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专题12 阅读理解
阅读理解是每年中考试题的“重中之重”。此题型的分值为30-40分，约占整套试题总分的45%左右。阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文获取一定信息的能力。近几年的中考试题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等，考查内容比较广泛。
不仅如此，阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化，广告、图表等应用文是近年来中考试题的新体裁；在内容方面，也更加体现了时代性和可读性，题材包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等方面。
知识构建： 文体： 01、记叙文 02、说明文 03、议论文 04、应用文
考查方向： 01主旨题 02 推断题 03 猜测词义题 04细节理解题。
考向一、应用文
英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。
宜采用“题干定位法”
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在中考试题中，常常是 就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定位法”，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有 针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比 较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。
采用寻读、跳读的方法
要注意 根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
（2023·广州）
My friend keeps copying my look, but I like looking special. What should I do —Ann The important thing is to tell your friend the truth without hurting her feelings. To do that, you can talk to her using kind words and not feeling angry. You can offer her your advice on popular dressing or even suggest wearing clothes that go together. This way you’ll still look like each other, but not twins! My room is always messy. No matter what I do, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike Here are some great ways to make your room a bit tidier. Start by picking up things you don’t use or want anymore. You can give them away to those in need. Less things means less mess! Then, try to make it a habit to put away things after you use them. Done with your sports shoes for the day Back where they should be. Finally, set a timer for five minutes each night to clean any mess! I’m sad because I have to go to a summer camp. I just want to have a summer like my friends. Help me out!—Jessie We’re sorry you’re feeling this way! The best thing to do is to look at things on the bright side. There, a new group of kids will become your friends. They’ll know exactly how you feel and help you. What’s more, going to a summer camp doesn’t mean a terrible summer. You’ll still have fun in the sun with your friends. The only question is, what are you guys going to do together
26. Who might be most interested in reading this passage
A. Young sports lovers. B. Teenagers in need of help.
C. Summer camp planners. D. Kids looking for dressing ideas.
27. What problem does Mike need to solve
A. Having an unwanted holiday plan. B. Failing to manage his time wisely.
C. Not knowing how to tidy his room. D. Unable to get on well with his friends.
28. What advice does the writer give to Jessie
A. Tell your parents how you feel. B. Be ready to help other students.
C. Study harder in the summer camp. D. See the advantage of what you dislike.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. D
【解析】本文是三个青少年的问题以及作者给出的建议。
26.推理判断题。根据“What should I do —Ann”、“My room is always messy. No matter what I do, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”和“I’m sad because I have to go to a summer camp. I just want to have a summer like my friends. Help me out!—Jessie”可知需要帮助的青少年对这篇文章最感兴趣，故选B。
27.细节理解题。根据“My room is always messy. No matter what I do, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”可知Mike不知道如何整理他房间。故选C。
28.细节理解题。根据“We’re sorry you’re feeling this way! The best thing to do is to look at things on the bright side.”可知作者建议Jessie要看到事物好的一面，故选D。
考向二、记叙文
做记叙文的时候先将事情发生的时间、地点，人物弄清楚。然后了解事件发生经过。英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。中考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
（2023·广州）
Come on, Amy. You must TRY HARDER. Amy told herself silently. She was in her class’ Second-Day-of-School Game with her teammates, whom she only met yesterday. This was her first chance to make new friends, and she was nervous.
So far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestions—after all, she was totally new to this town. Luckily, no one seemed to care about it. This relaxed her a lot.
Since the Blue Team left the park, they had worked out the first two clues (线索) and had been to the post office. Now they were in front of the cinema.
Henry was reading aloud the third clue: Go to our town founder’s last resting place.
I know THIS ONE! Amy thought, excited.
“To the cemetery (墓地)” Cindy said.
“No, wait!” Amy said. “I’ve read about it. The founder was buried near the library.”
“Wow. I’ve walked by every day,” Tyler said. “Never knew that!”
“Good job! That will save valuable time, ” Cindy smiled at Amy.
“We still need to hurry,” Tyler reminded, pointing to the Yellow Team coming near.
“I know a shortcut!” Henry suggested. “Follow me!” No one moved.
“No, seriously,” Henry said. “You know I’m always running late. I know every shortcut in town.” The others finally agreed.
A few sharp turns, and they were there! This time Amy read the clue aloud: Now go to the place where the football is running around!
“The football stadium!” They called out together and started to run…
Now they’d got the final clue: Look where you’ve been, see where you are. Use your map wisely and you’ll be a star!
Looking closely at the map, everyone thought hard.
“Aha! A star!” Cindy suddenly broke the silence. She quickly took out a pencil.
As they watched her drawing lines on the map, everyone understood.
They began running back to where they started. They were closer and closer, and finally crossed the finish line-just one step behind the Red Team!
“So…close…” Tyler made a face, and they all laughed together.
“Nice job, new girl,” Cindy gave Amy a high-five.
“That was really fun,” said Henry. “I hope we’ll be on the same team soon.”
“Me, too,” Amy agreed, smiling.
1 What does the beginning of the story tell us about Amy
A. She didn’t want to play the game. B. She was a new student in her class.
C. She was a member of the Red Team. D. She didn’t understand the game rules.
2. Why did the team let Henry lead the way at last
A. He ran fastest in the team. B. They didn’t know the way.
C. They trusted his rich experience. D. He was best at playing the game.
3. Where was the finish line of the game
A. In the park. B. Next to the post office.
C. In front of the cinema. D. Outside the library.
4 Why did Amy smile at the end of the story
A. Her team came in first. B. She was accepted as a friend.
C. She no longer felt nervous. D. There would be a game soon.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B
【解析】这篇文章讲述了一个叫Amy的女孩在新学校参加游戏活动，与新认识的队友们一起完成任务，并且成为了好朋友的故事。Amy一开始非常紧张，因为不熟悉城市，无法提供很多有用的建议，但是队友们都没有介意并给予了她支持。在比赛过程中，他们一起寻找线索，完成任务，并且在最后一步比赛中只差一步落败，但是大家笑着庆祝并成为了好朋友。整个过程中，大家相互支持鼓励，体现了团队合作和友谊的精神。
本文以事件发展为线索：
新学期游戏中，新生Amy帮蓝队解谜，在队友鼓励下增加自信。他们解决线索，历经邮局、图书馆到达足球场。最后使用地图找到最终线索，紧随红队到达终点，团队表现让Amy赢得认可和友谊
1.推理判断题。根据“This was her first chance to make new friends, and she was nervous.”以及“So far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestions—after all, she was totally new to this town.”可推断艾米是班里的新学生。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据“Henry said. ‘You know I’m always running late. I know every shortcut in town.’ The others finally agreed.”（亨利说。“你知道我总是迟到。我知道城里所有的近路。”其他人最终同意了。）可知团队最后让亨利带路是相信他丰富的经验。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据“Since the Blue Team left the park, they had worked out the first two clues (线索)”可知最开始的地方是在公园；根据“Look where you’ve been, see where you are. Use your map wisely and you’ll be a star!”（看看你去过哪里，看看你在哪里。明智地使用你的地图，你将成为一个明星！）结合图片可知，走过的路线要形成一个五角星，结合“As they watched her drawing lines on the map, everyone understood.”和“They began running back to where they started.”可知比赛的终点线在公园，故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据“‘So…close…’ Tyler made a face, and they all laughed together.”以及“I hope we’ll be on the same team soon.”可知，艾米在故事的结尾笑了是因为她被当作朋友接受了。故选B。
考向三、说明文
说明文是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像记叙文那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点，难点之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
（2023·广州）
People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past
Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.
Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.
So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a law maker.
As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.
37. Why did dictionary writers read important books
A. To know more about the period. B. To collect words and their uses.
C. To understand different subjects. D. To learn to use interesting words.
38. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past
A. ①-③-④-② B. ①-②-④-③ C. ③-④-②-① D. ③-①-④-②
39. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A. It should be done by historians. B. It was a task of inventing and recording.
C. It was long-time hard work. D. It had to use the law-making rules.
40. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication
A. Be open to the new uses of words. B. Follow the dictionary strictly.
C. Use online dictionaries instead. D. Try to create new words.
【答案】37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。
37.推理判断题。根据“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected.”（当他们阅读时，他们把必要的信息抄写在卡片上：有趣的单词，常见的单词——包括日常使用和不常用的单词，以及使用这些单词的句子。也就是说，这些单词以及每个单词的用法都被收集了起来。）可推知词典编纂者要读重要的书籍是为了收集单词及其用法，故选B。
38.细节理解题。根据“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words-both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.”、“As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). ”、“Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word.”、“Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.”可知，过去制作字典首先把有趣单词，日常使用和不寻常使用的常见单词，以及使用它们的句子记在卡片上；然后收集卡片时，按字母顺序（A-Z）排列；其次筛选卡片，根据词典编纂者认为的单词的常用用法将卡片分开；最后是按照硬性规定写下了定义，每个定义都必须来自他面前某张卡片上的一个例子。所以正确的步骤是③-①-④-②。故选D。
39.推理判断题。根据“For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected.”（对于一本真正的大字典来说，收集了数百万张这样的卡片。）可知过去编纂词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。
40.细节理解题。根据“However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.”可知作者建议大家在使用词典时不能被它所控制，因为新的情况、新的经历、新的发明和新的感受总是在推动我们对旧词赋予新的用途，也就是接受词汇的新用法。故选A。
考向四 议论文
英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨。议论文特别注意主题句，往往有总说和分说的关系，主题句往往出现在第一句或最后归纳总结句中。
二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解。与前面做题相同。
三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图。议论文一定有作者的观点，要正确把握。
（2023·杭州）
We all enjoy being part of a group—there’s no better work than teamwork, right Actually, I disagree. Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own. It’s a much better fit for me, and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier.
Personalities (个性) can make teamwork difficult. There’s often someone on the team that puts their needs first. The team often goes along with this person, whose ideas might not be the best, just the loudest. Just one difficult personality can make teamwork bine (结合) several challenging personality types, and it’s even harder.
Not having enough time together can also make teamwork challenging. For example, I was once on a team where we never had enough time to meet as a group. To successfully work as a team, you need time together—and lots of it.
A final reason teamwork is difficult is because there’s often no training on how to work on a team. You can’t just put people in a room and expect them to work well with each other. You need to build trust with your team members. Think of football players: They aren’t just given a ball and told to play. They practice, and they train.
Team can be hard, but working alone has its challenges, too. When my computer doesn’t work, I don’t have an IT person to turn to. When I have a great idea, I don’t have anyone to share it with to see if it really is a great idea. Don’t get me wrong—I still like my team of one and enjoy making all of the important decisions myself. But now I realize what was wrong with the teamwork I did in the past and how good teamwork could be if done correctly. And that’s useful information—because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.
12. Why did the writer choose to work from home on his own
A. To keep himself busier. B. To keep himself healthier.
C. To make his job easier. D. To make his team harder.
13. Which of the following makes teamwork difficult
A. Strong personality. B. Lots of teamwork time. C. Challenging ideas. D. Clear team roles.
14. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. WE TEAM has hardly any advantages. B. ME TEAM needs a lot of IT engineers.
C. ME TEAM has no challenges for the writer. D. WE TEAM may be the writer’s choice one day.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To show the advantages of teamwork. B. To tell the importance of teamwork.
C. To introduce the influence of teamwork. D. To explain the difficulties of teamwork.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】本文主要解释了团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。
12.细节理解题。根据“Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own.”可知，作者选择自己在家工作是因为团队合作太难了，他想让工作更简单。故选C。
13.细节理解题。根据“Personalities (个性) can make teamwork difficult.”可知，成员的个性会使团队合作变得困难。故选A。
14.细节理解题。根据“because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.”可知，“大家的团队”也许有一天会成为作者的选择。故选D。
15.主旨大意题。根据主旨句“Teamwork can be hard… and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier.”可知，本文的目的是为了解释团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。故选D。
考向探究，规律探寻
掌握中考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧，正确地理解和分析问题，考生应从以下几个方面入手：
一、主旨题
文章段落的首句和末句，一般表达文章的主题和段落的中心思想，其他句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目标，找出文章及段落中的主题句，了解了它们的含义，就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息，从而获得解决问题的答案。最有效的办法是找出主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：
（1）表述的意思通常是总结性的；
（2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式；
（3）段落中其他的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的。
二、 推断题
推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。
（1）事实推断。这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。
（2）指代推断。确定指代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式应与被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象的第一个辅助标志。
（3）逻辑推断。这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感受。
（4）对作者的意图和态度的推断。这一类考题大都要求学生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。总之，只要平时善于积累，并熟练运用上述解题技巧，初中阅读理解题就将不再是难题。
三、 猜测词义题
阅读短文时，常常会遇到一些生词。这时，考生要沉着、冷静，细心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。
通过对全篇短文的理解，就有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外，还可以从含有生词句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之间的关系来判断、理解生词以求获得其真正含义。猜测生词的另一种方法是，根据构词法推测。遇到生词后，可从构词法角度分析判断生词。例如： inexpensive一词，其中词根expensive的含义是“贵的”。前缀in是“不”的意思，因此可以猜测此词词义为“不贵的，便宜的”。总之，猜词题可以用到以下技巧（1）. 根据文中的解释（2）. 使用逗号、破折号和括号等（3）. 根据同位语或根据同等关系（4）. 根据语义的转折关系（5）. 根据因果关系（6）. 根据构词法知识 （7）. 根据常识，上下文逻辑
四、 细节理解题。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
做细节理解题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法.先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句.仔细品味，对照比较.确定答案。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。
考向一、应用文
Passage 1
（2023·福建）
Books of the Week
※ Laurence in Hopeland — by Wilton Smith Laurence is a boy from Hopeland, a place with magic. He lives with his parents and beloved grandpa. One day when he can’t find his grandpa who has magic powers, Laurence teams up with his uncle to find out the truth.
※ Gavin Talks to Birds — by Wayae Abel When 10-year-old Gavin joins a team of superheroes, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk to birds. Now a whole world has opened up to him, but can he use his new abilities to help save the birds’ world
※ Life of Dorothy — by Nelson Arthur After meeting a stranger, Dorothy finds herself in a place with deep mystery. She is now meeting with many strange things, from some sudden accidents to losing her friend’s pet pig. The ups and downs of the story will keep you laughing from beginning to end.
※ The Last of Drumfield — by Gorgeous Morgan It’s about Ella who has got a book from her aunt. When she is reading the book with her good friend, they drop into the book and are taken to a fairytale (童话的) world. And they have to find a way back.
1. Which book is about looking for Grandpa
A. Laurence in Hopeland. B. Gavin Talks to Birds.
C. Life of Dorothy. D. The Last of Drumfield.
2. Who can talk to birds
A. Laurence. B. Gavin. C. Dorothy. D. Ella.
3. Dorothy gets into trouble after she ________.
A. meets a stranger B. loses her pet pig C. reads a scary story D. laughs at her friend
4. The writer of Life of Dorothy is ________.
A. Wilton Smith B. Wayae Abel C. Nelson Arthur D. Gorgeous Morgan
5. What do we know about Ella
A. She is good at magic. B. She helps save the birds’ world.
C. She lives in a fairytale world. D. She experiences an unusual trip.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了本周书单的四本书。
1.细节理解题。根据“One day when he can’t find his grandpa who has magic powers, Laurence teams up with his uncle to find out the truth.”可知， Laurence in Hopeland这本书关于寻找爷爷，故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据“When 10-year-old Gavin joins a team of superheroes, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk to birds.”可知，Gavin可以和鸟说话，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据“After meeting a stranger, Dorothy finds herself in a place with deep mystery.”可知，在遇到一个陌生人后，Dorothy发现自己在一个充满神秘地方。故选A。
4.细节理解题。根据“Life of Dorothy — by Nelson Arthur”可知，Life of Dorothy这本书的作者是Nelson Arthur，故选C。
5.推理判断题。根据“It’s about Ella who has got a book from her aunt. When she is reading the book with her good friend, they drop into the book and are taken to a fairytale (童话的) world.”可知，Ella从她姨妈那里得到了一本书，当她和她的好朋友一起读这本书时，她们掉进了书里，被带到一个童话世界。由此可知，经历了一次不寻常的旅行。故选D。
Passage 2
（2023·杭州）
I like going to stores, but how do you know if a store has what you want The great thing about shopping online is saving time! There are so many choices, and it doesn’t take much time to find what you want! (Jake, Sydney, Australia)
The first time I bought something online, I was a little nervous. I didn’t know how they were going to ship it. But it arrived OK. Now the only problem is that I do too much shopping online. And because I don’t have to go out much anymore, I’m not very fit! (Mari, Lima, Peru)
I wanted to buy a new pair of sunglasses, but I was too busy to go to the stores in the city center. So I decided to order them online. They arrived quickly, but they were broken and the case looked used! So I had to go to the store to change them. What a waste of time! (Troy, Jersey City, USA)
I bought a lot of electronics online last year, and everything was a good deal. The problem is that someone stole my credit card (信用卡) information and went shopping. My advice is: Be very careful when you shop online! (Eric, Ottawa, Canada)
I buy all my things online-it’s so cool! I never have to go to the mall or wait in line to pay. And I don’t have to go around to different stores to compare prices. The only problem is that I usually spend too much money! I’m broke! (Nancy, Seattle, USA)
1. How did Mari feel when she first shopped online
A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Worried. D. Interested.
2. What was Troy’s opinion on his online shopping experience
A. It wasted time. B. It saved money. C. It harmed health. D. It provided choices.
3. Who does all the shopping online
A. Jake. B. Mari. C. Eric. D. Nancy.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是五个人分享了自己的网购经历以及对网购的看法。
1.细节理解题根据“The first time I bought something online, I was a little nervous. I didn’t know how they were going to ship it”可知，第一次网购时感到一点担心，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据“So I had to go to the store to change them. What a waste of time”可知，认为浪费时间，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据“I buy all my things online” “Nancy”可知，Nancy所有的东西都是网购的，故选D。
Passage 3
（2023·江苏苏州）
What was your favorite subject in school History. I really loved studying different time periods, countries and cultures. I still love to read history books; travel when possible; watch the History Channel. —Kristin Singer Art. I was shy and quiet, and I could express my feelings through my artwork. It helped to build my self-confidence. —Blair C. Wilke History/social studies. A great teacher got me thinking about the role that each of us plays in society and how we can change the course of history. —Richard Goldman English. It created a love of books and writing in me. Being able to write beautiful words for others to read is real magic. —Tammy Bond Math. Some of the greatest life lessons I ever learned were in math. And then I decided I’d be a math teacher. —Teri Bench Top Answers Science 25% Math 18% History/social studies 17% English 14% Other (includes music, art, etc.) 26% What your favorite subject says about you Science: You are highly curious. You try to understand things by studying them carefully. You wisely connect ideas or reasons. Art: You are always looking for the bright side, even in the darkest situations, and often see the bigger picture. History: You seem to remember everything. You are wise, humorous and hardworking. Math: You’re well organized, seldom late and very strict. You can tell what things will be like. English: You are creative and open-minded. You love to explore in your own mind.
1. What percent of people in this survey like Science
A. 17%. B. 18%. C. 25%. D. 26%
2. What do Kristin Singer and Richard Goldman have in common
A. They both liked History. B. They did well in social studies.
C. They both enjoyed travelling. D. They showed interest in Math.
3. What does Tammy Bond’s favorite subject say about her
A. She is highly curious and studies things carefully.
B. She is shy and quiet and finds beauty through art.
C. She is strict and san tell what things will be like.
D. She is creative and loves to explore in her mind.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是一篇对喜欢的科目的调查报告。
1.细节理解题。根据表中“Science 25%”可知，25%的人喜欢科学，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据“...I still love to read history books; travel when possible; watch the History Channel...”和“A great teacher got me thinking about the role that each of us plays in society and how we can change the course of history.”可知，他们都喜欢历史，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据“English. It created a love of books and writing in me. Being able to write beautiful words for others to read is real magic. —Tammy Bond”可知，Tammy Bond最喜欢的科目是英语，又根据“English: You are creative and open-minded. You love to explore in your own mind.”可知，英语学科对她的评价是她富有创造力，喜欢在头脑中探索，故选D 。
Passage 4
（2023·绍兴）
JOIN A WILD JOURNEY!
Head to a museum near you and find some inspiration!
JOIN in The Wild Escape and help create one big digital (数字的) artwork that’s all about showing how much you care for the nature around us.
This month, you’re invited to take part in The Wild Escape, a new project to inspire creativity around wildlife for pupils aged 7 to 11 years old, to find an animal you like in a local museum and create your own picture.
These pictures will then be uploaded and shown as part of a Wild World one big digital artwork at the end of this month.
Hope you’ll come and take action to care for nature.
Ready for a journey
Here’s how to take part:
◆Head along to your local museum and find one of the many animals waiting for you there.
◆What do you see It could be an animal crouching (蹲伏) in a painting or sitting in a photo! Whatever you find, make sure you have a good, long look at it.
◆Create a picture that imagines your animal coming to life and taking a wild journey to a new world.
◆Now, visit www. art fund. org/firstnews to send your picture to a huge digital artwork.
1. We can learn from the text that The Wild Escape ________.
A. expects pupils to care for nature B. tries to find creative pupils aged 12
C. plans to start a new project next month D. is going to raise money for museums
2 To take part in The Wild Escape, you have to ________.
A. study an animal in the wild B. take a drawing lesson
C. hand in your picture online D. pay a visit to a local zoo
3. What is the text
A. A diary. B. An advertisement. C. A news report. D. A book review.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，是“狂野之旅”的广告信息。
1.细节理解题。根据“JOIN in The Wild Escape and help create one big digital (数字的) artwork that’s all about showing how much you care for the nature around us.”可知，加入野外逃生，并帮助创建一个大的数字艺术作品，这一切都是关于展示你有多关心我们周围的自然。所以“狂野之旅”希望学生们爱护自然，故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据“...to find an animal you like in a local museum and create your own picture. These pictures will then be uploaded and shown as part of a Wild World one big digital artwork at the end of this month.”可知，在当地的博物馆里找一个你喜欢的动物，然后创作你自己的画。这些照片将被上传，并在本月底作为Wild World的一个大型数字艺术作品的一部分展示。所以要参加“狂野之旅”，你必须在网上提交你的图片，故选C。
4.推理判断题。本文是“狂野之旅”的广告信息，故选B。
Passage 5
（2023·深圳中学一模试题）
Spend your holiday in a smart way with these apps!
Grammarly is great for checking spelling, grammar, punctuation (标点) and other kinds of mistakes. Type your message and then Grammarly will check if there is a mistake. Next, the app will show you how to fix the mistake and why it is wrong. If you want to find some good synonyms (近义词) for your words, Grammarly can also help.
How can we exercise by ourselves safely The app Fitbod can show you how to exercise correctly with clear and easy videos. If you have no equipment (器材), Fitbod can show you how to do simple exercises with just your body. Fitbod can change to meet your needs after each exercise. If some of your muscles (肌肉) are tired, the app will focus on others.
Do you always want to use a calculator to help solve math problems Now there is an app that does even more for you than calculators. This app is called Mathway. It can show you how to solve difficult math problems. Even better, the app can explain each step for solving math problems. This way, you can understand how to solve a math problem.
School, studies, family—we have so many things to do! How can we manage our tasks Watoo can help us! It help us sort out what is important or urgent (紧急的) by using its colorful faces. A big red face means a task is really important. A small, happy yellow face means we can take our time. Let’s use this app to organize your tasks in a fun way.
1. Grammarly can do many things EXCEPT ________.
A. checking spelling mistakes for you B. fixing the mistake on its own
C. finding good synonyms for your words D. checking punctuation mistakes
2. What does the underlined word “others” refer to
A. other apps B. other muscles C. other equipment D. other exercises
3. What makes Mathway better than other calculators
A. It can help solve harder math problems. B. It can calculate at a faster speed.
C. It can explain steps for solving math problems. D. It can show you answers more quickly.
4. According to the last paragraph, which of the following is TRUE
A. It is fun to have so many things to do.
B. A small red face means a task is important.
C. Watoo can help complete our tasks in a fun way.
D. A small happy yellow face means a task is not urgent.
5. What is the main idea of this passage
A. Ways to spend your holiday happily. B. Ways to have fun during your holiday.
C. Apps to spend your holiday smartly. D. Apps to help you learn in a smart way.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C
【解析】本文主要介绍了一些让你以智能的方式度过假期的应用程序。
1.细节理解题。根据“Grammarly is great for checking spelling, grammar, punctuation (标点) and other kinds of mistakes...If you want to find some good synonyms (近义词) for your words, Grammarly can also help.”可知ACD选项都正确，B选项文章没有提及，故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据“Fitbod can change to meet your needs after each exercise. If some of your muscles (肌肉) are tired, the app will focus on others.”可知Fitbod可以在每次运动后根据你的需要进行调整。如果你的某些肌肉疲劳了，应用程序就会关注其他肌肉。所以others指的是其他肌肉，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据“Even better, the app can explain each step for solving math problems. This way, you can understand how to solve a math problem.”可知它可以解释解决数学问题的步骤使得Mathway比其他计算器更好，故选C。
4.细节理解题。根据“A small, happy yellow face means we can take our time. ”可知一张小而快乐的黄色脸意味着我们可以慢慢来。故选D。
5.主旨大意题。根据“Spend your holiday in a smart way with these apps!”以及全文可知本文主要介绍了一些让你以智能的方式度过假期的应用程序。故选C。
Passage 6
（2023·深圳一模试题）
Six Hours Free Parking If you spend $ 100 or more in our stores you will receive six hours of free parking. When you have spent $100 or more, just take this coupon and your receipt to the customer service desk on level 4. They will stamp your parking ticket to allow 6 hours of free parking. Offer here until November 14.
Win a $1000 CD Collection Win your choice of $1000 worth of CDs from JB Music Store. Just buy any two CDs and your name will go into the competition. Select your own prize from our wide variety of rock, pop, jazz and classical music. Competition ends November 14. Prize drawn on November 21. Check store for more information.
Buy One, Get One Free Buy one shirt or tie at Daniel’s Menswear, and get another shirt or tie of the same value free. Choose from any of our dress shirts and we will give you another one at no cost. Hurry! Offer ends November 14. Offer limited to one per customer.
10% Off Present this coupon at The Book Store to get a 10% discount on any books you buy. We have lots of books to choose from, including children’s books, novels, travel guides, and science works. You are sure to find something that you will enjoy. Shop now for Christmas, we have a large quantity of toys as gifts for you and avoid the rush! Offer here until November 14.
Half-price Movie Tickets Buy any full-price movie ticket on Tuesdays or Wednesdays, and you can buy a second tickets for a friend for only half price. The latest movies are here, being shown in one of our five theaters at Bayfield Shopping Center. Offer here through December 1, Limit on per customer.
Free Soft Drink Buy any meal for at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free soft drink. We serve the best food in the Shopping e in and try our delicious meals and our excellent service. You won’t be disappointed! Free soft drink offer ends November 14.
1. What are these ads for
A. Food you can order for delivery. B. Places to go on vacation.
C. Things on sale in a big store. D. Special offers at a shopping center.
2. Which of the following is true according to the ads
A. Spending $50 means 3 hours of free parking.
B. One person can buy 5 tickets for the price of three.
C. At Mike’s Café, people can get a free drink after spending $6.
D. After buying two CDs, you can get another two CDs for free.
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned at this mall
A. Clothes store. B. Book store. C. Music store. D. Toy store.
4. When does the book discount offer end
A. November 14. B. November 21. C. December 1. D. December 21.
5. We can know from this passage ________.
A. there is more than one theater in the center.
B. if you buy a book there, you may pay less than half the price.
C. you may get a free one if you buy a shirt, or a tie, or a pair of shoes.
D. you won’t get a free soft drink unless you spend more than 10 dollars on the meal.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A
【解析】这篇短文是几篇优惠广告。每一篇小短文都有一个标题，我们可以从标题中知道这一篇的主要内容，如六小时免费停车、买一送一、降价10%、半价电影票等。
1.D主旨大意题。浏览每一个广告的小标题，如六小时免费停车、买一送一、降价10%、半价电影票等，我们可以知道这是一些商家打的促销广告。故选D。
2.C细节理解题。根据最后一个广告Buy any meal for at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free soft drink可知，在Mike’s咖啡馆，花费6美元就可以得到一杯免费的饮料。故C是正确的。根据第一个广告可知，花费100美元，就可以免费停车6小时，但是没有说花50美元就可以免费停车3小时；根据第五个广告可知，买一张电影票后，就可以半价买第二张电影票；根据第二个广告可知买两张CD就可以参加竞赛。故A、B、D均不对。
3.D细节理解题。根据文章可知这些广告中涉及了衣服店、书店和卖CD商店，但是没有提到玩具店，故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据文章中第四个广告中Offer here until November 14.可知，这个优惠是到11月14日，故选A。
5.A细节理解题。根据文章的第五个广告The latest movies are here, being shown in one of our five theaters at Bayfield Shopping Center.可知，这个电影院只是这个购物中心5个电影院中的一个。故选A。根据第四个广告可知，买书可以优惠10%，而不是半价还少，故B不对；根据第三个广告可知是买衬衫或领带可以再免费得到一个衬衫或领带，没有提到鞋；根据最后一个广告可知，花费6美元就可以得到一杯饮料，而不是10美元。
Passage 7
（2023·江苏扬州）
China has made great achievements in biodiversity protection. Building a national park system is one of the greatest jobs that China has done so far. In October 2021, China’s first five national parks were designated (认定). They are home to nearly 30% of the earth’s key wildlife species (物种) found in China, covering a protected land area of 230,000 square kilometers. This table will inform you of the first five national parks—China’s treasures in nature.
Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park Locations: Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces Landscapes: Mountains, hills, and valleys Representative species: Siberian tiger, Amur leopard (豹) Progress: Increasing population of protected animal species from the year of 2015 to 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur leopards: 42→60
Sanjiangyuan National Park Locations: Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region Landscapes: Glaciers, snow-capped mountains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands Representative species: Snow leopard, Tibetan antelope Progress: At present, the vegetation coverage of the grassland in the park has been over 60%, which is nearly 5% higher than that in 2015.
Giant Panda National Park Locations: Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces Landscapes: Mountains, basins Representative species: Giant panda, red panda Progress: It is protecting over 70% of the wild giant panda population in the country. The population of protective animals in the park — Giant pandas 50+; Sichuan takins 1,300+
Wuyishan National Park Locations: Fujian and Jiangxi provinces Landscapes: Mountains Representative species: Chinese pangolin, Cabot’s tragopan Progress: Through reasonable development of 10% of its area, the park has holds its biodiversity conservation in 90% of its area under protection.
Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Locations: Hainan Province Landscapes: Mountains Representative species: Hainan black crested gibbon Progress: The population of Hainan’s black crested gibbon in the wild — 1970s: 2 groups of 7 individuals (个体); At present: 5 groups of 36 individuals
31. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. When China’s first five national parks were discovered.
B. Some general information of China’s first five national park!
C. What challenges China’s first five national parks are facing.
D. Some actions to protect the wildlife species in these parks.
32. According to the passage, which park has the most types of landscapes
A. Wuyishan National Park. B. Giant Panda National Park.
C. Sanjiangyuan National Park. D. Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park.
33. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about the progress of the parks
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A
【解析】本文是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些信息情况。
31.主旨大意题。根据“This table will inform you of the first five national parks—China’s treasures in nature.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些基本信息，故选B。
32.细节理解题。根据“Sanjiangyuan National Park”中的信息“Landscapes: Glaciers, snow-capped mountains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands”可知，三江源国家公园有最多种类的地形，故选C。
33.细节理解题。根据“Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park”中的信息“Progress: Increasing population of protected animal species from the year of 2015 to 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur leopards: 42→60”可知，从2015年到2022年，保护动物种群数量不断增加——东北虎：27→50；东北豹：42→60，故选A。
Passage 8
（2023·山东滨州）
Children’s games in ancient China
During ancient times, children didn’t have smart phone, iPad or computer to entertain them. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood. Let’s take a look.
Playing hide-and-seek Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to play a trick on him or, more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them.
Flying kites Kites have quite a long history in China. The earliest kites weren’t made of paper. They were made of wood instead. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its own style. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite.
Watching shadow plays The most similar thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. The artists controlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen to make the puppets move like people and tell stories. People liked listening to the music and enjoyed the beautiful puppets.
Kicking stone balls During the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to keep warm. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet.
26. How can hide-and-seek be played
A. One plays and others watch.
B. One must cry and others laugh.
C One tries to find and others hide.
D. One runs and others try to catch.
27. In ancient China, the earliest kites were made of ________.
A. paper B. metal C. plastic D. wood
28. The game that’s like watching a film is ________.
A. kicking atone balls B. flying kites
C. watching shadow plays D. playing hide-and-seek
29. According to the passage, the game of kicking a stone ball was ________.
A. often played in winter B. popular in South China
C. invented in Beijing D. played to keep cool
30. From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. Tianjin is famous for the bird-shaped kite with long wings
B. the puppets could move like people with the artists’ controlling
C. kicking a stone ball was a popular game before the Qing Dynasty
D. all the children must cover their eyes while playing hide-and-seek
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国古代的儿童游戏。
26.细节理解题。根据“others hide and one child must try to find them”可知玩捉迷藏时，其他人躲起来，一个人找。故选C。
27.细节理解题。根据“The earliest kites weren’t made of paper. They were made of wood instead”可知最早的风筝是木头做的。故选D。
28.细节理解题。根据“Watching shadow plays...The most similar thing to watching a film”可知看皮影戏和看电影相似。故选C。
29.细节理解题。根据“kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter”可知踢石头经常在冬天进行。故选A。
30.细节理解题。根据“The artists controlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen to make the puppets move like people and tell stories”可知艺术家们控制着屏幕后面的木偶，让木偶像人一样移动并讲述故事。故选B。
Passage 9
（2023·湖北宜昌）
Come and buy books at our great sale! Here is the information about some new books. You will get 50% off if you buy three or more books together.
Chinese Clothing(￥50)
It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university. It’s about typical Chinese clothing styles in different historical periods. From the book, readers can know traditional Chinese customs have made a big difference in clothing culture.
A Little Bit of Beijing ( 60)
The writers are Li Han and Hu Yan. The book is about the beautiful buildings in Beijing. It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.
The Brightest from the Best( 40)
The writers are Hong and Zhang Xiaolong. The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people. They graduated from top universities and went to serve the people in the poor areas in China.
Stories of China( 30)
It’s written in both English and Chinese. All the writers are from China and UK. The folk stories in this book help readers understand Chinese history and culture better.
26. Who wrote Chinese Clothing according to the passage
A. Hua Mei. B. Hu Yan. C. Li Han. D. Wang Hong.
27. Which book is the best gift for kids who like colorful pictures
A. Stories of China. B. Chinese Clothing.
C. A Little Bit of Beijing. D. The Brightest from the Best.
28. What is The Brightest from the Best about
A. The history of clothes. B. The folk stories of China.
C. The beauty of Beijing. D. The real stories of young people.
29. How much will you pay if you buy these four books together
A. 70 yuan. B. 90 yuan. C. 140 yuan. D. 180 yuan.
30. What do you know from the passage
A. An introduction to some books. B. A list of several bookstores.
C. An interview with foreign readers. D. A report on famous writers.
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】本文介绍了书店促销的四本书。
26.细节理解题。根据“Chinese Clothing(￥50) It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university.”可知《中国服饰》这本书是华梅写的。故选A。
27.细节理解题。根据“ It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.”可知《北京一角》这本书适合喜欢图画的孩子们。故选C。
28.细节理解题。根据“The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people.”可知The Brightest from the Best这本书介绍了年轻人的真实故事，记录了选择和成长的故事。故选D。
29.推理判断题。根据“Chinese Clothing(￥50)”、“A Little Bit of Beijing ( 60)”、“The Brightest from the Best( 40)”和“Stories of China( 30)”可知这四本书一共180元，根据“You will get 50% off if you buy three or more books together.”可知买三本以上半价，也就是90元。故选B。
30.主旨大意题。根据“Here is the information about some new books.”可知本文主要是一些书的介绍。故选A。
Passage 10
(2023-24·江苏常州期末考)
Here are some children’s books. They are also very popular with parents because it’s a good choice to read these books to their children while parenting them.
Goodnight Moon Goodnight Moon is perhaps children’s perfect bedtime book. It is a short poem of goodnight wishes from a young rabbit that is prepared to sleep. He says goodnight to everything in the room. The pictures are simple, changing between small ink drawings and wide, brightly coloured views of the little rabbit’s room. Because of the nice poetry of the words and the gentle pictures, this book is loved by a great number of readers.
Baby Touch and Feel: Animals A small touch-and-feel book full of bunnies (小兔子) and other soft animals, Baby Touch and Feel: Animals, is a gift that your little one is sure to like. It is filled with real-life animal pictures having touch-and-feel textures (质地) that can develop kids’ knowledge while increasing their use of senses. Its cover can still remain strong even after being thrown away, and its thick and strong board pages won’t tear. Your baby can practise learning about animals and their noises while touching the textures on the pages.
Peek-a Who Colourful pictures and simple rhyming texts help children guess what’s peeking (偷窥) through the windows. Wondering what’s hiding on the next page and looking through those bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way to the unexpected endings.
The Wonderful Things You Will Be From brave and creative to clever, Emily Winfield Martin expresses all the loving things that parents think of when they look at their children. With beautiful pictures, this is a book that grown-ups will love reading over and over to kids to show their love. This book reminds parents that no child is the same. They each have their own potential (潜能) and challenges. The book has a loving and truthful message that will last for a lifetime.
1. What does the underlined word “tear” mean
A. break B. close C. open D. lose
2. Which book will make children feel surprised when they come to the end of the book
A. Goodnight Moon B. Baby Touch and Feel: Animals
C. Peek-a Who D. The Wonderful Things You Will Be
3. What do the four books have in common
A. Their writers are all children. B. They all have rhyming poems.
C. Their characters are all animals. D. They all have attractive pictures.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】本文主要介绍了四本受欢迎的儿童书。
1.词义猜测题。根据“Its cover can still remain strong even after being thrown away, and its thick and strong board pages won’t tear.”可知，此处指这本书的封面即使被扔掉也能保持坚固，而且它厚而坚固的板页不会坏掉。因此“tear”与“break”同义。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据“Peek-a Who …Wondering what’s hiding on the next page and looking through those bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way to the unexpected endings.”可知，Peek-a Who 这本书当孩子们读到结尾时会感到惊讶。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据“Because of the nice poetry of the words and the gentle pictures, this book is loved by a great number of readers.”、“It is filled with real-life animal pictures having touch-and-feel textures (质地) that can develop kids’ knowledge while increasing their use of senses.”、“Wondering what’s hiding on the next page and looking through those bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way to the unexpected endings.”及“With beautiful pictures, this is a book that grown-ups will love reading over and over to kids to show their love.”可知四本书都有着吸引人的照片。故选D。
考向二、记叙文
Passage 1
（2023-24·江苏扬州期末考）
The Hugo (雨果) Awards, the world’s top science fiction awards, were announced on the night of Oct 21, 2023. Chinese writer Hai Ya’s book The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette. He became the third Chinese writer to win a Hugo award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016.
When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea from a famous painting by Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty (960-1279). Based on Wang, Hai Ya created a painter named Zhao Ximeng. After many hard times, Zhao’s mind leaves his body and enters a space where a modern policeman is trying to solve a case about an ancient painting.
Hai Ya’s story with science fiction began in his childhood. “When I was a child, the bookstore in my hometown helped create a beautiful garden in my mind that belonged to me only. In it, science fiction offered the most beautiful ‘flowers’. Science fiction opened up a new world to him as a kid,” said Hai Ya.
Hai Ya’s works are a mix of history and science fiction. These two styles seem opposite. One looks back at the past, and the other faces the future. However, in Hai Ya’s works, they find a perfect balance.
“If we can only imagine the future and things in space like rockets, it will only limit our imagination. I don’t think history is something completely in the past. It is flowing, and we can look forward to the future by looking back at history. History is also part of our future,” Hai Ya said.
Science fiction lovers in China feel inspired (激发) by Hai Ya. More Chinese writers today are trying to mix traditional culture with modern stories. Hai Ya believes that it is not a choice but a natural process (过程). “Our history and culture have universal values (普世价值) that can touch everyone,” he said.
47. What do we know about The Space-Time Painter
A. It tells Wang Ximeng’s life story. B. It is inspired by an ancient painting.
C. Its story is based on the faraway future. D. It is a novel about the Song Dynasty.
48. How did science fiction influence Hai Ya as a child
A. It offered him traditional ways to write novels. B. It taught him a lot about planting flowers.
C. It introduced him to a different world. D. It helped him mix the East with the West.
49. What does Hai Ya believe about the relationship between history and the future
A. History is opposite to the future.
B. History can help us look forward to our future.
C. History offers us everything to shape our future.
D. History and the future are separate from each other.
50. What can we learn from the passage
A. Chinese traditional culture is inspired by Hai Ya.
B. Mixing traditional and modern culture is a choice.
C. Chinese writers are trying to limit their science fiction works.
D. A new force of science fiction has risen to spread Chinese culture.
【答案】47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国科幻作家海漄的小说《时空画师》获2023雨果奖“最佳短中篇小说”，主要介绍了作家创作《时空画师》的历程和小说的内容及其特点。该小说采用了推理小说的写法，将中国传统文化、历史、推理与科幻相结合，追溯了一幅虚构的画作创作以及“当时”的朝野权力斗争故事。
47.细节理解题。根据第二段“When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea from a famous painting by Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty (960-1279).”可知，在创作《时空画师》时，海漄从宋朝王希孟的一幅名画中汲取了灵感。故选B。
48.细节理解题。根据“Hai Ya’s story with science fiction began in his childhood…Science fiction opened up a new world to him as a kid,’ said Hai Ya.”可知，海漄与科幻小说的故事始于他的童年，科幻小说为他打开了一个新世界。故选C。
49.细节理解题。根据第五段“I don’t think history is something completely in the past. It is flowing, and we can look forward to the future by looking back at history. History is also part of our future”可知，海漄不认为历史完全是过去的事情，人们可以通过回顾历史来展望未来，历史也是未来的一部分。故选B。
50.推理判断题。根据最后一段“More Chinese writers today are trying to mix traditional culture with modern stories. Hai Ya believes that it is not a choice but a natural process. ‘Our history and culture have universal values that can touch everyone,’ he said.”可知，越来越多的中国作家试图将传统文化与现代故事结合起来，这是一种自然过程，据此可以推断将会有更多类似的科幻力量崛起，创作出大量的具有历史文化和现代科幻的作品，从而传播、弘扬中国文化。故选D。
Passage 2
（2023-24·广州番禺区统考）
Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, was an outstanding Chinese poet（政治家）, who lived during the Song Dynasty from 1037 to 1101.
Su Shi was born into a well﹣known family in Meishan, Sichuan province. His father and brother were both great poets. Su Shi showed great talent from a young age and was known for his skills in handwriting and painting. At the age of 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial（科举）, Su held a number of different government positions across China. However, his different opinions often got him into trouble because of disagreements at our three times. In 1079, Su Shi was even sent to prison. Although he got out of prison at last, Su Shi’s literary talent continued to shine, and he produced exile, ”Red Cliff”, a great number of poetic works during his lifetime. In 1080, he found peace in nature and produced some of his best works. The famous poem, “Red Cliff”, as he was also a great prose writer. His article “On the Love of the Lotus”shows his love for the beauty of the flower. In addition, his collection of short stories, shows his humour and wisdom.
It was not only in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an official, he won the love and support of the people. During his services, he did a lot for the people. In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood. The people in Xuzhou were thankful to him and gave him some food as presents.
Although Su Shi’s life was filled with both achievements and troubles, he is remembered as one of the greatest people in Chinese history, and his creative genius and strong spirit continue to influence and guide people around China.
30. In what order did the following happen in Su Shi’s life 　 　
a. He began his official career.
b. He protected Xuzhou from a flood.
c. He created “Red Cliff”.
d. He was sent in prison.
e. He showed great talent in painting.
A. e﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣d B. e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c C. a﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣d D. a﹣c﹣e﹣b﹣d
31. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Sushi’s official career.
B. Sushi’s early life experience.
C. Sushi’s achievements in literary field.
D. Sushi’s most important literary works.
32. Why could Su Shi win the support from people
A. He looked on the bright side and created many works.
B. He was good at writing humorous and wise short stories.
C. He cared about the people and helped them solve problems.
D. He was sent to prison and under strict control for a long time.
33. What does the writer think of Su Shi
A. He encourages a lot of people.
B. He has changed Chinese history.
C. He is the greatest poet in China.
D. He lived a happy and successful life.
【答案】30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了著名诗人苏轼的才华和人生际遇。
30.细节理解题。根据第二段“Su Shi showed great talent from a young age and was known for his skills in handwriting and painting.”可知苏轼很早就展现了绘画和书法方面的才华。“At the age of 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial”可知，20岁通过科举考试。第二段 “In 1079, Su Shi was even sent to prison.”可知1079年入狱，“In 1080, he found peace in nature and produced some of his best works. The famous poem, was one of them. （1080年，在流亡期间创作了一些最好的作品。）”以及第三段“In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood.”可知1077年他帮助人民抗洪。正确顺序为e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c。故选B。
31.段落大意题。根据第三段“It was not only in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an official, he won the love and support of the people.” 可知，他在文学上有成就，而且在做官的时候也受到百姓爱戴，故本段内容讲述他的仕途。故选A。
32.细节理解题。根据第三段“During his services, he did a lot for the people. In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood. ”可知1077年，他保护了这座城市免受一场可怕的洪水，是因为他关心人民。故选C。
33.推理判断题。根据最后一段“his creative genius and strong spirit continue to influence and guide people around China.”可知，作者认为他的才干和坚强精神继续影响和指导着中国各地的人们，作者认为他鼓励了很多人。故选A。
Passage 9
（2024·深圳一模）
Christina wanted to lead the way back to camp and went on talking cheerfully, asking different kinds of questions about plants and wildlife.
As we walked about halfway down the hillside, she fell over a stone. I jogged up to where she tripped. Suddenly, I saw a lion about ten feet up on a huge rock watching me. It was making a long deep angry sound.
I stood perfectly still, holding my breath, wondering what to do. Christina was crying down below. I couldn’t shout to her to be quiet, or the lion might attack me.
Then, remembering Dad’s words, I slowly dropped my backpack and took off my T-shirt. With the pack on one arm and the T-shirt on the other, I spread my arms, trying to look as wide and big as I could. Carefully I moved away down the hillside toward Christina, keeping my eyes on the lion.
“Christina,” I called. “Stop crying. Get up slowly and catch my belt. We’re going down the hill. There’s a lion at the top.”
We moved quietly and slowly down the hill. Once back to the forest, with the lion out of view, I removed the sweat (汗水) from my face with my T-shirt before putting it on, and looked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nothing major.
I pulled out the map. The campground was on the other side of the hill. We had hiked for miles before we finally made our way back to our site.
Dad saw me first.
“Where have you been ” he shouted.
“We were so worried,” Mother cried.
“Mommy, you didn’t have to worry. Sean is real smart.” Christina said.
I caught Dad’s eye. He smiled. At that moment I realized I was a big brother.
16. How did Christina feel before she fell over a stone
A. Happy. B. Proud. C. Nervous. D. Worried.
17. What did Sean do when he first saw the lion
A. He started crying. B. He picked up a huge rock.
C. He remained still. D. He jogged up to his sister.
18. Why did Sean try to look wide and big
A. To keep balance. B. To scare the lion.
C. To show confidence. D. To prepare to fight.
19. What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 6
A. Sean didn’t care about Christina at all. B. Sean didn’t relax until he reached the forest.
C. Christina got badly hurt on the way back. D. Christina comforted Sean by cleaning his face.
20. What is the best title of this passage
A. Father’s Smiling Eyes B. A Terrible Mountain Lion
C. The Way to Becoming a Big Brother D. Christina’s Exciting Wild Adventure
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. C
【解析】本文讲述了遇到狮子时，聪明的哥哥保护妹妹Christina安全撤离。
16.细节理解题。根据“ Christina wanted to lead the way back to camp and went on talking cheerfully, asking different kinds of questions about plants and wildlife.”可知妹妹摔倒之前愉快地交谈，因此她是很开心的，故选A。
17.细节理解题。根据“I stood perfectly still, holding my breath”可知是一动不动地站着，屏住呼吸，故选C。
18.推理判断题。根据“With the pack on one arm and the T-shirt on the other, I spread my arms, trying to look as wide and big as I could.”可知是让自己看起来更强壮，以此来吓住狮子，故选B。
19.推理判断题。根据“Once back to the forest, with the lion out of view, I removed the sweat (汗水) from my face with my T-shirt before putting it on, and looked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nothing major.”可知直到Sean回到森林才放松下来，检查妹妹的情况。故选B。
20.最佳标题。根据“At that moment I realized I was a big brother.”以及结合全文，可知本文讲述了遇到狮子时，聪明勇敢的哥哥保护妹妹Christina安全撤离。因此最佳标题是“The Way to Becoming a Big Brother”，故选C。
Passage 4
（2023·湖北武汉）
Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.
_________. When he was around 4 or 5, he always love专题12 阅读理解
阅读理解是每年中考试题的“重中之重”。此题型的分值为30-40分，约占整套试题总分的45%左右。阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文获取一定信息的能力。近几年的中考试题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等，考查内容比较广泛。
不仅如此，阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化，广告、图表等应用文是近年来中考试题的新体裁；在内容方面，也更加体现了时代性和可读性，题材包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等方面。
知识构建： 文体： 01、记叙文 02、说明文 03、议论文 04、应用文
考查方向： 01主旨题 02 推断题 03 猜测词义题 04细节理解题。
考向一、应用文
英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。
宜采用“题干定位法”
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在中考试题中，常常是 就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定位法”，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有 针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比 较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。
采用寻读、跳读的方法
要注意 根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
（2023·广州）
My friend keeps copying my look, but I like looking special. What should I do —Ann The important thing is to tell your friend the truth without hurting her feelings. To do that, you can talk to her using kind words and not feeling angry. You can offer her your advice on popular dressing or even suggest wearing clothes that go together. This way you’ll still look like each other, but not twins! My room is always messy. No matter what I do, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike Here are some great ways to make your room a bit tidier. Start by picking up things you don’t use or want anymore. You can give them away to those in need. Less things means less mess! Then, try to make it a habit to put away things after you use them. Done with your sports shoes for the day Back where they should be. Finally, set a timer for five minutes each night to clean any mess! I’m sad because I have to go to a summer camp. I just want to have a summer like my friends. Help me out!—Jessie We’re sorry you’re feeling this way! The best thing to do is to look at things on the bright side. There, a new group of kids will become your friends. They’ll know exactly how you feel and help you. What’s more, going to a summer camp doesn’t mean a terrible summer. You’ll still have fun in the sun with your friends. The only question is, what are you guys going to do together
26. Who might be most interested in reading this passage
A. Young sports lovers. B. Teenagers in need of help.
C. Summer camp planners. D. Kids looking for dressing ideas.
27. What problem does Mike need to solve
A. Having an unwanted holiday plan. B. Failing to manage his time wisely.
C. Not knowing how to tidy his room. D. Unable to get on well with his friends.
28. What advice does the writer give to Jessie
A. Tell your parents how you feel. B. Be ready to help other students.
C. Study harder in the summer camp. D. See the advantage of what you dislike.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. D
【解析】本文是三个青少年的问题以及作者给出的建议。
26.推理判断题。根据“What should I do —Ann”、“My room is always messy. No matter what I do, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”和“I’m sad because I have to go to a summer camp. I just want to have a summer like my friends. Help me out!—Jessie”可知需要帮助的青少年对这篇文章最感兴趣，故选B。
27.细节理解题。根据“My room is always messy. No matter what I do, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”可知Mike不知道如何整理他房间。故选C。
28.细节理解题。根据“We’re sorry you’re feeling this way! The best thing to do is to look at things on the bright side.”可知作者建议Jessie要看到事物好的一面，故选D。
考向二、记叙文
做记叙文的时候先将事情发生的时间、地点，人物弄清楚。然后了解事件发生经过。英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。中考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
（2023·广州）
Come on, Amy. You must TRY HARDER. Amy told herself silently. She was in her class’ Second-Day-of-School Game with her teammates, whom she only met yesterday. This was her first chance to make new friends, and she was nervous.
So far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestions—after all, she was totally new to this town. Luckily, no one seemed to care about it. This relaxed her a lot.
Since the Blue Team left the park, they had worked out the first two clues (线索) and had been to the post office. Now they were in front of the cinema.
Henry was reading aloud the third clue: Go to our town founder’s last resting place.
I know THIS ONE! Amy thought, excited.
“To the cemetery (墓地)” Cindy said.
“No, wait!” Amy said. “I’ve read about it. The founder was buried near the library.”
“Wow. I’ve walked by every day,” Tyler said. “Never knew that!”
“Good job! That will save valuable time, ” Cindy smiled at Amy.
“We still need to hurry,” Tyler reminded, pointing to the Yellow Team coming near.
“I know a shortcut!” Henry suggested. “Follow me!” No one moved.
“No, seriously,” Henry said. “You know I’m always running late. I know every shortcut in town.” The others finally agreed.
A few sharp turns, and they were there! This time Amy read the clue aloud: Now go to the place where the football is running around!
“The football stadium!” They called out together and started to run…
Now they’d got the final clue: Look where you’ve been, see where you are. Use your map wisely and you’ll be a star!
Looking closely at the map, everyone thought hard.
“Aha! A star!” Cindy suddenly broke the silence. She quickly took out a pencil.
As they watched her drawing lines on the map, everyone understood.
They began running back to where they started. They were closer and closer, and finally crossed the finish line-just one step behind the Red Team!
“So…close…” Tyler made a face, and they all laughed together.
“Nice job, new girl,” Cindy gave Amy a high-five.
“That was really fun,” said Henry. “I hope we’ll be on the same team soon.”
“Me, too,” Amy agreed, smiling.
1 What does the beginning of the story tell us about Amy
A. She didn’t want to play the game. B. She was a new student in her class.
C. She was a member of the Red Team. D. She didn’t understand the game rules.
2. Why did the team let Henry lead the way at last
A. He ran fastest in the team. B. They didn’t know the way.
C. They trusted his rich experience. D. He was best at playing the game.
3. Where was the finish line of the game
A. In the park. B. Next to the post office.
C. In front of the cinema. D. Outside the library.
4 Why did Amy smile at the end of the story
A. Her team came in first. B. She was accepted as a friend.
C. She no longer felt nervous. D. There would be a game soon.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B
【解析】这篇文章讲述了一个叫Amy的女孩在新学校参加游戏活动，与新认识的队友们一起完成任务，并且成为了好朋友的故事。Amy一开始非常紧张，因为不熟悉城市，无法提供很多有用的建议，但是队友们都没有介意并给予了她支持。在比赛过程中，他们一起寻找线索，完成任务，并且在最后一步比赛中只差一步落败，但是大家笑着庆祝并成为了好朋友。整个过程中，大家相互支持鼓励，体现了团队合作和友谊的精神。
本文以事件发展为线索：
新学期游戏中，新生Amy帮蓝队解谜，在队友鼓励下增加自信。他们解决线索，历经邮局、图书馆到达足球场。最后使用地图找到最终线索，紧随红队到达终点，团队表现让Amy赢得认可和友谊
1.推理判断题。根据“This was her first chance to make new friends, and she was nervous.”以及“So far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestions—after all, she was totally new to this town.”可推断艾米是班里的新学生。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据“Henry said. ‘You know I’m always running late. I know every shortcut in town.’ The others finally agreed.”（亨利说。“你知道我总是迟到。我知道城里所有的近路。”其他人最终同意了。）可知团队最后让亨利带路是相信他丰富的经验。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据“Since the Blue Team left the park, they had worked out the first two clues (线索)”可知最开始的地方是在公园；根据“Look where you’ve been, see where you are. Use your map wisely and you’ll be a star!”（看看你去过哪里，看看你在哪里。明智地使用你的地图，你将成为一个明星！）结合图片可知，走过的路线要形成一个五角星，结合“As they watched her drawing lines on the map, everyone understood.”和“They began running back to where they started.”可知比赛的终点线在公园，故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据“‘So…close…’ Tyler made a face, and they all laughed together.”以及“I hope we’ll be on the same team soon.”可知，艾米在故事的结尾笑了是因为她被当作朋友接受了。故选B。
考向三、说明文
说明文是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像记叙文那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点，难点之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
（2023·广州）
People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past
Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.
Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.
So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a law maker.
As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.
37. Why did dictionary writers read important books
A. To know more about the period. B. To collect words and their uses.
C. To understand different subjects. D. To learn to use interesting words.
38. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past
A. ①-③-④-② B. ①-②-④-③ C. ③-④-②-① D. ③-①-④-②
39. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A. It should be done by historians. B. It was a task of inventing and recording.
C. It was long-time hard work. D. It had to use the law-making rules.
40. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication
A. Be open to the new uses of words. B. Follow the dictionary strictly.
C. Use online dictionaries instead. D. Try to create new words.
【答案】37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。
37.推理判断题。根据“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected.”（当他们阅读时，他们把必要的信息抄写在卡片上：有趣的单词，常见的单词——包括日常使用和不常用的单词，以及使用这些单词的句子。也就是说，这些单词以及每个单词的用法都被收集了起来。）可推知词典编纂者要读重要的书籍是为了收集单词及其用法，故选B。
38.细节理解题。根据“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words-both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.”、“As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). ”、“Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word.”、“Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.”可知，过去制作字典首先把有趣单词，日常使用和不寻常使用的常见单词，以及使用它们的句子记在卡片上；然后收集卡片时，按字母顺序（A-Z）排列；其次筛选卡片，根据词典编纂者认为的单词的常用用法将卡片分开；最后是按照硬性规定写下了定义，每个定义都必须来自他面前某张卡片上的一个例子。所以正确的步骤是③-①-④-②。故选D。
39.推理判断题。根据“For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected.”（对于一本真正的大字典来说，收集了数百万张这样的卡片。）可知过去编纂词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。
40.细节理解题。根据“However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.”可知作者建议大家在使用词典时不能被它所控制，因为新的情况、新的经历、新的发明和新的感受总是在推动我们对旧词赋予新的用途，也就是接受词汇的新用法。故选A。
考向四 议论文
英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨。议论文特别注意主题句，往往有总说和分说的关系，主题句往往出现在第一句或最后归纳总结句中。
二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解。与前面做题相同。
三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图。议论文一定有作者的观点，要正确把握。
（2023·杭州）
We all enjoy being part of a group—there’s no better work than teamwork, right Actually, I disagree. Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own. It’s a much better fit for me, and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier.
Personalities (个性) can make teamwork difficult. There’s often someone on the team that puts their needs first. The team often goes along with this person, whose ideas might not be the best, just the loudest. Just one difficult personality can make teamwork bine (结合) several challenging personality types, and it’s even harder.
Not having enough time together can also make teamwork challenging. For example, I was once on a team where we never had enough time to meet as a group. To successfully work as a team, you need time together—and lots of it.
A final reason teamwork is difficult is because there’s often no training on how to work on a team. You can’t just put people in a room and expect them to work well with each other. You need to build trust with your team members. Think of football players: They aren’t just given a ball and told to play. They practice, and they train.
Team can be hard, but working alone has its challenges, too. When my computer doesn’t work, I don’t have an IT person to turn to. When I have a great idea, I don’t have anyone to share it with to see if it really is a great idea. Don’t get me wrong—I still like my team of one and enjoy making all of the important decisions myself. But now I realize what was wrong with the teamwork I did in the past and how good teamwork could be if done correctly. And that’s useful information—because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.
12. Why did the writer choose to work from home on his own
A. To keep himself busier. B. To keep himself healthier.
C. To make his job easier. D. To make his team harder.
13. Which of the following makes teamwork difficult
A. Strong personality. B. Lots of teamwork time. C. Challenging ideas. D. Clear team roles.
14. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. WE TEAM has hardly any advantages. B. ME TEAM needs a lot of IT engineers.
C. ME TEAM has no challenges for the writer. D. WE TEAM may be the writer’s choice one day.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To show the advantages of teamwork. B. To tell the importance of teamwork.
C. To introduce the influence of teamwork. D. To explain the difficulties of teamwork.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】本文主要解释了团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。
12.细节理解题。根据“Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own.”可知，作者选择自己在家工作是因为团队合作太难了，他想让工作更简单。故选C。
13.细节理解题。根据“Personalities (个性) can make teamwork difficult.”可知，成员的个性会使团队合作变得困难。故选A。
14.细节理解题。根据“because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.”可知，“大家的团队”也许有一天会成为作者的选择。故选D。
15.主旨大意题。根据主旨句“Teamwork can be hard… and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier.”可知，本文的目的是为了解释团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。故选D。
考向探究，规律探寻
掌握中考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧，正确地理解和分析问题，考生应从以下几个方面入手：
一、主旨题
文章段落的首句和末句，一般表达文章的主题和段落的中心思想，其他句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目标，找出文章及段落中的主题句，了解了它们的含义，就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息，从而获得解决问题的答案。最有效的办法是找出主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：
（1）表述的意思通常是总结性的；
（2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式；
（3）段落中其他的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的。
二、 推断题
推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。
（1）事实推断。这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。
（2）指代推断。确定指代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式应与被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象的第一个辅助标志。
（3）逻辑推断。这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感受。
（4）对作者的意图和态度的推断。这一类考题大都要求学生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。总之，只要平时善于积累，并熟练运用上述解题技巧，初中阅读理解题就将不再是难题。
三、 猜测词义题
阅读短文时，常常会遇到一些生词。这时，考生要沉着、冷静，细心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。
通过对全篇短文的理解，就有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外，还可以从含有生词句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之间的关系来判断、理解生词以求获得其真正含义。猜测生词的另一种方法是，根据构词法推测。遇到生词后，可从构词法角度分析判断生词。例如： inexpensive一词，其中词根expensive的含义是“贵的”。前缀in是“不”的意思，因此可以猜测此词词义为“不贵的，便宜的”。总之，猜词题可以用到以下技巧（1）. 根据文中的解释（2）. 使用逗号、破折号和括号等（3）. 根据同位语或根据同等关系（4）. 根据语义的转折关系（5）. 根据因果关系（6）. 根据构词法知识 （7）. 根据常识，上下文逻辑
四、 细节理解题。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
做细节理解题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法.先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句.仔细品味，对照比较.确定答案。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。
考向一、应用文
Passage 1
（2023·福建）
Books of the Week
※ Laurence in Hopeland — by Wilton Smith Laurence is a boy from Hopeland, a place with magic. He lives with his parents and beloved grandpa. One day when he can’t find his grandpa who has magic powers, Laurence teams up with his uncle to find out the truth.
※ Gavin Talks to Birds — by Wayae Abel When 10-year-old Gavin joins a team of superheroes, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk to birds. Now a whole world has opened up to him, but can he use his new abilities to help save the birds’ world
※ Life of Dorothy — by Nelson Arthur After meeting a stranger, Dorothy finds herself in a place with deep mystery. She is now meeting with many strange things, from some sudden accidents to losing her friend’s pet pig. The ups and downs of the story will keep you laughing from beginning to end.
※ The Last of Drumfield — by Gorgeous Morgan It’s about Ella who has got a book from her aunt. When she is reading the book with her good friend, they drop into the book and are taken to a fairytale (童话的) world. And they have to find a way back.
1. Which book is about looking for Grandpa
A. Laurence in Hopeland. B. Gavin Talks to Birds.
C. Life of Dorothy. D. The Last of Drumfield.
2. Who can talk to birds
A. Laurence. B. Gavin. C. Dorothy. D. Ella.
3. Dorothy gets into trouble after she ________.
A. meets a stranger B. loses her pet pig C. reads a scary story D. laughs at her friend
4. The writer of Life of Dorothy is ________.
A. Wilton Smith B. Wayae Abel C. Nelson Arthur D. Gorgeous Morgan
5. What do we know about Ella
A. She is good at magic. B. She helps save the birds’ world.
C. She lives in a fairytale world. D. She experiences an unusual trip.
Passage 2
（2023·杭州）
I like going to stores, but how do you know if a store has what you want The great thing about shopping online is saving time! There are so many choices, and it doesn’t take much time to find what you want! (Jake, Sydney, Australia)
The first time I bought something online, I was a little nervous. I didn’t know how they were going to ship it. But it arrived OK. Now the only problem is that I do too much shopping online. And because I don’t have to go out much anymore, I’m not very fit! (Mari, Lima, Peru)
I wanted to buy a new pair of sunglasses, but I was too busy to go to the stores in the city center. So I decided to order them online. They arrived quickly, but they were broken and the case looked used! So I had to go to the store to change them. What a waste of time! (Troy, Jersey City, USA)
I bought a lot of electronics online last year, and everything was a good deal. The problem is that someone stole my credit card (信用卡) information and went shopping. My advice is: Be very careful when you shop online! (Eric, Ottawa, Canada)
I buy all my things online-it’s so cool! I never have to go to the mall or wait in line to pay. And I don’t have to go around to different stores to compare prices. The only problem is that I usually spend too much money! I’m broke! (Nancy, Seattle, USA)
1. How did Mari feel when she first shopped online
A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Worried. D. Interested.
2. What was Troy’s opinion on his online shopping experience
A. It wasted time. B. It saved money. C. It harmed health. D. It provided choices.
3. Who does all the shopping online
A. Jake. B. Mari. C. Eric. D. Nancy.
Passage 3
（2023·江苏苏州）
What was your favorite subject in school History. I really loved studying different time periods, countries and cultures. I still love to read history books; travel when possible; watch the History Channel. —Kristin Singer Art. I was shy and quiet, and I could express my feelings through my artwork. It helped to build my self-confidence. —Blair C. Wilke History/social studies. A great teacher got me thinking about the role that each of us plays in society and how we can change the course of history. —Richard Goldman English. It created a love of books and writing in me. Being able to write beautiful words for others to read is real magic. —Tammy Bond Math. Some of the greatest life lessons I ever learned were in math. And then I decided I’d be a math teacher. —Teri Bench Top Answers Science 25% Math 18% History/social studies 17% English 14% Other (includes music, art, etc.) 26% What your favorite subject says about you Science: You are highly curious. You try to understand things by studying them carefully. You wisely connect ideas or reasons. Art: You are always looking for the bright side, even in the darkest situations, and often see the bigger picture. History: You seem to remember everything. You are wise, humorous and hardworking. Math: You’re well organized, seldom late and very strict. You can tell what things will be like. English: You are creative and open-minded. You love to explore in your own mind.
1. What percent of people in this survey like Science
A. 17%. B. 18%. C. 25%. D. 26%
2. What do Kristin Singer and Richard Goldman have in common
A. They both liked History. B. They did well in social studies.
C. They both enjoyed travelling. D. They showed interest in Math.
3. What does Tammy Bond’s favorite subject say about her
A. She is highly curious and studies things carefully.
B. She is shy and quiet and finds beauty through art.
C. She is strict and san tell what things will be like.
D. She is creative and loves to explore in her mind.
Passage 4
（2023·绍兴）
JOIN A WILD JOURNEY!
Head to a museum near you and find some inspiration!
JOIN in The Wild Escape and help create one big digital (数字的) artwork that’s all about showing how much you care for the nature around us.
This month, you’re invited to take part in The Wild Escape, a new project to inspire creativity around wildlife for pupils aged 7 to 11 years old, to find an animal you like in a local museum and create your own picture.
These pictures will then be uploaded and shown as part of a Wild World one big digital artwork at the end of this month.
Hope you’ll come and take action to care for nature.
Ready for a journey
Here’s how to take part:
◆Head along to your local museum and find one of the many animals waiting for you there.
◆What do you see It could be an animal crouching (蹲伏) in a painting or sitting in a photo! Whatever you find, make sure you have a good, long look at it.
◆Create a picture that imagines your animal coming to life and taking a wild journey to a new world.
◆Now, visit www. art fund. org/firstnews to send your picture to a huge digital artwork.
1. We can learn from the text that The Wild Escape ________.
A. expects pupils to care for nature B. tries to find creative pupils aged 12
C. plans to start a new project next month D. is going to raise money for museums
2 To take part in The Wild Escape, you have to ________.
A. study an animal in the wild B. take a drawing lesson
C. hand in your picture online D. pay a visit to a local zoo
3. What is the text
A. A diary. B. An advertisement. C. A news report. D. A book review.
Passage 5
（2023·深圳中学一模试题）
Spend your holiday in a smart way with these apps!
Grammarly is great for checking spelling, grammar, punctuation (标点) and other kinds of mistakes. Type your message and then Grammarly will check if there is a mistake. Next, the app will show you how to fix the mistake and why it is wrong. If you want to find some good synonyms (近义词) for your words, Grammarly can also help.
How can we exercise by ourselves safely The app Fitbod can show you how to exercise correctly with clear and easy videos. If you have no equipment (器材), Fitbod can show you how to do simple exercises with just your body. Fitbod can change to meet your needs after each exercise. If some of your muscles (肌肉) are tired, the app will focus on others.
Do you always want to use a calculator to help solve math problems Now there is an app that does even more for you than calculators. This app is called Mathway. It can show you how to solve difficult math problems. Even better, the app can explain each step for solving math problems. This way, you can understand how to solve a math problem.
School, studies, family—we have so many things to do! How can we manage our tasks Watoo can help us! It help us sort out what is important or urgent (紧急的) by using its colorful faces. A big red face means a task is really important. A small, happy yellow face means we can take our time. Let’s use this app to organize your tasks in a fun way.
1. Grammarly can do many things EXCEPT ________.
A. checking spelling mistakes for you B. fixing the mistake on its own
C. finding good synonyms for your words D. checking punctuation mistakes
2. What does the underlined word “others” refer to
A. other apps B. other muscles C. other equipment D. other exercises
3. What makes Mathway better than other calculators
A. It can help solve harder math problems. B. It can calculate at a faster speed.
C. It can explain steps for solving math problems. D. It can show you answers more quickly.
4. According to the last paragraph, which of the following is TRUE
A. It is fun to have so many things to do.
B. A small red face means a task is important.
C. Watoo can help complete our tasks in a fun way.
D. A small happy yellow face means a task is not urgent.
5. What is the main idea of this passage
A. Ways to spend your holiday happily. B. Ways to have fun during your holiday.
C. Apps to spend your holiday smartly. D. Apps to help you learn in a smart way.
Passage 6
（2023·深圳一模试题）
Six Hours Free Parking If you spend $ 100 or more in our stores you will receive six hours of free parking. When you have spent $100 or more, just take this coupon and your receipt to the customer service desk on level 4. They will stamp your parking ticket to allow 6 hours of free parking. Offer here until November 14.
Win a $1000 CD Collection Win your choice of $1000 worth of CDs from JB Music Store. Just buy any two CDs and your name will go into the competition. Select your own prize from our wide variety of rock, pop, jazz and classical music. Competition ends November 14. Prize drawn on November 21. Check store for more information.
Buy One, Get One Free Buy one shirt or tie at Daniel’s Menswear, and get another shirt or tie of the same value free. Choose from any of our dress shirts and we will give you another one at no cost. Hurry! Offer ends November 14. Offer limited to one per customer.
10% Off Present this coupon at The Book Store to get a 10% discount on any books you buy. We have lots of books to choose from, including children’s books, novels, travel guides, and science works. You are sure to find something that you will enjoy. Shop now for Christmas, we have a large quantity of toys as gifts for you and avoid the rush! Offer here until November 14.
Half-price Movie Tickets Buy any full-price movie ticket on Tuesdays or Wednesdays, and you can buy a second tickets for a friend for only half price. The latest movies are here, being shown in one of our five theaters at Bayfield Shopping Center. Offer here through December 1, Limit on per customer.
Free Soft Drink Buy any meal for at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free soft drink. We serve the best food in the Shopping e in and try our delicious meals and our excellent service. You won’t be disappointed! Free soft drink offer ends November 14.
1. What are these ads for
A. Food you can order for delivery. B. Places to go on vacation.
C. Things on sale in a big store. D. Special offers at a shopping center.
2. Which of the following is true according to the ads
A. Spending $50 means 3 hours of free parking.
B. One person can buy 5 tickets for the price of three.
C. At Mike’s Café, people can get a free drink after spending $6.
D. After buying two CDs, you can get another two CDs for free.
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned at this mall
A. Clothes store. B. Book store. C. Music store. D. Toy store.
4. When does the book discount offer end
A. November 14. B. November 21. C. December 1. D. December 21.
5. We can know from this passage ________.
A. there is more than one theater in the center.
B. if you buy a book there, you may pay less than half the price.
C. you may get a free one if you buy a shirt, or a tie, or a pair of shoes.
D. you won’t get a free soft drink unless you spend more than 10 dollars on the meal.
Passage 7
（2023·江苏扬州）
China has made great achievements in biodiversity protection. Building a national park system is one of the greatest jobs that China has done so far. In October 2021, China’s first five national parks were designated (认定). They are home to nearly 30% of the earth’s key wildlife species (物种) found in China, covering a protected land area of 230,000 square kilometers. This table will inform you of the first five national parks—China’s treasures in nature.
Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park Locations: Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces Landscapes: Mountains, hills, and valleys Representative species: Siberian tiger, Amur leopard (豹) Progress: Increasing population of protected animal species from the year of 2015 to 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur leopards: 42→60
Sanjiangyuan National Park Locations: Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region Landscapes: Glaciers, snow-capped mountains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands Representative species: Snow leopard, Tibetan antelope Progress: At present, the vegetation coverage of the grassland in the park has been over 60%, which is nearly 5% higher than that in 2015.
Giant Panda National Park Locations: Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces Landscapes: Mountains, basins Representative species: Giant panda, red panda Progress: It is protecting over 70% of the wild giant panda population in the country. The population of protective animals in the park — Giant pandas 50+; Sichuan takins 1,300+
Wuyishan National Park Locations: Fujian and Jiangxi provinces Landscapes: Mountains Representative species: Chinese pangolin, Cabot’s tragopan Progress: Through reasonable development of 10% of its area, the park has holds its biodiversity conservation in 90% of its area under protection.
Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Locations: Hainan Province Landscapes: Mountains Representative species: Hainan black crested gibbon Progress: The population of Hainan’s black crested gibbon in the wild — 1970s: 2 groups of 7 individuals (个体); At present: 5 groups of 36 individuals
31. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. When China’s first five national parks were discovered.
B. Some general information of China’s first five national park!
C. What challenges China’s first five national parks are facing.
D. Some actions to protect the wildlife species in these parks.
32. According to the passage, which park has the most types of landscapes
A. Wuyishan National Park. B. Giant Panda National Park.
C. Sanjiangyuan National Park. D. Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park.
33. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about the progress of the parks
A. B.
C. D.
Passage 8
（2023·山东滨州）
Children’s games in ancient China
During ancient times, children didn’t have smart phone, iPad or computer to entertain them. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood. Let’s take a look.
Playing hide-and-seek Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to play a trick on him or, more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them.
Flying kites Kites have quite a long history in China. The earliest kites weren’t made of paper. They were made of wood instead. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its own style. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite.
Watching shadow plays The most similar thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. The artists controlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen to make the puppets move like people and tell stories. People liked listening to the music and enjoyed the beautiful puppets.
Kicking stone balls During the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to keep warm. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet.
26. How can hide-and-seek be played
A. One plays and others watch.
B. One must cry and others laugh.
C One tries to find and others hide.
D. One runs and others try to catch.
27. In ancient China, the earliest kites were made of ________.
A. paper B. metal C. plastic D. wood
28. The game that’s like watching a film is ________.
A. kicking atone balls B. flying kites
C. watching shadow plays D. playing hide-and-seek
29. According to the passage, the game of kicking a stone ball was ________.
A. often played in winter B. popular in South China
C. invented in Beijing D. played to keep cool
30. From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. Tianjin is famous for the bird-shaped kite with long wings
B. the puppets could move like people with the artists’ controlling
C. kicking a stone ball was a popular game before the Qing Dynasty
D. all the children must cover their eyes while playing hide-and-seek
Passage 9
（2023·湖北宜昌）
Come and buy books at our great sale! Here is the information about some new books. You will get 50% off if you buy three or more books together.
Chinese Clothing(￥50)
It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university. It’s about typical Chinese clothing styles in different historical periods. From the book, readers can know traditional Chinese customs have made a big difference in clothing culture.
A Little Bit of Beijing ( 60)
The writers are Li Han and Hu Yan. The book is about the beautiful buildings in Beijing. It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.
The Brightest from the Best( 40)
The writers are Hong and Zhang Xiaolong. The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people. They graduated from top universities and went to serve the people in the poor areas in China.
Stories of China( 30)
It’s written in both English and Chinese. All the writers are from China and UK. The folk stories in this book help readers understand Chinese history and culture better.
26. Who wrote Chinese Clothing according to the passage
A. Hua Mei. B. Hu Yan. C. Li Han. D. Wang Hong.
27. Which book is the best gift for kids who like colorful pictures
A. Stories of China. B. Chinese Clothing.
C. A Little Bit of Beijing. D. The Brightest from the Best.
28. What is The Brightest from the Best about
A. The history of clothes. B. The folk stories of China.
C. The beauty of Beijing. D. The real stories of young people.
29. How much will you pay if you buy these four books together
A. 70 yuan. B. 90 yuan. C. 140 yuan. D. 180 yuan.
30. What do you know from the passage
A. An introduction to some books. B. A list of several bookstores.
C. An interview with foreign readers. D. A report on famous writers.
Passage 10
(2023-24·江苏常州期末考)
Here are some children’s books. They are also very popular with parents because it’s a good choice to read these books to their children while parenting them.
Goodnight Moon Goodnight Moon is perhaps children’s perfect bedtime book. It is a short poem of goodnight wishes from a young rabbit that is prepared to sleep. He says goodnight to everything in the room. The pictures are simple, changing between small ink drawings and wide, brightly coloured views of the little rabbit’s room. Because of the nice poetry of the words and the gentle pictures, this book is loved by a great number of readers.
Baby Touch and Feel: Animals A small touch-and-feel book full of bunnies (小兔子) and other soft animals, Baby Touch and Feel: Animals, is a gift that your little one is sure to like. It is filled with real-life animal pictures having touch-and-feel textures (质地) that can develop kids’ knowledge while increasing their use of senses. Its cover can still remain strong even after being thrown away, and its thick and strong board pages won’t tear. Your baby can practise learning about animals and their noises while touching the textures on the pages.
Peek-a Who Colourful pictures and simple rhyming texts help children guess what’s peeking (偷窥) through the windows. Wondering what’s hiding on the next page and looking through those bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way to the unexpected endings.
The Wonderful Things You Will Be From brave and creative to clever, Emily Winfield Martin expresses all the loving things that parents think of when they look at their children. With beautiful pictures, this is a book that grown-ups will love reading over and over to kids to show their love. This book reminds parents that no child is the same. They each have their own potential (潜能) and challenges. The book has a loving and truthful message that will last for a lifetime.
1. What does the underlined word “tear” mean
A. break B. close C. open D. lose
2. Which book will make children feel surprised when they come to the end of the book
A. Goodnight Moon B. Baby Touch and Feel: Animals
C. Peek-a Who D. The Wonderful Things You Will Be
3. What do the four books have in common
A. Their writers are all children. B. They all have rhyming poems.
C. Their characters are all animals. D. They all have attractive pictures.
考向二、记叙文
Passage 1
（2023-24·江苏扬州期末考）
The Hugo (雨果) Awards, the world’s top science fiction awards, were announced on the night of Oct 21, 2023. Chinese writer Hai Ya’s book The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette. He became the third Chinese writer to win a Hugo award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016.
When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea from a famous painting by Wang Ximeng from the Song Dynasty (960-1279). Based on Wang, Hai Ya created a painter named Zhao Ximeng. After many hard times, Zhao’s mind leaves his body and enters a space where a modern policeman is trying to solve a case about an ancient painting.
Hai Ya’s story with science fiction began in his childhood. “When I was a child, the bookstore in my hometown helped create a beautiful garden in my mind that belonged to me only. In it, science fiction offered the most beautiful ‘flowers’. Science fiction opened up a new world to him as a kid,” said Hai Ya.
Hai Ya’s works are a mix of history and science fiction. These two styles seem opposite. One looks back at the past, and the other faces the future. However, in Hai Ya’s works, they find a perfect balance.
“If we can only imagine the future and things in space like rockets, it will only limit our imagination. I don’t think history is something completely in the past. It is flowing, and we can look forward to the future by looking back at history. History is also part of our future,” Hai Ya said.
Science fiction lovers in China feel inspired (激发) by Hai Ya. More Chinese writers today are trying to mix traditional culture with modern stories. Hai Ya believes that it is not a choice but a natural process (过程). “Our history and culture have universal values (普世价值) that can touch everyone,” he said.
47. What do we know about The Space-Time Painter
A. It tells Wang Ximeng’s life story. B. It is inspired by an ancient painting.
C. Its story is based on the faraway future. D. It is a novel about the Song Dynasty.
48. How did science fiction influence Hai Ya as a child
A. It offered him traditional ways to write novels. B. It taught him a lot about planting flowers.
C. It introduced him to a different world. D. It helped him mix the East with the West.
49. What does Hai Ya believe about the relationship between history and the future
A. History is opposite to the future.
B. History can help us look forward to our future.
C. History offers us everything to shape our future.
D. History and the future are separate from each other.
50. What can we learn from the passage
A. Chinese traditional culture is inspired by Hai Ya.
B. Mixing traditional and modern culture is a choice.
C. Chinese writers are trying to limit their science fiction works.
D. A new force of science fiction has risen to spread Chinese culture.
Passage 2
（2023-24·广州番禺区统考）
Su Shi, also known as Su Dongpo, was an outstanding Chinese poet（政治家）, who lived during the Song Dynasty from 1037 to 1101.
Su Shi was born into a well﹣known family in Meishan, Sichuan province. His father and brother were both great poets. Su Shi showed great talent from a young age and was known for his skills in handwriting and painting. At the age of 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial（科举）, Su held a number of different government positions across China. However, his different opinions often got him into trouble because of disagreements at our three times. In 1079, Su Shi was even sent to prison. Although he got out of prison at last, Su Shi’s literary talent continued to shine, and he produced exile, ”Red Cliff”, a great number of poetic works during his lifetime. In 1080, he found peace in nature and produced some of his best works. The famous poem, “Red Cliff”, as he was also a great prose writer. His article “On the Love of the Lotus”shows his love for the beauty of the flower. In addition, his collection of short stories, shows his humour and wisdom.
It was not only in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an official, he won the love and support of the people. During his services, he did a lot for the people. In 1077, he protected the city from a terrible flood. The people in Xuzhou were thankful to him and gave him some food as presents.
Although Su Shi’s life was filled with both achievements and troubles, he is remembered as one of the greatest people in Chinese history, and his creative genius and strong spirit continue to influence and guide people around China.
30. In what order did the following happen in Su Shi’s life 　 　
a. He began his official career.
b. He protected Xuzhou from a flood.
c. He created “Red Cliff”.
d. He was sent in prison.
e. He showed great talent in painting.
A. e﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣d B. e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c C. a﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣d D. a﹣c﹣e﹣b﹣d
31. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Sushi’s official career.
B. Sushi’s early life experience.
C. Sushi’s achievements in literary field.
D. Sushi’s most important literary works.
32. Why could Su Shi win the support from people
A. He looked on the bright side and created many works.
B. He was good at writing humorous and wise short stories.
C. He cared about the people and helped them solve problems.
D. He was sent to prison and under strict control for a long time.
33. What does the writer think of Su Shi
A. He encourages a lot of people.
B. He has changed Chinese history.
C. He is the greatest poet in China.
D. He lived a happy and successful life.
Passage 9
（2024·深圳一模）
Christina wanted to lead the way back to camp and went on talking cheerfully, asking different kinds of questions about plants and wildlife.
As we walked about halfway down the hillside, she fell over a stone. I jogged up to where she tripped. Suddenly, I saw a lion about ten feet up on a huge rock watching me. It was making a long deep angry sound.
I stood perfectly still, holding my breath, wondering what to do. Christina was crying down below. I couldn’t shout to her to be quiet, or the lion might attack me.
Then, remembering Dad’s words, I slowly dropped my backpack and took off my T-shirt. With the pack on one arm and the T-shirt on the other, I spread my arms, trying to look as wide and big as I could. Carefully I moved away down the hillside toward Christina, keeping my eyes on the lion.
“Christina,” I called. “Stop crying. Get up slowly and catch my belt. We’re going down the hill. There’s a lion at the top.”
We moved quietly and slowly down the hill. Once back to the forest, with the lion out of view, I removed the sweat (汗水) from my face with my T-shirt before putting it on, and looked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nothing major.
I pulled out the map. The campground was on the other side of the hill. We had hiked for miles before we finally made our way back to our site.
Dad saw me first.
“Where have you been ” he shouted.
“We were so worried,” Mother cried.
“Mommy, you didn’t have to worry. Sean is real smart.” Christina said.
I caught Dad’s eye. He smiled. At that moment I realized I was a big brother.
16. How did Christina feel before she fell over a stone
A. Happy. B. Proud. C. Nervous. D. Worried.
17. What did Sean do when he first saw the lion
A. He started crying. B. He picked up a huge rock.
C. He remained still. D. He jogged up to his sister.
18. Why did Sean try to look wide and big
A. To keep balance. B. To scare the lion.
C. To show confidence. D. To prepare to fight.
19. What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 6
A. Sean didn’t care about Christina at all. B. Sean didn’t relax until he reached the forest.
C. Christina got badly hurt on the way back. D. Christina comforted Sean by cleaning his face.
20. What is the best title of this passage
A. Father’s Smiling Eyes B. A Terrible Mountain Lion
C. The Way to Becoming a Big Brother D. Christina’s Exciting Wild Adventure
Passage 4
（2023·湖北武汉）
Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.
_________. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails(凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school.
Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They develop a new appreciation for them,” he said.
Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.
1. After Bert was honored with Young Heroes, _________.
A. he often gave speeches in public
B. he set up his “green” project
C. he became interested in swallowtails
D. he went on protecting insects
2. Which of the following can be put in _________
A. Bert saved many swallowtails
B. Bert had a dull childhood
C. Bert found his love early in life
D. Bert made a hard decision
3. The underlined word “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “_________”.
A. dangerous to feed B. easy to get close to
C. hard to raise D. safe to reach
4. The main reason for Bert to create a zinnia garden at school was _________.
A. to watch students have fun
B to make his school more beautiful
C. to stop swallowtails from disappearing
D. to help kids learn about swallowtails
5. What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Bright Flower B. A Flying Project C. A Green Garden D. A Warning Action
Passage 5
（2023·河南）
Plunk! I dropped another pecan (山核桃) into my basket. Then a gentle autumn wind blew some more off the tree. I ran to pick them up. Whew! Pecan picking was hard. My basket was only half full.
I was visiting my grandpa’s farm in Kansas, and Grandpa sent me into the woods to pick up pecans for us to enjoy later. I wasn’t about to let him down.
Then something caught my eye: a squirrel picked up a pecan, climbed up a tree and disappeared into a large hole. A moment later, the squirrel climbed down to the ground to pick another pecan. Once again, he took the pecan back to his secret hiding place inside the hollow (洞) of the tree.
Not so secret anymore, I thought. I ran over to the tree and found the hollow was filled with sweet pecans. They were right there for the taking. This was my chance. Handful by handful, I took all the pecans from the hollow. Now the basket was full!
I was so proud of myself. I couldn’t wait to show Grandpa all of the pecans I’d collected.
“Look, Grandpa,” I shouted, “look at all of the pecans I found!”
Grandpa took a look at my basket. “Well, well, how did you find so many, Jimmy ” I told him how I’d followed the squirrel and taken the pecans from his hiding place. Grandpa congratulated me on finding out something about the squirrel’s habits. Then he did something that surprised me. He handed the basket back to me and put his arm gently around my shoulders.
“That squirrel worked very hard to collect his winter food” he said. “Now that all of his pecans are gone, don’t you think that little squirrel will be very hungry when it gets cold ”
“I didn’t think about that,” I said.
“I know,” Grandpa said. “But a good man should never take advantage of someone else’s hard work, even the squirrel’s.”
Suddenly I felt as hollow as that old tree. The image (形象) of that hungry squirrel wouldn’t leave my mind. There was only one thing I could do.
…
6. Why did the writer go to the woods at the beginning of the story
A. To pick up pecans. B. To catch little animals.
C. To feed the squirrels. D. To look for his grandpa.
7. The writer was proud of himself because ________.
A. he was praised by his grandpa
B. he found out his grandpa’s secret
C. he helped the squirrel in the hollow
D. he filled his basket with so many pecans
8. Which of the following can best describe Grandpa
A. Kind and wise. B. Caring and humorous.
C. Shy and friendly. D. Patient and hard-working.
9. What is the possible ending to the story
A. The writer sent the pecans to his neighbors.
B. The writer put all the pecans back into the hole.
C. The writer hid the pecans in his grandpa’s house.
D. The writer enjoyed all the pecans with his family.
10. What is the best title for the text
A. An unusual tree B. The stolen pecans
C. A smart squirrel D. The magic basket
Passage 6
（2023·苏州）
It was my first day at school. It was also Miss Caroline’s first day to be a teacher.
Miss Caroline began the day by reading us a story about cats Then she started to teach us the alphabet (字母表).
When Miss Caroline discovered that I was literate (有读写能力的), she said, “Tell your father not to teach you any more. It’s best to begin reading and writing with a fresh mind.”
After supper that night, Atticus sat down with the paper and called, “Scout, ready to read ”
I told Atticus I didn’t feel very well and didn’t think I’d go to school any more if it was all right with him.
“You never went to school and you do all right, so I’ll just stay home too. You can teach me like Grandaddy taught you.”
“No, I can’t,” said Atticus. “I have to make a living. Besides, they’d put me in prison if I kept you at home. Now what’s the matter ”
I told him what happened at school. “Miss Caroline said you taught me all wrong, so we can’t ever read any more. Please don’t send me back, please sir.”
“First of all,” he said, “if you can learn a simple trick, Scout, you’ll get along a lot better with all kinds of people. You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view—”
“Sir ”
“—until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.”
Atticus continued, “You learned many things today. Miss Caroline learned several things herself. We could not expect her to learn all our ways in one day, and we should understand her when she knew no better.”
“But if I keep on going to school, we can’t ever read any more…”
“That’s really worrying you, isn’t it ”
“Yes, sir.”
When Atticus looked at me, I saw the look on his face that always made me expect something. “Do you know what a compromise (妥协) is ” he asked.
“Breaking the law ”
“No, an agreement. It works this way,” he said. “If you promise me to go to school, we’ll go on reading every night as usual. Is it OK ”
“Yes sir!”
1. What happened to Scout on her first day at school
A. She was not able to read the alphabet.
B. She lost interest in reading and writing.
C. She couldn’t follow Miss Caroline in class.
D. She was asked to stop learning from Atticus.
2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 11 mean
A. To play a small trick on him. B. To walk hand in hand with him.
C. To tell him about your thoughts. D. To think from his point of view.
3. What did Scout agree to do towards the end of the story
A. Go to school. B. Stay at home.
C. Teach herself. D. Make a living.
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. Scout didn’t trust Atticus. B. Scout didn’t like reading.
C. Atticus was a wise father. D. Atticus was mad at Scout.
Passage 7
（2023·广州一模）
Isaac Newton was born on Christmas Day, 1642. From the very first Newton was very much interested in the mysteries of nature. Why did objects move Why could we see that stones rolled down hills, wind blew leaves along the ground, and heavy objects fell to the earth when dropped
At the age of twenty-three, Isaac Newton moved from Cambridge to his country home. There, his thoughts turned to the problems of motion (运动定律). As Newton himself later told the story, he was sitting in the garden one evening, thinking, when he noticed a falling apple. The apple set him to wondering about the movement of falling objects.
It occurred to him that the force which caused fruit to fall from trees worked as well at greater distances from the center of the earth—on top of buildings or even on top of mountains. Perhaps, thought Newton, this same force reached out much farther still, even to the moon. Newton began to search for a mathematical expression of his idea.
In 1669, Newton became a professor of mathematics at Cambridge. Three years later, he joined the Royal Society. Before long, Newton began again to study the problems of motion. At last, he seemed to have solved the main difficulties, but he did not publish his findings at once.
Only in 1687 did he at last publish his new theory. Newton’s great work, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, marked the success of the Scientific Revolution. Newton put the famous three laws of motion in it. Newton was soon recognized as the leader of English science. In 1703, he became the president of the Royal Society.
Science was never quite the same after Newton’s discoveries. No wonder that the eighteenth-century poet Pope, looking back at Newton’s work, wrote: Nature and Nature’s laws lay hid in night; God said, Let Newton be!—And all was light.
Newton, however, never rested on his fame (名望). He continued to work and study. In his last years, he once said to a friend, “I do not know what I may appear to the world, but to myself I seem to have been only like a boy, playing on the seashore, and now and then finding a smoother pebble (鹅卵石) or a prettier shell, while the great ocean of truth lay undiscovered before me.”
1. Where did Newton begin to turn to the problems of motion
A. At home. B. At Cambridge. C. Outside the garden. D. On top of a building.
2. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________.
A. the Royal Society B. the success of the Scientific Revolution
C. Newton’s new theory D. The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
3. In what order did the following events happen to Newton
a. He became curious about the movement of falling objects.
b. He published his new theory.
c. He joined the Royal Society.
d. He showed great interest in the mysteries of nature.
e. He was recognized as the leader of English science.
A. d-a-c-b-e B. d-c-a-e-b C. a-d-c-e-b D. a-d-e-b-c
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Newton acted like a little boy. B. Newton continued to work for fame.
C. Newton liked playing on the seashore. D. Newton only focused on working and studying.
Passage 8
（2023·江苏扬州）
That night, July 11, 2022, Nick Bostic was driving down the streets of Lafayette, Indiana, when he found a two-story house was on fire.
Flames (火焰) were climbing up the front porch. Without pausing for a moment to think about the danger, Bostic stopped his car and ran from the back door into the burning building, which belongs to the Barrett family.
Bostic had just started climbing the stairs when he looked up and saw four faces appear from a room at the top of the stairs and look down at him, their eyes wide. “Your house is on fire, you need to go!” Bostic yelled.
Bostic hurried the four girls into the fresh air. “Anybody else in there ” Bostic asked.
“Kaylani is in there! We can’t find her!” Seionna, the eldest of the girls, screamed referring to her six-year-old sister. Without hesitating, Bostic ran back inside.
By now, the whole side of the house was in flames. Bostic went upstairs. He searched every bedroom. No kid. The smoke was thick now. He lifted his T-shirt, trying to cover his mouth and nose when he heard the sound of crying, from the dark smoke below.
Bostic felt about in the blackness and heat, moving downstairs toward the sound. Then suddenly Kaylani was in front of him. Bostic quickly lifted the girl into his arms. Where is the front door ! Bostic remembered seeing a window on the side of the house where the fire hadn’t reached.
Bostic climbed back up, made it to the room and broke the glass, Kaylani still in his arms.
Bostic and Kaylani looked down at the open grassy space. The girl said, “___________” He was thinking the exact same thing.
But they had little choice. The flames were inching ever closer. Holding Kaylani tightly in one arm, Bostic ran forward and threw himself out of the window. He managed to land on the other shoulder. Kaylani was almost unhurt.
Days passed. Bostic woke up from first-degree burns to his leg and arm, He felt like he’d just done what anyone would have done in that situation. But outside the hospital, the story of Nick Bostic was already spreading. He was a hero—the pizza man who had run into a burning building not once, but twice.
38. What does the underlined word “hesitating” mean in Paragraph 5
A. 交谈 B. 犹豫 C. 埋怨 D. 期待
39. Which of the following is the correct order of the story
a. Bostic looked for the door with Kaylani in his arms.
b. Bostic led the four girls out into the fresh air.
c. Bostic went upstairs to search every bedroom for Kaylani.
d. Bostic jumped out of the window holding Kaylani tightly in one arm.
e. Bostic followed the sound of crying to the dark smoke below.
A. cbade B. bcead C. ceabd D. baedc
40. Which sentence should go in the empt

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