资源简介

(共56张PPT)
UNIT 1　ART
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
练续写 锤炼技能
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.　　　　　　 n.名誉;名声
2.　　　　　　 n.地位;级别;行列　vt.& vi.把……分等级;使排成行
3.　　　　　　 vt.购买;采购　n.购买;购买的东西
4.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.出现;浮现;暴露
5.　　　　　　 vt.表达;传递(思想、感情等);传送
6.　　　　　　 adj.主观的
reputation
rank
purchase
subjective
emerge
convey
7.　　　　　　 adj.喜爱
8.　　　　　　 adj.永久的;永恒的;长久的
9.　　　　　　 adj.谦逊的;虚心的;卑微的
10.　　　　　　 n.(数量、价格、质量等的)减少;下降;衰落　vi.& vt.减少;下降;衰落;谢绝
11.　　　　　　 vt.保证;确保;肯定……必然发生　n.保证;保修单;担保物
12.　　　　　　 adj.值得……的;有价值的
fond
permanent
humble
decline
guarantee
worthy
二、派生单词
1.　　　　　　 adj.准确的;精确的
→　　　　　　 adv.准确地;精确地;的确如此
2.　　　　　　 adj.现实的;逼真的→　　　　　　 adj.真的;真实的
→　　　　　　 adv.真实地;确实→　　　　　　 n.真实;现实;事实
3.　　　　　　 adj.有很大影响力的;有支配力的
→　　　　　　 n.& vt.影响
4.　　　　　　 adj.视觉的;视力的→　　　　　　 n.视力;视觉
5.　　　　　　 n.投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入→　　　　　　 v.投资
6.　　　　　　 n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品adj.纪念的;悼念的
→　　　　　　 n.记忆力;记忆→　　　　　　 vt.记住
precise
precisely
realistic
real
really
reality
influential
influence
visual
vision
investment
invest
memorial
memory
memorize
7.　　　　　　(NAmE -ize) vi.& vt.批评;指责;评价 →　　　　　 n.批评;指责;评论→　　　　　　 n.批评家→　　　　　　 adj.批判性的;关键的
8.　　　　　　 adj.典型的;有代表性的　n.代表
→　　　　　　 vt.代表;象征;描绘
9.　　　　　　 n.展览;(技能、感情或行为的)表演
→　　　　　　 v.展示;陈列;展览
10.　　　　　 adj.艺术的;艺术家的→　　　　　　 n.艺术家
→　　　　n.艺术
11.　　　　　　 n.加入;进入;参与;参赛作品→　　　　　　 v.进入;登记
12.　　　　　　 n.承认;认出;赞誉→　　　　　　 vt.辨别出;承认;公认
13.　　　　　　 n.扩张;扩展;扩大→　　　　　　 v.扩展;扩大;细谈
criticise
criticism
critic
critical
representative
represent
exhibition
exhibit
artistic
artist
art
entry
enter
recognition
recognize
expansion
expand
三、重点短语
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　尤其;特别
2.　　　　　　　　　　　 使与众不同;使突出;使优于……
3.　　　　　　　　　　　 喜爱;喜欢
4.　　　　　　　　　　　 赋予……生命;使……鲜活起来
5.　　　　　　　　　　　 值得
6.　　　　　　　　　　　 全神贯注于
7.　　　　　　　　　　　 贮藏着;准备着;将要发生
8.　　　　　　　　　　　 面对
9.　　　　　　　　　　　 展览,展出
10.　　　　　　　　　　　 试图做某事
in particular
set apart from
be fond of
bring...to life
be worthy of
concentrate on
in store
be faced with
on display
seek to do sth
四、典型句式
1.While引导让步状语从句
教材原句:While his paintings still hadreligious themes,they showed real people in a real environment.
2.主语+be+adj.+不定式
教材原句:Finally,most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
3.not just...but...as well 不仅……而且……
教材原句:He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects,but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
4.表语前置
教材原句:Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty(1600 BCE—1046 BCE).
5.be thought to do “被认为;人们认为”
教材原句:Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711—1799),a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.When the answer was no,she 　　　　　(decline) the invitation.
2.What makes me excited is that tickets may 　　　　　　　(purchase) in advance from the box office.
3.What 　　　　　　　　　(convey) by the drawing is both realistic and thought-provoking.
4.Replacement 　　　　　　　　　(guarantee):If the products are not up to the standard,we undertake to replace them.
declined
be purchased
is conveyed
is guaranteed
5.Since the mid-1970's,a different strategy 　　　　　　　　　(emerge).
6.As we know,the more noble,the 　　　　　　　　(humble).
7.Its total acreage has been decreased to 17.51%,　　　　　　(rank) the second.
has emerged
more humble
ranking
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The student 　　　　　　is more than delighted to 　　　　　　his class to talk about learning methods.(represent)
2.We are organizing an art 　　　　　　for our school students __________
their works of art.(exhibit)
3.My former classmate has changed beyond 　　　　　and therefore,I have great difficulty 　　　　　　him.(recognize)
4.She is one of the most 　　　　　　figures,who has a great __________
on local politics.(influence)
5.The 　　　　　　of higher education should be a powerful force for change,so we should grasp the chance with the aim of 　　　　　　our knowledge.(expand)
representative
represent
exhibition
to exhibit
recognition
recognizing
influential
influence
expansion
expanding
6.I have 　　　　　　for the painting competition and I will prepare five 　　　　　　.(enter)
7.Young people have a good 　　　　　　and they can 　　　　　　what they are learning with ease.(memory)
8.Thanks to the 　　　　　　of the foreign company,the local economy has developed rapidly.As a result,more and more 　　　　 come to_________ here.(invest)
9.To help that process,parents should always offer more praise than__________
(criticise).That can be done by focusing on the children's strengths.
entries
entered
memory
memorize
investment
invest
investors
criticism
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.As a Chinese teenager who is interested in travelling 　　　　　　　　　　,I would like to introduce my favourite city—Beijing.
2.First of all,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　writing and it's an important part of my life.
3.She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to
　　　　　　　　　her studies.
4.Among all these apartments,this one is 　　　　　　　　　　　　the others by its special location.
5.Yuan Longping made great contributions to our country and his achievements 　　　　　　　　　　　　the highest praise.
in particular
am fond of
concentrate on
set apart from
are worthy of
Ⅳ.微写作
1.尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么,但我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。(读后续写之主旨升华)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ,we can guide ourselves with determination and love.
2.对于外国人来说,许多汉语成语是非常难理解的。
For foreigners,many Chinese idioms ______________________________.
While we can't predict what will happen in the future
are quite difficult to understand
3.汉语成语不仅传达更丰富多彩的含义而且使你的语言更加生动。
Chinese idioms _________________________________________________
________________________.
4.大卫走进了黑暗的房间,当大家喊“生日快乐”时,他感到很惊讶。
Into the dark apartment ________________________________________, who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy Birthday”.
5.早期的欧洲扑克被认为是为了娱乐和教育而设计的。
The early European playing-cards _______________________________
entertainment and education.
not just convey more colorful meanings but make yourv
language more vivid as well
walked David
are thought to have been designed for
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.in particular 尤其;特别
[练会]单句语法填空
①I am __________(particular) good at spoken English and have a deep understanding of cultures of our city,which will greatly help me do the job.(应用文之申请信)
②So particular __________food was the little girl that her parents shed tears of anxiety and worry.(读后续写之心理描写)
particularly
about/over
[写美]翻译句子/微写作·背诵
③你要行为举止恰当,尤其要注意餐桌礼仪。(应用文之建议信)
④他对厨房非常讲究——每件东西都必须干净整洁而且要放在相应位置。(读后续写之场景描写)
He __________________________________________________the kitchen—everything had to be perfectly clean and in its place.
was very particular about/over
You'd better behave properly,particularly minding your table manners/minding your table manners in particular.
归纳(1)particular adj.特定的;特别的;挑剔的
in particular=particularly 尤其;特别
(2)be particular about/over sth 对某物讲究/挑剔
be particular to do sth 特地做某事
佳句Anger is a strong feeling in particular and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.
愤怒是一种特别强烈的感觉,也许人们认为他们有理由感到愤怒。
2.influential adj.有很大影响力的;有支配力的→influence n.& vt.影响
[练会]单句语法填空
①As a humble person,my words are not __________(influence),so I would rather keep silent.
②To tell the truth,what the teacher said has a permanent influence________me.
③More and more people,__________(influence) by the growing interest in nature,enjoy outdoor sports.
④ Some people think that news media have become much more influential __________people's lives today.
decide to major in agronomy.
influential
on/upon
influenced
in
[写美]微写作·背诵
⑤袁隆平是农业界最有影响力的科学家之一,在他的影响下我决定主修农学。(应用文之人物介绍)
Yuan Longping is ______________________________________ in agriculture,
________________________________________________ I decide to major in agronomy.
one of the most influential scientists
one of the most influential scientists;under whose influence
归纳be influential in对……有很大影响
have an influence on/upon对……有影响
under the influence of在……的影响下
under one's influence在某人的影响下
influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事
佳句My physics teacher is my role model,who has influenced me to take up the position as a teacher.(应用文之人物介绍)
我的物理老师是我的榜样,他影响我去做一名教师。
3.decline n.(数量、价格、质量等的)减少;下降;衰落 vi.& vt.减少;下降;衰落;谢绝
[练会]单句语法填空
①Mr Redwood told BBC Wales he rejected Mr Andrews' criticism but declined ____________________(interview).
②We offered to give Sharon a ride home,but she __________(decline),saying that she felt like walking.
想要
③The number of tourists to the scenic spot has declined ____________10% in recent years __________only 5 million.
to be interviewed
declined
by
to
[写美]微写作·背诵
④我只能谢绝你的邀请,因为我在忙于准备期末考试。(应用文之谢绝信)
Occupied in preparing for my final exam,I have no alternative but to ____________________.
归纳(1)decline in...在……(方面)的下降
be in decline处于下降/衰退中
on the decline在衰退;在没落中;在消减
(2)decline to do sth 谢绝/拒绝做某事
点津表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by,后面常跟百分数;表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to,后面常跟具体数字。
decline your invitation
4.bring...to life赋予……生命;使……鲜活起来
[练会]单句语法填空
①He can always bring the class ____________life with his humor,and we are all fond of him.
②He decided to lead/live ______________more settled life with his partner.
[写美]翻译句子·背诵
③你可以换工作和搬家,但友谊是终生的。(应用文之友谊)
_______________________________________________________________
to
a
You can change your job and move house,but friendship is meant to be for life.
归纳all one's life终生;一辈子
for life终生的
come to life苏醒过来;变得活跃
lead/live a(n)...life过着……样的生活
佳句When the girl came to life,an air of delight and excitement settled over the crowd.(读后续写之情感描写)
当那个女孩苏醒过来时,人群中弥漫着喜悦和兴奋的气氛。
5.guarantee vt.保证;确保;肯定……必然发生 n.保证;保修单;担保物
[练会]单句语法填空
①As for preparation,reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee _____________________________(make) you adapt to the Chinese language environment.(应用文之建议信)
②His car is less than a year old,so it is still ________________guarantee.
③I give you a guarantee __________you will be fond of it once you read the English newspaper Youth.
to make
under
that
[写美]微写作·背诵
④这样一顿美味的早餐保证会让他们的妈妈在母亲节快乐。
Such a tasty breakfast ______________________________________ their mom joyful on Mother's Day.
was guaranteed to make
归纳(1)guarantee sb sth/guarantee sth to sb 保证某人某事
guarantee to do sth/that...保证做某事;确保……
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会做某事
(2)under guarantee在保修期内
佳句Do guarantee to behave yourself when invited to your Chinese friends' home.(应用文之建议信)
被邀请到中国朋友家做客时,一定要保证自己举止得体。
6.worthy adj.值得……的;有价值的
[练会]单句语法填空
Good opinions are worth _________(stick) to because they can benefit us all.
[写美]一句多译·背诵
②我保证我们学校图书馆里的自习室值得体验,因此请接受我真诚的邀请。
→I make sure that ______________________________the self-study room in our school library,so please accept my sincere invitation.(worthwhile)
→I make sure that the self-study room in our school library ______________ ________________________,so please accept my sincere invitation.(worth)
→I make sure that the self-study room in our school library ______________ _________________________,so please accept my sincere invitation.(worthy)
sticking
it is worthwhile to experience
is worthy of being
is well worth
experiencing
experienced/to be experienced
归纳(1)be worthy of值得……
be worthy to be done=be worthy of being done值得做某事
(2)be well worth doing非常值得做
(3)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的。
佳句 It is worthwhile to consider/considering his suggestion put forward at the conference.
他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
rank
A.n.成员 B.n.地位;级别 C.n.行列;队列 D.vt.把……分等级;属于某等级
①They watched as ranks of marching soldiers passed the window._____________
②We have a number of international players in our ranks.____________________
③(2023全国甲卷)It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list.____________________
④She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.________________
C
A
B
D
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.master
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n._______________________ This painting is clearly the work of a master.
生义 n. ._______________________ With careful training,a dog will obey its master completely.
生义 vt._______________________ I finally mastered my fear of flying.
vt._______________________ It is important for us to master some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.
大师
名家
专家　主人　征服,制服
控制　精通,掌握
2.Shape
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n.__________________________________ These bricks are all of different shapes.
生义 n.__________________________________ “How are you ”“Oh,I'm in great shape.”
vt.__________________________________ He was very influential in shaping the country's economic policy.
vt.__________________________________ When you've made the dough,shape it into two loaves.
决定(或影响)(尤指信仰或思想)的形式　
使成形,塑造　
情况;健康状况　
形状,形态,外形　
重点句型透视
be thought to do
[教材原句] Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711—1799),a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze.
一些展品被认为是来自乾隆皇帝(1711—1799)的收藏,他是商代青铜的狂热崇拜者。
[练会]单句语法填空
①The tourist destination is thought __________(be) one of the most attractive places in China.
to be　
②The fire is reported ______________________________(expand) at present,for the wind is quite strong.
③__________ is generally thought that reading is as much an art as it is a science.
④She is believed to _______________________________________(tell) a lie because her words don't agree with her action.
[写美]句式升级·背诵
⑤Tang Yin is thought to be one of the greatest artists in China.
→____________________Tang Yin is one of the greatest artists in China.
to be expanding　
It 　
have told 　
It is thought that　
归纳(1)be thought to do意为“被认为;人们认为”,不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
(2)“It is+过去分词+that...”的句型还有:
It is said that...据说……
It is thought that...人们认为……
It is believed that...人们相信……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is hoped that...人们希望……
It is well-known that...众所周知……
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.The hard-working operator has read a lot and has much knowledge in many fields,which can set him apart __________many others.
2.The clever guy __________(rank) first in the match has a high reputation among his classmates.
3.Some knowledge about first aid is worthy of _______________________ (learn) for people's welfare.
4.I guarantee _______________________(take) some effective measures to settle the urgent problem.
5.The injured man was bleeding to a coma and the paramedics were trying to bring him _________________life.
from　
ranking　
being learnt/learned　
to take　
to　
B组　高考链接
6.(2023浙江1月卷)In the summer _____________________ particular,the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
7.(2023浙江1月卷)Meaning __________(emerge) through a process of social interaction,not of computation,interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads.
8.(2022全国甲卷)In the experiment,Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job,in most cases,by visual ____________ (recognize) alone.
in　
emerges　
recognition　
9.(2022全国乙卷)They could do __________(precise) the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
10.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The tests show that the social environment is extremely __________________(influence) when we're making decisions.
influential
precisely　
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
With the sun 1.__________(emerge) from behind the clouds,a noble artist went to a local cafe 2.___________(purchase) a cup of coffee.There were scores of trees which formed a leafy avenue.As he looked around,he noticed how the shadows were growing longer with time passing.He got inspired and thought the scene worthy3. _________________________(paint).4._________ (take) a bunch of brushes from his bag,he chose a suitable one and concentrated on painting.The painting was completed 5.________ (precise).It looked so real that one almost could smell the fragrance of flowers that 6._____(hang) from the branches of the trees.Happily he wrote his signature at the bottom of the painting and put it 7.______exhibition.8. ___________ (subsequent),his painting helped him gain 9._______reputation as one of the 10.________________(influential) painters.
emerging　
most influential
to purchase　
to be painted/of being painted　
Taking　　
precisely　
hung　
on　
Subsequently　
a　
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
应用文——感谢信(艺术)
第一步　单句写作
1.我很高兴地告诉你,我在我校的“美丽校园”摄影比赛中排名第一。(rank,photography)
I'm excited to inform you I ______________________________in our school's “Amazing Campus” ________________________________________.
2.我写信表达我对你投入的时间和精力的感谢。(convey,investment)
I'm writing ____________________________________________________ .
photography competition
ranked first
to convey my gratitude for your investment of time and effort
3.我在准备比赛。
I ______________________for the competition.
4.你耐心地教我怎么拍出好照片,以及如何实现完美的视觉效果。(visual)
You patiently taught me what makes a good photo and how to _________________________________.
5.你告诉我如何精确调整拍摄模式,尤其是选择最佳背景。(precisely,in particular)
You told me _________________________________________and choose the best settings __________________.
was preparing
achieve perfect visual effects
in particular
how to adjust the shooting modes precisely
6.所有这些因素结合在一起,使我的参赛作品优于我校的其他作品。(set...apart from,entry)
All these combined to ______________________________in our school.
7.希望你能参加下一次摄影比赛。你的作品将保证得到广泛的认可!(guarantee,recognition)
Hope you can participate in the next photography competition.Your work will ____________________!
wide recognition
set apart my entry from others　
第二步　句式升级
8.用while引导的时间状语从句连接句3和句4
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
Dear Chris,
While I was preparing for the competition,you patiently taught me what makes a good photo and how to achieve perfect visual effects.
I'm excited to inform you I ranked first in our school's “Amazing Campus” photography competition.I'm writing to convey my gratitude for your investment of time and effort.
While I was preparing for the competition,you patiently taught me what makes a good photo and how to achieve perfect visual effects.Additionally,you told me how to adjust the shooting modes precisely and choose the best settings in particular.Subsequently,all these combined to set apart my entry from others in our school.
Hope you can participate in the next photography competition.Your work will guarantee wide recognition!
Yours,
Li Hua
练续写 锤炼技能
(十四)情感描写之“好奇”
Ⅰ.语块必记
1.be curious about对……好奇
2.be curious to know好奇地想知道
3.curiosity gets/got the better of sb 好奇心占了上风
4.out of curiosity出于好奇
5.burn with curiosity满是好奇
6.stare/look at sb/sth with curiosity好奇地看着某人/某物
7.driven by curiosity受好奇心驱使
8.contain one's curiosity抑制某人的好奇心
Ⅱ.佳句背诵
1.直陈式表述
I'm puzzled why you didn't try for a university scholarship.
我很奇怪你 为什么不去申请大学奖学金。
Curious about what had happened,Henry crept back to school the next day.
对发生的事情感到好奇,亨利第二天悄悄地回到学校。
People gathered round,curious to know what was happening.
人们聚集在一起,好奇地想知道发生了什么事。
Her shouting attracted some curious glances from other people in the restaurant.
她的叫喊引来了餐厅里其他客人好奇的目光。
He is such a curious boy,always asking questions.
他这个孩子求知欲很强,总是爱提问。
2.描述性表述
It was so unbelievable that he made his eyes wider.
难以置信,他瞪大了眼睛。
Curious to know what was inside,he tiptoed into the dark cave.
他很想知道里面是什么,就蹑手蹑脚地走进了黑暗的山洞。
3.比喻性表述
His curiosity got the better of him.他异常好奇。
实战演练
1.按要求用表示“好奇”的表达完成下列各句。
①她坐在窗边往外看,却发现一座金色的房子在初升的太阳下闪闪发光。
She sat near the window and looked out,_______________________ a golden
house shining in the rising sun.(非谓语动词作状语)
②她之前从未见过这么惊人的金色房子。
She __________________________________________________before.
③最后,好奇心占了上风,她站起来奔出房间。
Eventually,__________________________________________________.
She arose and rushed out of her room.
only to find　
had never seen such an amazing golden house　
her curiosity got the better of her 　
④她满怀好奇地飞速跑过田野,一直跑到那所房子金色的门前。
____________________,she ran across the field fast until she reached the
golden door of the house.(分词作状语+状语从句)
⑤她在门前驻足,好奇地盯着这个房子。
She stopped at the door and stared at it ____________________.(简单句)
⑥她的好奇心越来越重,脸上露出困惑和好奇的神色。
_______________________ ._____________________________________
over her face.(无灵主语句)
Puzzlement and curiosity were written
Burning with curiosity　
with curiosity　　
Her curiosity grew bigger　　
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
She sat near the window and looked out,only to find a golden house shining in the rising sun.She had never seen such an amazing golden house before.Eventually,her curiosity got the better of her.She arose and rushed out of her room.Burning with curiosity,she ran across the field fast until she reached the golden door of the house.She stopped at the door and stared at it with curiosity.Her curiosity grew bigger.Puzzlement and curiosity were written over her face.(共70张PPT)
UNIT 2　HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
研真题 链接高考
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.__________ n.滥用;虐待;辱骂 __________vt.滥用;虐待;辱骂
2.__________ vt.& vi.支配;控制;占有优势
3.__________ adj.消极的;有害的;否定的
4.__________ n.自制力;纪律;学科 __________vt.自我控制;管教;处罚
5.__________ v.删去;删除
6.__________ vi.,vt.& n.剃(须发);刮脸
abuse
dominate
negative
discipline
delete
shave
abuse
discipline
7.______vt.跳过;不参加;悄悄溜走_____vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;跳绳_____ n.蹦跳
8.__________ adj.头晕目眩的
9.__________ vt.激发;促进;刺激
10.__________ adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的
11.__________ n.喜剧;喜剧片;滑稽节目
12.__________ vt.提高;增强;增进
skip
dizzy
stimulate
dynamic
comedy
enhance
skip
skip
二、派生单词
1.__________ n.酒;酒精→__________ adj.(含)酒精的__________n.酗酒者
2.__________ adj.身体的;客观存在的;物理学的
→__________ adv.身体上;肉体上
3.___________________ adv.重复地→______________________ vt.重复→___________________adj.重复的→_______________________ n.重复
4._____________n.心理学;心理;心理影响→_____________adj.心理(学)的→_____________n.心理学家
alcohol
alcoholic
alcoholic
physical
physically
repeatedly
repeat
repeated
repetition
psychology
psychological
psychologist
5.________ n.回报;奖励;报酬__________vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬→______________adj.有益的;有意义的;报酬高的
6.______________ vi.依赖;依靠;信赖→__________ adj.可信赖的;可靠的
7.__________ vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验
→______________ n.考试(=exam);检查;审查
8.__________ adj.悲观的;悲观主义的→______________ n.悲观主义
9.____________________ vt.& vi.组成;作曲;撰写→____________________n.组成;作曲;作文
→____________________n.作曲家
reward
reward
rewarding
rely
reliable
examine
examination
pessimistic
pessimism
compose
composition
composer
10.__________ vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼
→__________ adj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的
11.____________n.专科医生;专家
→____________ adj.特别的;专门的
→_____________adv.特别地;专门
→_____________vt.专门研究;专门从事
12.____________n.顾问;高级顾问医师
→_____________ vt.& vi.请教;咨询__________vt.查阅;参看
disturb
disturbing
specialist
special
specially
specialize
consultant
consult
consult
13.________________adj.含糖的;甜的
→__________________n.糖
14.____________ vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新
→____________ adj.令人振奋的
→______________ n.焕发精神;恢复活力
15.__________ vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收
→__________ adj.专心致志的;全神贯注的
sugary
sugar
refresh
refreshing
refreshment
absorb
absorbed
三、重点短语
1.______________________回答;答复
2.______________________依赖;依靠;信赖
3.______________________立即;马上
4.______________________决定;选定
5.______________________下定决心
6.______________________由……组成(或构成)的
7.______________________剃掉;刮去
8.______________________焦虑不安;心力交瘁
9.______________________筋疲力尽的;疲惫的
10.______________________除……以外
in response to
rely on/upon
straight away
decide on
make up one's mind
be composed of
shave off
stressed out
worn out
aside from
四、典型句式
1.if条件状语从句的省略
教材原句:These bad habits,if left unchecked,could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
2.either...or...
教材原句:After I attended your summer camp about health and lifestyle choices,I realised I hardly ever felt well,either physically or mentally.
3.get+过去分词
教材原句:I get refreshed through climbing,spend more time with my dad,and get to meet new friends.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The drug increases the number of red cells in the blood,__________(enhance) oxygen uptake by 10 percent.
2.When she entered the dark room,fear __________(dominate) her straight away.
3.He told us some funny jokes in English with the aim of _________(stimulate) our interest in studying English.
4.The little girl __________(skip) over the fence and rushed to her mother happily.
enhancing
dominated
stimulating
skipped
5.I regret to inform you that your name ____________________(delete) from the list.
6.I never expected that he ____________________(abuse) the trust I placed in him.
7.The nurse was so kind to him that she washed and __________(shave) him.
8.We all like __________(comedy) that make us relaxed.
has been deleted
would abuse
shaved
comedies
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.You will __________________________with a Chinese dictionary for your _______________suggestions on how to strengthen my confidence.(reward)
2.What made me annoyed was that the __________noise outside completely __________my mind.(disturb)
3.He regards me as a ___________________friend,and _______________on me to offer him some good advice.(rely)
4.Don't consume so many ____________________foods because too much ____________________is harmful to our health.(sugar)
5.His new ____________that he __________last week attracted lots of attention,which was beyond our expectations.(compose)
be rewarded　
rewarding　
disturbing
disturbed
reliable
relies
sugary
sugar
composition
composed
6.The welcome party is ______________held for the ________________who _______________in surgery.(specialist)
7.I must __________the experienced ____________about how much exercise I should attempt.(consultant)
8.Those who have a good knowledge of ____________________are called ____________,who can handle ____________ problems with ease.(psychology)
specially
specialist
specializes
consult
consultant
psychology
psychologists
psychological
9.①We have a tendency to get __________(refresh) through workout,leading to studying effectively.
②It was a very hot day and the water was very __________(refresh).
10.①Applicants are selected for jobs on the results of a competitive ________________ (examine).
②It is necessary ___________________(examine)how the proposals can be carried out.
refreshed
refreshing
examination
to examine
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.Since I have little knowledge of computers,I can only _______________
you to give me some help.
2.Hearing the news that her parents would return from work soon,the girl jumped with joy ___________________.
3.After comparing the prices and styles of those shoes,the customer finally __________________the black shoes.
4.I ____________________to shoulder my own responsibility to support the family.
5.Our team ____________________three scientists,a guide and two soldiers who protected our safety.
rely on/upon
straight away
decided on
made up my mind
was composed of
Ⅳ.微写作
1.如果给他们一个展示自己画作的机会,他们一定会给我们一个大大的惊喜。____________________________________________________________,they are bound to give us a big surprise.
2.在中国,许多父母把大多数时间都用在工作或照顾孩子上。
In China,many parents spend most of their time__________________________ _________________________.
3.如果你碰巧在野外迷路了,最好待在原地等待救援。
If you happen to ______________________________,you'd better stay where you are and wait for help.
get lost in the wild
If given an opportunity to display their own paintings　
either working or
caring for kids
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.reward n.回报;奖励;报酬 vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬→rewarding adj.有益的;有意义的
[练会]单句语法填空
①With grateful tears hanging in his eyes,he insisted on rewarding us _______a lot of money for helping him.(读后续写之情感描写)
②Through the award ceremony,we are aware that we should study harder as a reward __________the patient instructions of our parents and teachers.(应用文之发言稿)
with的复合结构
with
for
[写美]微写作·背诵
③我非常高兴向你介绍这个既有意义又重要的成人礼(coming-of-age ceremony)。(应用文之活动介绍)
I am more than delighted to __________________________________________
_________________________________________.
introduce the rewarding and important
coming-of-age ceremony to you
归纳(1)give/offer a reward to sb for (doing) sth 为(做)某事而给某人报酬
as a reward for作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
(2)reward sb with sth for (doing) sth 为(做)某事用……奖赏/酬谢某人
佳句About 2 hours later,we all reached the top.Though out of breath,we were rewarded with beautiful scenery.
大约两小时后,我们都到了山顶。尽管(累得)上气不接下气,但是我们看到了美丽的风景。
2.rely vi.依赖;依靠;信赖
[练会]单句语法填空
①As he lacks relevant experience,you can't rely on him _______________
(perform) the task.
②You can rely on __________that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors' understanding of traditional Chinese culture.(应用文之自荐信)
to perform
it
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③我最尊敬我的叔叔,因为每当我处于困境中时,我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。
→I respect my uncle most because I can _____________________________
______________________whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon sb to do sth)
→I respect my uncle most because I can ______________________________
________________________whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon it that...)
rely on/upon him to offer me some
rely on/upon it that he can offer me
practical suggestions
some practical suggestions
归纳(1)rely on sb/sth for sth 依靠某人/某物得到某物
rely on sb/sth to do sth 指望/相信……会做某事
rely on (doing)...依赖/信任/指望……
rely on it that...相信……;指望……
(2)depend on/count on依靠;依赖
(3)reliable adj.可信赖的;可靠的
佳句Bernard made up his mind to follow their examples and become a person whom others can rely on for help.
伯纳德决心以他们为榜样,成为一个别人可以依靠的人。
3.make up one's mind下定决心
[练会]单句语法填空
①Suddenly a terrible thought came __________my mind.
②After a heated discussion,we made up our minds ________________(record) our experiences at school.
③With so much noise around,the boy could not fix his mind __________what he was doing at all.
④Every time the memory of the Halloween flashed __________my mind,I laughed myself to death.
引导时间状语从句
into
to record
on/upon
through
[写美]词汇升级·背诵
⑤First of all,remember that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time.
→First of all,_______________________________that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time.
bear/keep in mind
归纳make up one's mind to do sth 下定决心做某事
bear/keep...in mind(bear/keep in mind that...)将……记在心中
cross/flash through one's mind(念头等)出现在脑中,突然想起
come into one's mind进入某人的脑海
fix one's mind on/upon...全神贯注于
佳句I made up my mind to shoulder my own responsibility to educate the children.
我决心肩负起教育孩子的责任。
4.compose vt.& vi.组成;作曲;撰写;使镇静→composer n.作曲家→composition n.组成;构成;创作;作品
[练会]单句语法填空
①The __________(compose) of the group that is studied depends on the interests of the researcher.
②This man with a beard deserves his fame as one of the most popular __________(composer) in Western musical history.
③Our club _________________________________(compose) principally of students,with a combination of young clerks.
composition
composers
was composed
[写美]微写作·背诵
④看到她同桌在犯同样的错误,埃玛皱起了眉头,努力使自己镇定下来。(读后续写之神态描写)
Seeing her deskmate making the same mistake,Emma frowned,making an effort to _____________________.
compose herself
归纳be composed of/be made up of/be comprised of/consist of由……组成
compose oneself镇静下来;安下心来
佳句I strongly suggest that our English film appreciation course (should) be composed of enjoying the film,talking about wonderful movie lines and dubbing.(应用文之建议信)
我强烈建议我们的英语电影欣赏课程由欣赏电影、讨论精彩台词和给电影配音组成。
5.stressed out 疲惫不堪;焦虑不安
[练会]单句语法填空
①When we are worn out or stressed __________,home is always a shelter for us to have a rest.
②Every time I am __________stress,I will turn to my parents for help without hesitation.
out
under
[写美]微写作·背诵
③面对即将到来的紧张的高中生活,你不仅焦虑不安而且你也处在巨大压力之下。在我个人看来,再怎么强调良好心态的重要性也不为过。(应用文写作之建议信)
Faced with __________________________________________,not only are you ______________but you also are _____________________.Personally,I _______________________________________________________________too much.
the approaching stressful senior high school life
stress/lay stress on the importance/significance of a good state of mind
stressed (out)
under great stress
归纳(1)stress n.压力 vt.强调
under stress在压力之下
lay/place/put stress on/upon...强调……
(2)stressed adj.焦虑不安的
stressful adj.压力重的;紧张的
佳句When feeling stressed,you'd better have a talk with someone you trust.
当感到有压力时,你最好和你信任的人谈谈。
6.absorb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→absorbed adj.全神贯注的
[练会]单句语法填空
①__________(absorb) in painting,John didn't notice evening approaching.
②The boy sat beside the window,absorbing __________(he) in a novel.
Absorbed
himself
[写美]一句多译·背诵
③我全神贯注于那个项目,经常忘了吃饭或睡觉。
→I _____________________________________that project,and I frequently forgot about eating or sleeping.
→___________________________________,I frequently forgot about eating or sleeping.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→______________________________,I frequently forgot about eating or sleeping.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
Absorbing myself in that project
absorbed myself in/was absorbed in
Absorbed in that project
归纳(1)absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
absorb...into...把……吸收进……
absorb oneself in...专心于;全神贯注于
(2) (be) absorbed in...全神贯注于……
佳句Only if you are absorbed in your work can you make great achievements.
只有专心工作,你才能做出大的成就。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
1.abuse
A.vt. 虐待 B.vt. 滥用 C.n.滥用
①He abused alcohol and tobacco,so he was physically unhealthy.____________________
②Mary has a difficult life and is often abused by her stepmother.____________________
③To our shock,people of high rank suffered a lot from drug abuse.____________________
B
A
C
2.skip
A.vt.不参加;不做 B. vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走 C.vi.& vt. 略过;跳过
①I skipped over the last part of the book.____________________
②She watched her little granddaughter skip down the path.____________________
③If you really hate to skip a day,you can plan easy exercises on other days.____________________
C
B
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.stage
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n.______________________ (2023浙江1月卷)There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about.
n.______________________ Hamlet is on stage for most of the act.
生义 vt._____________________ The local drama group is staging a production of the musical “Sound of Music”.
vt._____________________ Beijing staged the Olympic Games in 2008.
阶段;发展时期
舞台
上演,演出
举办,组织
2.Fall
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.____________________________ The object appeared to have fallen from a great height.
vi.____________________________ The temperature could fall below zero overnight.
vi._____________________________ The audience was still laughing as the curtain fell.
生义 vi._____________________________ My birthday will fall on a Friday this year.
vi._____________________________ The material falls into three categories.
vi._____________________________ His spirits fell when he saw the distance he still had to go.
(突然)跌倒,摔落
(规模、数量或力量)减少,降低
落下;降落;落幕;(戏剧或演出)结束
落,降临;发生
属于(某一群体、学科或领域)
脸色变阴沉,情绪变低落
重点句型透视
either...or...或者……或者……;不是……就是……
[教材原句] After I attended your summer camp about health and lifestyle choices,I realised I hardly ever felt well,either physically or mentally.
在我参加了你的关于健康和生活方式选择的夏令营之后,我意识到我几乎从未感觉健康,无论是身体上还是精神上。
[练会]单句语法填空
①Either he or the students __________(be) to perform the experiment that is due tomorrow.
②Although Mary loved flowers,__________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
③Last year,neither the experts nor the physician __________(be) enthusiastic about the cure for the severe disease.
are
neither
was
[写美]微写作·背诵
④我的父母和我都讲一口流利的英语,这使我们能与外国客人顺利交流。
______________________________________________________,making us communicate with foreign guests smoothly.
Not only my parents but I speak English fluently
归纳(1)either...or...可连接并列成分。连接并列主语时,谓语的数与靠近它的主语一致。
(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词:neither...nor...既不……也不……
not...but...不是……而是……
not only...but (also)...不但……而且……
佳句You can have a taste of these traditional crafts by either seeing how to make them or trying them by yourself.(应用文之发言稿)
你可以通过观看如何制作这些传统手工艺或亲自尝试来体验这些传统手工艺。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.Whenever some troublesome problems emerged,I would rely ____________
him to give me a hand.
2.I would like to invite you to the exhibition in reward _______________ your timely and generous help during my stay in Beijing.
3.I made up my mind _____________________ (decline) to accept the precious vase that he purchased for me.
on/upon
for
to decline
4.The sales representative was fond of the book and decided _________buying it straight away.
5.The musical festival was worthy of being seen and it was composed _______
many appealing programs.
on/upon　
of
B组　高考链接
6.(2022全国乙卷)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of __________(sugar) drink they produce or import,depending on the sugar content.
7.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When he was 16,Molai began to notice something ____________(disturb) happening around his home.
8.(2020江苏卷)Most obviously,the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had __________(skip) breakfast than when they had eaten.
sugary
disturbing　
skipped
9.(2020江苏卷)We are _________________(repeat) willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover.
10.(浙江卷)John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named __________(compose)
of the year.
composers
repeatedly
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
Balancing one's work and personal life can be rather difficult.Many people get into 1. __________ cycle of coming home from work and watching TV or surfing the Internet.Although this may seem 2.__________(refresh),it is not appropriate in the long term for personal growth.Therefore,3.__________ the sake of a healthy personal life,it is essential to be 4.____________ (discipline) and not just rely 5.__________ such passive activities.Show some passion and challenge yourself 6.___________ (do)something different every night,if only for one hour at least.Set yourself goals,find a hobby that 7._________ (stimulate) your mind,or just get round to 8. _________(do)all those little things you've been meaning to do.Once you resist allowing work 9._____________ (dominate) your life,you will be rewarded 10.__________ a great sense of achievement.
with
the
refreshing
for
disciplined
on
to do
stimulates
doing
to dominate
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
续写微情景
第一步　单句写作
1.在令人不安的高考前,我是如此悲观和焦虑不安,以至于我经常感到头晕。(disturbing,pessimistic,stressed out,dizzy)
Before the __________College Entrance Examination,I _________________
_________________that I often _______________.
2.既疲惫又沮丧,我不能全神贯注于学习。(worn out,absorbed)
_________________________,I couldn't __________________________.
3.什么也不能振奋我的精神。(refresh)
Nothing could ____________________.
felt dizzy
disturbing
and stressed out
was so pessimistic
be absorbed in my study
Worn out and frustrated
refresh my spirits
4.无穷无尽的痛苦和不安控制了我的生活,我的心像被针扎一样。(dominate)
Limitless pain and uneasiness ______________________and my heart felt as if it had been stabbed by a needle.
5.意识到我糟糕的状况,我的老师们竭尽全力激发我的学习热情,增强我的自信心。(stimulate,enhance)
Sensing my terrible state,my teachers did whatever they could ____________
___________________________________________________.
6.最终,我获得了巨大进步的回报,我的眼里满是喜悦和感激。(reward)
Finally I ______________________________,and my eyes were filled with joy and appreciation.
dominated my life
my learning enthusiasm and enhance my self-confidence
to stimulate
was rewarded with great progress
第二步　句式升级
7.用so...that改写的倒装句改写句1
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Before the disturbing College Entrance Examination,so pessimistic and stressed out was I that I often felt dizzy.
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Before the disturbing College Entrance Examination,so pessimistic and stressed out was I that I often felt dizzy.Worn out and frustrated,I couldn’t be absorbed in my study.Nothing could refresh my spirits.Limitless pain and uneasiness dominated my life and my heart felt as if it had been stabbed by a needle.Sensing my terrible state,my teachers did whatever they could to stimulate my learning enthusiasm and enhance my self-confidence.Finally I was rewarded with great progress,and my eyes were filled with joy and appreciation.
研真题链接高考
(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读D)——一个关于唇齿音演化的成果
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds,from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as “f” and “v”,were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Dami n Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐),making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by
touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构),making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.
一、理清脉络
二、真题再做
32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Dami n Blasi's research focus on
A.Its variety. B.Its distribution. C.Its quantity. D.Its development.
D　
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Now a team of researchers led by Damin Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.”可知,Damin Blasi的研究关注的是人类语言的发展。故选D项。
33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B.They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
C
推理判断题。根据第三段可知,古代成年人的上下门牙排列整齐,很难产生唇齿音,唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙形成的。后来,我们的下巴变成了覆颌结构,更容易发出这样的声音。由此可知,古代成年人难以发出唇齿音的原因是覆颌结构不好。故选C项。
34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A.Supporting evidence for the research results.
B.Potential application of the research findings.
C.A further explanation of the research methods.
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.
A
段落大意题。第五段提到,一个语言数据库的分析也证实,新石器时代之后,世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化,在过去的几千年里,“ f ”和“ v ”的使用显著增加。这些音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然找不到。由此可知,第五段是为上文提到的研究发现进一步提供证据。故选A项。
35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A.It is key to effective communication.
B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C.It is a complex and dynamic system.
D.It drives the evolution of human beings.
细节理解题。根据最后一段Steven Moran说的话可知,自人类出现以来,我们所使用的语音并不一定一直保持稳定,而是我们今天发现的各种语音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂因素相互作用的产物。由此可知,语言是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。
C
三、语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词义 例句
__________ appearance ______ “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.
appear
出现
词根 派生 词义 例句
__________ remarkably ______ Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.
remarkable
显著地
2.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
note _______________ More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals,such as “f” and “v”,were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.
present _______________ This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.
v.指出,特别提到
adj.存在的
3.积累高频词块
(1)speech sound __________
(2)the upper and lower front teeth __________
(3)the lower lip __________
(4)the popular view ____________
(5)remain stable __________
4.赏析续写佳句
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.
这项研究推翻了一种流行的观点,__________________________________
__________________。
语音
上下门牙
下嘴唇
普遍的观点
保持稳定
即在大约30万年前人类进化时,所有的
人类语音都存在
5.破解复杂句式
(1)A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
分析:此句是主从复合句。第一个that引导______________从句,该从句的谓语为______________,在该从句中有一个that引导的___________从句,修饰先行词_____________________。
译文: _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
宾语
led to
定语
speech sounds
变化,从而产生了一些新的语音。这些语音目前存在于世界上一半的语中。
一项为期五年的突破性研究表明,由于饮食改变,人类咬合发生了
(2)They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐),making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.
分析:此句是主从复合句。that引导___________从句,在该从句中making it hard to produce labiodentals是现在分词短语作_________________语。在这个现在分词短语中it作___________________语,动词不定式作真正的__________语。which引导______________________从句,修饰先行词____________________。
译文: _______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
宾语
结果状
形式宾
宾
非限制性定语
labiodentals
唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙形成的。
他们发现,古代人类成年人的上下门牙排列整齐,很难产生唇齿音,(共61张PPT)
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
练续写 锤炼技能
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.(使)融化;熔化;软化
2.　　　　　　 vt.& n.排放;释放;发布
3.　　　　　　 n.燃料;刺激性言行
4.　　　　　　　　 adj.全部的;所有的;详尽的
5.　　　　　　 n.趋势;趋向;动向
6.　　　　　　　　 vt.& vi.(　　　　　　　,　　　　　　)播送;广播;传播　n.广播节目;电视节目
7.　　　　　　 n.政策;方针;原则
melt
release
fuel
comprehensive
trend
broadcast
broadcast
broadcast
policy
8.　　　　　　 vt.抓住;夺取;控制
9. 　　　　　　vt.& vi.改革;(使)改正;改造　n.改革;变革;改良
10.　　　　　 vt.(　　　　　,　　　　　　)经历;经受(变化、不快等)
11.　　　　　　 n.混乱;杂乱;紊乱
12.　　　　　　 vt.恢复;使复原;修复
13.　　　　　　 n.(一)打;十二个
14.　　　　　　 vt.对……处以罚款
15.　　　　　　 n.运动;战役　vi.& vt.参加运动;领导运动
seize
reform
undergo
underwent
undergone
chaos
restore
dozen
fine
campaign
二、派生单词
1.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.(使)挨饿;饿死
→ 　　　　　　n.饥饿;饿死
→ 　　　　　　adj.挨饿的;即将饿死的
2.　　　　　 vt.维持;遭受;承受住
→ 　　　　　 adj.可持续的;合理利用的
3.　　　　　 adv.频繁地;经常
→ 　　　　　adj.频繁的
→ 　　　　　　　n.频繁;频率
4.　　　　　 vt.限制;限定;束缚
→ 　　　　　　n.限制规定;限制法规;约束
→ 　　　　　　　adj.限制性的;约束性的
starve
starvation
starving
sustain
sustainable
frequently
frequent
frequency
restrict
restriction
restrictive
5.　　　　　　　 adj.和谐的
→ 　　　　　　n.和谐
→ 　　　　　　　adv.和谐地
6. 　　　　　　　vt.& vi.提交;呈递;屈服
→ 　　　　　　　n.提交(物);呈递(书);屈服
7.　　　　　　 adj.敏感的;善解人意的;灵敏的
→ 　　　　　adj.明智的;合理的
→ 　　　　　 n.意义;感官　vt.感觉到;察觉到
8.　　　　　　　 n.(对环境、文物等)保护;保持
→ 　　　　　　　 adj.保守的;守旧的
→ 　　　　　　 v.保护;保存;节省;节约
harmonious
harmony
harmoniously
submit
submission
sensible
sensitive
sense
conservation
conservative
conserve
9.　　　　　 n.检查;查看;视察
→ 　　　　　　 vt.检查;视察;检阅
→ 　　　　　　　 n.检察员;督察员
10.　　　　　 vt.忍受;包容;容许
→ 　　　　　 adj.宽容的;容忍的
→ 　　　　　　　 n.容忍
inspection
inspect
inspector
tolerate
tolerant
tolerance
三、重点短语
1.　　　　　　　　　　 代表(代替)某人
2.　　　　　　　　　　 许多;很多
3.　　　　　　　　　　 对……有影响
4.　　　　　　　　　　 导致
5.　　　　　　　　　　 对……造成损害
6.　　　　　　　　　　 采取措施
7.　　　　　　　　　　 处理
8.　　　　　　　　　　 有助于;导致
on behalf of
dozens of
have an impact on
lead to
cause damage to
take measures
deal with
contribute to
9.　　　　　　　　　　 履行;执行
10.　　　　　　　　　　 在实施中;实际上
11.　　　　　　　　　　 被困在……
12.　　　　　　　　　　 最终……
carry out
in effect
be trapped in
end up
四、典型句式
1.There is little doubt that...毫无疑问……
教材原句:There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph).
2.含蓄虚拟条件句
教材原句:Without this process,Earth could not sustain life.
3.It is believed that...
教材原句:With these measures,it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The program “Talk and Talk” __________________　　　　　(broadcast) by our school's radio station for 5 years,and is well received.
2.As is expected,the boy will try his best __________(seize) the golden chance to go abroad to broaden his horizons.
3.I ________________ (release) from my contract when the war broke out.
4.The unfair wage system must _____________ (reform) as soon as possible.
has been broadcast
to seize
was released
be reformed
5.He 　　　　　　　　(undergo) 25 operations and wears a prosthetic leg.
6.This beautiful old building 　　　　　　　　(restore) to its former glory.
7.He promised there would be no backtracking on 　　　　　　(policy).
8.　　　　　　(dozen) of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire.
9.He 　　　　　　　　 (fine) five thousand dollars and given a severe criticism.
10.At the moment Joan 　　　　　　　　(campaign) for equal rights for women.
has undergone
has been restored
Policies
Dozens
has been fined
is campaigning
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.As is known to us all,a 　　　　　　　society means that human beings can live in 　　　　　　with each other.(harmony)
2.The teacher walked around 　　　　　　　the students' work and the
　　　　　　　　　　could make them more focused.(inspect)
3.To our shock,many children in underdeveloped regions die of _________.　
So we should try to prevent them 　　　　　　to death.(starve)
4.Have you 　　　　　　your proposals Do keep in mind that the final date for the 　　　　　　is May 15.(submit)
5.Water 　　　　　　　is so important that we must pay much attention to 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　our drinking water.(conserve)
harmonious
harmony
inspecting
inspection
starvation
starving
submitted
submission
conservation
conserving
6.I 　　　　　　that he was very 　　　　　　to what others said and he couldn't make 　　　　　　choices.(sense)
7.As a consequence of 　　　　　　　　smoking,the 　　　　　　　of his asthma attacks is increasing,and he coughs 　　　　　　　.(frequent)
8.I'm in favour of __________,but it's a difficult thing __________　　　　　his bad behavior.(tolerate)
9.For example,some countries ________by quantitative _________.(restrict)
10.The government should 　　　　　　its original policy to promote __________agriculture.(sustain)
sensed
sensitive
sensible
frequent
frequency
frequently
tolerance
to tolerate
restrict
restriction
sustain
sustainable
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　 my company,I must express my thanks to you again and again for your generous help when we were in great trouble.
2.The government must 　　　　　　　　　　to reduce crime in the area.
3.Arts 　　　　　　　　　　　　cultural development when people gather together to share their experience.
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　 doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks.
5.Jim entered the competition without much hope,not thinking he would __________with the first prize.
On behalf of
take measures
contribute to
Dozens of
end up
It is believed that with our joint efforts
Ⅳ.微写作
1.毫无疑问,不健康的早餐不但对我们的健康有害,而且对我们的学习不利。
________________________ an unhealthy breakfast will do harm not only to our health but also to our studies.
2.没有强烈的团队精神,我们就不会高效地完成我们的任务。
Without a strong teamwork spirit,___________________________________ very efficiently.
3.(2022全国甲卷)人们相信,在我们的共同努力下,未来我们可以拥有更干净的海洋。
_____________________________________,we can have cleaner oceans in the future.
There is little doubt that
we wouldn't complete our tasks
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿;饿死→starvation n.饥饿;饿死→starving adj.挨饿的;即将饿死的
[练会]单句语法填空
① What shocks the scientists is that many seals have died of 　 　 　 　 (starve) because of global warming,so we must protect the environment in case more seals might starve 　　　　　　death.
②Fear held us entirely in its power,and it made us be starving
(flee) for safety.(读后续写之情感描写)
引导表语从句
starvation
to
to flee
[写美]微写作·背诵
③我渴望学好英语,因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。(应用文之语言学习)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.
I am starving to study English well
归纳(1)starve to death 饿死
be starving for sth/to do sth 渴望某事/做某事
starve...for/of...使……缺乏
(2)be starved of/for sth 缺乏某物
(3)die of starvation 饿死
佳句Penniless and starving,the child stood near the road and begged for a meal,otherwise he would starve to death.(读后续写之动作描写)
这个孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘,站在路边要饭,否则就会饿死。
2.seize vt.抓住;夺取;控制
[练会]单句语法填空
①I 　　　　　　　　(seize) by a wave of fear;shaking like a leaf,
I had never been so scared in all my life.(读后续写之情感描写)
②Bob seized 　　　　　　the rain as an excuse for missing school.
③If you don't get along well with oral English,why not seize a chance
　　　　　　 (join)our Spoken English Club to strengthen your expression competence (应用文之建议信)
比喻
was seized
on/upon
to join
[写美]微写作·背诵
④他一跃而起,从她手里抢过钱,冲了出去。但亚当抓住了他的胳膊,把她的钱要了回来。(读后续写之动作描写)
He sprung to his feet,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 her and dashed out.But Adam 　　　　　　　　　　　　and got her money back.
seized the money from
seized him by the arm
归纳seize power夺取政权
seize sth from sb 从某人手中夺取某物
seize sb by the...抓住某人(的某个身体部位)
seize the chance/opportunity to do sth 抓住做某事的机会
seize on/upon抓住(可利用的事物);突然对……大为关注
佳句The moment I saw my father's cloudy face,panic seized me.(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
我一看到父亲阴云密布的脸,就感到恐惧。
3.on behalf of代表(代替)某人
[练会]写出behalf相关短语的含义
①I would like to thank you all on behalf of the department.　　　　　
②She seldom has a rest in behalf of those who are in trouble.　　　　　　　　
③Please don't miss the wonderful match on behalf of me.　　　　　　　　　
代表
为了帮助
因为
[写美]一句多译·背诵
④我代表我们学校热情、真诚地欢迎你们来到中国。(应用文之欢迎辞)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I welcome you to China warmly and sincerely.(behalf)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I welcome you to China warmly and sincerely.(represent)
Representing our school
On behalf of our school/On our school's behalf
归纳on sb's behalf(=on behalf of) 代表/代替某人,因为某人
in behalf of 为帮助某人
佳句Our team will take part in a variety of activities,such as participating in some national competitions on behalf of our school.(应用文之活动介绍)
我们团队将参加各种各样的活动,例如代表我们学校参加一些全国性比赛。
4.dozens of 许多;很多
[练会]单句语法填空/补全句子
①The hurricane blew away 　　　　　　　　(dozen) of farming villages and brought down 　　　　　　(thousand) of trees.
②We received 　　　　　　(score) of books for nothing.
③You will be able to take 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(一百二十个瓶子) free of duty through customs.
dozens
thousands
scores
ten dozen/six score bottles
[写美]微写作·背诵
④我了解到这次展览包括徐悲鸿、齐白石、张大千等中国著名艺术家的许多杰作。(应用文之邀请信)
I have learned that the exhibition consists of　　　　　　　　　　
masterpieces painted by Chinese famous artists,such as Xu Beihong,Qi Baishi,Zhang Daqian,etc.
⑤成千上万的奶牛不再产奶,五十万头猪和千百万只小鸡全都死了。
　　　　　　　　　　 cows would never give milk again.Half a million pigs and 　　　　　　　　　　　　chickens were dead.
由……组成
millions of
dozens of
Thousands of
归纳(1)数词/several/a+dozen+复数名词 成打的/几打/十二个……
dozens of+复数名词 几十个……
(2)数词/several/a+score+复数名词 几十/二十个……
scores of+复数名词 几十个……
佳句We had fun in the beach,picking up dozens/scores of shells.(应用文之活动介绍)
我们在沙滩上玩得很开心,捡了许多贝壳。
点津其他类似用法:
数字/several+hundred/thousand/million+复数名词……百/千/百万……。
hundreds/thousands/millions of+复数名词 数以百计/成千上万/千百万……。
5.tolerate vt.忍受;包容;容许→tolerant adj.宽容的,容忍的→tolerance n.容忍
[练会]单句语法填空
①I can't tolerate 　　　　　　　(work) with Kate in the same office,who is always talking and laughing.
②To be honest,my 　　　　　　is not limitless,so I will not be always
　　　　　　　　 of your rude behavior.(tolerate)
　　　　　　
说实话
working
tolerance
tolerant
[写美]微写作·背诵
③由于无法容忍学生在考试中作弊,我们将发起一场活动让学生意识到诚信的重要性。(应用文之倡议书)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,a campaign is to be launched to make students realize the importance of honesty.
As we cannot tolerate students cheating in exams
归纳(1)tolerate(sb) doing sth 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
(2)be tolerant of/towards对……宽容
(3) bear/stand vt.忍受
put up with忍受;容忍
佳句Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinions.(读后续写之主旨升华)
朋友之间应该学会忍耐对方恼人的习惯,并允许意见出现分歧。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
release
A.vt.排放　B.n.发布　C.vt.释放,放走　D.vt.首映(电影);发布
①The new film will be released on July 16 in the downtown cinema.　　
②The kind girl decided to release the bird from the cage.　　
③The new software is planned for release in April.　　
④The factory keeps releasing smoke,making the air dirty.　　
D
C
B
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.bear
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. 　　　　　　 (2023全国甲卷)Our hope is to have a clean,attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits...
vt. 　　　　　　 It's your decision—you have to bear the responsibility if things go wrong.
生义 vt. 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 Their baby bears a strong resemblance to its grandfather.
熊
承担
具有,带有
项目 意义 例句
生义 vt.　　　　　　　　　 The chair,too fragile to bear her weight,collapsed.
vt.　　　　　　　　　 The pear tree they planted has never borne fruit.
vt. 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 At Christmas the family all arrive at the house bearing gifts.
续　表
负载,负担
结(果实)
携带;运送
2.level
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. 　　　　　　　　 　　　　 (2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷)They make me feel valued and respected,no matter my level of artistic ability.
生义 vt. 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 Level the wet cement before it sets.
vt. 　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 　　　　　　　　　 The bombing levelled the village.
adj.　　　　　　　　 　 　 The top of the tree is level with his bedroom window.
高度相等的,等高的
能力,水平,级别
弄平,使平整
将……夷为平地,彻底摧毁
重点句型透视
There is little doubt that...
[教材原句] There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph).
毫无疑问,地球正在变得越来越温暖(见图表)。
[练会]单句语法填空
①There is no doubt 　　　　　　these advantages are of great help for me to become a good volunteer.
②There is still some doubt 　　　　　　the autumn sports meet will be held in our school.
that
whether
don' t doubt that you have the ability to
our project successfully
[写美]微写作·背诵
③我挠了挠头,不自信地小声说道:“我怀疑我是否能够成功地完成我们的项目,但是我会尽力。”我的搭档向我投来坚定的表情,说道:“毫无疑问你会遇到许多挑战,但是我毫不怀疑你有独自完成项目的能力。”带着他对我的信任,我走出了病房。
I scratched my head,whispering without confidence,“ ____________________________________________________________________________,but I will make every effort.” My partner cast a determined look at me,uttering,“ ____________________you will meet with many challenges,but I ____________________________________complete our project alone.” With his faith in me,I walked out of the ward.
There is some doubt/I have some doubt/I doubt whether I can finish
There is no doubt that
归纳(1)There is no/little doubt that... “毫无疑问……”,that在句中引导同位语从句。
There is some doubt whether...有……疑问
Sb has/have no doubt that...毫无疑问……
(2)I don't/never doubt that...我确信……
I doubt whether/if...我怀疑是否……
佳句There is no doubt that/We have no doubt that/We don't doubt that your participation will contribute to our winning the championship in the game.
毫无疑问,你的参与将有助于我们在比赛中赢得冠军。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.Whenever the consultant in psychology was worn out,he was starving
　　　　　　a cup of coffee to refresh himself.
2.On behalf 　　　　　　our school,I appeal to each student to take more physical exercise.
3.The dentist was sensitive 　　　　　　criticism,so she couldn't tolerate being criticized by others.
4.The surgeon can't tolerate 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(disturb) by others when he is absorbed in reading.
5.My son never submits himself to hardships,so I reward him with dozens
　　　　　　　adventure books.
for
of
to
being disturbed
of
B组　高考链接
6.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Most 　　　　　　　　(frequent),the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”.
7.(2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Across the 320 　　　　　　　(submit),a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.
8.(2023浙江1月卷) 　　　　　　　　　(conserve) organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens,businesses,schools,cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
frequently
submissions
Conservation
9.(2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Over the last seven years,most states have banned texting by drivers,and public service 　　　　　　　(campaign) have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
10.(2020江苏卷) Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood sugar 　　　　　　　　　(regulate)...
regulation
campaigns
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
As we all know,our school is launching 1. 　　　　　　 campaign to build a civilized campus,which begins with a civilized person.2. 　　　　　 a consequence,there is no doubt 3. 　　　　　　we students should do our bit 4.____________ (contribute) to a beautiful campus.In effect,while in the canteen,it's good manners to queue 5. 　　　　　 for food and we should never tolerate 6. 　　　　(waste) food.Furthermore,to keep a clean campus,under no circumstances should we litter anywhere or 7.__________(spit)around.Instead,we should classify different kinds of garbage and then dispose of garbage properly to reduce 8. __________(pollute). So long as we do our part,our campus 9.______________ (become) a better and 10._________________(harmony) place to study and live in.Let's take action.
more harmonious
a
As
that
to contribute
up
wasting
spit
pollution
will become
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
应用文——倡议书
第一步　单句写作
1.毫无疑问,社区是我们共同的家。(doubt)
____________________ community is our shared home.
2.我们大部分时间都在社区生活和放松。
We ______________________________in the community.
3.我无法容忍我们一些居民的涂鸦和乱扔垃圾的不正当行为。(tolerate)
_______________________________________________________:scribbling and littering everywhere.
There is no doubt that
spend most time living and relaxing
I can hardly tolerate some improper behavior among us residents　
4.必须采取措施解决这个问题,让垃圾得到妥善处理。(dispose)
__________________________to solve this issue and get the garbage properly ____________________.
5.居委会应在小区多放垃圾桶,并针对这些行为制定具体的规定。(garbage)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
6.应该鼓励居民养成良好的习惯和环保意识。
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
The neighborhood committee should place more garbage cans around and set up specific rules against those practices.
Measures/Steps must be taken
disposed of
Residents should be encouraged to develop good habits and awareness of environmental protection.
7.实际上,所有居民的共同努力将有助于建设一个更和谐、更宜居的社区。(effect,contribute,harmonious,habitable)______________,the joint effort of all residents will ____________________________________________________.
第二步　句式升级
8.把句2改为定语从句并和句1连接
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
Dear neighbors,
contribute to a more harmonious and habitable community
In effect
There is no doubt that community is our shared home,where we spend most time living and relaxing.
There is no doubt that community is our shared home,where we spend most time living and relaxing.However,I can hardly tolerate some improper behavior among us residents:scribbling and littering everywhere.Measures/Steps must be taken to solve this issue and get the garbage properly disposed of.
In my view,the neighborhood committee should place more garbage cans around and set up specific rules against those practices.Meanwhile,residents should be encouraged to develop good habits and awareness of environmental protection.
In effect,the joint effort of all residents will contribute to a more harmonious and habitable community.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
练续写 锤炼技能
(十五)动作描写之“头部动作”
Ⅰ.语块必记
(一)头部
1.drop/lower/bend/bow one's head 低头
2.put/hold one's head in one's hands 双手抱头
3.nod one's head 点头
4.shake one's head 摇头
5.rest one's head on/against把头靠在……上面
6.bury one's head把头埋起来
7.scratch one's head挠了挠头
8.raise one's head仰头
9.throw one's head back头往后仰
(二)眼部
1.meet one's eyes 接触某人的目光
2.stare into one's eyes 凝视某人
3.fix one's eyes on 某人盯着
4.lower/drop one's eyes 垂下某人的眼睛
5.raise/lift one's eyes 抬起某人的眼睛
6.one's eyes shine/sparkle/glisten with excitement 某人眼里闪着兴奋的光芒
7.one's eyes fall/settle on...某人的目光落在……
8.one's eyes dance with amusement眼中洋溢着欢乐
9.narrow one's eyes眯起眼睛
10.shut one's eyes闭上眼睛
11.squeeze one's eyes shut紧闭双眼
12.look sb in the eye直视某人的眼睛
(三)嘴和唇
1.one's mouth widen 咧开嘴
2.cup/cover one's mouth 捂住某人的嘴
3.mouth drop/hang wide open 张大嘴巴
4.one's heart in one's mouth 提心吊胆
5.lick one's lips舔嘴唇
6.purse one's lips噘嘴
7.bite one's lip忍住话
Ⅱ.佳句背诵
1.头部动作
He scratched his head,not understanding a word.
他挠了挠头,一个字也听不懂。
His head drooped and tears fell into his lap.
他耷拉着脑袋,眼泪滴落在大腿上。
I fell asleep as soon as my head hit the pillow.
我头一碰到枕头就睡着了。
He put/held his head in his hands,greatly annoyed.
他双手抱头,十分生气。
It never entered my head that he might be lying.
我从未想过他会是在撒谎。
I decided to go for a walk to clear my head.
我决定去走走,清醒一下头脑。
2.眼部动作
The dog's hungry eyes were on my sandwich.
那条狗饥饿的目光落在我的三明治上。
He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning.
听到门把手转动的声音,他向门那边看去。
Tina squeezed her eyes shut and bit her lip.
蒂娜闭上双眼,咬了咬嘴唇。
She looked her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully.
她直视父亲的眼睛,诚实地回答了他的问题。
She laughed,her eyes shining/sparking/sparkling/glistening/glowing
with excitement.
她笑了,眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
His eyes grew wide/widened with horror at what she had done.
看到她所做的事,他惊恐地睁大了眼睛。
3.嘴唇动作
He covered his mouth to hide his yawn.
他捂住嘴偷偷打了个哈欠。
He straightened up and looked at me,open-mouthed.
他直起身,目瞪口呆地看着我。
She froze,her mouth hanging open.
她呆住了,嘴张着。
My mouth started watering when I smelled the food.
闻到食物的香味,我开始流口水了。
My heart was in my mouth when I walked into her office.
我走进她的办公室时,紧张得心都到了嗓子眼。
实战演练
1.按要求用表示头部动作的表达完成下列各句。
①史蒂文低着头,眼里含着泪,慢慢地向公交车走去。
Steven walked slowly to the bus,________________________________.
(独立主格)
②他觉得有人轻轻碰了一下他的胳膊。是他的朋友John向他点头微笑。
He felt a gentle touch on his arm.It was his friend John________________
________________________________________.
③尽管他心情不好,但是他低下头来掩饰,勉强笑了一下。
Though he was in a bad mood,he _________________________________
and managed a smile.
his head down,tears in his eyes
smiled at him/smiled at him with a nod
who nodded and
dropped/hung/lowered his head to hide it
④他一回到房中,就把头埋到被子底下,假装很累。
The instant he entered his room,he _____________________________,
pretending to be tired.
⑤他母亲停下了家务活,满眼诧异地抬起头。
His mother stopped her housework,_____________________________
_________.(非谓语动词短语作状语)
⑥史蒂文起来坐在母亲身边,将头靠在她的肩膀上,再也忍不住哭泣起来。
Steven rose,sat close to his mother,_________________________________,
and could hardly resist
weeping.
rested his head on/against her shoulder
buried his head under the quilt
raising her head with surprise in
her eyes
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Steven walked slowly to the bus,his head down,tears in his eyes.He felt a gentle touch on his arm.It was his friend John who nodded and smiled at him/smiled at him with a nod.Though he was in a bad mood,he dropped/hung/lowered his head to hide it and managed a smile.The instant he entered his room,he buried his head under the quilt,pretending to be tired.However,his mother stopped her housework,raising her head with surprise in her eyes.Then Steven rose,sat close to his mother,rested his head on/against her shoulder,and could hardly resist weeping.(共60张PPT)
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
研真题 链接高考
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1. __________ adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
2. __________ vi.(__________, __________)沉没;下沉;下降　vt.使下沉;使沉没
3. __________ n.毯子
4. __________ adj.痛苦的;令人难受的
5. __________ adj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的
6. __________ adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的
bitter
sink
sank/sunk
sunk
blanket
miserable
genuine
thorough
7. __________ n.家具
8. __________ vi.& n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声
9. __________ n.球拍;蝙蝠　vi.& vt.用球板击球;挥打;拍打
10. __________ adj.潮湿的;湿气重的
11. __________ n.侄子;外甥
12. __________ adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的
13. __________ n.候选人;应试者
furniture
bark
bat
damp
nephew
rough
candidate
二、派生单词
1. ____________ adj.热情的;热心的
→ ________________ adv.热情地
→ ____________ n.热情;热忱
2. ____________ vt.分派;布置;分配
→ ____________ n.任务;作业;分配
3. ____________ n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
→ ____________ vi.坚持;孜孜以求
4. ____________ vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)　n.决心;坚定的信念
→ ____________ n.决议;解决;坚定
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
assign
assignment
perseverance
persevere
resolve
resolution
5. ____________ adj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的
→ ____________ adv.残忍地;残酷地
→ ____________ n.残忍;残酷
6. ____________ adv.不幸地;遗憾地
→ ____________ (反) adv.幸运地
→ ____________ n.运气;财产
→ ____________ adj.幸运的
7. ____________ n.指导;引导;导航
→ ____________ n.导游;指南　vt.带领;引导;为……领路
8. ____________ n.承诺;保证;奉献
→ ___________ vt.犯(错误、罪行等)　vi.& vt.(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证→ ____________ adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
cruel
cruelly
cruelty
unfortunately
fortunately
fortune
fortunate
guidance
guide
commitment
commit
committed
三、重点短语
1. ______________拒绝(某人)
2. ______________ 生火
3. ______________ 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
4. ______________ 梦想
5. _____________________ 保持某人高昂的情绪
6. _____________________ 对……充满热情
turn sb down
make fire
give off
dream of/about
keep one's spirits up
be enthusiastic about
7. ____________________ 陷于
8. ____________________ 扔掉
9. ____________________ 使某人振作起来
10. ____________________ 每况愈下
11. ____________________对……厌倦
12. ____________________回报某人
become/be stuck in
throw away
cheer sb up
go from bad to worse
be bored with
pay sb back
四、典型句式
1.感叹句
教材原句:How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
2.as...as...
教材原句:How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees!
3.as long as 只要
教材原句:It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.
4.if引导的虚拟条件句
教材原句:If it weren't for sea animals,we would all starve.
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.When I learned that I failed in the exam,my heart __________(sink).
2.She was sitting in an armchair with __________(blanket) wrapped around her.
3.When she arrived home from work,the dog threw itself against the door and __________(bark) madly at her.
sank/sunk
blankets
barked
4.Look at the cat,which ____________________(bat) the balloon with its paw.
5.We have narrowed down the list to four __________(candidate).
6.Oliver had never seen a dirtier or ________________ (miserable) place.
7.She has three __________(nephew),one of whom works abroad.
8.The __________(rough) road is often the one that leads you to the top.
is batting
candidates
more miserable
nephews
roughest
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Today I am as ______________about my job as the first day and my ______________enables me to treat my job ______________.(enthusiastic)
2.Believe it or not,my husband was __________to me and his __________　always made me in low spirits.(cruel)
3._____________,he received a large __________from his uncle who is warm-hearted and generous.(fortunate)
4.He ____________himself to working day and night.His ____________won him a great reputation.(commit)
enthusiastic
enthusiasm
enthusiastically
cruel
cruelty
Fortunately
fortune
committed
commitment
5.He __________with his violin lessons.It was his ________________that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist.(persevere)
6.Under the __________of the qualified __________,we traveled around the places of interest very happily.(guide)
7.He __________me to the difficult _____________,so I couldn't waste any time.(assign)
8.Instead of __________to lose weight,try a practical __________:“I'll stop having dessert for lunch.”(resolve)
resolution
persevered
perseverance
guidance
guide
assigned
assignment
resolving
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.She tried to ____________________the disappointed child when he failed to win the prize.
2.William wanted to join the basketball team,but the coach __________him __________for his being short.
3.Nancy and her sister picked some branches,_______________ and prepared dinner in the open air.
cheer up
turned
down
made fire
4.The man decided to quit drinking when he realised his health was ________________________.
5.Their car ____________________the mud,and they had no choice but to wait for help.
6.To the manager's astonishment,all the staff ________________________the project.
were enthusiastic about
going from bad to worse
was stuck in
Ⅳ.微写作
1.这对双胞胎给妈妈带来了多愉悦的惊喜啊!
______________________________ the twins gave to the mother!
2.我一直和我的同学相处得不好,我不知道如何和他们一样热情地交流。
I have been getting on/along badly with my classmates and I don't know
________________________________________________.
3.只要我们人类肩并肩行动起来,“携手并进,共创未来”的口号就能够实现。
_____________________________ shoulder to shoulder,the motto “Together for a shared future” will come true.
4.如果我听从了他的建议,我就已经实现目标了。
____________________________,I would have achieved my goal.
If I had followed his advice
What a delightful surprise
how to communicate as enthusiastically as they do
As long as we humans take action
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.turn down 拒绝;调低(音量)
[练会]单句语法填空
①If you turn __________,you might find it easier to get to sleep.
②Don't worry,and I'm sure your missing glasses will turn________ sooner or later.
③Not knowing how to deal with the problem,I turned __________
the teacher for help.
原因状语
over
up
to
[写美]词汇和句式升级·背诵
④Because he didn't make full preparations for the interview,he was refused.
→______________________________________________________,he was ____________________.(非谓语动词作原因状语)
turned down
Not having made full preparations for the interview
归纳turn over 移交;翻转
turn out 关掉;熄灭;在场;结果是
turn up 开大,调高;出现
turn to 转向;求助于
点津如果宾语为代词,需要把代词放在turn与down之间。
佳句He promised that he would come,but he hasn't turned up yet.
他承诺会来,但还没出现。
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的→enthusiasm n.热情;热忱→enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地
[练会]单句语法填空
①He is selfish and bad-tempered;thus,he will never be enthusiastic __________helping those in trouble.
②(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Inspired by the ____________ (enthusiastic) and encouragement,David quickened his space in high spirit .
③我不仅热情而且容易相处,这使得我适合报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(应用文之申请信)
________________________________________________________,which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
情绪高涨地
I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with
about
enthusiasm
归纳(1)be enthusiastic about(doing) sth 对(做)……热情
(2) lack/full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm热情地
佳句(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Bernard and John still made popcorn enthusiastically/with enthusiasm in spite of several failures.
尽管失败了几次,伯纳德和约翰仍然热情地做爆米花。
3.aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board vt.& vi.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)　n.木板;董事会;伙食→broad adj.宽阔的;广阔的→abroad adv.在/到国外;在/到海外
[练会]微写作
①得知你将去国外深造,我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。(应用文之告知信)
__________________________________________,I'm writing to inform you of some necessary dos and don'ts.
告知信常用开头语
Learning that you will go abroad for further study
[写美]一句多译·背诵
②这对年轻夫妇一上船,他们就吃东西、说话、大笑着,好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。
→The instant ______________________________________,they were eating,talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(aboard)
→The instant ______________________________,they were eating,talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(board)
the young couple boarded the ship
the young couple went aboard the ship
归纳(1)go aboard上船(飞机、火车等)
(2)on board 在船(火车或飞机)上
go abroad出国
佳句The plane crashed,killing all 200 people aboard.
飞机失事﹐机上200人全部遇难。
He was tall with broad shoulders and a beard and always wore a broad smile.(读后续写之外貌描写)
他高个、宽肩、留着胡子,总是满面微笑。
4.envy n.& vt.羡慕;忌妒→envious adj.嫉妒的;羡慕的
[练会]单句语法填空
①I was green _________envy because she was really dressed to the teeth at the party.(读后续写之情感描写)
②I __________(envy) him being enthusiastic and full of vigour and it seemed that he never felt exhausted.
I am __________(envy) of you,because you are leading such a cosy and decent life.
穿着华丽
with
envied
envious
[写美]微写作·背诵
④老实说,我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号,我应该向你学习。
Honestly speaking,I ______________________________the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
do envy you getting the title of
归纳(1)envy sb(doing) sth 羡慕/嫉妒某人(做)某事
(2)with envy羡慕地;嫉妒地
green with envy嫉妒地眼红
(3) be envious of羡慕,嫉妒
佳句Not only is Li Ming quick at learning but also he is good at solving tough
problems with logical mind.I am green with envy.
李明不仅学得快,而且善于用逻辑思维解决难题,我都有点眼红了。
部分倒装
5.abandon vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的;放纵的
[练会]单句语法填空
①I heard that you had abandoned __________(carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
②We sang,danced,and laughed __________abandon,forgetting the troubles in our lives.(读后续写之情感描写)
[写美]写作·背诵
③他最后一句话深深地伤了她的心。她大哭起来,陷入绝望。(读后续写之情感描写)
His last word went like a bullet to her heart.______________________________________________.
She burst into tears and abandoned herself to despair
carrying
with
归纳(1)abandon doing sth 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to/be abandoned to(doing) sth 沉湎于(做)……
(2)with abandon放纵地;放任地
佳句(2022全国乙卷)Lacking self-discipline,they may abandon themselves/be abandoned to playing online games.
他们缺乏自律,可能会沉湎于玩网络游戏。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
rough
A.汹涌的;风浪很大的　B.崎岖的　C.粗略的　D.艰难的　E.粗鲁的
①I can't tolerate sailing in rough sea.　　
②He's had a really rough time recently.　　
③(2023全国甲卷)The western half of the U.S.was full of grizzlies when Europeans came,with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans.　　
④The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now.　　
⑤He is such a rough child that he doesn't behave himself.　　
A
D
C
B
E
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.freeze
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.&vt.________________ Water freezes to ice at a temperature of 0℃.
vi.____________________　　 Most soups freeze well.
生义 vi.________________________　　 Freeze,or I'll fire.
vi.________________________　　 My old bicycle was so rusty that the gears had frozen.
vt.________________________ ________________________ 　 The government has frozen pensions until the end of next year.
(使)冻结,(使)结冰
冷冻保存(食物)
(尤指出于恐惧等)停住不动
(引擎或锁)卡住,堵塞
阻止……增长;冻结
使(工资、物价等)固定不变,
2.Low
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj.__________　 When we went skiing,I only went on the lower slopes.
adj.________________ They spoke in low voices so I would not hear what they were saying.
生义 adj.________________________ Illness of any sort can leave you feeling low.
adj.______________　 I have a very low opinion of him.
低劣的,劣等的
低的;矮的
(声)低的,小的
忧郁的,情绪低落的,消沉的
重点句型透视
if引导虚拟条件句
[教材原句] If it weren't for sea animals,we would all starve.
如果没有海洋动物,我们都会饿死。
[练会]单句语法填空
①If my brother were here,everything __________(be) all right.
②They might have found a better hotel if they ____________________(drive) a few more kilometers.
If it ____________________________ (rain) this afternoon,the basketball match would be put off.
would be
had driven
rained/should rain/were to rain
[写美]微写作·背诵
④受邀在这里做演讲我感到荣幸。今天我的演讲主题是“如果我是一名环卫工人”。如果我是一名环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,街上没有任何垃圾。(应用文之演讲稿)
I feel honored to be invited here to deliver a speech.Today the topic of my speech is “____________________”.______________________________
　　　　　　　　　 with no rubbish lying on the street.
If I were a dustman,I would make
If I were a dustman
our city cleaner
归纳
虚拟情况 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词
与现在事 实相反 一般过去时(be用were) would/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事 实相反 过去完成时 would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
与将来事 实相反 一般过去时(be用were); should+动词原形:were to+动词原形 would/should/could/might+动词原形
佳句If I saw/were to see/should see him tomorrow,I would inform him of the good news that I ranked first in the competition held yesterday.
如果我明天看到他,我就会告诉他我在昨天举行的比赛中获得了第一名的好消息。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.When I submitted the regulations I designed to my boss,he turned me __________immediately.
2.Our monitor is enthusiastic __________creating a harmonious campus and he often launches some campaigns to promote it.
3.We have resolved ____________________(reduce) our carbon footprint by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.
4.I promise that I will be loyal __________the enterprise and I will never quit my job.
5.Riding bicycles benefits the environmental conservation because they won't give __________waste gases.
down
about
to reduce
to
off
B组　高考链接
6.(2023全国乙卷) I think I'm well qualified __________the accountant position here.
7.(2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷) You can download the __________(apply) and subscribe today to get your first issue free.
8.(2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷) The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the __________(guide)of a trainer for four or more days a week.
9.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷) _____________ (fortunately),it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.
10.(2020江苏卷改编)And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the _____________ (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
commitment
for
application
guidance
Unfortunately
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
One hundred years ago,exploring the Antarctic was dangerous.Because of the 1.________(cruel) of weather and very little knowledge of how to survive in the Antarctic,the chances of success were quite slim and many explorers 2. _________(die).The people 3. __________ signed up for such voyages were paid low 4. __________(wage) and had to tolerate poor working conditions and rough seas,along with the cold and damp weather.They also had to have a strong resolution 5._________(finish) what they had started no matter how hard it was,great personal discipline,and a firm 6.______________ (commit) to the other members of the team.Yet,many 7.____________________(candidate) still applied
commitment
cruelty
died
who
wages
to finish
candidates
8.________(join) such explorations.Some might have wanted to become famous.Others 9.______________ (look)for rewards.However,the motive for many was 10.________________ (experience) a great adventure.
to experience
to join
were looking
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
续写微情景
第一步　单句写作
1.得知儿子汤姆沉湎于电脑游戏,妈妈的心一沉,接着伤心地哭了起来。(abandon,sink,bitterly)
Learning that her son,Tom,______________________________________,
__________________________ and then she ____________________.
2.她勃然大怒,厉声质问汤姆,“你一直都是一个如此好脾气、真诚、热情、忠诚的男孩子,其他人都羡慕你。”(bark,good-tempered,genuine,enthusiastic,loyal,envy)
She exploded with anger and _____________________,“You are always such _____________________________________________________________.”
wept bitterly
was abandoned to computer games
the mother's heart sank
a good-tempered,genuine,enthusiastic and loyal boy that others envy you
barked questions at Tom
3.汤姆痛苦地抽泣道:“我不知道如何解决上次考试完全失败的问题。”(miserably,resolve)
Tom ____________________,“I don't know how to ______________________________in the last exam.”
4.听到这里,妈妈冲向汤姆,把他揽入怀中,拍着他的后背,喃喃细语道:“如果你致力于学习,你会取得更大进步的。”(commit)
Hearing this,the mother hurried to Tom,gathered him into her arms and patted him on the back,murmuring,“If ______________________________,you can make much more progress.”
resolve the complete failure
sobbed miserably
you are committed to your study
第二步　句式升级
5.用as long as改写句4。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Hearing this,the mother hurried to Tom,gathered him into her arms and patted him on the back,murmuring,“As long as you are committed to your study,you can make much more progress.”
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Learning that her son,Tom,was abandoned to computer games,the mother's heart sank and then she wept bitterly.Then,she exploded with anger and barked questions at Tom,“You are always such a good-tempered,genuine,enthusiastic and loyal boy that others envy you.” Tom sobbed miserably,“I don't know how to resolve the complete failure in the last exam.” Hearing this,the mother hurried to Tom,gathered him into her arms and patted him on the back,murmuring,“As long as you are committed to your study,you can make much more progress.”
研真题 链接高考
(2022全国乙卷,阅读理解C)——无人机技术在铁路方面的应用
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and,at the same time,help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected,the more railway safety,reliability and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance,including sending maintenance staff,often at night,to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies,drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways,detecting faults in the rail or switches,before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks,drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on a new concept:the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead,they could signal any problem,so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
一、理清脉络
二、真题再做
28.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A.The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B.Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C.The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D.Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,无人机目前正在被用来检查高压电线,这使得它将被应用于铁路系统成为可能。故选A项。
A
29.What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Personnel safety.
B.Assistance from drones.
C.Inspection and repair.
D.Construction of infrastructure.
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”可以推断出,画线单词指的就是“维修,维护”。故选C项。
C
30.What function is expected of the rail drones
A.To provide early warning.
B.To make trains run automatically.
C.To earn profits for the crews.
D.To accelerate transportation.
细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知,人们期盼铁路无人机在未来能够提供预先警报,确保列车能及时应对问题,从而提高安全系数。故选A项。
A
31.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B.How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C.What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了无人机目前的应用范围以及未来在铁路方面的应用方向,因此“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来”最能概括文章内容。故选D项。
D
三、语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词义 例句
________ reliability __________ Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and,at the same time,help railway operators save billions of euros each year
________ precisely __________ __________ They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
rely
可靠性
precise
精确地,
确切地
2.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
switch ____________________ They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
n.铁路上的道岔,转辙器
3.积累高频词块
(1)railway operators ____________________
(2)rail/railway tracks ____________________
(3)high-tension electrical lines ____________________
(4)railway lines ____________________
(5)on-time performance ____________________
(6)cut costs ____________________
(7)across the board ____________________
(8)power lines ____________________
(9)perform the task ____________________
(10)earn profits ____________________
铁路运营商,铁路部门
铁路轨道
高压电线
铁路线
准点率
降低成本
整体,全面
电线
执行任务
获利
4.赏析续写佳句
The more regularly they can be inspected,the more railway safety,reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
越是定期检查,________________________________________。
5.破解复杂句式
That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
分析:句子的主干是That is the very likely future,future后跟of短语作后置定语,在后置定语部分,making sure后跟that引导的　　　从句。
译文:__________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率就越高
宾语
那很可能就是应用如今的“空中之眼”技术的未来,以确保全世界范围
内数百万千米的铁路轨道和基础设施都能全天候安全运行。(共53张PPT)
UNIT 5　POEMS
研考点 核心突破
目录索引
强基础 语基自测
1
2
测效果 课堂评价
3
练续写 锤炼技能
4
强基础 语基自测
默写查验
一、核心单词
1.__________ n.业余爱好者　adj.业余的;业余爱好的
2.__________ n.情绪;心情;语气
3.__________ vi.& vt.取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄
4.__________ adj.精美的;精致的;脆弱的
5._______________ n.理解力;领悟力;理解练习
6.__________ n.(pl.shelves)架子;搁板
7._________ adj.空白的;无图画(或韵律、装饰)的;没表情的　n.空白;空格
amateur
mood
tease
delicate
comprehension
shelf
blank
8.__________ vt.& vi.(sowed,sown/sowed)播种;种
9.__________ n.最后期限;截止日期
10.__________ n.比赛;竞赛;竞争　vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等);争辩
11.__________ vt.修改;润色;抛光　n.上光剂;抛光;擦亮
12.__________ n.细绳;线;一串　vt.(__________,__________)悬挂;系　
adj.弦乐器的;线织的
13.__________ n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事
14.__________ adj.复杂的;难懂的
15.__________ n.偏见;成见　vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
sow
deadline
contest
polish
string
strung
strung
grief
complicated
prejudice
二、派生单词
1.__________ n.戏;剧;戏剧艺术
→__________ adj.戏剧(性)的;突然的
→_____________ adv.突然地;戏剧性地;引人注目地
2.__________ n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事　vi.感到悲伤
→__________ adj.悲伤的;悲哀的
3.__________ adj.文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的
→__________ n.文学
4._____________ adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的
→__________ n.同情;赞同
drama
dramatic
dramatically
sorrow
sorrowful
literary
literature
sympathetic
sympathy
5.__________ n.天真;单纯;无罪
→__________ adj.天真无邪的;无辜的;无恶意的
6.______________ n.来往信件;通信联系
→__________ vi.相一致;符合;相当于;通信
7.__________ n.变化;变体;变奏曲
→__________ vi.变化;不同
→__________ adj.不同的;各种各样的
→__________ n.多样性;变化
8.__________ adj.种族的;人种的
→__________ n.竞争;种族 vi.& vt.(与……)赛跑;(与……)竞争

innocence
innocent
correspondence
correspond
variation
vary
various
variety
racial
race
三、重点短语
1. __________________由……组成(构成)
2. __________________能够控制
3. __________________谋生
4. __________________有意义;讲得通
5. __________________赶上,跟上
6. __________________中肯,扼要;切题
7. __________________试一试
8. __________________除……之外(还有,也)
9. __________________开始,开端;起初
10. __________________成功
be made up of
have control over
make a living
make sense
keep up with
to the point
give it a try
in addition to
in the beginning
make it
四、典型句式
1.be+adj.+to do
教材原句:The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory,but they are easy to learn and recite.
2.by doing(作状语),+主句
教材原句:By playing with the words in nursery rhymes,children learn about language.
3.表语从句
教材原句:The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
4.wherever引导让步状语从句
教材原句: Wherever it blew,I should know that the wind...
语境应用
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.They accurately reflect the changes of natural __________(rhythm) and play an extremely important role in people's daily life.
2.Being the tallest kid in her class,she ____________________(tease) by her classmates,which made her very annoyed.
3.My Chinese teacher offers me some timely and generous guidance on how ____________________(polish) my article.
rhythms
was teased
to polish
4.Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they ____________________(sow).
5.The tournament is open to both __________(amateur) and professionals.
6.These jewels ____________________(string) together on a silver chain.
7.I looked along the __________(shelf) for the book I needed.
8.Few __________(contest) in the recent history of boxing have been as thrilling.
contests
had sown/sowed
amateurs
are strung
helves
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Our boss has __________for the poor;that is,he is ____________to people at a disadvantage.(sympathy)
2.All the proof proved his __________,so he was an __________and straight man.(innocent)
3.Judging from her __________eyes,I knew that her life was full of __________.(sorrow)
4.She __________regularly with her former teacher and their ______________ make them more familiar with each other.(correspond)
sympathy
sympathetic
innocence
innocent
sorrowful
sorrow(s)
corresponds
correspondences
5.I firmly believe that all the __________are equal and __________ prejudice should be avoided.(race)
6.I take part in __________activities,__________ from playing basketball to dancing.(vary)
7.English __________,especially English fiction,is of great significance in the __________world.(literature)
various
varying
literature
literary
races
racial
Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空
1.To be honest,I enjoyed my job _______________,but I'm bored with it now.
2.The world has been developing very fast,and every country must ____________________the time.
3.____________________ these traditional activities,we have a wider range of choices,such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
4.Personally speaking,your comment is very brief and ____________________.
5.Many people who live along the coast ____________________in fishing industry.
make a living
in the beginning
keep up with
In addition to
to the point
Ⅳ.微写作
1.尽管这位女士看起来优雅大方,但事实上她很难相处。
Although the lady looks elegant,actually ___________________________.
2.通过提供远距离通信和能源,电力创造了现代世界。
__________________________________________________,electricity created the modern world.
she is difficult to get along with
By providing long-distance communication and energy
3.人们庆祝端午节的原因是为了纪念屈原,一位伟大的中国诗人。(应用文之传统文化)
The reason why people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival is _____________
_________,a great Chinese poet.
4.将来无论我去哪里,我都会努力保护并丰富我们自己的传统文化。
__________________________,I'll make great efforts to preserve and enrich our own traditional culture.
that they honor
Qu Yuan
Wherever I go in the future
研考点 核心突破
核心词汇突破
1.sorrow n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事→sorrowful adj.悲伤的
[练会]单句语法填空
①Much __________my sorrow,all of my classmates teased my nursery rhyme,saying that it lacked rhythms.
②As a matter of fact,he daren't look up to see her __________(sorrow) eyes.
③He sorrowed _____________the news of his friend's accident,his hands shaking.
事实上
to
sorrowful
at/for/over
[写美]微写作·背诵
④悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊往下流,我紧紧地拥抱着父亲,说道:“让我悲伤的是,我又失败了。”父亲也对我的失败感到悲伤,他轻拍我的肩膀,安慰我,鼓励我。(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)(with的复合结构)
______________________________________,I hugged my father tightly,saying,“ ____________________,I failed again.”My father also ___________________________but he patted me on the shoulder,comforting and encouraging me.
sorrowed at/for/over my failure
With tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks
To my sorrow
归纳(1)to one's sorrow让某人悲伤的是
mix joy with sorrow悲喜交加
drown one's sorrow in wine借酒浇愁
(2)sorrow at/for/over sth 对某事感到悲伤
佳句 A wave of sorrow welled up within her.Tears were beginning to gather in her eyes.(读后续写之情感描写)
一阵悲伤涌上心头,她眼里涌上泪水。
2.mood n.情绪;心情;语气→moody adj. 喜怒无常的,情绪多变的
[练会]单句语法填空
①Having been punished by his teacher,he was in __________very bad mood.
②Depressed,she felt in no mood __________(do) anything but weep in her room.(读后续写之情感描写)
[写美]微写作·背诵　　
③简心情如此好,她几乎要跳起来,眼里噙满了喜悦的泪水。(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)
Jane was _____________________________________________________
____________________.
省略不定式符号to
happiness filled her eyes
a
to do
in such a good mood that she almost jumped up and tears of
归纳in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
a confident/optimistic/relaxed mood自信/乐观/轻松的情绪
be/feel in the/no mood for sth 有/没……的心情
be/feel in the/no mood to do sth 有/没做某事的心情
佳句Trapped in the pumpkin,I gulped for air and I was in no mood to play jokes with my elder brother.
我被困在南瓜里,大口喘着气,没心情和我的哥哥开玩笑。
3.sympathy n.同情;赞同→sympathetic adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的
[练会]单句语法填空
①Actually,they felt great sympathy __________the victims in the accident.
②(2022浙江1月卷)I said __________sympathy,“Take care of yourself at the hospital and I assure you that I won't let you down.”
③To tell you the truth,I am in sympathy __________the way
归纳(1)have/feel sympathy for sb 同情某人
express/offer sympathy表达/表示同情
get sympathy from sb 得到某人的同情
in sympathy with...赞同/支持……
you polished the format of the article.
说实话
for
with
with
[写美]一句多译·背诵
④(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Meredith太太同情穷人,因此每当她有时间的时候,她都会给他们带来食物和药品。
→Mrs Meredith ______________________________,so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathetic)
→Mrs Meredith _______________________,so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathy)
with sympathy(=sympathetically adv.)同情地
(2)be/feel sympathetic to/towards 同情……
佳句I'm writing to express my sympathy for your falling ill during your stay in Beijing.(应用文之劝慰信)
你在北京期间生病,我写信深表同情。
had sympathy for the poor
was sympathetic towards/to the poor
4.correspond vi.相一致;符合;相当于;通信→correspondence n.来往信件;通信联系;关系
[练会]单句语法填空
①Only when we make our actions correspond __________our words can we win the trust of others.(读后续写之主旨升华)
②The American Congress corresponds __________the British Parliament.
③If you have any question,please correspond __________me at your earliest convenience.(应用文写作之结束语)
with/to
to
with
[写美]一句多译·背诵
④只有当你言行一致时,你才能和其他人建立更好的关系。
→You can build better relationships with others only when _____________________________________________________________.
→___________________________________________________________
_______________________better relationships with others.(用倒装句改写)
you say can you build
what you do corresponds with/is in correspondence with what you say
Only when what you do corresponds with/is in correspondence with what
归纳(1)correspond with/to 与……相符/一致
correspond to 相当于;相类似
correspond with sb 和某人通信
(2)be in correspondence with sb 和某人通信
佳句I used to correspond with/be in correspondence with my friends by letters while now the Internet makes our communication more convenient.(应用文之短文投稿)
我过去经常写信与朋友联络,而现在网络使我们的沟通更方便了。
★补遗缺　微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
blank
A.adj.空白的;空的　　B.n.空格;(记忆中的)空白　
C.adj.没表情的　　　 D.v.突然忘掉
①The lady stared at me with a blank expression on her face.　　
②In fact I knew the answer,but I totally blanked during the test.　　
③My mind was a blank and I couldn't remember her name.　　
④(2020浙江7月卷)We yelled at the bear,hit pots hard,and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.　　
C
D
B
A
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.line
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n.__________　　 Draw a line down that page's centre.
生义 n. (pl.)___________　 She hasn't learned her lines yet,and we've got our first rehearsal.
n. _______________　　 (2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor across the finish line.
线,线条
台词
边线,界线;界限
续　表
项目 意义 例句
生义 n.______________　 What sort of line do you think we should take in the pay negotiations
n.______________ She was very old and her face was covered with lines.
皱纹;褶子
做法
2.shot
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n._______________________________________ _____________________ And that was a great shot by Márquez!
n.___________________ He fired four shots at the car as it drove off.
生义 n.___________________ I thought I'd have a shot at making my own wine.
n.___________________ (2023全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame.
照片;拍摄
(板球、足球、网球或
高尔夫球中旨在得分的)
发射;射击;开枪;开火
尝试;努力
攻击,击打
重点句型透视
“be+形容词+to do”结构
[教材原句] The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory,but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗歌的内容可能讲不通,甚至看起来自相矛盾,但是它们易于学习和背诵。
[练会]单句语法填空/补全句子
①Today's homework was easy __________(do),so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
to do
②Among the four seasons in a year,summer is my favorite,because the morning air is so good ____________ (breathe).
③I'm afraid we'll have to work extra hours,for some problems ____________________(很难解决).
[写美]微写作·背诵
④你提到的这篇文章很难理解。
This passage you referred to _____________________.
is difficult to understand
to breathe
are hard to solve
归纳
句型 主语+be+形容词+to do
特点 常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
使用 条件 常用的形容词有difficult,hard,easy,comfortable,pleasant,interesting,exciting等,不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组　基础必练
1.__________ my great sorrow,he turned down my application,saying that I wasn't qualified.
2.My nephew organized an expedition which was made up __________one navigator and nine sailors.
3.I was __________a good mood because my loyal friend's thorough guidance enabled me to win the first prize in the contest.
4.I had sympathy __________Tom from the bottom of my heart,who was leading a miserable life full of adversities.
5.I often correspond _________my former monitor,who is enthusiastic,genuine and full of vigour.
To
of
in
for
with
B组　高考链接
6.(2023全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple __________(literature) form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
7.(2023浙江1月卷) Habitat loss,pesticide use,and climate change have caused __________(drama) declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades,which has damaged the U.S.agricultural economy.
8.(2021天津3月卷) After letting go of his anger and frustration,he found himself on a road to __________(sympathetic) instead.
literary
dramatic
sympathy
9.(2020浙江7月卷) His friends teased him __________babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine.
10.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must be easy _____________(cook).
to cook
about
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
Yesterday,we had great fun 1.___________ (participate) in a contest of 2.__________(recite)Tang poems at our school hall.It was held in an attempt 3.____________ (appreciate)a variety of poems of different 4. __________ (format) and greatly motivate our passion 5.__________ Tang poetry.As there were some poems 6.__________ our comprehension,we had to consult our teachers and exchanged opinions 7.__________each other.We were all in 8.__________good mood to deepen our knowledge of Tang poetry through the contest.It is worthwhile 9._______________(take)part in more contests 10.__________(aim) at promoting traditional Chinese culture.
aimed
participating
reciting
to appreciate
formats
for
beyond
with
a
to take
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
应用文——建议信(诗歌比赛)
第一步　单句写作
1.随着中国诗词比赛的临近,我想给你一些切实可行的建议。(contest,with复合结构)
_________________________________________,I'd like to offer you some practical suggestions.
2.背诵一些学起来很有趣的诗歌是有意义的。(makesense,recite,be+adj.+to do)
_________________________________________________________.
With the Chinese Poetry Contest approaching
It makes sense to recite some poems that are interesting to learn
3.努力理解每首诗所表达的不同情感,如悲伤、悲痛和同情。(sorrow,grief,sympathy)
Try to make sense of different feelings that each poem conveys,___________________________________.
4.特别注意押韵。(rhyme)
__________________________ in particular.
5.它们会让你欣赏诗歌的美,更好地学习它们。
They will allow you to ______________________________and learn them better.
such as sorrow,grief and sympathy
Pay attention to the rhymes
appreciate the beauty of the poems
6.为了在比赛中更清晰、更流利地表达自己,练习你的汉语口语是明智的。(contest)
It's wise to practice your spoken Chinese in order to ___________________
____________________________.
7.我希望我的建议中肯并对你有帮助。(point)
I hope my suggestions ______________________________ you.
will be to the point and helpful to
express yourself more
clearly and fluently in the contest
第二步　句式升级
8.用which引导的非限制性定语从句连接句4和句5
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
第三步　连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)
Dear Mike,
Pay attention to the rhymes in particular,which will allow you to appreciate the beauty of the poems and learn them better.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
With the Chinese Poetry Contest approaching,I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions.
Firstly,it makes sense to recite some poems that are interesting to learn.Try to make sense of different feelings that each poem conveys,such as sorrow,grief and sympathy.Besides,pay attention to the rhymes in particular,which will allow you to appreciate the beauty of the poems and learn them better.Additionally,it’s wise to practice your spoken Chinese in order to express yourself more clearly and fluently in the contest.
I hope my suggestions will be to the point and helpful to you.
Yours,
Li hua
练续写 锤炼技能
(十六)动作描写之“上肢动作(一) ”
　Ⅰ.语块必记
(一)肩膀
1.broad shoulders 宽阔的肩膀
2.look over one's shoulder 回头看
3.shrug one's shoulders 耸肩
4.tap/pat sb on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀
(二)手臂
1.wave one's arms挥动某人的双臂
2.fold one's arms某人双臂交叉
3.take one's arm挽住某人的胳膊
4.catch/grab one's arm抓住某人的胳膊
5.pull sb into one's arms拉某人进怀
6.hold out/open one's arms某人伸出/张开双臂
7.put/throw one's arms around sb 搂住某人
8.gather sb in one's arms把某人抱在怀中
9.with crossed arms双臂交叉
10.with open arms双臂张开(欢迎)
11.arm in arm臂挽臂地
Ⅱ.佳句背诵
1.肩膀动作
I tapped the man on the shoulder and asked him to move.
我拍了拍那个人的肩膀,让他走开。
When I asked him why he had done it,he just shrugged his shoulders.
当我问他为什么那样做时,他只是耸了耸肩。
My shoulders dropped with relief.
我如释重负地垂下了肩膀。
The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by.
那孩子坐在她父亲的肩膀上看游行队伍经过。
He shouldered open the door.
他用肩膀把门撞开。
She shouldered her way through the crowd.
她用肩膀挤过人群。
2.手臂动作
They walked home arm in arm.他们手挽手走回家。
They are sure to welcome you with open arms.
他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。
She folded her arms and stared at him.
她交叉着双臂凝视着他。
She moved closer to her father and took his arm.
她走近父亲,挽起他的胳膊。
He ran up to her and put/threw/his arms around her.
他跑到她跟前,张开双臂搂住了她。
实战演练
1.按要求用表示“手臂动作”的表达完成下列各句。
①他挥动双臂朝门跑去。
He ran to the door,________________.(分词短语作状语)
②她站在那里,双臂交叉,看上去很生气。
She stood there ______________________________,looking very angry.
(with复合结构)
③他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。
He __________________________,smiling.(简单句)
④她转过身,竭力和他保持一定的距离。
She turned around,trying to ________________________.(分词短语作状语)
waving his arms
with her arms crossed/folded
held out/opened his arms
keep him at arm’s length
⑤他只得走近她,伸出一只手抓住她的左胳膊。
He had to approach her and _______________________________.(动作描写)
⑥他挽住她的胳膊,低声道歉说:“对不起”。
He ____________________,whispering an apology,“I'm sorry”.(简单句)
⑦他们臂挽臂走回家。
They walked home ____________________.(简单句)
arm in arm
reached out to catch/grab her left arm
took her arm
2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
He ran to the door,waving his arms.However,she stood there with her arms crossed/folded,looking very angry.He held out/opened his arms,smiling.But she turned around,trying to keep him at arm’s length.As a result,he had to approach her and reached out to catch/grab her left arm.He took her arm,whispering an apology,“I’m sorry”.Finally,they walked home arm in arm.

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