncle. C. His father.
11. Where were the adult classes
A. Near his home. B. In another city. C. Far from his home.
12. What is the main idea of this story
A. Life is so good. B. Reading is important. C. Never too late to learn
【答案】10. C11. A12. C
【解析】
George Dawson wrote a book called Life Is So Good. The book is full of stories from George’s life. George wrote it in 1998 when he was 100 years old. The most amazing part is that George learnt to read just two years before he wrote the book.
When George was eight, his father sent him to work. Life was hard for the poor American family. Food became more important than school.
When George was 98, he heard about adult classes near his home. He still had a dream that he would learn to read. He went to class. His teacher helped him. And in two years he wrote his book.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Whom did Wang Qiang go to the concert with
A. His friends. B. His children. C. His parents.
14. Why was the concert held
A. To sing for children.
B. To collect food for children.
C. To raise money for poor children.
15. What does the woman think of the problem
A. Children should make a living by themselves.
B. Famous singers should not help poor children.
C. Governments should do something for poor children.
【答案】13. A14. C15. C
【解析】
W: Hi, Wang Qiang! You went to the concert last night, didn’t you
M: Yes, I went with my friends.
W: How did you like the concert
M: Excellent! Many famous singers were at the concert.
W: That sounds great!
M: The concert was held for collecting money for poor children all over the country, Many children don’t have enough food and can’t go to school.
W: That’s quite true, but I think it is more necessary for governments to do something about the problem.
M: I agree with you, but it’s important to make all people pay attention to it.
W: That’s right.
16. 听下面一篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两遍。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. B. C. D. E.
1. ________2. ________3. ________4. ________5. ________
【答案】16. C17. B
18. A19. E
20. D
【解析】
【原文】My free time is very exciting because I have a lot of interesting things to do. I like singing and listening to pop music very much. I can do many things while listening to music. I also like reading. I often go to bookstores and buy my favorite books. Another thing I like to do is getting online. I often read the news and jokes on the Internet. I find it a good way to relax. At the weekend, I often ride a bike for a trip in the countryside with my friends. I’m happy to see lots of plants and animals there. Sometimes I go fishing in the lake near my home. I catch some fish each time and my mother cooks it for me. I enjoy eating the delicious fish.
二、阅读理解（20 小题，每小题2分，共40分）
阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。
A
Notification (告知书) Dear parents, Next Thursday, June 1st, we’ll go on a trip to the Fun Times Zoo. We’ll meet at the school gate at 8:00 am, and then take the school bus to the zoo. At the zoo, students will watch a short film about different animals. Then students will be divided into groups of 5-7 to watch all kinds of animals. Each group will be given a piece of paper with some questions to fill out while watching. Please prepare the following things for your child: ◆$20 (the ticket) ◆Lunch and water ◆A pen (for filling out the paper with the questions) Please sign at the bottom of this page and must return it before Monday, May 29th. Without this note, your child won’t be allowed to attend the trip. Yours, Miss Green
Timetable8:00 amMeet at the school gate8:15 am~8:30 amTake the school bus to the zoo8:40 am~11:40 amDo activities at the zoo12:00 pm~12:30 pmHave lunch12:40 pm~12:55 pmTake the school bus back to school
**Cut Here** I give my permission (允许) for ________ to attend the trip. Parent signature (签字): ________ Tel: 347-451-8686 Date: May 28th, 2023
17. It will take students ________ to get to the zoo from the school.
A. ten minutes B. fifteen minutes C. twenty minutes D. half an hour
18. Each group needs to ________ while watching the animals.
A. see a short film B. fill out the paper with questions
C. have lunch together D. fill out the notification
19. If Mrs Brown’s daughter and twin sons go to the zoo, she’ll pay ________ for the tickets.
A. $20 B. $40 C. $60 D. $80
20. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The activities at the zoo will last for three hours.
B. Students can return the note on May 30th.
C. Students can get free lunch offered by Miss Green.
D. Students can attend the trip without the note.
21. If you want to get more information about the trip, you can ________.
A. send an email B. write a letter C. visit the website D. make a telephone call
【答案】17. B18. B19. C20. A21. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是学校给家长的告知书，介绍了学校旅行的相关信息。
【17题】
细节理解题。根据“8:15 am~8:30 am Take the school bus to the zoo”可知从学校到公园需要15分钟。故选B。
【18题】
细节理解题。根据“Each group will be given a piece of paper with some questions to fill out while watching.”可知每个小组将得到一张纸，上面有一些问题需要在观看时填写。故选B。
【19题】
细节理解题。根据“◆$20 (the ticket)”可知一个人需要20美元，所以一个女儿和两个双胞胎儿子需要60美元。故选C。
【20题】
细节理解题。根据“8:40 am~11:40 am Do activities at the zoo”可知从上午8点40到11点40是在动物园做活动，共三个小时。故选A。
【21题】
细节理解题。根据“Tel: 347-451-8686”可知如果想了解更多信息，可以打电话。故选D。
B
I had the meanest mother in the world. While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal (麦片) and eggs. When others had sugary drinks and candy for lunch, I had to eat a sandwich. But at least I wasn’t alone. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.
My mother knew where we were at all times. She knew who our friends were.
We had to wear clean clothes and take a bath every day. We had to be in bed by 9:00 p.m. and get up at 8:00 a.m. We couldn’t sleep till noon like our friends. So while they slept, my mother gave us work to do. We had to wash dishes, make our beds and learn to cook. I believed she lay awake at night thinking up mean things to do to us.
Through the years, things didn’t improve a bit. We could not lie in bed “sick” like our friends did in order to miss school.
My mother was the meanest mother. Out of four children, a couple of us went on to higher education. None of us have ever done bad things. She forced us to grow up into educated and honest people. Now I’m trying to raise my children like this, too. I will feel proud when my children call me mean, because, you see, I am thankful that I had the meanest mother in the whole world.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
22. According to the passage, how many children are there in the writer’s family
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
23When did the writer go to bed and get up every day
A. 8:00 p.m.; 9:00 a.m. B. 9:00 p.m.; 9:00 a.m. C. 9:00 p.m.; 8:00 a.m. D. 9:00 p.m.; 6:00 a.m.
24. The mother might NOT force her children to ________.
A. wash dishes B. eat freely C. make their beds D. learn to cook
25. The underlined word “meanest” can be replaced by ________.
A. strictest B. most unfriendly C. most impolite D. strongest
26. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. The kind mother. B. The meanest mother.
C. The failure mother. D. The successful mother.
【答案】22. D23. C24. B25. A26. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者的母亲对他们很刻薄，让他们做很多事情。其实，她是在使他们 长成为受教育而且诚实的人。 当作者成为母亲时，她同样刻薄地对她的孩子。现在作者很 感激有一个世界上最刻薄的母亲。
【22题】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But at least I wasn’t alone. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did. ”可知，作者的家里有四个孩子。故选D。
【23题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We had to be in bed by 9:00 p.m. and up at 8:00 a.m. ”可知，作者不得不在晚上九点睡觉，早上八点起床。故选C。
【24题】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We had to wash dishes, make our beds and learn to cook.”可知，作者的妈妈要他们必须洗餐具、铺床、学做饭，而没有提到强迫他们自由进食。故选B。
【25题】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal (麦片) and eggs. When others had sugary drinks and candy for lunch, I had to eat a sandwich. ”可知，当其他孩子早餐吃糖果的时候，作者不得不吃麦片和鸡蛋。 当其他人午饭吃糖果、喝甜饮料的时候，作者不得不吃三明治。据此可判断，作者的妈妈非常严厉，因此猜测画线单词 meanest 的含义为“严厉的”，所以strictest符合题意。故选A。
【26题】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了母亲对作者和孩子们很刻薄，让他们做很多事情。其实，她是在使他们长成为受教育而且诚实的人。 当作者成为母亲时，她同样刻薄地对她的孩子。现在作者很感激有一个世界上最刻薄的母亲。 由此可知，主旨大意可概括为“The meanest mother”。故选B。
C
If music makes you smart and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a person who is better at learning and understanding.
A team of scientists from a university did tests on 33 volunteers. They found that people who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons did much better in language ability test than without music.
The volunteers said they felt better after exercising with or without the music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to the music during exercise. “Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system (神经系统) and have a direct result on learning ability,” said the scientist Charles Emery. Scientists have found that music can be good for health and education. It helps relieve stress, sadness and nervousness, encourages relaxation or sleep, wakes up the body and improves memory and thoughts.
Scientists have been using Mozart’s music, especially his violin pieces, to help children with speech disabilities. Mozart is often chosen because his music is not over-exciting. A study showed students who often exercise to Mozart’s music get higher marks in tests. With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.
27. What does the underlined word “relieve” mean
A. Add. B. Rise. C. Reduce. D. Remind.
28. How many great musicians are mentioned in the text
A. Two. B. There. C. Four. D. Thirty-three.
29. What does the last paragraph tell us
A. Students should not listen to music before exams.
B. Music may help students get higher grades in tests.
C. Children are supposed to follow their parents’ words.
D. There is no reason for children to argue with parents.
30. What can we know from the text
AMozart’s music is not exciting.
B. Music usually makes people sleep well.
C. Exercise may influence learning ability.
D. Volunteers felt worse after exercising without music.
31. Which is the best title for this text
A. Scientists suggest great music. B. Music and exercise lead to stress.
C. Exercising to music makes you smarter. D. Volunteers listened to Mozart’s violin pieces.
【答案】27. C28. A29. B30. C31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲锻炼时听音乐对人大脑思考有积极的作用。
【27题】
词意猜测题。根据“Scientists have found that music can be good for health and education. It helps relieve stress, sadness and nervousness, encourages relaxation or sleep, wakes up the body and improves memory and thoughts.”可知，科学家们发现音乐对健康和教育都有好处，它可以帮助减少压力，悲伤和紧张的情绪并增加放松或睡眠。唤醒身体并提高记忆力和思考力。故“relieve”与“encourages”意思相对，应是“减少”的意思，故选C。
【28题】
细节理解题。根据“Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons did much better in language ability test than without music.”及“Scientists have been using Mozart’s music”可知本文提及意大利音乐家Antonio Vivaldi及莫扎特两位，故选A。
【29题】
段落大意题。根据“A study showed students who often exercise to Mozart’s music get higher marks in tests.”可知，最后一段主要告诉我们，听音乐能够使学生考试获得更高的分数，故选B。
【30题】
细节理解题。根据“Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system (神经系统) and have a direct result on learning ability”可知锻炼对神经系统有积极的改变并对学习力有直接的影响，故C项表述正确。故选C。
【31题】
最佳标题题。本文主要讲锻炼时听音乐对人的大脑思考有积极的作用。故选C。
D
Are you scared of moving up to senior high school It can be a worrying experience, but you shouldn’t worry about it. ____32____
You’re not alone!____33____They may not realize it, but they’re just as nervous as you are. Moving up to senior high school is an opportunity (机会), not a problem. Things are different. ____34____
Teachers are ready to help! If you are unsure of what to do or worrying about anything, then ask teachers for help. Teachers are probably the best people to turn to as they’re experienced in helping new students. Some senior high schools also have a “friends system (系统)”. If your school has this, then you will be paired with an older student who will look out for you and help you.
Changes. There are many differences between junior high school and senior high school.
____35____ You’ll have a homework diary or a student planner. You will have your lessons with different teachers in different rooms. You will have homework for different subjects on different days. Make sure you have a copy of your school timetable so you know which rooms your classes will be in and on which days you will have your different subjects.
Other points. If you’ve got an older brother or sister at school, then ask him or her for advice. Be yourself! ____36____ Also you must go to bed early and get up early to get ready for school.
A. It sounds simple, but people will know you better and get close to you if you act naturally.
B. We’ve put together a guide on how to get through the first week.
C. All you need to do is be polite and learn the new rules.
D. So make sure you get organized.
E. Remember everybody in your class is in the same boat.
【答案】32. B33. E34. C35. D36. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了到高中如何度过第一个星期的建议。
【32题】
根据第一段的“ It can be a worrying experience, but you shouldn’t worry about it.”可知这可能是一种令人担忧的经历，但您不必担心，结合后文的建议以及选项，选项B“我们整理了一份关于如何度过第一周的指南”符合。故选B。
【33题】
根据“They may not realize it, but they’re just as nervous as you are.”可知他们可能没有意识到，但他们和你一样紧张，因此此处表示心态方面，选项E“请记住，您班上的每个人都在同一条船上”符合。故选E。
34题】
根据“Moving up to senior high school is an opportunity (机会), not a problem. Things are different.”可知升入高中是一个机会，而不是问题。事情是不同的，此处表示应该怎么做，选项C“您需要做的就是保持礼貌并学习新规则”符合。故选C。
【35题】
根据“You’ll have a homework diary or a student planner. ”可知您将拥有家庭作业日记或学生计划表，因此此处讲述计划和安排方面，选项D“因此，请确保您井井有条”符合。故选D。
【36题】
根据“Be yourself!”可知要做你自己，因此此处应表示做自己的原因，选项A“这听起来很简单，但如果你表现得自然，人们会更了解你并接近你”符合。故选A。
三、完形填空（本大题共15 小题，每小题1分，共15分）
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
One day a teacher went on a picnic with some of his students. While walking ____37____ reached a village. This village was very big. The teacher was tired and he was very ____38____, so he said to one of his students, “We will stay here for some time in this ____39____. There is a pond (池塘) at some distance from here. Bring me water from there, please.” When the student arrived at the pond, he saw the water in the pond was very dirty. ____40____ some time ago an elephant crossed the pond and made the water become dirty.
The student thought such dirty water was harmful to the teacher’s health. So the student ____41____ without taking water and told the whole thing about the dirty water of the pond to the teacher. Then this teacher sent another student to bring ____42____. After some time that student returned with water.
The teacher ____43____ this student if the water of the pond was dirty, then how did he bring this water The student said, “The water was ____44____ dirty because an elephant crossed there some time ago. So I waited for a few more ____45____ and then the soil in the water settled (沉淀) on the bottom and the water became clear. After that I ____46____ water for you from that pond.”
The teacher was very happy to hear this and taught a(n) ____47____ to all the students that our life is also like the water of this pond. Many times sadness or problems ____48____ life, then the water in the form of life seems dirty. But after some wait and ____49____, these sadness and problems get buried (淹没) under and the good times come up.
Some people get ____50____ after seeing sadness and problems like the first student and come back after seeing trouble. Such people can ____51____ move forward in life, on the other hand, some people who are patient wait that after some time the sadness and problems in the form of dirt will end and they become successful.
37. A. he B. they C. she D. we
38. A. thirsty B. hungry C. bored D. happy
39. A. country B. city C. town D. village
40. A. Though B. Whether C. Because D. Unless
41. A. returned B. stayed C. stopped D. remained
42. A. fruit B. food C. water D. soil
43. A. advised B. told C. warned D. asked
44. A. hardly B. really C. easily D. naturally
45. A. minutes B. days C. Weeks D. years
46. A. drank B. cooked C. bought D. brought
47. A. decision B. example C. lesson D. excuse
48. A. come across B. come in C. come out D. come by
49. A. trouble B. discussion C. attention D. patience
50. A. excited B. afraid C. surprised D. moved
51. A. never B. sometimes C. often D. always
【答案】37. B38. A39. D40. C41. A42. C43. D44. B45. A46. D47. C48. B49. D50. B51. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个老师口渴了，让两个学生去取水的故事。一个学生来到池塘边，看见一头大象穿过池塘，池塘里的水很脏，没有取水就回来了。另一个学生去取水，他等了一段时间，等到水变清澈了，取回了水。于是老师给他所有的学生上了一课，我们的生活也像这个池塘的水。很多时候，生活中会出现悲伤或困难。有些人感到害怕，就无法前进。如果你耐心地等待悲伤和困难像泥土一样沉淀后，就会取得成功。
【37题】
句意：他们走着走着，来到一个村庄。
he他；they他们；she她；we我们。根据“One day a teacher went on a picnic with some of his students.”可知是他们来到了一个村庄，指代上文提到的“老师和他的学生”。故选B。
【38题】
句意：老师很累，而且很渴。
thirsty渴的；hungry饥饿的；bored无聊的；happy高兴的。根据下文“Bring me water from there, please.”可知，老师口渴了。故选A。
【39题】
句意：我们将在这个村子里呆一段时间。
country国家；city城市；town镇；village村庄。根据上文“While walking they reached a village.”可知，在这个村子里呆一段时间。故选D。
【40题】
句意：因为不久前，一头大象穿过池塘，把水弄得很脏了。
Though虽然，尽管；Whether是否；Because因为；Unless除非，如果不。根据“When the student arrived at the pond, he saw the water in the pond was very dirty...some time ago an elephant crossed the pond and made the water become dirty.”可知，前后是因果关系，后句表示原因。故选C。
【41题】
句意：于是，这个学生没有取水就回来了，并把池塘脏水的全部情况告诉了老师。
returned返回；stayed停留；stopped停止；remained保持不变，仍然是，剩余。根据上文“Bring me water from there, please.”可知，老师让他去取水，由此推测，这个学生没有取水就回来了。故选A。
【42题】
句意：然后这位老师派了另一个学生去取水。
fruit水果；food食物；water水；soil土壤。根据“So the student...without taking water”可知，第一个学生没有取到水，所以老师派了另一个学生去取水。故选C。
【43题】
句意：老师问这个学生池塘里的水是不是很脏，那么他是怎么把水带来的？
advised建议；told告诉；warned警告，提醒；asked问。根据“The teacher...if the water of the pond was dirty, then how did he bring this water”可知，老师询问学生是怎么把水取回来的。故选D。
【44题】
句意：水真的很脏，因为前段时间有一头大象穿过那里。
hardly几乎没有；really真地；easily容易地；naturally自然地。根据“because an elephant crossed there some time ago.”可知，此处强调水脏，空处应是really。故选B。
【45题】
句意：所以我又等了几分钟，然后水中的土壤沉淀在底部，水变得清澈了。
minutes分钟；days天；Weeks周；years年。根据“I waited for a few more...and then the soil in the water settled (沉淀) on the bottom and the water became clear”可知，应是等了几分钟，水就变清澈了。故选A。
【46题】
句意：我从池塘里给你带来了水。
drank喝；cooked煮；bought买；brought带来。根据上文“Then this teacher sent another student to bring water.”可知，这个学生带来了水，故选D。
【47题】
句意：老师听到这个很高兴，并给所有的学生上了一课：我们的生活也像这个池塘的水。
decision决定；example实例；lesson课；excuse借口。根据“The teacher was very happy to hear this and taught a(n)...to all the students”可知，老师给学生们上课。故选C。
【48题】
句意：很多时候，生活中会出现悲伤或困难，然后以生活的形式存在的水看起来很脏。
come across偶然遇见，碰上；come in进来；come out暴露，出来，发行；come by弄到，得到，从旁走过。根据“Many times sadnesses or problems...life”可知，生活中会出现悲伤或问题，空处应是come in，come in life“在生活中出现”。故选B。
【49题】
句意：但经过一段时间的等待和耐心，这些悲伤和困难被掩盖了，好时光就到来了。
trouble麻烦，困难；discussion讨论；attention注意；patience耐心。根据“some wait”可知，“等待”与“耐心”对应。故选D。
【50题】
句意：一些人在看到悲伤和困难后会感到害怕，比如第一个学生，然后在看到麻烦后又回来了。
excited兴奋；afraid害怕；surprised惊讶；moved感动的。根据“after seeing sadness and problems like the first student and come back after seeing trouble”可知，一些人看到悲伤和困难后应是感到害怕了，所以会在遇到麻烦后回来。故选B。
【51题】
句意：这样的人在生活中永远无法前进，另一方面，一些有耐心的人会等待一段时间，让以泥土的方式存在的悲伤和难题结束，那么他们则会成功。
never从不，永不；sometimes有时；often经常；always总是。根据上文“Some people get afraid after seeing sadness and problems like the first student and come back after seeing trouble.”可知，害怕悲伤和难题的人在生活中永远无法前进。故选A。
四、语篇填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
strong place avoid easy world wear down so they report
A new study shows that 1 billion young people are at risk for hearing loss (损失). Because music, movies, phones and concerts have a ____52____ influence on it. It’s common for young people to listen to something too loud for a long time. Maybe it’s time to turn ____53____ the volume (音量).
The World Health Organization (WHO) says that millions of people around the ____54____ have serious hearing loss, especially young people. Because they over use listening devices (设备). For example, too much use of earphones among ____55____ increases hearing loss. It may lead to tinnitus (耳鸣) for a while or long time. Besides, they often visit ____56____ with loud music. It is ____57____ that there are about 0.67 to 1.35 billion young people joining in unsafe listening activities, ____58____ they are also at risk for listening loss. The earlier they are in noise environment, the more ____59____ they will have hearing problems.
As hearing loss is becoming worse and worse, hearing and understanding others is getting more difficult. What should you do To prevent hearing loss, you’d better follow the advice:
Keep the volume at a safe level.
Reduce the time of ____60____ earphones.
____61____ staying in loud spaces for a long time.
Increase the distance between you and the source of the noise.
【答案】52. strong
53. down54. world
55. them56. places
57. reported
58. so59. easily
60. wearing
61. Avoid
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了越来越多的年轻人失去听力的风险和原因，以及如何保护听力的建议。
【52题】
句意：因为音乐、电影、电话和音乐会对它有很大的影响。设空处需填写形容词作定语，结合备选词汇可知，strong“强的”符合语境，have a strong influence“有很强的影响”。故填strong。
【53题】
句意：也许是时候降低音量了。根据“It’s common for young people to listen to something too loud for a long time. Maybe it’s time to turn...the volume.”可知，长时间听声音太大的东西，是时候调低音量了。turn down“调低”。故填down。
【54题】
句意：世界卫生组织说全世界数百万的人有严重的听力损失，尤其是年轻人。around the world“全世界”。故填world。
【55题】
句意：例如，过度使用耳机会增加听力的损失。设空处指代前文提到的young people，即them“他们”，宾格形式作宾语。故填them。
【56题】
句意：除此之外，他们经常参观音乐很大声的地方。根据“they often visit...”可知，本句表述参观某地，备选词汇place符合语境，设空处填写复数形式表泛指。故填places。
【57题】
句意：据报道，约有6.7至13.5亿的年轻人参加不安全的听力活动，因此他们也有听力损失的风险。设空处后介绍了某种报道内容，It is reported that...“据报道；据说”。故填reported。
【58题】
句意：据报道，约有6.7至13.5亿的年轻人参加不安全的听力活动，因此他们也有听力损失的风险。本句前后表述内容“there are about 0.67 to 1.35 billion young people joining in unsafe listening activities”和“they are also at risk for listening loss”构成因果关系，设空处后为结果，所以填写so引导。故填so。
59题】
句意：越早地在噪音环境中，他们就越容易会有听力问题。根据“The earlier they are in noise environment, the more...they will have hearing problems.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指更容易有听力问题，easily副词修饰动词。“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”意为“越……，就越……”，easily比较级为more easily。故填easily。
【60题】
句意：减少佩戴耳机的时间。根据“...earphones”可知，wear符合语境，设空处填写动名词形式作宾语。故填wearing。
【61题】
句意：避免长时间待在嘈杂的地方。根据“...staying in loud spaces for a long time”可知，为了保护听力要避免这样的行为，avoid“避免”，祈使句以动词原形开头，首字母大写。故填Avoid。
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Dear Jack,
I heard you are interested in Longtaitou (the Dragon Head Raising Day). I’m glad ____62____ know you are interested in Chinese culture. Now let me introduce Longtaitou to you.
This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands ___63___ the start of spring and farming. This year, the day falls on March 11th.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. People believed ____64____ with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest in autumn. Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (细须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
So far, many customs ___65___ disappeared. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. ___66___ was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
Chinese culture is so attractive, right Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Liang
【答案】62. to63. for
64. that65. have
66. It
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了中国“二月二”的习俗。
【62题】
句意：我很高兴知道你对中国文化感兴趣。be glad to do sth.“很高兴做某事”，不定式作状语。故填to。
【63题】
句意：它代表春天和农业的开始。根据“It stands ... the start of spring and farming.”可知，“二月二”代表春天的开始，stand for“代表”，固定短语。故填for。
【64题】
句意：人们相信在龙的帮助下，他们可以在秋天有一个好收成。believe后是宾语从句，宾语从句后跟陈述句时，连接词用that，无实义。故填that。
【65题】
句意：到目前为止，许多习俗已经消失了。根据“so far”可知，时态是现在完成时，即“have/has done”结构，主语many custons是复数，助动词用have。故填have。
【66题】
句意：据说，在农历正月剪头发可能会给母亲的兄弟带来厄运。It is said that+从句，意为“据说”，固定句型。故填It。
五、补全对话（5 小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hi, Li Hua. How time flies! We are going to graduate this month!
B: Yeah. For me, it’s really hard to say goodbye to all the teachers and friends.
A: Who is your favorite teacher
B: My English teacher, Mr. Niu, is my favorite. ____________67____________.
A: You’re right. And what are you going to do in the coming summer vacation
B: ____________68____________.
A: A volunteer teacher Where do you plan to go
B: A small village in Nanyang. The children there need help.
A: ____________69____________
B: I can teach the children how to play basketball. You know I’m good at it.
A: That sounds wonderful! ____________70____________
B: Of course. Everyone is welcome to join us.
A: I can teach them how to sing Henan Opera. That’s my favorite.
B: Wow! Henan Opera ____________71____________
A: I have learned it for about ten years. And I learned it from my grandma.
B: No wonder you can sing it well. I believe we’ll do a great job in the volunteer teaching.
【答案】67. He is really friendly/patient/kind/We have learned a lot from him/He helps me to be a better person/…
68. I’m going to work as a volunteer teacher/I plan to teach children as a volunteer/…
69. What can you do there/What can you teach them/…
70. May/Can I join you/May/Can I teach the children with you/…
71. How long have you learned Henan Opera/How long have you learned it/…
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是A和B关于对暑假的计划的讨论。
【67题】
根据“My English teacher, Mr. Niu, is my favorite.”可知，此处在夸赞牛老师，探讨牛老师的好。故填He is really friendly/patient/kind/We have learned a lot from him/He helps me to be a better person/…
【68题】
根据“And what are you going to do in the coming summer vacation ”以及“A volunteer teacher ”可知，此处在回复暑假想要当一名志愿者。故填I’m going to work as a volunteer teacher/I plan to teach children as a volunteer/…
【69题】
根据“I can teach the children how to play basketball. You know I’m good at it.”以及标点符合可知，此处在询问对方可以在做什么事。故填What can you do there/What can you teach them/…
【70题】
根据“Of course. Everyone is welcome to join us.”以及标点符合可知，此处在询问对方是否可以加入这样的志愿活动。故填May/Can I join you/May/Can I teach the children with you/…
【71题】
根据“I have learned it for about ten years.”以及标点符合可知，此处在询问对方学豫剧的时长。故填How long have you learned Henan Opera/How long have you learned it/…
六、书面表达（20分）
72. 在三年的初中生活中，你每天在学校里度过的时间占所有时间的三分之一还多。请以“What I like about my school”为题，按照下面的要点和要求写一篇短文。
1.要点：
1）你喜欢学校里的什么？
2）你为什么喜欢它（们）？
3）即将毕业，你的感受是什么？
2.要求：
1）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
2）词数100左右。
What I like about my school
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
What I like about my school
My kind teachers and lovely classmates are my favourites.
In my opinion, the teachers in my middle school have a great influence on me. To tell the truth, I didn’t use to be a good student in my primary school. Instead of blaming or pushing me, my middle school teachers encouraged me whenever I had difficulties or trouble. They are so patient with me that I become better at learning and more confident. I’m so thankful that I have some of my close friends who can always stay by my side when I feel down.
At the time of graduation, I feel lucky to be a student here. I believe I will have a promising future and be the pride of my school.
【解析】
[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：一般现在时和一般过去时；
③提示：写作提示已给出，考生应注意结合具体语境使用正确的时态，适当发挥，使上下文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，说明你喜欢学校里的什么；
第二步，具体阐述你为什么喜欢它（们）；
第三步，即将毕业，说明你的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①in my opinion在我看来
②instead of而不是，代替
③encourage鼓励
④promising有前途的
[高分句型]
①Instead of blaming or pushing me, my middle school teachers encouraged me whenever I had difficulties or trouble.（时间状语从句）
②I believe I will have a promising future and be the pride of my school.（宾语从句）2024 年中考模拟试卷（一）
英语
一、听力理解（20 小题，每小题1分，共20分）
第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。
1. How does the man feel 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Nervous. B. Tired. C. Afraid.
2. How many English students are there in Mr. Yang’s class 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Forty-three. B. Forty-five. C. Fifty.
3. What did the man’s brother use to do 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. A fireman. B. A postman. C. A policeman.
4. How old is the girl 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. 4. B. 11. C. 15.
5. Where will the man go on May Day 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. To Macao. B. To Beijing. C. To Hong Kong.
第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答两个小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What color of shoes does the woman like
A. Black. B. Brown. C. Red.
7. What size of shoes does the woman take
A. Size 34. B. Size 36. C. Size 39.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the man drink
A. Water. B. Juice. C. Wine.
9. What food does the man order
A. One hamburger and some cakes.
B. Two hamburgers and some cakes.
C. Two hamburgers and some bread.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Who sent George to work when he was eight years old
A. His teacher. B. His uncle. C. His father.
11. Where were the adult classes
A. Near his home. B. In another city. C. Far from his home.
12. What is the main idea of this story
A. Life is so good. B. Reading is important. C. Never too late to learn
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Whom did Wang Qiang go to the concert with
A. His friends. B. His children. C. His parents.
14. Why was the concert held
A. To sing for children.
B. To collect food for children.
C. To raise money for poor children.
15. What does the woman think of the problem
A. Children should make a living by themselves.
B. Famous singers should not help poor children.
C. Governments should do something for poor children.
16. 听下面一篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两遍。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. B. C. D. E.
1. ________2. ________3. ________4. ________5. ________
二、阅读理解（20 小题，每小题2分，共40分）
阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。
A
Notification (告知书) Dear parents, Next Thursday, June 1st, we’ll go on a trip to the Fun Times Zoo. We’ll meet at the school gate at 8:00 am, and then take the school bus to the zoo. At the zoo, students will watch a short film about different animals. Then students will be divided into groups of 5-7 to watch all kinds of animals. Each group will be given a piece of paper with some questions to fill out while watching. Please prepare the following things for your child: ◆$20 (the ticket) ◆Lunch and water ◆A pen (for filling out the paper with the questions) Please sign at the bottom of this page and must return it before Monday, May 29th. Without this note, your child won’t be allowed to attend the trip. Yours, Miss Green
Timetable8:00 amMeet at the school gate8:15 am~8:30 amTake the school bus to the zoo8:40 am~11:40 amDo activities at the zoo12:00 pm~12:30 pmHave lunch12:40 pm~12:55 pmTake the school bus back to school
**Cut Here** I give my permission (允许) for ________ to attend the trip. Parent signature (签字): ________ Tel: 347-451-8686 Date: May 28th, 2023
17. It will take students ________ to get to the zoo from the school.
A. ten minutes B. fifteen minutes C. twenty minutes D. half an hour
18. Each group needs to ________ while watching the animals.
A. see a short film B. fill out the paper with questions
C. have lunch together D. fill out the notification
19. If Mrs Brown’s daughter and twin sons go to the zoo, she’ll pay ________ for the tickets.
A. $20 B. $40 C. $60 D. $80
20. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The activities at the zoo will last for three hours.
B. Students can return the note on May 30th.
C. Students can get free lunch offered by Miss Green.
D. Students can attend the trip without the note.
21. If you want to get more information about the trip, you can ________.
A. send an email B. write a letter C. visit the website D. make a telephone call
B
I had the meanest mother in the world. While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal (麦片) and eggs. When others had sugary drinks and candy for lunch, I had to eat a sandwich. But at least I wasn’t alone. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.
My mother knew where we were at all times She knew who our friends were.
We had to wear clean clothes and take a bath every day. We had to be in bed by 9:00 p.m. and get up at 8:00 a.m. We couldn’t sleep till noon like our friends. So while they slept, my mother gave us work to do. We had to wash dishes, make our beds and learn to cook. I believed she lay awake at night thinking up mean things to do to us.
Through the years, things didn’t improve a bit. We could not lie in bed “sick” like our friends did in order to miss school.
My mother was the meanest mother. Out of four children, a couple of us went on to higher education. None of us have ever done bad things. She forced us to grow up into educated and honest people. Now I’m trying to raise my children like this, too. I will feel proud when my children call me mean, because, you see, I am thankful that I had the meanest mother in the whole world.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
22. According to the passage, how many children are there in the writer’s family
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
23. When did the writer go to bed and get up every day
A. 8:00 p.m.; 9:00 a.m. B. 9:00 p.m.; 9:00 a.m. C. 9:00 p.m.; 8:00 a.m. D. 9:00 p.m.; 6:00 a.m.
24. The mother might NOT force her children to ________.
A. wash dishes B. eat freely C. make their beds D. learn to cook
25. The underlined word “meanest” can be replaced by ________.
A. strictest B. most unfriendly C. most impolite D. strongest
26. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. The kind mother. B. The meanest mother.
C. The failure mother. D. The successful mother.
C
If music makes you smart and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a person who is better at learning and understanding.
A team of scientists from a university did tests on 33 volunteers. They found that people who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons did much better in language ability test than without music.
The volunteers said they felt better after exercising with or without the music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to the music during exercise. “Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system (神经系统) and have a direct result on learning ability,” said the scientist Charles Emery. Scientists have found that music can be good for health and education. It helps relieve stress, sadness and nervousness, encourages relaxation or sleep, wakes up the body and improves memory and thoughts.
Scientists have been using Mozart’s music, especially his violin pieces, to help children with speech disabilities. Mozart is often chosen because his music is not over-exciting. A study showed students who often exercise to Mozart’s music get higher marks in tests. With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.
27. What does the underlined word “relieve” mean
A. Add. B. Rise. C. Reduce. D. Remind.
28. How many great musicians are mentioned in the text
A. Two. B. There. C. Four. D. Thirty-three.
29. What does the last paragraph tell us
A. Students should not listen to music before exams.
BMusic may help students get higher grades in tests.
C. Children are supposed to follow their parents’ words.
D. There is no reason for children to argue with parents.
30. What can we know from the text
A. Mozart’s music is not exciting.
B. Music usually makes people sleep well.
C. Exercise may influence learning ability.
D. Volunteers felt worse after exercising without music.
31. Which is the best title for this text
A. Scientists suggest great music. B. Music and exercise lead to stress.
C. Exercising to music makes you smarter. D. Volunteers listened to Mozart’s violin pieces.
D
Are you scared of moving up to senior high school It can be a worrying experience, but you shouldn’t worry about it. ____32____
You’re not alone!____33____They may not realize it but they’re just as nervous as you are. Moving up to senior high school is an opportunity (机会), not a problem. Things are different. ____34____
Teachers are ready to help! If you are unsure of what to do or worrying about anything, then ask teachers for help. Teachers are probably the best people to turn to as they’re experienced in helping new students. Some senior high schools also have a “friends system (系统)”. If your school has this, then you will be paired with an older student who will look out for you and help you.
Changes. There are many differences between junior high school and senior high school.
____35____ You’ll have a homework diary or a student planner. You will have your lessons with different teachers in different rooms. You will have homework for different subjects on different days. Make sure you have a copy of your school timetable so you know which rooms your classes will be in and on which days you will have your different subjects.
Other points. If you’ve got an older brother or sister at school then ask him or her for advice. Be yourself! ____36____ Also you must go to bed early and get up early to get ready for school.
A. It sounds simple, but people will know you better and get close to you if you act naturally.
B. We’ve put together a guide on how to get through the first week.
C. All you need to do is be polite and learn the new rules.
D. So make sure you get organized.
E. Remember everybody in your class is in the same boat.
三、完形填空（本大题共15 小题，每小题1分，共15分）
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
One day a teacher went on a picnic with some of his students. While walking ____37____ reached a village. This village was very big. The teacher was tired and he was very ____38____, so he said to one of his students, “We will stay here for some time in this ____39____. There is a pond (池塘) at some distance from here. Bring me water from there, please.” When the student arrived at the pond, he saw the water in the pond was very dirty. ____40____ some time ago an elephant crossed the pond and made the water become dirty.
The student thought such dirty water was harmful to the teacher’s health. So the student ____41____ without taking water and told the whole thing about the dirty water of the pond to the teacher. Then this teacher sent another student to bring ____42____. After some time that student returned with water.
The teacher ____43____ this student if the water of the pond was dirty, then how did he bring this water The student said, “The water was ____44____ dirty because an elephant crossed there some time ago. So I waited for a few more ____45____ and then the soil in the water settled (沉淀) on the bottom and the water became clear. After that I ____46____ water for you from that pond.”
The teacher was very happy to hear this and taught a(n) ____47____ to all the students that our life is also like the water of this pond. Many times sadness or problems ____48____ life, then the water in the form of life seems dirty. But after some wait and ____49____, these sadness and problems get buried (淹没) under and the good times come up.
Some people get ____50____ after seeing sadness and problems like the first student and come back after seeing trouble. Such people can ____51____ move forward in life, on the other hand, some people who are patient wait that after some time the sadness and problems in the form of dirt will end and they become successful.
37. A. he B. they C. she D. we
38. A. thirsty B. hungry C. bored D. happy
39. A. country B. city C. town D. village
40. A. Though B. Whether C. Because D. Unless
41. A. returned B. stayed C. stopped D. remained
42. A. fruit B. food C. water D. soil
43. A. advised B. told C. warned D. asked
44. A. hardly B. really C. easily D. naturally
45. A. minutes B. days C. Weeks D. years
46. A. drank B. cooked C. bought D. brought
47. A. decision B. example C. lesson D. excuse
48. A. come across B. come in C. come out D. come by
49. A. trouble B. discussion C. attention D. patience
50. A. excited B. afraid C. surprised D. moved
51. A. never B. sometimes C. often D. always
四、语篇填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
strong place avoid easy world wear down so they report
A new study shows that 1 billion young people are at risk for hearing loss (损失). Because music, movies, phones and concerts have a ____52____ influence on it. It’s common for young people to listen to something too loud for a long time. Maybe it’s time to turn ____53____ the volume (音量).
The World Health Organization (WHO) says that millions of people around the ____54____ have serious hearing loss, especially young people. Because they over use listening devices (设备). For example, too much use of earphones among ____55____ increases hearing loss. It may lead to tinnitus (耳鸣) for a while or long time. Besides, they often visit ____56____ with loud music. It is ____57____ that there are about 0.67 to 1.35 billion young people joining in unsafe listening activities, ____58____ they are also at risk for listening loss. The earlier they are in noise environment, the more ____59____ they will have hearing problems.
As hearing loss is becoming worse and worse, hearing and understanding others is getting more difficult. What should you do To prevent hearing loss, you’d better follow the advice:
Keep the volume at a safe level.
Reduce the time of ____60____ earphones.
____61____ staying in loud spaces for a long time.
Increase the distance between you and the source of the noise.
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Dear Jack,
I heard you are interested in Longtaitou (the Dragon Head Raising Day). I’m glad ____62____ know you are interested in Chinese culture. Now let me introduce Longtaitou to you.
This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands ___63___ the start of spring and farming. This year, the day falls on March 11th.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. People believed ____64____ with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest in autumn. Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (细须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
So far, many customs ___65___ disappeared. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. ___66___ was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
Chinese culture is so attractive, right Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Liang
五、补全对话（5 小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hi, Li Hua. How time flies! We are going to graduate this month!
B: Yeah. For me, it’s really hard to say goodbye to all the teachers and friends.
A: Who is your favorite teacher
B: My English teacher, Mr. Niu, is my favorite. ____________67____________.
A: You’re right. And what are you going to do in the coming summer vacation
B: ____________68____________.
A: A volunteer teacher Where do you plan to go
B: A small village in Nanyang. The children there need help.
A: ____________69____________
B: I can teach the children how to play basketball. You know I’m good at it.
A: That sounds wonderful! ____________70____________
B: Of course. Everyone is welcome to join us.
A: I can teach them how to sing Henan Opera. That’s my favorite.
B: Wow! Henan Opera ____________71____________
A: I have learned it for about ten years. And I learned it from my grandma.
B: No wonder you can sing it well. I believe we’ll do a great job in the volunteer teaching.
六、书面表达（20分）
72. 在三年的初中生活中，你每天在学校里度过的时间占所有时间的三分之一还多。请以“What I like about my school”为题，按照下面的要点和要求写一篇短文。
1.要点：
1）你喜欢学校里的什么？
2）你为什么喜欢它（们）？
3）即将毕业，你的感受是什么？
2要求：
1）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
2）词数100左右。
What I like about my school
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