资源简介

1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
2．long adj.长的，长时间的→length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长
3．survive vi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于难→survival n．残存物；幸存事物→survivor n．幸存者；生还者
4．disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n．消失；失踪
5．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的
1．variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体
①I was impressed by the variety of dishes on offer. 不同种类
②When preparing meals, we need to think about variety and taste as well as nutritional value. 变化，多样性
③Apples come in a great many varieties. 变种，变体
2．living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式
①She earns her living as a part time tutor. 生计
②Chinese is one of the most beautiful languages that is living in the world. 在使用的
③He is the finest living pianist that I have ever seen. 活着的
　harm n．& vt.伤害，损害
[例]What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals
应该做些什么来惩罚那些伤害动物的人呢？
[知识拓展]
(1)do sb./sth.harm＝do harm to sb./sth.
对……有害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处。
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to... 对……有害
(3)harmless adj. 无害的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Walking in the air full of smog is harmful(harm) to us.
②Drinking too much does harm to your health.
③There is no harm in saying(say) sorry to him first.
④众所周知，玩电脑游戏真的对孩子有害。
→As is known to all，playing computer games really harms children．(harm vt.)
→As is known to all，playing computer games really does harm to children/does children harm．(harm n．)
→As is known to all，playing computer games really is harmful to children．(harmful)
　variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体
[例]Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.
和我们一起品尝当地多种多样的新鲜的食物和饮料。
[知识拓展]
(1)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的；不同种类的
(2)vary v. 变更，变化；使多样化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等；
在……到……之间变动
vary with... 随……而变动
vary in... 在……方面不同
(3)various/varied adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①For various(variety) reasons，we couldn't attend her wedding.
②Students are offered varieties(variety) of courses in this department.
③The menu in the restaurant varies with the season.
④对于这件事，每个人意见不一。
Opinions on this matter vary from person to person．
　survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难
[例]In China，some people survive on rice，while others survive on wheat.
在中国，有些人以大米为生，而有些人以小麦为生。
[知识拓展]
(1)survive sth.　　 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
survive on 依靠……生活
survive sb.by... 比某人多活……
(2)survival n. 生存；幸存
(3)survivor n. 生还者，幸存者
[名师点津]
survive作“幸存；幸免于难”解时为及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不用介词in或from。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The old woman survived her husband by ten years.
②If you develop AIDS，your chances of survival(survive) are very small.
③你是如何靠这么低的工资维持生计的？
How do you survive on such a low salary
　break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)
[例1]Peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.
两国之间的和平谈判破裂，没有达成协议。
[例2]The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information.
在他搜索资料时，电脑系统突然坏了。
[知识拓展]
break up 破裂，绝交；解散；破碎
break in 闯进；打断；插嘴
break into 闯入；侵占
break out (战争、火灾、疫病等)暴发
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It's very impolite of you to break in while we're talking.
②When the war broke out，he was only four.
③有人闯入了我的房子并偷走了一些钱。
Someone broke into my house and stole some money.
④随着工作负担的日益加重，他的身体终于垮了，不得不好好休息一下。
With the increasing burden of his work, he finally broke down and had to take a complete rest.
　due to 由于，因为
[例]In the north of India，the population is booming due to high birth rates.
在印度北部，由于出生率高，人口正在迅速增长。
[知识拓展]
(1)due adj. 应付的；应得的；适当的；
预期的；到期的
be due to do sth. 预期/预定要做某事
be due to sb. 应支付/应给予/应归于某人
(2)表示“由于”的词组还有：
owing to 由于
because of 因为；由于
as a result of 由于
thanks to 多亏；由于
on account of 由于，因为
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The team are due to fly(fly) to Italy next month.
②The meeting isn't due to start(start) until three.
③Have they been paid the money that is due to them
④因为气候恶劣，很多物种从地球上消失了。
Many species disappeared from the earth due to the bad climate．
　damage vt.& n．损害，伤害，损坏，破坏
[例]As we all know，eating too much fat will damage our health.
众所周知，摄入太多脂肪会损害我们的健康。
[知识拓展]
do/cause damage to...　 对……造成损害
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The earthquake caused great damage to the city.
②It will take several months to repair the ship damaged(damage) in the storm.
③我有一种强烈的恐惧：我们正在说的谎言会对我们的孩子们造成精神上的伤害。
I have a very strong fear that the lie we're telling will do spiritual damage to our children．
　build up 逐渐增加，扩大
[例1]The secret to oil painting is to build up layer on layer on a canvas.
画油画的秘诀就是在画布上涂上一层又一层(的颜料)。
[例2]Traffic is building up on roads into the city.
来往的车辆在通往市区的道路上越聚越多。
[知识拓展]
build sth.up 创建；开发
build up one's strength 恢复体力
build sb.up 增强体质
build up one's vocabulary 增加词汇量
build on 把……建立于；依赖
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①You can build on his honesty.
②It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again.
③She has built up a very successful business.
④温室气体继续在大气中积聚，导致全球气温上升。
Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere，causing the global temperature to go up.
　倍数＋the size of...
(教材P2)With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China．
亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。
[句式分析]
本句中用了“倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/width/height/weight...)＋of＋被比较的对象”这一结构。
[例1]Beijing is ten times the size of my hometown.
北京的面积是我家乡的面积的十倍大。
[例2]This river is three times the length of that one.
这条河是那条河的三倍长。
[知识拓展]
常见的倍数表达法：两倍常用twice或double，三倍以上用“基数词＋times”，倍数也可以是分数、百分数。
(1)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as...
(2)倍数＋比较级＋than...
(3)倍数＋what从句
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①This bridge is five times the width(wide) of that one.
②The red ruler is four times longer(long) than the yellow one.
③A new phone costs about three times the price of a second hand one.
④The price of the house this year is twice what it was last year(去年的两倍).
⑤This table is three times longer(三倍长)than that one.
　“表语＋系动词＋主语”倒装句式
(教材P3)Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
在那之上是在黑暗的雨林地面上的大量落叶。
[句式分析]
本句为完全倒装句。作表语的介词短语above that位于句子开头，整句进行了全部倒装。正常语序为The mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor is above that.
[例1]In the middle of the hall was standing a tall young man.
在大厅中央站着一个高个子的年轻人。
[例2]Among the guests is the person you are looking for.
你找的那个人就在客人当中。
[知识拓展]
需要完全倒装的情况：
(1)当作表语的“介词短语/形容词/分词”置于句首时，句子要用全部倒装，构成“表语(介词短语/形容词/分词)＋连系动词＋主语”结构。
(2)表示地点、时间、方向等的介词短语放在句首时。常见的介词有：among，between，in，at，beneath等。
(3)表示方向、地点和时间的副词in，out，down，up，off，back，away，over，there，now，then，here等放于句首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，要全部倒装。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Sitting in the hall were(be) the two astronauts who were very young.
②Here comes(come) a good chance that you can use your summer vacation to go on study tours.
③接着传来了多莉病重的消息。
Then came the news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
④出席会议的是学校领导和一些优秀的教师。
Present at the meeting are school leaders and some excellent teachers.
⑤在学生中间有一位研究野生动物的老教授。
At the centre of the students is an old professor studying wildlife.
1．(教材P2) The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
[分析]　此句为主从复合句，其中from which the rainforest gets its name为 “介词＋ which ”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词The Amazon River。
[译文]　亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6 400千米，比长江还长约100千米。
2．(教材P3)Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things.
[分析]　此句为简单句。home to different kinds of living things 是名词 world 的同位语。
[译文]　雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家园。
3．(教材P3)As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer，we are left with a question：can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？
[分析]　此句为主从复合句。其中 As 引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候，随着……”。can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”是名词 question 的同位语。
[译文]　随着人类活动的影响不断增加，濒危物种名单越来越长，这就留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
教材 高考
1.The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.
2.As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer，we are left with a question：can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？ (2021·全国甲卷)I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man.
3.When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of micro organisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. (2020·天津卷)Jones' idea has been fully realized—the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Coffee drunk on an empty stomach is not recommended because it can be harmful(harm) to your body.
2．He was ordered to pay damages (damage)totaling $3，000.
3．With the price rising so quickly, I find 1，000 yuan a month can hardly cover the cost of living(live).
4．She is the only survivor(survive) in the accident.
5．A police officer came to our help when our car broke down on the way.
6．The band's first album is due to come(come) out this month.
7．Build yourself up to peak performance on the day of the exam.
8．The production is now three times what it was five years ago.
9．In front of our house lies(lie) a river where we used to swim.
10．The island offers such a wide variety(vary) of scenery and wildlife.
Ⅱ.短语填空
in turn；break down；breathe life into；due to；build up；feed on；in danger of；play a role in；more than；be known as
1．Increased production will，in turn，lead to increased profits.
2．The graduates hired last month breathed life into our business.
3．As is known to all，the panda is in danger of becoming extinct.
4．I like her more than her sister.
5．The country needs new leadership if she is to play a role in future development.
6．Birds feed on nuts and berries in the winter.
7．Many people were expecting that the peace talks would break down．
8．This design came to be known as the oriental style.
9．The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.
10．She has always been encouraged to swim to build up the strength of her muscles.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
As the 1.largest (large) rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role 2.in maintaining the balance of the Earth's ecosystem. The Amazon River, from 3.which the rainforest gets its name, supports many different ecosystems, 4.giving (give) this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth.
From the tall and ancient brazil nut trees to the water lilies, the forest's different levels support 5.an unbelievable variety of wildlife. The Amazon rainforest is also home to more than 1, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals. For example, the jaguar, can 6.be found (find) here.
7. Known (know) as the “lungs of the planet”， the Amazon rainforest 8.breathes (breathe) life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. 9.However，about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human 10.activities (activity) such as agriculture and cattle farming.1．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n．损害；伤害→injured adj.受伤的；受损害的
2．react vi.反应；作出反应→ reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
3．order n．命令；顺序；规则→ orderly adj.有秩序的；有条理的，整齐的
4．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→confirmation n．证实；确认书，证明书
5．occur vi.发生，出现；存在于→occurrence n．发生；出现
6．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve v．减轻；解除；使放心
7．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→information n．信息；知识；情报→informed adj.见多识广的；消息灵通的
1．signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志；表明 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
①This announcement signalled a clear change of policy. 表明
②Hunger is the body's signal that levels of blood sugar are too low. 信号
③A police car drew abreast of us and signalled us to stop. 示意
2．exit vi.&vt.出去，离去，退场；退出 n．出口，通道；离开
①There is a fire exit on each floor of the building. 出口；通道
②He made a quick exit to avoid meeting her. 离开
③As the actors exited the stage the lights went on. 退场，离去
3．flood n．洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
①The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country.
洪水，水灾
②Large numbers of immigrants flooded into the area. 大量涌入
③If the pipe bursts it could flood the whole house. 淹没
④There's been a flood of low fat and light ice creams on the market. 大量
　injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害
[例1]Two thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
他们当中三分之二的人在地震中或死或伤。
[例2]This could seriously injure the company's reputation.
这会严重损害公司的声誉。
[知识拓展]
(1)injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 受伤的人；伤员
(2)injury n. (对躯体的)伤害，损伤；
(对感情的)伤害，挫伤
do an injury to sb.＝do sb.an injury 伤害某人
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I heard that her son was injured(injure) in the accident.
②I heard that the injured were sent to the nearest hospital at once.
③别那样做。你会把自己弄伤的。
Don't do that.You will do yourself an injury/do an injury to yourself/injure yourself．
　reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
[例]There has been a mixed reaction to her appointment as director.
对她任命为主管一事，人们的反应褒贬不一。
[知识拓展]
react to sth. 对某事做出反应
react by doing sth. 以……方式做出反应
react against 反对，反抗
react with 与……起化学反应
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①He was a little afraid of his father's reaction(react).
②Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
③你认为他会对这个坏消息做何反应？
→How do you think he will react to the bad news？(react)
→What do you think his reaction to the bad news will be？(reaction)
　signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
[例1]She signalled to Ted that she was moving forward.
她向特德示意她要向前走。
[例2]Chest pain can be a warning signal of heart problems.
胸部疼痛可能是心脏病的报警信号。
[知识拓展]
a danger/warning signal　　 危险/警告信号
traffic signals 交通信号灯
signal (to) sb.to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal to sb. 向某人示意
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The teacher signalled the students to go(go) down the stairs.
②The guard signalled to us when the disaster broke out.
③Tom turned left at the traffic signals(signal).
④警察示意这位司机过马路。
The policeman signalled the driver to cross the road．
　confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
[例1]Has everyone confirmed (that) they're coming
他们是不是每个人都肯定过一定会来？
[例2]The walk in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights.
在山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症。
[知识拓展]
(1)confirm sb.in...　　 使某人在……方面更加坚定
confirm sb.in the belief that... 使某人坚信……
It is/has been confirmed that... 已经确定……
(2)confirmation n. 证实；确认书，证明书
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is confirmed that he wasn't the person who stole your bike.
②Mr.Roberts，may I have your telephone number to confirm(confirm) the appointment tomorrow evening
③This latest information confirms me in the belief that he is to blame.
④已经确定，该组织的官员将出席这次会议。
It has been confirmed that officials of the organization will attend the meeting.
　occur vi.发生，出现；存在于
[例1]When exactly did the incident occur
这一事件究竟是什么时候发生的？
[例2]An excellent idea occurred to me when I was picking up my child.
我在接孩子时想到了一个极好的主意。
[知识拓展]
(1)occur to sb.　　 某人突然想到；想起
It occurs to sb.that.../to do... 某人突然想到……/要做……
(2)表示“某人突然想到……”还常用下列句型：
It strikes sb.that...
It hits sb.that...
[名师点津]
occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。其过去式和过去分词均为occurred。occur作谓语时，主语不能是人。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Going to visit my grandparents occurred(occur) to me when I woke up this morning.
②It didn't occur to her to ask(ask) for help.
③我从没想到她会提供给我们一个如此好的策略。
It never occurred to me that she would offer us so good a strategy.
　relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
[例1]We all breathed a sigh of relief when he left.
他走了以后，我们大家都如释重负地松了口气。
[例2]Much to my relief，the car was not damaged.
令我非常庆幸的是车并没有被损坏。
[知识拓展]
(1)to one's (great) relief　 使某人(大为)欣慰的是
What a relief! 可轻松了！
It is a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人欣慰的。
(2)relieve v. (疼痛、问题)减轻，缓解
relieve sb.of ... 解除某人……的负担
(3)relieved adj. 感到宽慰的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①It is a great relief to have(have) rain after a long time of drought.
②The doctor's treatment gave no relief(relieve) to the patient.
③The new secretary will contribute to relieving us of some of the paperwork.
④让他感到宽慰的是，孩子们都找到了一份好工作。
→To his relief，his children all found a good job.(relief)
→His children all found a good job，which made him relieved．(relieved)
　inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知
[例1]I have been reliably informed that the couple will marry next year.
我得到可靠消息说这对情侣明年结婚。
[例2]We need time to inform ourselves thoroughly of the problem.
我们需要时间对这个问题有个透彻的了解。
[知识拓展]
(1)inform sb.of/about sth. 告知某人某事
inform sb.that... 通知某人……
keep sb.informed of 随时告知某人……
(2)information n. 信息
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Thank you for keeping me informed(inform) of everything that's happening.
②The man often surfs the Internet to search for some information (inform).
③Did anyone inform you about/of the change of the plan
④我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请没有成功。
We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.
　when用作并列连词
(教材P16)Alice Brown，head teacher at Falmont Primary School，was teaching when the floor began to shake.
弗尔蒙特小学的校长爱丽丝·布朗正在上课，突然地板开始摇晃起来。
[句式分析]
句中用了“be doing...when...”这一固定句式，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。句中的when是并列连词，意为“就在那时”。相当于and then或and at the same time。
[例1]He was thinking about the question when an apple fell onto the ground.
他正在思考着这个问题，这时(突然)一个苹果落到了地上。
[例2]He was sleeping when someone knocked at the door.
他正在睡觉，突然有人敲门。
[知识拓展]
when作并列连词时常用于以下句型中：
(1)be doing...when...　 正在做……这时……
(2)be about to do...when...
＝be on the point of doing...when.../be going to do...when...
正要做……这时……
(3)had just done...when... 刚做了……这时……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the gate.
②I was wandering(wander)through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor's shop.
③We were about to start(start) when it began to rain.
④我正想着这件事，突然听到有人叫我的名字。
I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.
⑤她刚刚做完作业，妈妈就让她弹琴。
She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to play the piano.
　the moment引导时间状语从句
(教材P16)The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
震动一停止，布朗小姐就感觉到这是全班同学逃跑的最佳时机。
[句式分析]
句中用了the moment引导的时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
[例]The moment I went in，Kate let out a cry of surprise.
我一进去，凯特就惊讶地叫了一声。
[知识拓展]
表示“一……就……”的结构有：
(1)on/upon＋n./doing sth.
(2)immediately/directly/once＋从句
(3)the minute/the moment/the instant＋从句
(4)hardly...when...；
(5)no sooner...than...
[名师点津]　
当hardly和no sooner放在句首的时候，主句通常用部分倒装形式。主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
②Upon returning(return) from Beijing，he began his research work.
③I fell in love with this city directly(direct) I saw it.
④我太累了以至于我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。
I was so tired that the moment/the instant/the minute I closed my eyes，I fell asleep.
⑤我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来了。
Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.
1．(教材P16)After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other.
[分析]　此句为主从复合句。 after 引导时间状语从句，其中，that all were safe and sound为宾语从句；主句为“ they relaxed ”，动词 ing形式短语 “laughing，crying and hugging each other”作伴随状语。
[译文]　点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。
2．(教材P17)Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life.
[分析]　此句为简单句。to survive the disaster without any loss of life 为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词短语the only local beach。
[译文]　在这场灾难中，金海岸海滩是当地唯一没有人员伤亡的海滩。
3．(教材P17)However，Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.
[分析]　此句为主从复合句。其中 that 引导宾语从句。
[译文]　然而，萨布丽娜确信可怕的灾难即将来临，坚持要父母去告诉安全员。
教材 高考
1.Remember to inform yourself of what is going on. (2021·全国乙卷)In around 80 A．D．, the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.
2.After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm their exact pronunciations.
3.Her students' reaction was quick and correct―they moved under their desks，head first，and held on to the legs of the desks. (2020·浙江卷)In the past，there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads，says Mark Poch，the Bellevue Transportation Department's traffic engineering manager.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring(injure) at least five people.
2．She reacted by turning her back on him.
3．He signalled to us to join(join) him.
4．It has been confirmed that the singer will give a performance next week.
5．It occurred(occur) to me that I could buy my mother a new coat on her birthday.
6．Mr.Johnson insisted that the problem (should) be discussed(discuss) at the meeting.
7．We are kept informed(inform) of what is happening in the world by reading newspapers and watching TV.
8．I can't go out with all these dishes to wash/unwashed(wash).
9．The moment he returned from Europe，he set out to work.
10．To my great relief，they arrived home on time.
Ⅱ.短语填空
at large；at the same time；hold on to；in case；safe and sound；a series of；occur to；keep one's head；to one's great relief；keep...informed of
1．To my great relief，I passed the final exam.
2．Please keep me informed of any developments.
3．Try to keep your head and just tell me what happened.
4．At last he accepted the opinion of the public at large．
5．Happily，all have returned safe and sound．
6．I told him how we had fought to hold on to the company.
7．It's impossible to get everybody together at the same time．
8．In case you should need any help，here's my number.
9．In a flash，it occurred to him that he had left his umbrella in the meeting room.
10．Recently Tom has published a series of articles on the nature of modern society.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
(Ⅰ)
In spite of 7 killed and over 200 injured in an earthquake, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School 1.escaped(escape) the disaster. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries.
The head teacher 2.named (name)Alice Brown was teaching when the floor began to shake. Her students'3.reaction(react)was quick and correct. Miss Brown 4.quickly(quick) opened the classroom door 5.that/which might be damaged 6.in case it could not open. The moment 7.the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an 8.orderly (order) line. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, 9.laughing(laugh), crying and hugging each other.
The earthquake safety procedures 10.are practised(practise) twice a year, so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.
(Ⅱ)
Although a series of huge waves 1.caused(cause) by an undersea earthquake left thousands 2.dead(die), a 10 year old girl named Sabrina Andron helped around 100 people escape danger with her knowledge of tsunamis.
While people 3.were enjoying(enjoy) the warm sea air and the soft wind on the sandy beach, Sabrina noticed something odd. She said that the water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer. She had just learnt about tsunamis in 4.a Geography lesson, and it immediately occurred 5.to her that these were signs of an 6.approaching (approach) tsunami. Although frightened, she kept her head 7.and warned her parents of the danger.She kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. Much to her 8.relief(relieve), the officer realized the coming danger 9.immediately (immediate) and the beach 10.was cleared(clear) of people soon, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.1．survive v．生存；幸存→ survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物→survivor n．幸存者
2．intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指→intention n．打算，计划
3．refer v．查阅，参考；提到，谈及→reference n．提到，谈及；参考，查阅；参考书目
4．limit n．限度；极限；范围→ limited adj.有限的
5．contain v．容纳→ container n．容器；集装箱，货柜
6．wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地→wisdom n．智慧，才智，明智；知识，学问
7．benefit n．优势；益处→ beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
1．wisdom n．智慧，才智，明智；知识，学问
①The last thing we need are words of wisdom from an armchair critic. 智慧
②Many people have expressed doubts about the wisdom of the decision. 明智
③You could acquire some wisdom from reading. 知识
2．refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及；指的是
①Her mother never referred to him again. 提到，谈及
②This paragraph refers to the events of last year. 涉及，指的是
③You may refer to your notes if you want. 查阅，参考
　survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物
[例]If cancers are discovered early，there's a high chance of survival.
如果癌症早被发现，存活的概率就高。
[知识拓展]
(1)survive vt.& vi.　 生还；残存；比……活的时间长
survive on... 仅靠……维持生计
survive sb.by... 比某人多活……
(2)survivor n. 生存者；残存者；幸存者
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She survived her husband by twenty years.
②Life became a struggle for survival(survive).
③数以百万计的人靠非常有限的饮食生存。
Millions of people survive on a very limited diet.
　intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指
[例1]I intend that you (should) be invited by them.
我的意思是他们应该邀请你。
[例2]What do you intend doing when you get to this place
你打算到这里干什么？
[知识拓展]
(1)intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
(2)intended adj. 打算的；计划的
be intended for... 为……打算(或设计)的
be intended to do... 打算做……
(3)intention n. 意图，目的；企图
with the intention of 有……的打算/目的
have no intention of doing sth.＝have no intention to do sth.
无意做某事
without intention 无意地，不是故意地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He went to Paris with the intention(intend) of learning French.
②This is a new book intended(intend) for little children.
③I had intended(intend) to do it，but I'm sorry I forgot.
④这个人打算让他的儿子将来当医生。
The man intends his son to be a doctor in the future.
　refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
[例1]In his speech，he referred to a recent trip to Canada.
在他的讲话中，他提到了最近的加拿大之行。
[例2]Marcia had referred to him as a dear friend.
玛西娅把他称为好朋友。
[知识拓展]
(1)refer v. 参考；提到；查阅；涉及
refer...to... 把……提交给……
refer to...as... 把……看作……
(2)reference n. 参考，查阅；提到，谈及；
介绍信，介绍人
make (a) reference to 谈及，提及；参考
in/with reference to 关于
reference book 参考书；工具书
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He made no reference(refer) to his illness but only to his future plans.
②I have nothing to say in/with reference to that case.
③The question referred to at the meeting is hard to answer.
④他们总是称我为书虫，因为我总是对阅读上瘾。
They always refer to me as a bookworm because I am always addicted to reading.
　trial n．试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验vi.&vt.测试，试验
[例]We had the machine on trial for a week.
这台机器我们已经试用了一个星期。
[知识拓展]
be on trial 正在受审
stand/go on trial 受到审判
on trial 在试验/测试中
trial and error 反复试验
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Now he is on trial for his life.
②She will go on trial for murder.
③孩子们通过反复试验学习使用计算机。
Children learn to use computers by trial and error．
　limited adj.有限的
[例1]The amount of money we have is limited.
我们拥有的钱是有限的。
[例2]Film is a business with limited opportunities for actresses.
电影业对女演员来说机会有限。
[知识拓展]
(1)limit vt. 限制
n.[C]限度，限制
limit...to... 把……限定在……
be limited to... 局限于……
there is a limit to... ……是有限度的
(2)limitless adj. 无限制的，无止境的
(3)limitation n. 限制；局限
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We are doing our best with the limited(limit) resources available.
②The teacher limited his students to 500 words for their compositions.
③Families are limited(limit) to three free tickets each.
④我们做安排的时间有没有限制？
Is there any limit to the amount of time we will spend on making arrangements
　container n．容器；集装箱，货柜
[例]Do not fill the container more than two thirds full.
加入的量不要超过容器总容量的2/3。
[知识拓展]
contain vt.　　 包含；容纳；容忍；控制，克制
contain oneself 克制自己
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The girl went to pick up the bag containing(contain) much money.
②I don't know how much oil is in this old container(contain).
③他激动得几乎控制不住自己了。
He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself．
　speed up(使)加速
[例]I noticed that your breathing has speeded up a bit.
我注意到你的呼吸已加快了一点。
[知识拓展]
at a speed of... 以……的速度
at low/high/full/top speed 以低/高/全/最高速
pick up speed 加速
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Once outside the station，the train began to speed up．
②A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are travelling at high speed.
③This flight is now heading for Paris at a speed of 1，000 kilometres an hour.
④许多国家都面临着如何加快经济发展的问题。
Many countries are faced with the problem about how to speed up economic development.
　pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的
[例]I believe that hard work and determination will pay off.
我相信勤奋和决心一定会得到回报。
[知识拓展]
pay off　　 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清，还清
pay for 为……付钱；为……付出代价
pay back 还钱；报复
[名师点津]
pay off表示“得到回报”时，无被动语态，且一般用表示事物的名词作主语；表示“偿清，还清”时，用人作主语。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.
②他们用了三年时间还清债务。
It took them three years to pay off their debts．
③你能借我些钱吗？我到周五还你。
Can you lend me some money？I'll pay you back on Friday.
④约翰学习一直很努力，这得到了回报。
John always studied hard，and it paid off．
　beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
[例]Being exposed to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to learn the local language.
在外国文化环境中熏陶有利于我们学习当地语言。
[知识拓展]
(1)be beneficial to　 对……有益，对……有用
(2)benefit v. 对……有用，使受益
n. 益处
benefit from/by 得益于，得利于
be of benefit to 对……有利
for sb.'s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.
为了某人的利益
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Your advice is very beneficial(benefit) to me.
②You must study hard for the benefit of your own.
③This is an agreement which is of great benefit to both parties.
④这项新政策会使当地村民受益。
→The new policy will benefit the local villagers．(benefit vt.)
→The new policy will be beneficial to the local villagers．(beneficial)
→The new policy will be of benefit to the local villagers．(benefit n．)
→The local villagers will benefit from the new policy．(benefit vi.)
1．(教材P44)Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize，awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria，one of the deadliest diseases in human history.
[分析]　此句为简单句。不定式 to receive a Nobel Prize作后置定语，修饰名词scientist；过去分词短语awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria作定语，相当于定语从句which was awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria；名词短语one of the deadliest diseases in human history是 malaria 的同位语。
[译文]　屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。
2．(教材P45)However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.
[分析]　此句为主从复合句。句中 because 引导原因状语从句。主句中it 为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials。
[译文]　然而，由于研究资源有限，难以生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大型试验。
3．(教材P45)Perhaps the next generation of scientists，drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine，will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care.
[分析]　此句为简单句。句中“drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine”为动词 ing短语作定语，修饰名词 scientists。
[译文]　也许下一代的科学家借鉴中医的智慧，确实会发现更多有益于全球医疗的药物。
教材 高考
1.In the 1960s，many people were dying of malaria，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. (2020·天津卷)Making a full length clay(黏土)figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do！
2.However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. (2021·浙江1月卷)Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.
3.In her Nobel Lecture，she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture？
(2021·全国甲卷)She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Scientific research shows that women tend to survive their husbands by 5－10 years.
2．She went to this city with the intention(intend) of finding a good job.
3．It was foolish of him to refer to his notes during that important test.
4．The report will be published(publish)on the Internet.
5．At worst we'll have to sell the house to pay off our debts.
6．Her menu was so limited(limit) that few customers came to her restaurant.
7．The new rules will be beneficial(benefit) to every student.
8．I think Mary is a woman of great wisdom(wise).
9．Tom was demanding that he should be either put on trial or set free.
10．An animal's sense of smell is still crucial to its survival (survive).
Ⅱ.短语填空
refer to；speed up；pay off；make a difference；thanks to；succeed in；day and night；give up；large amounts of；draw on
1．I'll have to draw on my savings to afford it.
2．It was all a great success—thanks to a lot of hard work.
3．Did he give up or keep on trying
4．Study this example and refer to the explanation below.
5．After a month's hard work，his effort paid off at last.
6．He succeeded in getting a place at art school last year.
7．Whatever you choose to do，it will make a difference．
8．Speed up your pace and try to arrive there on time.
9．Students should not play computer games day and night．
10．The server is designed to store large amounts of data.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Because of her contribution to the fight against malaria, Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China 1.to receive(receive) a Nobel Prize.
Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu 2.studied(study) medicine at university in Beijing and acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In 1969 she became head of a team that intended to find a cure 3.for malaria.4.Inspired(inspire) by an over 1，600 year old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, she tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its 5.effective(effect) part.She finally succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. 6.However, the trials on patients were likely to 7.be postponed(postpone) because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up the process and ensure its 8.safety(safe), Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.
The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. In November 1972, they successfully isolated the most effective part of 9.the extract and named it qinghaosu, 10.which is now a key part of many malaria medicines. Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.1．major adj.主要的，较多的→ majority n．大部分，大多数；多数票
2．establish vt.建立(关系或联系)；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定→establishment n．确定，制定；建立
3．instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的n.瞬间，片刻；某一时刻→instantly adv.立即地
4．aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的→unaware adj.不知道；没意识到；未察觉→awareness n．意识，明白，知道
5．entertain vt.娱乐，招待→ entertainment n．娱乐活动；招待，娱乐
1．access n．机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用
①The police gained access through a broken window. 通道
②You need a password to get access to the computer system. 权利
③The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. 使用
2．deliver vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出
①We promise to deliver within 48 hours. 递送
②She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering. 发表
③They delivered their prisoner over to the army. 交出
3．appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢；理解；意识到
①His talents are not fully appreciated in that company. 赏识
②I would appreciate it if you paid in cash. 感谢，感激
③I don't think you appreciate how expensive it will be. 理解，意识到
　take off 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；起飞；事业飞黄腾达
[例1]We eventually took off at 11 o'clock and arrived in Juneau at 1：30.
我们终于在11点起飞，1：30到达朱诺。
[例2]In 1944，he met Edith Piaf，and his career took off.
1944年，他遇到伊迪丝·琵雅芙，从此他的事业飞黄腾达。
[知识拓展]
take in 包含；包括；理解；领会；吸收；
欺骗；收留
take away 拿走；消除
take back 收回；退回
take on 雇用；呈现
take up 拿起；占据；开始从事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①In fact，surfing the Internet takes up most of her time.
②是那位老人拿走了那张纸。
It was the old man that took away that sheet of paper.
③可怕的飓风过后这座古城呈现出了新面貌。
After the terrible hurricane，the old city took on a new look．
④第三部电影后，他的电影表演事业有了大起色。
After his third film，his career of film performance took off．
　access n．机会，权利；入径，通道vt.到达，进入，使用
[例1]Students must have access to good resources.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
[例2]Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment.
因此我被允许进入他们的居住环境。
[知识拓展]
(1)have/get/obtain/gain access to... 拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入
give access to 接近；准许进入
(2)accessible adj. 可使用的；可进入的；可接近的
be accessible to... 可接近/可靠近；可使用……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Our building is accessible(access) to people.
②The little cage in the tree can be accessed(access) by a ladder.
③这所学校的每个学生都可以使用新图书馆。
→Every student in this school has/gets/obtains/gains access to the new library.
→The new library is accessible to every student in this school.
　bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；抚养；养育；提出；呕吐
[例1]Click with the right mouse button to bring up a new menu.
单击鼠标的右键，调出另一个新菜单。
[例2]He was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri，along the Mississippi River.
他在密西西比河河畔密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。
[知识拓展]
bring in 引进；获利；赚钱
bring out 出版；使显现
bring about 引起；导致
bring down 使倒下；减少；降低
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①His carelessness brought about his failure in the exam.
②It's too expensive.Could you please bring down the price a little
③管理层的变动是一个引进新人才的机会。
The change of management is an opportunity to bring in new talent.
④下个月他们将出版这本书的新版本。
Next month they will bring out a new edition of the book.
　majority n．大部分，大多数；多数票
[例1]In the nursing profession，women are in a/the majority.
女性在护理行业中占大多数。
[例2]The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.
大多数接受采访的人喜欢看电视，不愿意听收音机。
[知识拓展]
(1)in a/the majority 占大多数
by/with a majority 以多数
(2)major adj. 主要的；重要的
vi. 主修
n. 主修课程；主修学生
major in 主修……
(3)minority n. 少数
in the/a minority 占少数
[名师点津]
(1)majority作主语时，若侧重于整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若侧重于个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)the/a majority of后跟可数名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数；后跟单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①If you look at the audience at a classical concert，the majority (major) is over the age of fifty.
②The majority of the damage is(be) easy to repair.
③The young man majored in Chinese while he was at college.
④在他们居住的国家里，妇女占大多数。
They live in a country where women are in the/a majority．
　deliver vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出
[例1]His parents always had him weeding the garden，carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.
他的父母总是让他为花园除草、扔垃圾以及送报纸。
[例2]The man who is delivering a speech now is my father.
现在发表演说的那个人是我的父亲。
[知识拓展]
(1)deliver a baby 助产；接生
deliver a speech 发表演说
be delivered of＝give birth to 分娩，生……
deliver sth.to sb. 把某物递送给某人
(2)delivery n. 递送
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The young man will have the goods delivered(deliver) tomorrow.
②The new delivery(deliver) service has taken off in a big way.
③店主今天将会把所有这些货物送到顾客那里。
The shop owner will deliver all these goods to the customers today.
　instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的；(食物)速食的 n．瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
[例]The injured were in instant need of help.
那些伤员急需救助。
[知识拓展]
(1)instant noodles 方便面
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
(2)in an instant 一会儿后；片刻；马上
for an instant 持续了一会儿
the instant(that)＝as soon as 一……就……
(3)instantly＝immediately 立刻，马上
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not for an instant did I believe he had lied.
②At the mention of his name，he instantly(instant) stood up.
③我一听到消息就把消息发给你了。
I sent you the news the instant(that) I heard it．
　aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的
[例1]When her friend was badly hurt, Kerry became aware of her habit of finding faults.
当她朋友被深深伤害时，克里意识到了她挑毛病的习惯。
[例2]Are you aware that there is something wrong with the computer
你意识到这台电脑出故障了吗？
[知识拓展]
(1)be aware of/that... 明白……；意识到……
make sb.aware of... 让某人意识到……
as far as I'm aware 据我所知
(2)awareness n. 意识，认知，了解
heighten/increase one's awareness of...
提高/增强某人的……意识
[名师点津]
(1)aware常用作表语或补足语，通常不作定语。
(2)aware的修饰语通常用well或quite，表示“很，非常”，而不用very。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to increase public awareness(aware) of jazz music.
②Everybody should be made aware of the risks.
③过了几分钟后我才意识到发生了什么。
It was several minutes before I was aware of what had occurred．
　have sth.done结构
(教材P31)You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites.
你可以使用送餐应用程序和网站让人将食物送到你身边。
[句式分析]
本句使用了have sth.done这一结构，意为“使/让别人做某事”。过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。have sth.done还可表示主语“遭遇到某事”或“把某事做完”。
[例1]I was at the dentist last Sunday to have my teeth checked.
上周日我去牙医诊所检查了我的牙齿。
[例2]Many people had their houses damaged in the earthquake.
许多人的房子在地震中被损坏了。
[知识拓展]
(1)have sb.do sth. 让某人做某事
(2)have sb./sth.doing... 使某人一直做……/使某物正
处于……
(3)can't/won't have sb.doing... 不允许某人做……
(4)have sth.to do 有某事要做
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I'll have my friends find(find) me a good hotel.
②It was cold.They had the fire burning(burn) the whole night.
③I can't have you speaking(speak) to your parents like this.
④The computer doesn't work and I will have it repaired(repair) today.
⑤昨天汤姆踢足球时摔断了腿。
Tom had his leg broken while playing football yesterday.
⑥天太冷了，他发现车子很难启动。
It's too cold and he finds it hard to have the car started．
　“no matter＋疑问词” 引导让步状语从句
(教材P31)No matter where we are，we are able to keep in contact with loved ones，find long lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies.
无论我们在哪里，我们都能与所爱的人保持联系，找到久违的朋友，并发现与我们有共同爱好的全新群体。
[句式分析]
本句为no matter where引导的让步状语从句。no matter where意为“无论在哪里”，相当于wherever。
[例1]No matter how many times I asked to watch cartoons，my parents would not let me.
无论我要求观看动画片多少次，父母就是不让看。
[例2]No matter what you say，I won't believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你的。
[知识拓展]
(1)“在no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句中，“no matter＋疑问词”可与“疑问词＋ ever”互换。
(2)whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句；no matter what(which，who，whom)只能引导让步状语从句。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①不管他何时再来，他都会受到欢迎。
No matter when/Whenever he comes again，he'll be welcome.
②不管情况多么艰难，都要执行这个计划。
No matter how/However hard the situation is，carry out the plan.
③无论谁触犯了法律都会受到惩罚的。
No matter who/Whoever breaks the law，he or she will be punished.
④你到了那里，喜欢什么就拿什么。
You can take whatever you like when you get there.
　“only ＋介词短语” 置于句首，引起部分倒装
(教材P31)Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery，wonder and inspiration for everyone.
只有这样，互联网才可以成为一个让每个人有所发现、获得惊奇和灵感的地方。
[句式分析]
“only＋介词短语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。
[例1]Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes.
经过一年时间的友好讨论之后，Garza女士才最终同意了。
[例2]Only then did I know the importance of study.
直到那时我才知道了学习的重要性。
[知识拓展]
“only＋状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)”位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。
[名师点津]
(1)当“only＋从句”置于句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。
(2)当only修饰状语不位于句首，或位于句首的only用来修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不倒装。
[即学即练]　完成句子/句式升级
①只有通过努力工作，你才能达成你的目标。
Only by working hard，can you achieve your goal．
②三周之后，男孩才安然无恙地到家。
Only after three weeks did the boy get home safe and sound.
③The military conflicts between the two countries can be solved only if the leaders of the two countries sign the contract.
→Only if the leaders of the two countries sign the contract，can the military conflicts between the two countries be solved．
1．(教材P30)No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.
[分析]　此句为主从复合句。 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词the first place，其中关系代词that在定语从句中充当turn to的宾语。
[译文]　难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
2．(教材P31)The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient，with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce，more commonly known as e commerce.
[分析]　此句为简单句。句中的with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce 为with的复合结构，在句中作原因状语，其中more commonly known as e commerce对electronic commerce作解释说明。
[译文]　互联网也给我们的生活带来了难以想象的便利，更通常地被称为e commerce的电子商务提供了各种商品和服务。
3．(教材P31)Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots―you can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of your living room.
[分析]　此句为倒装句。句中“Gone are the days...”使用了倒装结构：表语(Gone)＋系动词(are)＋主语(the days)，意为“……的日子一去不复返了”。
[译文]　一家店一家店寻找那双最合适的靴子的日子一去不复返了。你们可以舒舒服服地待在客厅里轻松快捷地比较款式和价格。
教材 高考
1.We can achieve almost anything online―with access to the Internet come some truly life changing advantages. (2021·天津卷)All applicants must have a driver's license and access to a car.
2.You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites. (2021·天津卷)Both adults and youngsters aged 13＋ are required to deliver our newspaper.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The smell of the sea took him back to his childhood.
2．I like folk music.It's accessible(access) and lively.
3．The majority(major) of the parents in China are concerned about their children's education.
4．Your blood cells must deliver nutrients to all the other cells.
5．I'll give it to her the instant I see her.
6．Her popular book Silent Spring raised public awareness(aware) of the dangers of pollution.
7．Tom had his nose broken (break) in a fight.
8．Only when we lose our health do/can we realize how important it is.
9．They don't last long no matter how careful you are.
10．Many women still take career breaks to bring up children.
Ⅱ.短语填空
take off；bring up；at one's fingertips；sit back；above all else；get in touch with；to a certain extent；get in the way；turn to；find out
1．You can always turn to your teachers when you come across any questions.
2．In this matter we must place the common cause above all else．
3．Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.
4．They didn't have to do anything except that they sat back and enjoyed life.
5．I'm trying to get in touch with Jane.Do you have her number
6．I had the information at my fingertips and hadn't used it.
7．We can find out how much money is spent on food in any given period.
8．He wouldn't allow emotions to get in the way of him doing his job.
9．To a certain extent，we are all responsible for this tragic situation.
10．The Smiths are praised for the way they bring up their children.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The Internet 1.has(have) the power to connect people across the world to 2.a single shared community. We can gain almost anything online—with access to the Internet come some truly life changing convenience. One of the greatest 3.advantages(advantage) of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information. The Internet has now become the first place 4.that the majority of people turn to for information. Meanwhile, it has also made our lives unbelievably 5.convenient (convenience), with e commerce 6.providing(provide) all sorts of goods and services. Above all else, the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties. However，while the Internet brings many valuable advantages, being connected has its problems. We must be aware 7.of these problems and be careful to use the Internet 8.properly(proper).Only in this way can the Internet be a place of 9.discovery (discover), wonder and 10.inspiration(inspire) for everyone.

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