资源简介

2023—2024学年度高二下学期期中检测卷
英语
（试卷满分：150 分 考试时间：120 分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What has the man lost
A. A coat. B. A button. C. A wallet.
2. Which kind of skill does the man want to practice
A Writing. B. Reading. C. Speaking.
3. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Use online tools. B. Admit his mistake. C. Create a new character.
4. What are the speakers going to do
A. Repair their house. B. Go on vacation. C. Buy a camera.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A meeting. B. An email. C. A phone.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. On a farm. B. By a river. C. In a restaurant.
7. What will the woman probably do next
A. Drink something. B. Feed the chickens. C. Pick some vegetables.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman like learning in a classroom
A. She likes talking with her fellow students.
B. She can see things written on the blackboard.
C. She enjoys asking her teacher questions in person.
9. What do we know about the man
A. He keeps cats. B. He is a teacher. C. He has poor eyesight.
10. What subject does Mrs. Smith probably teach
A. Art. B. Math. C. Computer science.
听第8段材料，回答第11全13题.
11. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Call the power company B. Wear more clothes. C. Search for a job.
12. How much have the energy prices increased
A. By 15%. B. By 20%. C. By 50%.
13. How does the woman feel at the end of the conversation
A. Angry. B. Helpless. C. Thankful.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relat onship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Co-workers. C. Strangers.
15. Why is the man looking for Matt
A. To review fire safety rules. B. To go over a report. C. To go for coffee.
16. What time is it now
A. 1:00 p. m. B. 5:00 p. m. C. 6:00 p. m.
17. Which stairs are the nearest to the speakers in the building
A. The ones in the south. B. The ones in the west. C. The ones in the east.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker probably doing
A. Accepting an award.
B. Giving a retirement speech.
C. Making a wedding announcement.
19. Where will the party take place
A. At a hotel. B. On a beach. C. In a garden.
20. What does the speaker plan to do
A. Buy a new house. B. Move to a different city. C. Create art with his wife.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What’s on
Genuine words
Art Critique at the Art Museum of the Beijing Fine Art Academy is a unique show that puts the works of resident painters and the critiques (评论) of scholars (学者) together. The painters are from the academy’s four workshops on oil painting and three types of Chinese paintings — mountain and water, flower and bird, and figure.
9 am-5 pm, closed on Mondays. 12 Chaoyang Park Nanlu, Chaoyang district, Beijing.
Small landscapes
Wandering on the Earth is a show of landscapes from the collection of the National Art Museum of China, which includes many attractive scenes from around the world. Running at the National Art Museum of China, the show awakens a feeling of woyou, an old term that refers to the journey taken in the mind upon appreciating a landscape painting.
9 am-5 pm, closed on Mondays. 1 Wusi Dajie, Dongcheng district, Beijing.
Galloping lines
The Tianjin Museum traces (追溯) the development of Chinese calligraphy during the Ming and Qing dynasties in a show of its collection from the period. Developing over thousands of years, calligraphy became an important part of Chinese art.
9 am–5 pm, closed on Mondays. 62 Pingjiang Dao, Hexi district, Tianjin.
Wandering strokes
In her paintings, Yu Lian tries to visualize (使形象化) Xiaoyao You, a text from Zhuangzi, a book about the thoughts of the Taoist philosopher Zhuangzi, who lived around the 4th century BC. Yu is always busy with painting, and she shares her works in her show, Painting Zhuangzi, at the Today Art Museum. She manages to explain Zhuangzi’s Taoist ideas in her paintings.
10 am-6 pm, closed on Mondays. 32 Baiziwan Lu, Chaoyang district, Beijing.
1. What is special about the show at 12 Chaoyang Park Nanlu
A. It shows comments about the paintings.
B. It lets people comment on the paintings.
C. It invites resident painters and scholars.
D. It shows three types of Chinese paintings.
2. Where can you enjoy paintings showing the beauty of foreign countries
A. At the Tianjin Museum.
B. At the Today Art Museum.
C. At the National Art Museum of China.
D. At the Art Museum of the Beijing Fine Art Academy.
3. What does Yu Lian want to do through her paintings
A. Share her painting skills with other painters.
B. Show the importance of reading books.
C. Visualize the stories of famous books.
D. Show ideas of a Taoist philosopher.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个美术展各自的特点、时间以及展出地点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。文章部Genuine words分讲到“Art Critique at the Art Museum of the Beijing Fine Art Academy is a unique show that puts the works of resident painters and the critiques (评论) of scholars (学者) together. (北京美术学院美术馆的《艺术评论》是一个独特的展览，将常驻画家的作品与学者的评论结合在一起)”可知，朝阳公园南路12号的演出的特别之处是上面有对这些画的评论。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。文章Small landscapes部分讲到“Wandering on the Earth is a show of landscapes from the collection of the National Art Museum of China, which includes many attractive scenes from around the world (《流浪地球》是中国美术馆收藏的一场风景秀，其中包括许多来自世界各地的迷人景色)”可知，在中国美术馆可以欣赏到展示外国美景的画作。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。文章Wandering strokes部分讲到“In her paintings, Yu Lian tries to visualize (使形象化) Xiaoyao You, a text from Zhuangzi, a book about the thoughts of the Taoist philosopher Zhuangzi, who lived around the 4th century BC.(在她的绘画中，于莲试图将《逍遥游》形象化，这是一本关于道家哲学家庄子思想的书，庄子生活在公元前4世纪左右)”可知，于莲想通过自己的绘画展示道家哲学家的思想。故选D。
B
It was the middle of the night when Bibi Bahrami’s father awoke her and the rest of the family, telling them they must leave their home immediately because her country, Afghanistan, was being invaded. Bahrami, only a teenager at the time, remembers being in a state of shock. “We just put our shoes on and we were all crying. We didn’t want to leave home. We didn’t know where we were going to end up,” Bahrami said.
The family spent the next six years living in a refugee (难民) camp in Pakistan. Life was hard, but Bahrami’s family made the most of it. They eventually made a sort of “mud house”. Much like life in Afghanistan, however, girls in the refugee camp did not attend formal school.
After getting married, Bahrami moved to the US, which provided Bahrami with a lot of experiences that wouldn’t be available to her back home. “I had day care for my children, and I could still study and go to school. I was so inspired by the opportunity. And I say I want to do this for the girls who are left behind,” she said. Hence Afghan Women’s And Kids’ Education & Necessities (AWAKEN) was founded. The first project was building a school that both boys and girls could attend. “I feel girls’ education is so important. They can educate their children and then society,” she continued.
In 2021, Bahrami started a new project MARRC, which helps Afghan refugees find housing, jobs and support. So far they have taken in around 28 families.
Frima, 26, just arrived in Muncie with her 2-year-old son. Her life was in danger because she worked at a family-focused non-profit—which was strictly forbidden then. She left her husband behind, not knowing when they would meet again. But thanks to Bahrami, the young mother is hopeful for the future. “In Afghanistan, and in many other countries, women have suffered. It’s time for the world to recognize the values of women,” Bahrami said. “I feel that sometimes women are disadvantaged and not respected in societies and those things hurt my heart. We have our rights and this should be appreciated.”
4. How did Bahrami feel after hearing her father’s words
A. Calm and speechless. B. Excited and hopeful.
C. Surprised and upset. D. Confused and regretful.
5. Why did Bahrami set up AWAKEN
A. To increase job opportunities. B. To provide childcare for refugees.
C. To help girls receive an education. D. To help refugees move to America.
6. How has the project MARRC affected Frima
A. She has found a job at a non-profit. B. She has been positive about her life.
C. She has gained a sense of achievement. D. She has been reunited with her husband.
7. What did Bahrami intend to communicate in the last paragraph
A. Women should be treated fairly. B. Women make a difference in society.
C. Women can be role models in society. D. Women in Afghanistan suffer the most
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Bahrami经历了阿富汗战乱后，创立“阿富汗妇女和儿童教育和必需品”项目帮助女孩接受教育以及MARRC项目帮助难民改善生活，并呼吁公平对待女性。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Bahrami, only a teenager at the time, remembers being in a state of shock. “We just put our shoes on and we were all crying. We didn’t want to leave home. We didn’t know where we were going to end up,” Bahrami said.(当时只有十几岁的Bahrami还记得当时的震惊。“我们只是穿上鞋子，我们都哭了。我们不想离开家。我们不知道我们会在哪里结束，”Bahrami说。)”可知，听到父亲的话后，Bahrami感到惊讶和不安。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的““I had day care for my children, and I could still study and go to school. I was so inspired by the opportunity. And I say I want to do this for the girls who are left behind,” she said. Hence Afghan Women’s And Kids’ Education & Necessities (AWAKEN) was founded. (“我的孩子有日托服务，我仍然可以学习和上学。这个机会让我很受鼓舞。我说，我想为那些被遗忘的女孩做这件事。”因此，阿富汗妇女和儿童教育和必需品项目(AWAKEN)成立了。第一个项目是建立一所男孩和女孩都能上学的学校。“我觉得女孩的教育非常重要。他们可以教育自己的孩子，然后教育社会，”她继续说道。) ”可知，Bahrami设立这个项目是为了帮助女孩接受教育。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But thanks to Bahrami, the young mother is hopeful for the future. (但多亏了Bahrami，这位年轻的母亲对未来充满了希望。)”可知，Frima对自己的生活充满乐观。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It’s time for the world to recognize the values of women,” Bahrami said. “I feel that sometimes women are disadvantaged and not respected in societies and those things hurt my heart. We have our rights and this should be appreciated.”(他说：“在阿富汗和许多其他国家，妇女遭受苦难。是时候让世界认识到女性的价值了。”“我觉得有时女性在社会中处于不利地位，不受尊重，这些事情让我很伤心。我们有自己的权利，这一点应该得到重视。”)”可知，Bahrami想表达的是妇女应该得到公平对待。故选A。
C
Even before Molly Johnson-Jones graduated from Oxford University in 2015, she felt professional pressure to land a “prestigious (享有声望的)” job in a high-powered industry. She says she and her university friends felt there were professions that carried prestige—particularly the fields of finance, medicine and law. That’s why Johnson-Jones ended up in investment banking for two years once she graduated, even though it didn’t feel like quite the right fit.
These kinds of “very traditional industries” have indeed carried prestige, says Jonah Stillman, co-founder of GenGuru, a firm that focuses on different generations in the workplace. As Gen Z joins the workforce, however, experts and younger workers say what’s considered a “prestigious” job may be expanding. Some younger workers do still report making money is prestigious, especially as cost of living shoots up; and working for certain firms or in specific industries can make a career. But many also place equal stress on other elements, such as values of the company, flexibility, and freedom from long, intense work hours.
And some data indicates that Gen Z are indeed turning to more meaningful work. April 2023 data from LinkedIn of more than 7,000 global workers shows 64% of Gen Zers in the UK, Germany and Ireland now consider it important to work for companies that share their values. The data also shows these young workers highlight work-life balance and career growth as top draws for potential workplaces.
This change in Gen Z’s attitude towards work may be in part because mechanisms (机制) behind finding jobs and seeing other possible career paths are changing, says Josh Graff, managing director of EMEA and LATAM at LinkedIn. With a greater number of jobs being posted online, “people have so much more access to information today than we did when we were applying for a job 20-plus years ago … This allows you to have much better visibility into a wealth of roles,” he says. “That change in the workplace, in the workforce … is leading people to understand there’s a wider range of options out there.”
8. Why did Johnson-Jones end up in investment banking
A. She had a passion for finance. B. She wanted to make a lot of money.
C. She found herself well suited for the career. D. She felt pressure to take up a highly-regarded job.
9. What is the main point of paragraph 2
A. Making money is still the main concern of younger workers.
B. Gen Zers are not interested in traditional “prestigious” jobs.
C. The definition of a “prestigious” job is changing for younger workers.
D. Short-time work is still considered prestigious for younger workers.
10. What do most Gen Zers in the UK, Germany and Ireland consider important when it comes to work
A. Whether they can have a good job title.
B. Whether they can receive a good salary.
C. Whether companies’ values are in line with theirs.
D. Whether they have enough opportunities to socialize.
11. What may be contributing to the change in Gen Z’s attitude towards work
A. The changing job search methods.
B. A lack of high-paying jobs in traditional industries.
C. A growing stress on companies’ social responsibility.
D. Increased access to information about potential career paths.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了年轻人如今对于拥有声望传统行业的看法以及一些数据表明，Z世代确实在转向更有意义的工作。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“She says she and her university friends felt there were professions that carried prestige—particularly the fields of finance, medicine and law. That’s why Johnson-Jones ended up in investment banking for two years once she graduated, even though it didn’t feel like quite the right fit.(她说，她和她的大学朋友们觉得有些职业是有声望的，尤其是金融、医药和法律领域。这就是为什么约翰逊-琼斯毕业后在投资银行工作了两年，尽管她觉得自己并不适合这份工作)”可知，约翰逊-琼斯结束了投资银行业的工作是因为她觉得接受一份有声望的工作很有压力。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“These kinds of “very traditional industries” have indeed carried prestige, says Jonah Stillman, co-founder of GenGuru, a firm that focuses on different generations in the workplace. As Gen Z joins the workforce, however, experts and younger workers say what’s considered a “prestigious” job may be expanding. Some younger workers do still report making money is prestigious, especially as cost of living shoots up; and working for certain firms or in specific industries can make a career. But many also place equal stress on other elements, such as values of the company, flexibility, and freedom from long, intense work hours.(GenGuru的联合创始人乔纳 斯蒂尔曼表示，这些“非常传统的行业”确实拥有声望。GenGuru是一家专注于职场中不同年龄群体的公司。然而，随着Z世代加入职场，专家和年轻员工表示，被认为是“有声望”的工作可能会扩大。一些年轻的员工仍然认为赚钱是一种荣耀，尤其是在生活成本飙升的情况下；在特定的公司或特定的行业工作可以成为一种职业。但许多人也同样重视其他因素，比如公司的价值观、灵活性，以及摆脱长时间高强度工作的自由)”可知，第二段的要点是对年轻员工来说，“有声望的”工作的定义正在发生变化。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“April 2023 data from LinkedIn of more than 7,000 global workers shows 64% of Gen Zers in the UK, Germany and Ireland now consider it important to work for companies that share their values.(2023年4月，领英对全球7000多名员工的调查数据显示，在英国、德国和爱尔兰，64%的z世代员工现在认为为与自己价值观相同的公司工作很重要)”可知，在英国、德国和爱尔兰，大多数Z世代认为工作中最重要的是公司的价值观是否与他们一致。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“With a greater number of jobs being posted online, “people have so much more access to information today than we did when we were applying for a job 20-plus years ago … This allows you to have much better visibility into a wealth of roles,” he says. “That change in the workplace, in the workforce … is leading people to understand there’s a wider range of options out there.”(他说，随着越来越多的职位在网上发布，“与20多年前我们求职时相比，如今人们获得信息的渠道要多得多……这让你能够更好地了解大量的职位。工作场所和劳动力的变化……让人们意识到，有更广泛的选择。”)”可知，获取潜在职业道路信息的渠道增加导致了Z世代对工作态度的改变。故选D。
D
Being able to resist hurricane-force winds is the key to an extended life for many buildings on the Eastern Seaboard and Gulf Coast of the US. Determining the right level of winds to design for is difficult, but support from artificial intelligence (AI) may offer a simple solution.
Equipped with 100 years of hurricane data and modern AI techniques, researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have created a new method of digitally simulating (模拟) hurricanes. State and local laws related to building design and construction point designers to standardized maps. On these maps, engineers can find the level of wind their structure must be able to deal with based on its location and its relative importance. The wind speeds in the maps came from scores of hypothetical (假定的) hurricanes simulated by computer models. “The simulated storms, if they behave like real hurricanes, can be used to create the data in the maps almost directly,” a researcher said.
In the research, the study material came in the form of the National Hurricane Center’s Atlantic Hurricane Database 2 (HURDAT2), which contains information about hurricanes going back more than 100 years.
The researchers split data on more than 1,500 storms into sets for training and testing their model. When challenged to simulate both the path and speed of historical storms it had not seen before, the model scored highly. The researchers also used the model to generate sets of 100 years’ worth of hypothetical storms. It produced the simulations in a matter of seconds, and the researchers saw a large degree of overlap (重叠 ) with the general behavior of the HURDAT2 storms, suggesting that their model could rapidly produce collections of realistic storms.
Since the model’s understanding of storms is confined to historical data for now, it cannot simulate the effects that climate change will have on storms of the future. However, the researchers believe that wind maps based on their model would better reflect reality. They also suggest that simulating as many realistic hurricanes as possible with the new approach can help develop improved guidelines for designing buildings in regions often attacked by hurricanes.
12. How can the new method help extend the life of many buildings
A. By correctly predicting future hurricane patterns.
B. By recommending proper building materials to designers.
C. By providing accurate wind speed information for designers.
D. By gathering data on different kinds of weather conditions.
13. What did researchers use their model to do
A. Find out the regularity of hurricanes.
B Add historical hurricane data to HURDAT2.
C. Examine the effect of hurricanes on climate change.
D. Test the possibility of using AI to produce realistic storms.
14. Which of the following can replace the underlined part “confined to” in the last paragraph
A. applied to B. attached to C. limited to D. compared to
15. How do the researchers feel about the model
A. Confident. B. Worried. C. Doubtful. D. Disappointed.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了研究人员利用人工智能和历史飓风数据创造了新的数字模拟方法，有助于改进建筑设计指南，提供更准确的风速信息来延长建筑物的使用寿命。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Being able to resist hurricane-force winds is the key to an extended life for many buildings on the Eastern Seaboard and Gulf Coast of the US. Determining the right level of winds to design for is difficult, but support from artificial intelligence (AI) may offer a simple solution.(能够抵御飓风强度的风是延长美国东海岸和墨西哥湾沿岸许多建筑使用寿命的关键。很难确定正确的设计风力水平，但人工智能的支持可能会提供一个简单的解决方案。)”可知，人工智能通过为设计者提供准确的风速信息来帮助延长许多建筑物的使用寿命。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The researchers also used the model to generate sets of 100 years’ worth of hypothetical storms. It produced the simulations in a matter of seconds, and the researchers saw a large degree of overlap with the general behavior of the HURDAT2 storms, suggesting that their model could rapidly produce collections of realistic storms.(研究人员还使用该模型生成了一组100年的假设风暴。它在几秒钟内完成了模拟，研究人员看到了很大程度的重叠， 这表明他们的模型可以快速生成真实风暴的集合。) ”可知，研究人员使用该模型是为了测试使用人工智能生成逼真风暴的可能性。故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Since the model’s understanding of storms is confined to historical data for now, it cannot simulate the effects that climate change will have on storms of the future. (由于该模型对风暴的理解目前……历史数据，因此无法模拟气候变化对未来风暴的影响。)”可知，该模型无法模拟气候变化对未来风暴的影响，说明它目前还限于根据历史已有数据做出判断，而无法预测未来，因此“limited to”可以解释划线短语，意为“限于”。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However, the researchers believe that wind maps based on their model would better reflect reality. They also suggest that simulating as many realistic hurricanes as possible with the new approach can help develop improved guidelines for designing buildings in regions often attacked by hurricanes.(然而，研究人员认为，基于他们模型的风图会更好地反映现实。他们还建议，用新方法模拟尽可能多的真实飓风，有助于为经常遭受飓风袭击的地区制定更好的建筑设计指南。)”可知，研究人员对该模型充满信心。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Adults generally dislike getting older. ___16___ It’s no surprise, then, that many kids look forward to their birthdays, especially the 16th birthday. For girls in America, a “Sweet 16” birthday is an important rite (仪式) of passage that celebrates approaching adulthood.
In the United States, the 16th birthday is a mark that a girl has come of age. She is not a legal adult yet, but at 16, many girls can begin to learn to drive. ___17___ For many youths, the 16th birthday is a celebration of womanhood and marks the end of the girl’s childhood.
Society and media often put great importance on a girl’s 16th birthday. ___18___ Both of them have great personal importance. They think of their 16th birthdays like women think of their weddings.
___19___ The event can be held in a garden, a park or somewhere else. Often, a girl has been planning her 16th birthday party for long and has a very specific idea about what she wants and who she wants to invite. As long as she doesn’t waste money, letting a girl plan her 16th birthday is a great way to let her creativity and personality shine.
There are many theories about how the sweet 16th birthday came into being. Most connect the birthday celebration with the Mexican Quinceanera, which takes place on a girl’s 15th birthday, or European ancient coming-of-age celebrations. ___20___
A. She is still just a little kid.
B. Many parties show a girl’s interest.
C. However, kids find “growing up” exciting.
D. The big part of a sweet 16th birthday is the party.
E. They can get jobs and take other adult responsibilities.
F. No matter where the celebration began, it has become a tradition.
G. Many movies show girls’ 16th birthdays are just as important as graduations.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了美国女孩16岁生日的重要性，为此要举行派对庆祝活动。
【16题详解】
根据上文的“Adults generally dislike getting older. (成年人通常不喜欢变老。)”和下文的“It’s no surprise, then, that many kids look forward to their birthdays, especially the 16th birthday. For girls in America, a “Sweet 16” birthday is an important rite of passage that celebrates approaching adulthood. (因此，许多孩子期待他们的生日，尤其是16岁的生日，这并不奇怪。对于美国女孩来说，“甜蜜的16岁”生日是庆祝成年的重要仪式。)”可知，C项(然而，孩子们发现“成长”是令人兴奋的。)与上文构成转折关系，说明了成人和孩子在面对生日时不同的态度和反应，下文指出了孩子是因为盼望成人才期待生日的到来。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据上文的“In the United States, the 16th birthday is a mark that a girl has come of age. She is not a legal adult yet, but at 16, many girls can begin to learn to drive. (在美国，16岁生日是女孩成年的标志。她还不是法定的成年人，但到了16岁，许多女孩就可以开始学开车了。)”和下文的“For many youths, the 16th birthday is a celebration of womanhood and marks the end of the girl’s childhood. (对许多年轻人来说，16岁生日是对女性的庆祝，标志着女孩童年的结束。)”可知，E项(他们可以找到工作，承担其他成人的责任。)承接上文，进一步说明了女孩达到16岁后可以做的事情，看得出孩子是盼望的，下文的信息体现出了这一点。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文的“Society and media often put great importance on a girl’s 16th birthday. (社会和媒体通常非常重视女孩的16岁生日。)”和下文的“Both of them have great personal importance. They think of their 16th birthdays like women think of their weddings. (两者都具有重要的个人意义。他们想到16岁生日就像女人想到自己的婚礼一样。)”可知，G项(许多电影显示，女孩的16岁生日和毕业一样重要。)承接上文，举例说明了女孩的16岁生日的重要性，以支持段首句的说法，下文的两者指的是该项提到的“生日和毕业”。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据下文的“The event can be held in a garden, a park or somewhere else. Often, a girl has been planning her 16th birthday party for long and has a very specific idea about what she wants and who she wants to invite. As long as she doesn’t waste money, letting a girl plan her 16th birthday is a great way to let her creativity and personality shine. (活动可以在花园、公园或其他地方举行。通常，一个女孩已经为她的16岁生日派对计划了很长时间，并且对于她想要什么和她想邀请谁有一个非常具体的想法。只要她不浪费钱，让一个女孩计划她的16岁生日是一个让她的创造力和个性发光的好方法。)”可知，D项(一个甜蜜的16岁生日最重要的部分就是派对。)能够作为话题句，引出下文对于生日派对重要性的说明。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据上文的“There are many theories about how the sweet 16th birthday came into being. Most connect the birthday celebration with the Mexican Quinceanera, which takes place on a girl’s 15th birthday, or European ancient coming-of-age celebrations. (关于甜蜜的16岁生日是如何产生的，有很多理论。大多数人将生日庆祝活动与墨西哥的成人礼(在女孩的15岁生日举行)或欧洲古代的成年庆祝活动联系在一起。)”可知，F项(无论庆祝活动起源于哪里，它都已成为一种传统。)承接上文，指出上文提到的生日庆祝活动的起源地虽然不能准确予以确认，但已经传承下来。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When family members shared stories of Hody during his funeral, they were in for a surprise. They learned a ___21___ he’d kept for years and saw just how ___22___ he was, not only to them but to their whole town.
The family learned that Hody had been ___23___ money to Geraldine Drugs for anyone who actually needed help in paying for their ___24___ . “He started making donations ___25___ about seven or eight years ago and ___26___ anonymous (匿名的),” Brooke Walker, the pharmacy (药店) owner, said.
Over time the fund grew to thousands of dollars, and thus there was enough money to help two people per month who lacked insurance to ___27___ their prescriptions. In late 2022, Hody’s health changed due to his fight with health problems. He sensed he was approaching the ___28___ of his days here. With it becoming tougher to get around, he needed someone to ___29___ his mission of delivering his $100 bill to Geraldine Drugs. He passed the ___30___ on to his daughter Tania. Tania told Brooke that she was ___31___ of his actions all this time, saying, “I was ___32___ —I had no idea that he was helping people at the drug store.”
Hody died on New Year’s Day, 2023. The 80-year-old’s kind heart definitely ___33___ many people in his community. Brooke said that many people he’d helped often ___34___ to pay it forward for someone else. They even offered to put money back into the fund. The spirit of ___35___ continued.
21. A. lesson B. belief C. journal D. secret
22. A. humorous B. special C. rude D. mean
23. A. donating B. adding C. awarding D. lending
24. A. services B. meals C. medicines D. tickets
25. A. daily B. monthly C. weekly D. yearly
26. A. appeared B. proved C. remained D. became
27. A. cover B. check C. switch D. receive
28. A. rest B. top C. beginning D. end
29. A. set up B. kick off C. take over D. carry out
30. A. bill B. task C. tradition D. message
31. A. afraid B. sure C. tired D. unaware
32. A. shocked B. frightened C. ashamed D. annoyed
33. A. comforted B. attracted C. blessed D. entertained
34. A. promised B. returned C. refused D. pretended
35. A. creating B. learning C. trying D. giving
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Hody生前一直默默地向Geraldine药店捐款帮助那些需要支付药费的人，这些人会将他的爱继续传承下去的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道了他保守了多年的秘密，也看到了他是多么的特别，不仅对他们，而且对整个小镇。A. lesson课程；B. belief信念；C. journal日记；D. secret秘密。根据上文的“ When family members shared stories of Hody during his funeral, they were in for a surprise.”可知，家人在Hody的葬礼上感到很惊讶，说明它们才了解到Hody保守多年的秘密，根据下文的“He started making donations...about seven or eight years ago and...anonymous”可知，这个秘密就是Hody秘密捐款的事情。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道了他保守了多年的秘密，也看到了他是多么的特别，不仅对他们而言，而且对整个小镇来说也一样。A. humorous幽默的；B. special特别的；C. rude粗鲁的；D. mean刻薄的。根据上文的“When family members shared stories of Hody during his funeral, they were in for a surprise.”和下文的“He started making donations...about seven or eight years ago and...anonymous”可知，家人在了解到Hody秘密捐款的事情后，会感觉到很惊讶，认为Hody是一个很特别的人。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人了解到，Hody一直在向Geraldine Drugs药店捐款，帮助那些真正需要帮助的人支付药费。A. donating捐赠；B. adding添加；C. awarding授予奖励；D. lending借出。根据下文的“He started making donations”可知，Hody一直在向Geraldine Drugs药店捐款。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人了解到，Hody一直在向Geraldine Drugs药店捐款，帮助那些真正需要帮助的人支付药费。A. services服务；B. meals餐点；C. medicines药品；D. tickets票。根据本句中的“The family learned that Hody had been...money to Geraldine Drugs”可知，Hody是向Geraldine Drugs药店捐的款，说明他是在帮助有需要的人支付药费。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：药店的老板Brooke Walker说：“他从七八年前开始每月捐款，一直保持匿名”。A. daily每日；B. monthly每月；C. weekly每周；D. yearly每年。根据下文的“Over time the fund grew to thousands of dollars, and thus there was enough money to help two people per month”可知，Hody每个月都在向Geraldine Drugs药店捐款。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：药店的老板Brooke Walker说：“他从七八年前开始每月捐款，一直保持匿名”。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. remained保持；D. became变成。根据上文的“They learned a...he’d kept for years”和“The family learned that Hody had been...money to Geraldine Drugs for anyone who actually needed help in paying for their medicines.”可知，家人是在葬礼上听说了Hody向Geraldine Drugs药店捐款帮助有需要的人支付药费，因此他在活着的时候一直保守着秘密，因此捐款的时候他是保持匿名的。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，基金增长到数千美元，因此每个月有足够的钱帮助两个没有保险的人支付他们的处方。A. cover覆盖，支付；B. check检查；C. switch转换；D. receive接收。根据上文的“The family learned that Hody had been...money to Geraldine Drugs for anyone who actually needed help in paying for their...”可知，Hody向Geraldine Drugs药店捐款帮助有需要的人支付药费，“pay for”是提示。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感到此时自己的日子就要到头了。A. rest休息；B. top顶部；C. beginning开始；D. end结束。根据下文的“With it becoming tougher to get around”可知，Hody觉得自己的生命要走到尽头了。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着出行变得越来越困难，他需要有人接替他的任务，把他的100美元钞票送到Geraldine Drugs药店。A. set up建立；B. kick off开始；C. take over接管；D. carry out执行。根据本句中的“With it becoming tougher to get around”可知，Hody觉得自己的生命要走到尽头了，因此他需要有人来接管他捐款的任务。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把这项任务交给了他的女儿Tania。A. bill账单；B. task任务； C. tradition传统；D. message消息。根据上文的“he needed someone to...his mission of delivering his $100 bill to Geraldine Drugs”可知，Hody需要有人来接管他捐款的任务， mission是提示词。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tania告诉Brooke，她一直都没有意识到他的行为，她说：“我很震惊——我不知道他在药店帮助别人”。A. afraid害怕的；B. sure确信的；C. tired疲倦的；D. unaware不知情的。根据下文的“I had no idea that he was helping people at the drug store.”可知，女儿并不知道父亲一直在帮助别人。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tania告诉Brooke，她一直都没有意识到他的行为，她说：“我很震惊——我不知道他在药店帮助别人”。A. shocked震惊的；B. frightened害怕的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. annoyed恼火的。根据本句中的“I had no idea that he was helping people at the drug store.”可知，Tania此前并不知道父亲捐款的事情，因此知道以后会很震惊。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位80岁老人的善良之心无疑给他所在社区的许多人带来了幸福。A. comforted安慰；B. attracted吸引；C. blessed祝福，拥有……而感到幸福；D. entertained招待。根据下文的“They even offered to put money back into the fund.”可知，社区的许多人为拥有Hody而感到幸福。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brooke说，他帮助过的很多人经常会回来帮助别人。A. promised承诺；B. returned返回；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据下文的“They even offered to put money back into the fund.”可知，Hody帮助过的人会回来传递他的那份爱心。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：奉献精神仍在继续。A. creating创造；B. learning学习；C. trying尝试；D. giving给予，奉献。根据下文的“Brooke said that many people he’d helped often...to pay it forward for someone else. They even offered to put money back into the fund.”可知，Hody无偿帮助他人的做法得到了传承，这种奉献精神一直在传递下去。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Born in 1946 in New York, Claudia Goldin, professor at Harvard University, ___36___ (award) the Nobel Prize in economics for her work on women in the labor market in October, 2023. She found that women generally receive a ___37___ (low) pay than men. She looked at over 200 years of US data, ___38___ showed that much of the gender pay gap could ___39___ (historic) be explained by differences in education and jobs.
Female participation in the labor market follows ___40___ U-shaped form over the whole period, and the participation of ___41___ (marry) women decreased when society changed from farming to industry in the early 19th century, but then started to increase with the ___42___ (grow) of the service industry in the early 20th century, her research has shown.
“It is obvious that understanding women’s role in the labor market is important for society. Thanks to Goldin’s research, we are now equipped ___43___ a deeper understanding of the factors contributing to the gender pay gap ___44___ which challenges may need ___45___ (address) in the future,” Jakob Svensson, chair of the Committee for the Prize in Economic Sciences, said in a statement.
【答案】36. was awarded
37. lower 38. which
39 historically
40. a 41. married
42. growth 43. with
44. and 45. addressing##to be addressed
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Claudia Goldin因研究女性劳动力市场而获得2023年诺贝尔经济学奖，发现女性普遍薪资低，工资差距主要由教育和工作领域差异造成。她的研究揭示了女性劳动参与的历史趋势，对未来挑战提供了洞察。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：1946年出生于纽约的哈佛大学教授Claudia Goldin因对劳动力市场中女性的研究，于2023年10月获得诺贝尔经济学奖。根据“in October, 2023”及“Claudia Goldin”承受谓语动词award的动作可知，此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“Claudia Goldin”为单数意义，故填was awarded。
【37题详解】
考查比较级。句意：她发现女性的工资普遍低于男性。根据“than”可知，形容词low使用比较级，故填lower。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她研究了美国200多年的数据，结果表明，从历史上看，性别收入差距在很大程度上可以用教育和工作的差异来解释。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词data，在从句中作主语，指物，因此使用which引导定语从句，故填which。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：她研究了美国200多年的数据，结果表明，从历史上看，性别收入差距在很大程度上可以用教育和工作的差异来解释。使用副词作状语修饰动词“be explained”，需要的词义为“从历史上看”，为historically，故填historically。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她的研究表明，女性在整个时期的劳动市场参与度呈U型曲线，19世纪初，当社会从农业转向工业时，已婚女性的参与度有所下降，但在20世纪初，随着服务业的发展，已婚女性的参与度开始上升。form为可数名词，U-shaped是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她的研究表明，女性在整个时期的劳动市场参与度呈U型曲线，19世纪初，当社会从农业转向工业时，已婚女性的参与度有所下降，但在20世纪初，随着服务业的发展，已婚女性的参与度开始上升。需填入形容词作定语修饰women，需要的词义为“已婚的”，即married，故填married。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：她的研究表明，女性在整个时期的劳动市场参与度呈U型曲线，19世纪初，当社会从农业转向工业时，已婚女性的参与度有所下降，但在20世纪初，随着服务业的发展，已婚女性的参与度开始上升。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“发展”，即growth，它为不可数名词，故填growth。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：经济科学奖委员会主席Jakob Svensson在一份声明中说：“多亏了Goldin的研究，我们现在对造成性别收入差距的因素以及未来可能需要解决的挑战有了更深入的了解”。固定短语“be equipped with”意为“配备有……，装有……”，故填with。
【44题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：经济科学奖委员会主席Jakob Svensson在一份声明中说：“多亏了Goldin的研究，我们现在对造成性别收入差距的因素以及未来可能需要解决的挑战有了更深入的了解”。分析句子结构可知，“the factors contributing to the gender pay gap”和“which challenges may need...(address) in the future”为并列关系，则使用并列连词and连接，故填and。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：经济科学奖委员会主席Jakob Svensson在一份声明中说：“多亏了Goldin的研究，我们现在对造成性别收入差距的因素以及未来可能需要解决的挑战有了更深入的了解”。“challenges”和“address(解决)”为被动关系，则动词need后接“doing”或“to be done”作宾语，故填addressing或to be addressed。
第四部分 写作（共三节满分45分）
第一节 完成句子（范围：选必3单元2到选必3单元4，每空一词，每题1分，共5题，满分5分）
46. 最近的研究使人们对这种疾病的起因有了新的了解。
Recent research has __________ __________ __________ __________ the causes of the disease.
【答案】 ①. cast ②. new ③. light ④. on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，表示“对……有了解”应为固定短语cast light on…，表示“新的”应为new修饰名词light，所以，表示“对……有了新的了解”应为cast new light on…，空前有助动词has，所以cast应使用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。故填①cast；②new；③light；④on。
47. 在九十年代，学生都渴望听到他的演讲。
In the 90s, the students all __________ __________ hear him speak.
【答案】 ①. longed ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时和动词短语。“渴望做某事”为“long to do”，根据“In the 90s”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式。故填①longed ②to。
48. 考虑到交通阻塞，到那里大约需要一小时。
It will take about an hour to get there, __________ __________ traffic delays.
【答案】 ①. allowing ②. for
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。“考虑到”为“allow for”，分析句子结构可知，它在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，应使用现在分词形式构成独立成分，作状语，即“allowing for”，故填①allowing ②for。
49. 他不顾危险地爬上了高塔。
__________ __________ the danger, he climbed the tall tower.
【答案】 ①. Regardless ②. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。“不顾”为“regardless of”，“the danger”作其宾语，空格位于句首，首字母大写。故填①Regardless ②of。
50. 该计划将送交委员会正式批准。
The plan will be __________ __________ the committee for official approval.
【答案】 ①. submitted ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态和固定短语。“将……提交给……”为“submit...to...”，“plan”与“submit”为被动关系，由“will be”可知，谓语动词使用一般将来时的被动语态，即“will be done”，故填①submitted ②to。
第二节（满分15分）
51. 假定你校英语社团正在进行征文比赛活动，主题是“学习历史人物，弘扬民族精神”。请你根据一位中国历史人物的事迹，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.人物事迹简介；
2.给我们树立的榜样。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.题目自拟。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Lin Zexu: A hero who stopped opium
The historical figure I’d like to introduce is Lin Zexu.
Born in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, Lin is famous as a politician and thinker. Having realized the damage opium brought to the Qing Dynasty and its people, Lin made up his mind to say no to opium and carried out the destruction of it, saving both money and people’s lives for the then government.
To sum up, Lin has set a typical example for us to follow to make contributions to our country.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据一位中国历史人物的事迹，写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
著名的：famous→noted
决心做：make up one’s mind to do→decide to do
实施：carry out→conduct
总之：to sum up→in short
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：To sum up, Lin has set a typical example for us to follow to make contributions to our country.
拓展句：To sum up, it is Lin who has set a typical example for us to follow to make contributions to our country.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Having realized the damage opium brought to the Qing Dynasty and its people, Lin made up his mind to say no to opium and carried out the destruction of it, saving both money and people’s lives for the then government. (运用了现在分词的完成式Having realized作原因状语、省略关系代词that/which的定语从句修饰先行词damage以及现在分词saving作结果状语)
[高分句型2] To sum up, Lin has set a typical example for us to follow to make contributions to our country. (运用了不定式to follow作定语以及不定式to make contributions作目的状语)
第三节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Jenny was in high school, she took a part-time job at a grocery store near the school. She was smart and nice while the boss Elsie and other workers there were friendly. As a result, Jenny made friends with them. After Jenny graduated, she gave up her part-time job, said goodbye to her friends, and went to a city far away to go to college, not knowing these friends would do her a big favor in the future.
Months later after Jenny was in college, the Christmas holiday approached. She applied herself to the final exams. Jenny’s eyes were aching from lack of sleep. She tried to rub(擦) the tiredness from her eyes, but failed. So she stood and stretched and looked through the window to watch the first snow of the season.
As she stared out of the window of her dorm, memories of once happily staying with her family members for the holiday hit her mind.
Feeling sad, Jenny sat back down at her desk and tried to focus on her studies. In just seven more days, the final exams would be over and all the students in the freshman college dorm would be going home except her. She would be moving temporarily to another dorm for the
Christmas break. Instead of enjoying homemade pies, cookies and roast turkey together with her family, Jenny would be eating alone in the school dining hall. It was not a prospect she looked forward to.
Jenny had no choice. She was a student from Pennsylvania attending college in Utah and her family of ten couldn’t afford to pay for her ticket home. She was able to attend college because of the several scholarships she had got.
Unable to focus her mind, Jenny stared back at the white snow dancing in the air. This would be her first Christmas away from home.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jenny was so sad that tears began welling up in her eyes.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Before long, Elsie and her workers bought Jenny a ticket home.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Jenny was so sad that tears began welling up in her eyes. She dried the tears and tried to block out the Christmas music that filled the entire hallway, not recalling her previous happy holiday. Suddenly, the phone rang, breaking up her moment of self-pity. She reached over and picked it up. “Hello ” “Hi, Jenny. This is Elsie.” Elsie greeted Jenny and asked when she would come back home on the phone. After hanging up, Elsie felt heart-broken. She immediately gathered her workers and told the bad news.
Before long, Elsie and her workers bought Jenny a ticket home. When knowing it Jenny was so amazed and shouted, “I’m going home! I’m going home!” She jumped up and down for joy. She began happily preparing for the final exams. On Christmas morning, she was awoken early by laughter. The smell of the holiday food and being able to stay with her family filled her with gratitude and love. The kindness of some special friends helped her, a lonely freshman, to have the best Christmas ever.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了圣诞节临近，Jenny因家境贫困买不起车票，不能和家人一起过节。她情绪低落，无法集中精力复习功课。Jenny做兼职的老板Elsie得知此事后帮助Jenny买了回家的票。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“珍妮非常伤心，眼泪开始在她的眼睛里打转。”可知，第一段可描写Jenny因不能回家而感到悲伤以及Elsie得知了Jenny没钱买票回家的事。
②由第二段首句内容“不久，Elsie和她的工人们给Jenny买了一张回家的车票。”可知，第二段可描写Jenny在得知她们给自己买了回家的票后很高兴，并对此很感激。
2.续写线索：伤心——回忆以前美好的节日——Elsie得知Jenny没有钱买票回家——老板和工人给她买了一张票——高兴——感悟
3.词汇激活行类
①回想：recall/think back
②回家：come back home/return home
③帮助某人：help sb./do sb. a favor
情绪类
①惊讶的：amazed/surprised
②高兴：joy/happiness
【点睛】[高分句型1] She dried the tears and tried to block out the Christmas music that filled the entire hallway, not recalling her previous happy holiday. （由that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]Elsie greeted Jenny and asked when she would come back home on the phone. （由when引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]When knowing it Jenny was so amazed and shouted, “I’m going home! I’m going home!” （when引导的时间状语从句的省略）
听力 1—5 BCABA 6—10 CABAB 11—15 BCCBA 16—20 ACBAC2023—2024学年度高二下学期期中检测卷
英语
（试卷满分：150 分 考试时间：120 分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What has the man lost
A. A coat. B. A button. C. A wallet.
2. Which kind of skill does the man want to practice
A. Writing. B. Reading. C. Speaking.
3. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Use online tools. B. Admit his mistake. C. Create a new character.
4. What are the speakers going to do
A. Repair their house. B. Go on vacation. C. Buy a camera.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A meeting. B. An email. C. A phone.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. On a farm. B. By a river. C. In a restaurant.
7 What will the woman probably do next
A. Drink something. B. Feed the chickens. C. Pick some vegetables.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman like learning in a classroom
A. She likes talking with her fellow students.
B. She can see things written on the blackboard.
C. She enjoys asking her teacher questions in person.
9. What do we know about the man
A. He keeps cats. B. He is a teacher. C. He has poor eyesight.
10. What subject does Mrs. Smith probably teach
A. Art. B. Math. C. Computer science.
听第8段材料，回答第11全13题.
11. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Call the power company B. Wear more clothes. C. Search for a job.
12. How much have the energy prices increased
A. By 15%. B. By 20%. C. By 50%.
13. How does the woman feel at the end of the conversation
A. Angry. B. Helpless. C. Thankful.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relat onship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Co-workers. C. Strangers.
15. Why is the man looking for Matt
A. To review fire safety rules. B. To go over a report. C. To go for coffee.
16. What time is it now
A. 1:00 p. m. B. 5:00 p. m. C. 6:00 p. m.
17. Which stairs are the nearest to the speakers in the building
A. The ones in the south. B. The ones in the west. C. The ones in the east.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker probably doing
A. Accepting an award.
B. Giving a retirement speech.
C. Making a wedding announcement.
19. Where will the party take place
A. At a hotel. B. On a beach. C. In a garden.
20. What does the speaker plan to do
A. Buy a new house. B. Move to a different city. C. Create art with his wife.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What’s on
Genuine words
Art Critique at the Art Museum of the Beijing Fine Art Academy is a unique show that puts the works of resident painters and the critiques (评论) of scholars (学者) together. The painters are from the academy’s four workshops on oil painting and three types of Chinese paintings — mountain and water, flower and bird, and figure.
9 am-5 pm, closed on Mondays. 12 Chaoyang Park Nanlu, Chaoyang district, Beijing.
Small landscapes
Wandering on the Earth is a show of landscapes from the collection of the National Art Museum of China, which includes many attractive scenes from around the world. Running at the National Art Museum of China, the show awakens a feeling of woyou, an old term that refers to the journey taken in the mind upon appreciating a landscape painting.
9 am-5 pm, closed on Mondays. 1 Wusi Dajie, Dongcheng district, Beijing.
Galloping lines
The Tianjin Museum traces (追溯) the development of Chinese calligraphy during the Ming and Qing dynasties in a show of its collection from the period. Developing over thousands of years, calligraphy became an important part of Chinese art.
9 am–5 pm, closed on Mondays. 62 Pingjiang Dao, Hexi district, Tianjin.
Wandering strokes
In her paintings, Yu Lian tries to visualize (使形象化) Xiaoyao You, a text from Zhuangzi, a book about the thoughts of the Taoist philosopher Zhuangzi, who lived around the 4th century BC. Yu is always busy with painting, and she shares her works in her show, Painting Zhuangzi, at the Today Art Museum. She manages to explain Zhuangzi’s Taoist ideas in her paintings.
10 am-6 pm, closed on Mondays. 32 Baiziwan Lu, Chaoyang district, Beijing.
1. What is special about the show at 12 Chaoyang Park Nanlu
A. It shows comments about the paintings.
B. It lets people comment on the paintings.
C. It invites resident painters and scholars.
D. It shows three types of Chinese paintings.
2. Where can you enjoy paintings showing the beauty of foreign countries
A. At the Tianjin Museum.
B At the Today Art Museum.
C. At the National Art Museum of China.
D. At the Art Museum of the Beijing Fine Art Academy.
3. What does Yu Lian want to do through her paintings
A. Share her painting skills with other painters.
B. Show the importance of reading books.
C. Visualize the stories of famous books.
D. Show ideas of a Taoist philosopher.
B
It was the middle of the night when Bibi Bahrami’s father awoke her and the rest of the family, telling them they must leave their home immediately because her country, Afghanistan, was being invaded. Bahrami, only a teenager at the time, remembers being in a state of shock. “We just put our shoes on and we were all crying. We didn’t want to leave home. We didn’t know where we were going to end up,” Bahrami said.
The family spent the next six years living in a refugee (难民) camp in Pakistan. Life was hard, but Bahrami’s family made the most of it. They eventually made a sort of “mud house”. Much like life in Afghanistan, however, girls in the refugee camp did not attend formal school.
After getting married, Bahrami moved to the US, which provided Bahrami with a lot of experiences that wouldn’t be available to her back home. “I had day care for my children, and I could still study and go to school. I was so inspired by the opportunity. And I say I want to do this for the girls who are left behind,” she said. Hence Afghan Women’s And Kids’ Education & Necessities (AWAKEN) was founded. The first project was building a school that both boys and girls could attend. “I feel girls’ education is so important. They can educate their children and then society,” she continued.
In 2021, Bahrami started a new project MARRC, which helps Afghan refugees find housing, jobs and support. So far they have taken in around 28 families.
Frima, 26, just arrived in Muncie with her 2-year-old son. Her life was in danger because she worked at a family-focused non-profit—which was strictly forbidden then. She left her husband behind, not knowing when they would meet again. But thanks to Bahrami, the young mother is hopeful for the future. “In Afghanistan, and in many other countries, women have suffered. It’s time for the world to recognize the values of women,” Bahrami said. “I feel that sometimes women are disadvantaged and not respected in societies and those things hurt my heart. We have our rights and this should be appreciated.”
4. How did Bahrami feel after hearing her father’s words
A. Calm and speechless. B. Excited and hopeful.
C. Surprised and upset. D. Confused and regretful.
5. Why did Bahrami set up AWAKEN
A. To increase job opportunities. B. To provide childcare for refugees.
C. To help girls receive an education. D. To help refugees move to America.
6. How has the project MARRC affected Frima
A. She has found a job at a non-profit. B. She has been positive about her life.
C. She has gained a sense of achievement. D. She has been reunited with her husband.
7. What did Bahrami intend to communicate in the last paragraph
A Women should be treated fairly. B. Women make a difference in society.
C. Women can be role models in society. D. Women in Afghanistan suffer the most
C
Even before Molly Johnson-Jones graduated from Oxford University in 2015, she felt professional pressure to land a “prestigious (享有声望的)” job in a high-powered industry. She says she and her university friends felt there were professions that carried prestige—particularly the fields of finance, medicine and law. That’s why Johnson-Jones ended up in investment banking for two years once she graduated, even though it didn’t feel like quite the right fit.
These kinds of “very traditional industries” have indeed carried prestige, says Jonah Stillman, co-founder of GenGuru, a firm that focuses on different generations in the workplace. As Gen Z joins the workforce, however, experts and younger workers say what’s considered a “prestigious” job may be expanding. Some younger workers do still report making money is prestigious, especially as cost of living shoots up; and working for certain firms or in specific industries can make a career. But many also place equal stress on other elements, such as values of the company, flexibility, and freedom from long, intense work hours.
And some data indicates that Gen Z are indeed turning to more meaningful work. April 2023 data from LinkedIn of more than 7,000 global workers shows 64% of Gen Zers in the UK, Germany and Ireland now consider it important to work for companies that share their values. The data also shows these young workers highlight work-life balance and career growth as top draws for potential workplaces.
This change in Gen Z’s attitude towards work may be in part because mechanisms (机制) behind finding jobs and seeing other possible career paths are changing, says Josh Graff, managing director of EMEA and LATAM at LinkedIn. With a greater number of jobs being posted online, “people have so much more access to information today than we did when we were applying for a job 20-plus years ago … This allows you to have much better visibility into a wealth of roles,” he says. “That change in the workplace, in the workforce … is leading people to understand there’s a wider range of options out there.”
8. Why did Johnson-Jones end up in investment banking
A. She had a passion for finance. B. She wanted to make a lot of money.
C. She found herself well suited for the career. D. She felt pressure to take up a highly-regarded job.
9. What is the main point of paragraph 2
A. Making money is still the main concern of younger workers.
B. Gen Zers are not interested in traditional “prestigious” jobs.
C. The definition of a “prestigious” job is changing for younger workers.
D. Short-time work is still considered prestigious for younger workers.
10. What do most Gen Zers in the UK, Germany and Ireland consider important when it comes to work
A. Whether they can have a good job title.
B. Whether they can receive a good salary.
C. Whether companies’ values are in line with theirs.
D. Whether they have enough opportunities to socialize.
11. What may be contributing to the change in Gen Z’s attitude towards work
A. The changing job search methods.
B. A lack of high-paying jobs in traditional industries.
C. A growing stress on companies’ social responsibility.
D. Increased access to information about potential career paths.
D
Being able to resist hurricane-force winds is the key to an extended life for many buildings on the Eastern Seaboard and Gulf Coast of the US. Determining the right level of winds to design for is difficult, but support from artificial intelligence (AI) may offer a simple solution.
Equipped with 100 years of hurricane data and modern AI techniques, researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have created a new method of digitally simulating (模拟) hurricanes. State and local laws related to building design and construction point designers to standardized maps. On these maps, engineers can find the level of wind their structure must be able to deal with based on its location and its relative importance. The wind speeds in the maps came from scores of hypothetical (假定的) hurricanes simulated by computer models. “The simulated storms, if they behave like real hurricanes, can be used to create the data in the maps almost directly,” a researcher said.
In the research, the study material came in the form of the National Hurricane Center’s Atlantic Hurricane Database 2 (HURDAT2), which contains information about hurricanes going back more than 100 years.
The researchers split data on more than 1,500 storms into sets for training and testing their model. When challenged to simulate both the path and speed of historical storms it had not seen before, the model scored highly. The researchers also used the model to generate sets of 100 years’ worth of hypothetical storms. It produced the simulations in a matter of seconds, and the researchers saw a large degree of overlap (重叠 ) with the general behavior of the HURDAT2 storms, suggesting that their model could rapidly produce collections of realistic storms.
Since the model’s understanding of storms is confined to historical data for now, it cannot simulate the effects that climate change will have on storms of the future. However, the researchers believe that wind maps based on their model would better reflect reality. They also suggest that simulating as many realistic hurricanes as possible with the new approach can help develop improved guidelines for designing buildings in regions often attacked by hurricanes.
12. How can the new method help extend the life of many buildings
A. By correctly predicting future hurricane patterns.
B. By recommending proper building materials to designers.
C. By providing accurate wind speed information for designers.
D. By gathering data on different kinds of weather conditions.
13. What did researchers use their model to do
A. Find out the regularity of hurricanes.
B. Add historical hurricane data to HURDAT2.
C Examine the effect of hurricanes on climate change.
D. Test the possibility of using AI to produce realistic storms.
14. Which of the following can replace the underlined part “confined to” in the last paragraph
A. applied to B. attached to C. limited to D. compared to
15. How do the researchers feel about the model
A. Confident. B. Worried. C. Doubtful. D. Disappointed.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Adults generally dislike getting older. ___16___ It’s no surprise, then, that many kids look forward to their birthdays, especially the 16th birthday. For girls in America, a “Sweet 16” birthday is an important rite (仪式) of passage that celebrates approaching adulthood.
In the United States, the 16th birthday is a mark that a girl has come of age. She is not a legal adult yet, but at 16, many girls can begin to learn to drive. ___17___ For many youths, the 16th birthday is a celebration of womanhood and marks the end of the girl’s childhood.
Society and media often put great importance on a girl’s 16th birthday. ___18___ Both of them have great personal importance. They think of their 16th birthdays like women think of their weddings.
___19___ The event can be held in a garden, a park or somewhere else. Often, a girl has been planning her 16th birthday party for long and has a very specific idea about what she wants and who she wants to invite. As long as she doesn’t waste money, letting a girl plan her 16th birthday is a great way to let her creativity and personality shine.
There are many theories about how the sweet 16th birthday came into being. Most connect the birthday celebration with the Mexican Quinceanera, which takes place on a girl’s 15th birthday, or European ancient coming-of-age celebrations. ___20___
A. She is still just a little kid.
B. Many parties show a girl’s interest.
C. However, kids find “growing up” exciting.
D. The big part of a sweet 16th birthday is the party.
E. They can get jobs and take other adult responsibilities.
F. No matter where the celebration began, it has become a tradition.
G. Many movies show girls’ 16th birthdays are just as important as graduations.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When family members shared stories of Hody during his funeral, they were in for a surprise. They learned a ___21___ he’d kept for years and saw just how ___22___ he was, not only to them but to their whole town.
The family learned that Hody had been ___23___ money to Geraldine Drugs for anyone who actually needed help in paying for their ___24___ . “He started making donations ___25___ about seven or eight years ago and ___26___ anonymous (匿名的),” Brooke Walker, the pharmacy (药店) owner, said.
Over time the fund grew to thousands of dollars, and thus there was enough money to help two people per month who lacked insurance to ___27___ their prescriptions. In late 2022, Hody’s health changed due to his fight with health problems. He sensed he was approaching the ___28___ of his days here. With it becoming tougher to get around, he needed someone to ___29___ his mission of delivering his $100 bill to Geraldine Drugs. He passed the ___30___ on to his daughter Tania. Tania told Brooke that she was ___31___ of his actions all this time, saying, “I was ___32___ —I had no idea that he was helping people at the drug store.”
Hody died on New Year’s Day, 2023. The 80-year-old’s kind heart definitely ___33___ many people in his community. Brooke said that many people he’d helped often ___34___ to pay it forward for someone else. They even offered to put money back into the fund. The spirit of ___35___ continued.
21. A. lesson B. belief C. journal D. secret
22. A. humorous B. special C. rude D. mean
23. A. donating B. adding C. awarding D. lending
24. A. services B. meals C. medicines D. tickets
25. A. daily B. monthly C. weekly D. yearly
26. A. appeared B. proved C. remained D. became
27. A. cover B. check C. switch D. receive
28. A. rest B. top C. beginning D. end
29. A. set up B. kick off C. take over D. carry out
30. A. bill B. task C. tradition D. message
31. A. afraid B. sure C. tired D. unaware
32. A. shocked B. frightened C. ashamed D. annoyed
33. A. comforted B. attracted C. blessed D. entertained
34. A. promised B. returned C. refused D. pretended
35. A. creating B. learning C. trying D. giving
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Born in 1946 in New York, Claudia Goldin, professor at Harvard University, ___36___ (award) the Nobel Prize in economics for her work on women in the labor market in October, 2023. She found that women generally receive a ___37___ (low) pay than men. She looked at over 200 years of US data, ___38___ showed that much of the gender pay gap could ___39___ (historic) be explained by differences in education and jobs.
Female participation in the labor market follows ___40___ U-shaped form over the whole period, and the participation of ___41___ (marry) women decreased when society changed from farming to industry in the early 19th century, but then started to increase with the ___42___ (grow) of the service industry in the early 20th century, her research has shown.
“It is obvious that understanding women’s role in the labor market is important for society. Thanks to Goldin’s research, we are now equipped ___43___ a deeper understanding of the factors contributing to the gender pay gap ___44___ which challenges may need ___45___ (address) in the future,” Jakob Svensson, chair of the Committee for the Prize in Economic Sciences, said in a statement.
第四部分 写作（共三节满分45分）
第一节 完成句子（范围：选必3单元2到选必3单元4，每空一词，每题1分，共5题，满分5分）
46. 最近的研究使人们对这种疾病的起因有了新的了解。
Recent research has __________ __________ __________ __________ the causes of the disease.
47. 在九十年代，学生都渴望听到他的演讲。
In the 90s, the students all __________ __________ hear him speak.
48. 考虑到交通阻塞，到那里大约需要一小时。
It will take about an hour to get there, __________ __________ traffic delays.
49. 他不顾危险地爬上了高塔。
__________ __________ the danger, he climbed the tall tower.
50. 该计划将送交委员会正式批准。
The plan will be __________ __________ the committee for official approval.
第二节（满分15分）
51. 假定你校英语社团正在进行征文比赛活动，主题是“学习历史人物，弘扬民族精神”。请你根据一位中国历史人物的事迹，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.人物事迹简介；
2.给我们树立的榜样。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.题目自拟。
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第三节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Jenny was in high school, she took a part-time job at a grocery store near the school. She was smart and nice while the boss Elsie and other workers there were friendly. As a result, Jenny made friends with them. After Jenny graduated, she gave up her part-time job, said goodbye to her friends, and went to a city far away to go to college, not knowing these friends would do her a big favor in the future.
Months later after Jenny was in college, the Christmas holiday approached. She applied herself to the final exams. Jenny’s eyes were aching from lack of sleep. She tried to rub(擦) the tiredness from her eyes, but failed. So she stood and stretched and looked through the window to watch the first snow of the season.
As she stared out of the window of her dorm, memories of once happily staying with her family members for the holiday hit her mind.
Feeling sad, Jenny sat back down at her desk and tried to focus on her studies. In just seven more days, the final exams would be over and all the students in the freshman college dorm would be going home except her. She would be moving temporarily to another dorm for the
Christmas break. Instead of enjoying homemade pies, cookies and roast turkey together with her family, Jenny would be eating alone in the school dining hall. It was not a prospect she looked forward to.
Jenny had no choice. She was a student from Pennsylvania attending college in Utah and her family of ten couldn’t afford to pay for her ticket home. She was able to attend college because of the several scholarships she had got.
Unable to focus her mind, Jenny stared back at the white snow dancing in the air. This would be her first Christmas away from home.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jenny was so sad that tears began welling up in her eyes.
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Before long, Elsie and her workers bought Jenny a ticket home.
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听力 1—5 BCABA 6—10 CABAB 11—15 BCCBA 16—20 ACBAC

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