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成都八中2023-2024学年下学期第四次模拟考试
高三英语
(考试时间： 120分钟 试卷满分： 150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分.满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. What is the man doing
A. Shopping. B. Ordering. C. Cooking.
2. How will the woman help the man
A. By turning on the music.
B. By reducing his workload.
C. By getting him something to drink.
3. What time does the woman usually start work
A At 6:30 a. m. B. At 7:00 a. m C. At 7:30 a. m.
4. What type of art does the man find beautiful
A. Traditional art. B. Realistic art. C. Modern art.
5. What does the man suggest
A. Five courses may be too many.
B. It would be wiser to take more courses...
C. Only four courses will be offered in the new term.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22,5 分),
听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
听第6段材料，回答第6：7题.
6. Why does Penny make the call
A. To ask the man about the homework.
B. To remind the man about maths books.
C. To inform the man about the English test.
X. What test are the speakers going to take on Friday
A. Science. B. English. C. Maths.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题.
8. What does the man say about his coat
A. It’s sort of tight.
B. It has a great color.
C. It has been washed by his mother.
9. What time of day is it. now“
A. Evening. B Afternoon. C Morning.
10. Where are the speakers probably
A. At a clothing shop. B. At school. C. At home.
听第8段材料， 回答第11至13题.
11. Why is the woman in New York City
A. To visit her families. B. To go on a business trip. C. To complete her business course.
12. What is the woman doing
A. Visiting an apartment. B. Looking for new furniture.
C. Buying household appliances.
13. What does the man say about the neighborhood
A. It’s new. B. It’s popular. C. It’s quiet.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题.
14. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
15. Where are the speakers
A. In Central Africa. B. In Southern Asia. C. In Northern Europe
16. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The Earth. B. The Sun. C. The Moon.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.
Where did the speaker read his first comic
A. At a hotel. B. On a bus. C. In a bookshop.
18. What types of comics did the speaker often read as a child
A. Cartoon comics. B. Superhero comics. C. Time travel comics.
19. How does the speaker currently feel about comics
A. Uninterested. B: Eager. C. Indifferent.
20. What does the speaker do
A. A soldier. B. A comic actor. C. A shop owner
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Yunnan offers exciting experiences of unique customs. If you are already planning to visit Yunnan, see our festival tours.
The Torch (火把) Festival
Date: July /August (days 24 to 26 of the sixth lunar month)
Location: Lijiang
It is a traditional festival among the Yi, Naxi, and Bai minority (少数民族) groups. According to the ancient rule of the Naxi people, the Torch Festival should last three days, and every family should light a big torch in front of their doors for the three days.
Recommended Tour: 3-Day Ancient Lijiang Tour
The Water Splashing (泼酒) Festival
Date: April 13 to 15
Location: Xishuangbanna
It is the most important festival observed by the Dai people of Xishuangbanna in southen Yunnan. It involves splashing water, lantern floating and other joyful activities.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Xishaungbanna Tour
The Horse Race Festival
Date: May/June (5th of the fifth lunar month)
Location: Shangri-la
Falling on the same date as the Dragon Boat Festival, it is the biggest gathering of Tibetans in Yunnan and usually lasts about 3 days. During the celebrations, traditional performances and competitions like horse racing and wrestling (摔跤) will beheld.
Recommended tour: 8-Day Yunnan Tour of the Nu River and Tengchong
The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group
Date: April /May(days 15 to 21 of the third lunar month)
Location: Dali
It is one of the most important festivals celebrated by the Bai people in Dali in western Yunnan. During the March Fair, the streets of Dali Ancient Town are packed with people selling amazing minority items.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Yunnan Minorities Tour
1. What do the Torch Festival and the Water Splashing Festival have in common
A. The date. B. The location.
C The lasting time D. The celebratory events.
2. Which festival will you attend if you like to buy local gifts while travelling
A. The Torch Festival. B. The Water Splashing Festival.
C. The Horse Race Festival. D. The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A business research. B. A newspaper report.
C. An educational magazine. D. An advertising leaflet.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了去云南旅行时人们可以参加的几个节日。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Torch (火把) Festival部分中的“Date: July /August (days 24 to 26 of the sixth lunar month)(日期：七月/八月（农历六月二十四至二十六）)”和The Water Splashing (泼酒) Festival部分中的“Date: April 13 to 15(日期：4月13日至15日)”可知，火把节和泼水节的相同之处在于它们都持续三天，即持续时间相同，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group部分中的“During the March Fair, the streets of Dali Ancient Town are packed with people selling amazing minority items.(三月集市期间，大理古城的街道上挤满了出售令人惊叹的少数民族商品的人。)”可知，如果你想在旅行时购买当地的礼物，你可以参加The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group.这个节日，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Yunnan offers exciting experiences of unique customs. If you are already planning to visit Yunnan, see our festival tours.(云南提供令人兴奋的独特习俗体验。如果您已经计划去云南，请查看我们的节日之旅。)”可知，文章主要介绍了去云南旅行时人们可以参加的几个节日，由此可推知，该文章可能选自一张旅游广告传单。故选D。
B
Remember solar roadways, where solar panels were embedded(嵌入) in roads The idea of the solar roadway seems attractive because the solar resource is everywhere, and someday there will be a lot of electric cars that will need charging. But for me, the idea has little to recommend it. There is another kind of road — the railway — that might be a much better place for solar panels. And that’s what is happening in Germany, where the British company Bankset Energy is installing solar panels between the rails.
As estimated, 100 kilowatts of electricity can be generated per kilometer of railway line. Since the rail network in Germany is over 60,000 kilometers long, the power that can be generated is comparable to the output of five nuclear power plants in total.
But, why is putting solar panels is a railway better than a roadway Trains generally stay on the rails, so there is no need to have solar panels designed to take any serious load. Although there is a serious amount of vibration, the panels wouldn’t shake apart. Railways usually own their rights of way and restrict access, so they have much better control. They also own the electrical infrastructure, which is right overhead and can directly use the electricity. German railways have been trying to justify hydrogen-powered trains because it was too expensive to electrify many of their lines. Turning their rail beds into power sources might change the economics.
On the other hand, rail rights of way are generally a lot wider than the tracks; it might make more sense to fix the panels next to the tracks, pointing in the right direction instead of lying flat. German Rail is already a huge consumer of solar power from more conventional installations.
4. What does the author think of solar roadways
A. He thinks they are attractive.
B. He shows disapproval of them.
C. He believes they are underused
D. He figures they are energy-saving.
5. What can we infer from the numbers in paragraph2
A. The solar railway has won wide recognition.
B. Germany is leading the world in rail transportation.
C. Fixing solar panels on railways in better than on roadways
D. The solar railway has great potential for generating electricity
6. What is the advantage of solar railways over solar roadways
A. The length of the railway.
B. The lower installation costs.
C. The safety of the solar panels.
D. The wider use of the electricity.
7. Which one could be the best title for the text
A. German roadways start to go downhill.
B. Solar railways are coming down the line.
C. German railway are facing a great challenge.
D. Solar energy becomes a cost-competitive alternative
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章以德国太阳能铁路举例，介绍了太阳能铁路比起太阳能公路的众多优点。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But for me, the idea has little to recommend it. There is another kind of road —the railway—that might be a much better place for solar panels. And that’s what is happening in Germany, where the British company Bankset Energy is installing solar panels between the rails.(但对我来说，这个想法没有什么可取之处。还有另一种道路——铁路——可能是安装太阳能电池板更好的地方。这就是德国正在发生的事情，英国班克赛特能源公司正在铁轨之间安装太阳能电池板)”可知，作者不支持太阳能公路。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As estimated, 100 kilowatts of electricity can be generated per kilometer of railway line. Since the rail network in Germany is over 60,000 kilometers long, the power that can be generated is comparable to the output of five nuclear power plants in total.(据估计，每公里铁路线可产生100千瓦的电力。德国的铁路网长度超过6万公里，因此产生的电力相当于5座核电站的总和)”可推知，太阳能铁路具有巨大的发电潜力。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Trains generally stay on the rails, so there is no need to have solar panels designed to take any serious load. Although there is a serious amount of vibration, the panels wouldn’t shake apart. Railways usually own their rights of way and restrict access, so they have much better control.(火车通常在轨道上行驶，所以没有必要设计太阳能电池板来承受任何严重的负荷。虽然有很大的震动，但面板不会晃动开来。铁路公司通常拥有路权并限制进入，所以他们有更好的控制)”可知，太阳能铁路优于太阳能公路的地方在于太阳能电池板的安全性更大。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There is another kind of road —the railway—that might be a much better place for solar panels. And that’s what is happening in Germany, where the British company Bankset Energy is installing solar panels between the rails.(还有另一种道路——铁路——可能是安装太阳能电池板更好的地方。这就是德国正在发生的事情，英国班克赛特能源公司正在铁轨之间安装太阳能电池板)”及全文内容可知，本文用德国太阳能铁路举例，介绍了太阳能铁路的众多优点，B选项“太阳能铁路即将建成”适合作为最佳标题。故选B。
C
We often think about relationships on a scale from positive to negative. We are drawn to loving family members, caring classmates and supportive mentors. We do our best to avoid the cruel uncle, the playground bully and the jerk boss.
But the most toxic relationships aren’t the purely negative ones. They’re the ones that are a mix of positive and negative. We often call them frenemies, supposed friends who sometimes help you and sometimes hurt you. But ifs not just friends. It’s the in-laws who volunteer to watch your kids but belittle your parenting. The manager who praises your work but denies you a promotion.
Everyone knows how relationships like that can tie your stomach into a knot. But groundbreaking research led by the psychologists Bert Uchino and Julianne Holt-Lunstad shows that ambivalent (矛盾情绪的) relationships can be damaging to your health — even more than purely negative relationships.
I had assumed that with a neighbor or a colleague, having some positive interactions was better than all negative interactions. But being cheered on by the same person who cuts you down doesn’t reduce the bad feelings; it increases them. And it’s not just in your head: It leaves a trace in your heart and your blood.
Even a single ambivalent interaction can cause harm. In one experiment, people gave impromptu speeches on controversial topics in front of a friend who offered feedback. The researchers had randomly assigned the friend to give ambivalent or negative comments. Receiving mixed feedback caused higher blood pressure than pure criticism. “I would have gone about the topic differently, but you’re doing fine” proved to be more distressing than “I totally disagree with everything you’ve said.”
The evidence that ambivalent relationships can be bad for us is strong, but the reasons can be harder to read — just like the relationships themselves.
The most intuitive reason is that ambivalent relationships are unpredictable. With a clear enemy, you put up a shield when you cross paths. With a frenemy, you never know whether Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde is going to show up. Feeling unsure can disrupt the body’s calming system and activate a fight-or-flight response. It’s unsettling to hope for a hug while also preparing for a likely quarrel.
Another factor is that unpleasant interactions are more painful in an ambivalent relationship. It’s more upsetting to be let down by people you like sometimes than by people you dislike all the time. When someone stabs you in the back, it stings more if he’s been friendly to your face.
8. Which of the following can be counted as a frenemy
A. Your neighbour’s kid who advises you to study hard but idles away his own time.
B. Your classmate who admires your diligence at first, but doubts your intelligence later.
C. Your mother’s friend who encourages you to spend more time on homework but less on smart phones.
D. Your father’s colleague who proposes you to do a moderate amount of homework while ensuring adequate sleep.
9. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage
A. Ambivalent relationships have a permanent effect on your well-being.
B. The common cause for high blood pressure is ambivalent relationship.
C. Ambivalent interactions will be more painful if it is done consciously.
D. The negative impact of ambivalent interactions is direct and strong.
10. The underlined word “belittle” in paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. devalue B. appreciate C. respect D. abuse
11 Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A. Some Negative Relationships Are Bad for Your Health
B. Your Most Ambivalent Relationships Are the Most Toxic
C. The Reasons for Ambivalent Relationships Are Unpredictable
D. Some Positive Relationships Are Better than All Negative Ones
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究发现最有害的人际关系不是纯粹负面的关系，而是混合了正面和负面情绪的关系。这种关系被称为“亦敌亦友”的关系，即有时帮助你，有时伤害你的关系。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“They’re the ones that are a mix of positive and negative. We often call them frenemies, supposed friends who sometimes help you and sometimes hurt you. But ifs not just friends. It’s the in-laws who volunteer to watch your kids but belittle your parenting. The manager who praises your work but denies you a promotion.(他们是一种混合了正面和负面情绪的关系。我们通常称他们为“亦敌亦友”，即有时帮助你，有时伤害你的关系。但不仅仅是朋友。还有那些自愿帮你照顾孩子但却轻视你育儿方法的姻亲，还有那些赞美你的工作但却不给你晋升机会的经理。)”可知，“亦敌亦友”的人指的是有时候帮助你，有时候伤害你的关系。选项B“Your classmate who admires your diligence at first, but doubts your intelligence later.(你的同学，一开始钦佩你的勤奋，但后来怀疑你的智力。)”符合这一表述。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But being cheered on by the same person who cuts you down doesn’t reduce the bad feelings; it increases them. And it’s not just in your head: It leaves a trace in your heart and your blood.(但是，被击倒你的同一个人鼓舞并不能减少你的不良情绪；它增加了它们。它不仅存在于你的头脑中，还会在你的心脏和血液中留下痕迹。)”以及文章第五段“Even a single ambivalent interaction can cause harm. In one experiment, people gave impromptu speeches on controversial topics in front of a friend who offered feedback. The researchers had randomly assigned the friend to give ambivalent or negative comments. Receiving mixed feedback caused higher blood pressure than pure criticism. “I would have gone about the topic differently, but you’re doing fine” proved to be more distressing than “I totally disagree with everything you’ve said.”(即使是一个矛盾的相互作用也会造成伤害。在一项实验中，人们在一位朋友面前就有争议的话题即兴演讲，这位朋友提供反馈。研究人员随机安排这位朋友给出矛盾或负面的评论。接受褒贬不一的反馈比接受纯粹的批评更容易导致高血压。比起“我完全不同意你所说的一切”，“我本来可以换个方式来讨论这个话题，但是你做得很好”被证明更令人沮丧。)”可推测，矛盾相互作用的负面影响是直接的，强烈的。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“The manager who praises your work but denies you a promotion.(表扬你的工作却不给你升职的经理。)”可知，这类人帮助你又会贬低你。划线单词上文“watch your kids”是帮助，由此可推测，划线单词的意思和“批评”相似。选项A“devalue (贬低)”；选项B“appreciate (欣赏)”；选项C“respect (尊重)”；选项D“abuse (滥用)”。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Everyone knows how relationships like that can tie your stomach into a knot. But groundbreaking research led by the psychologists Bert Uchino and Julianne Holt-Lunstad shows that ambivalent (矛盾情绪的) relationships can be damaging to your health — even more than purely negative relationships.(每个人都知道这样的关系会让你的胃打个结。但由心理学家Bert Uchino和Julianne Holt-Lunstad领导的开创性研究表明，矛盾的关系可能对你的健康有害 —— 甚至比纯粹的消极关系更有害。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是矛盾的关系才是最有害的。故选B。
D
If asked if space exploration should continue, most Americans would give an immediate response either in favor of continuing or in favor of ending space exploration. A common response would be that space exploration is a waste of money. An average American, uneducated on the subject,might believe that the government is wasting billions of dollars on the research that has no value.Someone strange to the subject might say that a space shuttle goes up once in a while and that is about all that happens. Research is ongoing and continues when there are no shuttles being launched. This also costs the government money. Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense
One argument is that the government is wasting money on the research not being used on Earth. Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists that support National Acronauics and Space Administration (NASA) missions, and goes to major companies that play important roles in major sectors of the US economy. Boeing is a partner of NASA for aircraft, the same company that makes commercial aircraft for the airline industry.
Another benefit to continuing space exploration is the many technologies it provides ides. The artificial heart resulted from experiments on the space shuttle. The handheld Jaws of Life used to save victims from car accidents resulted from the system used to separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets. Insulation (隔热板) in homes that keeps them warm and energy efficient is based on the technology used to insulate the space shuttle.
There are direct benefits to the economy provided by NASA missions as well as those technologies. These advances are found in food, building materials, medical procedures and the vehicles we drive. While it can be proven that billions of dollars that could be used elsewhere is being spent on space exploration, the benefits it provides outweigh the terrible aspects. As a matter of fact,the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives. .
12. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed
A. By offering analyses. B. By making comparisons.
C By listing figures. D. By presenting research findings.
13. The function of Jaws of Life is to________.
A. save people from traffic accidents
B. do experiments on the space shuttle
C. keep houses warm and energy efficient
D. separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets
14. In the author’s opinion, space exploration .
A. has changed our life completely B. benefits us in many ways
C. costs too much of our time D. has nothing to do with us
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Benefits of space exploration. B. How to make space exploration affordable
C. Is space exploration worth the cost D. Missions of the NASA space shuttle program.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。很多美国人对政府投入巨资用于太空研究存在疑问，那么这是否值得呢？本文作者就此问题指出了将钱投入太空研究的诸多好处，如经济航班的使用，还有太空研究所提供的许多技术，以及带来的经济利益等。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“One argument is that the government is wasting money on the research not being used on Earth. Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists that support National Acronauics and Space Administration (NASA) missions, and goes to major companies that play important roles in major sectors of the US economy. Boeing is a partner of NASA for aircraft, the same company that makes commercial aircraft for the airline industry. (一种说法是，政府是在把钱浪费在没有在地球上使用的研究上。实际上，这些钱流向了支持美国国家航空航天局（NASA）任务的工人和科学家，流向了在美国经济主要领域发挥重要作用的大公司。波音公司是美国国家航空航天局的飞机合作伙伴，也是为航空业制造商用飞机的同一家公司)”可推知，第二段采取的主要写作手法是分析说明。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The handheld Jaws of Life used to save victims from car accidents resulted from the system used to separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets. (手持式救生颚用于拯救车祸中的受害者，这些事故是由用于分离航天飞机及其助推器火箭的系统造成的)”可知，救生颚的作用是用来拯救出车祸的人。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Another benefit to continuing space exploration is the many technologies it provides ides.(继续进行太空探索的另一个好处是它提供了许多技术)”以及最后一段“There are direct benefits to the economy provided by NASA missions as well as those technologies. These advances are found in food, building materials, medical procedures and the vehicles we drive. While it can be proven that billions of dollars that could be used elsewhere is being spent on space exploration, the benefits it provides outweigh the terrible aspects. As a matter of fact, the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives. (美国国家航空航天局的任务以及这些技术为经济提供了直接的好处。这些进步存在于食品、建筑材料、医疗程序和我们驾驶的车辆中。虽然可以证明，数十亿美元本可以用在其他地方的资金正在用于太空探索，但它带来的好处超过了可怕的方面。事实上，花的钱有助于提高我们的生活质量)”可推知，作者认为太空探索有很多好处。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense (太空探索的巨大成本有意义吗？)”以及文章最后一句“As a matter of fact, the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives. (事实上，花的钱有助于提高我们的生活质量)”结合本文主要是在讨论用于太空探索的钱花得值不值这一问题。故C项“是否值得花那么多钱太空探索？”概括了文章主旨，适合做标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分 10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.
Consumer behavior is the study of how people make purchase decisions to satisfy their needs or desires and how their emotional, mental and behavioral responses influence the buying decision. By understanding it, businesses can make their marketing efforts to focus on specific groups, improve brand images, and predict the trends. ___16___ Anyway, understanding consumer behavior is vital to any successful marketing strategy.
___17___ Among them, marketing campaigns influence purchasing decisions a lot. If done right and regularly, with the right marketing message, they can even persuade consumers to change brands or choose more expensive alternatives.
For expensive products, like houses or cars, economic conditions play a big part. ___18___ The consumer’s decision — making process is longer for expensive purchases and it can be influenced by more personal factors at the same time.
Consumer behavior can also be influenced by personal factors: likes, dislikes, morals, and values. In industries like fashion or food, personal opinions are especially powerful. Of course, advertisements can influence behavior. However, finally, consumers choices are greatly influenced by their preferences. ___19___
Last but not least, our purchasing power plays a significant role in influencing our behavior. Unless you’re a billionaire, you’ll consider your budget before making a purchase decision. ___20___ However, if you don’t have the money for it, you won’t buy it.
A. Education levels and social factors can have an impact.
B. Consumer behavior is often influenced by different factors.
C. The product might be excellent and the marketing could be great.
D. This knowledge can also help businesses stay ahead of their competition.
E. Vegetarians, no matter how many hamburger ads they see, won’t start eating meat.
F. A positive economic environment can make consumers willing to buy them.
G. A consumer purchases a different product just because he or she wants to seek diversity.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了解消费者的行为对于成功的营销策略的重要性。
【16题详解】
上文“Consumer behavior is the study of how people make purchase decisions to satisfy their needs or desires and how their emotional, mental and behavioral responses influence the buying decision. By understanding it, businesses can make their marketing efforts to focus on specific groups, improve brand images, and predict the trends. (消费者行为是研究人们如何做出购买决定来满足他们的需求或欲望，以及他们的情感、心理和行为反应如何影响购买决定。通过了解它，企业可以使他们的营销努力集中在特定的群体，提高品牌形象，并预测趋势。)”说明了解消费者的行为对于营销策略意义重大，选项D“这些知识还可以帮助企业在竞争中保持领先地位。”承接上文，继续说明了解消费者的行为的重要作用。故选D项。
【17题详解】
下文“Among them, marketing campaigns influence purchasing decisions a lot. If done right and regularly, with the right marketing message, they can even persuade consumers to change brands or choose more expensive alternatives. (其中，营销活动对购买决策的影响很大。如果做得好，有规律，加上正确的营销信息，它们甚至可以说服消费者更换品牌或选择更昂贵的替代品。)”等内容说明消费者行为会受到营销等不同因素的影响，选项B“消费者行为经常受到不同因素的影响。”概括引领下文。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“For expensive products, like houses or cars, economic conditions play a big part. (对于昂贵的产品，如房子或汽车，经济状况起着很大的作用。)”说明经济状况决定着消费者会不会购买昂贵的产品，选项F“积极的经济环境可以使消费者愿意购买。”承接上文，说明积极的经济状况可以使消费者愿意购买昂贵产品。选项中A positive economic environment和上文中economic conditions语义一致，故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“Of course, advertisements can influence behavior. However, finally, consumers choices are greatly influenced by their preferences. (当然，广告可以影响人们的行为。然而，最后，消费者的选择很大程度上受到他们的偏好的影响。)”说明虽然广告可以起作用，但是消费者的选择受到偏好的影响，选项E“素食者，不管他们看到多少汉堡包广告，都不会开始吃肉。”举例说明上文观点，因为消费者是素食偏好，所以肉类广告并不起作用。故选E项。
【20题详解】
下文“However, if you don’t have the money for it, you won’t buy it. (然而，如果你没有钱，你就不会买它。)”转折语义，说明如果没钱就不会买，选项C“产品可能很好，营销也可能很好。”与下文之间存在转折关系，产品好，营销也好，但是消费者没钱就不会买。故选C项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
Our neighborhood was struck by a fierce storm just several days ago. Staring out of the window I witnessed a tree being ___21___ by the violent winds. The branches bent, and swayed back and forth, thanks to their ___22___ to avoid breaking. The leaves desperately stuck to the branches since their life ___23___ the tree. The powerful trunk that ___24___ the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to ___25___ its position.
One and half an hours had passed and the storm came to a stop. The tree gracefully returned to its ___26___ position standing tall among the chaos. It succeeded in ___27___ the storm. It didn’t look the same, for leaves had shed from its branches with the soil loosened a bit, but what ___28___ is that the tree won the fight for its life.
For a long time I really wondered why this tree ___29___ my attention the way it did. As time passed, it became ___30___ that it wasn’t just about the tree but about the roots, which, although unseen, dug deep into the soil providing ___31___ and nutrition. The roots allow the tree to be able to take a ___32___ because they are there to support it.
I couldn’t help but reflect by asking myself how deep the roots are in my life. ___33___ , the next time you catch your kids ___34___ , when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid and the ___35___ is tight, and when the storms of life are raging, go back to your roots. Life is full of ___36___ . They will make you sway, make you ___37___ , make you lose some leaves but the deeper your roots dig the stronger you stand.
Facing ___38___ you might bend but don’t break. No matter how hard the wind blows, don’t let life ___39___ you into an undesirable position. Your ___40___ lies in your roots.
21. A. broken B. abused C. crushed D. removed
22. A. height B. thickness C. power D. flexibility
23. A. answered for B. decided on C. depended on D. catered for
24. A. held B. tied C. pulled D. lifted
25. A. achieve B. reach C. establish D. maintain
26. A. suitable B. ultimate C. Original D. comfortable
27. A. exploring B. avoiding C. competing D. Surviving
28. A. counts B. differs C. concerns D. reveals
29. A. fixed B. aroused C. struck D. caught
30. A. familiar B. apparent C. significant D. reasonable
31. A. surroundings B. stability C. sources D. probability
32. A. beating B. stand C. chance D. turning
33. A. However B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Besides
34. A. misbehaving B. struggling C. withdrawing D. misunderstanding
35. A. security B. schedule C. money D. deadline
36. A. surprises s B. choices C. storms D. changes
37. A. collapse B. bend C. hesitate D. ache
38. A. changes B. challenges C. responsibilities D. differences
39. A. trick B. lead C. force D. admit
40. A. courage B. ambition C. value D. strength
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了在一场猛烈的风暴中，一棵树借着灵活的枝干和坚固的树干，努力保持站立，并最终在风暴后恢复生机。作者通过这棵树反思了自己的生活，并强调了根深才能立稳的重要性。无论生活中面对多大的困难，只要保持坚持不懈、根深蒂固，生命的力量就会得以展现。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向窗外望去，看见一棵树被狂风肆虐着。A. broken破坏；B. abused虐待；C. crushed压碎；D. removed移走。根据下文“by the violent winds”可知，该树被大风疯狂肆虐着。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：树枝弯曲，来回摆动，多亏了它们的柔韧性，才得以避免折断。A. height高度；B. thickness厚度；C. power功率；D. flexibility柔韧性，灵活性。根据上文“The branches bent, and swayed back and forth”可知，树枝弯曲，树的柔韧性避免它被折断。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：树叶紧紧附在树枝上，因为它们的生命依赖于树。A. answered for为……负责；B. decided on决定； C. depended on依赖……；D. catered for迎合……。根据上文“The leaves desperately stuck to the branches”可知，狂风肆虐，树叶紧紧附在树枝上，因为它们的生命依赖于树。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：强大的树干支撑着树，使得它在保持自己位置的战斗中，只是向后弯曲。A. held举着，支撑；B. tied 捆绑；C. pulled拉；D. lifted抬起。根据下文“the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle”可知，强大的树干支撑着树，保持着自己的位置。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. achieve实现；B. reach达到；C. establish建立；D. maintain维持。根据“its position”可知，强大的树干支撑着树，使得它在狂风中保持自己的位置。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：风暴过后，这棵树又优雅地回到了原来的位置，高高耸立在一片狼藉中。A. suitable合适的；B. ultimate终极的；C. original原始的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据前文“The powerful trunk that ___4___ the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to ___5___ its position.”以及可知“returned to”可知，这棵树在狂风中有强大的树干支撑着，保持着自己的位置，只是稍微向后弯曲，然后又回到了原来的位置。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它努力在风暴中生存下来。A. exploring探索；B. avoiding避免；C. competing竞争；D. surviving生存。根据前文“The tree gracefully returned to its ___6___ position standing tall among the chaos.”以及“but what ___8___ is that the tree won the fight for its life.”可知，暴风肆虐，这棵树在暴风中依旧保持自己的位置，不惧狂风，虽然土壤松动了一点，叶子掉了一点，但是成功地生存下来。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它看起来不一样了，因为土壤松动了一点，树枝上的叶子也掉了，但重要的是，这棵树赢得了生存的斗争。A. counts计算，重要的是；B. differs不同；C. concerns涉及；D. reveals揭示。根据“but”可知，句子前后构成转折关系，即虽然土壤松动了一点，树枝上的叶子也掉了，但是这棵树生存了下来。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间我都不明白，为什么这棵树会以这种方式引起我的注意。A. fixed 安装，修理；B. aroused激起；C. struck打击；D. caught捕捉。根据“my attention”可知，这棵树抓住了作者的注意力。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，很明显，这不仅仅与树有关，还与根有关，根虽然看不见，但深深地扎进了土壤，提供了稳定性和营养。A. familiar熟悉的；B. apparent明显的；C. significant重要的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“that it wasn’t just about the tree but about the roots, which, although unseen, dug deep into the soil providing ___11___ and nutrition.”可知，吸引作者注意力的不是树本身，而是它看不见的根，这很明显地吸引了作者。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. surroundings周围环境；B. stability稳定性；C. sources来源；D. probability概率。根据后文“The roots allow the tree to be able to take a ___12___ because they are there to support it.”可知，树根允许树能够经受挫折，因为有它们在支持这棵树，因此树根为树提供了稳定性。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：树根允许树能够经受挫折，因为有它们在支持它。A. beating击打，挫折；B. stand站立 C. chance机会；D. turning转向。根据前文“Staring out of the window I witnessed a tree being ___1___ by the violent winds.”可知，是树根允许树木经得起狂风的击打，take a beat为固定短语，意为“受打击，经受挫折”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，下一次当你发现你的孩子行为不端时，当你的工作快把你逼疯时，当你的工资过低，你的钱又很紧张时，当生命的风暴肆虐时，回到你的根部。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Besides此外。根据前文“I couldn’t help but reflect by asking myself how deep the roots are in my life.”可知，作者感叹道自己生命中的根有多深，因此在下一次出现种种糟糕的状况时，应该回到自己的根，前后两句构成因果关系。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. misbehaving行为不当；B. struggling挣扎；C. withdrawing撤退；D. misunderstanding误解。根据“when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid”可知，句子描述并列的糟糕的状况，空处表示当发现自己孩子行为不端时。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. security安全；B. schedule时间表；C. money金钱；D. deadline截止日期。根据“tight”可知，此处表示“钱很紧张，预算不够”。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人生充满暴风雨。A. surprises令人惊讶的事物；B. choices选择；C. storms暴风雨；D. changes变化。根据“the next time you catch your kids ___14___ , when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid and the ___15___ is tight, and when the storms of life are raging, go back to your roots.”可知，人生中有各种糟糕的状况，人生充满暴风雨。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们会使你摇摆，使你弯曲，使你失去一些叶子，但是你的根越深，你站得越稳。A. collapse倒塌；B. bend弯曲；C. hesitate犹豫；D. ache疼痛。根据前文的“sway”可知，人生中的暴风雨会让你摇摆，会让你弯曲。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对挑战，你可能会弯曲，但是不要折断。A. changes变化；B. challenges挑战；C. responsibilities责任；D. differences区别。根据“Life is full of ___16___ .”可知，人生充满暴风雨，即人生中充满各种挑战。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论暴风雨有多么强烈，都不要让生活逼迫自己处于不舒服的境地。A. trick欺骗；B. lead引领；C. force迫使；D. admit承认。根据“you into an undesirable position”可知，无论暴风雨有多么强烈，都不要让生活逼迫自己处于不舒服的境地。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的力量就在你的根上。A. courage勇气；B. ambition抱负；C. value价值；D. strength力量。根据前文“which, although unseen, dug deep into the soil providing ___11___ and nutrition.”以及后文中“in your roots.”可知，即使生活中会有无数的暴风雨，但是不要惧怕它们，因为你的力量就在你的根上，它能够给你提供抵御狂风的力量，即根系越深站得越稳，就是说你的力量来自于你坚实的根基。故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As an educator, I know what is going on in the minds of my students. I look at ____41____ (they) body language.
When students are interested in a lesson, they lean forward and look at me. People have a tendency ____42____ (lean) towards whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head ____43____ (lower) to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. If two friends are leaning their heads together, they are ____44____ (probable) writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone ____45____ looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an ____46____ (absent) of eye contact. Their eyes barely move, and they always have ____47____ same distant expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep ____48____ their eyes open.
Some students are amused by something else. They spend all their time ____49____ (look) anywhere but at me. They are certainly interested in something, but who knows what. The main thing is reminding distracted _____50_____ (student) that they need to pay attention in class.
【答案】41. their
42 to lean
43. lowered
44. probably
45. who##that
46. absence
47. the 48. with
49. looking
50. students
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作为一名教育工作者，作者讲述了自己的教学经验。
【41题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：我观察他们的肢体语言。限定名词body language应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们总是倾向于他们感兴趣的东西。have a tendency to do是固定句型，不定式作后置定语。故填to lean。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，如果一个学生低着头看表，这意味着他很无聊，只是在计算着下课的时间。动词lower“把……放低”和前文名词head之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填lowered。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果两个朋友把头靠在一起，他们可能在给对方写便条。修饰动词writing用副词。故填probably。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当然，并不是每个抬头看的人都在课堂上认真听讲。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为everyone，指人，此时可用关系代词who或that引导从句，作主语。故填who/that。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：有些学生抬头看，但没有眼神交流。根据不定冠词an可知，此处应用名词单数absence。故填absence。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们的眼睛几乎不动，他们的脸上总是有同样的疏远的表情。形容词same常与the连用。故填the。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：就好像他们睁着眼睛睡着了。根据句意可知，此处用介词with+复合宾语their eyes open，表示伴随。故填with。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们把所有的时间都花在看别的地方，就是不看我。spend time (in) doing sth是固定句型，动名词作宾语。故填looking。
【50题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：最主要的是提醒走神的学生，他们需要在课堂上集中注意力。名词student是可数名词，此处是零冠词，用复数形式表泛指。故填students。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误.要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
For ages, sailors have said that it is a good luck to see dolphins swum alongside boats. Their presence meant that land is near, which will be vital informations if a boat and its crew are in dangerous. Some dolphins have even protected sailors which suffer shipwreck from sharks. There is no wonder that these unique and fascinating creatures have known as our friends.
Dolphins are thought to be intelligent animals because of their quick ability to learn. They seem to communicate with each other through a combination of whistles and clicks. While scientists don’t know exact what they are talking about, it is thought that dolphins are telling each other that food is nearby, or warning each other of approach danger.
【答案】1.删除a 2. swum→swimming 3.meant→means 4.informations→information
5.dangerous→danger 6.which→who/that 7.There→It 8.在known前加been
9.exact→exactly 10.approach→approaching
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海豚能够保护水手免受鲨鱼的攻击，它们被看成是人类的好朋友。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：很久以来，水手们都说看到海豚在船边游泳是一种好运。分析句子可知，luck是不可数名词，不用不定冠词a。故将a删除。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：很久以来，水手们都说看到海豚在船边游泳是一种好运。分析句子可知，此处考查固定结构see sb. doing sth.，意为“看见某人正在做某事”，此处应用现在分词形式作宾补。故将swum改为swimming。
3.考查动词时态。句意：他们的出现意味着陆地就在附近，如果船只和船员有危险，这将是至关重要的信息。分析句子可知，文章用的是一般现在时，故此处谓语动词应用一般现在时，而主语为Their presence，抽象名词作主语，谓语用单数形式。故将meant改为means。
4.考查名词。句意：他们的出现意味着陆地就在附近，如果船只和船员有危险，这将是至关重要的信息。分析句子可知，information是不可数名词，没有单复数变化。故将informations改为information。
5考查名词。句意：他们的出现意味着陆地就在附近，如果船只和船员有危险，这将是至关重要的信息。in danger处于危险中。故dangerous改为danger。
6.考查定语从句。句意：一些海豚甚至保护遭受鲨鱼袭击的船员。分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，指代先行词sailors，指人，在从句中作主语，应用that或who来引导定语从句。故将which改为who/that。
7.考查形式主语。句意：难怪这些独特而迷人的生物长期以来都是我们的朋友。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型“It is no wonder that...”意为“不足为奇”，此处的It为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。故将There改为It。
8.考查动词语态。句意：难怪这些独特而迷人的生物长期以来都是我们的朋友。分析句子可知，creatures是从句的主语，谓语动词与主语之间是被动关系，故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态结构，即have been done结构。故在known前加been。
9.考查副词。句意：虽然科学家们并不确切知道他们在谈论什么，但人们认为海豚在告诉彼此食物就在附近，或者警告彼此即将到来的危险。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，表示“确切地”，故应用exactly。故将exact改为exactly。
10.考查动名词。句意：虽然科学家们并不确切知道他们在谈论什么，但人们认为海豚在告诉彼此食物就在附近，或者警告彼此即将到来的危险。分析句子可知，of后接动名词approaching作宾语。故将approach改为approaching。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
52. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim 因为在上周的汉字听写比赛中成绩不理想而心情沮丧，请你用英语给他写一封信表示安慰。要点如下：
1. 表达安慰；2. 提供帮助；3. 给予鼓励。
参考词汇：汉字听写比赛 Chinese Character Dictation Competition
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One Possible Version:
Dear Jim,
Sorry to hear that you didn’t perform well in the Chinese Character Dictation Competition. I’m here to offer comfort and encouragement during this challenging time.
Firstly, as a foreigner, you’ve already tried your best, and it’s completely normal to feel disappointed. From my perspective, it seems like there might be a need for more preparations. Perhaps dedicating more time to practice and reviewing tough characters could make a significant difference. Besides, you can also try to watch Chinese films with subtitles to improve your listening skills.
I’m confident that with continued practice and a positive mindset, you’ll see improvements in no time. Looking forward to hearing about your progress soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Jim写一封信，就他因为在上周的汉字听写比赛中成绩不理想而心情沮丧表示安慰。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：competition→contest
在我看来：from my perspective→in my opinion
提高：improve→enhance
此外：besides→what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, you can also try to watch Chinese films with subtitles to improve your listening skills.
拓展句：Besides, you can also try to watch Chinese films with subtitles so that you can improve your listening skills.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Perhaps dedicating more time to practice and reviewing tough characters could make a significant difference.（运用了动名词作主语）
【高分句型2】I’m confident that with continued practice and a positive mindset, you’ll see improvements in no time.（运用了that引导宾语从句）成都八中2023-2024学年下学期第四次模拟考试
高三英语
(考试时间： 120分钟 试卷满分： 150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分.满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. What is the man doing
A. Shopping. B. Ordering. C. Cooking.
2. How will the woman help the man
A. By turning on the music.
B. By reducing his workload.
C. By getting him something to drink.
3. What time does the woman usually start work
A. At 6:30 a. m. B. At 7:00 a. m C. At 7:30 a. m.
4. What type of art does the man find beautiful
A. Traditional art. B. Realistic art. C. Modern art.
5. What does the man suggest
A. Five courses may be too many.
B. It would be wiser to take more courses...
C. Only four courses will be offered in the new term.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22,5 分),
听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
听第6段材料，回答第6：7题.
6. Why does Penny make the call
A. To ask the man about the homework.
B. To remind the man about maths books.
C. To inform the man about the English test.
X. What test are the speakers going to take on Friday
A. Science. B. English. C. Maths.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题.
8. What does the man say about his coat
A. It’s sort of tight.
B. It has a great color.
C. It has been washed by his mother.
9. What time of day is it. now“
A. Evening. B Afternoon. C Morning.
10. Where are the speakers probably
A. At a clothing shop. B. At school. C. At home.
听第8段材料， 回答第11至13题.
11 Why is the woman in New York City
A. To visit her families. B. To go on a business trip. C. To complete her business course.
12. What is the woman doing
A. Visiting an apartment. B. Looking for new furniture.
C. Buying household appliances.
13. What does the man say about the neighborhood
A. It’s new. B. It’s popular. C. It’s quiet.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题.
14. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife.
15. Where are the speakers
A. In Central Africa. B. In Southern Asia. C. In Northern Europe
16. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The Earth. B. The Sun. C. The Moon.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.
Where did the speaker read his first comic
A. At a hotel. B. On a bus. C. In a bookshop.
18. What types of comics did the speaker often read as a child
A. Cartoon comics. B. Superhero comics. C. Time travel comics.
19. How does the speaker currently feel about comics
A. Uninterested. B: Eager. C. Indifferent.
20. What does the speaker do
A. A soldier. B. A comic actor. C. A shop owner
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Yunnan offers exciting experiences of unique customs. If you are already planning to visit Yunnan, see our festival tours.
The Torch (火把) Festival
Date: July /August (days 24 to 26 of the sixth lunar month)
Location: Lijiang
It is a traditional festival among the Yi, Naxi, and Bai minority (少数民族) groups. According to the ancient rule of the Naxi people, the Torch Festival should last three days, and every family should light a big torch in front of their doors for the three days.
Recommended Tour: 3-Day Ancient Lijiang Tour
The Water Splashing (泼酒) Festival
Date: April 13 to 15
Location: Xishuangbanna
It is the most important festival observed by the Dai people of Xishuangbanna in southen Yunnan. It involves splashing water, lantern floating and other joyful activities.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Xishaungbanna Tour
The Horse Race Festival
Date: May/June (5th of the fifth lunar month)
Location: Shangri-la
Falling on the same date as the Dragon Boat Festival, it is the biggest gathering of Tibetans in Yunnan and usually lasts about 3 days. During the celebrations, traditional performances and competitions like horse racing and wrestling (摔跤) will beheld.
Recommended tour: 8-Day Yunnan Tour of the Nu River and Tengchong
The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group
Date: April /May(days 15 to 21 of the third lunar month)
Location: Dali
It is one of the most important festivals celebrated by the Bai people in Dali in western Yunnan. During the March Fair, the streets of Dali Ancient Town are packed with people selling amazing minority items.
Recommended tour: 6-Day Yunnan Minorities Tour
1. What do the Torch Festival and the Water Splashing Festival have in common
A. The date. B. The location.
C. The lasting time D. The celebratory events.
2. Which festival will you attend if you like to buy local gifts while travelling
A. The Torch Festival. B. The Water Splashing Festival.
C. The Horse Race Festival. D. The Third Month Fair of the Bai Group.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A business research. B. A newspaper report.
C. An educational magazine. D. An advertising leaflet.
B
Remember solar roadways, where solar panels were embedded(嵌入) in roads The idea of the solar roadway seems attractive because the solar resource is everywhere, and someday there will be a lot of electric cars that will need charging. But for me, the idea has little to recommend it. There is another kind of road — the railway — that might be a much better place for solar panels. And that’s what is happening in Germany, where the British company Bankset Energy is installing solar panels between the rails.
As estimated, 100 kilowatts of electricity can be generated per kilometer of railway line. Since the rail network in Germany is over 60,000 kilometers long, the power that can be generated is comparable to the output of five nuclear power plants in total.
But, why is putting solar panels is a railway better than a roadway Trains generally stay on the rails, so there is no need to have solar panels designed to take any serious load. Although there is a serious amount of vibration, the panels wouldn’t shake apart. Railways usually own their rights of way and restrict access, so they have much better control. They also own the electrical infrastructure, which is right overhead and can directly use the electricity. German railways have been trying to justify hydrogen-powered trains because it was too expensive to electrify many of their lines. Turning their rail beds into power sources might change the economics.
On the other hand, rail rights of way are generally a lot wider than the tracks; it might make more sense to fix the panels next to the tracks, pointing in the right direction instead of lying flat. German Rail is already a huge consumer of solar power from more conventional installations.
4. What does the author think of solar roadways
A. He thinks they are attractive.
B. He shows disapproval of them.
C. He believes they are underused
D. He figures they are energy-saving.
5. What can we infer from the numbers in paragraph2
A. The solar railway has won wide recognition.
B. Germany is leading the world in rail transportation.
C Fixing solar panels on railways in better than on roadways
D. The solar railway has great potential for generating electricity
6. What is the advantage of solar railways over solar roadways
A. The length of the railway.
B. The lower installation costs.
C. The safety of the solar panels.
D. The wider use of the electricity.
7. Which one could be the best title for the text
A. German roadways start to go downhill.
B. Solar railways are coming down the line.
C. German railway are facing a great challenge.
D. Solar energy becomes a cost-competitive alternative
C
We often think about relationships on a scale from positive to negative. We are drawn to loving family members, caring classmates and supportive mentors. We do our best to avoid the cruel uncle, the playground bully and the jerk boss.
But the most toxic relationships aren’t the purely negative ones. They’re the ones that are a mix of positive and negative. We often call them frenemies, supposed friends who sometimes help you and sometimes hurt you. But ifs not just friends. It’s the in-laws who volunteer to watch your kids but belittle your parenting. The manager who praises your work but denies you a promotion.
Everyone knows how relationships like that can tie your stomach into a knot. But groundbreaking research led by the psychologists Bert Uchino and Julianne Holt-Lunstad shows that ambivalent (矛盾情绪的) relationships can be damaging to your health — even more than purely negative relationships.
I had assumed that with a neighbor or a colleague, having some positive interactions was better than all negative interactions. But being cheered on by the same person who cuts you down doesn’t reduce the bad feelings; it increases them. And it’s not just in your head: It leaves a trace in your heart and your blood.
Even a single ambivalent interaction can cause harm. In one experiment, people gave impromptu speeches on controversial topics in front of a friend who offered feedback. The researchers had randomly assigned the friend to give ambivalent or negative comments. Receiving mixed feedback caused higher blood pressure than pure criticism. “I would have gone about the topic differently, but you’re doing fine” proved to be more distressing than “I totally disagree with everything you’ve said.”
The evidence that ambivalent relationships can be bad for us is strong, but the reasons can be harder to read — just like the relationships themselves.
The most intuitive reason is that ambivalent relationships are unpredictable. With a clear enemy, you put up a shield when you cross paths. With a frenemy, you never know whether Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde is going to show up. Feeling unsure can disrupt the body’s calming system and activate a fight-or-flight response. It’s unsettling to hope for a hug while also preparing for a likely quarrel.
Another factor is that unpleasant interactions are more painful in an ambivalent relationship. It’s more upsetting to be let down by people you like sometimes than by people you dislike all the time. When someone stabs you in the back, it stings more if he’s been friendly to your face.
8. Which of the following can be counted as a frenemy
A. Your neighbour’s kid who advises you to study hard but idles away his own time.
B. Your classmate who admires your diligence at first, but doubts your intelligence later.
C. Your mother’s friend who encourages you to spend more time on homework but less on smart phones.
D. Your father’s colleague who proposes you to do a moderate amount of homework while ensuring adequate sleep.
9. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage
A. Ambivalent relationships have a permanent effect on your well-being.
B. The common cause for high blood pressure is ambivalent relationship.
C. Ambivalent interactions will be more painful if it is done consciously.
D. The negative impact of ambivalent interactions is direct and strong.
10. The underlined word “belittle” in paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. devalue B. appreciate C. respect D. abuse
11. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A. Some Negative Relationships Are Bad for Your Health
B. Your Most Ambivalent Relationships Are the Most Toxic
C. The Reasons for Ambivalent Relationships Are Unpredictable
D. Some Positive Relationships Are Better than All Negative Ones
D
If asked if space exploration should continue, most Americans would give an immediate response either in favor of continuing or in favor of ending space exploration. A common response would be that space exploration is a waste of money. An average American, uneducated on the subject,might believe that the government is wasting billions of dollars on the research that has no value.Someone strange to the subject might say that a space shuttle goes up once in a while and that is about all that happens. Research is ongoing and continues when there are no shuttles being launched. This also costs the government money. Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense
One argument is that the government is wasting money on the research not being used on Earth. Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists that support National Acronauics and Space Administration (NASA) missions, and goes to major companies that play important roles in major sectors of the US economy. Boeing is a partner of NASA for aircraft, the same company that makes commercial aircraft for the airline industry.
Another benefit to continuing space exploration is the many technologies it provides ides. The artificial heart resulted from experiments on the space shuttle. The handheld Jaws of Life used to save victims from car accidents resulted from the system used to separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets. Insulation (隔热板) in homes that keeps them warm and energy efficient is based on the technology used to insulate the space shuttle.
There are direct benefits to the economy provided by NASA missions as well as those technologies. These advances are found in food, building materials, medical procedures and the vehicles we drive. While it can be proven that billions of dollars that could be used elsewhere is being spent on space exploration, the benefits it provides outweigh the terrible aspects. As a matter of fact,the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives. .
12. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed
A. By offering analyses. B. By making comparisons.
C. By listing figures. D. By presenting research findings.
13. The function of Jaws of Life is to________.
A. save people from traffic accidents
B do experiments on the space shuttle
C. keep houses warm and energy efficient
D. separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets
14. In the author’s opinion, space exploration .
A. has changed our life completely B. benefits us in many ways
C. costs too much of our time D. has nothing to do with us
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Benefits of space exploration. B. How to make space exploration affordable
C. Is space exploration worth the cost D. Missions of the NASA space shuttle program.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分 10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.
Consumer behavior is the study of how people make purchase decisions to satisfy their needs or desires and how their emotional, mental and behavioral responses influence the buying decision. By understanding it, businesses can make their marketing efforts to focus on specific groups, improve brand images, and predict the trends. ___16___ Anyway, understanding consumer behavior is vital to any successful marketing strategy.
___17___ Among them, marketing campaigns influence purchasing decisions a lot. If done right and regularly, with the right marketing message, they can even persuade consumers to change brands or choose more expensive alternatives.
For expensive products, like houses or cars, economic conditions play a big part. ___18___ The consumer’s decision — making process is longer for expensive purchases and it can be influenced by more personal factors at the same time.
Consumer behavior can also be influenced by personal factors: likes dislikes, morals, and values. In industries like fashion or food, personal opinions are especially powerful. Of course, advertisements can influence behavior. However, finally, consumers choices are greatly influenced by their preferences. ___19___
Last but not least, our purchasing power plays a significant role in influencing our behavior. Unless you’re a billionaire, you’ll consider your budget before making a purchase decision. ___20___ However, if you don’t have the money for it, you won’t buy it.
A. Education levels and social factors can have an impact.
B. Consumer behavior is often influenced by different factors.
C. The product might be excellent and the marketing could be great.
D. This knowledge can also help businesses stay ahead of their competition.
E. Vegetarians, no matter how many hamburger ads they see, won’t start eating meat.
F. A positive economic environment can make consumers willing to buy them.
G. A consumer purchases a different product just because he or she wants to seek diversity.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
Our neighborhood was struck by a fierce storm just several days ago. Staring out of the window I witnessed a tree being ___21___ by the violent winds. The branches bent, and swayed back and forth, thanks to their ___22___ to avoid breaking. The leaves desperately stuck to the branches since their life ___23___ the tree. The powerful trunk that ___24___ the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to ___25___ its position.
One and half an hours had passed and the storm came to a stop. The tree gracefully returned to its ___26___ position standing tall among the chaos. It succeeded in ___27___ the storm. It didn’t look the same, for leaves had shed from its branches with the soil loosened a bit, but what ___28___ is that the tree won the fight for its life.
For a long time I really wondered why this tree ___29___ my attention the way it did. As time passed, it became ___30___ that it wasn’t just about the tree but about the roots, which, although unseen, dug deep into the soil providing ___31___ and nutrition. The roots allow the tree to be able to take a ___32___ because they are there to support it.
I couldn’t help but reflect by asking myself how deep the roots are in my life. ___33___ , the next time you catch your kids ___34___ , when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid and the ___35___ is tight, and when the storms of life are raging, go back to your roots. Life is full of ___36___ . They will make you sway, make you ___37___ , make you lose some leaves but the deeper your roots dig the stronger you stand.
Facing ___38___ you might bend but don’t break. No matter how hard the wind blows, don’t let life ___39___ you into an undesirable position. Your ___40___ lies in your roots.
21. A. broken B. abused C. crushed D. removed
22. A. height B. thickness C. power D. flexibility
23. A. answered for B. decided on C. depended on D. catered for
24. A. held B. tied C. pulled D. lifted
25. A. achieve B. reach C. establish D. maintain
26. A. suitable B. ultimate C. Original D. comfortable
27. A. exploring B. avoiding C. competing D. Surviving
28. A. counts B. differs C. concerns D. reveals
29. A. fixed B. aroused C. struck D. caught
30. A. familiar B. apparent C. significant D. reasonable
31. A. surroundings B. stability C. sources D. probability
32. A. beating B. stand C. chance D. turning
33. A. However B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Besides
34. A. misbehaving B. struggling C. withdrawing D. misunderstanding
35. A. security B. schedule C. money D. deadline
36. A. surprises s B. choices C. storms D. changes
37. A. collapse B. bend C. hesitate D. ache
38. A. changes B. challenges C. responsibilities D. differences
39. A. trick B. lead C. force D. admit
40. A. courage B. ambition C. value D. strength
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As an educator, I know what is going on in the minds of my students. I look at ____41____ (they) body language.
When students are interested in a lesson, they lean forward and look at me. People have a tendency ____42____ (lean) towards whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head ____43____ (lower) to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. If two friends are leaning their heads together, they are ____44____ (probable) writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone ____45____ looks up is paying attention in class. Some students look up, but there is an ____46____ (absent) of eye contact. Their eyes barely move, and they always have ____47____ same distant expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep ____48____ their eyes open.
Some students are amused by something else. They spend all their time ____49____ (look) anywhere but at me. They are certainly interested in something, but who knows what. The main thing is reminding distracted _____50_____ (student) that they need to pay attention in class.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误.要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
For ages, sailors have said that it is a good luck to see dolphins swum alongside boats. Their presence meant that land is near, which will be vital informations if a boat and its crew are in dangerous. Some dolphins have even protected sailors which suffer shipwreck from sharks. There is no wonder that these unique and fascinating creatures have known as our friends.
Dolphins are thought to be intelligent animals because of their quick ability to learn. They seem to communicate with each other through a combination of whistles and clicks. While scientists don’t know exact what they are talking about, it is thought that dolphins are telling each other that food is nearby, or warning each other of approach danger.
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
52. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim 因为在上周的汉字听写比赛中成绩不理想而心情沮丧，请你用英语给他写一封信表示安慰。要点如下：
1. 表达安慰；2. 提供帮助；3. 给予鼓励
参考词汇：汉字听写比赛 Chinese Character Dictation Competition
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

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