资源简介

Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.literature　 A．adj. 特定的；明确的，具体的
(　　)2.appeal B．vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁
n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁
(　　)3.sensitive C．n. written works considered of
superior
(　　)4.specific D．n. the fact of being generous
(　　)5.generosity E．adj. 感觉敏锐的；体贴的；
敏感的；灵敏的
[答案]　1－5　CBEAD
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.draw on A．致力，专心，献身
(　　)2.be on the point of doing sth. B．即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人)
(　　)3.in store (for sb.) C．总的来说
(　　)4.devote oneself to D．凭借，利用
(　　)5.in summary E．正要做某事
[答案]　1－5　DEBAC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．capable adj. 有能力，有才能；能力强的
2．determine vt. 确定；支配；决心 vi.决心
3．significant adj. 有重要意义的，显著的
4．sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的
5．reflect vt.&vi. 反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思
6．contain vt. 包含，含有，容纳
7．collection n. (同类)收藏品；作品集；募捐
8．destroy vt. 摧毁，毁灭，破坏
9．attempt vt.&n. 努力，尝试，试图
10．confused adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
Ⅰ.语境填词
capable; attempt; appeal; awaken; feature; therefore; context; mean; destroy; flash
1．The government has set out to destroy the organization.
2．He appeared hardly capable of conducting an conversation.
3．A sudden flash of lightning lit everything up for a second.
4．An interesting feature of the city is the old market.
5．You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.
6．It was said that she used to be mean with money.
7．It rained and therefore the basketball match was put off.
8．Unfortunately, Grandma always seems to awaken at awkward moments.
9．We decided to appeal to different kinds of customers from then on.
10．I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．It was generous(generosity) of him to offer to pay for us both.
2．She shows great determination (determine) to learn English.
3．Your clothes are often a reflection (reflect) of your personality.
4．I placed a sheet of plastic over the top of the container (contain).
5．The city is providing free transportation(transport) to the stadium from downtown.
6．She found it extremely (extreme) difficult to get a job.
7．He has just finished his autobiography(biography).
8．Straighten(straight) up slowly，and then repeat the exercise ten times.
9．Traffic is bad，particularly(particular) in the city centre.
10．The booklet gives a brief description (describe) of each place.
1．A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.
一个孩子和一个男子正在海滩上散步，这时孩子突然发现了一个贝壳，便把它拿起来放在耳边。
2．What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.
令孩子惊讶的不是一个新的世界，而是不为人注意的古老音乐。
3．In a word，we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.
总之，我们现在已经到了希望了解并欣赏文学的地步。
4．Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.
它的吸引力更多地在于它唤醒了我们什么，而不是它说了些什么。
5．It also takes on a personal style—no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.
它也呈现了一种个人风格——没有一个作家可以描述人类的生活而又不反映自己的生活和经历。
课文助读
①walk on the beach在海滩上散步
②hold sth. to one's ear把……放在耳边
③nothing strange 没有什么奇怪的
④a range of一系列，各种
⑤in store for sb.即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着 (某人)
⑥appeal to the ear愉悦我们的耳朵
⑦make an effort/efforts to do sth. 努力做某事
⑧in a word总之
⑨determine some of one's significant qualities确定一些重要品质
⑩a sensitive human soul 一个感觉敏锐的灵魂
reflect the unnoticed sounds把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来
be capable of doing...能够做某事
be hidden from one's eyes视而不见
appeal to our feelings and imagination启发我们的情感和想象力
lie in在于
launch a thousand ships让一千艘战船起航
a world of love, beauty and heroism一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的世界
come out of来自……
contain two elements包含两种成分
universal interest普遍兴趣
human nature人性
take on a personal style呈现了一种个人风格
in summary总的来说
the written record 书面记录
thoughts and feelings思想和感情
human soul人类灵魂
The wonder of literature
A child and a man were walking on the beach① when the child found a shell and held it to his ear②. 【1】 Suddenly he heard strange, low, musical sounds. These sounds seemed to be from another world and the child listened to them with wonder. Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange③，and that the shell caught a range of④ sounds too faint for human ears. What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.
【1】be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时突然……”，when 为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。
Some such experience as this lies in store for us⑤ when we begin the study of literature. Let a little song appeal to the ear⑥， or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. To enter and enjoy this new world, we need to love literature, and make an effort to explain⑦ it.Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. 【2】We must know all these, if the book is to speak its whole message. In a word⑧， we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 【3】The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities⑨.
【2】本句是并列句。三个分句都是完全倒装句。表示处所或方位的介词短语behind... 置于句首时，句子要把谓语整体移到主语之前。
【3】句中where引导定语从句，先行词为point。当先行词是point, situation, stage, case等表示抽象地点的名词，且引导词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句常用where来引导。
The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul⑩ brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds . 【4】A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead grass; but a poet stops, looks deeper, sees truth and beauty, and writes，“Yesterday's flowers am I. ”One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.
【4】本句是复合句。主句是“主系表”结构的句子。until引导时间状语从句，as引导方式状语从句。
The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination . Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says. When Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen, “Was this the face that launched a thousand ships ？” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism .
The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence.　To achieve this, it should contain two elements ：universal interest and personal style. Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature —love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope. It also takes on a personal style —no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.
In summary , literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings ，and the history of the human soul .
(Adapted from William J. Long's English Literature：Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World)
译文参考
文学的奇妙
一个孩子和一个男子正在海滩上散步，这时孩子突然发现了一个贝壳，便把它拿起来放在耳边。突然，他听到了奇怪低沉的乐声。这些声音似乎来自另一个世界，孩子惊奇地听着它们。随后男子解释说其实孩子听到的声音并没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了各种对人的耳朵来说太微弱的声音而已。令孩子惊讶的不是一个新的世界，而是不为人注意的古老音乐。
当我们开始学习文学时，我们可能就会有一些像这样的体验。让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。要进入和享受这个新世界，我们需要热爱文学，并努力去诠释它。每一本书的背后都是人，人的背后是种族，种族的背后是自然和社会环境。如果一本书要传递完整的信息，我们就必须理解所有这些内容。总之，我们现在已经到了希望了解并欣赏文学的地步。第一步是确定文学的一些重要品质。
文学的第一个品质是它对真和美的描述。有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。一百个人路过一片田野时，眼中所见的可能都只是枯草，而一位诗人则会停下脚步，看得更透，他看到真与美，并且写下这样的诗句：“昨日我曾是鲜花。”读到这句诗的人可以发现曾视而不见的美。
文学的第二个品质是它对我们的情感和想象力的启发。它的吸引力更多地在于它唤醒了我们什么，而不是它说了些什么。当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道“这就是让一千艘战船起航的那张面孔吗？”他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力抵达了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。
文学的第三个品质，也是来自另外两个品质的，就是它的持久性。要做到这一点，它应该包含两个要素：普遍兴趣和个人风格。好的文学反映人性中最基本的东西——爱和恨，欢乐和悲伤，恐惧和希望。它也呈现了一种个人风格——没有一个作家可以描述人类的生活而又不反映自己的生活和经历。
总之，文学是以真和美的形式表现生活，是人的思想和情感的书面记录，是人类灵魂的历史。
(改编自威廉·J. 朗恩的《英语文学：历史及其对英语世界生活的意义》)Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.fantasy　　 A．n.经典作品，名著 adj.经典的；
古典的
(　　)2.envelope B．n.people watching or listening to
a play, concert，etc.
(　　)3.audience C．prep.即使，尽管
(　　)4.classic D．n.幻想作品；幻想，想象
(　　)5.despite E．n. a flat paper container used for
sending letters in
[答案]　1－5　DEBAC
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.not to mention A．在后台，在幕后
(　　)2.behind the scenes B．更不用说，且不说
(　　)3.do justice to C．除……以外(还)
(　　)4.in addition to D．停车，停止
(　　)5.pull up E．恰当处理(某人或某事)；公平对待
(某人或某事)，给予公正的评价
[答案]　1－5　BAECD
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．actually adv.实际上，事实上
2．brief adj.简洁的，简单的；短时间的
3．familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的
4．attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上
5．frequently adv.频繁地，经常
6．prefer vt.较喜欢，更喜欢
7．approach n．方法；接近；靠近 vt.接近，靠近；处理
8．perform vi.表演；工作，运转 vt.表演；做，履行
9．adapt vt.改编，改写；使适应 vi.适应
10．recommend vt.推荐，举荐；劝告，建议
Ⅰ.语境填空
factor，adapt，typical，eventually，regard，enable，approach，title，solution，recall
1．We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
2．Stress is often a factor in the development of long term sickness.
3．What does your typical day look like
4．His poems were published under the title of “Love and Reason”．
5．Working hard is the only approach to success.
6．There's no simple solution to this problem.
7．Can you recall exactly what happened
8．Our flight eventually left five hours late.
9．The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.
10．He seemed to regard the whole thing as a joke.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．A polar bear has a preference (prefer) for cold weather.
2．What is the exact location(locate) of the ship
3．I'll get round to mending it eventually(eventual).
4．Old workers can be as adaptable(adapt) and quick to learn as anyone else.
5．We need someone with lots of personality(personal) to head the project.
6．There are six people at the meeting in addition (add) to me.
7．The majority (major) of my patients come to me from out of town.
8．It was an impressive performance (perform) by the French team.
9．The best way of finding a lawyer is through personal recommendation (recommend).
10．Let me tell you briefly (brief) what happened.
1．Actually，the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work，most of which takes place behind the scenes.
事实上，你在银幕上看到的电影是大量辛勤工作的成果，其中大部分是在幕后进行的。
2．These are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you would expect.
它们往往是在镜头拍好后添加上去的，并且可能不是按你预料的方式制作的。
3．For example，in Jurassic Park，the sounds of different animals，including a baby elephant and a tiger，were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar.
例如，在电影《侏罗纪公园》里，就把包括小象和老虎在内的不同动物的声音用计算机混音，为的是制作恐龙的咆哮声。
4．He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself.
为了确保细节正确，他与历史学家交谈，甚至下到大西洋底部，亲自去看那艘船的残留部分。
5．My lecture today may not be able to do justice to all the work people have done behind the scenes.
我今天的演讲也许不能对人们在幕后做的所有工作给予公正的评价。
课文助读
①behind the scenes 固定短语，表示“在后台，在幕后”
②a huge amount of hard work大量的辛勤工作
③a brief introduction to ……的简单的介绍
④be familiar with熟悉……
⑤to begin with 首先，本来
⑥an important factor一个重要因素
⑦be mixed by a computer用计算机混合
⑧make a dinosaur roar制作恐龙的咆哮声
⑨the sound of the doors opening开门声
⑩a sheet of paper一张纸
attach great importance to... 重视，认为……很重要
visual special effects视觉特效
be frequently used被广泛使用
in the studio 在电影摄影棚
be easily separated from很容易地从……中被分离出来
in this way以这种方式
the aid of computers计算机的辅助
take a creative approach采用一种创造性的方法
use clever camera angles巧妙地利用摄像机的角度
make characters seem bigger使剧中角色看上去更大
contribute to 有助于，促成
spend time doing... 花费时间做某事
revise plans修改计划
talk to historians与历史学家交谈
ensure that...保证或确保……
the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
not to mention 更不用说，且不说
do justice to 给予公正的评价
spare a thought for... 替……着想，想到……
talented people才华出众的人
原文呈现
Behind the scenes①
Hello，everyone! Let me start by asking you a question: what's the first thing you notice about a film The acting The music Maybe the amazing sets Whatever your answer is，there's always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. 【1】Actually，the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work②，most of which takes place behind the scenes.【2】Today，I'll give you a brief introduction to③ some aspects of film making you might not be familiar with④.
【1】whatever引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……，无论……”。
【2】most of which... 为介词(of) ＋关系代词(which)引导的定语从句， 表示“在……中”。
To begin with⑤，I'd like to draw your attention to an important factor⑥ of a film—sound effects. These are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you would expect. 【3】 For example，in Jurassic Park，the sounds of different animals，including a baby elephant and a tiger，were mixed by a computer⑦ to make a dinosaur roar⑧.The sound of the doors opening⑨ in the Star Trek films was made simply by pulling a sheet of paper⑩ out of an envelope.
【3】you would expect为定语从句，先行词为the way。
Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects . CGI has been frequently used in film making as a special effects technology. Generally，scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio . As green doesn't match any natural hair or skin colour，actors can be easily separated from the background. 【4】This enables CGI effects to be added later. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen.【5】 However，the aid of computers isn't always preferred. Peter Jackson，director of The Lord of the Rings films，took a creative approach ―he used clever camera angles to make characters seem bigger or smaller than they really were.【6】
【4】as引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。
【5】此处的with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen为with的复合结构，在句中作状语。
【6】连词than引导的比较状语从句。
Props also contribute to a film's success. To make a film look real，great effort must sometimes be made to research，find and build objects. Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a full sized model for his 1997 film. He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself. 【7】 It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model，not to mention the thousands of props inside. 【8】
【7】此处的...that the details were correct为ensure的宾语从句；句中的what引导的从句作动词see的宾语。
【8】 此句用了“It takes sb. some time to do... ”句型，表示“做某事花费了某人多长时间”，it为形式主语，to do... 不定式为真正主语。
My lecture today may not be able to do justice to all the work people have done behind the scenes. 【9】 Just as the poor passengers on the real Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg，what we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film making. 【10】Hopefully，next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. 【11】They have worked for months and even years so that you can have two hours of enjoyment！【12】
【9】此句为省略了关系代词(that/which) 引导的定语从句。
【10】as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如……”。what引导主语从句。
【11】next time引导时间状语从句，意为“当下次……时”。
【12】so that引导目的状语从句。
译文参考
在幕后
大家好！首先，我要问你们一个问题：关于电影，你首先注意到的是什么？表演？音乐？也许是令人惊叹的摄影场地？无论你的答案是什么，它(电影)都远比你最初表面看到的更为复杂。事实上，你在银幕上看到的电影是大量辛勤工作的成果，其中大部分是在幕后进行的。今天，我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的一些方面做一个简单的介绍。
首先，我想提醒你注意电影的一个重要因素——音响效果。它们往往是在镜头拍好后添加上去的，并且可能不是按你预料的方式制作的。例如，在电影《侏罗纪公园》里，就把包括小象和老虎在内的不同动物的声音用计算机混音，为的是制作恐龙的咆哮声。系列影片《星际迷航》中的开门声只是靠从信封里往外抽纸形成的。
另一个我认为很重要的方面就是视觉特效。作为特效技术CGI(计算机生成影像)在电影制作中一直被广泛使用。通常，需要 CGI 的镜头是在绿屏前拍摄的。由于绿色与任何天然的头发或肤色都不匹配，演员可以很容易地从背景中被分离出来。这使 CGI 效果能够在后期添加。电影《哈利·波特》中的魁地奇场景就是以这种方式制作的，演员们在绿屏前来回跳跃。但是，计算机的辅助并不总是首选。《指环王》系列电影的导演彼得·杰克逊采用了一种创造性的方法——他巧妙地利用摄像机的角度使剧中角色看上去比实际大或小。
道具也是电影成功的原因之一。为了使电影看起来真实，有时必须下很多功夫来研究、查找和制作物品。导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆花了六个月的时间研究和修改《泰坦尼克号》的拍摄计划，以便为他1997年的电影制作一个原尺寸模型。为了确保细节正确，他与历史学家交谈，甚至下到大西洋底部，亲自去看那艘船的残留部分。500个工人花了100天才制作出那艘船的漂亮模型，更不用说里面的数千个道具了。
我今天的演讲也许不能对人们在幕后做的所有工作给予公正的评价。正如真正的“泰坦尼克号”上那些可怜的乘客们所看到的冰山一角一样，我们在影院银幕上看到的也只是电影制作这座巨大冰山的一角而已。希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。他们已经工作了几个月甚至几年，你们才得以享受两小时快乐的观影时光！Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.stretch　　　 A．n.体操，体操训练
(　　)2.gymnastics B．adv. at the present time
(　　)3.nowadays C．n. the study of theories
about basic things
(　　)4.philosophy D．vt.维持；维修，保养
(　　)5.maintain E．vt.&vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；
伸出；(使)延伸
[答案]　1－5　EABCD
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.over the long term　 A．对……进行最后的润色或修饰
(　　)2.make up for B．不足为奇，并不奇怪
(　　)3.put the finishing touches to C．起源于
(　　)4.no wonder D．弥补，补偿
(　　)5.be rooted in E．长期
[答案]　1－5 EDABC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺
2．assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露
3．tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看
4．moreover adv.此外，而且
5．average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的
6．prevent vt.阻止，阻碍
7．announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知
8．position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位
9．admit vt.&vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入
10．inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)
Ⅰ.语境填空
assume; routine; moreover; inspire; prevent; reduce; lack; update; position; exist
1．She saw that there was indeed a man immediately behind her.Moreover，he was observing her strangely.
2．Make exercise a part of your daily routine．
3．It is reasonable to assume that the economy will continue to improve.
4．Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position．
5．I called the office to update them on the day's developments.
6．The charges were dropped for lack of evidence.
7．Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing.
8．Few of these monkeys still exist in the wild.
9．If you plan what you're going to eat，you reduce your chances of overeating.
10．Her work didn't exactly inspire me with confidence.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．Three people were killed and five injured (injury) in the crash.
2．The equipment (equip) of the photographic studio was expensive.
3．I've got an important announcement (announce) to make.
4．She failed to gain admission (admit) to the university of her choice.
5．Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration(inspire) for an artist.
6．She didn't want to give him the satisfaction (satisfy) of seeing her cry.
7．I was unaware of his existence(exist) until today.
8．Zheng He was China's great explorer(explore).
9．She agreed to see him again without hesitation (hesitate).
10．I suggest that you join an athletic(athlete) club.
1．Congratulations! You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you!
祝贺你！你已经向一个全新的、完善的自己迈出了第一步！
2．To start with，physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs.
首先，身体活动可以提高心脏和肺部的工作效率。
3．Like cars that run on petrol，your body burns carbohydrates for energy.
就像靠汽油行驶的汽车一样，你的身体需要消耗碳水化合物来获得能量。
4．Do not eat immediately after exercise；instead，wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine，or as much as an hour after a hard workout.
运动后不要立即进食；相反，在常规锻炼后至少等待30分钟，或者在高强度锻炼后等待一个小时再开始进食。
5．You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt.
为避免受伤，你也应该从小运动量开始，逐步进行更长、更艰苦的锻炼。
课文助读
①Congratulations！祝贺你！
②assume that...认为……
③do wonders 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用
④to start with 首先，作为开端
⑤increase the efficiency of...提高……的效率
⑥over the long term 长期
⑦tend to do...往往会……
⑧immune systems免疫系统
⑨at lower risk of diseases患病风险较低
⑩be good for对……有好处
reduce stress减轻压力
plan one's exercise routine计划好某人的日常锻炼
muscle strength肌肉力量
aerobic activities有氧运动
strength training力量训练
such as例如
encourage bone development有助于骨骼发育
flexibility training柔韧性训练
stretch one's muscles伸展某人的肌肉
range of movement活动范围
play a role in 在……中起作用，扮演角色
above all 首先，尤其是
in this way用这种方法
stick with 持续，坚持
drink right正确饮水
burn carbohydrates for energy消耗碳水化合物来获得能量
plenty of大量的
keep up 维持，继续
foods rich in protein 富含蛋白质的食物
an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours平均1.5到2.5小时
after a hard workout高强度锻炼后
throughout exercise在整个运动过程中
make up for 弥补，补偿
avoid injury避免受伤
prevent soft tissue injury防止软组织受伤
make sure that...确保……
start small从小运动量开始
warm up 热身
at the end of 在……的尽头，在……结束时
原文呈现
A beginner's guide to exercise
You want to start doing exercise？Congratulations！① You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you!
Understanding the benefits of exercise
Most people assume that② regular exercise does wonders③ for the body and mind—but what exactly are its health benefits To start with④，physical activity increases the efficiency of⑤ your heart and lungs. During exercise，your heart and lungs must work harder. This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term⑥. It has also been proven that active people tend to⑦ have better immune systems⑧ and are at lower risk of diseases⑨.【1】 Moreover，exercise is good for⑩ your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions，meaning you could actually exercise your way to better performance at school！【2】
【1】 It has also been proven that...事实也已经证明……， it 为形式主语，that从句是主语从句。
【2】Some studies even show that ...一些研究甚至表明……，that从句为宾语从句；meaning...为动词 ing形式短语作状语。
Planning your exercise routine
When you plan an exercise routine，the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility.【3】Aerobic activities ，like jogging，swimming and skiing，develop your heart and lungs. Strength training ，such as pull ups and weightlifting，increases muscle strength and encourages bone development . Flexibility training ，including gymnastics and tai chi，helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement . These types of exercise all play a role in a healthy routine. Above all ，choose activities you enjoy because，in this way ，you're more likely to stick with them.
【3】句中的不定式to consider 作定语，修饰the first thing; what you expect to improve 为表语从句。
Eating and drinking right
Like cars that run on petrol，your body burns carbohydrates for energy . Foods like noodles，rice，fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a long workout. To help your muscles recover and repair themselves after exercise，you need to eat foods rich in protein ，such as fish，eggs and milk products. When to eat is also of great importance.【4】In general，you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising.【5】 Do not eat immediately after exercise; instead，wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine，or as much as an hour after a hard workout . Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.
【4】此句中“When to eat”作主语；of great importance表示很重要，其中“of＋抽象名词(importance)”，相当于形容词(important)。
【5】before exercising 为状语从句的省略。
Avoiding injury
To prevent soft tissue injury ，make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.【6】You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt. Finally，remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout.
【6】To prevent ... injury 意为“为了防止……受伤”，动词不定式作目的状语。
So，now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it safely and effectively. What are you waiting for？
译文参考
锻炼的入门指南
你想开始锻炼吗？祝贺你！你已经向一个全新的、完善的自己迈出了第一步！
了解锻炼的好处
大多数人认为经常锻炼对身心有奇效，但它对健康究竟有什么好处呢？首先，身体活动可以提高心脏和肺部的工作效率。在运动过程中，你的心脏和肺必须要更加努力地工作。这种长期的额外的努力使它们变得更加强大。事实也证明，经常运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。此外，锻炼对你的精神健康有好处。锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服消极情绪。一些研究甚至表明锻炼会改善大脑的某些功能，这意味着你确实可以通过锻炼来提高学业成绩！
计划好你的日常锻炼
制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善，是心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。有氧运动，如慢跑、游泳和滑雪，可以改善你的心肺功能。力量训练，如引体向上和举重，能增加肌肉力量，有助于骨骼发育。体操和太极拳等柔韧性训练有助于伸展肌肉，加大身体活动范围。这些类型的运动都对你的日常身体锻炼起着很重要的作用。最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为这样你更有可能坚持下去。
正确进食饮水
就像靠汽油行驶的汽车一样，你的身体需要消耗碳水化合物来获得能量。面条、米饭、水果和蔬菜之类的食物向你提供大量碳水化合物，让你在长时间的锻炼中保持能量。为了帮助你的肌肉在运动后恢复和自我修复，你需要吃富含蛋白质的食物，如鱼、鸡蛋和奶制品。何时吃饭也很重要。一般来说，你应该在用餐平均1.5到2.5小时后再进行锻炼。运动后不要立即进食；相反，在常规锻炼后至少等待30分钟，或者在高强度锻炼后等待一个小时再开始进食。记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。
避免受伤
为防止软组织受伤，请确保锻炼时穿着合适的衣服和装备。为避免受伤，你也应该从小运动量开始，逐步进行更长、更艰苦的锻炼。最后，记得在锻炼之前热身，并在锻炼结束后做拉伸。
既然你已经了解了锻炼的好处以及如何安全有效地进行锻炼，你还在等待什么？Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.decorate　 A．adj. 普通的，平常的；平庸的
(　　)2.precious B．vt. 代表；为……代言；体现
(　　)3.ordinary C．vt. & vi. make sth. look more
attractive; put paint on the wall
(　　)4.stuff D．adj. valuable or important;
rare and worth a lot of money
(　　)5.represent E．n. 东西，物品；活儿；话
vt.填满，装满；把……塞进
[答案]　1－5　CDAEB
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.in the air　　　 A．决不，根本不
(　　)2.pass down B．在传播中；可感觉到
(　　)3.anything but C．被卷入，陷入
(　　)4.in honour of D．使世代相传，流传
(　　)5.be caught up in E．为向……表示敬意
[答案]　1－5　BDAEC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．custom n. 风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾
2．impression n. 印象，感想；影响，效果
3．occasion n. 特殊场合，盛会；时刻；时机
4．promote vt. 促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升
5．earn vt.&vi. 赚得；获利；赢得
6．hunt vi.&vt.寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕
7．observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝
8．duty n. 责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税
9．select vt. 选择，挑选
10．convenient adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的
Ⅰ.语境填词
nation；custom；occasion；stuff；earn；hunt；generation；income；settle；tear
1．My 2 year old daughter likes to tear paper into pieces.
2．On one occasion, she called me in the middle of the night.
3．The chairs were covered in a kind of plastic stuff．
4．Tourism is a major source of income for the area.
5．It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.
6．A nation must be closely united to achieve greatness.
7．As a child I learned to hunt and fish.
8．When are you going to get married and settle down
9．He doesn't earn as much as I do.
10．Within a generation, flight has become the method used by many travellers.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．A hunter(hunt) is a person who hunts wild animals for food or sport.
2．A large package(pack) has arrived for you.
3．According to the observer(observe) the plane exploded shortly after take off.
4．The contract was awarded to a previously (previous) unknown company.
5．They are afraid of losing their national(nation) identity.
6．Her promotion (promote) to sales manager gave us a surprise.
7．I followed her into that room which her mother had maintained so neatly (neat).
8．I was fortunate (fortune) in having a good teacher.
9．The final team selection(select) will be made tomorrow.
10．A settlement(settle) is a place where people have come to live and make their homes.
1．Another was the part when Nadim's father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.
另一个是纳迪姆的父亲骄傲地领着女儿穿过一排排座位，来到她丈夫面前的那个时刻。
2．Although our cultures are so different，the smiling faces are the same.
尽管我们的两种文化很不相同，但大家的笑容是相同的。
3．The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times.
这对夫妇手牵手，绕着一个小火堆走了四次。
4．The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight.
我一下飞机就感到酷暑袭人。
5．Even as I lay in bed that evening, the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me.
那天晚上甚至在我躺在床上时，艳丽的色彩还在眼前浮现，欢快的音乐仍在耳畔回响。
课文助读
①a wedding ceremony 一场婚礼
②definitely not 决不，绝对不是
③take place 发生，举行
④a brightly decorated hotel room一个装饰明亮的酒店房间
⑤(be) dressed up in...穿着……
⑥according to tradition按照传统
⑦wear an eye catching red silk sari穿着醒目的红色丝绸莎丽
⑧traditional customs传统习俗
⑨make a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的印象
⑩on a beautiful white horse骑着一匹漂亮的白马
through the rows of seats穿过一排排座位
remind sb. of...让某人想起……
anything but ordinary 决不寻常
join hands手牵手
make a different promise about...就……做出不同的承诺
get off the flight 下飞机
take a week off请一周的假
in the air可感觉到；在传播中
in the merry crowd在欢快的人群中
a band in fancy costumes一个身着奇装异服的乐队
wait with excitement兴奋地等待
jump into action跳动起来
march down the street沿着街道行进
through the ever growing sea of people穿过不断扩张的人海
dance all the way一路上跳舞不停
roasted meat烤肉
be caught up in... 被卷入……，牵涉
fly by飞逝
原文呈现
Alex around the world
10 January，a wedding ceremony①，India
When Nadim invited me to his sister's wedding, I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime. I was definitely not② wrong!
The wedding ceremony took place③ in a brightly decorated hotel room④. There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in⑤ formal, colourful clothes.【1】 According to tradition⑥， the bride was wearing an eye catching red silk sari⑦.
【1】句中的all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes 为“代词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构，在句中作状语，意思是“所有人都穿着正式的、色彩缤纷的衣服”。
I did not understand all of the traditional customs⑧， but a few made a deep impression on⑨me.【2】One was the bridegroom's entrance on a beautiful white horse⑩. I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadim's father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband. It reminded me of my sister's wedding. Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same. 【3】
【2】not... all of ... 为部分否定，译为“我并不了解所有的传统习俗”。
【3】although引导让步状语从句，翻译为“尽管/虽然……，但是……”。
The customs that followed were anything but ordinary .【4】 The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. It was very romantic!
【4】句中的that followed为定语从句，修饰先行词the customs, 译为“接下来的风俗”。
After the ceremony, it was time for the celebrations. 【5】That is a story for another day, but let's just say there was a lot of dancing. Now I know I have two left feet... and both of them hurt!
【5】it was time for... 到了做……的时候了
26 February, Rio Carnival, Brazil
The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight . No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion【6】. I could feel it already—the Carnival was in the air ！
【6】本句中用了(It is) no wonder (that)... 句型，译为 “难怪……，……不足为奇”。
To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself, I went to a street party. Luckily, I arrived just in time—the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd . I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street. Some of them carried flags, which blew in the wind. 【7】The crowd waited with excitement .
【7】关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词flags。
Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music, and the group jumped into action . The band started playing an energetic samba beat, the dancers twisted and turned, and the crowd began to cheer, clap and sing. The whole group started marching down the street . The Carnival current carried us through the ever growing sea of people , dancing all the way . 【8】 Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands. I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by ！【9】
【8】dancing all the way 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
【9】本句中用了“so... that... ”句式，表示 “如此……以至于……”，其中that从句为结果状语从句。
Even as I lay in bed that evening, the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me. 【10】What an amazing first day in Rio！【11】
【10】此句为复合句。as引导时间状语从句，译为“当……时候”。
【11】此句为what引导的感叹句，意思为“在里约热内卢的第一天是多么美妙的一天啊！”。
译文参考
亚历克斯环游世界
1月10日，一场婚礼，印度
当纳迪姆邀请我参加他姐姐的婚礼时，我知道这将是我一生中难得的一次机会。绝对错不了！
婚礼在一个装饰明亮的酒店房间举行。有几百名客人，都穿着正式的、色彩缤纷的衣服。按照传统，新娘穿着醒目的红色丝绸莎丽。
不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。一个是新郎官骑着一匹漂亮的白马入场了。在我的老家从来没有见过这种场面！另一个是纳迪姆的父亲骄傲地领着女儿穿过一排排座位，来到她丈夫面前的那个时刻。这让我想起了我妹妹的婚礼。尽管我们的两种文化很不相同，但大家的笑容是相同的。
接下来的风俗十分不寻常。这对夫妇手牵手，绕着一个小火堆走了四次。然后，他们在火边走了七步，每一步都就如何互相支持，幸福地生活在一起做出了不同的承诺。真是太浪漫了！
仪式结束后，是庆祝的时间。这个话题改日再聊，但是先这么说吧，(那天)舞跳了不少。现在我只知道我笨手笨脚的，而且两只脚都受伤了！
2月26日，里约狂欢节，巴西
我一下飞机就感到酷暑袭人。难怪里约的人们为这个欢乐的时刻都请了一周的假。我已经感受到了狂欢节的氛围！
为了亲身体验狂欢节的精神，我参加了一个街头聚会。幸运的是，我到得正是时候——演出即将开始，我走进欢快的人群中。我可以看到大约20名身着奇装异服的一群巴西舞蹈演员和一个乐队站在大街上。他们中的一些人举着飘扬的旗帜。人群兴奋地等待着。
然后到处都是艳丽的色彩和活泼的音乐，队伍开始跳动起来。乐队开始演奏充满活力的桑巴节拍，舞者扭动着身子，人群开始欢呼、鼓掌和歌唱。整群人开始沿着街道行进。狂欢节的人潮带着我们穿过不断扩张的人海，一路上跳舞不停。我们经过一波又一波街头小摊时，装着汽水和啤酒的保冷箱排列在狭窄的街道两边，空气中弥漫着烤肉的味道。我是如此陷入聚会的狂热中，几乎没注意到五个小时就这样过去了！
那天晚上甚至在我躺在床上时，艳丽的色彩还在眼前浮现，欢快的音乐仍在耳畔回响。在里约的第一天是多么美妙的一天啊！

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