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黄浦区2024年高考模拟考
英 语 试 卷
(完成试卷时间：120分钟 总分：140分)
第I卷(共100分)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections ___21___ (absorb) in a device. That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention. It also changes your mood, your manner of walking and etc. — and affects your ability to get from point A to point B ___22___ running into trouble.
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust ___23___ you move. Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about 10 percent slower than those undistracted ones. These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk. And ___24___ walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity, walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force ___25___ (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that ___26___ (get) these benefits, it’s important that your attention is on the environment, rather than on your phone.
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities, like Honolulu, ___27___ (pass) laws to control distracted walkers. But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises. One study has looked at the connection between “phone-related distracted walking” and emergency department visits. Using government data ___28___ (extend) over the years 2011 to 2019, the researchers turned up nearly 30,000 walking injuries occasioned by phones.
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting ___29___ at some risk. So how do you stay safe If you do walk and use your device at the same time, stop when you’re around stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground, ____30____ accidents are more likely to occur.
【答案】21. were absorbed
22. without
23. how 24. if##since
25. placed 26. to get
27. have passed
28. extending
29. yourself
30. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在任何一个拥挤的人行道上，你都会看到人们低下头，眼睛向下看。最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。短语be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于……”，此处主句found可知为一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，主语为a quarter of people，谓语用复数。故填were absorbed。
【22题详解】
考查介词。句意：它还会改变你的情绪，你走路的方式等等，并影响你从A点到B点而不遇到麻烦的能力。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不”应用介词without。故填without。
【23题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：当你一边走路一边使用手机时，你会自动调整你的移动方式。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故填how。
【24题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：如果/既然步行占你日常体育活动的很大一部分，那么走得慢一点可能会对你的健康产生影响。此处可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if；或理解为原因状语从句，表示“既然”用since。故填if/since。
【25题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：走路时低头看智能手机也会增加施加在脖子和上背部肌肉上的力量，这会降低平衡能力，增加跌倒的风险。此处place与force构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填placed。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：看来，为了获得这些好处，你的注意力应该放在环境上，而不是手机上。此处get在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to get。
【27题详解】
考查时态。句意：一些城市，如檀香山，已经通过了法律来控制分心的行人。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响用现在完成时，主语为cities，助动词用have。故填have passed。
【28题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用2011年至2019年政府数据，发现了近3万起由手机引起的步行损伤。此处extend与date构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填extending。
【29题详解】
考查代词。句意：如果你被手机分散了注意力，你肯定会把自己置于危险之中。结合语境，此处指“你自己”应用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。
【30题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果你一边走路一边使用电子设备，在楼梯、人行横道和杂乱或不平整的地面附近停下来，因为这些地方更容易发生事故。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. convincing B. disinformation C. hazards D. illogical E. maintain F. preview G. publicly H. racing I. response J. speed K. seemingly
OpenAI Unveils A.I. that Instantly Generates Eye-Popping Videos
Last April, a New York start-up called Runway AI revealed technology that let people generate videos. The four-second videos were shadowy and disturbing. But they were a clear sign that artificial intelligence technologies would generate increasingly ___31___ videos sooner. Just 10 months later, OpenAI has revealed a similar system, Sora, that creates videos that look as if they were lifted from a Hollywood movie.
OpenAI is among the many companies ___32___ to improve this kind of instant video generator. The technology could ___33___ the work of experienced moviemakers. It could also become a quick and inexpensive way of creating online ___34___, making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet.
In an interview, the team behind the technology said the company was not yet releasing Sora to the public because it was still working to understand the system’s ___35___. The intention here is to give a(n) ___36___ of what is likely to happen soon, so that people can see the capabilities of this technology.
Like other generative A.I. technologies, OpenAI’s system learns by analyzing digital data — in this case, videos and subtitles describing what those videos contain. OpenAI declined to say how many videos the system learned from or where they came from, except to say the training included both ___37___ available videos and videos that were licensed from copyright holders. The company says little about the data used to train its technologies, most likely because it wants to ___38___ an advantage over competitors.
Sora generates videos in ___39___ to short descriptions. Though the videos can be impressive, they may include strange and ___40___ images. The system, for example, recently generated a video of someone eating a cookie — but the cookie never got any smaller.
【答案】31. A 32. H
33. J 34. B
35. C 36. F
37. G 38. E
39. I 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了OpenAI推出即时生成令人瞠目结舌视频的人工智能，这项技术可以加快经验丰富的电影制作人的工作速度。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但它们清楚地表明，人工智能技术将更快地制作出越来越有说服力的视频。根据“Just 10 months later, OpenAI has revealed a similar system, Sora, that creates videos that look as if they were lifted from a Hollywood movie.(仅仅10个月后，OpenAI就发布了一个类似的系统Sora，它可以制作看起来像是从好莱坞电影中摘取的视频)”以及句意“有说服力的”可知应填形容词convincing，作定语修饰名词videos。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：OpenAI是众多竞相改进这种即时视频生成器的公司之一。根据“to improve this kind of instant video generator”以及句意“竞相”可知应填现在分词racing，作定语修饰名词companies。故选H。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：这项技术可以加快经验丰富的电影制作人的工作速度。根据“It could also become a quick and inexpensive way”以及句意“加快”可知应填动词speed，且could后跟动词原形。故选J。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：它还可能成为一种快速而廉价的制造网络虚假信息的方式，使人们更难在互联网上分辨什么是真实的。根据“making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet”以及句意“虚假信息”可知应填名词disinformation，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：在一次采访中，该技术背后的团队表示，该公司尚未向公众发布Sora，因为它仍在努力了解该系统的危害。根据“making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet”以及句意“危害”可知应填复数名词hazards，作宾语。故选C。
36题详解】
考查名词。句意：这里的目的是对可能很快发生的事情进行预览，以便人们可以看到这项技术的功能。根据“so that people can see the capabilities of this technology”以及句意“预览”可知应填名词preview，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故选F。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：OpenAI拒绝透露该系统从多少视频中学习，也不愿透露这些视频来自哪里，只是说培训包括公开可用的视频和从版权所有者那里获得许可的视频。根据“available videos and videos that were licensed from copyright holders”以及句意“公开”可知应填副词publicly，修饰形容词available。故选G。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：该公司很少提及用于培训其技术的数据，很可能是因为它希望保持对竞争对手的优势。根据“an advantage over competitors”以及句意“保持”可知应填动词maintain，为不定式作宾语。故选E。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：Sora根据简短的描述生成视频。根据“”以及句意“根据”可知应填名词response，作宾语。故选I。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然这些视频可能令人印象深刻，但它们可能包含奇怪和不合逻辑的图像。根据“strange”以及句意“不合逻辑的”可知应填形容词illogical，修饰名词images。故选D。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
My father decided to start learning French when he was 57. On the surface, his retirement hobby seems a little random — our family has no connection to French-speaking countries — but his ___41___ ran deeper than a passion for cakes. My grandmother developed signs of Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔兹海默症) in her early 70s, and studies suggest that being bilingual, that is, being able to speak two languages equally well, can ___42___ the start of the condition by up to five years. Drawn by that ___43___ benefit, many people have attempted to pick up a new language in adulthood.
Lots of activities are linked to better brain health in old age, like getting more education when you’re younger and physical activity. Experts say regularly speaking multiple languages may be especially ___44___ though. “We use language in all aspects of daily life, so a bilingual brain is ___45___ working,” said Mark Antoniou, a professor at Western Sydney University who specializes in bilingualism.
The age at which you learn another language appears to be less important than how ___46___ you speak it. The cognitive (认知的) benefit is from having to ___47___ your mother tongue, which your brain is forced to do if you’re trying to recall the right words in another language. So if the second language is used a lot, you’re getting that cognitive ___48___. That process is called cognitive inhibition. In theory, by improving these types of processes, the brain becomes stronger to the ___49___ caused by diseases like dementia. The stronger your mental power, the thinking goes, the longer you can function normally, even if your brain health starts to ___50___.
However, evidence for the benefits of learning a second language as a hobby in your 60s is ___51___. Research by Dr. Antoniou and colleagues found that while Chinese adults 60 and up improved on cognition tests after a six-month language learning program, people who played games like Sudoku did as well. Two more recent studies on the topic found virtually no ___52___ in cognitive performance after people took part in language-learning programs.
The scientists who conducted those studies offered a few potential ___53___. One is that the participants were highly motivated volunteers, who may have already been at peak performance for their age, making it hard to see any ___54___. Another is that the language interventions were perhaps too short. The handful of studies looking into the issue have used language lessons that were very different in their ___55___ and frequency. Some studies taught participants for eight months, others for just one very intense week.
41. A. affection B. contribution C. motivation D. struggle
42. A. delay B. prevent C. signal D. stimulate
43. A. additional B. educational C. lasting D. potential
44. A. beneficial B. common C. impractical D. rare
45. A. carelessly B. constantly C. creatively D. delicately
46. A. long B. often C. soon D. well
47. A. command B. practice C. restrict D. spread
48. A. function B. psychology C. system D. training
49. A. damages B. operations C. pains D. signs
50. A. decline B. improve C. matter D. restore
51. A. available B. mounting C. stronger D. weaker
52. A. difference B. involvement C. point D. reduction
53. A. applications B. explanations C. findings D. suggestions
54. A. diversities B. improvements C. outcomes D. possibilities
55. A. content B. intention C. length D. requirement
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了能说两种语言，可以将痴呆症发病时间推迟至多5年，由于这种潜在的好处，许多人试图在成年后学习一门新的语言。专家表示，经常说多种语言可能特别有益。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从表面上看，他的退休爱好似乎有点随意——我们家与法语国家没有任何联系——但他的动机比对蛋糕的热爱更深层次。A. affection喜爱；B. contribution贡献；C. motivation动机；D. struggle努力。根据上文“My father decided to start learning French when he was 57.(我父亲在57岁时决定开始学习法语)”可知，此处指父亲学习法语的动机比对蛋糕的热爱更深层次。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母在70岁出头时出现了阿尔茨海默氏症的迹象，研究表明，会说双语，也就是能说两种语言，可以将这种疾病的发病时间推迟至多5年。A. delay推迟；B. prevent阻止；C. signal示意；D. stimulate激励。根据后文“benefit, many people have attempted to pick up a new language in adulthood”可知，此处指研究表明，会说双语，也就是能说两种语言，可以将这种疾病的发病时间推迟至多5年。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于这种潜在的好处，许多人试图在成年后学习一门新的语言。A. additional附加的；B. educational教育的；C. lasting持久的；D. potential潜在的。结合上文提到研究表明，会说双语，也就是能说两种语言，可以将痴呆症的发病时间推迟至多5年，所以是潜在的好处，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：专家表示，经常说多种语言可能特别有益。A. beneficial有益的；B. common共同的；C. impractical不明智的；D. rare罕见的。根据上文“Lots of activities are linked to better brain health in old age, like getting more education when you’re younger and physical activity.(许多活动都与老年时更好的大脑健康有关，比如年轻时接受更多的教育和体育锻炼)”提到了许多活动都与老年时更好的大脑健康有关，比如年轻时接受更多的教育和体育锻炼，而专家表示经常说多种语言可能特别有益。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：西悉尼大学专门研究双语的教授马克·安东尼奥说：“我们在日常生活的各个方面都使用语言，所以双语大脑一直在工作。”A. carelessly马虎地；B. constantly不断地；C. creatively创造性地；D. delicately微妙地。根据上文“We use language in all aspects of daily life, so a bilingual brain is”指会说双语的大脑一直在工作。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你学习另一门语言的年龄似乎没有你说这门语言的频率重要。A. long长地；B. often经常；C. soon很快；D. well好地。根据上文“regularly speaking”可知，学习另一门语言的年龄似乎没有你说这门语言的频率重要。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：认知上的好处是必须限制你的母语，如果你试图用另一种语言回忆正确的单词，你的大脑就会被迫这样做。A. command命令；B. practice练习；C. restrict限制；D. spread传播。根据后文“your mother tongue, which your brain is forced to do if you’re trying to recall the right words in another language”可知，如果你试图用另一种语言回忆正确的单词，你的大脑就会被迫限制说你的母语。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以如果经常使用第二语言，你就会得到认知训练。A. function功能；B. psychology心理学；C. system系统；D. training训练。根据上文“if the second language is used a lot, you’re getting that cognitive”可知，如果经常使用第二语言，你就会得到认知训练。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从理论上讲，通过改善这些类型的过程，大脑会变得更强大，以抵御痴呆症等疾病造成的损害。A. damages破坏；B. operations运作；C. pains痛苦；D. signs迹象。根据后文“caused by diseases like dementia”指痴呆症等疾病造成的损害。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种想法认为，你的精神力量越强大，即使你的大脑健康状况开始下降，你也能正常工作的时间越长。A. decline下降；B. improve改善；C. matter重要；D. restore恢复。根据后文“The stronger your mental power, the thinking goes, the longer you can function normally, even if your brain health starts to”中even if表示让步，可知你的精神力量越强大，即使你的大脑健康状况开始下降，你也能正常工作的时间越长。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于60多岁的人来说，将学习第二语言作为一种爱好有好处的证据并不明显。A. available可用的；B. mounting上升的；C. stronger更强壮的；D. weaker较弱的。根据后文“Research by Dr. Antoniou and colleagues found that while Chinese adults 60 and up improved on cognition tests after a six-month language learning program, people who played games like Sudoku did as well.(安东尼奥博士及其同事的研究发现，虽然60岁及以上的中国成年人在接受了六个月的语言学习项目后，在认知测试中有所提高，但玩数独等游戏的人也有同样的表现)”可知，研究表明对于60多岁的人来说，将学习第二语言作为一种爱好有好处的证据并不明显。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近关于这个话题的两项研究发现，参加语言学习项目后，人们的认知表现几乎没有什么不同。A. difference差异；B. involvement参与；C. point要点；D. reduction减少。上文提到对于60多岁的人来说，将学习第二语言作为一种爱好有好处的证据并不明显，即人们的认知表现几乎没有什么不同。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：进行这些研究的科学家提供了一些可能的解释。A. applications应用；B. explanations解释；C. findings发现；D. suggestions建议。后文“Another is that the language interventions were perhaps too short.(另一个原因是语言干预可能太短了)”主要给出了这一现象的两种解释。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一是参与者都是非常积极的志愿者，他们的表现可能已经达到了同龄人的最高水平，因此很难看到任何改善。A. diversities多样性；B. improvements改善；C. outcomes结果；D. possibilities可能性。根据上文“the participants were highly motivated volunteers, who may have already been at peak performance for their age”可知，参与者都是非常积极的志愿者，他们的表现可能已经达到了同龄人的最高水平，因此很难看到任何改善。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：调查这个问题的少数研究使用了在长度和频率上都大不相同的语言课程。A. content内容；B. intention意图；C. length长度；D. requirement要求。根据上文“Another is that the language interventions were perhaps too short.(另一个原因是语言干预可能太短了)”可知，此处指使用在长度和频率上都大不相同的语言课程。故选C。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
A
My son, Ben, died when he was 23. The year after his death, I hiked 48 of the state’s tallest mountains in his memory. Every step, path and peak has been a way to restore.
About a month after his death, my husband and I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight, sorrow weighing heavy in our hearts and legs. Standing on the peak, I looked out across the mountains my son loved. For a moment, the heavy blow brought about by Ben’s death faded into the timeless expanse, and I could breathe.
The next weekend found us on Mount Moosilauke. Then Mount Cannon, Mount Flume, Mount Liberty and so on. It was a series of firsts, of struggles and overcoming them — climbing at night, climbing slides and rocks, camping alone, finding paths and planning routes.
Six days before the anniversary of Ben’s death, I hiked my 48th and final peak: Mount Carrigain. As I stood on the observation platform at the peak, I found the essential truth I had been grasping to express for months: The only place that feels vast enough to hold sorrow this deep and wide is the top of a mountain, looking out into forever.
These days, I hike not to hide, but to seek. I find Ben, but I also find myself: someone broken, now braver and more capable. The forced isolation of sorrow becomes the welcome loneliness of the path; the peace of nature replaces the pain of loss. Hiking is both exhausting and exciting, and it teaches us that sorrow and joy can coexist.
But there’s another, possibly more important truth: A hike is not the only way to find the peace of the natural world; a simple walk along a park path can have a similar effect. The internal journey of sorrow mixes with our steps, and we find comfort along the way.
56. How did the writer feel after climbing Carter Dome and Mount Hight
A. Doubtful. B. Relieved. C. Sad. D. Terrified.
57. After hiking the 48 peaks, the writer learned that __________.
A. it was possible to live with both sorrow and joy
B. it was the isolation of sorrow that exhausted her
C. only by overcoming struggles could one survive
D. the peaks were proper places to remember someone
58. What does the writer imply in the last paragraph
A. Walking works best for those in sorrow. B. We can plan our internal journey as intended.
C. What counts is to make peace with ourselves. D. People tend to hike in parks to seek comfort.
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. The Heavy Steps That Led Me To Peaks B. The Mountains That Held My Sorrow
C. The Journeys That Frustrated Me D. The First Struggles That Empowered Me
【答案】56. B 57. A 58. C 59. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在儿子去世后开始攀登山峰，攀登的过程让作者了解到生活中可以既悲伤又快乐，重要的是与自己和平相处。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“For a moment, the heavy blow brought about by Ben’s death faded into the timeless expanse, and I could breathe.(有那么一瞬间，本的死给我带来的沉重打击消失在永恒的浩瀚中，我可以呼吸了)”可知，爬完卡特山和海特山后，作者感到松了一口气。故选B。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“As I stood on the observation platform at the peak, I found the essential truth I had been grasping to express for months: The only place that feels vast enough to hold sorrow this deep and wide is the top of a mountain, looking out into forever.(当我站在山顶的观景台上时，我发现了几个月来我一直想表达的一个基本真理：唯一一个让我觉得足够大的地方，可以容纳这么深、这么宽的悲伤，就是山顶，俯瞰永远)”可知，在攀登了48座山峰之后，作者了解到生活中可以既悲伤又快乐。故选A。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But there’s another, possibly more important truth: A hike is not the only way to find the peace of the natural world; a simple walk along a park path can have a similar effect. The internal journey of sorrow mixes with our steps, and we find comfort along the way.(但还有另一个可能更重要的事实：徒步旅行并不是找到自然世界宁静的唯一途径；沿着公园的小路散步也有类似的效果。内心的悲伤伴随着我们的脚步，我们在途中找到了安慰)”可知，作者在最后一段暗示了重要的是与自己和平相处。故选C。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“My son, Ben, died when he was 23. The year after his death, I hiked 48 of the state’s tallest mountains in his memory. Every step, path and peak has been a way to restore.(我儿子本在23岁时就去世了。在他去世后的一年，为了纪念他，我攀登了该州48座最高的山峰。每一步，每一条路，每一次高峰，都是一次恢复)”结合文章主要讲述了作者在儿子去世后开始攀登山峰，攀登的过程让作者了解到生活中可以既悲伤又快乐，重要的是与自己和平相处。可知，B选项“承载我悲伤的群山”最符合文章标题。故选B。
B
FAQs on preparing your Application
Q: Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening (JO)
A: Yes. Naturally, a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO, but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position.
Q: What’s the difference between duties and achievements
A: Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job.
Q: Many of my achievements are team-based, how do I draft them in my Application
A: You should include your team-based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team and describe your specific role in reaching the goal.
FAQs on general Application guidelines
Q: Can I save my Application
A: Yes. You should save your Application when you make changes and/or update it. It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying.
Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO
A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs.
Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application
A: No. In fact, doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application. Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner.
60. Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements
A. I’ve developed various interests, ranging from oil painting to designing model.
B. I’m good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market.
C. I’m in charge of the clearance, production and distribution of information material.
D. I succeeded in directing a video presentation, assisting our group to win the first prize.
61. If you want to apply for another JO, you’d better __________.
A. target your focus on your interest in the JO
B. save your latest application in Word format
C. prepare one application with all your competencies
D. update your application to match new requirements
62. Applicants are expected to __________ in their applications.
A. introduce what JOs they have previously applied to
B. list the greatest achievements they have made in detail
C. give key information about their experiences and achievements
D. provide the results of their tests, assessments and examinations
【答案】60. D 61. D 62. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要列举了一些有关准备申请职位空缺的常见问题。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二个问题的回答“Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job.(职责描述了你工作的具体职责。它们准确地反映了你在以前的每一份工作中正在做的事情或曾经做过的事情。换句话说，它是你工作的“你做什么”。成就用具体的术语来描述你在工作中做得“有多好”)”可知，D选项“我成功导演了一个视频展示，帮助我们小组获得了一等奖”最能说明你的成就。故选D。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs.(每次申请新的JO时，我们建议你检查并更新你的申请，如果合适的话，或者针对你的申请更好地反映你对新JO的适用性。你的更新不会影响以前针对其他JO提交的申请的内容)”可知，如果你想申请另一个JO，你最好更新你的申请以符合新的要求。故选D。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner.(除非你有丰富的经验，否则没有理由把所有的空间都用完。我们鼓励申请人以简洁明了的方式列出自己的职责和成就)”可知，申请人应在申请中提供有关其经历和成就的关键信息。故选C。
C
In the past, jobs were about muscles. Now they’re about brains, but in the future, they’ll be about the heart. – Minouche Shafik, the president of Columbia University
LinkedIn researchers recently looked at which skills any given job requires and then identified over 500 likely to be affected by generative A.I. technologies. They then estimated that 96 percent of a software engineer’s current skills — mainly in programming languages — can eventually be possessed by A.I. Skills associated with jobs like legal associates and finance officers will also be highly exposed. In fact, given the broad impact A.I. is set to have, it is quite likely to affect all of our work to some degree or another.
Circling around this research is the big question emerging across so many conversations about A.I. and work, namely: What are our core capabilities as humans
If we answer this question from a place of fear about what’s left for people in the age of A.I., we can end up admitting a diminished view of human capability. Instead, it’s critical for us all to start from a place that imagines what’s possible for humans in the age of A.I. When we do that, we find ourselves focusing quickly on people skills that allow us to cooperate and innovate in ways technology can intensify but never replace.
A recent Jobs for the Future survey found that 78 percent of the 10 top-employing occupations classified uniquely human skills and tasks as “important” or “very important.” These, commonly referred to as soft skills, include building interpersonal relationships, negotiating between parties and guiding and motivating teams.
Now is the time for leaders, across departments, to develop new ways for students to learn that are more directly tied to where our economy is going, not where it has been. Critically, that involves bringing the same level of preciseness to training around people skills that we have brought to technical skills.
Ultimately, for our society, this comes down to whether we believe in the potential of humans with as much belief as we believe in the potential of A.I. If we do, it is entirely possible to build a world of work that not only is more human but also is a place where all people are valued for the unique skills we have, enabling us to deliver new levels of human achievement across so many areas that affect all of our lives.
63. According to LinkedIn’s recent research __________.
A. soft engineers are required to identify 500 languages
B. A.I. will replace humans in jobs requiring certain skills
C. we humans underestimate the impact A.I. is set to have
D. A.I. technologies are to influence research to some degree
64. Which of the following is “a diminished view of human capability” (paragraph 3)
A. Humans are losing control of the world.
B. Technology intensifies humans’ cooperation.
C. Humans outsmart A.I in terms of critical thinking.
D. A.I. and humans are similar in their ability to innovate.
65. Leaders in different departments are advised to __________.
A. teach students unique technical skills B. develop students’ soft skills for their future
C. remind students where our economy is going D. build healthy interpersonal relationships with students
66. According to the writer, what is the core factor of human development
A. Practical value set on skills. B. Firm belief about A.I. technologies.
C. Decisive effects brought by A.I. D. Confidence in our potential.
【答案】63. B 64. A 65. B 66. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。根据领英最近的研究，人工智能将在需要某些技能的工作中取代人类，围绕这项研究的一个大问题出现在许多关于人工智能和工作的对话中，即：我们作为人类的核心能力是什么？
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They then estimated that 96 percent of a software engineer’s current skills — mainly in programming languages — can eventually be possessed by A.I. Skills associated with jobs like legal associates and finance officers will also be highly exposed.(然后他们估计，软件工程师目前96%的技能——主要是编程语言——最终都可以被人工智能所掌握。与法律助理和财务官等工作相关的技能也将高度曝光)”可知，根据领英最近的研究，人工智能将在需要某些技能的工作中取代人类。故选B。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, it’s critical for us all to start from a place that imagines what’s possible for humans in the age of A.I. When we do that, we find ourselves focusing quickly on people skills that allow us to cooperate and innovate in ways technology can intensify but never replace.(相反，对我们所有人来说，从想象人工智能时代人类的可能性开始是至关重要的。当我们这样做时，我们会发现自己很快就把注意力集中在人际交往技能上，这些技能使我们能够以技术可以加强但永远不会取代的方式进行合作和创新)”可知，人类正在失去对世界的控制是“对人类能力的低估”。故选A。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“These, commonly referred to as soft skills, include building interpersonal relationships, negotiating between parties and guiding and motivating teams.(这些通常被称为软技能，包括建立人际关系，在各方之间进行谈判以及指导和激励团队)”可知，建议不同部门的领导为学生的未来培养软技能。故选B。
【66题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, for our society, this comes down to whether we believe in the potential of humans with as much belief as we believe in the potential of A.I. If we do, it is entirely possible to build a world of work that not only is more human but also is a place where all people are valued for the unique skills we have, enabling us to deliver new levels of human achievement across so many areas that affect all of our lives.(归根结底，对于我们的社会来说，这取决于我们是否像相信人工智能的潜力一样相信人类的潜力。如果我们相信，就完全有可能建立一个不仅更加人性化，而且所有人的独特技能都受到重视的工作世界，使我们能够在影响我们所有人生活的众多领域取得新的人类成就)”可知，对我们潜力的信心是人类发展的核心因素。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Antarctic Tourism: Should We Just Say No
More people are visiting Antarctic, the frozen continent than ever before. ___67___ This has brought a new urgency to the question of how much, if any, tourism should be allowed on the icy continent.
The distance most visitors travel to reach Antarctica makes carbon emissions a serious problem. ___68___ One study calculated that each tourist between 2016 and 2020 was effectively melting around 83 tonnes of snow, due largely to emissions from vacation ships.
___69___ The Antarctic Treaty, established in 1961 to provide governance for the continent, operates on a consultative basis, which means all 56 parties have to agree before a change can be put into action. The last major decision on tourism was a measure passed in 2009 that prohibits vacation ships carrying more than 500 passengers from making landings. That regulation has still not officially been carried out as not every signatory country has accepted it domestically.
There is clear agreement that something needs to change, but no agreement on what those changes should be. ___70___
A. The number of visitors hit 100,000 for the first time this tourist season, a 40% jump over the previous record.
B. The Antarctic is at risk not just because of the breakability of its environment, but due to the lack of a single governing body.
C. Should landings be made at a larger number of sites for instance or should we aim to keep the human footprint as small as possible
D. If what you really want is to connect with snow and ice and you’re in the northern half, can you catch a train to the nearest snow region instead
E. The average per-person carbon emissions for an Antarctic tourist are 3.76 tonnes – about the total sum that an individual typically generates in an entire year.
F. There is so little regulation now that almost anything that will protect the areas by an official legal source rather than self-regulated would be really positive.
【答案】67. A 68. E 69. B 70. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了南极旅游正在变得流行，但也引发了环境问题。
【67题详解】
根据上文“More people are visiting Antarctic, the frozen continent than ever before.(比以往任何时候都有更多的人去南极这个冰冻的大陆旅游)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明去南极旅游的情况。故A选项“本旅游季游客人数首次突破10万人，比之前的纪录高出40%”符合语境，故选A。
【68题详解】
根据上文“The distance most visitors travel to reach Antarctica makes carbon emissions a serious problem.(大多数游客前往南极洲的距离使碳排放成为一个严重的问题)”以及后文“One study calculated that each tourist between 2016 and 2020 was effectively melting around 83 tonnes of snow, due largely to emissions from vacation ships.(一项研究计算出，2016年至2020年期间，每位游客实际上融化了约83吨雪，这主要是由于度假船的排放)”可知，本句主要说明游客导致的环境问题，故E选项“南极游客的人均碳排放量为3.76吨——大约是一个人一整年的碳排放总量”符合语境，故选E。
【69题详解】
根据本段内容“The Antarctic Treaty, established in 1961 to provide governance for the continent, operates on a consultative basis, which means all 56 parties have to agree before a change can be put into action. The last major decision on tourism was a measure passed in 2009 that prohibits vacation ships carrying more than 500 passengers from making landings. That regulation has still not officially been carried out as not every signatory country has accepted it domestically.(1961年为管理南极大陆而建立的《南极条约》是在协商的基础上运作的，这意味着必须得到所有56个缔约国的同意，才能将改变付诸行动。上一次有关旅游业的重大决定是2009年通过的一项措施，禁止载有500名以上乘客的度假船靠岸。由于并非每个签署国都在国内接受了该规定，因此该规定尚未正式执行)”可知，本段主要介绍了南极的管理存在的问题。故B选项“南极处于危险之中，不仅是因为其环境的脆弱性，还因为缺乏一个单一的管理机构”符合语境，故选B。
【70题详解】
根据上文“There is clear agreement that something needs to change, but no agreement on what those changes should be.(大家一致认为有些事情需要改变，但对于这些改变应该是什么却没有一致意见)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，举例说明如何保护南极环境。故C选项“例如，我们应该在更多的地点着陆，还是应该尽可能地减少人类的足迹？”符合语境，故选C。
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
It Takes at Least 200 Hours to Make a Close Friendship, and More to Maintain It
Many of us worry that we don’t put in enough time to maintain close friendships. But how much is enough Unfortunately, there’s no magic formula (公式) for how much time you need to spend on your friends to keep them. Each friendship and friend are unique and develops or ends depending on how we interact.
Forming a friendship in the first place takes a certain number of hours of being together. We need between 40 and 60 hours together for a person we know slightly to become a casual friend. In order to move from casual friends to close friends, we need to spend an additional 140 to 160 hours together for a total of about 200 hours.
However, deeper interactions can quicken that timeline. We can form a close bond in less than 200 hours with meaningful conversations. Contrarily, spending 200 hours together doesn’t necessarily mean a person will become a close friend. They have to want to be your friends. Some co-workers can spend 300 hours together and never become close friends.
When it comes to maintaining friendships, it’s not just the number of hours spent together, but what we do that matters. Engaging in passive activity with friends — like watching a TV series — is fun and enjoyable, but it doesn’t do as much to maintain friendship as having deep conversations, sharing feelings, and being a good listener. And routinely checking in with people we choose to connect with, through calls and texts or in person, helps maintain relationships and leads to higher scores of positive feelings, like happiness.
The key point is that sharing things about ourselves can lead to close friendships. Once that closeness is established, some ways to maintain closeness are supporting friends when things go wrong for them and celebrating their achievements.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The amount of time needed to form and maintain friendships varies,with deeper interactions quickening the process.It’s not just the number of hours spent together,but the quality and frequency of interaction that matters.Sharing personal experiences and supporting friends through ups and downs are key to maintaining close bonds.(51 words)
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章讨论了建立和维护友谊所需的时间，指出需要至少200小时才能发展成为亲密的朋友。尽管没有固定的时间公式，但深入的对话和情感分享可以加快友谊的建立。维持友谊不仅取决于相处时间，还包括深入交流、支持朋友、庆祝成就等积极行为。关键在于分享并保持真诚的互动，这有助于建立和巩固亲密友谊。
【详解】1.要点摘录
① Each friendship and friend are unique and develops or ends depending on how we interact.
② Forming a friendship in the first place takes a certain number of hours of being together.
③ However, deeper interactions can quicken that timeline.
④ When it comes to maintaining friendships, it’s not just the number of hours spent together, but what we do that matters.
2.缜密构思。将要点②③总说，将①④分说
3，遣词造句
The amount of time needed to form and maintain friendships varies,with deeper interactions quickening the process.
It’s not just the number of hours spent together,but the quality and frequency of interaction that matters.
Sharing personal experiences and supporting friends through ups and downs are key to maintaining close bonds.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The amount of time needed to form and maintain friendships varies,with deeper interactions quickening the process.（运了用with复合结构做状语）
【高分句型2】Sharing personal experiences and supporting friends through ups and downs are key to maintaining close bonds.（运用了动名词做主语和宾语）
第II卷(共40分)
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 点击此处可获取更多信息。(find) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Additional /More information can be found by clicking here.
【解析】
【详解】考查语态。表示“更多信息”应用additional /more information，作主语；表示“获取”应用动词find，与主语构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形；表示“点击此处”用介词短语by clicking here。故翻译为Additional /More information can be found by clicking here.
73. 禁止汽车进入市中心的计划得到了当地居民的坚定支持。(plan) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The plan to ban cars from the town center has received firm support from local people.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“禁止汽车进入市中心的计划”为the plan to ban cars from the town center，不定式作后置定语；表示“得到”应用动词receive，表示“当地居民的坚定支持”翻译为firm support from local people。为现在完成时。故翻译为The plan to ban cars from the town center has received firm support from local people.
74. 我们不确定这种新药是否有效，但这项新研究确实增加了证明其效果的可能性。(work) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We are not sure if the new medicine works, but this new study really increases the chances of proving its (positive) effects.
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。主语为we；表示“不确定”应用be not sure；后跟if引导的宾语从句；表示“新药”短语为the new medicine；表示“有效”应用动词work；but连接并列句，表示转折；表示“这项新研究”用this new study，作主语；表示“确实”应用副词really；表示“增加了证明其效果的可能性”短语为increases the chances of proving its (positive) effects。为一般现在时。故翻译为We are not sure if the new medicine works, but this new study really increases the chances of proving its (positive) effects.
75. 受到优秀运动员们为梦想和荣誉全力以赴的可贵精神的影响，很多年轻人喜欢上了看乒乓球比赛，并开始学习打乒乓。(fond) (汉译英)
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【答案】Influenced by the valuable spirit of outstanding athletes who give their all for dreams and honor, many young people have grown fond of watching table tennis matches and have started to learn to play it.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。表示“受到影响”应用过去分词短语influenced by，作状语；表示“可贵精神”短语为the valuable spirit，与“优秀运动员们”outstanding athletes为所属古关系，后跟who引导定语从句，表示“为梦想和荣誉全力以赴”短语为give their all for dreams and honor，为一般现在时；主语为many young people；表示“喜欢上”用grow fond of doing sth.；表示“看乒乓球比赛”应用动名词短语watching table tennis matches；表示“开始学习打乒乓”翻译为start to learn to play it，为现在完成时。故翻译为Influenced by the valuable spirit of outstanding athletes who give their all for dreams and honor, many young people have grown fond of watching table tennis matches and have started to learn to play it.
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
“人设”通常指人们向公众展示的自我，现在很多学生经常说“我的人设不能倒”。校学生会正在开展有关“人设能不能倒 (Can my public image fall apart )”的讨论，请你在学生会邮箱投稿，表达自己的想法。你的投稿须包括(文中请不要出现真实的校名和人名)：
1)你觉得自己的人设是什么？
2)你觉得你的人设能倒吗？为什么？
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【答案】范文
Can My Public Image Fall Apart
My public image is that of a diligent student and a responsible team player. I strive to maintain this image by consistently performing well academically and actively participating in school activities.
However, I believe that my public image can indeed fall apart. No one is perfect, and we all make mistakes. If I were to behave in a way that contradicts my established image, it would naturally collapse. This is not something to fear, as it provides an opportunity for growth and self-reflection. What’s important is to learn from our mistakes, adapt, and strive to rebuild a more authentic and sustainable image.
Therefore, while I aim to uphold my current public image, I am also open to the possibility of its fallibility.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封主题为“Can My Public Image Fall Apart ”的作文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要：be important→matter
机会：opportunity→chance
害怕：fear→scare
维持：uphold→sustain
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：My public image is that of a diligent student and a responsible team player. I strive to maintain this image by consistently performing well academically and actively participating in school activities.
拓展句：Since my public image is that of a diligent student and a responsible team player, I strive to maintain this image by consistently performing well academically and actively participating in school activities.
【点睛】[高分句型1] What’s important is to learn from our mistakes, adapt, and strive to rebuild a more authentic and sustainable image. (运用了what引导主语从句以及不定式to learn作表语)
[高分句型2] Therefore, while I aim to uphold my current public image, I am also open to the possibility of its fallibility. (运用了while引导让步状语从句)黄浦区2024年高考模拟考
英 语 试 卷
(完成试卷时间：120分钟 总分：140分)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections ___21___ (absorb) in a device. That screen in your hand isn’t just distracting your attention. It also changes your mood, your manner of walking and etc. — and affects your ability to get from point A to point B ___22___ running into trouble.
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust ___23___ you move. Video footage of walkers has shown that people on phones walk about 10 percent slower than those undistracted ones. These changes can block traffic on the sidewalk. And ___24___ walking makes up a big portion of your daily physical activity, walking more slowly may have impacts for your fitness.
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force ___25___ (place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls.
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that ___26___ (get) these benefits, it’s important that your attention is on the environment, rather than on your phone.
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities like Honolulu, ___27___ (pass) laws to control distracted walkers. But research on those dangers has turned up some surprises. One study has looked at the connection between “phone-related distracted walking” and emergency department visits. Using government data ___28___ (extend) over the years 2011 to 2019, the researchers turned up nearly 30,000 walking injuries occasioned by phones.
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting ___29___ at some risk. So how do you stay safe If you do walk and use your device at the same time, stop when you’re around stairs, crosswalks and messy or uneven ground, ____30____ accidents are more likely to occur.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. convincing B. disinformation C. hazards D. illogical E. maintain F. preview G. publicly H. racing I. response J. speed K. seemingly
OpenAI Unveils A.I. that Instantly Generates Eye-Popping Videos
Last April, a New York start-up called Runway AI revealed technology that let people generate videos. The four-second videos were shadowy and disturbing. But they were a clear sign that artificial intelligence technologies would generate increasingly ___31___ videos sooner. Just 10 months later, OpenAI has revealed a similar system, Sora, that creates videos that look as if they were lifted from a Hollywood movie.
OpenAI is among the many companies ___32___ to improve this kind of instant video generator. The technology could ___33___ the work of experienced moviemakers. It could also become a quick and inexpensive way of creating online ___34___, making it even harder to tell what’s real on the internet.
In an interview, the team behind the technology said the company was not yet releasing Sora to the public because it was still working to understand the system’s ___35___. The intention here is to give a(n) ___36___ of what is likely to happen soon, so that people can see the capabilities of this technology.
Like other generative A.I. technologies, OpenAI’s system learns by analyzing digital data — in this case, videos and subtitles describing what those videos contain. OpenAI declined to say how many videos the system learned from or where they came from, except to say the training included both ___37___ available videos and videos that were licensed from copyright holders. The company says little about the data used to train its technologies, most likely because it wants to ___38___ an advantage over competitors.
Sora generates videos in ___39___ to short descriptions. Though the videos can be impressive, they may include strange and ___40___ images. The system, for example, recently generated a video of someone eating a cookie — but the cookie never got any smaller.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
My father decided to start learning French when he was 57. On the surface, his retirement hobby seems a little random — our family has no connection to French-speaking countries — but his ___41___ ran deeper than a passion for cakes. My grandmother developed signs of Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔兹海默症) in her early 70s, and studies suggest that being bilingual, that is, being able to speak two languages equally well, can ___42___ the start of the condition by up to five years. Drawn by that ___43___ benefit, many people have attempted to pick up a new language in adulthood.
Lots of activities are linked to better brain health in old age, like getting more education when you’re younger and physical activity. Experts say regularly speaking multiple languages may be especially ___44___ though. “We use language in all aspects of daily life, so a bilingual brain is ___45___ working,” said Mark Antoniou, a professor at Western Sydney University who specializes in bilingualism.
The age at which you learn another language appears to be less important than how ___46___ you speak it. The cognitive (认知的) benefit is from having to ___47___ your mother tongue, which your brain is forced to do if you’re trying to recall the right words in another language. So if the second language is used a lot, you’re getting that cognitive ___48___. That process is called cognitive inhibition. In theory, by improving these types of processes, the brain becomes stronger to the ___49___ caused by diseases like dementia. The stronger your mental power, the thinking goes, the longer you can function normally, even if your brain health starts to ___50___.
However, evidence for the benefits of learning a second language as a hobby in your 60s is ___51___. Research by Dr. Antoniou and colleagues found that while Chinese adults 60 and up improved on cognition tests after a six-month language learning program, people who played games like Sudoku did as well. Two more recent studies on the topic found virtually no ___52___ in cognitive performance after people took part in language-learning programs.
The scientists who conducted those studies offered a few potential ___53___. One is that the participants were highly motivated volunteers, who may have already been at peak performance for their age, making it hard to see any ___54___. Another is that the language interventions were perhaps too short. The handful of studies looking into the issue have used language lessons that were very different in their ___55___ and frequency. Some studies taught participants for eight months, others for just one very intense week.
41. A. affection B. contribution C. motivation D. struggle
42. A. delay B. prevent C. signal D. stimulate
43. A. additional B. educational C. lasting D. potential
44. A. beneficial B. common C. impractical D. rare
45. A. carelessly B. constantly C. creatively D. delicately
46. A. long B. often C. soon D. well
47 A. command B. practice C. restrict D. spread
48. A. function B. psychology C. system D. training
49. A. damages B. operations C. pains D. signs
50. A. decline B. improve C. matter D. restore
51. A. available B. mounting C. stronger D. weaker
52. A. difference B. involvement C. point D. reduction
53. A. applications B. explanations C. findings D. suggestions
54. A. diversities B. improvements C. outcomes D. possibilities
55. A. content B. intention C. length D. requirement
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
A
My son, Ben, died when he was 23. The year after his death, I hiked 48 of the state’s tallest mountains in his memory. Every step, path and peak has been a way to restore.
About a month after his death, my husband and I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight, sorrow weighing heavy in our hearts and legs. Standing on the peak, I looked out across the mountains my son loved. For a moment, the heavy blow brought about by Ben’s death faded into the timeless expanse, and I could breathe.
The next weekend found us on Mount Moosilauke. Then Mount Cannon, Mount Flume, Mount Liberty and so on. It was a series of firsts, of struggles and overcoming them — climbing at night, climbing slides and rocks, camping alone, finding paths and planning routes.
Six days before the anniversary of Ben’s death, I hiked my 48th and final peak: Mount Carrigain. As I stood on the observation platform at the peak, I found the essential truth I had been grasping to express for months: The only place that feels vast enough to hold sorrow this deep and wide is the top of a mountain, looking out into forever.
These days, I hike not to hide, but to seek. I find Ben, but I also find myself: someone broken, now braver and more capable. The forced isolation of sorrow becomes the welcome loneliness of the path; the peace of nature replaces the pain of loss. Hiking is both exhausting and exciting, and it teaches us that sorrow and joy can coexist.
But there’s another, possibly more important truth: A hike is not the only way to find the peace of the natural world; a simple walk along a park path can have a similar effect. The internal journey of sorrow mixes with our steps, and we find comfort along the way.
56. How did the writer feel after climbing Carter Dome and Mount Hight
A. Doubtful. B. Relieved. C. Sad. D. Terrified.
57. After hiking the 48 peaks, the writer learned that __________.
A. it was possible to live with both sorrow and joy
B. it was the isolation of sorrow that exhausted her
C. only by overcoming struggles could one survive
D. the peaks were proper places to remember someone
58. What does the writer imply in the last paragraph
A. Walking works best for those in sorrow. B. We can plan our internal journey as intended.
C What counts is to make peace with ourselves. D. People tend to hike in parks to seek comfort.
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. The Heavy Steps That Led Me To Peaks B. The Mountains That Held My Sorrow
C. The Journeys That Frustrated Me D. The First Struggles That Empowered Me
B
FAQs on preparing your Application
Q: Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening (JO)
A: Yes. Naturally, a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO, but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position.
Q: What’s the difference between duties and achievements
A: Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job.
Q: Many of my achievements are team-based, how do I draft them in my Application
A: You should include your team-based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team, and describe your specific role in reaching the goal.
FAQs on general Application guidelines
Q: Can I save my Application
A: Yes. You should save your Application when you make changes and/or update it. It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying.
Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO
A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs.
Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application
A: No. In fact, doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application. Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner.
60. Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements
A. I’ve developed various interests, ranging from oil painting to designing model.
B. I’m good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market.
C. I’m in charge of the clearance, production and distribution of information material.
D. I succeeded in directing a video presentation, assisting our group to win the first prize.
61. If you want to apply for another JO, you’d better __________.
A. target your focus on your interest in the JO
B. save your latest application in Word format
C. prepare one application with all your competencies
D. update your application to match new requirements
62. Applicants are expected to __________ in their applications.
A. introduce what JOs they have previously applied to
B. list the greatest achievements they have made in detail
C. give key information about their experiences and achievements
D. provide the results of their tests, assessments and examinations
C
In the past, jobs were about muscles. Now they’re about brains, but in the future, they’ll be about the heart. – Minouche Shafik, the president of Columbia University
LinkedIn researchers recently looked at which skills any given job requires and then identified over 500 likely to be affected by generative A.I. technologies. They then estimated that 96 percent of a software engineer’s current skills — mainly in programming languages — can eventually be possessed by A.I. Skills associated with jobs like legal associates and finance officers will also be highly exposed. In fact, given the broad impact A.I. is set to have, it is quite likely to affect all of our work to some degree or another.
Circling around this research is the big question emerging across so many conversations about A.I. and work, namely: What are our core capabilities as humans
If we answer this question from a place of fear about what’s left for people in the age of A.I., we can end up admitting a diminished view of human capability. Instead, it’s critical for us all to start from a place that imagines what’s possible for humans in the age of A.I. When we do that, we find ourselves focusing quickly on people skills that allow us to cooperate and innovate in ways technology can intensify but never replace.
A recent Jobs for the Future survey found that 78 percent of the 10 top-employing occupations classified uniquely human skills and tasks as “important” or “very important.” These, commonly referred to as soft skills, include building interpersonal relationships, negotiating between parties and guiding and motivating teams.
Now is the time for leaders, across departments, to develop new ways for students to learn that are more directly tied to where our economy is going, not where it has been. Critically, that involves bringing the same level of preciseness to training around people skills that we have brought to technical skills.
Ultimately, for our society, this comes down to whether we believe in the potential of humans with as much belief as we believe in the potential of A.I. If we do, it is entirely possible to build a world of work that not only is more human but also is a place where all people are valued for the unique skills we have, enabling us to deliver new levels of human achievement across so many areas that affect all of our lives.
63. According to LinkedIn’s recent research, __________.
A. soft engineers are required to identify 500 languages
B. A.I. will replace humans in jobs requiring certain skills
C. we humans underestimate the impact A.I. is set to have
D. A.I. technologies are to influence research to some degree
64. Which of the following is “a diminished view of human capability” (paragraph 3)
A. Humans are losing control of the world.
B. Technology intensifies humans’ cooperation.
C. Humans outsmart A.I in terms of critical thinking.
D. A.I. and humans are similar in their ability to innovate.
65. Leaders in different departments are advised to __________.
A. teach students unique technical skills B. develop students’ soft skills for their future
C. remind students where our economy is going D. build healthy interpersonal relationships with students
66. According to the writer what is the core factor of human development
A. Practical value set on skills. B. Firm belief about A.I. technologies.
C Decisive effects brought by A.I. D. Confidence in our potential.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Antarctic Tourism: Should We Just Say No
More people are visiting Antarctic, the frozen continent than ever before. ___67___ This has brought a new urgency to the question of how much, if any, tourism should be allowed on the icy continent.
The distance most visitors travel to reach Antarctica makes carbon emissions a serious problem. ___68___ One study calculated that each tourist between 2016 and 2020 was effectively melting around 83 tonnes of snow, due largely to emissions from vacation ships.
___69___ The Antarctic Treaty, established in 1961 to provide governance for the continent, operates on a consultative basis, which means all 56 parties have to agree before a change can be put into action. The last major decision on tourism was a measure passed in 2009 that prohibits vacation ships carrying more than 500 passengers from making landings. That regulation has still not officially been carried out as not every signatory country has accepted it domestically.
There is clear agreement that something needs to change, but no agreement on what those changes should be. ___70___
A. The number of visitors hit 100,000 for the first time this tourist season, a 40% jump over the previous record.
B. The Antarctic is at risk not just because of the breakability of its environment, but due to the lack of a single governing body.
C. Should landings be made at a larger number of sites for instance, or should we aim to keep the human footprint as small as possible
D. If what you really want is to connect with snow and ice and you’re in the northern half, can you catch a train to the nearest snow region instead
E. The average per-person carbon emissions for an Antarctic tourist are 3.76 tonnes – about the total sum that an individual typically generates in an entire year.
F. There is so little regulation now that almost anything that will protect the areas by an official legal source rather than self-regulated would be really positive.
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
It Takes at Least 200 Hours to Make a Close Friendship, and More to Maintain It
Many of us worry that we don’t put in enough time to maintain close friendships. But how much is enough Unfortunately, there’s no magic formula (公式) for how much time you need to spend on your friends to keep them. Each friendship and friend are unique and develops or ends depending on how we interact.
Forming a friendship in the first place takes a certain number of hours of being together. We need between 40 and 60 hours together for a person we know slightly to become a casual friend. In order to move from casual friends to close friends, we need to spend an additional 140 to 160 hours together for a total of about 200 hours.
However, deeper interactions can quicken that timeline. We can form a close bond in less than 200 hours with meaningful conversations. Contrarily, spending 200 hours together doesn’t necessarily mean a person will become a close friend. They have to want to be your friends. Some co-workers can spend 300 hours together and never become close friends.
When it comes to maintaining friendships, it’s not just the number of hours spent together, but what we do that matters. Engaging in passive activity with friends — like watching a TV series — is fun and enjoyable, but it doesn’t do as much to maintain friendship as having deep conversations, sharing feelings, and being a good listener. And routinely checking in with people we choose to connect with, through calls and texts or in person, helps maintain relationships and leads to higher scores of positive feelings, like happiness.
The key point is that sharing things about ourselves can lead to close friendships. Once that closeness is established, some ways to maintain closeness are supporting friends when things go wrong for them and celebrating their achievements.
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第II卷(共40分)
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 点击此处可获取更多信息。(find) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________
73. 禁止汽车进入市中心的计划得到了当地居民的坚定支持。(plan) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________
74. 我们不确定这种新药是否有效，但这项新研究确实增加了证明其效果的可能性。(work) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________
75. 受到优秀运动员们为梦想和荣誉全力以赴的可贵精神的影响，很多年轻人喜欢上了看乒乓球比赛，并开始学习打乒乓。(fond) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
“人设”通常指人们向公众展示的自我，现在很多学生经常说“我的人设不能倒”。校学生会正在开展有关“人设能不能倒 (Can my public image fall apart )”的讨论，请你在学生会邮箱投稿，表达自己的想法。你的投稿须包括(文中请不要出现真实的校名和人名)：
1)你觉得自己的人设是什么？
2)你觉得你的人设能倒吗？为什么？
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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