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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit Two
过去进行时的被动语态
一．过去进行时的被动语态的概念
表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动动作。
二．过去进行时的被动语态的基本结构
>(1)过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式为:was/were+being+done
The computer was being majored by him during his college.
他那时正在大学主修计算机专业。
Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River
那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。
>(2)过去进行时的被动语态的否定式为:was/were+not+being+done
The movie star wasn't being stalked by a fan.
没有粉丝在跟踪那个电影明星。
Some critical problems were not being discussed then at the seminar.
当时在研讨会上并没有讨论一些关键问题。
>(3)过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将was/were提到主语的前面。
(回答用yes或no)
Was a new library being put up in their school then
他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗
Was a new movie being made by the famous director at that time
当时这个著名的导演正在制作一部新的电影吗
>(4)过去进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:疑问词+was/were(+主语)+being+done
What was being done to the machine
对这台机器正在采取什么措施
What measures were being taken to protect the environment
为了保护环境,正在采取什么措施
三．过去进行时的被动语态的用法
>(1)过去进行时的被动语态表示过去正在进行的被动动作。
He was being interviewed by our headmaster then.
他当时正在接受我们校长的面试。
This film was being shown at 6 pm yesterday.
这部电影昨天下午6点正在放映。
(2)过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用。
The watch was being repaired twice.(x)
The watch has been repaired twice.(V)手表修了两次。
四 过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
(1)过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的动作。
The research was being done when the professor went into the lab last night.
昨晚,当教授进入实验室时,研究正在进行。
(2)一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动的动作已经发生。
Some computers were stolen last night.昨天晚上几台电脑被盗了。
难点1
be+形容词+to do sth.(动词不定式短语作原因状语)
教材例句
I'm so pleased to see that everything I wanted it to offer to the community is still here.
我很高兴,我想让书店奉献给社区的一切都还在。
不定式作原因状语主要用于表示表情与心理状态的表语形容词。表示人对某事/某物的反应如何,有一种直觉感，常译作“因……而……”。
不定式经常放在glad,sorry,happy, pleased, eager, lucky, fortunate, proud, angry, surprised,amazed,disappointed,ready,foolish,clever,willing等形容词后面作原因状语。其结构为'be+adj.+ to do/to have done”。
难点2
现在分词短语作状语
教材例句
Walking home a few days ago. I saw that people were doing reconstruction work on the old market.
几天前走在回家的路上，我看到人们正在旧市场上进行重建工作。
现在分词作状语,可以表示时间、原因，条件、让步或伴随情况等,相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为句中的主语。现在分词作状语有两种情况:分词动作和谓语动作同时发生，用一般式;分词所表示的动作完成之后,谓语动作才发生,则要用现在分词的完成式，即 having done 的形式。
Working as a volunteer teacher in the west, the girl took up growing vegetables.
这个女孩在西部地区当志愿老师时，对种菜产生了兴趣。
Having persuaded him to change his mind,I went on a journey with him.
说服他改变主意后,我跟他一起去旅行了。
难点3
the way+ 定语从句
教材例句
To understand how people feel about the way life has changed in Shenzhen this century.
了解人们对本世纪深圳生活方式变化的感受。
way作“方式,方法”讲,后接定语从句：
①关系词在从句中作状语时，关系词用that,in which或省略。
②关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，关系词用that或which(作宾语时关系词可省略)。
The way(that/in which) he did it attracted me.他做这件事所采取的方式吸引了我。
I did it in the way(that/which) you told me.我是按照你告诉我的方式做的。
way(方式,方法)后的定语:
way to do sth./way of doing sth.
难点4
would rather do...than do...宁愿做而不愿做…
教材例句
After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call
毕竟,现如今,我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话
would rather do sth.宁愿做某事
would rather have done sth.宁愿做过某事(表示未实现)
would rather+从句 宁愿……
从句时态
一般过去时(表示与现在或将来的情况不符)
过去完成时(表示与过去的情况不符)
“宁愿做……而不愿做…”的表达法:
would rather do...than do.
would do..rather than do.
prefer to do...rather than do.
prefer doing...to doing...
1.如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。
→If I have to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell- phone.
→ If I have to give up one of them, I would rather turn off the TV than switch off my cell-phone.
→ If I have to give up one of them, I prefer to phone. turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell
I said I couldn't stand it one minute longer.I would rather be in prison!
我说我一分钟也受不了了，我宁愿坐牢!
本单元词组
1.drop in(=drop by)顺便拜访；顺便进入
2.wave goodbye to向...挥手告别
3.in good hands 得到很好的照看；经营有方
4.pop up 突然出现；冒出来
5.a string of 一系列；一连串
6.reply with 用...回答
7.spread to 传播到；扩展到
8.a bunch of 一群；一伙；一束
9.for good 永久地；一劳永逸地
10.take over 接管；接任
11.search for 搜查；寻找
12.pave the way (for) 铺平道路；创造条件
13.have a chat with sb.=(chat with sb.)和某人聊天
14.pore over 钻研；仔细阅读
15.bring...back to life 使...苏醒；使...复活
16.tear down 拆除；拆毁；扯下
17.in favour of 支持；赞成
18.face to face 面对面地
19.have an influence on 对...有影响
20.break new ground 开垦处女地；开辟新天地‘
21.allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
22.without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问；的确
23.make a living 谋生
24.run late 晚了；迟到；延迟
25.due to 由于；因...造成
26.focus on集中于；专注于
27.in any way 无论如何
28.draw a conclusion引出结论 , 得出结论
29.stay in business维持业务
30.without doubt 毫无疑问
31.reform and opening-up改革开放
32.the heart and soul全心全意
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