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北京市平谷区2024 年学业水平考试统一练习(一)
英 语 试 卷
2024.4
注意事项
1. 本试卷共10页，包括五道大题， 38道小题。满分60分。考试时间90 分钟。
2. 在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空。(每题0.5分，共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother and I like playing basketball. ________ play it together on Sundays.
A. He B. They C. We D. I
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我哥哥和我喜欢打篮球。我们每周日都一起打球。
考查代词辨析。He他；They他们；We我们；I我。根据“My brother and I”可知，此处应用人称代词We表示“我们”。故选C。
2. The Qingming Festival fell ________ April 4th this year.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：今年的清明节是四月四日。
考查介词辨析。on后跟具体的某一天；in后跟某年某月某季节；at后跟具体时刻；for后跟时间段。根据“April 4th this year.”可知，四月四日前用介词on。故选A。
3. —_________ are you going to the museum, Peter
—My father will drive me there.
A. When B. How C. Where D. Why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——彼得，你怎么去博物馆？——我父亲会开车送我去那里。
考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候；How如何；Where在哪里；Why为什么。根据“My father will drive me there.”可知，询问如何去。故选B。
4. —________ I hand in the poster on environmental protection today
—No, you needn’t.
A. Can B. May C. Could D. Must
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——今天我必须上交关于环保的海报吗？——不，你不需要。
考查情态动词。Can可以，能够；May可以；Could可以，can的过去式；Must必须。根据“No, you needn’t.”可知，答句是“不，你不需要”，此处应用Must I表示“我必须……吗？”。故选D。
5. The Chinese story book is interesting, ________ Linda likes it very much.
A. because B. or C. but D. and
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：这本中国故事书很有趣，琳达非常喜欢。
考查连词。because因为；or否则；but但是；and而且。根据前文说书有趣，后文谈到喜欢，前后是一种顺承关系，所以是and。故选D。
6. The sports test is coming soon. Li Ming is training ________ than ever.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：运动测试马上就要来了。李明比以往任何时候都更加刻苦训练。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知此处用副词的比较级harder。故选B。
7. David is a great tennis player. He ________ to play tennis when he was six years old.
A. begins B. began C. has begun D. will begin
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：David是一名伟大的网球运动员。他六岁的时候开始打网球。
考查一般过去时。根据“when he was six years old”可知，时态为一般过去时，此处应用begin的过去式began。故选B。
8. —Paul, what were you doing at nine last night
—I ________ my homework in the study.
A. was doing B. am doing C. will do D. did
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——保罗，昨天晚上九点钟你在干什么？——我正在书房里做作业。
考查过去进行时的用法。根据“what were you doing at nine last night”可知，询问的是昨晚九点钟正在干什么，要用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing。故选A。
9. Kate _________ a lot about Chinese paper cutting since she came to China.
A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：自从凯特来到中国后，她学到了很多关于中国剪纸的知识。
考查现在完成时。learns是learn的第三人称单数形式，用于一般现在时态中；learned是learn的过去式，用于一般过去时态中；has learned是现在完成时态；will learn一般将来时。根据“since she came to China.”可知，主句应用现在完成时态，谓语部分应是have/has done结构，因主语Bill是第三人称单数，故助动词应用has，learn应用过去分词learned。故选C。
10. The old scientist will start his lecture as soon as he ________ to our school.
A. gets B. get C. will get D. got
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：那位老科学家一到我们学校就会开始他的演讲。
考查动词时态。as soon as“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。主句为一般将来时，根据“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时。故选A。
11. Pinggu Wanda Cinema ________ next year.
A. built B. will build C. is built D. will be built
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：Pinggu万达电影院明年将会被盖起来。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“next year”可知，句子要用一般将来时，而“Cinema”是build这一动作的承受者，应使用被动语态。一般将来时的被动结构是“will be+过去分词”。故选D。
12. —Could you tell me ________ the Dragon-boat Festival, Jackson
—I had a family get-together and ate delicious zongzi.
A. how you spent B. how did you spend
C. when you spent D. when did you spend
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——Jackson，你可以告诉我你如何度过端午节吗？——我有一个家庭聚会并吃美味的粽子。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“I had a family get-together and ate delicious zongzi.”可知，此处询问度过节日的方式，用how“如何”引导宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，从句使用陈述语序，排除B选项。故选A。
二、完形填空。(每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Sam tapped his pencil against his blank paper and sighed. “I’ll never be able to write this essay.”
“What’s wrong ” his mother asked, placing her hand on his shoulder. “You just have to write about what you did over your summer vacation.”
“Yeah but I didn’t go on vacation. Vicki went to the Bahamas and Jake went to Myrtle Beach. I had to ___13___ with Aunt Tara because our house was being repaired.”
Mom turned Sam around in his desk chair. “Just because you didn’t go to a resort doesn’t mean you didn’t have a vacation. Look at all the things you did with your cousin this summer.”
Sam thought hard. He and Eric had joined a bike competition, gone to an amusement park, and taken Karate lessons. “I guess I could write about all these ___14___.”
He shook his head and was still not sure if his essay was going to ___15___ his friends at school.
The next day, the class took turns ___16___ their essays. Sam slunk down in his seat, hoping Mr. Matthews wouldn’t notice him. With only ten minutes left before lunch, Sam thought he was ___17___ from having to read his essay.
“Sam, I think we have enough time to hear about your summer vacation.” Mr. Matthews said.
Sam got up slowly and unwillingly walked to the front of the room with his paper in his hand. With his head down, he didn’t take his eyes off the essay as he read it.
When he was finished, no one clapped or said anything. He slowly ___18___ his eyes to see a bunch of hands in the air.
“Looks like you have some questions.” Mr. Matthews said. He pointed to Jake in the front row.
“Did you get to go on that new roller coaster at the amusement park ” Jake asked. “I heard it was really scary.”
“Yeah. I begged my parents to take me, but they wouldn’t.” Vicki said.
As Sam answered question after question, he ___19___. Before he knew it, it was time for lunch. On the way to the cafeteria, the questions continued.
“You’re so lucky,” Jake said. “I wish I did all that this summer.”
Now Sam was satisfied with what he did. After all, he’d had a/an ___20___ summer.
13.
A. chat B. stay C. play D. work
14.
A. activities B. meetings C. passages D. reports
15.
A. interest B. comfort C. encourage D. surprise
16.
A. writing B. correcting C. presenting D. exchanging
17.
A. tired B. absent C. excited D. safe
18.
A. opened B. raised C. fixed D. moved
19.
A. shocked B. focused C. smiled D. hurried
20.
A. busy B. disappointing C. common D. amazing
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Sam不知道怎么写暑假生活的短文，妈妈告诉他只要把做过的事情写下来就好，但是Sam觉得同学们不会感兴趣，第二天在班里念短文的时候，Sam的短文引起了同学们浓厚的兴趣，Sam很开心。
【13题详解】
句意：我不得不和Tara姑妈住在一起，因为我们的房子正在修理。
chat聊天；stay居住；play玩耍；work工作。根据“because our house was being repaired.”可知，应表达住在一起。故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：我想我可以写下所有这些活动。
activities活动；meetings会议；passages文章；reports报道。根据“He and Eric had joined a bike competition, gone to an amusement park, and taken Karate lessons.”可知，这些都是参加的活动。故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：他摇了摇头仍然不确定他的文章是否会引起学校朋友的兴趣。
interest引起兴趣；comfort安慰；encourage鼓励；surprise吃惊。 根据“Sam slunk down in his seat, hoping Mr. Matthews wouldn’t notice him.”可知，Sam不知道自己的文章会不会引起同学们的兴趣。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：第二天，全班轮流发表文章。
writing写；correcting改正；presenting发表；exchanging交换。根据“Sam thought he was safe from having to read his essay”可知，应表达全班轮流发表文章。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：离午饭只剩下十分钟了，Sam认为他是安全的，不用读他的文章了。
tired累的；absent缺席的；excited兴奋的；safe安全的。根据“With only ten minutes left before lunch”可知，Sam认为没有足够的时间读他的文章，故他是安全的。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：他慢慢抬起眼睛看到空中有一双手。
opened打开；raised抬起；fixed修理；moved移动。根据“...his eyes to see a bunch of hands in the air”可知，应表达抬眼看到一双手。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：当Sam回答一个又一个问题时，他笑了。
shocked震撼；focused 集中；smiled笑；hurried着急。根据“Now Sam was satisfied with what he did.”可知，应表达他笑了。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：毕竟，他度过了一个令人惊奇的夏天。
busy忙碌的；disappointing失望的；common平常的；amazing惊奇的。根据“Now Sam was satisfied with what he did.”可知，Sam度过了一个令人惊奇的夏天。故选D。
三、阅读理解。(每题2分，共26分)
(一)阅读下列景点介绍，请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的景点，并将景点所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A
Scenic Spots in Pinggu
Jinhai Lake is one of the biggest lakes in Northern China. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides. You can ride around the lake or take a yacht on the lake. Camping on the lawn is a good choice. You can get an overlook if you take a helicopter there. B Pinggu International Hiking Road is 23 kilometers long. Along it, mountain flowers are in full bloom, trees make pleasant shades, the air is fresh. Well-marked paths, safety facilities and resting areas mean it can be visited alone or with families.
C Tianyun Mountain is a best place to enjoy the beauty of nature. It is called “ Northern Zhangjiajie”. The towering mountain stands like a column (柱子). You can experience the glass bridge, across the peaks on both sides. D Pinggu Peach Blossom Festival has come. It is time to enjoy peach flowers here. Located on both sides of Misan Road and Cuixing Road, it’s well known as “the sea of peach blossoms” at home and abroad. It attracts many people to take pictures of it.
___21___ I am a fan of hiking. I can get close to nature while walking.
____22____ I want to have a good view of lake and experience some exciting projects.
____23____ Wang Fang I’d like to enjoy a large area of peach flowers.
【答案】21. B 22. A
23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了平谷风景区里的景点。
【21题详解】
根据“I am a fan of hiking. I can get close to nature while walking.”可知，李浩喜欢徒步旅行，他可以边散步边亲近大自然。选项B“平谷国际徒步公路全长23公里。沿路，山花怒放，绿树成荫，空气清新。标记清晰的路径、安全设施和休息区意味着它可以独自或与家人一起参观。”与之匹配，故选B。
【22题详解】
根据“I want to have a good view of lake and experience some exciting projects.”可知，张磊想欣赏一下湖的美景，体验一些激动人心的项目。选项A“金海湖是中国北方最大的湖泊之一。它三面环山。你可以骑车环湖，也可以在湖上乘游艇。在草坪上露营是个不错的选择。如果你乘直升飞机去，你可以俯瞰那里。”与之匹配，故选A。
【23题详解】
根据“I’d like to enjoy a large area of peach flowers.”可知，王芳想欣赏大面积的桃花。选项D“平谷桃花节到了。现在是赏桃花的时候了。它位于米三路和翠兴路两侧，被誉为国内外著名的‘桃花海’。它吸引了许多人来拍照。”与之匹配，故选D。
(二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
B
Jack lived in a small village. He was the leader of a group who often played jokes on the villagers, and believed that causing trouble was the only way to have fun.
One day, Jack and his friends decided to play a prank on Mr. Johnson, an elderly man who lived alone in a small house at the edge of the village. As the sun set, Jack and his friends went into Mr. Johnson’s house quietly and moved the furniture around, laughing to themselves as they imagined the mess they were creating. Satisfied with their work, they left the house and went home to sleep.
The next morning, Jack woke up feeling excited. He couldn’t wait to see the reaction of Mr. Johnson when he discovered the rearranged furniture. As he walked to school, he passed by Mr. Johnson’s house and saw the old man standing outside, looking confused and upset. Jack’s heart sank as he realized his fault. He had never seen Mr. Johnson so upset before. And he knew that he had to make things right.
That afternoon, Jack gathered his friends to go to Mr. Johnson’s house. When they arrived there, Jack knocked on the door and explained their purpose. Mr. Johnson was surprised but grateful for their offer to help. Together, they worked to put the furniture back in place. As they worked, Jack and his friends apologized for their actions and promised to treat others with kindness and respect.
From then on, Jack and his friends changed their behavior. They no longer played pranks on the villagers, and instead, they started to look for ways to help others. They realized that causing trouble might have been fun, but helping others and showing kindness brought them true happiness.
24. What did Jack and his friends do in Mr. Johnson’s house at first
A. They made the house messy.
B. They apologized to Mr. Johnson.
C. They put the furniture back in place.
D. They helped Mr. Johnson clean the house.
25. How did Jack feel when he saw Mr. Johnson standing outside his house
A. Excited. B. Confused. C. Regretful. D. Upset.
26. From this lesson, Jack has learned that _________.
A. playing jokes on others is really funny
B. performing one’s promise wins respect
C. correcting mistakes helps one make progress
D. being good to others makes oneself feel happy
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Jack和他的朋友们对Mr.Johnson实施了恶作剧，后来意识到自己的错误，向Mr.Johnson主动认错并弥补的故事。文章告诉我们，热心帮助他人才能收获真正的快乐。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“moved the furniture around, laughing to themselves as they imagined the mess they were creating”可知，他们将屋里的家具移动位置，并对他们制造的混乱洋洋自得，因此他们初次到Mr.Johnson家里做的事情是“将屋子变得混乱”。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Jack’s heart sank as he realized his fault.”可知，Jack的心沉了一下并认识到自己犯的错误，因此当Jack看到Mr.Johnson站在房子外面时他感到很“后悔”。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They realized that causing trouble might have been fun, but helping others and showing kindness brought them true happiness.”可知，他们意识到制造麻烦可能有趣，但帮助他人并展现善意才能带来真正的快乐，因此Jack学到的道理应是“友善地对待他人使人感到快乐”。故选D。
C
Laughter is a social emotion, so we’re 30 times more likely to laugh if there is somebody else with us than if we’re on our own.
We laugh to show that we agree with what someone says; that we remember the same thing that we’re talking about. People will also use laughter to try and mask other emotions. People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain. People will use laughter to get other people to do things. If you get someone laughing, they will tell you more about themselves.
Laughter can sometimes feel contagious (有感染力的). You can probably think of occasions when you’ve been watching television or listening to the radio, maybe it’s been broadcast live, and the presenter or presenters start to get the giggles (咯咯的笑). If you chuckle, the contagion is working. And it’s called behaviourally contagious phenomena (现象), which are things you can catch from somebody else just because they’re doing them. You might have noticed this happens with yawning, it happens a lot with laughter.
As you know, there are lots of health benefits from laughing. You are more relaxed when you laugh. So as soon as you start laughing, you get a reduction in adrenaline (肾上腺素). You also get an increased uptake of the body’s naturally circulating endorphin (内啡肽). Now, that is because you do quite a lot of exercise at your ribcage (胸腔) when you laugh. It’s exactly the same as a runner’s high or the good feeling you get after exercising. And interestingly, that’s true of laughter even if you’ve completely pretended to laugh.
Unluckily, laughter can also have a darker side. When we laugh ha-ha-ha, breathing out, we do squeezes with ribcage. These big squeezes, particularly if you’re laughing really hard, are quite stressful for your heart and your lungs and that can mean if you have some sort of problem with your heart or your lungs or your blood vessels, you can put them under more strain. And throughout history, there are examples of people who have died of laughing.
So if you want to get your endorphin going, you can start by laughing out loud.
27. You laugh to ________ while your friend states his team beat your favourite one excitedly.
A feel much comfortable B. ask for more information
C. pretend you’re not upset D. show your congratulations
28. The second paragraph is mainly about ________.
A. why humans laugh B. what laughter means
C. when humans need to laugh D. how laughter affects one’s emotion
29. What do we know from the passage
A. Real laughing influences one’s health much more.
B. You’re likely to keep calm while a TV presenter is laughing.
C. Laughing hard is possibly harmful to patients with heart illness.
D. You're hardly able to get the same feeling from laughing as exercising.
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了大笑的好处和坏处。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain.”可知，人们会笑着假装他们不难过，不尴尬，不痛苦。由此可推测出，当你的朋友兴奋地说他的球队击败了你最喜欢的球队时，你笑着假装自己并不沮丧。故选C。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“We laugh to show that we agree with what someone says; that we remember the same thing that we’re talking about. People will also use laughter to try and mask other emotions. People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain. People will use laughter to get other people to do things. If you get someone laughing, they will tell you more about themselves.”可知，本段主要讲述了为什么人们会大笑。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“These big squeezes, particularly if you’re laughing really hard, are quite stressful for your heart and your lungs and that can mean if you have some sort of problem with your heart or your lungs or your blood vessels, you can put them under more strain.”可知，大笑可能对心脏病患者有害。故选C。
D
A café in Toronto refuses to offer Wi-Fi to its customers. Its president, Jimson Biensenstock, explains his purpose is to get customers to talk with one another instead of being buried in their portable devices.
What a brilliant idea! Perhaps Mr. Biensenstock knows what medical science has been increasingly proving: Social interaction is an extremely important contributor to good health and long life.
In a study begun in 1965, the researchers found that people who were disconnected from others were about three times more likely to die during the nine-year study than people with strong social ties. In fact, they found that those with close social ties and unhealthful lifestyles actually lived longer than those with poor social ties but more healthful living habits.
Another study in 1988 showed people who are continually lacking in social contacts are more likely to experience higher levels of stress and inflammation (炎症). These, in turn, can weaken the health of nearly every bodily system, including the brain. Absent social interactions, blood flowing to important organs (重要器官) is likely to be reduced and immune function (免疫功能) may be destroyed. Even how genes are expressed can be affected, damaging the body’s ability to turn off inflammation.
In a 2010 report, sociology researchers at the University of Texas reported similar findings. The Texas researchers also pointed out that social interactions can boost good health through a positive influence on people’s living habits. For example, if none of your friends smoke, you’ll be less likely to smoke.
Lack of social interactions also damages mental health. The emotional support provided by social connection helps to reduce the damaging effects of stress and can help develop “a sense of meaning and purpose in life”, the Texas researchers wrote.
Emma Seppala of the Stanford Center wrote, “People who feel more connected to others have lower levels of anxiety and depression. Moreover, studies show they also have higher self-esteem (自尊), greater empathy for others, are more trusting and cooperative and, as a result, others are more open to trusting and cooperating with them.”
“In other words,” Dr. Seppala explained, “social connection leads to a positive feedback circle of social, emotional and physical well-being.”
For those seeking a health-improving lifestyle, it’s not enough to focus on eating your vegetables and getting regular exercise. Don’t forget to connect.
30. What is the finding of the first two studies
A. Usual connection to others helps one live longer.
B. Blood flowing in our body needs social interactions.
C Poor social ties lead to weak bodily system directly.
D. Healthful living habits can be developed in social ties.
31. The underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”.
A. reduce B. improve C. change D. harm
32. The writer probably agrees that ________.
A. mental health connects to less purposeful life
B. a meaningful life has nothing to do with social ties
C. people having more social interactions are likely to be trusted
D. social, emotional and physical well-being have the same value in their circle
33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage
A. To encourage people to develop social ties.
B. To explain the benefits of social interaction.
C. To discuss the bad effects of social interaction.
D. To compare the close social ties with poor social ties.
【答案】30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社会交往与人的生理健康、心理健康的相互影响关系，并号召人们保持良好的人际交往活动。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据前文“Perhaps Mr. Biensenstock knows what medical science has been increasingly proving: Social interaction is an extremely important contributor to good health and long life.”可知，文章提及的医学研究都共同证明社会交往对人的健康、长寿至关重要。选项A“正常的交往帮助人们更加长寿”符合语境。故选A。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“through a positive influence on people’s living habits”可知，社交活动对人的生活习惯产生了积极的影响，将进一步改善人们身体健康。此处improve“改善”符合语境。故选B。
【32题详解】
观点态度题。根据“studies show they also have higher self-esteem(自尊), greater empathy for others, are more trusting and cooperative”可知，有良好社交活动的人有更高的自尊，更多的同理心，也更加值得信任与合作。选项C“有更多社交活动的人更可能被信任”符合作者的观点。故选C。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“For those seeking a health-improving lifestyle, it’s not enough to focus on eating your vegetables and getting regular exercise. Don’t forget to connect.”可知，作者鼓励人们在保持健康的生活习惯之余，需要保持良好的社交活动。选项A“鼓励人们发展社会关系”符合作者写本文章的目的。故选A。
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达。(34-36题每题2分,37题4分,共10分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Have you ever seen shadow plays The shadow play is one of the oldest puppet performances in China. It was a popular folk drama in ancient China and also the ancestor (祖先) of the films in the world.
Shadow plays were once a popular form of entertainment, and they were also used for religious (宗教) and instructional purposes. Simple to perform, dramas were played out on screens or walls for thousands of years, and the shadow play is still performed in China today.
A simple lamp and a thin screen were all that were needed for a stage. Things like people, animals, furniture, walls and plants were shown on the screen by placing figurines or figures made of cardboard or leather in front of the lamp.
The lamp lighted the screen from behind, and people could move little figurines around for theatrical performances. With added music and sound effects, the plays could be quite entertaining if they were well performed. These were ancient dramas or cartoons, and they were even colorized for added entertainment by using colored translucent (半透明的) figurines. The lamp light cast a colored shadow.
One can imagine that stone-age people sat next to campfires and watched stories played out on rock walls by shadows cast by using their hands or figurines
It is said that the Mongols in the 13th century liked to watch shadow plays in their camps. They took the entertainment with them, and it became a popular entertainment in the Yuan Empire of the 13th century.
Shadow plays were performed in France when French missionaries (传教士) returned from China in 1767 and put on performances in Paris and Marseilles. It is said that this is how the shadow play was introduced to Europe. The plays were popular in France, and they were called “Chinese Shadows” at first.
Nowadays performers use plastics, computer controlled lightning and machinery, and modern paint and dyes to produce bright and colorful shadow figures. They can produce images that are controlled by computers, and these can be used for animation and entertainment effects in plays. It is difficult for shadow puppeteers to compete with modern entertainment technologies for an audience, but some of them are using modern materials and adopting technology to help stage interesting entertainment in China.
34. What were shadow plays used for
________________________________________________
35. How were shadow plays introduced to Europe
________________________________________________
36. What challenge do shadow puppeteers meet
________________________________________________
37. Would you like to watch shadow plays Why (At least two reasons)
________________________________________________
【答案】34. They were used for entertainment and religious and instructional purposes.
35. When French missionaries returned from China in 1767 and put on performances in Paris.
36. It is difficult for shadow puppeteers to compete with modern entertainment technologies for an audience.
37. Yes, I would like to. Because they are quite entertaining and we can also learn some culture from it.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的皮影戏。
【34题详解】
根据“Shadow plays were once a popular form of entertainment, and they were also used for religious (宗教) and instructional purposes”可知，它们被用于娱乐、宗教和教学目的。故填They were used for entertainment and religious and instructional purposes.
【35题详解】
根据“Shadow plays were performed in France when French missionaries (传教士) returned from China in 1767 and put on performances in Paris and Marseilles. It is said that this is how the shadow play was introduced to Europe”可知，1767年，当法国传教士从中国回来，在巴黎和马赛演出时，皮影戏在法国上演，皮影戏就是这样传入欧洲的。故填When French missionaries returned from China in 1767 and put on performances in Paris.
【36题详解】
根据“It is difficult for shadow puppeteers to compete with modern entertainment technologies for an audience”可知，皮影戏演员很难与现代娱乐技术竞争观众。故填It is difficult for shadow puppeteers to compete with modern entertainment technologies for an audience.
【37题详解】
开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I would like to. Because they are quite entertaining and we can also learn some culture from it.
五、文段表达。(共10 分)
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
38. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Peter对近期举办的“近光讲堂”很感兴趣。他给你发来邮件，询问相关信息。请你用英语回复一封邮件，向他介绍你最喜欢的一次“近光讲堂”，以及主要内容和你的感悟。
提示词语：invite, introduce, experience, change
提示问题：Which speech do you like best
What’s it mainly about
What have you learned from it
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to know that you’re interested in the speeches given by some people with social influence.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Please feel free to ask for more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to know that you’re interested in the speeches given by some people with social influence.
I like the speech given by Dong Yuhui. Its theme is reading and growth. Dong shares his own experience with us. During his speech, he puts great importance on reading. He thinks reading books can help people grow up.
From this speech, I know that as students, we should read different kinds of books to enrich our knowledge and improve ourselves. The more we read, the better we will be and the better we can understand Chinese culture.
Please feel free to ask for more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一封电子邮件；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据提示内容介绍你最喜欢的一次“近光讲堂”，以及主要内容和你的感悟。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题；
第二步，介绍你最喜欢的一次“近光讲堂”以及主要内容；
第三步，介绍你的感悟。
[亮点词汇]
①share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物
②put great importance on非常重视
③grow up成长
[高分句型]
①I like the speech given by Dong Yuhui. (过去分词作定语)
②He thinks reading books can help people grow up. (宾语从句)
③The more we read, the better we will be and the better we can understand Chinese culture. (the+比较级，the+比较级)
题目②
39. 以体树德、以体增智、以体育美、以体促劳。随着平谷区“阳光·乐跑”活动的开展，学生们展现了朝气蓬勃的精神风貌。
假设你是李华。请你以“我的乐跑”为题，用英语写一篇短文给学校英文网站投稿，谈谈你日常的乐跑，对其作简要描述，说说乐跑给你带来了哪些好处，以及今后打算怎么做。
提示词语：relax, energy, build up, confidence, keep doing
提示问题：·How do you take part in the activity
·What have you achieved
·What will you do in the future
Everyone takes part in the activity of Fun Run.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Everyone takes part in the activity of Fun Run. So do I. This summer, I took part in this activity. Every morning, I followed the Fun Run team and ran along the sunny road with their rhythm.
I feel really comfortable when I listen to the birds singing on the road. Fun Running makes me feel relaxed, energetic, and physically strong. My confidence has increased because I often communicate with people while running.
In the future, I will keep joining in Fun Run and pass on this activity, calling on more people to take part in this activity.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据开头提示，介绍我是如何参加活动的；
第二步，介绍我在活动中取得的成就；
第三步，介绍我将来的打算。
[亮点词汇]
①take part in参加
②listen to听
③communicate with sb.与某人交流
④keep doing继续做
⑤pass on传递
[高分句型]
①I feel really comfortable when I listen to the birds singing on the road.（when引导的时间状语从句）
② Fun Running makes me feel relaxed, energetic, and physically strong.（动名词作主语）
③My confidence has increased because I often communicate with people while running.（because引导的原因状语从句）北京市平谷区2024 年学业水平考试统一练习(一)
英 语 试 卷
2024.4
注意事项
1. 本试卷共10页，包括五道大题， 38道小题。满分60分。考试时间90 分钟。
2. 在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空。(每题0.5分，共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother and I like playing basketball. ________ play it together on Sundays.
A. He B. They C. We D. I
2. The Qingming Festival fell ________ April 4th this year.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
3. —_________ are you going to the museum, Peter
—My father will drive me there.
A. When B. How C. Where D. Why
4. —________ I hand in the poster on environmental protection today
—No, you needn’t.
A. Can B. May C. Could D. Must
5. The Chinese story book is interesting, ________ Linda likes it very much.
A. because B. or C. but D. and
6. The sports test is coming soon. Li Ming is training ________ than ever.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest
7. David is a great tennis player. He ________ to play tennis when he was six years old.
A. begins B. began C. has begun D. will begin
8. —Paul, what were you doing at nine last night
—I ________ my homework in the study.
A. was doing B. am doing C. will do D. did
9. Kate _________ a lot about Chinese paper cutting since she came to China.
A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn
10. The old scientist will start his lecture as soon as he ________ to our school.
A. gets B. get C. will get D. got
11. Pinggu Wanda Cinema ________ next year.
A. built B. will build C. is built D. will be built
12. —Could you tell me ________ the Dragon-boat Festival, Jackson
—I had a family get-together and ate delicious zongzi.
A. how you spent B. how did you spend
C. when you spent D. when did you spend
二、完形填空。(每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Sam tapped his pencil against his blank paper and sighed “I’ll never be able to write this essay.”
“What’s wrong ” his mother asked, placing her hand on his shoulder. “You just have to write about what you did over your summer vacation.”
“Yeah, but I didn’t go on vacation. Vicki went to the Bahamas and Jake went to Myrtle Beach. I had to ___13___ with Aunt Tara because our house was being repaired.”
Mom turned Sam around in his desk chair. “Just because you didn’t go to a resort doesn’t mean you didn’t have a vacation. Look at all the things you did with your cousin this summer.”
Sam thought hard. He and Eric had joined a bike competition, gone to an amusement park, and taken Karate lessons. “I guess I could write about all these ___14___.”
He shook his head and was still not sure if his essay was going to ___15___ his friends at school.
The next day, the class took turns ___16___ their essays. Sam slunk down in his seat, hoping Mr. Matthews wouldn’t notice him. With only ten minutes left before lunch, Sam thought he was ___17___ from having to read his essay.
“Sam, I think we have enough time to hear about your summer vacation.” Mr. Matthews said.
Sam got up slowly and unwillingly walked to the front of the room with his paper in his hand. With his head down, he didn’t take his eyes off the essay as he read it.
When he was finished, no one clapped or said anything. He slowly ___18___ his eyes to see a bunch of hands in the air.
“Looks like you have some questions.” Mr. Matthews said. He pointed to Jake in the front row.
“Did you get to go on that new roller coaster at the amusement park ” Jake asked. “I heard it was really scary.”
“Yeah. I begged my parents to take me, but they wouldn’t.” Vicki said.
As Sam answered question after question, he ___19___. Before he knew it, it was time for lunch. On the way to the cafeteria, the questions continued.
“You’re so lucky,” Jake said. “I wish I did all that this summer.”
Now Sam was satisfied with what he did. After all, he’d had a/an ___20___ summer.
13.
A. chat B. stay C. play D. work
14
A. activities B. meetings C. passages D. reports
15.
A. interest B. comfort C. encourage D. surprise
16.
A. writing B. correcting C. presenting D. exchanging
17.
A. tired B. absent C. excited D. safe
18.
A. opened B. raised C. fixed D. moved
19.
A. shocked B. focused C. smiled D. hurried
20.
A. busy B. disappointing C. common D. amazing
三、阅读理解。(每题2分，共26分)
(一)阅读下列景点介绍，请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的景点，并将景点所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A
Scenic Spots in Pinggu
Jinhai Lake is one of the biggest lakes in Northern China. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides. You can ride around the lake or take a yacht on the lake. Camping on the lawn is a good choice. You can get an overlook if you take a helicopter there. B Pinggu International Hiking Road is 23 kilometers long. Along it, mountain flowers are in full bloom, trees make pleasant shades, the air is fresh. Well-marked paths, safety facilities and resting areas mean it can be visited alone or with families.
C Tianyun Mountain is a best place to enjoy the beauty of nature. It is called “ Northern Zhangjiajie”. The towering mountain stands like a column (柱子). You can experience the glass bridge, across the peaks on both sides. D Pinggu Peach Blossom Festival has come. It is time to enjoy peach flowers here. Located on both sides of Misan Road and Cuixing Road, it’s well known as “the sea of peach blossoms” at home and abroad. It attracts many people to take pictures of it.
___21___ I am a fan of hiking I can get close to nature while walking.
____22____ I want to have a good view of lake and experience some exciting projects.
____23____ Wang Fang I’d like to enjoy a large area of peach flowers.
(二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
B
Jack lived in a small village. He was the leader of a group who often played jokes on the villagers, and believed that causing trouble was the only way to have fun.
One day, Jack and his friends decided to play a prank on Mr. Johnson, an elderly man who lived alone in a small house at the edge of the village. As the sun set, Jack and his friends went into Mr. Johnson’s house quietly and moved the furniture around, laughing to themselves as they imagined the mess they were creating. Satisfied with their work, they left the house and went home to sleep.
The next morning, Jack woke up feeling excited. He couldn’t wait to see the reaction of Mr. Johnson when he discovered the rearranged furniture. As he walked to school, he passed by Mr. Johnson’s house and saw the old man standing outside, looking confused and upset. Jack’s heart sank as he realized his fault. He had never seen Mr. Johnson so upset before. And he knew that he had to make things right.
That afternoon, Jack gathered his friends to go to Mr. Johnson’s house. When they arrived there, Jack knocked on the door and explained their purpose. Mr. Johnson was surprised but grateful for their offer to help. Together, they worked to put the furniture back in place. As they worked, Jack and his friends apologized for their actions and promised to treat others with kindness and respect.
From then on, Jack and his friends changed their behavior. They no longer played pranks on the villagers, and instead, they started to look for ways to help others. They realized that causing trouble might have been fun, but helping others and showing kindness brought them true happiness.
24. What did Jack and his friends do in Mr. Johnson’s house at first
A. They made the house messy.
B. They apologized to Mr. Johnson.
C. They put the furniture back in place.
D. They helped Mr. Johnson clean the house.
25. How did Jack feel when he saw Mr. Johnson standing outside his house
A. Excited. B. Confused. C. Regretful. D. Upset.
26. From this lesson, Jack has learned that _________.
A. playing jokes on others is really funny
B. performing one’s promise wins respect
C. correcting mistakes helps one make progress
D. being good to others makes oneself feel happy
C
Laughter is a social emotion, so we’re 30 times more likely to laugh if there is somebody else with us than if we’re on our own.
We laugh to show that we agree with what someone says; that we remember the same thing that we’re talking about. People will also use laughter to try and mask other emotions. People will laugh to try and pretend they’re not upset, or embarrassed or in pain. People will use laughter to get other people to do things. If you get someone laughing, they will tell you more about themselves.
Laughter can sometimes feel contagious (有感染力). You can probably think of occasions when you’ve been watching television or listening to the radio, maybe it’s been broadcast live, and the presenter or presenters start to get the giggles (咯咯的笑). If you chuckle, the contagion is working. And it’s called behaviourally contagious phenomena (现象), which are things you can catch from somebody else just because they’re doing them. You might have noticed this happens with yawning, it happens a lot with laughter.
As you know, there are lots of health benefits from laughing. You are more relaxed when you laugh. So as soon as you start laughing, you get a reduction in adrenaline (肾上腺素). You also get an increased uptake of the body’s naturally circulating endorphin (内啡肽). Now, that is because you do quite a lot of exercise at your ribcage (胸腔) when you laugh. It’s exactly the same as a runner’s high or the good feeling you get after exercising. And interestingly, that’s true of laughter even if you’ve completely pretended to laugh.
Unluckily, laughter can also have a darker side. When we laugh ha-ha-ha, breathing out, we do squeezes with ribcage. These big squeezes, particularly if you’re laughing really hard, are quite stressful for your heart and your lungs and that can mean if you have some sort of problem with your heart or your lungs or your blood vessels, you can put them under more strain. And throughout history, there are examples of people who have died of laughing.
So if you want to get your endorphin going, you can start by laughing out loud.
27 You laugh to ________ while your friend states his team beat your favourite one excitedly.
A. feel much comfortable B. ask for more information
C. pretend you’re not upset D. show your congratulations
28. The second paragraph is mainly about ________.
A. why humans laugh B. what laughter means
C. when humans need to laugh D. how laughter affects one’s emotion
29. What do we know from the passage
A. Real laughing influences one’s health much more.
B. You’re likely to keep calm while a TV presenter is laughing.
C. Laughing hard is possibly harmful to patients with heart illness.
D. You're hardly able to get the same feeling from laughing as exercising.
D
A café in Toronto refuses to offer Wi-Fi to its customers. Its president, Jimson Biensenstock, explains his purpose is to get customers to talk with one another instead of being buried in their portable devices.
What a brilliant idea! Perhaps Mr. Biensenstock knows what medical science has been increasingly proving: Social interaction is an extremely important contributor to good health and long life.
In a study begun in 1965, the researchers found that people who were disconnected from others were about three times more likely to die during the nine-year study than people with strong social ties. In fact, they found that those with close social ties and unhealthful lifestyles actually lived longer than those with poor social ties but more healthful living habits.
Another study in 1988 showed people who are continually lacking in social contacts are more likely to experience higher levels of stress and inflammation (炎症). These, in turn, can weaken the health of nearly every bodily system, including the brain. Absent social interactions, blood flowing to important organs (重要器官) is likely to be reduced and immune function (免疫功能) may be destroyed. Even how genes are expressed can be affected, damaging the body’s ability to turn off inflammation.
In a 2010 report, sociology researchers at the University of Texas reported similar findings. The Texas researchers also pointed out that social interactions can boost good health through a positive influence on people’s living habits. For example, if none of your friends smoke, you’ll be less likely to smoke.
Lack of social interactions also damages mental health. The emotional support provided by social connection helps to reduce the damaging effects of stress and can help develop “a sense of meaning and purpose in life”, the Texas researchers wrote.
Emma Seppala of the Stanford Center wrote, “People who feel more connected to others have lower levels of anxiety and depression. Moreover, studies show they also have higher self-esteem (自尊), greater empathy for others, are more trusting and cooperative and, as a result, others are more open to trusting and cooperating with them.”
“In other words,” Dr. Seppala explained, “social connection leads to a positive feedback circle of social, emotional and physical well-being.”
For those seeking a health-improving lifestyle, it’s not enough to focus on eating your vegetables and getting regular exercise. Don’t forget to connect.
30. What is the finding of the first two studies
A. Usual connection to others helps one live longer.
B. Blood flowing in our body needs social interactions.
C. Poor social ties lead to weak bodily system directly.
D. Healthful living habits can be developed in social ties.
31. The underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”.
A. reduce B. improve C. change D. harm
32. The writer probably agrees that ________.
A. mental health connects to less purposeful life
B. a meaningful life has nothing to do with social ties
C. people having more social interactions are likely to be trusted
D. social, emotional and physical well-being have the same value in their circle
33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage
A. To encourage people to develop social ties.
B. To explain the benefits of social interaction.
C. To discuss the bad effects of social interaction.
D. To compare the close social ties with poor social ties.
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达。(34-36题每题2分,37题4分,共10分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Have you ever seen shadow plays The shadow play is one of the oldest puppet performances in China. It was a popular folk drama in ancient China and also the ancestor (祖先) of the films in the world.
Shadow plays were once a popular form of entertainment, and they were also used for religious (宗教) and instructional purposes. Simple to perform, dramas were played out on screens or walls for thousands of years, and the shadow play is still performed in China today.
A simple lamp and a thin screen were all that were needed for a stage. Things like people, animals, furniture, walls and plants were shown on the screen by placing figurines or figures made of cardboard or leather in front of the lamp.
The lamp lighted the screen from behind, and people could move little figurines around for theatrical performances. With added music and sound effects, the plays could be quite entertaining if they were well performed. These were ancient dramas or cartoons, and they were even colorized for added entertainment by using colored translucent (半透明的) figurines. The lamp light cast a colored shadow.
One can imagine that stone-age people sat next to campfires and watched stories played out on rock walls by shadows cast by using their hands or figurines.
It is said that the Mongols in the 13th century liked to watch shadow plays in their camps. They took the entertainment with them, and it became a popular entertainment in the Yuan Empire of the 13th century.
Shadow plays were performed in France when French missionaries (传教士) returned from China in 1767 and put on performances in Paris and Marseilles. It is said that this is how the shadow play was introduced to Europe. The plays were popular in France, and they were called “Chinese Shadows” at first.
Nowadays, performers use plastics, computer controlled lightning and machinery, and modern paint and dyes to produce bright and colorful shadow figures. They can produce images that are controlled by computers, and these can be used for animation and entertainment effects in plays. It is difficult for shadow puppeteers to compete with modern entertainment technologies for an audience, but some of them are using modern materials and adopting technology to help stage interesting entertainment in China.
34. What were shadow plays used for
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35. How were shadow plays introduced to Europe
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36. What challenge do shadow puppeteers meet
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37. Would you like to watch shadow plays Why (At least two reasons)
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五、文段表达。(共10 分)
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
38. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Peter对近期举办的“近光讲堂”很感兴趣。他给你发来邮件，询问相关信息。请你用英语回复一封邮件，向他介绍你最喜欢的一次“近光讲堂”，以及主要内容和你的感悟。
提示词语：invite, introduce, experience, change
提示问题：Which speech do you like best
What’s it mainly about
What have you learned from it
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to know that you’re interested in the speeches given by some people with social influence.
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Please feel free to ask for more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
题目②
39. 以体树德、以体增智、以体育美、以体促劳。随着平谷区“阳光·乐跑”活动的开展，学生们展现了朝气蓬勃的精神风貌。
假设你是李华。请你以“我的乐跑”为题，用英语写一篇短文给学校英文网站投稿，谈谈你日常的乐跑，对其作简要描述，说说乐跑给你带来了哪些好处，以及今后打算怎么做。
提示词语：relax, energy, build up, confidence, keep doing
提示问题：·How do you take part in the activity
·What have you achieved
·What will you do in the future
Everyone takes part in the activity of Fun Run.
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