资源简介

名词、数词
目 录
01 名词 2 02 数词 7
01 名词
一、单项选择
1 ．（2019 江苏卷）Nowadays the for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension
2 ．（2019 天津卷）We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) on our lives in
many ways.
A. statement B. impact
C. impression D. judgment
3 ．2（018 天津卷）The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to
explore the outer space.
A. advice B. order
C. possibility D. invitation
4 ．（2018 江苏卷）Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the you’ve made.
A. assignment B. association
C. acquisition D. assumption
5 ．（2016 天津卷）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance
6 ．（2024 ·新疆石河子第一中学月考）In the after-class activities, the students had plenty of and gained a lot of practical .
A ．exercises; experiences B ．practices; experience C ．practice; experience D ．exercise; experiences
7 ．（2024 ·天津市武清区杨村一中考试）A much better way must be found to achieve an equal of the
resources.
A ．distribution B ．contribution C ．catalogue D ．separation
8 ．（2024 ·天津市静海区第一中学调研）Distracted by the upcoming messages and various appealing
entertainment applications, addicted people multiply the time finishing a single task and gradually develop
.
_______
A ．exposure B ．distinction C ．delay D ．intelligence
9 ．（2024 ·河南省郑州外国语学校调研）Will it suit your that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening
A ．satisfaction B ．appointment C ．delight D ．convenience
10 ．（2024 天津模拟）There is a world of between liking someone and loving them.
A ．difference B ．amusement C ．expression D ．description
11 ．（2024 河北学考模拟）We have moved into a three-room flat so far. Our room is between .
A ．Mary’s and Helen’s B ．Mary and Helen’s C ．Mary and Helen D ．Mary’s and Helen
12 ．（2024 ·黑龙江省大庆中学月考）Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned .
A ．success, a writer B ．a success, writer
C ．success, writer D ．a success, a money
13 ．（2024 ·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学验收）The winner will receive of books.
A ．a ten pound worth B ．ten pound worthy C ．ten pounds' worth D ．ten pounds'worthy
14 ．（2024 ·广东省普宁市高三第一次调研）We’ve had a few , but we’re still good friends.
A ．disagree B ．disagrees C ．disagreement D ．disagreements
15 ．The environmentalists said wild goats’ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better
environment.
A ．accommodation B ．Absence
C ．attendance D ．appearance
16 ．Two teachers and four students were praised at the meeting yesterday.
A ．women; girl B ．woman; girl C ．woman; girls D ．women; girls
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1 ．（2024 ·河南省 TOP 二十名校调研考试（四））The symbolic movements of the animals can have great effects on the state of mind and behavior. The dignity and great power of the tiger, the elegance of the deer, the earthiness and soft strength of the bear, the graceful and free spirit of the bird and the liveliness of the monkey, all leave their
(mark) on the consciousness and assist in building confidence and dignity.
2 ．（2024 ·江苏省决胜新高考大联考）Porcelain has also been a carrier for cultural exchanges. Along with
China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the commodities traded worldwide. As it travelled around the globe
through the ancient Maritime Silk Road, porcelain enjoyed great (popular) among royal families and upper classes in Europe.
3 ．2（024 ·河北省百师联盟）Since its founding in 2004, the cultural fair has seen a continuous (expand) in its exhibition scale, visitor number and degree of internationalization.
4 ．（2024 · 河北省邯郸市调研监测）The idiom is one of the (representative) of ancient culture in Handan. Among the idioms people use in daily life, there are 1,584 of them from or related to Handan.
5 ．（2024 ·河北省衡水市第二中学综合素养检测）I found a way to channel that (curious) into science and that soon blossomed into engineering.
6 ．（2024 ·江苏省镇江第一中学学情检测）“The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such (wise) was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, an expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
7 ．（2023 · 全 国 甲 卷 ） The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction.
8 ．（2020 ·新课标 II 卷）Chinese New Year is a (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
9 ．（2022 · 全国甲卷） Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental (protect).
10 ．（2022 · 全国乙卷） “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
11 ．（2021 ·全国乙卷） Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the (develop)of the local areas.
12 ．（2024 福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测）In human history, many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country with uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on
both (shore) of the Yellow River in 2800 BC .
13 ．（2024 重庆市月考）Like many old Chinese art forms, Kunqu Opera has faced competition from mass culture and a lack of interest among young people, but the (recognize)by UNESCO put Kunqu Opera in the
international spotlight at the same time as it began to experience a domestic revival.
14 ．（2022 新高考Ⅰ卷）If it is not turned in by the (four) day after the due date, it will earn a zero.
15 ．(2022 全国甲卷)I remember the (one) time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water
like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.
三、根据汉语意思填写单词
1.（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）Cutting the budget was an impressive (成就).
2.（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）The workforce were willing to make (牺牲) in order to preserve jobs.
3 ．Lack of (专注)seriously affects learning efficiency in class.
4 ．There has been a lot of (抗拒) to this new law.
5 ．It is their (责任) to ensure students’ safety while facing dangers.
6 ．I tend to compare the prices and (质量) of products from different online shops.
7 ．In order to reduce your (焦虑) about the exam, you should go over your lessons carefully before that.
8 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市第二中学月考）China’s victory in poverty reduction has offered hope and provided a valuable frame of (参考) for the world, especially the developing countries.
9 ．（2024 ·江苏省常熟市阶段性抽测（一））The disagreement led to the (破裂) of talks between the
US and EU officials.
10 ．（2024 ·江苏省常熟市阶段性抽测（一））Students learn about the basics of Chinese (书法) from their teachers.
11 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）We are seeing the recent (激增) of interest in Latin music and dance.
12 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）The newly published review on the book has provoked much (争议).
13 ．（2024 ·新疆石河子第一中学月考）From my point of view, reading is one of the best ways to enrich your (词汇量).
14 ．（2024 ·新疆石河子第一中学月考）While wolves are dangerous animals, they are regarded as a (象
征) of bravery and courage by some people.
15 ．（2024 ·河北省唐山市第一中学月考）To my delight, I was being chosen from hundreds of (申请者) to attend the opening ceremony.
16 ．（2024 · 陕西省西安市铁一中学月考）Please allow me to offer my warmest (祝贺) to you on your recent academic success.
17 ．（2024 ·吉林）There’s as much (竞争) among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympics medals.
18 ．We are supposed to live in (和谐) with nature.
19 ．The athlete didn’t win a medal or become a champion, but we didn’t view him as a (失败者).
20 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市第二实验中学月考）Out of (好奇), the little boy peered into the office through the window.
02 数词
一、单项选择
1 ．（2023 ·河南省郑州外国语学校调研）The ant runs its own body every second, it is
quicker than an Olympic 100-meter runner.
A ．as 108 times as long; meaning B ．108 times longer than; which meaning C ．108 times the length of; which means D ．108 times how long; meaning
2 ． of the boys in our class going to join the army.
A ．Two fifths; is B ．Second fifths; are C ．Second fifths; is D ．Two fifths; are
3 ．On a distant mountain was_____ sign in characters. “One world, one dream” it said.
A ．a 20-feet B ．20-foots C ．a 20-foot D ．20 feet
4 ．It’s reported that of the road collapsed. It needs .
A ．three-fourths; was; repaired B ．three quarters; has; to repair
C ．three quarters; has; repairing D ．three-fourth; was; to be repaired
5 ． of the land in our hometown covered with trees and grasses.
A ．Three fifths; is B ．Three fifths; are C ．Three fifth; is D ．Three fifth; are
6 ．On a distant mountain was_____ sign in characters. “One world, one dream” it said.
A ．a 20-feet B ．20-foots C ．a 20-foot D ．20 feet
7 ．There are_____children in my grandfather's family and he is the_____child of the family.
A ．nine; fifth B ．nine; five C ．ninth; five D ．ninth; fifth
8 ．Our country is nearly_____years old. We'll celebrate its_____birthday on October 1, 2019 around the country.
A ．seventy, seventy B ．seventy, seventieth
C ．seventieth, seventy D ．seventieth, seventieth
9 ．_____of the students in our class_____going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A ．Two fifths, is B ．Second fifths, are
C ．Second fifths, is D ．Two fifths, are
10 ．—Hi, Ted! How was your trip to Mount Huangshan last month —Fantastic! I am expecting to go there for a time.
A ．one B ．first C ．two D ．second
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1 ．Two (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children’ were left
without parents.
2 ．This is the (nineteen) boy I’ve met this week that likes skating.
3 ． (million) of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.
4．When the explorers (one) set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.
5 ．If it is not turned in by the (two) day after the due date, it will earn a zero.
6 ．Students will work in groups to complete (fourth) assignments (作业) during the course.
7 ．In his (thirtieth), he was quite thin and pale and he had red bushy hair.
8 ．I can remember my mother's birthday. It's on July the (twelve).
9 ．However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one (three) of the total area,
providing housing for half of the population.
10 ．Osaka is the (two) largest city in Japan.
11 ．I’ve always loved the ocean. In the (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
12 ．In the summer holiday following my (eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons.
13 ．Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
14 ．Then, when I was in the (five) grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much.
15 ．Two (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured.名词、数词
目 录
01 名词 2
02 数词 13
01 名词
一、单项选择
1 ．（2019 江苏卷）Nowadays the for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority 优先；
优先权；B. potential 潜在的，可能的；C. proportion 比例，占比；D. pension 退休金，抚恤金。故选 A。
2 ．（2019 天津卷）We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) on our lives in
many ways.
A. statement B. impact
C. impression D. judgment
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影 响。 statement“陈述说明” ； impact“强烈的影响，冲击力” ； impression“印象，感想” ； judgement“判断力 判断”。故选 B。
3 ．2（018 天津卷）The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to
explore the outer space.
A. advice B. order
C. possibility D. invitation
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们
去探索外部空间。A. advice 建议；B. order 命令；C. possibility 可能性；D. invitation 邀请。故选 C。
点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题语法上是一个同位语 从句，从句 that there is life on other planets in the universe 是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判 断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。
4 ．（2018 江苏卷）Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the you’ve made.
A. assignment B. association
C. acquisition D. assumption
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行
事。A. assignment 分配；B. association 交往；C. acquisition 获得；D. assumption 假设。故选 D。
点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键词 actually happening 实际发生和 instead of 而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。
5 ．（2016 天津卷）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析： 句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会； 可能性。故选 D。
6 ．（2024 ·新疆石河子第一中学月考）In the after-class activities, the students had plenty of and gained a lot of practical .
A ．exercises; experiences B ．practices; experience C ．practice; experience D ．exercise; experiences
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析和不可数名词。句意：在课外活动中，同学们进行了大量的实践，获得了丰富 的实践经验。本题需要注意三个单词可数与不可数的用法， practice 指“实践”时为不可数名词；exercise 指“锻 炼”时，为不可数名词，表示“体操”或“练习（题）”时是可数名词；experience 指“经历”时为可数名词，指“经 验”时为不可数名词。结合句意可知， 第一空指“同学们进行了大量的实践”，用不可数名词 practice，第二空 意为“获得了丰富的实践经验”，用不可数名词 experience，故选 C。
7 ．（2024 ·天津市武清区杨村一中考试）A much better way must be found to achieve an equal of the
resources.
A ．distribution B ．contribution C ．catalogue D ．separation
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：必须找到一个更好的办法来平均分配资源。A. distribution 分配；B.
contribution 贡献；C. catalogue 目录（簿）；D. separation 分离，分开。分析句子结构和意思可知， 这里考查 名词 distribution，意为“分配，分发”。故选 A。
8 ．（2024 ·天津市静海区第一中学调研）Distracted by the upcoming messages and various appealing entertainment applications, addicted people multiply the time finishing a single task and gradually develop
.
_______
A ．exposure B ．distinction C ．delay D ．intelligence
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：被到来的信息和各种吸引人的娱乐软件所打扰，上瘾的人通常会成倍 地增加完成一个简单任务的时间，从而渐渐地变得拖延起来。根据句意可知， 此处意为“拖延，延迟”，故应
用名词 delay 作宾语。A. exposure 暴露，接触；B. distinction 差别，区分；C. delay 延迟，拖延；D. intelligence 智力。故选 C。
9 ．（2024 ·河南省郑州外国语学校调研）Will it suit your that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening
A ．satisfaction B ．appointment C ．delight D ．convenience
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 我们今晚 7 点见面，你看方便吗 A.satisfaction 满意；B.appointment 约 会， 预约，约定；C.delight 高兴；D.convenience 方便。分析可知， 名词 convenience 符合句意，作动词 suit 的宾语。故选 D 项。
10 ．（2024 天津模拟）There is a world of between liking someone and loving them.
A ．difference B ．amusement C ．expression D ．description
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference 不同；
B. amusement 高兴；C. expression 表达；D. description 描写。根据句子意思可知，“like”和“love”是近义词， 但是程度不一样，所以体现出它们的不同。故选 A 项。
11 ．（2024 河北学考模拟）We have moved into a three-room flat so far. Our room is between .
A ．Mary’s and Helen’s B ．Mary and Helen’s C ．Mary and Helen D ．Mary’s and Helen
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：目前，我们已经搬进了一个三居的公寓。我们的房间就在 Mary 和 Helen 的中间。根据前句 a three-room flat（三居的公寓），可知有三间卧室，我们和 Mary 以及 Helen 每人一间卧 室，所以我们的房子才能在她们俩人的之间（between）。A 项表示 Mary 和 Helen 分别有一间卧室。故选 A 项。
12 ．（2024 ·黑龙江省大庆中学月考）Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned .
A ．success, a writer B ．a success, writer
C ．success, writer D ．a success, a money
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success 成功，不可数名词。若作可 数名词，抽象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情”。此处前面已经有 a，故 of 后面不用冠词 a。a man of success 一个成功的人。turn 为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer 成为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。故 选 C 项。
13 ．（2024 ·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学验收）The winner will receive of books.
A ．a ten pound worth B ．ten pound worthy C ．ten pounds' worth D ．ten pounds'worthy
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：获胜者将得到价值 10 英镑的书籍。worth 价值，为名词，通常 worth 后 面跟着 of，而且句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds'后接名词，而 worthy 是形容词，故选 C。
14 ．（2024 ·广东省普宁市高三第一次调研）We’ve had a few , but we’re still good friends.
A ．disagree B ．disagrees C ．disagreement D ．disagreements
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中 作宾语， 应用名词，“disagree”意为“不同意”，动词词性，故 A 和 B 排除，“disagreement”意为“分歧”，为可 数名词，句中“a few”意为“一些，几个”，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用“disagreement”的复数形式 “disagreements”。故选 D 项。
15 ．The environmentalists said wild goats’ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better
environment.
A ．accommodation B ．Absence
C ．attendance D ．appearance
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：环保人士表示，野山羊出现在广阔的草原上，是环境改善的良好迹象。
A.accommodation 住处，膳宿；B.absence 缺席；C.attendance 出席；D.appearance 出现。根据“a good indication of the better environment”可知，此处是指野山羊出现在广阔的草原上。故选 D。
16 ．Two teachers and four students were praised at the meeting yesterday.
A ．women; girl B ．woman; girl
C ．woman; girls D ．women; girls
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词的数和名词作定语。句意： 在昨天的会上，两位女教师和四位女学生受到了表扬。woman teacher 女老师，其复数为women teachers，所以第一空处需用 women，第二空处需用名词作定语修饰名词 students，名词作定语时需用单数，所以第二空处需用 girl。故填 A。
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1 ．（2024 ·河南省 TOP 二十名校调研考试（四））The symbolic movements of the animals can have great effects on the state of mind and behavior. The dignity and great power of the tiger, the elegance of the deer, the earthiness and soft strength of the bear, the graceful and free spirit of the bird and the liveliness of the monkey, all leave their (mark) on the consciousness and assist in building confidence and dignity.
【答案】marks
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：老虎的威严和巨大力量、鹿的优雅、熊的率直和柔软力量、鸟的优雅和自 由精神、猴子的活泼，都在意识上留下了它们的印记，有助于建立信心和尊严。mark 意为“记号”，为可数 名词，且其前有 their 修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填 marks。
2 ．（2024 ·江苏省决胜新高考大联考）Porcelain has also been a carrier for cultural exchanges. Along with
China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the commodities traded worldwide. As it travelled around the globe
through the ancient Maritime Silk Road, porcelain enjoyed great (popular) among royal families and upper classes in Europe.
【答案】popularity
【解析】考查名词。句意：瓷器通过古代海上丝绸之路传遍世界各地，在欧洲皇室和上层阶级中广受欢迎。 分析句子可知，此处用名词作宾语，popularity“受欢迎度”，根据句意此处用作不可数名词，故填 popularity。
3 ．2（024 ·河北省百师联盟）Since its founding in 2004, the cultural fair has seen a continuous (expand) in its exhibition scale, visitor number and degree of internationalization.
【答案】expansion
【解析】考查名词。句意： 自 2004 年创办以来，文博会的展览规模、参观人数和国际化程度不断扩大。作 宾语应用名词 expansion，不定冠词提示用单数。故填 expansion。
4 ．（2024 · 河北省邯郸市调研监测）The idiom is one of the (representative) of ancient culture in Handan. Among the idioms people use in daily life, there are 1,584 of them from or related to Handan.
【答案】representatives
【解析】考查名词复数。句意：成语是邯郸古代文化的代表之一。one of +可数名词复数形式，意为“……之 一”，用可数名词 representative (代表)的复数形式。故填 representatives。
5 ．（2024 ·河北省衡水市第二中学综合素养检测）I found a way to channel that (curious) into science and that soon blossomed into engineering.
【答案】curiosity
【解析】考查名词。句意：我找到了一种将这种好奇心转化为科学的方法，并且它很快就发展成了工程学。 空处用于指示代词 that 之后，应用名词 curiosity，表示“好奇心”，作动词 channel 的宾语。故填 curiosity。
6 ．（2024 ·江苏省镇江第一中学学情检测）“The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such (wise) was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, an expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on Wednesday.
【答案】wisdom
【解析】考查名词。句意：这样的智慧是中国独有的。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填 名词作主语，wise 的名词形式是 wisdom。故填 wisdom。
7 ．（2023 · 全 国 甲 卷 ） The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction.
【答案】warning
【解析】考查名词。句意:然而,Carson 的主题是一个更加重要的有关环境破坏的警告。根据前文的 a 和形容 词 weighty 可知此处用单数名词 warning。故填 warning。
8 ．（2020 ·新课标 II 卷）Chinese New Year is a (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【答案】celebration
【解析】考查名词作表语。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词 a 后接名词形 式。故填 celebration。
9 ．（2022 · 全国甲卷） Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental (protect).
【答案】 protection
【解析】考查词形转换。曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾， 以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词 environmental 可知，此处用名词 protection，作宾语。故填 protection。
10 ．（2022 · 全国乙卷） “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest
tea-producing country, China has a (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
【答案】responsibility
【解析】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与 其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词 a 后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。
11 ．（2021 ·全国乙卷） Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the (develop)of the local areas.
【答案】development
【解析】考查名词作宾语。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理 环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词 the 可知， 此处填入名词 development 来做动词 benefits 的宾语。故填 development。
12 ．（2024 福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测）In human history, many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country with uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on
both (shore) of the Yellow River in 2800 BC .
【答案】shores
【解析】考查名词。句意： 公元前 2800 年，中华文明诞生于黄河两岸。根据 the Yellow River 可知，一条河 有两岸，此处用名词复数。故填 shores。
13 ．（2024 重庆市月考）Like many old Chinese art forms, Kunqu Opera has faced competition from mass culture and a lack of interest among young people, but the (recognize)by UNESCO put Kunqu Opera in the
international spotlight at the same time as it began to experience a domestic revival.
【答案】
【解析】考查名词。句意：像众多古老的中国艺术形式，昆曲面临着来自大众文化和年轻人缺乏兴趣的竞 争，但联合国教科文组织的认可在昆曲开始在国内复兴的同时，也将它置于国际聚光灯下。分析句子结构 可知，空处需用名词作主语； recognize 对应的名词为recognition“认可 ”，不可数名词，符合题意，故填 recognition。
14 ．（2022 新高考Ⅰ卷）If it is not turned in by the (four) day after the due date, it will earn a zero.
【答案】fourth
【解析】考查序数词。句意：如果在截止日期后的第四天还没有上交，就得零分。此处表示“第四天”。故填 fourth。
15 ．(2022 全国甲卷)I remember the (one) time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water
like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.
【答案】first
【解析】考查数词。表示“第几次”，应用“the＋序数词＋time”。故填 first。
三、根据汉语意思填写单词
1.（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）Cutting the budget was an impressive (成就).
【答案】accomplishment
【解析】考查名词。句意： 削减预算是一个令人印象深刻的成就。根据汉语提示可知， accomplishment 成就， 可数名词，由空前的 an 可知应用单数形式，在句中作表语，故填 accomplishment。
2.（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）The workforce were willing to make (牺牲) in order to preserve jobs.
【答案】sacrifices
【解析】考查名词。句意： 为了保住工作，工人们愿意做出牺牲。根据汉语提示可知， sacrifice 牺牲，可数 名词，在句中作动词 make 的宾语，make sacrifices 做出牺牲，故填 sacrifices。
3 ．Lack of (专注)seriously affects learning efficiency in class.
【答案】concentration
【解析】考查名词。句意：缺少专注严重影响课堂上的学习效率。分析句子可知，空处应用名词作宾语， 根据汉语提示，名词 concentration 符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填 concentration。
4 ．There has been a lot of (抗拒) to this new law.
【答案】resistance
【解析】考查名词。句意：这项新法律遭到了很多抵制。此处应用名词作宾语，“抗拒”为名词 resistance， 不可数，故填 resistance。
5 ．It is their (责任) to ensure students’ safety while facing dangers.
【答案】responsibility
【解析】考查名词。句意：面对危险的时候，确保学生的安全是他们的责任。根据汉语提示可知应填名词 responsibility，作表语，不可数。故填 responsibility。
6 ．I tend to compare the prices and (质量) of products from different online shops.
【答案】quality
【解析】考查名词。句意：我倾向于比较不同网店产品的价格和质量。根据汉语提示可知应用名词 quality， 作宾语，不可数。故填 quality 。
7 ．In order to reduce your (焦虑) about the exam, you should go over your lessons carefully before that.
【答案】anxiety
【解析】考查名词。句意：为了减少你对考试的焦虑，你应该在考试前仔细复习功课。根据汉语提示和句 意可知，空处可使用名词 anxiety（焦虑）在句中作宾语。故填 anxiety。
8 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市第二中学月考）China’s victory in poverty reduction has offered hope and provided a valuable frame of (参考) for the world, especially the developing countries.
【答案】reference
【解析】考查名词。句意：中国在减贫方面取得的胜利给世界特别是发展中国家带来了希望，提供了一份 宝贵的参考依据。根据空格前的介词 of 可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，结合汉语提示“参考”是 reference， 为可数名词，此处为名词的单数形式。故填 reference。
9 ．（2024 ·江苏省常熟市阶段性抽测（一））The disagreement led to the (破裂) of talks between the US and EU officials.
【答案】breakdown
【解析】考查名词。句意：这一分歧导致美国和欧盟官员之间的谈判破裂。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此 处使用名词 breakdown，作宾语，是不可数名词。故填 breakdown。
10 ．（2024 ·江苏省常熟市阶段性抽测（一））Students learn about the basics of Chinese (书法) from their teachers.
【解析】考查名词。句意：学生们从老师那里学习中国书法的基础知识。根据汉语提示可知应填名词 calligraphy，作宾语，不可数。故填 calligraphy。
11 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）We are seeing the recent (激增) of interest in Latin music and dance.
【答案】explosion
【解析】考查名词。句意：我们看到最近人们对拉丁音乐和舞蹈的兴趣激增。分析句子，设空处使用名词 作宾语，表示“激增”用 explosion。故填 explosion。
12 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学）The newly published review on the book has provoked much (争议).
【答案】controversy
【解析】考查名词。句意： 新出版的书评引起了很多争议。分析句子， 设空处使用名词作宾语，表示“争议” 用 controversy，其为不可数名词。故填 controversy。
13 ．（2024 ·新疆石河子第一中学月考）From my point of view, reading is one of the best ways to enrich your (词汇量).
【答案】vocabulary
【解析】考查名词。句意：在我看来，阅读是丰富词汇量的最好方法之一。“词汇量”应用名词 vocabulary，
作 enrich 的宾语，表示“丰富词汇量”，且此处特指“你的词汇量” ，vocabulary 应用单数形式。故填 vocabulary。
14 ．（2024 ·新疆石河子第一中学月考）While wolves are dangerous animals, they are regarded as a (象 征) of bravery and courage by some people.
【答案】symbol
【解析】考查名词。句意：虽然狼是危险的动物，但它们被一些人视为勇敢和勇气的象征。空处作介词 as 的宾语，空前有不定冠词 a，因此“象征”应用可数名词 symbol 的单数形式，a symbol of 意为“……的一种象 征”。故填 symbol。
15 ．（2024 ·河北省唐山市第一中学月考）To my delight, I was being chosen from hundreds of (申请者) to attend the opening ceremony.
【答案】applicants
【解析】考查名词。句意：令我高兴的是，我从数百名申请者中被选中参加开幕式。根据汉语提示可知应 用名词 applicant，且由 hundreds of 修饰应用复数形式。故填 applicants。
16 ．（2024 · 陕西省西安市铁一中学月考）Please allow me to offer my warmest (祝贺) to you on your recent academic success.
【答案】congratulations
【解析】考查名词。句意：请允许我对你最近的学术成就表示最热烈的祝贺。根据汉语提示“祝贺”及前文 my warmest 可知，此处应用名词 congratulation 作宾语。常用复数，故填 congratulations。
17 ．（2024 · 陕西省西安中学月考）There’s as much (竞争) among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympics medals.
【答案】competition
【解析】考查名词。句意：国家间主办奥运会的竞争与赢得奥运奖牌的竞争同样激烈。根据句意及汉语提
示可知，此处应用名词 competition，作主语，不可数名词。故填 competition。
18 ．We are supposed to live in (和谐) with nature.
【答案】harmony
【解析】考查名词。句意：我们应该与自然和谐相处。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填名词，作介词 in 的 宾语。根据首字母和汉语提示， “和谐”表达为 harmony ，live in harmony with... ，意为“与……和谐相处”，为 固定搭配。故填 harmony。
19 ．The athlete didn’t win a medal or become a champion, but we didn’t view him as a (失败者).
【答案】failure
【解析】考查名词。句意：这位运动员没有赢得奖牌，也没有成为冠军，但我们并不认为他是个失败者。
根据首字母和汉语提示可知，空处可使用名词 failure（失败者）在句中作宾语，不定冠词 a 后接名词单数形 式。故填 failure。
20 ．（2024 ·吉林省长春市第二实验中学月考）Out of (好奇), the little boy peered into the office through the window.
【答案】curiosity
【解析】考查名词。句意： 出于好奇，小男孩从窗户往办公室里看。空格处用名词作宾语， 由首字母提示 c 可知，“好奇 ”的名词是 curiosity，是不可数名词，故填 curiosity。
02 数词
一、单项选择
1 ．（2023 ·河南省郑州外国语学校调研）The ant runs its own body every second, it is
quicker than an Olympic 100-meter runner.
A ．as 108 times as long; meaning B ．108 times longer than; which meaning C ．108 times the length of; which means D ．108 times how long; meaning
【答案】C
【解析】考查倍数的表达法和定语从句。句意：蚂蚁每秒钟跑自己身体长度的 108 倍的距离，这意味着它
比一名奥运会 100 米运动员的速度还快。根据倍数的表达方数字+times+the length/size/depth/height/ect.+of+ 比较对象”可知，空格 1 应填 108 times the length of；空格 2 处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 The ant runs 108 times the length of its own body every second，空格 2 在从句中作主语和谓语，由于主语指代前面的整个
句子，只能用关系代词 which 引导，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选 C 项。
2 ． of the boys in our class going to join the army.
A ．Two fifths; is B ．Second fifths; are C ．Second fifths; is D ．Two fifths; are
【答案】D
【解析】考查分数表达及其用法。句意：我们班五分之二的男孩子都要去参军。分数表达法为：分子用基 数词，分母用序数词。分子大于一时，分母用复数。所以五分之二应用 two fifths。常用搭配“分数+of+名词” 作主语，谓语动词与名词相一致，主语 boys 是复数形式，所以 be 动词用 are。故选 D 项。
3 ．On a distant mountain was_____ sign in characters. “One world, one dream” it said.
A ．a 20-feet B ．20-foots C ．a 20-foot D ．20 feet
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词和数词。句意： 远处山上有块 20 英尺见方的标牌, 上面用汉字写着“同一个世界, 同一个 梦想”。标牌（sign）为可数名词的单数形式，使用时需加冠词 a，表示“一块标牌”。同时， 连字符连接数词 和名词作定语时, 名词部分需使用单数，即 20-foot，综上本题应选 C。
4 ．It’s reported that of the road collapsed. It needs .
A ．three-fourths; was; repaired B ．three quarters; has; to repair
C ．three quarters; has; repairing D ．three-fourth; was; to be repaired
【答案】C
【解析】考查分数、主谓一致和固定搭配。句意：据报道这条路的四分之三已经坍塌。它需要修理。第一 空：根据分数表达法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过一时，分母加 s ，“四分之三”是 three
quarters/three-fourths/three fourths ；第二空：“路”和“坍塌”之间是主动关系，不用被动语态，主语是一条路， 所以谓语动词用单数 has+过去分词；第三空：“某事需要做”用 something needs doing/to be done。综上，故 选 C。
5 ． of the land in our hometown covered with trees and grasses.
A ．Three fifths; is B ．Three fifths; are C ．Three fifth; is D ．Three fifth; are
【答案】A
【解析】考查数词和主谓一致。句意：我们家乡五分之三的土地被树和草覆盖。根据选项可知，第一个空 考查分数。分数的表达法为分子基数词， 分母序数词，分子大于一分母加 s。分数作主语时， 其后的谓语动 词的单复数取决于它所修饰的名词，即此处的 land。又知 land 意为“陆地，土地”,为不可数名词，所以第二 个空应用单数形式。故选 A。
6 ．On a distant mountain was_____ sign in characters. “One world, one dream” it said.
A ．a 20-feet B ．20-foots C ．a 20-foot D ．20 feet
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词和数词。句意： 远处山上有块 20 英尺见方的标牌, 上面用汉字写着“同一个世界, 同一个 梦想”。标牌（sign）为可数名词的单数形式，使用时需加冠词 a，表示“一块标牌”。同时， 连字符连接数词 和名词作定语时, 名词部分需使用单数，即 20-foot，综上本题应选 C。
7 ．There are_____children in my grandfather's family and he is the_____child of the family.
A ．nine; fifth B ．nine; five C ．ninth; five D ．ninth; fifth
【答案】A
【解析】考查数词辨析。句意：我外公家有 9 个孩子，并且他是第五个孩子。根据句意，第一个空处应填 入基数词表示数量，答案为 nine；第二个空应填入序数词表示排序，答案为 fifth，故选 A。
8 ．Our country is nearly_____years old. We'll celebrate its_____birthday on October 1, 2019 around the country.
A ．seventy, seventy B ．seventy, seventieth
C ．seventieth, seventy D ．seventieth, seventieth
【答案】B
【解析】考查数词。句意：我们的国家接近 70 岁了，我们将在 2019 年 10 月 1 日庆祝它的第七十个生日。 seventy ，70，基数词；seventieth，第 70，序数词。表达几岁时用基数词+year（s）+old，表达几岁生日时用 one's+序数词+birthday，故选 B。
9 ．_____of the students in our class_____going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A ．Two fifths, is B ．Second fifths, are
C ．Second fifths, is D ．Two fifths, are
【答案】D
【解析】考查数词的用法。句意：我们班五分之二的学生下周要去北京参加夏令营。分数的构成：分子用 基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于一时，分母用复数形式。“分数+of+名词”作主语时，如果名词是复数，
谓语动词用复数形式，故选 D。
10 ．—Hi, Ted! How was your trip to Mount Huangshan last month —Fantastic! I am expecting to go there for a time.
A ．one B ．first C ．two D ．second
【答案】D
【解析】考查数词的用法。句意：——你好，泰德！上个月去黄山的旅行怎么样呢？——好极了！我盼望 这能再去一次。根据 Hi, Ted! How was your trip to Mount Huangshan last month 可知已经去过一次，不是第 一次去，想再去一次，所以用 a second 表示“又一次”，根据句意可知 D 符合题意，故选 D。
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1 ．Two (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children’ were left without parents.
【答案】thirds
【解析】考查分数的表达。句意：居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受伤。成千上万的孩子失去了父母。
根据句意可知，空处表达“三分之二”之意，在英语中，分数的表达是，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，且分 子数字大于一时，则分母序数词要加 s，所以“三分之二”应译为two thirds。故填 thirds。
2 ．This is the (nineteen) boy I’ve met this week that likes skating.
【答案】nineteenth
【解析】考查序数词。句意：这是我这周见过的第十九个喜欢滑冰的男孩。结合语意，此处指见过的第十 九个喜欢滑冰的男孩，表顺序，则此处应填序数词表顺序，nineteen 对应的序数词是nineteenth。故填nineteenth。
3 ． (million) of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.
【答案】Millions
【解析】考查数词。句意： 数以百万计的水鸟被市场猎人和少数野心勃勃的运动员杀死。millions of 数以百 万计的。根据句意，故填 Millions。
4．When the explorers (one) set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.
【答案】first
【解析】考查数词。句意：当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上充满了各种各样的野生动物。 分析句子，设空处表示“第一次”应用序数词。one 的序数词为 first。故填 first。
5 ．If it is not turned in by the (two) day after the due date, it will earn a zero.
【答案】second
【解析】考查序数词。句意： 如果在截止日期后的第二天还没有交，就会得零分。结合空气定冠词 the，此 处表示“第二天”用序数词。two 的序数词为 second。故填 second。
6 ．Students will work in groups to complete (fourth) assignments (作业) during the course.
【答案】four
【解析】考查数词。句意： 在课程中，学生将分组完成四项作业。此处表示“四项作业”应该使用的是基数词。 fourth 为序数词，意为“第四”，基数词为 four。故填 four。
7 ．In his (thirtieth), he was quite thin and pale and he had red bushy hair.
【答案】thirties
【解析】考查数词。句意：在他三十多岁的时候，他很瘦，脸色苍白，有一头浓密的红色头发。分析句子 结构和意思可知，这里考查数词的用法，表示“在某人几十多岁的时候”用介词短语 in one’s+整十的基数词的 复数形式。故填 thirties。
8 ．I can remember my mother's birthday. It's on July the (twelve).
【答案】twelfth
【解析】考查序数词。句意：我能记得我妈妈的生日。是在 7 月 12 日。表示“第 12 日”，用序数词。故填 twelfth。
9 ．However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one (three) of the total area, providing housing for half of the population.
【答案】third
【解析】考查序数词。句意：然而，在北京市区，沿胡同的房屋仍然占据了总面积的三分之一，为一半的 人口提供了住房。结合句意此处表示“三分之一”，分数的构成应是分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于 一，分母用复数。故填 third。
10 ．Osaka is the (two) largest city in Japan.
【答案】second
【解析】考查序数词。句意：大阪是日本第二大城市。结合句意此处表达“第二大”应用序数词。故填 second。
11 ．I’ve always loved the ocean. In the (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
【答案】seventh
【解析】考查序数词。我一直很喜欢大海。在七年级的时候，我开始做志愿者在加州蒙特雷湾水族馆。此 处表示“第七年级”应用序数词。故填 seventh。
12 ．In the summer holiday following my (eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons.
【答案】eighteenth
【解析】考查序数词。句意：在我 18 岁生日后的暑假里，我上了驾驶课。根据句意可知，此处表示顺序， 即第 18 个生日，故应用序数词。故填 eighteenth。
13 ．Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
【答案】twentieth
【解析】考查数词。句意： 在 19 世纪和 20 世纪早期，捕鲸是澳大利亚的主要产业，但在 1987 年，捕鲸在 澳大利亚受到限制。表示“在……世纪”时，通常用序数词，故填 twentieth。
14 ．Then, when I was in the (five) grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much.
【答案】fifth
【解析】考查数词。句意： 那时，我上五年级，我想成为一名教师，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师。表示“几 年级”时需用“the+序数词”。故填 fifth。
15 ．Two (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
【答案】thirds
【解析】考查数词。句意：住在那里的三分之二的人死亡或受伤。分析句子可知，表示分数时，分母数字 用序数词表示，如果分子数字大于一，则，分母序数词要加 s，如，三分之二，译为：two thirds。故填
thirds。

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