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浙江省杭州市2024届高三下学期二模英语试题
一、第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Fine Arts Students Deliver Magical Performances
As the winter holidays approach,Brookhaven School students presented an aray of extraordinary performances showcasing immense talent within our fine arts community.From the band concert to the choral concerts,each event highlighted the dedication and exceptional gifts of our students.
The December 12 Eagles Band Concert filled Woodruff Auditorium with melodies that captured the festive spirit.On December 14,the Foundations Christmas Choral Concert featured spirited performances by our 7th graders.The finale of seasonal fine arts showcases occurred on December 18 in Brady Theater with the Senior Chior Concert,spotlighting high school singers.
A highly anticipated tradition,the school-wide Holiday Assembly on December 19, hosted by esteemed Fine Arts Department Chair Mr.Kaminer,embodied the true essence of the holiday season.Angelic songs filled Young Gym,followed by joyous laughter and cheers as the"best costume"winners received their awards.Even the youngest War Eagles,the children in the Brookhaven Early Learning Center, attended the celebrations.Following the event,students merrily left school for the holiday break.
Looking toward 2024,anticipation builds for the Brookhaven theater spring productions."Something Rotten!"promises high-energy comedic performances by theater students,while"Tuck Everlasting"assures a moving portrayal by talented Foundations students.Furthermore,the Brookhaven Dance Company will hold their showcase April 11-12 in Woodruff Auditorium.Tickets will soon be available for purchase.
1．What did the students at Brookhaven School do before the winter holidays
A．They performed magic tricks.
B．They participated in community service.
C．They gave holiday concerts.
D．They presented new theatre productions.
2．What can we learn about Holiday Assembly on December 19
A．It was a large celebration within the school.
B．It was an award presentation for best students.
C．It featured various fun music and sports events.
D．It was held on the first day of the winter holiday.
3．What is the text
A．A fine arts brochure. B．A school announcement.
C．A school newsletter. D．A concert advertisement.
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s.Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers.In 2080,the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.To make this a bit more tangible for you,I would like to give an example of what a child's education looks like in 2080.Her name is Shemsy.Shemsy is 13,and she is confident and loves learning.
Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist.The institution was abolished as it was widely thought of as more like a prison or a factory than a creative learning environment.Schools have been replaced with"Learning Hubs"that are not restricted to certain ages.They are where intergenerational learning happens,in line with the belief that learning is a lifelong pursuit.
Every year,Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive"teacher-citizen".Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community.She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as essential and core to our humanity. Shemsy works a lot collaboratively.Access to education is universal,and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly.Variability between students is expected and leveraged(利用)as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength.Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets.She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally:Being Human and the History of Humanity.
We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080,what does it look like,who does it serve,and how does it transform our societies
4．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．There are different types of education.
B．The present education needs improvements.
C．Education and economy are closely associated.
D．The goal of future education is fundamentally different.
5．What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to
A．It accepts students of all ages.
B．It promotes competition.
C．It discourages individualized learning.
D．It is all about play-based learning.
6．What does the underlined word "mandatory" in paragraph 3 mean
A．Tough. B．Satisfactory. C．Optional. D．Required.
7．What is the suitable title for the text
A．An Example to All B．A Vision for Education
C．A Challenge for Education D．A Journey into the Future
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole.Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril(鼻孔)slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales,such as sperm whales,have one hole,baleen(鲸须) whales, such as humpback and Rice whales,have two.
Even among the baleen whales,the placing of those nostrils differs.In some species they are close together.In others,they are much further apart.In a paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan,a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science,suggests why that might be.Having two nostrils,he argues,helps whales smell in stereo (立体空间).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton(浮游动物), which they catch by filtering( 过 滤 ) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths.But to eat something you first have to find it.Toothed whales do not hunt by scent.In fact,the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures.But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs,which suggests smell remains important.And scent can indeed give zooplankton away.Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack,they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide,which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses.Having two eyes,for instance,allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth.Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The farther apart the sensory organs are,the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them.The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species.Sure enough,baleen whales that often eat zooplankton,such as the North Atlantic right whale,have nostrils that are farther apart than do those,such as humpback whales,that eat zooplankton occasionally.Besides allowing them to breathe,it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
8．What do we know about whales' nostrils according to the first two paragraphs
A．They are adapted ones.
B．They are developed merely for smell.
C．They are not easy to detect.
D．They are fixed universally in numbers.
9．What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
A．The teeth that baleen whales have.
B．The smell that phytoplankton send.
C．The sound waves that zooplankton create.
D．The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
10．How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
A．By quoting a theory. B．By using examples.
C．By making contrast. D．By making inferences.
11．What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
A．The sense of smell.
B．The possibility to attract food.
C．The ability to locate food.
D．The ability to communicate.
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Is forgiveness against our human nature To answer our question,we need to ask a further question:What is the essence of our humanity For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.The first view involves dominance and power.In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness,Droll (1984)made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows.Those who forgive are against their basic nature,much to their harm. In his opinion,forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others,who might then take advantage of them.
The second view involves the theme of cooperation,mutual respect,and even love as the basis of who we are as humans.Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings,we need both to receive love from and offer love to others.Without love,our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart.Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.For example,how well has slavery(奴隶制) worked as a mode of social harmony
From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans,forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger.At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged(不和的)accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.
As an important note,when we take a Classical philosophical perspective,that of Aristotle,we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality.We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive,but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving,its actual appropriation in conflict situations,develops with practice.
12．What is Droll's idea about forgiveness
A．People should offer mercy to others.
B．Aggressive people should learn to forgive.
C．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity.
D．People who forgive can have their own welfare affected.
13．What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate
A．To forgive is to love. B．To dominate is to harm.
C．To fight is to grow. D．To give is to receive.
14．What is the writer's attitude toward forgiveness
A．Favorable. B．Reserved. C．Objective. D．Skeptical.
15．What is message of the last paragraph
A．Forgiveness is in our nature.
B．Forgiveness grows with time.
C．It takes practice to forgive.
D．Actuality is based on potentiality.
二、第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's no secret that reading good news feels a lot better than reading bad news. Like,would you rather bite into a lemon,or sip on a fresh glass of lemonade
　16． 　The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert(警觉的) to what's going on around us.While reading traditional,more negative news is important,consuming good news is also part of staying informed. 　17． 　And it also brings meaningful benefits,like reduced stress and anxiety, higher rates of engagement,community building skills,and inspiration for creating a better world.Plus,knowing what to look for in the good news landscape is a key part of improving our media literacy skills and being thoughtful news consumers.
In fact,good news,known as solutions journalism,is becoming more popular,as publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories.Good Good Good is one of them. 　18． 　 A team of reporters and editors there work daily to deliver stories that make readers feel hopeful and equipped to do more good with possible solutions.
"If it bleeds,it leads."has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news stories about violence,death and destruction draw readers' attention.　19． 　 The thing is,however,there's also good stuff out there—the delightful and kind parts of humanity."Beautiful stories are happening worldwide.　20． 　When you do find them,the world can suddenly feel like a very different place.Good news is a vital part of how we learn about the world and solving the world's problems."Hervey,one of Good Good Good's editors said.
A.Share good news with people around you.
B.It's just that we don't hear as much about them.
C.But the"bad news"has its place in the world.
D.It provides a more balanced view of the world.
E.And so,negative news stories are everywhere on news media.
F.Heartwarming stories make you cry and feel good.
G.The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally.
三、第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past 18 years,my daughter has been around me all the time.Now that she is in college,the 21． of our relationship has totally changed and our relationship is completely 22． .I'm not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her.I won't know when she's mad or when she's happy.Here's a little story of our new 23． .
A week ago,my daughter wanted to 24． so she called me during the day as I was in meetings.I 25． her later on,but she was in class.At midnight,she reached out 26． to ask if we could talk.Well,guess what I was 27． .I thought we would talk the next day,but she was not 28． …
Research shows that parents are 29． when their children are grown up,but for me that is when I start to get concerned.I am always left to 30． ,how can I, as a parent,remain 31． to my daughter to guide,support and love through life's changes
We may have to 32． the way we communicate.My daughter encouraged me to go digital.That's how I ventured into the world of social media,following her updates and occasionally sharing my own experiences.Through this 33． presence,the physical gap is 34． and I feel I still have an active role in her life. This experience serves as a reminder that 35． ,however scary,holds the promise of growth in our shared journey.
21．A．problem B．progress C．goal D．context
22．A．cold B．special C．different D．casual
23．A．normal B．idea C．approach D．solution
24．A．catch up B．take over C．check out D．break away
25．A．visited B．touched C．tried D．emailed
26．A．by taxi B．by text C．in private D．in person
27．A．stupid B．angry C．excited D．asleep
28．A．available B．interested C．ready D．guilty
29．A．saddest B．busiest C．happiest D．best
30．A．decide B．wonder C．investigate D．distinguish
31．A．kind B．appreciative C．sensitive D．relevant
32．A．voice B．ignore C．shift D．continue
33．A．human B．virtual C．physical D．permanent
34．A．widened B．formed C．broken D．bridged
35．A．college B．relationship C．change D．communication
四、第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. 　36． 　 is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not,recording every step we take Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits The real questions surround not the 　37． 　(wear),but the wearer.
The challenge for athletes 　38． 　 (look)to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful.If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate "zones,"a wearable can help you do so. However,for professionals and those who are new 　39． 　working out,less is more.
Earlier this month,Sara Hall,a professional marathon runner competing in the U.S. Olympic marathon trials,actually 　40． 　 (throw) away her GPS watch midrace 　41． 　(avoid) distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners,it's more important to learn to listen to your body's signals-tiredness, 　42． 　 (ache),bursts of energy – 　43． 　 to track your pace or heart rate.Depending on what those goals are,there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 　44． 　 (effect),more fun,more convenient.Dr.Ethan Weiss,a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item 　45． 　(attach) at your wrist,like a leash(狗绳) ,is more likely to pull you toward more activity.
五、第四部分 写 作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)
46．（2024·杭州模拟）本学期你校开设了每周一节的英语文学阅读课，请你就此写一篇短文向学校英文报 "Student Voice"栏目投稿，内容包括：
1.课程介绍(目的、内容、上课方式等);
2.你的收获。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
English Literature Reading Class Opens a New World
六、第二节(满分25分)
47．（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"I'll bet Anjali knows.Right,Anjali Why don't you show us since you're the star student,"Deepak taunted(奚落) .
Anjali was confused.She wasn't trying to show off.She was just playing tabla( 印 度塔不拉鼓),like everyone else.And why was Deepak being so mean lately Is it because tabla is a boy's thing She didn't care that people thought it was a boys' instrument.Anjali knew there was no such thing.She danced her fingers across the tabla to perform the composition in confusion."Ugh!"Anjali heard someone groan, and she stopped playing.
"I guess I don't know it that well after all,"Anjali said sheepishly to the teacher, Mr.Zakir.Her stomach was doing flip-flops.That wasn't true.Not even a little.Mr. Zakir's eyes narrowed.He looked like he was about to say something,but changed his mind."The recital( 演奏会 ) is next week,everyone.Keep practicing.I will be announcing who will get to perform onstage with me at my next concert!"Anjali had dreamed of a moment like that.She wanted to win the opportunity,but she needed to sort things straight with Deepak first.
As the class was dismissed,Anjali hurried over to Deepak.When she finally made eye contact with him,he purposely looked away and walked off.The next day at school,Anjali overheard Deepak whispering to Mary."People are only interested because she's the only girl in tabla class and they want her to feel special.She's not that good—"Anjali was furious.She excused herself and went to the bathroom.She took some deep breaths but couldn't relax.Her heart was pounding:
"It's not my fault that people make a big deal about a girl playing tabla.I make mistakes too,but I work really hard.Maybe he should too.He should be less mean and practice more."
"If I play in this concert,no one will talk to me again.He will turn everyone against me."
"I don't want to see a tabla or hear a tabla or play a tabla EVER AGAIN!!" Anjali yelled at the mirror.It was quiet for a moment.She believed it was one of her darkest days ever.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Stepping out of the bathroom,Anjali saw some inspiring posters on the wall.
After the recital,Deepak walked up to Anjali.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布鲁克海文学校的学生们呈现了一系列非凡的表演和即将到来的春季演出的计划安排。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"As the winter holidays approach,Brookhaven School students presented an aray of extraordinary performances showcasing immense talent within our fine arts community. From the band concert to the choral concerts,each event highlighted the dedication and exceptional gifts of our students.(随着寒假的临近，布鲁克海文学校的学生们呈现了一系列非凡的表演，展示了我们美术界的巨大才能。从乐队音乐会到合唱音乐会，每一场活动都突出了我们学生的奉献精神和非凡的天赋。)"可知，布鲁克海文学校的学生在寒假前举行了假日音乐会。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段"Angelic songs filled Young Gym,followed by joyous laughter and cheers as the"best costume"winners received their awards.Even the youngest War Eagles,the children in the Brookhaven Early Learning Center, attended the celebrations.(当"最佳服装"获奖者领奖时，天使般的歌声充斥着Young Gym，随之而来的是欢乐的笑声和欢呼声。即使是最年轻的战鹰，布鲁克海文早期学习中心的孩子们，也参加了庆祝活动。)"可推知，关于12月19日的节日集会我们能了解到的是它是学校里举行的一场盛大的庆祝活动。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据标题"Fine Arts Students Deliver Magical Performances(艺术系学生表演魔术)"并分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了布鲁克海文学校的学生们呈现了一系列非凡的表演和即将到来的春季演出的计划安排，所以本文应该是一篇学校通讯。故选C。
【答案】4．D
5．A
6．D
7．B
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词句猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.(直到2035年左右，教育系统的主要功能是为经济提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。)"可知，第一段主要告诉我们未来教育的目标是完全不同的。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段"Schools have been replaced with "Learning Hubs" that are not restricted to certain ages.(学校已经被不受年龄限制的"学习中心"所取代。)"可知，Shemsy去的学习中心接受所有年龄的学生。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段"Being Human and the History of Humanity(做人和人类历史)"可知，做人和人类历史应该是全球儿童必修的课程，划线词mandatory的意思是"必修的"，和required意思相近，故选D。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段"In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child's education looks like in 2080.(在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。为了让你们更明白这一点，我想举一个2080年儿童教育的例子。)"可知，本文主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰当的标题是B选项"A Vision for Education(教育远景)"。故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．B
11．C
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是关于须鲸的鼻孔的相关知识。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段"Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.(很少有人知道，呼吸孔是一种经过轻微进化的鼻孔，对于在海洋中生活的哺乳动物来说，它的形式更有用)"可知，根据前两段，鲸鱼的鼻孔是调整过的，故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段"When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide, which in turn attracts baleen whales.(当它们受到攻击时，它们会释放一种叫做二甲硫的特殊气体，反过来吸引须鲸)"可知，当须鲸捕食浮游动物时，浮游植物散发的气味起了作用。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段"Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.(例如，有两只眼睛的动物可以通过比较来自每只眼睛的图像来感知深度。它们有两只耳朵，可以确定声音传来的方向)"可知，第四段通过举例解释立体感觉的概念。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.(除了让它们呼吸外，一些鲸鱼似乎还用它们的气孔来确定晚餐在哪个方向)"可知，鼻孔的位置与定位食物的能力有关。故选C。
【答案】12．D
13．B
14．A
15．C
【知识点】社会文化类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕"原谅是否违背人类本性"这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.(在一篇关于宽恕心理学的早期论文中，Droll(1984)提出了一个有趣的观点，即人类的本质比宽恕所允许的更具攻击性。那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们。)"可知，Droll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段所举例子上文"Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.(研究人员发现，为了全面成长为人类，我们既需要从别人那里接受爱，也需要向别人提供爱。没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。)"可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦。"For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony (例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用 )"通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. (从作为人类的第二种观点来看，宽恕在个人和社区的生理和心理完整性方面都起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是减少仇恨，恢复和谐。宽恕可以打破愤怒的循环。至少在某种程度上，与你疏远的人接受你的爱和宽恕，并准备做出必要的调整。宽恕可以治愈人际关系，重新连接人际关系。)"可知，作者认为原谅在个体和社区生物学和心理学完整性中的关键作用，指出原谅能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐，并且能够打破愤怒的循环。作者还提到原谅可以治愈关系，让人们重新建立联系。这些观点都表明作者对于原谅持有支持的态度。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice.(值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度，即亚里士多德的角度来看，我们会看到潜在性和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。宽恕的现实性，它在冲突情境中的实际运用，是随着实践而发展的。)"可知，最后一段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选C。
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．G；19．E；20．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是读到好消息的好处以及Good Good Good这家媒体公司。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。
16．空后"The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert (警觉的) to what's going on around us. (这个世界充满了问题和冲突，我们需要对周围发生的事情保持了解和警惕。)"说明了这个世界存在一些不好的事情，C选项"But the "bad news" has its place in the world. (但"坏消息"在世界上也有一席之地。)"说明了世界上存在坏消息，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
17．空前"While reading traditional, more negative news is important, consuming good news is also part of staying informed. (虽然阅读传统的、更多的负面新闻很重要，但消费好消息也是保持信息灵通的一部分。)"说明了消费好消息是保持信息灵通的一部分，空后"And it also brings meaningful benefits, like reduced stress and anxiety, higher rates of engagement, community building skills, and inspiration for creating a better world. (它也带来了有意义的好处，比如减少压力和焦虑，提高参与度，社区建设技能，以及创造更美好世界的灵感。)"说明了好消息的好处，空格处也应该是好消息的好处，D选项"It provides a more balanced view of the world. (它提供了一个更平衡的世界观。)"说明了看好消息的好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
18．空前"In fact, good news, known as solutions journalism, is becoming more popular, as publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories. Good Good Good is one of them. (事实上，随着出版商和新闻台发现分享积极故事的好处，被称为"解决方案新闻"的好消息正变得越来越受欢迎。Good Good Good就是其中之一。)"说明了Good Good Good是一家分享积极故事的公司，空格处应该对其进行进一步的介绍，G选项"The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally. (这家新闻媒体公司致力于有意地提供好消息。)"说明了这家公司致力于有意地提供好消息，是对它进行的进一步介绍，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
19．空前""If it bleeds, it leads." has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news stories about violence, death and destruction draw readers' attention. ("如果流血，它就会引导"一直以来都是媒体用来形容有关暴力、死亡和破坏的新闻报道如何吸引读者注意力的说法。)"说明了"If it bleeds, it leads"这句话是媒体用来形容有关暴力、死亡和破坏的新闻报道如何吸引读者注意力的说法，空格处应该说这会引起一个什么结果，E选项"And so, negative news stories are everywhere on news media. (因此，新闻媒体上到处都是负面新闻。)"说明了前面所说内容所导致的结果，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
20．空前"The thing is, however, there's also good stuff out there—the delightful and kind parts of humanity. (然而，事实是，也有好的一面——人性中令人愉快和善良的一面。)"说明了有好的一面，空后"When you do find them, the world can suddenly feel like a very different place. (当你的确找到他们的时候，世界会突然变得不一样。)"表明了你有时候找不到好的一面，B选项"It's just that we don't hear as much about them. (只是我们很少听到关于它们的消息。)"说明我们有时是找不到那些好的方面，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．A；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．D；28．A；29．C；30．B；31．D；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者与女儿之间关系随着女儿进入大学而发生的变化，以及作者如何适应这种变化并努力维持与女儿的联系。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空的解题技巧如下。利用首句信息来推测语篇主旨；寻找提示信息，重视语境意义；识别语篇标志，理清逻辑关系；利用原词复现，寻找近义词语；利用背景知识来简化判断过程；注意习惯用语，熟记常见句型。
21．句意：既然她已经上大学了，我们关系的背景完全改变了，我们的关系也完全不同了。A. problem问题；B. progress进步；C. goal目标；D. context背景。根据上文"For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)"可推理出此处说的是作者和女儿的关系背景发生了变化，故选D。
22．句意：既然她已经上大学了，我们关系的背景完全改变了，我们的关系也完全不同了。A. cold冷的；B. special特殊的；C. different不同的；D. casual漫不经心的。根据上文"For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)"以及下文"I'm not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her(我不会每天早上都在那里陪她吃早餐了。)"可推理出此处说的是作者和女儿的关系与以前不同了，故选C。
23．句意：这是我们新常态的一个小故事。A. normal常态；B. idea想法；C. approach方法；D. solution解决办法。根据下文"A week ago, my daughter wanted to … so she called me during the day as I was in meetings. I …her later on, but she was in class.(一周前，我女儿想……，所以她白天给我打电话，那时我在开会。我后来……，但是她在上课)"可推理出此处说的是作者与女儿相处的新常态，故选A。
24．句意：一周前，我女儿想和我聊聊天（了解情况），所以在我开会期间她给我打了电话。A. catch up了解；B. take over接管；C. check out结账离开；D. break away突然离开。根据下文"ask if we could talk(询问是否能聊天)"可推理出此处上下文说的是女儿想聊天了解作者的情况，故选A。
25．句意：后来我试着联系她，但她在上课。A. visited拜访；B. touched触摸；C. tried试图；D. emailed发电子邮件。根据下文"but she was in class(但是她在上课)"可推理出作者试图联系女儿，故选C。
26．句意：到了午夜，她发短信问我能否聊聊。A. by taxi坐出租车；B. by text通过短信；C. in private私下地；D. in person亲自。根据下文"ask if we could talk(询问是否能聊天)"结合时间是半夜可推理出女儿通过短信询问作者能否聊天，故选B。
27．句意：我在睡觉。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. angry生气的；C. excited感到兴奋的；D. asleep睡着的。根据上文"At midnight(在午夜)"可推理出作者已经睡着了，故选D。
28．句意：我以为第二天我们能谈话，但是她没空。A. available有空的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. ready准备好的；D. guilty内疚的。根据上文"I thought we would talk the next day, but(我以为第二天我们能谈话，但是……)"可推理出作者的女儿没空，故选A。
29．句意：研究表明，父母在孩子长大后最幸福，但对我来说，这正是我开始担忧的时候。A. saddest最伤心的；B. busiest最忙的；C. happiest最幸福的；D. best最好的。根据下文"but for me that is when I start to get concerned(这正是我开始担忧的时候)"可推理出空白处应填表示"最幸福的"含义的表达，故选C。
30．句意：我总是在想，作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，通过生活的变化来指导、支持和爱护她？A. decide决定；B. wonder想弄明白；C. investigate调查；D. distinguish区分。根据下文"how can I, as a parent, remain relevant to my daughter to guide, support and love through life's changes ( 作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化？)"可知，下文说的是作者试图弄明白的问题，空白处应填表示"想弄明白"含义的表达，故选B。
31．句意：我总是在想，作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，通过生活的变化来指导、支持和爱护她？A. kind善良的；B. appreciative感激的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. relevant相关联的。根据下文"to guide, support and love through life's changes(指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化)"可知，此处说的是作者希望能帮助孩子指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化，希望自己能保持与女儿的生活的相关性，故选D。
32．句意：我们可能需要改变我们的沟通方式。A. voice表达；B. ignore忽视；C. shift改变；D. continue继续。根据下文"My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)"可知此处说的是要改变沟通的方式，故选C。
33．句意：通过这种虚拟存在，物理上的距离被弥合了，我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色。A. human人的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. physical身体的；D. permanent永久的。根据上文"My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)"可知作者接受女儿的建议，使用数字工具，通过虚拟的方式得以仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选B。
34．句意：通过这种虚拟存在，物理上的距离被弥合了，我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色。A. widened加宽；B. formed形成；C. broken破坏；D. bridged弥合。根据上文"the physical gap(物理上的距离)"以及下文"I feel I still have an active role in her life(我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色)"可推理出此处说的是作者通过参与数字工具，得以弥合了物理上的距离，仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选D。
35．句意：这段经历提醒我们，无论变化多么令人害怕，它都承载着我们在共同旅程中成长的希望。A. college学院；B. relationship关系；C. change变化；D. communication沟通。根据上文"For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)"以及"My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)"、"I feel I still have an active role in her life(我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色)"可知，作者的女儿去上大学，两人的关系发生了变化，但是作者采纳女儿的建议使用数字工具，得以弥合了物理上的距离，仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选C。
【答案】36．But；37．wearable；38．looking；39．to；40．threw；41．to avoid；42．aches；43．than；44．effective；45．attached
【知识点】文娱体育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕可穿戴技术及其对运动员和锻炼者的影响进行了讨论。作者提出了关于可穿戴技术是否真的能最大化锻炼效果的问题，并通过专业马拉松运动员和初学者的例子，探讨了过多依赖数据可能带来的问题。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及对名词，连词，形容词，时态，固定搭配以及非谓语动词多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：但是，我们更多地依赖于技术，记录我们的每一步，这是一件好事吗？空前"We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices."和空后"is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take "之间为转折关系，用连词but连接；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填But。
37．句意：真正的问题不在于可穿戴设备，而在于穿戴者本身。分析句子成分，根据句意可知，空处考查"定冠词+形容词"，表示一类人或事物。本句指的是可穿戴设备，用the+ wearable。故填wearable。
38．句意：对于想要用数据提升比赛水平的运动员而言，面临的挑战是找到最有帮助的信息类型。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词"athlete"和动词"look"之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填looking。
39．句意： 然而，对于专业人士和那些刚开始健身的新手来说，少即是多。 这里的空白处需要填入一个介词，使句子语法正确且意思通顺。由于"be new to"是一个常用的短语，表示"对……来说是新的"或"刚开始做……"，因此在这个句子中，"new to working out"意味着"刚开始健身"。故填to。
40．句意：本月早些时候，参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为了避免分心，竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语"earlier this month"可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填threw。
41．句意：本月早些时候，参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为了避免分心，竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to avoid。
42．句意：同样，对于跑步初学者来说，学会倾听你身体的信号——疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发——比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。分析句子成分可知，ache"疼痛"为可数名词，应用名词的复数形式。故填aches。
43．句意：同样，对于跑步初学者来说，学会倾听你身体的信号——疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发——比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。根据上文的"more important"可知，空处填"than"，构成固定搭配：more…than…，意为"比……更……"，符合句意。故填than。
44．句意：根据目标的不同，可能会有一些成本更低、更有趣、更方便的方法来实现这些目标。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，和下文"fun、convenient"并列，作表语。故填effective。
45．句意：加州大学的内科医生 Ethan Weiss博士告诉他的病人，在手腕上系一条不同的东西，比如皮带，更有可能把你拉向更多的活动。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词"a different item"和动词"attach"之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填attached。
46．【答案】English Literature Reading Class Opens a New World
I'm excited to share my experience with the weekly English Literature Reading class.
Starting this semester,the class is designed specifically for us to enhance our English proficiency.Each wee ek this class unfolds with a new literary masterpiece ranging from classic novels to contemporary poetry.Through interactive discussions,group readings,and insightful analysis,we are able to explore the depths of literary.Not only does literature reading give me great enjoyment,but Ive honed critical thinking skills.
Moreover,the class has sparked a newfound passion for literature within me,igniting my desire to explore further in the vast world of English letters.It has undoubtedly been a highlight of this academic semester.
【知识点】文字式应用文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文向学校英文报"Student Voice"栏目投稿，介绍英语文学阅读课以及自己的收获。
1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
提高：enhance→improve/promote/boost
另外：moreover→furthermore/in addition/besides/what's more
无疑：undoubtedly→beyond doubt
热情：passion→flame/warmth/enthusiasm
强调：highlight→emphasize/stress
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Starting this semester, the class is designed specifically for us to enhance our English proficiency.
拓展句：The class, which started this semester, is designed specifically for us to enhance our English proficiency.
高分句型1 Not only does literature reading give me great enjoyment, but I've honed critical thinking skills. (运用了部分倒装结构)
高分句型2 Moreover, the class has sparked a newfound passion for literature within me, igniting my desire to explore further in the vast world of English letters. (运用了现在分词短语作状语)
【点评】在写作时，要求考生合理谋篇布局，有效的使用语句间的衔接成分，使全文结构紧凑。尽可能使用高级词汇和较为复杂的句子结构。要遵循以下原则：条理性原则，短语优先原则，多实少虚原则以及多变句式原则等。
47．【答案】Paragraph 1:
Stepping out of the bathroom,Anjali saw some inspiring posters on the wall. One of them illustrated with several instruments and a quote"Never dim your light."For that very moment,Anjali thought about how she was mesmerized the first time she saw someone playing tabla,by the beautiful sounds he was creating with his hands. She knew that tabla was meant for her.When the day of the recital finally arrived,Anjali was determined to do her very best,regardless of the outcome.She was not going to let anyone make her feel bad,whether it was for being good at something or for being a girl.And as expected,she delivered a flawless performance.
Paragraph 2:
After the recital,Deepak walked up to Anjali."Very impressive."He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealous because tabla should be a boy's instrument.Anjali shrugged,"You know there is no such thing."As Anjali took one last look at the stage,she felt such a relief.Under the spotlight was the set of tabla,glittering on the stage just as she did a few minutes earlier.Among countless compliments and congratulations from the audience,Anjali heard a little sweet voice,"Bravo,Anjali!!"She turned to find a little girl looking up at her."I didn't know girls could play tabla,"she said."Girls can do everything boys do,"Anjali beamed,"Never dim your light.
【知识点】读后续写；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Anjali是印度塔不拉鼓班上唯一的女生，虽然她很努力，但是她受到了Deepak的奚落，Anjali告诉老师Mr. Zakir自己不是很会塔不拉鼓，Mr. Zakir通知下周会有独奏会，叫同学们继续练习，Anjali一直梦想着这样的时刻，她想赢得这个机会，但她需要先和Deepak把事情理清楚，她偶然听到了Deepak和玛丽的窃窃私语，他们认为人们对Anjali感兴趣只是因为Anjali是手鼓课上唯一的女孩，Anjali觉得如果自己在这场音乐会上演奏，就没有人会再和自己说话了。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容"走出浴室，Anjali看到墙上一些鼓舞人心的海报。"可知，第一段可描写Anjali看到海报后的一些想法以及她参加了音乐会。
②由第二段首句内容"演奏会结束后，Deepak走向Anjali。"可知，第二段可描写Deepak向Anjali道歉以及Anjali的事情对其他人的鼓舞。
2.续写线索：想起第一次听到塔不拉鼓的情形——决定尽力——表演很完美——Deepak道歉——Anjali如释重负——一个小女孩受到鼓舞
3.词汇激活
行为类
（1）想起：think about/think of
（2）决定：be determined to do/decide to do
（3）评述：remark/comment
情绪类
（1）尴尬：awkwardly/embarrassedly
（2）笑：beam/grin
高分句型1 For that very moment, Anjali thought about how she was mesmerized the first time she saw someone playing tabla, by the beautiful sounds he was creating with his hands. (由how引导的宾语从句，the first time引导的时间状语从句)
高分句型2 He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealous because tabla should be a boy's instrument.(由that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
【点评】1．续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。
2．在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
1 / 1浙江省杭州市2024届高三下学期二模英语试题
一、第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Fine Arts Students Deliver Magical Performances
As the winter holidays approach,Brookhaven School students presented an aray of extraordinary performances showcasing immense talent within our fine arts community.From the band concert to the choral concerts,each event highlighted the dedication and exceptional gifts of our students.
The December 12 Eagles Band Concert filled Woodruff Auditorium with melodies that captured the festive spirit.On December 14,the Foundations Christmas Choral Concert featured spirited performances by our 7th graders.The finale of seasonal fine arts showcases occurred on December 18 in Brady Theater with the Senior Chior Concert,spotlighting high school singers.
A highly anticipated tradition,the school-wide Holiday Assembly on December 19, hosted by esteemed Fine Arts Department Chair Mr.Kaminer,embodied the true essence of the holiday season.Angelic songs filled Young Gym,followed by joyous laughter and cheers as the"best costume"winners received their awards.Even the youngest War Eagles,the children in the Brookhaven Early Learning Center, attended the celebrations.Following the event,students merrily left school for the holiday break.
Looking toward 2024,anticipation builds for the Brookhaven theater spring productions."Something Rotten!"promises high-energy comedic performances by theater students,while"Tuck Everlasting"assures a moving portrayal by talented Foundations students.Furthermore,the Brookhaven Dance Company will hold their showcase April 11-12 in Woodruff Auditorium.Tickets will soon be available for purchase.
1．What did the students at Brookhaven School do before the winter holidays
A．They performed magic tricks.
B．They participated in community service.
C．They gave holiday concerts.
D．They presented new theatre productions.
2．What can we learn about Holiday Assembly on December 19
A．It was a large celebration within the school.
B．It was an award presentation for best students.
C．It featured various fun music and sports events.
D．It was held on the first day of the winter holiday.
3．What is the text
A．A fine arts brochure. B．A school announcement.
C．A school newsletter. D．A concert advertisement.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布鲁克海文学校的学生们呈现了一系列非凡的表演和即将到来的春季演出的计划安排。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"As the winter holidays approach,Brookhaven School students presented an aray of extraordinary performances showcasing immense talent within our fine arts community. From the band concert to the choral concerts,each event highlighted the dedication and exceptional gifts of our students.(随着寒假的临近，布鲁克海文学校的学生们呈现了一系列非凡的表演，展示了我们美术界的巨大才能。从乐队音乐会到合唱音乐会，每一场活动都突出了我们学生的奉献精神和非凡的天赋。)"可知，布鲁克海文学校的学生在寒假前举行了假日音乐会。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段"Angelic songs filled Young Gym,followed by joyous laughter and cheers as the"best costume"winners received their awards.Even the youngest War Eagles,the children in the Brookhaven Early Learning Center, attended the celebrations.(当"最佳服装"获奖者领奖时，天使般的歌声充斥着Young Gym，随之而来的是欢乐的笑声和欢呼声。即使是最年轻的战鹰，布鲁克海文早期学习中心的孩子们，也参加了庆祝活动。)"可推知，关于12月19日的节日集会我们能了解到的是它是学校里举行的一场盛大的庆祝活动。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据标题"Fine Arts Students Deliver Magical Performances(艺术系学生表演魔术)"并分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了布鲁克海文学校的学生们呈现了一系列非凡的表演和即将到来的春季演出的计划安排，所以本文应该是一篇学校通讯。故选C。
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s.Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers.In 2080,the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.To make this a bit more tangible for you,I would like to give an example of what a child's education looks like in 2080.Her name is Shemsy.Shemsy is 13,and she is confident and loves learning.
Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist.The institution was abolished as it was widely thought of as more like a prison or a factory than a creative learning environment.Schools have been replaced with"Learning Hubs"that are not restricted to certain ages.They are where intergenerational learning happens,in line with the belief that learning is a lifelong pursuit.
Every year,Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive"teacher-citizen".Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community.She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as essential and core to our humanity. Shemsy works a lot collaboratively.Access to education is universal,and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly.Variability between students is expected and leveraged(利用)as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength.Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets.She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally:Being Human and the History of Humanity.
We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080,what does it look like,who does it serve,and how does it transform our societies
4．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．There are different types of education.
B．The present education needs improvements.
C．Education and economy are closely associated.
D．The goal of future education is fundamentally different.
5．What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to
A．It accepts students of all ages.
B．It promotes competition.
C．It discourages individualized learning.
D．It is all about play-based learning.
6．What does the underlined word "mandatory" in paragraph 3 mean
A．Tough. B．Satisfactory. C．Optional. D．Required.
7．What is the suitable title for the text
A．An Example to All B．A Vision for Education
C．A Challenge for Education D．A Journey into the Future
【答案】4．D
5．A
6．D
7．B
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词句猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.(直到2035年左右，教育系统的主要功能是为经济提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。)"可知，第一段主要告诉我们未来教育的目标是完全不同的。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段"Schools have been replaced with "Learning Hubs" that are not restricted to certain ages.(学校已经被不受年龄限制的"学习中心"所取代。)"可知，Shemsy去的学习中心接受所有年龄的学生。故选A。
6．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段"Being Human and the History of Humanity(做人和人类历史)"可知，做人和人类历史应该是全球儿童必修的课程，划线词mandatory的意思是"必修的"，和required意思相近，故选D。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段"In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child's education looks like in 2080.(在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。为了让你们更明白这一点，我想举一个2080年儿童教育的例子。)"可知，本文主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰当的标题是B选项"A Vision for Education(教育远景)"。故选B。
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole.Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril(鼻孔)slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales,such as sperm whales,have one hole,baleen(鲸须) whales, such as humpback and Rice whales,have two.
Even among the baleen whales,the placing of those nostrils differs.In some species they are close together.In others,they are much further apart.In a paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan,a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science,suggests why that might be.Having two nostrils,he argues,helps whales smell in stereo (立体空间).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton(浮游动物), which they catch by filtering( 过 滤 ) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths.But to eat something you first have to find it.Toothed whales do not hunt by scent.In fact,the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures.But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs,which suggests smell remains important.And scent can indeed give zooplankton away.Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack,they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide,which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses.Having two eyes,for instance,allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth.Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The farther apart the sensory organs are,the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them.The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species.Sure enough,baleen whales that often eat zooplankton,such as the North Atlantic right whale,have nostrils that are farther apart than do those,such as humpback whales,that eat zooplankton occasionally.Besides allowing them to breathe,it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
8．What do we know about whales' nostrils according to the first two paragraphs
A．They are adapted ones.
B．They are developed merely for smell.
C．They are not easy to detect.
D．They are fixed universally in numbers.
9．What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
A．The teeth that baleen whales have.
B．The smell that phytoplankton send.
C．The sound waves that zooplankton create.
D．The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
10．How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
A．By quoting a theory. B．By using examples.
C．By making contrast. D．By making inferences.
11．What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
A．The sense of smell.
B．The possibility to attract food.
C．The ability to locate food.
D．The ability to communicate.
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．B
11．C
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是关于须鲸的鼻孔的相关知识。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段"Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.(很少有人知道，呼吸孔是一种经过轻微进化的鼻孔，对于在海洋中生活的哺乳动物来说，它的形式更有用)"可知，根据前两段，鲸鱼的鼻孔是调整过的，故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段"When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide, which in turn attracts baleen whales.(当它们受到攻击时，它们会释放一种叫做二甲硫的特殊气体，反过来吸引须鲸)"可知，当须鲸捕食浮游动物时，浮游植物散发的气味起了作用。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段"Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.(例如，有两只眼睛的动物可以通过比较来自每只眼睛的图像来感知深度。它们有两只耳朵，可以确定声音传来的方向)"可知，第四段通过举例解释立体感觉的概念。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.(除了让它们呼吸外，一些鲸鱼似乎还用它们的气孔来确定晚餐在哪个方向)"可知，鼻孔的位置与定位食物的能力有关。故选C。
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读理解
Is forgiveness against our human nature To answer our question,we need to ask a further question:What is the essence of our humanity For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.The first view involves dominance and power.In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness,Droll (1984)made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows.Those who forgive are against their basic nature,much to their harm. In his opinion,forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others,who might then take advantage of them.
The second view involves the theme of cooperation,mutual respect,and even love as the basis of who we are as humans.Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings,we need both to receive love from and offer love to others.Without love,our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart.Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.For example,how well has slavery(奴隶制) worked as a mode of social harmony
From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans,forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger.At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged(不和的)accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.
As an important note,when we take a Classical philosophical perspective,that of Aristotle,we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality.We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive,but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving,its actual appropriation in conflict situations,develops with practice.
12．What is Droll's idea about forgiveness
A．People should offer mercy to others.
B．Aggressive people should learn to forgive.
C．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity.
D．People who forgive can have their own welfare affected.
13．What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate
A．To forgive is to love. B．To dominate is to harm.
C．To fight is to grow. D．To give is to receive.
14．What is the writer's attitude toward forgiveness
A．Favorable. B．Reserved. C．Objective. D．Skeptical.
15．What is message of the last paragraph
A．Forgiveness is in our nature.
B．Forgiveness grows with time.
C．It takes practice to forgive.
D．Actuality is based on potentiality.
【答案】12．D
13．B
14．A
15．C
【知识点】社会文化类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕"原谅是否违背人类本性"这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.(在一篇关于宽恕心理学的早期论文中，Droll(1984)提出了一个有趣的观点，即人类的本质比宽恕所允许的更具攻击性。那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们。)"可知，Droll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段所举例子上文"Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.(研究人员发现，为了全面成长为人类，我们既需要从别人那里接受爱，也需要向别人提供爱。没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。)"可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦。"For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony (例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用 )"通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. (从作为人类的第二种观点来看，宽恕在个人和社区的生理和心理完整性方面都起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是减少仇恨，恢复和谐。宽恕可以打破愤怒的循环。至少在某种程度上，与你疏远的人接受你的爱和宽恕，并准备做出必要的调整。宽恕可以治愈人际关系，重新连接人际关系。)"可知，作者认为原谅在个体和社区生物学和心理学完整性中的关键作用，指出原谅能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐，并且能够打破愤怒的循环。作者还提到原谅可以治愈关系，让人们重新建立联系。这些观点都表明作者对于原谅持有支持的态度。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice.(值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度，即亚里士多德的角度来看，我们会看到潜在性和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。宽恕的现实性，它在冲突情境中的实际运用，是随着实践而发展的。)"可知，最后一段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选C。
二、第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's no secret that reading good news feels a lot better than reading bad news. Like,would you rather bite into a lemon,or sip on a fresh glass of lemonade
　16． 　The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert(警觉的) to what's going on around us.While reading traditional,more negative news is important,consuming good news is also part of staying informed. 　17． 　And it also brings meaningful benefits,like reduced stress and anxiety, higher rates of engagement,community building skills,and inspiration for creating a better world.Plus,knowing what to look for in the good news landscape is a key part of improving our media literacy skills and being thoughtful news consumers.
In fact,good news,known as solutions journalism,is becoming more popular,as publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories.Good Good Good is one of them. 　18． 　 A team of reporters and editors there work daily to deliver stories that make readers feel hopeful and equipped to do more good with possible solutions.
"If it bleeds,it leads."has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news stories about violence,death and destruction draw readers' attention.　19． 　 The thing is,however,there's also good stuff out there—the delightful and kind parts of humanity."Beautiful stories are happening worldwide.　20． 　When you do find them,the world can suddenly feel like a very different place.Good news is a vital part of how we learn about the world and solving the world's problems."Hervey,one of Good Good Good's editors said.
A.Share good news with people around you.
B.It's just that we don't hear as much about them.
C.But the"bad news"has its place in the world.
D.It provides a more balanced view of the world.
E.And so,negative news stories are everywhere on news media.
F.Heartwarming stories make you cry and feel good.
G.The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally.
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．G；19．E；20．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是读到好消息的好处以及Good Good Good这家媒体公司。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。
16．空后"The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert (警觉的) to what's going on around us. (这个世界充满了问题和冲突，我们需要对周围发生的事情保持了解和警惕。)"说明了这个世界存在一些不好的事情，C选项"But the "bad news" has its place in the world. (但"坏消息"在世界上也有一席之地。)"说明了世界上存在坏消息，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
17．空前"While reading traditional, more negative news is important, consuming good news is also part of staying informed. (虽然阅读传统的、更多的负面新闻很重要，但消费好消息也是保持信息灵通的一部分。)"说明了消费好消息是保持信息灵通的一部分，空后"And it also brings meaningful benefits, like reduced stress and anxiety, higher rates of engagement, community building skills, and inspiration for creating a better world. (它也带来了有意义的好处，比如减少压力和焦虑，提高参与度，社区建设技能，以及创造更美好世界的灵感。)"说明了好消息的好处，空格处也应该是好消息的好处，D选项"It provides a more balanced view of the world. (它提供了一个更平衡的世界观。)"说明了看好消息的好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
18．空前"In fact, good news, known as solutions journalism, is becoming more popular, as publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories. Good Good Good is one of them. (事实上，随着出版商和新闻台发现分享积极故事的好处，被称为"解决方案新闻"的好消息正变得越来越受欢迎。Good Good Good就是其中之一。)"说明了Good Good Good是一家分享积极故事的公司，空格处应该对其进行进一步的介绍，G选项"The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally. (这家新闻媒体公司致力于有意地提供好消息。)"说明了这家公司致力于有意地提供好消息，是对它进行的进一步介绍，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
19．空前""If it bleeds, it leads." has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news stories about violence, death and destruction draw readers' attention. ("如果流血，它就会引导"一直以来都是媒体用来形容有关暴力、死亡和破坏的新闻报道如何吸引读者注意力的说法。)"说明了"If it bleeds, it leads"这句话是媒体用来形容有关暴力、死亡和破坏的新闻报道如何吸引读者注意力的说法，空格处应该说这会引起一个什么结果，E选项"And so, negative news stories are everywhere on news media. (因此，新闻媒体上到处都是负面新闻。)"说明了前面所说内容所导致的结果，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
20．空前"The thing is, however, there's also good stuff out there—the delightful and kind parts of humanity. (然而，事实是，也有好的一面——人性中令人愉快和善良的一面。)"说明了有好的一面，空后"When you do find them, the world can suddenly feel like a very different place. (当你的确找到他们的时候，世界会突然变得不一样。)"表明了你有时候找不到好的一面，B选项"It's just that we don't hear as much about them. (只是我们很少听到关于它们的消息。)"说明我们有时是找不到那些好的方面，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
三、第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past 18 years,my daughter has been around me all the time.Now that she is in college,the 21． of our relationship has totally changed and our relationship is completely 22． .I'm not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her.I won't know when she's mad or when she's happy.Here's a little story of our new 23． .
A week ago,my daughter wanted to 24． so she called me during the day as I was in meetings.I 25． her later on,but she was in class.At midnight,she reached out 26． to ask if we could talk.Well,guess what I was 27． .I thought we would talk the next day,but she was not 28． …
Research shows that parents are 29． when their children are grown up,but for me that is when I start to get concerned.I am always left to 30． ,how can I, as a parent,remain 31． to my daughter to guide,support and love through life's changes
We may have to 32． the way we communicate.My daughter encouraged me to go digital.That's how I ventured into the world of social media,following her updates and occasionally sharing my own experiences.Through this 33． presence,the physical gap is 34． and I feel I still have an active role in her life. This experience serves as a reminder that 35． ,however scary,holds the promise of growth in our shared journey.
21．A．problem B．progress C．goal D．context
22．A．cold B．special C．different D．casual
23．A．normal B．idea C．approach D．solution
24．A．catch up B．take over C．check out D．break away
25．A．visited B．touched C．tried D．emailed
26．A．by taxi B．by text C．in private D．in person
27．A．stupid B．angry C．excited D．asleep
28．A．available B．interested C．ready D．guilty
29．A．saddest B．busiest C．happiest D．best
30．A．decide B．wonder C．investigate D．distinguish
31．A．kind B．appreciative C．sensitive D．relevant
32．A．voice B．ignore C．shift D．continue
33．A．human B．virtual C．physical D．permanent
34．A．widened B．formed C．broken D．bridged
35．A．college B．relationship C．change D．communication
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．A；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．D；28．A；29．C；30．B；31．D；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者与女儿之间关系随着女儿进入大学而发生的变化，以及作者如何适应这种变化并努力维持与女儿的联系。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空的解题技巧如下。利用首句信息来推测语篇主旨；寻找提示信息，重视语境意义；识别语篇标志，理清逻辑关系；利用原词复现，寻找近义词语；利用背景知识来简化判断过程；注意习惯用语，熟记常见句型。
21．句意：既然她已经上大学了，我们关系的背景完全改变了，我们的关系也完全不同了。A. problem问题；B. progress进步；C. goal目标；D. context背景。根据上文"For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)"可推理出此处说的是作者和女儿的关系背景发生了变化，故选D。
22．句意：既然她已经上大学了，我们关系的背景完全改变了，我们的关系也完全不同了。A. cold冷的；B. special特殊的；C. different不同的；D. casual漫不经心的。根据上文"For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)"以及下文"I'm not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her(我不会每天早上都在那里陪她吃早餐了。)"可推理出此处说的是作者和女儿的关系与以前不同了，故选C。
23．句意：这是我们新常态的一个小故事。A. normal常态；B. idea想法；C. approach方法；D. solution解决办法。根据下文"A week ago, my daughter wanted to … so she called me during the day as I was in meetings. I …her later on, but she was in class.(一周前，我女儿想……，所以她白天给我打电话，那时我在开会。我后来……，但是她在上课)"可推理出此处说的是作者与女儿相处的新常态，故选A。
24．句意：一周前，我女儿想和我聊聊天（了解情况），所以在我开会期间她给我打了电话。A. catch up了解；B. take over接管；C. check out结账离开；D. break away突然离开。根据下文"ask if we could talk(询问是否能聊天)"可推理出此处上下文说的是女儿想聊天了解作者的情况，故选A。
25．句意：后来我试着联系她，但她在上课。A. visited拜访；B. touched触摸；C. tried试图；D. emailed发电子邮件。根据下文"but she was in class(但是她在上课)"可推理出作者试图联系女儿，故选C。
26．句意：到了午夜，她发短信问我能否聊聊。A. by taxi坐出租车；B. by text通过短信；C. in private私下地；D. in person亲自。根据下文"ask if we could talk(询问是否能聊天)"结合时间是半夜可推理出女儿通过短信询问作者能否聊天，故选B。
27．句意：我在睡觉。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. angry生气的；C. excited感到兴奋的；D. asleep睡着的。根据上文"At midnight(在午夜)"可推理出作者已经睡着了，故选D。
28．句意：我以为第二天我们能谈话，但是她没空。A. available有空的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. ready准备好的；D. guilty内疚的。根据上文"I thought we would talk the next day, but(我以为第二天我们能谈话，但是……)"可推理出作者的女儿没空，故选A。
29．句意：研究表明，父母在孩子长大后最幸福，但对我来说，这正是我开始担忧的时候。A. saddest最伤心的；B. busiest最忙的；C. happiest最幸福的；D. best最好的。根据下文"but for me that is when I start to get concerned(这正是我开始担忧的时候)"可推理出空白处应填表示"最幸福的"含义的表达，故选C。
30．句意：我总是在想，作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，通过生活的变化来指导、支持和爱护她？A. decide决定；B. wonder想弄明白；C. investigate调查；D. distinguish区分。根据下文"how can I, as a parent, remain relevant to my daughter to guide, support and love through life's changes ( 作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化？)"可知，下文说的是作者试图弄明白的问题，空白处应填表示"想弄明白"含义的表达，故选B。
31．句意：我总是在想，作为父母，我怎样才能保持与女儿的相关性，通过生活的变化来指导、支持和爱护她？A. kind善良的；B. appreciative感激的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. relevant相关联的。根据下文"to guide, support and love through life's changes(指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化)"可知，此处说的是作者希望能帮助孩子指导、支持和爱护她度过生活的变化，希望自己能保持与女儿的生活的相关性，故选D。
32．句意：我们可能需要改变我们的沟通方式。A. voice表达；B. ignore忽视；C. shift改变；D. continue继续。根据下文"My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)"可知此处说的是要改变沟通的方式，故选C。
33．句意：通过这种虚拟存在，物理上的距离被弥合了，我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色。A. human人的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. physical身体的；D. permanent永久的。根据上文"My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)"可知作者接受女儿的建议，使用数字工具，通过虚拟的方式得以仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选B。
34．句意：通过这种虚拟存在，物理上的距离被弥合了，我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色。A. widened加宽；B. formed形成；C. broken破坏；D. bridged弥合。根据上文"the physical gap(物理上的距离)"以及下文"I feel I still have an active role in her life(我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色)"可推理出此处说的是作者通过参与数字工具，得以弥合了物理上的距离，仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选D。
35．句意：这段经历提醒我们，无论变化多么令人害怕，它都承载着我们在共同旅程中成长的希望。A. college学院；B. relationship关系；C. change变化；D. communication沟通。根据上文"For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college(在过去的18年里，我的女儿一直陪在我身边。现在她上了大学)"以及"My daughter encouraged me to go digital.(我女儿鼓励我使用数字工具)"、"I feel I still have an active role in her life(我觉得自己仍然在她生活中扮演着一个积极的角色)"可知，作者的女儿去上大学，两人的关系发生了变化，但是作者采纳女儿的建议使用数字工具，得以弥合了物理上的距离，仍然在女儿的生活中扮演着一个积极的角色，故选C。
四、第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. 　36． 　 is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not,recording every step we take Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits The real questions surround not the 　37． 　(wear),but the wearer.
The challenge for athletes 　38． 　 (look)to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful.If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate "zones,"a wearable can help you do so. However,for professionals and those who are new 　39． 　working out,less is more.
Earlier this month,Sara Hall,a professional marathon runner competing in the U.S. Olympic marathon trials,actually 　40． 　 (throw) away her GPS watch midrace 　41． 　(avoid) distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners,it's more important to learn to listen to your body's signals-tiredness, 　42． 　 (ache),bursts of energy – 　43． 　 to track your pace or heart rate.Depending on what those goals are,there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 　44． 　 (effect),more fun,more convenient.Dr.Ethan Weiss,a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item 　45． 　(attach) at your wrist,like a leash(狗绳) ,is more likely to pull you toward more activity.
【答案】36．But；37．wearable；38．looking；39．to；40．threw；41．to avoid；42．aches；43．than；44．effective；45．attached
【知识点】文娱体育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕可穿戴技术及其对运动员和锻炼者的影响进行了讨论。作者提出了关于可穿戴技术是否真的能最大化锻炼效果的问题，并通过专业马拉松运动员和初学者的例子，探讨了过多依赖数据可能带来的问题。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及对名词，连词，形容词，时态，固定搭配以及非谓语动词多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：但是，我们更多地依赖于技术，记录我们的每一步，这是一件好事吗？空前"We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices."和空后"is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take "之间为转折关系，用连词but连接；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填But。
37．句意：真正的问题不在于可穿戴设备，而在于穿戴者本身。分析句子成分，根据句意可知，空处考查"定冠词+形容词"，表示一类人或事物。本句指的是可穿戴设备，用the+ wearable。故填wearable。
38．句意：对于想要用数据提升比赛水平的运动员而言，面临的挑战是找到最有帮助的信息类型。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词"athlete"和动词"look"之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填looking。
39．句意： 然而，对于专业人士和那些刚开始健身的新手来说，少即是多。 这里的空白处需要填入一个介词，使句子语法正确且意思通顺。由于"be new to"是一个常用的短语，表示"对……来说是新的"或"刚开始做……"，因此在这个句子中，"new to working out"意味着"刚开始健身"。故填to。
40．句意：本月早些时候，参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为了避免分心，竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语"earlier this month"可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填threw。
41．句意：本月早些时候，参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为了避免分心，竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to avoid。
42．句意：同样，对于跑步初学者来说，学会倾听你身体的信号——疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发——比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。分析句子成分可知，ache"疼痛"为可数名词，应用名词的复数形式。故填aches。
43．句意：同样，对于跑步初学者来说，学会倾听你身体的信号——疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发——比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。根据上文的"more important"可知，空处填"than"，构成固定搭配：more…than…，意为"比……更……"，符合句意。故填than。
44．句意：根据目标的不同，可能会有一些成本更低、更有趣、更方便的方法来实现这些目标。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，和下文"fun、convenient"并列，作表语。故填effective。
45．句意：加州大学的内科医生 Ethan Weiss博士告诉他的病人，在手腕上系一条不同的东西，比如皮带，更有可能把你拉向更多的活动。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词"a different item"和动词"attach"之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填attached。
五、第四部分 写 作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)
46．（2024·杭州模拟）本学期你校开设了每周一节的英语文学阅读课，请你就此写一篇短文向学校英文报 "Student Voice"栏目投稿，内容包括：
1.课程介绍(目的、内容、上课方式等);
2.你的收获。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
English Literature Reading Class Opens a New World
【答案】English Literature Reading Class Opens a New World
I'm excited to share my experience with the weekly English Literature Reading class.
Starting this semester,the class is designed specifically for us to enhance our English proficiency.Each wee ek this class unfolds with a new literary masterpiece ranging from classic novels to contemporary poetry.Through interactive discussions,group readings,and insightful analysis,we are able to explore the depths of literary.Not only does literature reading give me great enjoyment,but Ive honed critical thinking skills.
Moreover,the class has sparked a newfound passion for literature within me,igniting my desire to explore further in the vast world of English letters.It has undoubtedly been a highlight of this academic semester.
【知识点】文字式应用文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文向学校英文报"Student Voice"栏目投稿，介绍英语文学阅读课以及自己的收获。
1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
提高：enhance→improve/promote/boost
另外：moreover→furthermore/in addition/besides/what's more
无疑：undoubtedly→beyond doubt
热情：passion→flame/warmth/enthusiasm
强调：highlight→emphasize/stress
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Starting this semester, the class is designed specifically for us to enhance our English proficiency.
拓展句：The class, which started this semester, is designed specifically for us to enhance our English proficiency.
高分句型1 Not only does literature reading give me great enjoyment, but I've honed critical thinking skills. (运用了部分倒装结构)
高分句型2 Moreover, the class has sparked a newfound passion for literature within me, igniting my desire to explore further in the vast world of English letters. (运用了现在分词短语作状语)
【点评】在写作时，要求考生合理谋篇布局，有效的使用语句间的衔接成分，使全文结构紧凑。尽可能使用高级词汇和较为复杂的句子结构。要遵循以下原则：条理性原则，短语优先原则，多实少虚原则以及多变句式原则等。
六、第二节(满分25分)
47．（2024·杭州模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"I'll bet Anjali knows.Right,Anjali Why don't you show us since you're the star student,"Deepak taunted(奚落) .
Anjali was confused.She wasn't trying to show off.She was just playing tabla( 印 度塔不拉鼓),like everyone else.And why was Deepak being so mean lately Is it because tabla is a boy's thing She didn't care that people thought it was a boys' instrument.Anjali knew there was no such thing.She danced her fingers across the tabla to perform the composition in confusion."Ugh!"Anjali heard someone groan, and she stopped playing.
"I guess I don't know it that well after all,"Anjali said sheepishly to the teacher, Mr.Zakir.Her stomach was doing flip-flops.That wasn't true.Not even a little.Mr. Zakir's eyes narrowed.He looked like he was about to say something,but changed his mind."The recital( 演奏会 ) is next week,everyone.Keep practicing.I will be announcing who will get to perform onstage with me at my next concert!"Anjali had dreamed of a moment like that.She wanted to win the opportunity,but she needed to sort things straight with Deepak first.
As the class was dismissed,Anjali hurried over to Deepak.When she finally made eye contact with him,he purposely looked away and walked off.The next day at school,Anjali overheard Deepak whispering to Mary."People are only interested because she's the only girl in tabla class and they want her to feel special.She's not that good—"Anjali was furious.She excused herself and went to the bathroom.She took some deep breaths but couldn't relax.Her heart was pounding:
"It's not my fault that people make a big deal about a girl playing tabla.I make mistakes too,but I work really hard.Maybe he should too.He should be less mean and practice more."
"If I play in this concert,no one will talk to me again.He will turn everyone against me."
"I don't want to see a tabla or hear a tabla or play a tabla EVER AGAIN!!" Anjali yelled at the mirror.It was quiet for a moment.She believed it was one of her darkest days ever.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Stepping out of the bathroom,Anjali saw some inspiring posters on the wall.
After the recital,Deepak walked up to Anjali.
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Stepping out of the bathroom,Anjali saw some inspiring posters on the wall. One of them illustrated with several instruments and a quote"Never dim your light."For that very moment,Anjali thought about how she was mesmerized the first time she saw someone playing tabla,by the beautiful sounds he was creating with his hands. She knew that tabla was meant for her.When the day of the recital finally arrived,Anjali was determined to do her very best,regardless of the outcome.She was not going to let anyone make her feel bad,whether it was for being good at something or for being a girl.And as expected,she delivered a flawless performance.
Paragraph 2:
After the recital,Deepak walked up to Anjali."Very impressive."He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealous because tabla should be a boy's instrument.Anjali shrugged,"You know there is no such thing."As Anjali took one last look at the stage,she felt such a relief.Under the spotlight was the set of tabla,glittering on the stage just as she did a few minutes earlier.Among countless compliments and congratulations from the audience,Anjali heard a little sweet voice,"Bravo,Anjali!!"She turned to find a little girl looking up at her."I didn't know girls could play tabla,"she said."Girls can do everything boys do,"Anjali beamed,"Never dim your light.
【知识点】读后续写；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Anjali是印度塔不拉鼓班上唯一的女生，虽然她很努力，但是她受到了Deepak的奚落，Anjali告诉老师Mr. Zakir自己不是很会塔不拉鼓，Mr. Zakir通知下周会有独奏会，叫同学们继续练习，Anjali一直梦想着这样的时刻，她想赢得这个机会，但她需要先和Deepak把事情理清楚，她偶然听到了Deepak和玛丽的窃窃私语，他们认为人们对Anjali感兴趣只是因为Anjali是手鼓课上唯一的女孩，Anjali觉得如果自己在这场音乐会上演奏，就没有人会再和自己说话了。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容"走出浴室，Anjali看到墙上一些鼓舞人心的海报。"可知，第一段可描写Anjali看到海报后的一些想法以及她参加了音乐会。
②由第二段首句内容"演奏会结束后，Deepak走向Anjali。"可知，第二段可描写Deepak向Anjali道歉以及Anjali的事情对其他人的鼓舞。
2.续写线索：想起第一次听到塔不拉鼓的情形——决定尽力——表演很完美——Deepak道歉——Anjali如释重负——一个小女孩受到鼓舞
3.词汇激活
行为类
（1）想起：think about/think of
（2）决定：be determined to do/decide to do
（3）评述：remark/comment
情绪类
（1）尴尬：awkwardly/embarrassedly
（2）笑：beam/grin
高分句型1 For that very moment, Anjali thought about how she was mesmerized the first time she saw someone playing tabla, by the beautiful sounds he was creating with his hands. (由how引导的宾语从句，the first time引导的时间状语从句)
高分句型2 He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealous because tabla should be a boy's instrument.(由that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
【点评】1．续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到"字迹工整、清晰"。
2．在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
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