资源简介

专题01 语法填空（16区二模新题速递）
目 录
2023·上海秋考·真题 2024·上海虹口·二模
2024·上海杨浦·二模 2024·上海宝山·二模
2024·上海浦东·二模 2024·上海奉贤·二模
2024·上海青浦·二模 2024·上海闵行·二模
2024·上海黄浦·二模 2024·上海金山·二模
2024·上海普陀·二模 2024·上海嘉定·二模
2024·上海徐汇·二模 2024·上海长宁·二模
2024·上海松江·二模 2024·上海崇明·二模
2024·上海静安·二模
2023·上海秋考·真题
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) __________(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )__________(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age.
One day, a dispute arose in the kingdom, Two farmers were arguing about the ownership of a piece of land, They could not settle the matter themselves ( 24 )__________each claimed the land was theirs. The case was brought before King Mosi, who was known for his fair judgments.
The king listened to both sides of the story. He then asked, " Who among you can tell me.how many seeds are in the fruit of the baobab tree " The farmers looked at each other, puzzled. They did not know the answer.
King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. Therefore, l decree that this land shall be shared between you. You will work on it together and share the fruits of your labor equally.”
The farmers were taken aback by the king's wisdom. They agreed to the king's decision and thanked him for his fair judgment. From that day forward, they( 26 )__________work together on the land and became the best friends.
The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )__________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. The story of King Mosi's wisdom spread far and wide, and he was respected by all who heard about him.
And so, king Mosi continued to rule his kingdom with wisdom and fairness, earning (28)__________a place in the annals (编年史) of history, His story is a reminder of ( 29 )__________wisdom can bring( 30 )__________ peace and harmony. It is a story that has been passed down through generations, a testament to King Mosi's enduring legacy.
This is the story of King Mosi, a wise and just ruler who made a significant impact on his kingdom and its people, His story continues to inspire and teach valuable lessons about leadership and justice
2024·上海杨浦·二模
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Was Air Pollution Monet’s Muse (灵感之源)
Claude Monet was a French painter who lived at the turn of the 20th century, from 1840 to 1926. He is credited as the founder of impressionism, a painting style characterized by its use of many thin brushstrokes ____1____(create) a dream-like quality. Impressionist paintings are celebrated for the way ____2____ seem to capture a sense of life in motion. Monet didn’t just simply paint landscapes; he wanted to convey the sensations he experienced when he saw them.
Many of Monet’s paintings portray the passage of time, like clouds ____3____ (drift) through the sky. The landscapes in his paintings often have a misty appearance, ____4____ fog is clouding edges, and concealing objects that are far away. Some researchers have suggested the mist of Monet’s landscapes ____5____ have actually been air pollution.
Monet was painting at a time when heavy industry was starting to seriously impact the environment. This was especially true in urban centers like London and Paris. The supposition is that Monet’s works reflect the increasing levels of air pollution that Europe ____6____ (witness) in the late 19th century and early 20th century. ____7____ Monet’s painting career progressing, background visibility in his paintings seems to gradually decrease.
In letters to his wife, Monet sometimes described the smoke and fog in London, for ____8____ he obviously had a preference. Evidence suggests that ____9____ significant number of Monet’s works were influenced, or even inspired, by the way air pollution affected light and vision. ____10____ air pollution was the muse for one of modern history’s greatest artists might be true.
2024·上海浦东·二模
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Why We Should Record Travel Moments
On a rainy summer day, I took a train to Switzerland and trekked through the mud to a medieval fortress high atop a cliff. After twisting through its dimly lit corridors, I finally _____1_____ (arrive) at the main viewpoint of Cave of the Fairies: a plunging 77m waterfall that shoots from underground into a sparkling pool. As the waterfall wet my jacket, I closed my eyes and took out my phone _____2_____ (record) the rush of dreamy reality before me.
I had come in search of a sound, not a sight.
Throughout my travels, I’ve found myself _____3_____ (collect) sound recordings the way other people collect souvenirs. Just as some travellers take photos of landscapes or their food, I started doing this as an artistic way to help me remember some of the most interesting details of my trips.
Environmental scientist Lauren Kuehne said, “I think that once you start to listen, once you actually start to listen, you start to appreciate how much _____4_____ (big) the world is.”
This attitude _____5_____ (echo) by Samara Kester, a retired emergency medicine physician who now serves on QPI’s board. “A photograph is two dimensions. _____6_____ you are looking at something you’re seeing, it’s maybe 180 degrees, maybe 270 degrees. Sound is 360 degrees. You hear it all around you.” Kester explained _____7_____ teaching herself to be a better listener has not only expanded her sense of travel, but helped her relive her travels once she’s back home. “You immerse _____8_____ in that place again. You recreate those memories and therefore recreate the feelings you had, _____9_____ are very hard to express clearly. You can re-experience that and that will send you to where you were before.”
Months later back in my L.A. home, I find myself popping on my headphones and listening back to the rush of falling water inside Cave of the Fairies. When I close my eyes, I ______10______ feel the spray of water against my skin, the sense of letting my ears lead me on a faraway adventure. Mentally, I’m right back there — if only for a moment.
2024·上海黄浦·二模
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections __21__ (absorb) in a device. That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention. It also changes your mood, your manner of walking and etc. — and affects your ability to get from point A to point B __22__ running into trouble.
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust __23__ you move. Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about 10 percent slower than those undistracted ones. These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk. And __24__ walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity, walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force __25__ (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that __26__ (get) these benefits, it’s important that your attention is on the environment, rather than on your phone.
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities, like Honolulu, __27__ (pass) laws to control distracted walkers. But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises. One study has looked at the connection between “phone-related distracted walking” and emergency department visits. Using government data __28__ (extend) over the years 2011 to 2019, the researchers turned up nearly 30,000 walking injuries occasioned by phones.
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting __29__ at some risk. So how do you stay safe If you do walk and use your device at the same time, stop when you’re around stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground, __30__ accidents are more likely to occur.
2024·上海普陀·二模
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
What If You’re Not Good at English
Researchers whose first language is not English can spend around twice as long reading an English scientific journal article as native speakers. For a PhD student, that can mean (21) ______ (spend) up to 19 additional working days per year just reading papers.
These statistics, (22) ______ (publish) today in PLOS Biology, might not be shocking, researchers say, but it’s important to measure the effects of language barriers on the careers of academics (23) ______ are not fluent in English. “It is the first step for the scientific community (24) ______ (make) more efforts to solve this problem”, says Tatsuya Amano, a biodiversity researcher at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, and a co-author of the study.
The team found that among scientists who had published only one paper in English, scientists from countries (25) ______ English is generally poor spent 29.8 percent more time writing papers than native English speakers; (26) ______ from countries with moderate English proficiency(能力) spent 50.6% more time. Similarly, the researchers found that people from countries with low English proficiency spent an average of 90.8 percent more time reading scientific articles (27) _______ native English speakers.
At conferences, even those who overcome obstacles face difficulties in presenting their work in English. Germana Barata, a researcher who (28) ______ (specialize) in science communication at the State University of Campinas in Brazil, says that despite being fluent in English, she still feels uncomfortable at times. “We (29) ______ (give) the same amount of time to present, but all that we can say in 10 minutes is different from (30) ______ a native speaker can say,” she points out.
2024·上海徐汇·二模
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A French bakery has become a tourist attraction in Nanping township, which is part of Zhuhai, a coastal city in Guangdong province.
Papa Romantic, located in Beishan community, attracts a large number of Chinese and foreigners alike. After (21) _______ (taste)the bakery's bread, some Chinese students who have returned from abroad have expressed admiration, while foreigners who lived in Zhuhai but moved to other Chinese cities such as Beijing (22) _______ (continue) to have bread and pastries from the shop (23) _______ (ship) to them.
The bakery is a welcoming environment for those who want to sit and enjoy authentic French cuisine.
On one side is a well-preserved old ancestral hall, and on the other side are lush trees that provide shade (24) _______ the sun. The shop has a bright storefront, and the aroma of the bread, the aluminum tables and the chairs under sun umbrellas display a peaceful atmosphere away from the hustle and bustle.
At Papa Romantic, the best-selling items include baguettes, croissants, sandwiches, crepes and cookies. In addition, some unique treats such as fig bread and colorful macrons are also popular among young customers.
Owner and baker Ronan Salaun, (25) _______ comes from the Brittany region of France, said the ingredients at his bakery (26) ______ (import), and he refuses to use chemicals or additives in his food.
(27) _______ his friends return to France, they know they need to bring him some crystal salt from a natural salt pond in France. The black pepper he uses comes from Madagascar.
"Simple things are important, and the quality of salt and pepper makes a big difference," Salaun said.
While remaining true to his French roots, he has also taken into consideration the dietary habits of Chinese people. "Chinese locals prefer soft crust bread, while French like the crusty one. I sell both kinds. I can't just maintain the original characteristics; I must adapt to locals' preferences," he said.
A former mechanical engineer, Salaun, was sent by a Hong Kong company to work at a furniture factory in Wanzai township, Zhuhai, in November 2000. He said he couldn't have imagined how much his life would change with that move.
At that time, Wanzai was a tiny town (28) _______ (border) Macao known for its flower trade.
For Salaun, life in Wanzai seemed simple and rustic. He remembers (29) _______ when he wanted to take a bath, he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub.
Although the living and working conditions were not as favorable as (30) ______ abroad, Salaun grew to love Zhuhai, which is located at the mouth of the Pearl River.
2024·上海松江·二模
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Remote Work Slows Senior Housing Market Recovery
With the rise of remote work, the market for senior housing has met with problems in its recovery. Only a few old people choose to live in senior-living communities （21）______the growing senior population and the cancelation of COVID-19 restrictions once making family visits difficult.（22）______ this trend suggests is that people’s shift to remote work contributes to the slow rebound of the senior housing market. That is, remote work is keeping many older Americans from moving into senior-living communities once warmly （23）______（welcome）.
When more adults began working remotely during the pandemic（流行病）, they were able to check in on aging parents easily —they （24）______ take care of their parents’ issues on short notice.
Experts have been analyzing the phenomenon in different ways. Some found that the greater flexibility to care for parents （25）______（mean） people’s delay in sending aged parents to expensive senior-housing accommodations. Therefore, markets with high levels of people working from home usually have lower senior-housing occupancy rates. Others said remote work might have some effect but also pointed to different factors. For instance, many seniors think that their family wallets are getting thinner, making some of them reluctant （26）______（send） to senior-living communities.
The age at which people enter senior housing is also increasing, （27）______serves as another sign that shows people are choosing to delay transitioning. The rising cost of senior living weighs heavily on that decision. The CPI （consumer-price index） for nursing homes and adult day services rose 4.5% last May compared with （28）______in May, 2022.
Still, many senior-housing operators are optimistic. When （29）______（illustrate） their point, they showed an increase in the number of people turning 80 years old over the following years and the actual wealth they have collected. Moreover, they find remote work arrangements are decreasing in some parts of the country, （30）______ employees there have seen their lowered productivity while working from home.
2024·上海静安·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Beethov-hen’s first symphony
On a grey Friday morning at a Hawke’s Bay farm, members of New Zealand’s symphony orchestra dressed in black to perform their latest composition in front of a large crowd.
The music contained many marks of traditional classical music, but as it began, the instruments started to make loud, rough sounds more commonly ___1___ (hear) in chicken coops than in an auditorium.
However, no feathers were angered by this departure from tradition, ___2___ the audience that gathered to listen to the concert last week was, in fact, a couple of thousand chickens.
The piece of music – Chook Symphony No.1 – ___3___ (create) specifically for the birds out of an unlikely partnership between the orchestra and an organic free-range chicken farm which wanted a piece of chicken-friendly music to enrich its flocks’ lives.
“We’ve been playing classical music for the chickens for some years now because ___4___ is well researched that the music can calm the chickens down,” says Ben Bostock, one of the two brothers who ___5___ (own) the Bostock Brothers farm.
Research has shown animals can respond positively to classical music, and chickens are particularly responsive to baroque (巴洛克风格), according to some studies.
The composer, Hamish Oliver, ___6___ used the baroque tradition as a starting point and drew inspiration from composers such as Corelli, Bach, and Schnittke, wanted the piece to be playful by including sounds from a chicken’s world. “The trumpet imitates the chicken… the woodwind instruments are the cluckiest, especially if you take the reeds off.”
The early stages of composition were spent ___7___ (test) out which instruments and sounds the chickens responded to best.
“They didn’t like any big banging,” Bostock said, adding that when the birds respond positively to the music, they tend ___8___ (wander) farther among the trees. Bostock now hopes chicken farmers around the world will use the piece of music to calm their own birds.
For Oliver, having input from the farmers about ___9___ the chickens were responding to particular sounds and instruments was a highlight of the project.
The symphony has searched exhaustively ___10___ any other examples of orchestras making music specifically for chickens and believes this to be a world-first, says Peter Biggs, the orchestra’s chief executive.
2024·上海虹口·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
No Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones
“Please, no flash photography.”
Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t discourage people from taking photos of (21) _________ they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places (22) _________ people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least.
The patent, (23) _________ (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command (24) _________ (block) the user from taking any photos or videos.
Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows (25) _________ they object to the free footage circulating around the web. (26) _________ this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent (27) _________ (introduce) into iPhone software, with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening.
But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to (28) _________ with more immoral intentions.
Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’ devices, it’s possible that Apple just (29) _________ (patent) the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to avoid (30) _________ (use) the prohibitive software.
2024·上海宝山·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Imagine you are out fishing on the high seas - the wind and water are clean and comfortable and you begin bringing up your first catch of the day. That's when everything goes wrong. Your fishing nets are tangled up (缠成一团) in older, abandoned fishing tool, and you're unable to untangle them. Your equipment (21) _____ (ruin), and all of the fish you have worked so hard to catch are trapped. They will die (22) _____ you are unable to draw or free them. Ghost fishing has claimed yet another victim.
Ghost fishing is what abandoned fishing tool does. It still catches fish, but no one benefits. Trapped fish die and attract scavengers (清道夫) (23) _____ also get caught, creating a vicious cycle. In fact, lost fishing tool, or "ghost tool," is among (24) _____ (great) killers in the oceans. This tool further reduces the already declining number of fish.
Environmental agencies estimate that 10 percent of all seawater litter is lost or deserted fishing tool (25) _____ (equal) 640,000 tons every year. Fortunately, these agencies are asking why this is happening and what (26) _____ be done to stop it.
It's not the intention of the majority of fishermen to lose their tool. In most circumstances bad weather is to blame. But in other cases fishermen throw their tool in the ocean on purpose, risking expensive fines. But to them, it's worth the risk (27) _____ (free) up space onboard, cut fuel costs or avoid paying handling fees. (28) _____ equipment loss is accidental or not, a strategy involving tool identification seems to be a practical solution.
By marking tool with electronic tags and utilizing GPS technology, owners are more likely to recover lost tool and less likely to abandon it. Currently, ownership regulations are reportedly very weak. Leading the effort for tagging fishing tool and creating accountability is the GGTI(Global Ghost Tool Initiative). (29) _____ (launch) in 2015, the GGTI is the first organization of its kind. It's brought together an organization of governments, fishing-industry executives, seafood companies and non-profits. Their efforts to get back and recycle the tool (30) _____ (improve) marine environment, protecting fish and fishermen's way of life.
Ghost fishing poses a serious threat to the fishing industry worldwide, and a global effort is needed to solve it.
2024·上海奉贤·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Are You Ready to Hug a Robot
Getting hugged tends to be a powerful positive emotional experience. Hugs have been shown to enhance social bonding and emotional well-being. However, not everyone can get a hug (21)______ they need one. Some people are lonely and do not have anyone to hug them. Others may be in long-distance relationships (22)______ it is not easy to get physical affection from their partner. In this case, they (23)______ receive fewer hugs than they like.
How can this problem be solved (24)______ scientists have proposed is to develop hug robots. This could offer lonely people the positive effects of getting hugged without the need (25)______(seek) a person who could hug them. Nevertheless, designing a hug robot is not an easy task. For example, if the robot is very large and made mostly of metal, people might be frightened of it, (26)______ happily hugging it. Therefore, psychological research is needed.
A new study, which (27)______(publish) in International Journal recently, focuses on the development of Moffuly-II, a newly developed hug robot, which can move its arms to perform different small gestures during the hug. When two people hug, they often do specific things with their hands, such as clapping the (28)______(hug)person on the back to signal sympathy. It is important that a hug robot can perform similar gestures, too. In the study, the scientists wanted to know whether these gestures would make a robot hug (29)______(appealing). Volunteers who Moffully-Il hugged generally preferred hugs with gestures to gesture-less hugs. They felt that the robot was more friendly when(30)______(perform) gestures.
The findings of the study indicate that it is possible to design a robot that people enjoy to hug. Details matter here, as the intra-hug gestures played a significant role in determining how much the human volunteers enjoyed the hug.
2024·上海青浦·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Number of Steps a Day It Takes to Cut Risk of Early Death
New research suggests exactly how many steps you need to take each day to reduce the risk of heart disease and early death. If you (21) _____ (fail) in your pursuit of walking 10,000 steps a day — researchers have some good news for you.
They found walking up to 10,000 steps a day reduces these risks. The lowest risk of early death was (22) _____ people who took 9,000 to 10,500 steps a day. When it came to avoiding heart attack, people (23) _____ (manage) around 9,700 steps a day had the lowest risks.
Experts have previously found people who spend a lot of time sitting while awake are more likely (24) _____ (suffer) an early death and develop heart disease. It has been unclear (25) _____ walking can balance out the effects of sitting down for most of the day — until now.
A study, published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, analysed data from 72,174 people (26) _____ (age) around 61 from UK. Participants wore a device for seven days to measure their exercise levels. After a seven-year follow-up, 1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events, such as heart attack, were recorded. The results showed any amount of daily steps above 2,200 a day were linked to lower death and heart disease — (27) _____ _____ the rest of the day was spent being inactive.
Julie Ward, a senior nurse in the U.K., said, “We encourage people to stay active for (28) _____ heart and circulatory health by doing 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week. “This can be any activity (29) _____ fits into your lifestyle, such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen, going to the gym, enjoying exercise classes, or even getting off the bus one stop (30) _____ (early) to get more steps in.”
2024·上海闵行·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time, he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page-turner. “___21___ not being a trained musician, I’ve learned to read music to assist Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but ___22___ (act) as the group’s official page-turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score. In this way, the musicians don’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it ___23___. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
Being a page-turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music ___24___ go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 pages of turns, including back turns for repeat passages. ___25___ matters is onstage communication. Each pianist has their own style of “nodding” ___26___ ( indicate) a page turn that they need to practise with their page-turner.
But like all performances, there are moments ___27___ things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily, I was able to catch them and put them back.”
___28___ most page-turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“Sometimes my husband is not an attentive page-turner. He’s interested in the music, ___29___ (feel) every note, but I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ ” she laughed. “But Robert is ___30___ (qualified) page-turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
2024·上海金山·二模
Section A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
DNA analysis reveals two waves of migration
The results of the study, published in the Science Bulletin, revealed two major migration waves in history. In this pioneering study, scientists from Fudan University (21) ______ (dig) into the ancient DNA of individuals buried in Gansu province, revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating back over 12 centuries. The research employed ancient DNA data (22) ______ (explore) human migration along the Hexi Corridor.
The Hexi Corridor, was a narrow yet crucial link (23) ______ (connect) the heartland of ancient China to the Western Territory. Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dotted with cities (24) ______ (found) along short rivers.
Historical documents attest (证实) to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads (25)_______ Western and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade, religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty.
(26) ______ technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration, archaeologists are increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples. Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan Universitys Institute of Archaeological Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data (27) ______ the teeth and bones found at two sites near Dunhuang.
The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers (异常样本) dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang. Further examination revealed one had approximately 50 percent western Eurasian ancestry and (28) ______ ______ 30 percent, suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local men.
(29) ______ the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations. Experts said the second major migration period (30) ______ (mark) by a significant shift in the gene pool. Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from 138 BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road.
2024·上海嘉定·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Day I Survived
It had been raining buckets that week, and authorities had issued a flood warning, though not for where I was. Still, I had placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door just in case.
As I was drifting off to sleep, I suddenly heard the sound of rushing water, （21）___I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. When I（22）___（swing）my legs off the bed, I was shocked by the sensation of cold water lapping against my knees and rising fast.
（23）___（feel）my way in the darkness, I grabbed my phone and turned on the flashlight. As I stepped out of my bedroom, water was shooting through the gaps of the garden door. The water （24）___have gone over the sandbags, I thought. All around me, my things began to float: chairs, bookshelves, and pieces of my drum set.
I heard the garden door starting to break down （25）___the pressure of the flood, and the water was now up to my waist. I began to panic. In bare feet and with my shorts（26）____（glue）to my body, I started to walk to my only escape: the door that leads upstairs.
I struggled to the door and tried to pull it open, but the force of the water wouldn't let me do so. I looked around and grabbed a broom （27）___was floating behind me. Using it to pry（撬） open the door, I managed to make a gap of about a foot, just wide enough （28）___（force）myself through. Finally, I made it outside. If I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned. The entire neighborhood was destroyed by the flood.
Later, we（29）___（assure）that something like this happens only once every 100 years. I hope so. It pains me to see （30）___was once a lovely, cozy street now turns into a waterscape.
2024·上海长宁·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Bob’s problems began during his formative years. His parents got divorced when he was young, and neither of his parents wanted to raise him or his brother and sister, so he ___1___ (bring) up by a foster family chosen by a social worker in the community.
Unfortunately, his foster father was a strict authoritarian and often beat him. Bob rebelled against this strict upbringing, and by the time he was eight years old, he ___2___ (run) wild, stealing from shops and playing truant. When he reached adolescence, sometime around his thirteenth birthday, he had already appeared in court several times, charged ___3___ juvenile crimes. The judge blamed his foster parents, ___4___ (explain) that children needed responsible parents and guardians who would look after them properly. The foster father didn’t agree with the judge and objected to this, pointing out that Bob’s two brothers and sister were well-adjusted children who behaved at home and worked well at school.
This has raised some interesting questions about the modern family system. ___5___ it is true that parents should not be too lenient with children by letting them do ___6___ they want, ___7___ too over-protective by sheltering them from the realities of life, it is also true that they should not be too strict. It has also highlighted the disadvantages of the modern nuclear family ___8___ the child has only its mother and father to rely on or the single-parent family, in which the mother or father has to struggle particularly hard ___9___ (support) their dependents.
In fact, many people believe that we ___10___ return to traditional family values and the extended family: extensive research has shown that children from these families are generally better behaved and have a better chance of success in later life.
2024·上海崇明·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Grand Chinese New Year Celebration Held in London
More than 700,000 people in London joined in a celebration on February 11 organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association to welcome the Year of the Dragon.
The celebration was claimed by the organizers (21) _____ (be) the largest Chinese New Year event outside Asia. It started at 10 am with a diverse parade featuring dragon dances and displays of traditional Chinese costumes. The parade started from the east of Trafalgar Square and concluded on Shaftesbury Avenue in Chinatown.
During the parade, significant attention (22) _____ (capture) by the traditional Chinese Puning Yingge folk dance, a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in China. The group of 16 dancers, originating from the Chaoshan region in South China’s Guangdong province, (23) _____ the art form originated, offered a sensory cultural feast (盛宴) to the people of the United Kingdom.
At noon, the event reached its climax on the center stage in Trafalgar Square, with notable figures from China and Britain participating in the eye-dotting ceremony of two lions, symbolically (24) _____ (awaken) them. (25) _____ the lions were awakened, they performed a lively flying dance. Performers (26) _____ (hide) under the costumes jumped up and down on 3-meter-high poles, drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds.
Zheng Zeguang, China’s ambassador (大使) to the UK, (27) _____ (address) the attendees at Trafalgar Square. He expressed gratitude to the organizers and artists for making (28) _____ possible for the event to happen, and extended warm wishes of good fortune and advance for the Year of the Dragon.
Sadiq Khan, mayor of London, spoke highly of the contributions of Londoners of Chinese origin. “One of the reasons why London is the greatest city in the world is (29) _____ Londoners of Chinese origin have been making contributions to the city,” he said. The mayor also warned (30) _____ trying to “discourage” friendships between China and the UK.
In addition to the lively parade and stage performances, there were cultural workshops, interactive games, and food stands set up around Trafalgar Square.专题01 语法填空（16区二模新题速递）
目 录
2023·上海秋考·真题 2024·上海虹口·二模
2024·上海杨浦·二模 2024·上海宝山·二模
2024·上海浦东·二模 2024·上海奉贤·二模
2024·上海青浦·二模 2024·上海闵行·二模
2024·上海黄浦·二模 2024·上海金山·二模
2024·上海普陀·二模 2024·上海嘉定·二模
2024·上海徐汇·二模 2024·上海长宁·二模
2024·上海松江·二模 2024·上海崇明·二模
2024·上海静安·二模
2023·上海秋考·真题
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 ) __________(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )__________(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age.
One day, a dispute arose in the kingdom, Two farmers were arguing about the ownership of a piece of land, They could not settle the matter themselves ( 24 )__________each claimed the land was theirs. The case was brought before King Mosi, who was known for his fair judgments.
The king listened to both sides of the story. He then asked, " Who among you can tell me.how many seeds are in the fruit of the baobab tree " The farmers looked at each other, puzzled. They did not know the answer.
King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. Therefore, l decree that this land shall be shared between you. You will work on it together and share the fruits of your labor equally.”
The farmers were taken aback by the king's wisdom. They agreed to the king's decision and thanked him for his fair judgment. From that day forward, they( 26 )__________work together on the land and became the best friends.
The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )__________ ( seat )for hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. The story of King Mosi's wisdom spread far and wide, and he was respected by all who heard about him.
And so, king Mosi continued to rule his kingdom with wisdom and fairness, earning (28)__________a place in the annals (编年史) of history, His story is a reminder of ( 29 )__________wisdom can bring( 30 )__________ peace and harmony. It is a story that has been passed down through generations, a testament to King Mosi's enduring legacy.
This is the story of King Mosi, a wise and just ruler who made a significant impact on his kingdom and its people, His story continues to inspire and teach valuable lessons about leadership and justice
【答案】
21.was known 22.to watch 23.assuming 24.because 25.who/whom
26.could 27.seated 28.himself 29.how 30.about
【导读】这是关于非洲国王莫西的故事，他以智慧和公正闻名。当两个农民争夺土地所有权时，他以提问猴面包树果实种子数量的方式解决了纠纷，展现了公平和智慧。他的故事传播开来，成为领导和公正的典范。
【详解】
21.was known【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子结构，此句为there be句型，主句谓语动词是 was。Who..and courage为who引导的定语从句，空格处为从句的谓语动词，此处意为!“被人们所知道”，be known for意为“因……而出名”，而且主句中的谓语为一般过去时,所以应该填 was known。
22,to watch【解析】考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,空格前的主语和谓语为He had come判定空格处为非谓语结构。再根据句意判定，该空所在的位置需要填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“他走过了很长的路来监视他的王国”，因此填to watch。
23.assuming【解析】考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，空格前的句子的谓语是had come,且空格的提示动词前有逗号，判定此处为非谓语结构。根据句意该空需要填入一个非调语动词来表示主语 He的行为，同时这个行为与主句中的 had come a long way是同时发生的，因此应该使用现在分词assuming，表示伴随。
24.because【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空格前是主调宾结构的简单句，空格后是含宾语从句的句子，因此这里需要填入一个连词。又根据上下文提及的They could notsettle the matter themselves 和 each claimed the land was theirs 可推知“他们自己无法解决这个问题是因为他们每个人都声称这块土地是他们的”，because表示原因，故此处填入because。
25.who/whom【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，该空引导的宾语从句作prove 的宾语且该宾语从句中缺少宾语,结合上下文内容,这里需要填入一个指代人的关系代词,表示“土地属于谁”，故此处填入 who/whom。
26.could【解析】考查情态动词。分析句子结构可知，该句不缺少成分，且谓语动词为原型，故考虑情态动词，结合上下文内容可推知，此处想要表述的是“因为国王的决定，他们能够(could)在一起工作，成为最好的朋友”，故此处填入could。
27.seated 【解析】考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入一个形容词或动词的故去分词作表语,“remain+过去分词"表示“某人或某事物仍保持某种状态”，而 seated 是 seat的过去分词转化而来的形容词，意为“坐着的”，故此处填入seated。
28.himself【解析】考查反身代词。分析句子结构可知,该空处需要填入代词或名词作earning的宾语，又结合句意推知，此处想要表述的是“因此，摩西国王继续以智慧和公平统治他的王国，使他自己(himself)在历史史册上赢得了一席之地”，故该空处填入 himself。
29.how【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入一个可以引导宾语从句的连词，且从句中不缺少主干成分，又根据相关句意推知，此处想要表述的是“他的故事给了我们一个关于智慧是如何带来和平与和谐的提醒”，how 有“如何”之意，故此处填入 how。
30.about【解析】考査介词。Bring about 意为“导致;引起”，故该空填入 about。
2024·上海杨浦·二模
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Was Air Pollution Monet’s Muse (灵感之源)
Claude Monet was a French painter who lived at the turn of the 20th century, from 1840 to 1926. He is credited as the founder of impressionism, a painting style characterized by its use of many thin brushstrokes ____1____(create) a dream-like quality. Impressionist paintings are celebrated for the way ____2____ seem to capture a sense of life in motion. Monet didn’t just simply paint landscapes; he wanted to convey the sensations he experienced when he saw them.
Many of Monet’s paintings portray the passage of time, like clouds ____3____ (drift) through the sky. The landscapes in his paintings often have a misty appearance, ____4____ fog is clouding edges, and concealing objects that are far away. Some researchers have suggested the mist of Monet’s landscapes ____5____ have actually been air pollution.
Monet was painting at a time when heavy industry was starting to seriously impact the environment. This was especially true in urban centers like London and Paris. The supposition is that Monet’s works reflect the increasing levels of air pollution that Europe ____6____ (witness) in the late 19th century and early 20th century. ____7____ Monet’s painting career progressing, background visibility in his paintings seems to gradually decrease.
In letters to his wife, Monet sometimes described the smoke and fog in London, for ____8____ he obviously had a preference. Evidence suggests that ____9____ significant number of Monet’s works were influenced, or even inspired, by the way air pollution affected light and vision. ____10____ air pollution was the muse for one of modern history’s greatest artists might be true.
【答案】1. to create
2. they 3. drifting
4. as if ##as though
5. may##might
6. witnessed
7. with 8. which
9. a 10. That
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克劳德·莫奈作为印象派画家的贡献，以及他作品中可能受到19世纪末至20世纪初欧洲空气污染影响的讨论。
【1题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他被认为是印象派的创始人，印象派是一种绘画风格，其特点是使用许多细细的笔触来创造梦幻般的品质。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填to create。
【2题详解】
考查代词。句意：印象派绘画以其捕捉动态生活感的方式而闻名。指代“Impressionist paintings”应该用代词they作seem的主语，故填they。
【3题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：莫奈的许多画作描绘了时间的流逝，就像天空中飘过的云。drift与 clouds 之间为主动关系，则使用现在分词作后置定语，故填drifting。
【4题详解】
考查从属连词。句意：他的风景画往往有一种朦胧的外观，仿佛雾笼罩着边缘，隐藏着远处的物体。此处需要表示“仿佛”的从属连词，引导方式状语从句，故填as if或as though。
5题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：一些研究人员认为，莫奈风景画中的雾气实际上可能是空气污染。此处需填入表示“可能”的情态动词，即may或might，“may/might have been”表示对过去的推测，故填may或might。
【6题详解】
考查时态。句意：人们猜测莫奈的作品反映了19世纪末和20世纪初欧洲日益严重的空气污染。根据“in the late 19th century and early 20th century”可知，witness使用一般过去时，故填witnessed。
【7题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着莫奈绘画生涯的发展，背景的可见度似乎逐渐降低。此处为“with的复合结构”作状语，为“with+宾语+现在分词”，故填with。
【8题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在给妻子的信中，莫奈有时会描述伦敦的烟雾，这显然是他偏爱的。此处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，指代先行词“smoke and fog”应该使用关系代词which，故填which。
【9题详解】
考查冠词。句意：有证据表明，莫奈的很多作品都受到了空气污染对光线和视觉的影响，甚至受到了启发。固定短语a number of：许多，故填a。
【10题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：空气污染是现代历史上最伟大的艺术家之一的灵感来源，这可能是真的。空格处引导主语从句，从句的语义和成分均完整，则使用that引导主语从句，空格位于句首，故填That。
2024·上海浦东·二模
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Why We Should Record Travel Moments
On a rainy summer day, I took a train to Switzerland and trekked through the mud to a medieval fortress high atop a cliff. After twisting through its dimly lit corridors, I finally _____1_____ (arrive) at the main viewpoint of Cave of the Fairies: a plunging 77m waterfall that shoots from underground into a sparkling pool. As the waterfall wet my jacket, I closed my eyes and took out my phone _____2_____ (record) the rush of dreamy reality before me.
I had come in search of a sound, not a sight.
Throughout my travels, I’ve found myself _____3_____ (collect) sound recordings the way other people collect souvenirs. Just as some travellers take photos of landscapes or their food, I started doing this as an artistic way to help me remember some of the most interesting details of my trips.
Environmental scientist Lauren Kuehne said, “I think that once you start to listen, once you actually start to listen, you start to appreciate how much _____4_____ (big) the world is.”
This attitude _____5_____ (echo) by Samara Kester, a retired emergency medicine physician who now serves on QPI’s board. “A photograph is two dimensions. _____6_____ you are looking at something you’re seeing, it’s maybe 180 degrees, maybe 270 degrees. Sound is 360 degrees. You hear it all around you.” Kester explained _____7_____ teaching herself to be a better listener has not only expanded her sense of travel, but helped her relive her travels once she’s back home. “You immerse _____8_____ in that place again. You recreate those memories and therefore recreate the feelings you had, _____9_____ are very hard to express clearly. You can re-experience that and that will send you to where you were before.”
Months later back in my L.A. home, I find myself popping on my headphones and listening back to the rush of falling water inside Cave of the Fairies. When I close my eyes, I ______10______ feel the spray of water against my skin, the sense of letting my ears lead me on a faraway adventure. Mentally, I’m right back there — if only for a moment.
【答案】1. arrived
2. to record
3. collecting
4. bigger 5. was echoed
6. When##While
7. how 8. yourself
9. which 10. can
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者喜欢在旅行中记录声音的原因。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：在穿过昏暗的走廊后，我终于到达了仙女洞的主要景点：一个77米高的瀑布从地下射入波光粼粼的池塘。根据上下文时态可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：瀑布淋湿了我的夹克，我闭上眼睛，拿出手机记录下眼前的梦幻现实。分析句子结构并结合句意，这里应用不定式，作目的状语。故填to record。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的旅行中，我发现自己像其他人收集纪念品一样收集录音。find sb. doing sth.意为“发现某人在做某事”，现在分词作宾补。故填collecting。
【4题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我认为，一旦你开始倾听，你就会开始意识到世界大得多。根据空前的much可知，这里表示世界大得多，应用big的比较级bigger。故填bigger。
【5题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这种态度得到了Samara Kester的回应，她是一名退休的急诊医生，现在在QPI董事会任职。根据句意可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语This attitude和echo(附和)之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，且主语为单数，谓语be动词应用was。故填was echoed。
【6题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当你看着你看到的东西时，它可能是180度，可能是270度。分析句子结构，空处引导的是时间状语从句。根据从句中的looking at可知，这里表示延续性的动作，应用when或while引导。置于句首，首字母大写。故填When/While。
【7题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：Kester解释说，教会自己成为一个更好的倾听者不仅扩大了她的旅行感，而且帮助她在回家后重新体验旅行。分析句子结构，空处引导一个表语从句，且从句中主谓宾结构完整，这里表示方式，应用how。故填how。
【8题详解】
考查代词。句意：你再次沉浸在那个地方。根据句意，主语You和宾语指代的事同一人，所以宾语应用反身代词yourself。immerse oneself in意为“使某人自己沉浸在……中”。故填yourself。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：你重新创造了那些记忆，因此也重新创造了你的感觉，这些感觉很难清楚地表达出来。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为the feelings，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。
【10题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：当我闭上眼睛时，我能感觉到水喷在我的皮肤上，那种让耳朵带我去遥远冒险的感觉。空处应填情态动词。根据句意，这里表示能感觉到，再根据从句中的close可知，这里表示现在的状态，应用can。故填can。
2024·上海黄浦·二模
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections __21__ (absorb) in a device. That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention. It also changes your mood, your manner of walking and etc. — and affects your ability to get from point A to point B __22__ running into trouble.
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust __23__ you move. Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about 10 percent slower than those undistracted ones. These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk. And __24__ walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity, walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force __25__ (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that __26__ (get) these benefits, it’s important that your attention is on the environment, rather than on your phone.
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities, like Honolulu, __27__ (pass) laws to control distracted walkers. But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises. One study has looked at the connection between “phone-related distracted walking” and emergency department visits. Using government data __28__ (extend) over the years 2011 to 2019, the researchers turned up nearly 30,000 walking injuries occasioned by phones.
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting __29__ at some risk. So how do you stay safe If you do walk and use your device at the same time, stop when you’re around stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground, __30__ accidents are more likely to occur.
参考答案：21.were absorbed 22.without 23.how 24.if/since 25.placed
26.to get 27.have passed 28.extending 29.yourself 30.where
2024·上海普陀·二模
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
What If You’re Not Good at English
Researchers whose first language is not English can spend around twice as long reading an English scientific journal article as native speakers. For a PhD student, that can mean (21) ______ (spend) up to 19 additional working days per year just reading papers.
These statistics, (22) ______ (publish) today in PLOS Biology, might not be shocking, researchers say, but it’s important to measure the effects of language barriers on the careers of academics (23) ______ are not fluent in English. “It is the first step for the scientific community (24) ______ (make) more efforts to solve this problem”, says Tatsuya Amano, a biodiversity researcher at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, and a co-author of the study.
The team found that among scientists who had published only one paper in English, scientists from countries (25) ______ English is generally poor spent 29.8 percent more time writing papers than native English speakers; (26) ______ from countries with moderate English proficiency(能力) spent 50.6% more time. Similarly, the researchers found that people from countries with low English proficiency spent an average of 90.8 percent more time reading scientific articles (27) _______ native English speakers.
At conferences, even those who overcome obstacles face difficulties in presenting their work in English. Germana Barata, a researcher who (28) ______ (specialize) in science communication at the State University of Campinas in Brazil, says that despite being fluent in English, she still feels uncomfortable at times. “We (29) ______ (give) the same amount of time to present, but all that we can say in 10 minutes is different from (30) ______ a native speaker can say,” she points out.
Section A
21. spending 22. published 23. who/that 24. to make 25. where
26. those 27. than 28. specializes/is specialized 29. are given 30. what
2024·上海徐汇·二模
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A French bakery has become a tourist attraction in Nanping township, which is part of Zhuhai, a coastal city in Guangdong province.
Papa Romantic, located in Beishan community, attracts a large number of Chinese and foreigners alike. After (21) _______ (taste)the bakery's bread, some Chinese students who have returned from abroad have expressed admiration, while foreigners who lived in Zhuhai but moved to other Chinese cities such as Beijing (22) _______ (continue) to have bread and pastries from the shop (23) _______ (ship) to them.
The bakery is a welcoming environment for those who want to sit and enjoy authentic French cuisine.
On one side is a well-preserved old ancestral hall, and on the other side are lush trees that provide shade (24) _______ the sun. The shop has a bright storefront, and the aroma of the bread, the aluminum tables and the chairs under sun umbrellas display a peaceful atmosphere away from the hustle and bustle.
At Papa Romantic, the best-selling items include baguettes, croissants, sandwiches, crepes and cookies. In addition, some unique treats such as fig bread and colorful macrons are also popular among young customers.
Owner and baker Ronan Salaun, (25) _______ comes from the Brittany region of France, said the ingredients at his bakery (26) ______ (import), and he refuses to use chemicals or additives in his food.
(27) _______ his friends return to France, they know they need to bring him some crystal salt from a natural salt pond in France. The black pepper he uses comes from Madagascar.
"Simple things are important, and the quality of salt and pepper makes a big difference," Salaun said.
While remaining true to his French roots, he has also taken into consideration the dietary habits of Chinese people. "Chinese locals prefer soft crust bread, while French like the crusty one. I sell both kinds. I can't just maintain the original characteristics; I must adapt to locals' preferences," he said.
A former mechanical engineer, Salaun, was sent by a Hong Kong company to work at a furniture factory in Wanzai township, Zhuhai, in November 2000. He said he couldn't have imagined how much his life would change with that move.
At that time, Wanzai was a tiny town (28) _______ (border) Macao known for its flower trade.
For Salaun, life in Wanzai seemed simple and rustic. He remembers (29) _______ when he wanted to take a bath, he had to heat the water up with firewood and then transport the water in a bucket to the bathtub.
Although the living and working conditions were not as favorable as (30) ______ abroad, Salaun grew to love Zhuhai, which is located at the mouth of the Pearl River.
21. tasting 22. continue 23. shipped 24. from 25. who
26. are imported 27. Whenever/When 28. bordering 29. that 30. those
2024·上海松江·二模
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Remote Work Slows Senior Housing Market Recovery
With the rise of remote work, the market for senior housing has met with problems in its recovery. Only a few old people choose to live in senior-living communities （21）______the growing senior population and the cancelation of COVID-19 restrictions once making family visits difficult.（22）______ this trend suggests is that people’s shift to remote work contributes to the slow rebound of the senior housing market. That is, remote work is keeping many older Americans from moving into senior-living communities once warmly （23）______（welcome）.
When more adults began working remotely during the pandemic（流行病）, they were able to check in on aging parents easily —they （24）______ take care of their parents’ issues on short notice.
Experts have been analyzing the phenomenon in different ways. Some found that the greater flexibility to care for parents （25）______（mean） people’s delay in sending aged parents to expensive senior-housing accommodations. Therefore, markets with high levels of people working from home usually have lower senior-housing occupancy rates. Others said remote work might have some effect but also pointed to different factors. For instance, many seniors think that their family wallets are getting thinner, making some of them reluctant （26）______（send） to senior-living communities.
The age at which people enter senior housing is also increasing, （27）______serves as another sign that shows people are choosing to delay transitioning. The rising cost of senior living weighs heavily on that decision. The CPI （consumer-price index） for nursing homes and adult day services rose 4.5% last May compared with （28）______in May, 2022.
Still, many senior-housing operators are optimistic. When （29）______（illustrate） their point, they showed an increase in the number of people turning 80 years old over the following years and the actual wealth they have collected. Moreover, they find remote work arrangements are decreasing in some parts of the country, （30）______ employees there have seen their lowered productivity while working from home.
21．despite 22．What 23．welcomed 24．could 25．meant 26．to be sent
27．which 28．that 29．illustrating 30．because/since/as
2024·上海静安·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Beethov-hen’s first symphony
On a grey Friday morning at a Hawke’s Bay farm, members of New Zealand’s symphony orchestra dressed in black to perform their latest composition in front of a large crowd.
The music contained many marks of traditional classical music, but as it began, the instruments started to make loud, rough sounds more commonly ___1___ (hear) in chicken coops than in an auditorium.
However, no feathers were angered by this departure from tradition, ___2___ the audience that gathered to listen to the concert last week was, in fact, a couple of thousand chickens.
The piece of music – Chook Symphony No.1 – ___3___ (create) specifically for the birds out of an unlikely partnership between the orchestra and an organic free-range chicken farm which wanted a piece of chicken-friendly music to enrich its flocks’ lives.
“We’ve been playing classical music for the chickens for some years now because ___4___ is well researched that the music can calm the chickens down,” says Ben Bostock, one of the two brothers who ___5___ (own) the Bostock Brothers farm.
Research has shown animals can respond positively to classical music, and chickens are particularly responsive to baroque (巴洛克风格), according to some studies.
The composer, Hamish Oliver, ___6___ used the baroque tradition as a starting point and drew inspiration from composers such as Corelli, Bach, and Schnittke, wanted the piece to be playful by including sounds from a chicken’s world. “The trumpet imitates the chicken… the woodwind instruments are the cluckiest, especially if you take the reeds off.”
The early stages of composition were spent ___7___ (test) out which instruments and sounds the chickens responded to best.
“They didn’t like any big banging,” Bostock said, adding that when the birds respond positively to the music, they tend ___8___ (wander) farther among the trees. Bostock now hopes chicken farmers around the world will use the piece of music to calm their own birds.
For Oliver, having input from the farmers about ___9___ the chickens were responding to particular sounds and instruments was a highlight of the project.
The symphony has searched exhaustively ___10___ any other examples of orchestras making music specifically for chickens and believes this to be a world-first, says Peter Biggs, the orchestra’s chief executive.
【答案】1. heard
2. as##because
3. was created
4. it 5. own
6. who 7. testing
8. to wander
9. how 10. for
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了为鸡演奏古典音乐的研究和实践。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：音乐中包含了许多传统古典音乐的痕迹，但随着音乐的开始，乐器开始发出响亮而粗糙的声音，这种声音更常见于鸡舍而不是礼堂。分析句子可知，sounds为名词，空处修饰名词作定语，sounds与hear构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填heard。
【2题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，没有人对这种与传统的背离感到愤怒，因为上周聚集在一起听音乐会的观众实际上是几千只鸡。根据no feathers were angered by this departure from tradition（没有人对这种与传统的背离感到愤怒）及the audience that gathered to listen to the concert last week was, in fact, a couple of thousand chickens.（因为上周聚集在一起听音乐会的观众实际上是几千只鸡）可知，后面说明前文没有观众愤怒的原因，为原因状语从句，用从属连词as/because引导。故填as/because。
【3题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：这首名为《Chook Symphony No.1》的音乐是专门为鸡创作的，这是管弦乐队和一家有机自由养鸡场之间不太可能的合作关系，这家养鸡场想要一首对鸡友好的音乐来丰富鸡群的生活。分析句子可知，空处缺少该句的谓语，主语The piece of music与create为被动关系，且创造曲子这件事发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填was created。
【4题详解】
考查it的用法。句意：博斯托克兄弟农场的两兄弟之一本·博斯托克说：“我们给鸡放古典音乐已经有几年了，因为有充分的研究表明，音乐可以让鸡安静下来。”分析句子可知，that the music can calm the chickens down为句子的真正主语，后置，空处用it充当形式主语。故填it。
【5题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。分析句子可知，who引导限制性定语从句，先行词为brothers，复数，作从句的主语，结合句意可知，“拥有鸡舍”是客观事实，用一般现在时，动词用原形。故填own。
【6题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作曲家哈米什·奥利弗(Hamish Oliver)以巴洛克传统为出发点，从科雷利(Corelli)、巴赫(Bach)和施尼特克(Schnittke)等作曲家那里汲取灵感，他希望这首曲子能通过加入鸡的世界的声音而变得有趣。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Hamish Oliver，表示人，关系词作从句主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作曲的早期阶段是用来测试鸡对哪种乐器和声音反应最好。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定短语，空处应用动名词。故填testing。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：博斯托克说：“它们不喜欢大的撞击声。”他补充说，当鸟儿对音乐做出积极反应时，它们往往会在树林里飞得更远。tend to do意思为：往往，倾向于做，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to wander。
【9题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：对奥利弗来说，从农民那里了解鸡对特定声音和乐器的反应是这个项目的一大亮点。分析句子可知，空处前面为介词about，其后为宾语从句，从句主要成分完整，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何作出反应”，用how引导。故填how。
【10题详解】
考查介词。句意：交响乐团首席执行官彼得 比格斯(Peter Biggs)说，交响乐团已经竭尽全力寻找其他乐团专门为鸡创作音乐的例子，并相信这是世界上第一次。search for为固定短语，意思为：寻找。故填for。
2024·上海虹口·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
No Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones
“Please, no flash photography.”
Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t discourage people from taking photos of (21) _________ they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places (22) _________ people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least.
The patent, (23) _________ (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command (24) _________ (block) the user from taking any photos or videos.
Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows (25) _________ they object to the free footage circulating around the web. (26) _________ this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent (27) _________ (introduce) into iPhone software, with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening.
But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to (28) _________ with more immoral intentions.
Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’ devices, it’s possible that Apple just (29) _________ (patent) the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to avoid (30) _________ (use) the prohibitive software.
21. what(ever)/something/anything 22. where 23. awarded 24. to block
25. because/as/since 26. Despite 27. is introduced 28. someone/those
29. has patented/patented 30. using
2024·上海宝山·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Imagine you are out fishing on the high seas - the wind and water are clean and comfortable and you begin bringing up your first catch of the day. That's when everything goes wrong. Your fishing nets are tangled up (缠成一团) in older, abandoned fishing tool, and you're unable to untangle them. Your equipment (21) _____ (ruin), and all of the fish you have worked so hard to catch are trapped. They will die (22) _____ you are unable to draw or free them. Ghost fishing has claimed yet another victim.
Ghost fishing is what abandoned fishing tool does. It still catches fish, but no one benefits. Trapped fish die and attract scavengers (清道夫) (23) _____ also get caught, creating a vicious cycle. In fact, lost fishing tool, or "ghost tool," is among (24) _____ (great) killers in the oceans. This tool further reduces the already declining number of fish.
Environmental agencies estimate that 10 percent of all seawater litter is lost or deserted fishing tool (25) _____ (equal) 640,000 tons every year. Fortunately, these agencies are asking why this is happening and what (26) _____ be done to stop it.
It's not the intention of the majority of fishermen to lose their tool. In most circumstances bad weather is to blame. But in other cases fishermen throw their tool in the ocean on purpose, risking expensive fines. But to them, it's worth the risk (27) _____ (free) up space onboard, cut fuel costs or avoid paying handling fees. (28) _____ equipment loss is accidental or not, a strategy involving tool identification seems to be a practical solution.
By marking tool with electronic tags and utilizing GPS technology, owners are more likely to recover lost tool and less likely to abandon it. Currently, ownership regulations are reportedly very weak. Leading the effort for tagging fishing tool and creating accountability is the GGTI(Global Ghost Tool Initiative). (29) _____ (launch) in 2015, the GGTI is the first organization of its kind. It's brought together an organization of governments, fishing-industry executives, seafood companies and non-profits. Their efforts to get back and recycle the tool (30) _____ (improve) marine environment, protecting fish and fishermen's way of life.
Ghost fishing poses a serious threat to the fishing industry worldwide, and a global effort is needed to solve it.
21. is ruined 22. as 23. which 24. the greatest 25. equaling
26.can 27. to free 28. Whether 29. Launched 30. will improve
2024·上海奉贤·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Are You Ready to Hug a Robot
Getting hugged tends to be a powerful positive emotional experience. Hugs have been shown to enhance social bonding and emotional well-being. However, not everyone can get a hug (21)______ they need one. Some people are lonely and do not have anyone to hug them. Others may be in long-distance relationships (22)______ it is not easy to get physical affection from their partner. In this case, they (23)______ receive fewer hugs than they like.
How can this problem be solved (24)______ scientists have proposed is to develop hug robots. This could offer lonely people the positive effects of getting hugged without the need (25)______(seek) a person who could hug them. Nevertheless, designing a hug robot is not an easy task. For example, if the robot is very large and made mostly of metal, people might be frightened of it, (26)______ happily hugging it. Therefore, psychological research is needed.
A new study, which (27)______(publish) in International Journal recently, focuses on the development of Moffuly-II, a newly developed hug robot, which can move its arms to perform different small gestures during the hug. When two people hug, they often do specific things with their hands, such as clapping the (28)______(hug)person on the back to signal sympathy. It is important that a hug robot can perform similar gestures, too. In the study, the scientists wanted to know whether these gestures would make a robot hug (29)______(appealing). Volunteers who Moffully-Il hugged generally preferred hugs with gestures to gesture-less hugs. They felt that the robot was more friendly when(30)______(perform) gestures.
The findings of the study indicate that it is possible to design a robot that people enjoy to hug. Details matter here, as the intra-hug gestures played a significant role in determining how much the human volunteers enjoyed the hug.
语法：
21. whenever/when 22. where/so 23. may/might 24. What
25. to seek 26. instead of/rather than 27. has been published 28. hugged 29. more appealing 30. performing
2024·上海青浦·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Number of Steps a Day It Takes to Cut Risk of Early Death
New research suggests exactly how many steps you need to take each day to reduce the risk of heart disease and early death. If you (21) _____ (fail) in your pursuit of walking 10,000 steps a day — researchers have some good news for you.
They found walking up to 10,000 steps a day reduces these risks. The lowest risk of early death was (22) _____ people who took 9,000 to 10,500 steps a day. When it came to avoiding heart attack, people (23) _____ (manage) around 9,700 steps a day had the lowest risks.
Experts have previously found people who spend a lot of time sitting while awake are more likely (24) _____ (suffer) an early death and develop heart disease. It has been unclear (25) _____ walking can balance out the effects of sitting down for most of the day — until now.
A study, published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, analysed data from 72,174 people (26) _____ (age) around 61 from UK. Participants wore a device for seven days to measure their exercise levels. After a seven-year follow-up, 1,633 deaths and 6,190 cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events, such as heart attack, were recorded. The results showed any amount of daily steps above 2,200 a day were linked to lower death and heart disease — (27) _____ _____ the rest of the day was spent being inactive.
Julie Ward, a senior nurse in the U.K., said, “We encourage people to stay active for (28) _____ heart and circulatory health by doing 150 minutes of moderate exercise a week. “This can be any activity (29) _____ fits into your lifestyle, such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen, going to the gym, enjoying exercise classes, or even getting off the bus one stop (30) _____ (early) to get more steps in.”
21. fail/have failed 22. among/in/for 23. managing 24. to suffer
25. whether 26. aged 27. even if/even though 28. their
29. that 30. earlier
2024·上海闵行·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time, he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page-turner. “___21___ not being a trained musician, I’ve learned to read music to assist Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but ___22___ (act) as the group’s official page-turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score. In this way, the musicians don’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it ___23___. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
Being a page-turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music ___24___ go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 pages of turns, including back turns for repeat passages. ___25___ matters is onstage communication. Each pianist has their own style of “nodding” ___26___ ( indicate) a page turn that they need to practise with their page-turner.
But like all performances, there are moments ___27___ things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily, I was able to catch them and put them back.”
___28___ most page-turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“Sometimes my husband is not an attentive page-turner. He’s interested in the music, ___29___ (feel) every note, but I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ ” she laughed. “But Robert is ___30___ (qualified) page-turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
【答案】21. Despite
22. has acted##has been acting
23. themselves
24. can##may##might
25. What 26. to indicate
27. when 28. Although##Though##While
29. feeling
30. the most qualified
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是欧米茄集团的主席Robert Titterton作为钢琴翻页者的趣事。
【21题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管我不是一个训练有素的音乐家，但我学会了读谱来帮助玛丽亚表演。由句意及空后的not being a trained musician可知此处应填介词despite，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Despite。
【22题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：蒂特顿先生是欧米茄集团的主席，但在过去的四年里，他一直是欧米茄集团的官方翻页者。空处为谓语动词，由时间状语for the past four years可知此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，表示“过去动作对现在造成的影响”或者“过去的动作持续到现在而且还将继续持续下去”。故填has acted/has been acting。
【23题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：这样，音乐家们就不必自己动手来破坏声音的流动。由句意及空前的the musicians don’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it 可知此处应填反身代词themselves，指代the musicians ，作宾语。故填themselves。
【24题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：有些音乐（可能）长达40分钟，需要翻唱多达50页，包括重复段落的翻唱。由句意此处表示 “（可）能 ”，应用表示推测的情态动词can/may/might。故填can/may/might。
【25题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：重要的是台上的交流。此处为主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，应用连接代词what，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。
【26题详解】
考查不定式。句意：每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”的风格来表示他们需要用翻页器练习的翻页。空处应填非谓语动词，由句意此处应填不定式形式，作目的状语。故填to indicate。
【27题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但就像所有的表演一样，也有出错的时候。此处为定语从句，先行词为moments，从句缺少时间 状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。
【28题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然大多数翻页者都是钢琴学生或崭露头角的音乐会钢琴家，但拉斯波娃女士曾经请她的丈夫在舞台上帮助她。由句意此处为让步状语从句，且空处位于句首，应用引导词Although/Though/While。故填Although/Though/While。
【29题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他对音乐很感兴趣，感受每一个音符，但我不得不说:“翻，翻！”她笑着说。空处为非谓语动词，He 与feel之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作伴随状语。故填feeling。
【30题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：“但罗伯特是我这辈子遇到的最合格的翻页者。”由句意及空后的I’ve had in my entire life可知此处意为“最合格的”，应用形容词最高级形式the most qualified。故填the most qualified。
2024·上海金山·二模
Section A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
DNA analysis reveals two waves of migration
The results of the study, published in the Science Bulletin, revealed two major migration waves in history. In this pioneering study, scientists from Fudan University (21) ______ (dig) into the ancient DNA of individuals buried in Gansu province, revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating back over 12 centuries. The research employed ancient DNA data (22) ______ (explore) human migration along the Hexi Corridor.
The Hexi Corridor, was a narrow yet crucial link (23) ______ (connect) the heartland of ancient China to the Western Territory. Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dotted with cities (24) ______ (found) along short rivers.
Historical documents attest (证实) to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads (25)_______ Western and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade, religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty.
(26) ______ technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration, archaeologists are increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples. Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan University’s Institute of Archaeological Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data (27) ______ the teeth and bones found at two sites near Dunhuang.
The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers (异常样本) dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang. Further examination revealed one had approximately 50 percent western Eurasian ancestry and (28) ______ ______ 30 percent, suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local men.
(29) ______ the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations. Experts said the second major migration period (30) ______ (mark) by a significant shift in the gene pool. Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from 138 BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road.
21. dug/ have dug 22. to explore 23. connecting 24. founded 25. where
26. As 27. from 28. the other 29. What 30. was marked
2024·上海嘉定·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Day I Survived
It had been raining buckets that week, and authorities had issued a flood warning, though not for where I was. Still, I had placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door just in case.
As I was drifting off to sleep, I suddenly heard the sound of rushing water, （21）___I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. When I（22）___（swing）my legs off the bed, I was shocked by the sensation of cold water lapping against my knees and rising fast.
（23）___（feel）my way in the darkness, I grabbed my phone and turned on the flashlight. As I stepped out of my bedroom, water was shooting through the gaps of the garden door. The water （24）___have gone over the sandbags, I thought. All around me, my things began to float: chairs, bookshelves, and pieces of my drum set.
I heard the garden door starting to break down （25）___the pressure of the flood, and the water was now up to my waist. I began to panic. In bare feet and with my shorts（26）____（glue）to my body, I started to walk to my only escape: the door that leads upstairs.
I struggled to the door and tried to pull it open, but the force of the water wouldn't let me do so. I looked around and grabbed a broom （27）___was floating behind me. Using it to pry（撬） open the door, I managed to make a gap of about a foot, just wide enough （28）___（force）myself through. Finally, I made it outside. If I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned. The entire neighborhood was destroyed by the flood.
Later, we（29）___（assure）that something like this happens only once every 100 years. I hope so. It pains me to see （30）___was once a lovely, cozy street now turns into a waterscape.
Grammar:
21.as if 22.swung 23.Fccling 24.must 25.undcr 26.glucd 27.that/which
28.to forcc 29.have been assured /are assured 30.what
2024·上海长宁·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Bob’s problems began during his formative years. His parents got divorced when he was young, and neither of his parents wanted to raise him or his brother and sister, so he ___1___ (bring) up by a foster family chosen by a social worker in the community.
Unfortunately, his foster father was a strict authoritarian and often beat him. Bob rebelled against this strict upbringing, and by the time he was eight years old, he ___2___ (run) wild, stealing from shops and playing truant. When he reached adolescence, sometime around his thirteenth birthday, he had already appeared in court several times, charged ___3___ juvenile crimes. The judge blamed his foster parents, ___4___ (explain) that children needed responsible parents and guardians who would look after them properly. The foster father didn’t agree with the judge and objected to this, pointing out that Bob’s two brothers and sister were well-adjusted children who behaved at home and worked well at school.
This has raised some interesting questions about the modern family system. ___5___ it is true that parents should not be too lenient with children by letting them do ___6___ they want, ___7___ too over-protective by sheltering them from the realities of life, it is also true that they should not be too strict. It has also highlighted the disadvantages of the modern nuclear family ___8___ the child has only its mother and father to rely on or the single-parent family, in which the mother or father has to struggle particularly hard ___9___ (support) their dependents.
In fact, many people believe that we ___10___ return to traditional family values and the extended family: extensive research has shown that children from these families are generally better behaved and have a better chance of success in later life.
【答案】1. was brought
2. had run##ran
3. with 4. explaining
5. While##Although##Though
6. what##whatever
7. or 8. where
9. to support
10. should##will##would##must
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章以Bob为例提出了一些关于现代家庭制度的有趣问题，也突出了现代小家庭的缺点，很多人认为我们应该回归传统的家庭价值观和大家庭。
【1题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他的父母在他很小的时候就离婚了，他的父母都不想抚养他和他的兄弟姐妹，所以他被一个社区的社会工作者选择的寄养家庭抚养长大。主语he和动词短语bring up之间是被动关系，结合前句中的wanted可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was brought。
【2题详解】
考查过去完成时/一般过去时。句意：Bob对这种严格的教育方式很不服气，八岁的时候，他开始疯狂，从商店里偷东西，还逃学。结合时间状语by the time he was eight years old可知，此处用过去完成时，也可用一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作，故填had run/ran。
【3题详解】
考查介词。句意：当他进入青春期时，大约在他13岁生日的时候，他已经多次出现在法庭上，被指控犯有青少年罪。(be) charged with“负……责任，受……指控”，固定搭配，故填with。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：法官指责他的养父母，解释说孩子需要负责任的父母和监护人来妥善照顾他们。动词explain和逻辑主语The judge之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填explaining。
【5题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然父母不应该对孩子过于宽容，让他们做自己想做的事，不应该过于保护他们，让他们远离现实生活，但他们也不应该过于严格。结合句意可知，此处表示让步关系，用while/although/though引导让步状语从句，首字母应大写，故填While/Although/Though。
【6题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what或whatever(无论什么)引导，故填what/whatever。
【7题详解】
考查连词。句意同上。空后的too over-protective和前文too lenient之间是并列关系，表示“父母不应该对孩子过于宽容，也不应该过于保护他们”，且此处是否定句，用连词or连接，故填or。
【8题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它还突出了现代核心家庭的缺点，在这种家庭中，儿童只能依靠母亲和父亲;在单亲家庭中，母亲或父亲必须特别努力地养活他们的受抚养人。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the modern nuclear family，关系词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
【9题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to support。
【10题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：事实上，许多人认为我们应该/将会/必须回归传统的家庭价值观和大家庭：广泛的研究表明，这些家庭的孩子通常表现得更好，在以后的生活中有更大的成功机会。结合下文“extensive research has shown that children from these families are generally better behaved and have a better chance of success in later life.”可知，传统的大家庭的孩子通常表现得更好，在以后的生活中有更大的成功机会，此处使用情态动词should“应该”，will表示将来的事情、would表示说话人的意愿，语气较委婉以及must“必须”均可，故填should/will/would/must。
2024·上海崇明·二模
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Grand Chinese New Year Celebration Held in London
More than 700,000 people in London joined in a celebration on February 11 organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association to welcome the Year of the Dragon.
The celebration was claimed by the organizers (21) _____ (be) the largest Chinese New Year event outside Asia. It started at 10 am with a diverse parade featuring dragon dances and displays of traditional Chinese costumes. The parade started from the east of Trafalgar Square and concluded on Shaftesbury Avenue in Chinatown.
During the parade, significant attention (22) _____ (capture) by the traditional Chinese Puning Yingge folk dance, a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in China. The group of 16 dancers, originating from the Chaoshan region in South China’s Guangdong province, (23) _____ the art form originated, offered a sensory cultural feast (盛宴) to the people of the United Kingdom.
At noon, the event reached its climax on the center stage in Trafalgar Square, with notable figures from China and Britain participating in the eye-dotting ceremony of two lions, symbolically (24) _____ (awaken) them. (25) _____ the lions were awakened, they performed a lively flying dance. Performers (26) _____ (hide) under the costumes jumped up and down on 3-meter-high poles, drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds.
Zheng Zeguang, China’s ambassador (大使) to the UK, (27) _____ (address) the attendees at Trafalgar Square. He expressed gratitude to the organizers and artists for making (28) _____ possible for the event to happen, and extended warm wishes of good fortune and advance for the Year of the Dragon.
Sadiq Khan, mayor of London, spoke highly of the contributions of Londoners of Chinese origin. “One of the reasons why London is the greatest city in the world is (29) _____ Londoners of Chinese origin have been making contributions to the city,” he said. The mayor also warned (30) _____ trying to “discourage” friendships between China and the UK.
In addition to the lively parade and stage performances, there were cultural workshops, interactive games, and food stands set up around Trafalgar Square.
21. to be 22. was captured 23. where 24. awakening 25. After/When/As/Once
26. hidden 27. addressed 28. it 29. that 30. against

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